GEMFORM 7 User's Guide
Contents
1. Strip tab The strip tab is as shown below Crew leader and date should be entered and distance either to the line at the western edge of the strip or to the centre line depending on which survey method is used The text on the form changes according to the method selected The compass bearing should correspond to true North with the appropriate correction for declination The direction walked will be either from the baseline S N or from the top of the previous strip N S Itis also possible for the block to be surveyed with the baseline along the North edge in which case the compass bearing 195 and direction N S and S N entries would be given as they occur in practice Notes would relate to any other matters of relevance Trees tab The tree number must be unique within the strip duplicate numbers if they occur must be changed The system will give an error message if an attempt is made to save data with the same tree number as one already entered or with a blank tree number Distance north or station as it is often called is then recorded If the strip has been measured from the north these distances should start at 1000 and go downwards Species can be selected from the drop down list which also reacts to any letters typed in Dbh and bole height must be entered Then the offsets are recorded either from the Western line and Eastern line method 1 or to the The Transect tab p 7 lacks this data but this will be remedied2. clicking on the top menu bar will Animals E Flots E YolEqns A h Objects snow a popup menu as Shown Aspects E PreTrees E Waypoints Click on the Gemform menu and it El Blocks E Projects E Canopies E SkidDifficulty E Disturbances E SoilTypes E Features E Species i FeatureTypes E SpeciesClasses i ForestTypes E Species5chemes Queries E will reappear below the main Access E Fon menu You can then click Reset on the Gemform menu to restore Gemform s normal appearance Reports B S Pages a Macros Exit The exit function closes the program It has the same effect as closing the Access window Projects GEMFORM Project Inputs Cutputs Help Details What is a project In Gemform a project is a grouping of all inventory stock survey and other data relating to one company or Export Reset Link Database E List of Projects ID Project title 1 Demonstration Inventory based on Imokrama 003 Survey 2 VWAVIGL Pre harvest Surveys 3 Berbice 03 Import test Access Menus concession Exit double click on a project to view details and select it Mew Project Selecting a project The Select menu will bring up a list of projects in the database as shown Double click on the required project and it will become the current project Its title will appear on the Gemform splash screen All functions except the program control functions noted above requir
3. Fabaceae Arisauro Vata ea codes in use and must be guianensis unique The system will not allow a duplicate code to be entered Common name is the name used on all drop down lists for data entry and therefore should be a standardised name Genus Species and Family are for reference and may be edited as required The Models entries Vol volume and Incr increment should not be changed New species can be assigned the default volume model of U and increment model E in the absence of other information These model codes and detailed descriptions of their meaning will be found in Alder 2000 Trees in data shows the number of records in either the inventory or pre harvest data that refer to this species Only species with no records can be deleted from the list The system will reject attempts to delete other records The list can be sorted on any column or exported to Word or Excel via the right mouse button popup menu Species Groups The Species Group menu allows species grouping schemes to be created edited and if necessary deleted A Scheme is a short code name for a set of species groups Ideally there would be only one national species group classification which we might call the GFC scheme In practice different organizations and companies will regard species as having different relevance to their operations Iwokrama for example is trying to diversify forest use as much as possible and has therefo
4. 20 24 Terrain Date Direction walked S toh aye Add Strip Delete Strip Terrain tab E Gemform 7 00 Pre Harvest Survey Data Entry YWGL Pre harvest Surveys m Select 4 Block Strip Block Strip Trees Terrain Esa Distt Length Feature Skidding Joins on strip 25 H 10 River more than 1m deep Cannot cross work around 60 4 35 A 50 Moderate slope 5 154 se Can cross work with difficulty se 80 3 O wt wt o Add Block Delete Block Add Strip Delete Strip The terrain tab allows survey information relevant to the planning of skid trails to be entered Features encountered along strips are recorded on a survey sketch as usual This is then translated into entries on this form The distance along the strip is recorded as Dist N and the width of the feature along the direction of the strip is recorded as Length The feature itself can be selected from a drop down whose entries are given in the data table Features which may be edited and added to if required The effect of the feature on skid trail planning is selected from the Skidding dropdown If itjoins up with the same feature on another strip the distance and strip number can be entered This is especially helpful for linear features such as streams or roads but may be regarded as optional if too time consuming E List of Compartments Compartments C t t M t Unit A h Use Compartments or other management units N rea i such as zoni
5. 231 pp 3 Printed copies of this manual are available by post Please contact denis bio met co uk to request one 26 Appendix A Gemdata structure This diagram shows the data tables fields and relationships currently within Gemdata Projects InvMainDbh 7 ShowNTFPs 3 oo InvSubDbh w Harv f Line Types ie LineType Blocks Direction Walked Notes NTFPs Zones co ProjiD ZonelD Zone rea Animals HostTree ForestTypes 1 Code Desc Disturbances 1 Code Desc Aspects 1 Code Desc SoilTypes SpeciesSchemes SpeciesClasses 1 e Scheme Code 28 a Sp ClassName vi Class Species StemRisk Code 1 oo Code Desc Desc Factor Canopies 1 Code Desc Features Feature Types 1 Code Desc Do SkidDifficulty 1 Code Desc 27
6. Iwokrama database format So far however with several files tested the procedure works without problems After import remember to fill in the Project Details otherwise it will not be possible to do any analysis on the imported data 17 Outputs Monitoring The Monitoring report will appear as shown below when the menu is selected It lists all transects in the inventory for the current project with number of plots per transect date measured and team leader It then shows actual tree numbers per plot and subplot and calculated total per ha Basal area is then shown for all trees for classified species and for classified species on the main plot The Coefficient of Variation CV is shown for each of these basal area figures At the bottom it shows target numbers of plots required to achieve sampling errors of 5 10 and 15 for each of these three classes of basal area This report allows the progress and required sampling precision of an inventory to be monitored Basal area has the same statistical properties as volume so the sampling error for basal area will be the same as that for volume Classified species are those which have been assigned to any species group under the grouping scheme set for this project Demonstration Inventory based on lwokrama 2003 Survey No of Trees perplot Trees Basalarea mi per ha Transect Date Team Leader Plots Main Sub perha Altrees Cum Class spp CUT Clspp dbhe35 CY 1 24 Sep U2 I
7. They must be logged in under different Windows usernames We may also note that in order to run GEMFORM7 Microsoft Access 2000 or a higher edition must be installed on the local computer If this is not the case the program will not run At GFC MS Access 2002 forms part of the normal installation on network workstations Starting Gemform Gemform is started simply by clicking on the filename from Windows Explorer The following screen will appear indicating that the program has started correctly Ed GEMFORM Project Inputs Outputs Help Gemform 7 00 Gemform Gemform 7 00 June 2007 Database application for sustainable forest resource management Copyright c Guyana Forestry Commission 2007 All nghts reserved Linking the database When Gemform is first installed or if it is copied from another location it will not be able to find the linked database In this case the following error message will appear Gemform 7 00 GEMFORM In this case select Link Database from A d whilst trying t d the database 1 A pretig the Project menu as shown A standard Windows file explorer box will open which can be navigated to find the GEMDATA file Double click on it to Project Inputs utp Select Details Export Reset Link Database Access Menus complete the linking process Exit Set linked Gemform database Look in Geom e pa es EE gt Re linking only needs to be done if the re ca
8. for species by diameter class for inventory Q Estimation of sustainable yield and annual allowable cut AAC for inventories Q Data entry and editing for stock surveys Q Stock tables from pre harvest surveys GEMFORM 7 incorporates volume equations and growth models based on past work and in use by the GFC through other systems The name GEMFORM itself derives from Guyana Empirical Modelling for Forest Management Previous publications by the present author describe earlier versions of GEMFORM and the technical and data basis for the growth models and volume equations used These documents are available on the Internet see References Alder 2000 2001 An earlier version of GEMFORM version 2 incorporating stand table and yield projection facilities was developed in 2001 and has been used for a number of projects by the GFC However this was an Excel program that did not work properly for multi user access on the GFC network The present program incorporates the essential features in terms of flexible stand tables and modelling whilst re writing the system in Microsoft Access to permit network multi user operation and adding additional features for data entry and management and for the pre harvest surveys Gemform 7 00 is the first version of this new package which is undergoing continuing development The section on Further Developments highlights facilities planned for the near future Installation File location GEMFORM 7 fo
9. in a later update 11 West and East of the central line method 2 Other data required by some companies such as tag numbers can be recorded and will be transferred by Gemform to the stock map output but is not used for any calculation and can be left blank if not collected ES Gemform 7 00 Pre Harvest Survey Data Entry m Select Block Strip Block WWIGL Pre harvest Surveys Station Dist M 4 E 13 20 25 24 29 36 dd Er 40 50 63 73 62 75 E 0 A A A A 2 A 2 ee ee ee A T a M On Fe to PFP 0 Strip Species Greenheart Wiamara Supa Greenheart Greenheart Greenheart Kabukallli Greenheart Greenheart Greenheart Morabukea E uyama W amara Greenheart Supa Greenheart Greenheart Add Block Delete Block E Gemform 7 00 Pre Harvest Survey Data Entry r Select Block Strip 33 H 35 H 36 Block Block 34 ee eS ee ee eee E Dbh ai 3 55 o 58 5E 48 37 43 45 50 37 45 3 fi 52 54 60 Trees West Ht 10 12 15 El 12 15 E 10 24 12 16 13 12 21 Tz 10 15 10 15 7 17 16 t YWOL Pre harvest Surveys Strip Baseline distance ho west edge of strip 150 Hotes Strip Crew Leader 3 DA 15 Jan 05 Compass bearing on strip line 15 Add Block Delete Block 12 Trees from strip edge Terrain Other data East
10. of 20 plots per stratum The vegetation type is recorded on the plot form and must use categories which exist in the ForestTypes database table This can be extended to include new or different type classifications if desired If stratification is by compartment this must have been set for every transect during data entry otherwise an error will occur when the table is generated Stratification and statistics Stratify data by T t Tables can be printed for every stratum or only a whole forest oes os z f Print table for each stratum summary printed The former option can consume large amounts of paper and is often not needed Y Show sampling statistics The checkbox Show sampling statistics will result in sampling error being printed for the column totals and for the subtotal rows Saving of options The various options set on the stand tables form as with the stock tables and sustained yield report are always saved as part of the project and will re appear as set next time the form is opened Sustained yield In many ways the sustained yield model is the heart of Gemform and contributes to the package its name Guyana Empirical Model for Forest Management The details of the model are documented in Alder 2000 The objective of this model is to estimate a A Sustained Yields and AAC level of harvesting that Management options Plan area Action can be sustaine d for Felling Cycle yrs 25 Compartment Lis
11. the Export function described below This allows a project and all its data to be copied to another database and then removed from the current one Project details Once a new project has been set its GAIRE details must be completed These ID Title include the title This will appear on 1 Demonstration Inventory based on Iwokrama 2003 Survey printouts such as stand tables yield This is a test dataset converted From Iwokrama s database system Transect 28 is missing forecasts etc and should be appropriate a for this purpose The project details box also allows notes to be entered It is recommended that essential file references for the concession are Inventory plot specifications Main Plot Sub Plat oe included here together with the name nrs mal and contact details of the applicant or Min dei a owner and a brief description of the species grouping scheme project Any amount of text can be written This data will not appear on any outputs but is very useful after one or two years in reminding you of the essentials of the project The inventory plot specifications must be given and are critical to giving correct figures on outputs A mistake in plot size or threshold diameters will affect all calculations and give wrong results The figures shown in the example are normal for GFC management inventories A species grouping scheme must also be selected otherwise a number of outputs will be unavailable The delete proj
12. 1 Email denis bio met co uk GEMFORM 7 User s Guide Denis Alder Consultant in Forest Biometrics Prepared for Guyana Forestry Commission 18 November 2007 Revision 1 45 Executive Summary This users guide describes the first stage development of a software package to support forest planning and monitoring called Gemform 7 Gemform comprises an Access application linked to an Access database called Gemdata The initial version is designed to process data from management or strategic inventories and pre harvest stock surveys It is intended that facilities to be completed later in the year will support stock mapping skid trail planning post harvest silvicultural surveys and permanent sample plots Gemform groups data into projects A project may be a concession or timber lease application or any other operation requiring a forest management plan Projects can have different sampling designs and species grouping systems Management inventory data is then organised by transects plots and on plots by tree data NTFP data animal observations and stump records Data input forms are provided for these which are compatible with currently recommended field forms and procedures and similar in use to software that has been used in the past Management inventory outputs include a monitoring module to assess progress and required sampling intensity a flexible stand table module for many different stand table layouts and a erowth mod
13. 6 13 5 16 40 17 50 3 6 Total all species 18 985 6 125 2 104 972 514 355 408 29 465 Sampling eror 26 4 0 5 9 9 3 F995 10 006 12 6 13 2 3 1 19 The options that can be set for the stand table include the following Measure of quantity The stand table can summarise four quantities Tree numbers per km2 Basal area per ha Gross volume in m3 ha or Net volume in m3 ha Net volume uses a net volume equation see Alder 2000 based on the CIDA IFP defect and decay studies done in the 1970 s It also discounts volumes with higher risk classes according to factors tabulated in the table StemRisk within the database Gross volume uses the gross volume equations from Alder 2000 without any deduction for risk defect or decay Measure of Quantity Net Volumesha The selection of measure of quantity is made via the dropdown list on the Bice Vol medhs form Basal Areasha Species Rows There are four options controlling how species rows are presented They may species rows be shown purely based on the most abundant species selecting the top 20 or C show top 30 spp whatever number is required Alternatively species may be shown by species show classified species groups In this mode unclassified species those not in any group may be C show all species shown lumped as other species or if the show all species option is selected they amp sott by abundance will be individually listed Species will be show
14. CA DURONS STEE st MEU Reda a Rae aA Sada tL ck ted A tt re cad A tea 22 SEE SRC MOL 210 110 AEE see EAS E er Ore RR 23 IOC OUT DC COMI IS setae A alt thecal Gee ac code atest At sO E steed ed ta 23 OLA SLOW cade ata asa sca A ed 23 111 ii DON es cecctevier aa A eeans ane dai eda eee anna 23 a A A II A IS 24 Further Developments 25 References 26 Appendix A Gemdata structure 27 Acknowledgements The author would like to especially thank the Commissioner for Forests Mr James Singh Deputy Commissioner for Forests Tasreef Khan and the Director Finance Mr Edward Goberdhan for the opportunity to work again in Guyana and with the Guyana Forestry Commission as well as for all facilities granted during this mission At the technical level he would like to thank Timur Mohamed and Darren Kowkessar for assistance with computer systems and with GIS facilities All the GFC staff the author has worked with have been exceptionally helpful and have provided the greatest assistance during this mission Introduction GEMFORM 7 is a Microsoft Access computer application designed to bring together several different pieces of software used by the Guyana Forestry Commission GFC into one convenient and user friendly package The functions performed by version 7 include the following Q Data entry and editing for pre harvest inventory Q Progress monitoring and estimation of sampling requirements for inventories Q Stand tables volumes and stocking
15. Commission Support Project Consultancy Report 43 pp http www bio met co uk new pdf guyana2 pdf Alder D 2000 Development of growth models for applications in Guyana DFID Guyana Forestry Commission Support Project Consultancy Report 41 pp http www bio met co uk new pdf guyanal pdf Alder D Oavika F Sanchez M Silva JNM Van der Hout P Wright HL 2002 A comparison of species growth rates from four moist tropical forest regions using increment size ordination International Forestry Review 4 3 196 205 http www bio met co uk new pdf ifr2002 pdf Alder D Silva JNM 2000 An empirical cohort model for the management of Terra Firme forests in the Brazilian Amazon Forest Ecology amp Management 130 141 157 http www bio met co uk new pdf fem2000 pdf Alder D 1999 Some issues in the yield regulation of moist tropical forests Paper to workshop on Humid and semi humid tropical forest yield regulation with minimal data held at CATIE Costa Rica 5 9 July 1999 Oxford Forestry Institute Occasional Papers 52 pp 14 27 http www bio met co uk new pdt catiews pdf Alder D 1998 PINFORM A growth model for lowland tropical forests in Papua New Guinea Forest Research Institute Lae ITTO PNG Project PD 162 91 Consultancy Report 56 pp http www bio met co uk new pdf pinform1 pdf Alder D 1995 Growth modelling for mixed tropical forests Oxford Forestry Institute Tropical Forestry Paper 30
16. J da 5 E 143 15 7 56 Of 150 0 1 322 2 2Poep 02 WE 39 E O 469 26 9 30 15 105 Ob 193 3 29 Sep 02 WE 32 E O 449 249 31 2 0 105 039 137 4 10 Jan 02 EB a a g 555 30 5 33 2 9 140 1 5 206 5 O1 Oct O2 WE Ze a E 399 25 0 39 6 0 1867 43 254 E 10 Feb 02 WE 33 E O 475 24 0 24 1 0 146 1 3 105 r O3 Oct O2 EB a4 f g 529 23 3 31 16 137 06 142 24 19 Jul 05 EJ 15 5 E 369 18 5 33 1 4 102 0 5 132 25 21 Jul 05 GA 25 5 Fi 419 2003 45 1 3 1185 Ob 212 46 18 Jul 05 BA fs 4 5 06 17 0 21 12 141 0 9 203 2 24 Sep 02 I5 41 E E 420 24 5 44 TF 133 0 5 104 All transects 5 T Fiots required to achieve target sampling errors of 18 There are two situations which will prevent this report from running If no project has been selected or if no species grouping scheme has been set for the project Both of these will produce clear warning dialogs Sampling error is used here in the same sense as in the GFC management inventory procedures It is the 95 confidence interval expressed as a percentage of the mean A sampling error of 10 means that there is a 19 20 probability 0 95 that the true population mean is within 10 of the sample mean Stand Tables 3 GEMFORM stand tables The Stand Tables menu Measure of Quantity Table columns Stratification and statistics s Basal Area ha X class lower bounds cm l brings up an options screen Diameter classes 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Stratify data by Compartment zone S
17. age similar to that dt_vTransect shown below dt_yTreeA dt vTreeb Ik_ Species lk_SpeciessT Ei IZ T Objects E Tables Queries dt_ Animal dt Inventory dt_NTFP dt Plot dt_ Strata dk_ Stump det Transect Forms Gemform 7 00 Reports Current project already contains data for 27 transects Pages If you continue the data will be appended to this project Any data having duplicate transect plot and tree numbers will be rejected Are you sure you want to do this Macros de _Treeb Modul satis de Animal dt_vNITFP dt_vPlot Groups Favorites It is better not to try and import data into an existing project unless you have renumbered transects beforehand to ensure there are no clashes Otherwise the import will be unsuccessful as the system will reject any duplicate transect numbers It is recommended that you start with an empty project or at least having no management inventory data With an empty project or by clicking yes to the warning message above a file explorer box will then open Use this to locate the required database to import and click Open 16 The data conversion and import will then proceed and a notification will appear when the import is completed The main causes of failure in this process will be duplicate transect or plot numbers blank fields for transect or plot IDs or species codes The process will also fail if the file opened for import is not in the correct
18. ame or initials of the Team Leader and the date the transect was established should be entered Date can be typed in either the dd mm yy or mm dd yy formats but will always be shown with the month in words to eliminate any ambiguity between these two systems The preferred system on any given workstation will depend on how its localisation has been configured and is outside the control of this software Dates can also be entered in the format show eg 21 aug 07 or 27 8 07 or 8 27 07 would all give the correct result However 1 12 07 would be ambiguous and might translate as 1 Dec 07 or 12 Jan 07 depending on the computer settings Notes should include any information relevant at the transect level GPS Waypoints should be recorded in UTM coordinates The UTM zone 20 or 21 should be put into the notes for the moment this will be properly provided for in a later revision as on the Pre Harvest form The Distance is distance from the start of the transect Waypoints need to be recorded under relatively open canopy conditions and cannot always be made at the start of the line This system allows for flexibility in this respect To confirm the bearing and straightness of the transect ideally waypoints should be recorded nears the start and end and at a few places 3 4 along its length The description may be a physical locality if available on map eg main road crossing or simply near plot 42 or exact centre plot 50 Plot tab El G
19. cked up from the Compartment List The E button etalon ah Ao n brings this list up as a popup only the compartments checked as Use will be included in the plan area It follows from this that if compartments have not been defined for a project or given an area then this model cannot be used A simple approach is to have one compartment for the whole project whose area represents the estimated forested area Action buttons There are three action buttons shown at the top right of the form They are W Filters the results table to show only those species being harvested It also updates the model when clicked to reflect changes in species selection Writes the current option settings to disk These will re appear as default settings next aly time the form is opened for this project each project has its own defaults Options are always saved when the form is closed F Summarises the model outputs and assumptions in printable report format This may also be exported to Excel or Word 22 Species selection Species can be selected individually for inclusion in the model by checking the use box Alternatively a group can be selected or de selected as a whole using the group select dropdown box The display can be filtered to only show selected species using the Y button Model output columns The various columns in the model output are of BA Percentage of total basal area represented by the species Calculate
20. d number of recruits growing above the diameter limit over the decia bis felling cycle after allowing for deaths from natural mortality and logging n ha damage ni The current stock in trees above the diameter limit Harvest The number of trees that may be sustainably harvested This is the lesser of the n ha current stock or the net recruitment bl ci The estimated net volume that will be sustainably harvestable Harvest The total number of trees harvested per annum on the concession based on the n ha annual coupe and the harvested trees per ha The Annual Allowable Cut or yield per ha multiplied by coupe area Itis a AAC m3 ha figure that can be monitored as the most the concession can sustainably produce per annum Totals row The totals row at the bottom of the form shows the sum of these various statistics for all the selected species Printable Report The printable report produced by the 8 button has exactly the same columns as the above but is well formatted and can be exported to Word or Excel However it is always filtered to only show selected species irrespective of the filter status on the screen form 23 Stock Tables Stock tables are produced from pre harvest ES GEMFORM stand tables inventories and resemble the stand tables but with ma able afan simplified options When the Stock tables menu is 33H SE A 34 H C Diameter classes 20 40 50 60 70 860 slected the form at the right will appear Itis
21. e e a Fa fa fo fa ols Ea i ef 9 a o fa Fa fa Add Transect Delete Transect Add Plot Delete Plot Tree data are entered for the main plot and sub plot separately Clicking the sub plot button will bring up the tree list for the sub plot The data is entered as recorded on the data entry form It is important not to leave Tree Species Dbh or Risk blank as errors may result in later processing BL can be left empty as it is not used by the system and has been included only for historical reasons New trees are entered by simply starting on a blank line Note that duplicate tree numbers will be rejected by the system with the message shown below If on the form there are for example two tree 12 s for whatever reason renumber them as 120 and 121 on entry It is a good idea to add a note about this under the Plot tab if it occurs eg two tree 12 s renumbered 120 121 The changes you requested to the table were not successful because they would create duplicate values in the A index primary key or relationship Change the data in the Field or Fields that contain duplicate data remove the index or redefine the index to permit duplicate entries and try again seo Other data tab The Other data tab provides for data on Stumps NTFPs and Animals as shown below ES Gemform 7 00 Management Inventory Data Entry E Demonstration Inventory based on Iwokrama 2003 Survey m Select Teenaa Plot Transect Plot Tr
22. e that a project is selected before they will operate The project will remain selected until either it is changed or the program halts with an error message In the latter case you will need to re select the project Using any menu for which a project is required when one has not been set will bring up the message Please select a project first 5 E List of Projects Creating a new project Clicking on the new project button will create an entry with the title new project Double click on this to select Note that the project title and other details cannot be edited on the List of Projects Project title Demonstration Inventory based on lwokrama 2003 Survey WALL Pre harvest Surveys double click on a project to view detalle and select tt Hew Project Deleting a project An empty project which does not contain any inventory or stock survey data can be e eno Esta deleted from this list Right click over the VW GL Pre harvest Surveys list and a popup menu will appear with a ee A Sot escendra Delete record option Click on that to delete the selected record E List of Projects Sort Descending double click on a project to view details a Wy isla GX Remove Filter Sort EA Delete Record Trying to delete a project that contains data will have no effect A system message will come up rejecting the attempted deletion Export Ss Print If you do need to remove a project that contains data then use
23. ect button is another way of deleting a project that contains no inventory or stock survey data It will not function if the project has data Exporting projects The Export menu allows a copy of the project data together with all necessary supporting files to be made as an Access database This can be useful if you wish to set up an installation of GEMFORM for a company by providing them with an empty database except for their own data or perhaps a small demonstration dataset Additionally after export the entire project including any data can be deleted from the master database This can be useful for archival purposes for old or abandoned projects When the export menu is selected a file explorer window will come up Find the target directory for the file and type in the desired name for the export file You may also select an existing file which will be overwritten the data is not appended to an existing file and any data in it will be lost A dialog will then come up as per the E semform 1 00 The current project Demonstration Inventory based on Iwokrama 2003 Survey will example shown Select Keep to make a copy be exported to C Documents and Settings denis My o iis Documents GuyanalZ007 Semformitest2 mdb Do you want to KEEF or REMOVE the of the project but keep the original 1n the project from the present database after export master database Select Remove to delete the Cancel Remove project from the mast
24. ed output and should be short 15 The icons at the bottom of a form provide for the following actions IT Any empty schemes or groups will be removed from the drop down lists and deleted Note that when the form is closed empty schemes and groups are always deleted Brings up a printable report also exportable to Word or Excel showing the groups and the species in them for a given scheme lt Closes the form The action is the same as the close button at the top right of the window All changes are saved except as noted that empty groups or schemes with no species assigned will disappear Import The Import menu allows existing datasets to be GEMFORM imported into Gemform Two kinds of data can be Project imported either management inventory data or pre harvest stock surveys Inputs Outputs Help Inventory Pre harvest Compartments Species List Species Groups Inventory database Inventory database Management inventory data can be imported via the Pre harvest spreadsheet Inventory database menu This must be in the format l of the Iwokrama inventory database These are Access files which when opened in Access will show a set of tables with the appearance shown below 8 BCL data2005 15 Database Access 2000 fi 2 BX Whenthe inventon deberia Gemform will check if the current project is empty dt_yStump If not it will give a warning mess
25. ees Other data 1 A No Species Diam Ht Stumps 4 3 4 5 NIFPs 6 T a Mo NTFP species Host tree Harvest a 1 Nibbi kaditiri O El A O El Animals No Type Seen No Indiv Indication Animal name ct q1 Terrestrial L track _7 White lip peccary ll gt Add Transect Delete Transect Add Plot Delete Plot The data are entered as recorded on the form For NTFP species Host Tree Animal indication and name flexible drop downs are provided that can be used either to select from a previous entry or overtyped with a new name As with the Trees tab the No field must always be unique otherwise an error message will result Pre harvest stock survey data Blocks tab When Pre harvest is selected from the Input menu the screen form shown below will appear This functions in a similar way to the Inventory input form For a new project the Block and Strip lists will initially be empty It is necessary first to add a Block and then to add a Strip before entering any data The block names can be edited initially a new block will be called new Block names should typically have the form 1 A up to 99 ZZ ie One or two numbers a hyphen and one or two letters but the system does not require this format Strips are always numbered sequentially and must be numeric The Compartment or Management Unit will be selected from the drop down list The list of compartments for this project can be set via the Compartments
26. el for forecasting sustainable yield and Annual Allowable Cut This model builds on work done by the author for GFC in 2000 and 2001 and incorporated into earlier Excel based versions of Gemform Pre harvest survey data is also catered for This is organised by blocks and then by trees The method can accept two types of survey based either on two lines per strip with tree position estimated from these edge lines or one central line per strip with positions offset from this The latter is noted as less accurate both because of the wider strips normally employed and the lack of a definite edge to the survey strip Survey data also includes entry of terrain features of relevance to skid trail design such as streams embankments rock outcrops steep slopes etc Pre harvest survey analysis is currently limited to stock table outputs again flexible in format giving volume and tree numbers by size classes or above total size limits Further work will build on this to produce ArcView compatible shape files of stock maps and skid trail plans The existing version Gemform 7 0 described in this guide is now operational It will be progressively upgraded during the balance of the year with new facilities and will also be converted to use SOL Server rather than Access as the back end database for better data security and speed as the database becomes larger 11 Contents Introduction 1 Installation 1 a Tees 1a 0 oa 1 cc A e a 2 al late i
27. emform 7 00 Management Inventory Data Entry Demonstration Inventory based on Iwokrama 2003 Survey Select Transect Flot Transect Plot Trees Other data Tranzect Flot Crew Leader Date Distance Bearing 4 1 El 01 Oct 02 Oo m 90 Forest Type MFE Disturbance 4 Soil type CL Canopy Aspect o amp Motes 4dd Transect Delete Transect Add Plot Delete Plot Under the Plots tab are recorded the various details of the plot The measurement Crew Leader the Date enumerated distance from the start of the transect and bearing of the transect line This latter seems redundant for straight transects but has been provided in the past so is included here Forest type disturbance soil type canopy closure and aspect are all selected from dropdown menus giving standard options Note that none of these entries should be left blank The Notes field can be used to record an peculiarities at the plot All these data should be recorded according to GFC published procedures and using standard inventory forms Trees tab sl Gemform 7 00 Management Inventory Data Entry Demonstration Inventory based on Iwokrama 2003 Survey m Select Transect Plot Transect Plot Trees Other data 206 Tree Species Kabuk allli Wallaba ituri Kabukallli Kakaralli black T aparau ak aralli black Kamahora ak aralli black ak aralli black lteballi Kakaralli black 12 Weallaba ituri Eee
28. er database once it has been exported Cancel will abort the function without any action taking place The operation will then proceed A dialog box with File exported successfully will come up on completion On a network database the process could take several minutes and should not be interrupted by for example opening other Gemform menus but allowed to finish Inputs Management or strategic inventory The Inventory menu under Inputs will bring up the following screen form Es Gemform 7 00 Management Inventory Data Entry E Demonstration Inventory based on Iwokrama 2003 Survey m Select TSP SSE Plot Transect Plot Trees Other data Transect CompartmentZone if applicable Field team leader Survey date 4 Mixed Forest on Brown Sand Latertic EE 10 Jan 02 Notes GPS Easting Northing Distance Description of location wappomnta 291375 472500 Stark of transect T Add Transect Delete Transect Add Plot Delete Plot It is necessary to select first a Transect and then a Plot from the lists at the left For a completely new project click Add Transect select it and fill in the details Then click Add Plot to add the first plot Select it and at this point the Plot Trees and Other data tabs will be enabled Transects tab The Compartment Zone options shown in the drop down list will be taken from the compartment list for the project as described below under the Compartments heading The n
29. l database is moved or re named It does My Recent NETA not need to be done unless the error message appears Deskto i _ File name GemData My Network Files of type Gemforn databases Cancel Flaces My Computer l Open as read only Program control Control functions on the Project menu GEMFORM There are several program control functions grouped under the Project menu as shown at the right These include Reset Link Database Access Menus and Exit Outputs Project Inputs Select Details Export Link Database The Link Database function has been described above It can be used at any time to change the linked database on which Gemform is working Access Menus Reset function The Reset function essentially restarts Gemform It can be used after the program has halted for any reason This will usually happen after an error message It can also be used after moving to the Access menus to restore the menu bar and usual appearance Exit Access menus This option will hide the Gemform menu and restore the normal appearance of Access This may be GEMFORM File Edit View Insert Tools Window Help Database os 8 2 useful for viewing or editing any of Bina ia Ba ie Web Ed the tables directly When the Access e Gemform Database Access Customize menus are present then right as open bf Design Mew 3 Es efe
30. leso potes loro AE o o A heute oie E toeayriatele es 3 Program control 3 Control tuncnons On tne Project MA aaa ad 3 FRE SSMU COM a 3 ACCESS MENS oe 4 E EE E E AE aac E ES L pact eset acca oe ee cece eee at eo hat ce ena gic EE at aera one antes 4 Projects 4 What Sia Or Ol CC 7 tcton tales laicidad 4 DCISGCUING a projo OP Pe PP tact S E pice ooetenac mca eon eaace 4 creating a new Droe Rete ene eee 4 Deleng a PrOjEC oendaa ld o 5 Projo CH CCAS a E E dodo oia 5 EXPONO DTO COS a eee 5 Inputs AAA Management or strategic INVentOry ici a a ia lic 6 O iia GVO TAO oss stp van O CO T E O VI Fe o ener ge A e EE R ne ra ee 8 MR Pr sacle canada Ba T lsc sda Aiea aban saliatacedibeutenammuceaniee 9 Pre harvest Stock SUIVeV dala siria 9 POC TI aea EA E E AE E ae Nc es O A 9 D E A E E 11 A A A ae Sa A ce is SA le aay 11 C RA 13 COMPARMEM Si ti ion 13 Species EC A qn PP iaetetecaiee sinned sadsomasuteioeeweedecaeeestteedeoe 14 E A ante tonic ates aa aa a AN scte shoot ec eee trees dae 14 A ee Nec cane aati els ei ee 16 Venon CALA ias 16 Outputs 18 MONTO Nun a A vee rns errr rey cee as 18 Stand UA OS ee seria rada nies denancmtee Maecenas 19 LU LECE ROL CIC 02 1 Ane re nee nee e o O o 20 O 20 Fae COUS eea tac acter seas A ea RS Ca ade Te 20 SPAN CAUOM ANG ASS ies ia slices e SA o es 20 SAVIO OOS Sha rs 21 AS Hho fa eT dyi 2 ears ene ene eee tr ae nee Rent fener reo Rene rosarios atasca 21 Mana dE CODINA aii 22 A e Ed 22 A
31. llows the typical model of a Microsoft Access application It comprises a front end application GEMFORM7 MDB and a back end database GEMDATA MDB Other databases provided they have the same format as GEMDATA MDB can be linked instead but for this documentation we will refer only to GEMDATA MDB These files together with a copy of this guide GEMGUIDE PDF are available for download from the Internet as a ZIP package at the author s website http www bio met co uk guyana gemform zip File size is approximately 2 MB This file is password restricted A live version also exists on the GFC network Currently this is located in the directory G Gemform but could be moved or the G drive renamed at the discretion of the GFC Network Administrator Access permissions would depend on username It is important to note that the central database file GEMDATA MDB should always reside on the shared network drive and never be copied to a local drive for working purposes with real data Otherwise different incompatible versions of the database will be created leading to all sorts of severe problems in data management On the other hand the application GEMFORM7 MDB can be used directly from the network drive or copied to a local drive The latter will be found to be more efficient if the system is busy When GEMFORM7 is being run from the network drive two users with the same username cannot use the program at the same time
32. menu The Survey Method drop down gives two options 1 Tree offsets taken from nearest line each side of strip 2 Tree offsets taken from central line down strip These two methods are illustrated in the diagram below pre harvest survey methods Method 1 uses lines 50 m apart with tree spotters moving between the lines and giving offsets from each edge The strip is between the lines E Gemform 7 00 Pre Harvest Survey Data Entry WWGL Pre harvest Surveys E Select Block Strip DH 35H Block Compartment or Management Unit Field team leader Survey date 36 4 34 H Compartment 4 bl Al 13 Jan 05 Survey method Tree offsets taken from nearest line each side of strip Ww Baseline W E m 1000 Strip width m 50 Length 5 H m 1000 Demonstration data GPS Easting Northing Distance Description of location waypoints 278250 469875 55 In gap 55 m along baseline 0 0 UTM zone EE Add Block Delete Block Add Strip Delete Strip Pre harvest Survey Methods Method 1 Method 2 Positions measured to West Positions measured to West line or East line at edge of or Eastof a centre line West West 4 es East gt nee dl ins 100 py gt 10 Method 2 uses lines 100 m apart Tree spotters move either side of the central line and estimate distances either to the West or East of the line Method 2 is clearly less accurate Estimation distances are twice as far and the edges of the strip which are the
33. midway region between lines are not well defined Trees near the edge may be counted twice or missed altogether However the method is initially cheaper with half the amount of line cutting and survey required The Block tab also records records Baseline length strip width and Length N S The baseline length is the East West size of the block Strip width is the distance between strip lines as noted above Although typically 50 or 100 m the software allows other possibilities The Length N S is North South dimension of the block The Notes field allows any other observations at the block level Note that the Terrain tab allows for a variety of site observations so these do not need to be included in the notes As with transects GPS waypoints should be recorded at the very least near the beginning and end of the baseline Ideally this would be exactly at the beginning and end but canopy density may not permit this so the distance along the baseline to the waypoint is recorded Intermediate points allow the straightness of the line to be checked and altogether they provide a check on orientation The baseline should be well located and oriented before any other work is done to avoid costly re survey Preferably the data being entered in the system should be simply validating this fact and not used to discover costly mistakes at a later date The UTM zone should also be recorded either 21 for much of Guyana or 20 for the North West
34. n in order of abundance if the sort by abundance box is ticked Otherwise they will be listed in alphabetical order of common name The measure of abundance used is percentage of total basal area Table columns ar Saree class lower bounds em Three types of columns may be selected four the table A 0 2 2 40 90 60 70 Simple diameter classes cumulative totals above a diameter minimum diameters cm or stem risk quality classes For each of these categories 9o lt B the class limits and number of classes can be defined Acceptable __ Unusable C Stem quality risk 0 1 2 gt 2 flexibly However no more than 8 classes are permitted a ee For diameter classes class lower bounds are specified The example shown will give 10 20 20 30 60 70 and 70 cm A tree exactly on the class bound will go into the higher class For example a tree of 20 cm would go into the 20 30 class not 10 20 For totals above diameters the relevant diameter boundaries are listed For stem risk the classes listed in Acceptable are shown individually whilst those in Unusable are grouped together into one class The stem risk classification also has a smallest diameter parameter Trees below the include all trees above diam value are excluded from the table Stratification and statistics There are three ways the data may be stratified for sampling error calculation By compartment by vegetation type or by transect All methods are weighted by numbers
35. ng for types of use can be defined Compartment 5 5 000 4 Compartment 4 500 M m ES by the Compartments menu which produces a list of compartments as shown New entries can be added and existing ones deleted The compartments are used as units of stratification for the inventory reports In the yield model only compartments with the Use box ticked are included The forest area of the compartment must be included for yield modelling 13 ES GEMFORM Species List Arara Arara rough skin Arara smooth skin Arikadako characters preferably letters based on the name similar to LONDIS Guattera Byrsonina glaucopetala pp gerugo amp incarnata Annonaceae Annonaceae Malpighiaceae o co Speci es List Models Trees Common name Genus Species Family vol Incr in data The Species List menu brings Adebero Paypayrola guianensiz amp longifolia Violaceae A A 4 Adeboro U JE up the table shown at the Aiomoradan Parinari excelsa Cfeysobalanacege U E 59 ri gh t U sers can a d d e d i t or Peor Pouteria dadantha Sapotaceae z 25 delete species from the list Lai comes E Almond gale Aniba atriFotia Lauraceae F IF 2 A few points should be Alshibali U E 0 Amonai Baste obogciada Palmae U JE 1 note d Antswood Cordia nodosa Soraginaceae c ic 0 Apoukito U E 1 Arara broad leaf Unonopals 3pp Annonaceae A A 7 Code should always be 5 Arara fine leaf Bocageopais multiflora Annonaceae B B 2 U B 9 U B B B 4 A P P
36. pecies rows A which controls the layout of the Ml be minimum diameters cm FZ Print table for each stratum Totals above diameter 10 35 55 A in ist stand table When the required as T Show sampling statistics Acceptable Unusable options have been set the ok ds CIstemquaiy ina 012 F button will then bring up the F sort by abundance include all tees above diam 35 Conce report in a style similar to that shown below Demonstration Inventory based on Iwokrama 2003 Survey Trees km2 by diameter classes cm Species 10 20 20 30 30 400 4050 5040 60 70 70 Total SE Forest Total 867 plots Major Commercial Species Barma 1 003 d2 190 108 de 16 2 1 790 13 1 Mara 53 190 Ef fd 95 fils 170 1 202 43 00 amara 66g geo 121 E ae 14 12 1 128 20 0 Crabwood 375 213 92 25 E Fa es 20 0 Barmah sand 185 104 44 20 10 3 1 367 65 970 METE 98 de 33 ae 33 22 44 315 39 2 Shibadan 63 ES 20 18 10 2 3 131 60 0 Siverbalt ef At 13 140 111 0 Greenheart At 23 2 18 9 16 13 122 600 6 Pureheart saka 12 23 40 6 E 3 98 220 2 Purpleheart 12 14 3 3 5 3 40 70 4 Locust E 5 10 1170 5 Baromallt swamp G E 5 E E Subtotal for species group 3 062 1 373 637 364 203 171 251 6 111 Samling eror 26 10 20 13 7 16 4 12 20 15 20 19 90 19 1 FAY Other spp Ali oiher species 16 923 4 52 1 467 608 262 186 1b 23354 2 070 Subtotal for species group 15 923 4 752 1 467 608 262 186 157 23354 Samping ertor Fa 4 50 6 9 11 4 10 40
37. ping a new name in the Species group name This will give the option of renaming an existing group if there is one or starting a new group Species are assigned to groups by selecting them in the right hand list and clicking the left arrow button to move them into the left hand list Several species can be selected at once using the conventional Windows selection keys Shift left mouse button selects everything from the last selection Ctrl left mouse button selects or de selects individual entries The right arrow button similarly allows species to be removed from a group Species can be copied from a group in another scheme Selecting a group from the Copy species drop down at the bottom of the form will copy all species in that group into the present group Species cannot occur twice in more than one group This is taken care of automatically and one can be relaxed about moving species around between groups It is possible to have a group consisting of a single species This might be useful for common premium species such as Greenheart Many species will remain outside any group and will be unclassified In the various outputs such species are lumped together as other species It is important for a scheme to be consistent and relevant with the objectives of management for a particular projects Group names should also be suitably capitalised and formatted for appearance on reports The name of the scheme does not appear on any print
38. possible to show either conventional diameter classes or totals os above given diameter The table can give total stem numbers or total volume on the survey block Measure of Quantity Total Volume Y Species may be sorted by name or with the most abundant first minimum diameters cm f Totals above diameter fao 40 50 W sot most common species first Cancel OF There is also a block selection list which will show all the blocks in the project Volumes in the stock survey are calculated differently to the inventory as they include estimated log height An average form factor based on volumes from the CIDA IFP volume studies is used of 0 63 Volume is therefore estimated as v f k d2 h Where v is tree log volume d is dbh in cm h is log length in m f is the form factor of 0 63 k is 0 00007854 or 11 40 000 If a project is selected which does not have any pre harvest data then the block list will appear blank 24 Further Developments Gemform 7 0 is an interim version of what is intended to be an integrated package including also post harvest silvicultural surveys and permanents sample plots The pre harvested facilities will also be enhanced to assist stock mapping and skid trail planning The following schedule of developments is proposed over the next 6 months Stock mapping and skid trail Using the ESRI MapObjects software library a form will be planning added that can represent pre harvest surve
39. re a very broad and extensive set of groups Many of the species in these might in practice be reckoned to be of little real commercial value A large operational timber company would be focussed on a few high valued timbers for which it has current contracts 14 E GEMFORM Species Group Editor Once a grouping scheme has been created it is associated with a CA project via the Project Details menu ea pecies group name The grouping scheme for a project Bawg ee er Aiomorakushi can be modified at any time List of species in this group karaka Scheme Name If no scheme is assigned to a project some outputs will not work properly The inventory monitoring Arara broad leaf report Outputs Monitoring needs a Arara Fine leaf re Arara rough skin scheme in order to estimate Arara smooth skin sampling error for classified species pica e as distinct from sampling error for i all species The stand tables reports can group species or they can Kurokai common provide ungrouped results For B Y Asepokaball fine leaf v grouped tables a species grouping Copy species from group in another scheme a ps G heart scheme needs to be defined EE E al a w A scheme is created by simply typing in a new name in the Scheme box see screen form above The system will ask Do you want to create a new scheme If the answer is no nothing is done If yes then a new empty scheme is started New groups are added similarly by ty
40. t ict fo hode wn oan Y the foreseeable future Logging method Normal Total area in management plan ha fein This is done by re Diameter limit gcm 40 T Annual coupe area ha EN stricting harvesting toa Group select Annual coupe in km2 blocks 32 level that will be fully i Major Commercial Species 7 aaa ies Species oF Met Recruits Met Stack Harvest Yield Harvest AAC BA nha niha niha ma ha nr m r Moral 7 5 2 21 3 40 2 21 15 69 6 869 48 782 Baromall 4 0 3 47 1 66 1 66 12 47 5151 30 775 Wiamara Do 0 84 1 02 0 84 6 66 2 618 20 708 Kabukallli LIO 1 09 1 39 1 09 5 50 3 306 17 120 Crabwood 1 3 0 05 0 26 0 26 4 25 al 13 229 Baromalli sand 0 9 0 23 0 34 0 28 2 33 a56 745 Greenheart 0 8 0 43 0 58 0 43 1 96 6 092 Shibadan 0 67 0 46 0 34 0 34 fier 7 05 Purpleheart saka 0 4 0 25 0 20 0 20 1 26 3 930 Purpleheart 0 3 0 13 0 16 0 13 0 93 2 594 Locust 0 1 0 05 0 05 0 05 0 25 7 i tat replaced by recruit trees after allowance for mortality and log ging damage The harvest level is given in practical terms that can be related to man agement and control a E E a a a E a E a a The Sustained Yield menu will produce the option screen shown at the right Total for 11 harvested species 20 8 i 25 319 166 608 On this screen the 21 following details may be noted Management options Management options The felling cycle and minimum diameter limit may be varied as Feling Cycle yrs f5 gt req
41. uired within the limits imposed by the drop down menus Logging method Normal The model results will update as the values are changed Diameter limit cm 40 z Two logging methods are listed Normal and Reduced impact In various publications the author has discussed the results of various logging trials as they may be represented as rules of thumb Basically for conventional logging for every m2 ha extracted another m2 ha of the residual stand will be damaged and will die over the following 10 15 years We classify this as a damage ratio of 1 BA damaged BA logged For reduced impact logging the equivalent damage factor is reduced and may be taken as a rule of thumb as 0 6 The drop down boxes therefore apply a factor of 1 0 for normal logging and 0 6 for reduced impact logging For background information on this and other modelling aspects see for example Alder et al 2002 Alder amp Silva 2000 Alder 1999 1998 1995 and related publications on the author s website http www bio met co uk as well as publications specifically related to Gemform Alder 2000 2002 Plan area The plan area shows the forest area covered by the model plan area as a total area and annual coupe expressed both in ha and compartment List Tick to include i plan a e in km blocks The annual coupe is the total area divided Total area in management plan ha PZ750 by the felling cycle These data cannot be edited but are fered rege CN pi
42. ys as a tree map and impose on it potential skid trail layouts The stock map and skid trails will be output as shape files to enable high quality publication through GFCs GIS unit Conversion of the back end The back end database GemData is currently in Access This database to SQL Server has limitations both in terms of data security see red lined paragraph on page 2 and speed as the database gets larger As GFC is using Microsoft SQL Server the backend database will be converted to this format for better performance and security Access is mostly compatible with SQL Server PSP data entry and analysis Modules will be added to enter PSP data and produces analyses of growth and mortality rates The current GFC PSP datasets will be loaded as a part of this module Post harvest survey data entry Post harvest data processing currently provided by the Excel and analysis Silvicultural Survey macros will be converted to become part of Gemform Any feedback from users of the present system in terms of problems or suggestions for improvements or different layouts for reports will be very helpful during this devevlopment process The author can be contacted by email on denis bio met co uk 25 References Alder D 1980 Forest Volume Estimation and Yield Prediction Vol 2 Yield Prediction FAO Forestry paper 22 2 194 pp Alder D 2001 GEMFORM Forestry software for stand tables and yield projections in Guyana DFID Guyana Forestry
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