Service Manual - SUNNY TRIPOWER 20000TL
Contents
1. Update main CPU The inverter is updating the inverter component Update RS485l module The inverter is updating the corresponding component Update Speedwire The inverter is updating the corresponding component Webconnect update The inverter is updating the corresponding component Update language table The inverter is updating the corresponding component Update completed The inverter has successfully completed the update Grid parameter unchanged The selected rotary switch position is not assigned or the grid param eters cannot be changed Inst code valid The entered Grid Guard code is valid Protected parameters have now been unlocked and you can adjust the parameters The param eters will be automatically locked again after ten feed in hours Selftest The self test is being carried out Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 11 4 Troubleshooting SMA Solar Technology AG 4 2 Error Messages The communication product e g Sunny Explorer displays the warnings and errors that apply to the inverter the utility grid or the PV array The warning or error is identified by an event number and the corresponding message Event number Message cause and corrective measures 101 to 103 Grid fault The grid voltage or grid impedance at the connection point of the inverter is too high The inverter has disconnected from the utility grid Corrective measures Check2. 9 Recommission the inverter see Section 11 page 35 34 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 11 Recommissioning the Inverter 11 Recommissioning the Inverter If you have disconnected the inverter from all voltage sources e g for configuration purposes and want to recommission it proceed as follows Requirements L1 The inverter must be correctly mounted L1 The DC connectors must be correctly assembled O The AC cable must be connected correctly Procedure 1 Make sure that the AC cable is routed so that it cannot be damaged by the partition in the 2 lower enclosure lid Connect the assembled DC connectors to the inverter M The DC connectors snap into place Insert the lower enclosure lid from above and fold it down The screws must protrude from the lower enclosure lid Tighten all six screws with an Allen key AF 3 in the order 1 to 6 torque 2 0 Nm 0 3 Nm By tightening the screws in the prescribed order you avoid warping the enclosure lid which would keep it from sealing correctly Useful hint If the screws fall out of the lower enclosure lid insert the long screw into the lower middle hole and the five short screws into the other holes Service Manual Seal all unused DC inputs using the DC connectors with sealing plugs STP20 25TL SG en 10 35 11 Recommissioning the Inverter SMA Solar Technology AG 6 Set the DC load break switch to po
3. 2 Safety 6 Unscrew the two screws on the DC load break switch using an Allen key AF 3 7 Pull the DC load break switch down and out of the recess 8 Remove all six screws from the lower enclosure lid using an Allen key AF 3 9 Lift and remove the lower enclosure lid from below 10 A CAUTION Risk of burns when touching the DC protective cover The DC protective cover can get hot during operation Do not touch the DC protective cover 8 STP20 25TLSG en 10 SMA Solar Technology AG Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 2 Safety TH 12 13 Release and remove all DC connectors Insert a slotted screwdriver or an angled screwdriver blade width 3 5 mm into one of the slide slots and pull the DC connectors out downwards Do not pull on the cable Use an appropriate measuring device to ensure that no voltage is present at the AC connecting terminal plate between L1 and N L2 and N and L3 and N Insert the test probe of the multimeter into the round opening of the terminal Use an appropriate measuring device to ensure that no voltage is present at the AC connecting terminal plate between L1 and PE L2 and PE and L3 and PE Insert the test probe into the round opening of each terminal Ensure that no voltage is present between any terminal of the multifunction relay and PE of the AC connecting terminal plate A DANGER Danger to life due to high voltages in the inverter
4. Service Manual SUNNY TRIPOWER 20000TL 25000TL ss STP20 25TL SG en 10 Version 1 0 AMERICAN ENGLISH Legal Provisions SMA Solar Technology AG Legal Provisions The information contained in these documents is property of SMA Solar Technology AG Any publication whether in whole or in part requires prior written approval by SMA Solar Technology AG Internal reproduction used solely for the purpose of product evaluation or other proper use is allowed and does not require prior approval SMA Warranty You can download the current warranty conditions from the Internet at www SMA Solar com Trademarks All trademarks are recognized even if not explicitly identified as such A lack of identification does not mean that a product or symbol is not trademarked The BLUETOOTH word mark and logos are registered trademarks of Bluetooth SIG Inc and any use of these marks by SMA Solar Technology AG is under license Modbus is a registered trademark of Schneider Electric and is licensed by the Modbus Organization Inc QR Code is a registered trademark of DENSO WAVE INCORPORATED Phillips and Pozidriv are registered trademarks of Phillips Screw Company Torx is a registered trademark of Acument Global Technologies Inc SMA Solar Technology AG Sonnenallee 1 34266 Niestetal Germany Tel 49 561 9522 0 Fax 49 561 9522 100 www SMA de E mail info SMA de 2004 to 2014 SMA Solar Technology AG All rights r
5. The capacitors in the inverter take 20 minutes to discharge Wait 20 minutes before opening the upper enclosure lid e Do not open the DC protective cover NOTICE Damage to the inverter due to electrostatic discharge Touching electronic components can cause damage to or destroy the inverter through electrostatic discharge Ground yourself before touching any component Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 9 3 Cleaning the Inverter SMA Solar Technology AG 3 Cleaning the Inverter NOTICE Damage to the inverter due to the use of cleaning agents e If the inverter is dirty clean the enclosure the enclosure lid the type label and the LEDs using only clean water and a cloth 10 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 4 Troubleshooting 4 Troubleshooting 4 1 Event Messages Message Update file OK Cause The update file found is valid Set parameter The parameter change has been adopted Parameters set successfully Memory card is being read The parameter changes were successfully adopted Memory card is being searched for update file and the update file is being checked No new update on the memory card An update file that has already been used is on the memory card Grid parameter locked The parameters are locked and you cannot change them Update communication The inverter is updating the communication component
6. 6 torque 6 Nm 0 3 Nm The teeth on the conical spring washers must face the enclosure lid Mount the defective lower enclosure lid of the inverter on the replacement device Insert the lower enclosure lid from above and flip it down The screws must protrude from the lower enclosure lid STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 12 Procedure for Receiving a Replacement Device 16 Tighten all six screws in the lower enclosure lid with an Allen key AF 3 in the order 1 to 6 torque 2 Nm 0 3 Nm By tightening the screws in the prescribed order you avoid warping the lid which would keep it from sealing correctly Useful hint If the screws fall out of the lower enclosure lid insert the long screw into the lower middle hole and the five short screws into the other holes 17 Mount the DC load break switch on the replacement unit e Set the DC load break switch to the position O so that both mounting screws are visible Insert the DC load break switch firmly into the recess on the inverter The DC load break switch must remain at position O and be aligned so that the screws are positioned over the threads Tighten the two screws using an Allen key AF 3 torque 2 Nm 0 2 Nm 18 Turn the DC load break switch of the inverter to the position I Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 41 12 Procedure for Receiving a Replacement Device SMA Solar Technology AG 19 Switch on the circui
7. If the grid operator gives its approval discuss any changes to the operating parameters with the SMA Service Line 601 Grid fault The inverter has detected an excessively high proportion of direct current in the grid current Corrective measures 1 Check the grid connection for direct current 2 If this message is displayed frequently contact the grid operator and check whether the monitoring threshold on the inverter can be raised Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 13 4 Troubleshooting Event number 701 SMA Solar Technology AG Message cause and corrective measures Frequency not permitted gt Check parameter The power frequency is not within the permissible range The inverter has dis connected from the utility grid Corrective measures If possible check the power frequency and observe how often fluctuations occur If fluctuations occur frequently and this message is displayed often contact the grid operator The grid operator must approve changes to the operating parameters of the inverter If the grid operator gives its approval discuss any changes to the operating parameters with the SMA Service line 1302 Waiting for grid voltage gt Installation failure grid connection gt Check grid and fuses The inverter has detected an error in the AC cabling The inverter cannot con nect to the utility grid Corrective measures 1 Ensure that the AC connection is correct see the operating manual
8. are missing the inverter is no longer protected against overvoltage Do not operate the inverter without varistors in PV systems with a high risk of overvoltages Do not recommission the inverter until the defective varistors have been replaced 1 7 DANGER Danger to life due to high voltages e Disconnect the inverter from all voltage sources see Section 2 2 page 7 Wait 20 minutes before removing the upper enclosure lid to allow residual voltages to discharge 2 Loosen the screws on the upper enclosure lid using an Allen key AF 4 and remove the enclosure lid 3 Insert the insertion tool into the clamping A Ad p um contacts of the connecting terminal plate Le 3 4 Remove the varistor from the connecting terminal plate Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 33 10 Replacing the Varistors SMA Solar Technology AG 5 Insert the new varistor into the connecting terminal plate The labeling on the varistor must s face the insertion tool p mu ail A 6 Remove the insertion tool from the clamping contacts of the connecting terminal plate 7 Position the DC protective cover at the upper edge flip it down and fasten it torque 3 5 Nm 8 Position the upper enclosure lid with the six screws and conical spring washers on the enclosure and tighten it using an Allen key AF 4 in the order 1 to 6 torque 6 Nm 0 3 Nm The teeth on the conical spring washers must face the enclosure lid
9. for inverter at www SMA Solar com 2 Ensure that the country data set has been configured correctly Select the parameter Set country standard or CntrySet and check its value 1501 Reconnection fault grid The changed country data set or the value of a parameter you have set does not correspond to the local requirements The inverter cannot connect to the utility grid Corrective measures Ensure that the country data set has been configured correctly Select the parameter Set country standard or CntrySet and check its value 3301 Unstable operation gt Generator output too low There is not enough power at the DC input of the inverter for stable operation This may be caused by snow on the PV modules or insufficient irradiation The inverter interrupts feed in operation and can no longer connect to the utility grid Corrective measures 1 If irradiation is too low wait for it to increase 2 If this message is displayed frequently ensure that the PV array has been correctly rated and wired 14 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 4 Troubleshooting Event number 3302 3303 Message cause and corrective measures Unstable operation gt Abort self test There is not enough power at the DC input of the inverter for stable operation This may be caused by snow on the PV modules or insufficient irradiation The inverter interrupts feed in operation and can no longer connect to the utility grid Corrective
10. measures 1 If irradiation is too low wait for it to increase 2 If this message is displayed frequently ensure that the PV array has been correctly rated and wired Unstable operation gt Data storage blocked There is not enough power at the DC input of the inverter for stable operation This may be caused by snow on the PV modules or insufficient irradiation The inverter interrupts feed in operation and can no longer connect to the utility grid Corrective measures 1 If irradiation is too low wait for it to increase 2 If this message is displayed frequently ensure that the PV array has been correctly rated and wired 3401 to 3402 DC overvoltage gt Disconnect PV array Overvoltage at the DC input This can destroy the inverter Corrective measures 1 Immediately disconnect the inverter from all voltage sources see Section 2 2 page 7 2 Check whether the DC voltage is below the maximum input voltage of the inverter If the DC voltage is below the maximum input voltage of the inverter reconnect the DC connectors to the inverter If the DC voltage is above the maximum input voltage of the inverter ensure that the PV array has been correctly rated or contact the installer of the PV array 3 If this message is repeated frequently contact the SMA Service Line 3501 Insulation resistance gt Check generator The inverter has detected a ground fault in the PV array Corrective measures Check the PV system f
11. memory card folder Select the folder NUPDATE 7201 to 7202 Data storage not poss Internal error The inverter continues to feed into the utility grid Corrective measures e Contact the SMA Service Line 7303 Update main CPU failed The cause must be determined by the SMA Service line Corrective measures Contact the SMA Service Line 7305 Update RS4851 module failed Update of RS485i module failed Corrective measures Retry update e Ifthe error recurs contact the SMA Service Line 7311 Update language table failed Updating the language table failed Corrective measures e Retry update e Ifthe error recurs contact the SMA Service Line 18 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 4 Troubleshooting Event number 7316 7326 Message cause and corrective measures Update Speedwire module failed Updating the Speedwire module failed Corrective measures Retry update e Ifthe error recurs contact the SMA Service Line Webconnect update failed Update of Webconnect module failed Corrective measures Retry update e Ifthe error recurs contact the SMA Service Line 7701 to 7703 Self diagnosis gt Interference of device The cause must be determined by the SMA Service Line Corrective measures Contact the SMA Service Line 8001 Derating occurred The inverter has reduced its power output for more than ten minutes due to ex cessive
12. the PV System for Ground Faults IF the inverter displays the event numbers 3501 3601 or 3701 there could be a ground fault The electrical insulation from the PV system to ground is defective or insufficient A WARNING Danger to life due to electric shock In the event of a ground fault high voltages can be present Touch the cables of the PV array on the insulation only Do not touch any parts of the substructure or frame of the PV array e Do not connect PV strings with ground faults to the inverter NOTICE Destruction of the measuring device due to overvoltage Only use measuring devices with a DC input voltage range of 1 000 V or higher Procedure In order to check the PV system for ground faults perform the following actions in the prescribed order The exact procedure is described in the sections below Check the PV system for ground faults by measuring the voltage If the voltage measurement was not successful check the PV system via insulation resistance measurement for ground faults Test by Measuring the Voltage Proceed as follows to check each string in the PV system for ground faults Procedure 1 A DANGER Danger to life due to high voltages e Disconnect the inverter from all voltage sources see Section 2 2 page 7 2 Measure the voltages Measure the voltages between the positive terminal and the ground potential PE Measure the voltage between the nega
13. tool Insertion tool for replacing Insertion tool for varistors 66 0059 varistors Surge arrester type Il Type Il surge arrester for input A and input B DC SPD KIT3 10 SUNCLIX DC connector Field plug for conductor cross sections of 2 5 mm to 6 mm SUNCLIX FC6 SET Ventilation grid Ventilation grid set right and left as spare part 45 1089980 46 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 15 Contact If you have technical problems with our products contact the SMA Service Line We need the following information in order to provide you with the necessary assistance Inverter device type Inverter serial number Inverter firmware version 15 Contact e Special country specific settings of the inverter if applicable Type and quantity of PV modules connected Mounting location and altitude of the inverter g Inverter message Optional equipment e g communication products Operating mode of the multifunction relay if present Australia SMA Australia Pty Ltd Toll free for Australia 1800 SMA AUS Sydney 1800 762 287 International 61 2 9491 4200 Belgien Bel SMA Benelux BVBA SPRL 32 15 286 730 gique Belgi Mecheln Brasil Vide Espa a Espanha esko SMA Central amp Eastern Europe s r o 420 235 010 417 Praha Chile Ver Espa a Danmark Se Deutschland Tyskland Deutschland SMA Solar Technology AG Niestetal Medium P
14. 2 Remove the ventilation grids on the left hand and right hand sides and clean them Turn the rotary fastener of the ventilation grid with a flat blade screwdriver until the notch is in a vertical position Remove the ventilation grid Use a screwdriver to gently lever open the ventilation grid Clean the ventilation grid with a soft brush a paint brush or compressed air 22 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 5 Cleaning the Fans 3 NOTICE Damage to the inverter due to foreign bodies Do not remove the ventilation grids permanently otherwise foreign bodies could penetrate the enclosure 4 Wait for the fan to stop rotating 5 Press the locking tabs on the fan toward the center of the fan 6 Carefully remove the fan from the inverter 7 Release and remove the fan plug 8 NOTICE Damage to the fan due to compressed air Clean the fan only with a soft brush a paint brush or a damp cloth 9 After cleaning insert the fan plug into the pin connector until it snaps into place 10 Insert the fan into the inverter until it snaps into place 11 Attach the ventilation grids on the right hand and left hand side of the inverter Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 23 5 Cleaning the Fans SMA Solar Technology AG Reinsert the ventilation grid until it snaps into place Turn the rotary lock of the ventilation grid wi
15. 9 Pty Ltd International 27 12 643 1785 Centurion Pretoria United King SMA Solar UK Ltd 44 1908 304899 dom Milton Keynes E dda SMA Hellas AE 801 222 9 222 A0nva International 30 212 222 9 222 B nrapna Bwxre EAXada Topuna 48 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 15 Contact Ine SMA Solar Thailand Co Ltd 66 2 670 6999 nam reri SMA Technology Korea Co Ltd 82 2 520 2666 r A 971 2 234 6177 SMA Middle East LLC Alby cab E Bas all Aa gell Other countries International SMA Service Line Toll free worldwide 00800 SMA SERVICE VPE 800 762 7378423 Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 49 SMA Solar Technology
16. age 7 Wait 20 minutes before removing the DC protective cover 2 Release the screws on the DC protective cover using an Allen key AF 3 lift the DC protective cover upwards from below and remove it 3 Check whether one of the surge arresters is defective If no stripe is visible next to the type designation in the surge arrester s inspection window then the surge arrester is in good condition If a red stripe is visible next to the type designation in the surge arrester s inspection window then the surge arrester is defective SMA Solar Technology AG recommends replacing all surge arresters and the DC varistors since the cause of the failure usually affects all surge arresters to the same extent Order new surge arresters and DC varistors see Section 14 Spare Parts page 46 f new surge arresters and DC varistors are available replace all surge arresters see Section 9 page 31 and DC varistors see Section 10 page 33 Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 29 8 Checking the Function of the Surge Arresters SMA Solar Technology AG 4 Tighten all four screws on the DC protective cover with an Allen key AF 3 in the sequence 1 to 4 torque 3 Nm 0 3 Nm 5 Recommission the inverter see Section 11 page 35 30 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 9 Replacing the Surge Arrester 9 Replacing the Surge Arrester If at least one surge arrester is defective SMA Solar Technology AG
17. assemble the DC load break switch e Unscrew the two screws using an Allen key F 3 Pull the DC load break switch down and out of the recess 44 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 13 Decommissioning the Inverter e If the inverter is disassembled due to a device replacement keep the DC load break switch in a safe place until the new inverter is installed The new inverter will be delivered without DC load break switch and the present DC load break switch will be required for installation 10 Using an Allen key AF 4 unscrew the two M5x10 cylindrical screws by which the inverter is fastened to the rear panel 11 Raise the inverter to remove it from the rear panel 12 If the inverter is to be stored or shipped in packaging pack the inverter and if present the DC load break switch Use the original packaging or packaging that is suitable for the weight and dimensions of the inverter 13 Dispose of the inverter in accordance with the locally applicable disposal regulations for electronic waste Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 45 14 Spare Parts 14 Spare Parts You will find the spare parts for your product in the following overview If required these can be ordered from SMA Solar Technology AG or your distributor SMA Solar Technology AG Designation Short description SMA order number Replacement varistors Set with four thermally moni 1AA 326 000 004 tored varistors incl insertion
18. ayed frequently in the morning increase the voltage limit for starting grid feed in Change the parameter Minimum voltage input or A VStr B VStr 3 If this message is displayed frequently with medium irradiation ensure that the PV array is correctly rated 6001 to 6438 Self diagnosis gt Interference of device The cause must be determined by the SMA Service Line Corrective measures Contact the SMA Service Line 6501 to 6511 Self diagnosis gt Interference of device The inverter has switched off due to excessive temperature Corrective measures 1 Clean the fans see Section 5 page 21 2 Ensure that the inverter has sufficient ventilation 16 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 4 Troubleshooting Event number 6512 Message cause and corrective measures Minimum operating temperature not reached The inverter will only recommence grid feed in once the temperature has reached at least 25 C 6603 to 6604 Self diagnosis gt Overload The cause must be determined by the SMA Service Line Corrective measures Contact the SMA Service Line 6606 Interference of device The cause must be determined by the SMA Service Line Corrective measures Contact the SMA Service Line 6701 to 6702 Communication disturbed 6801 to 6802 Self diagnosis gt Input A defective The cause must be determined by the SMA Service line Corrective measures Contact th
19. chnology AG i Calculating the insulation resistance The expected total resistance of the PV system or of an individual string can be calculated using the following formula 1 1 1 1 Roa Ry R2 Rz The exact insulation resistance of a PV module can be obtained from the module manufacturer or the datasheet For the resistance of a PV module an average value can be assumed for thin film PV modules approximately 40 MOhm and for polycrystalline and monocrystalline PV modules approximately 50 MOhm per PV module for further information on calculating the insulation resistance see the Technical Information Insulation Resistance Riso of Non Galvanically Isolated PV Systems at www SMA Solar com Required devices O Suitable device for safe disconnection and short circuiting L1 Measuring device for insulation resistance i Device required for safe disconnection and short circuiting of the PV array The insulation resistance can only be measured with a suitable device for safe disconnection and short circuiting of the PV array If no suitable device is available the insulation measurement must not be carried out Procedure 1 Calculate the expected insulation resistance per string 2 A DANGER Danger to life due to high voltages Disconnect the inverter from all voltage sources see Section 2 2 page 7 Install the short circuit device Connect the measuring device for insulation resistance Short ci
20. e SMA Service Line 6901 to 6902 Self diagnosis gt Input B defective The cause must be determined by the SMA Service Line Corrective measures Contact the SMA Service Line 7001 to 7002 Sensor fault fan permanently on The cause must be determined by the SMA Service line Corrective measures Contact the SMA Service Line 7101 SD card defective The SD memory card is not formatted Corrective measures e Reformat the SD memory card e Resave the files to the SD memory card 7102 Parameter file not found or defective The parameter file was not found or is defective The update failed The in verter continues feeding power into the grid Corrective measures Copy the parameter file to the correct folder again Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 17 4 Troubleshooting Event number 7105 7106 SMA Solar Technology AG Message cause and corrective measures Parameter setting failed Parameters could not be set using the memory card The inverter continues feeding power into the grid Corrective measures Ensure that the parameters are set correctly Ensure that the SMA Grid Guard code is available Update file defective Update file on the memory card is defective Corrective measures e Reformat the memory card e Resave the files to the memory card 7110 No update file found No update file has been found Corrective measures Copy the update file to the
21. eserved 2 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 2 oO N O 11 12 13 14 15 Information on this Document eesessssnssssssnsnnsnenssnensnnsnensnnnes 4 1 C mto m 4 l2 Target Groups cetero brin poniente itane 4 UE e rc 4 1 4 Nomenclature etre retten 5 MISIT TI TTD 6 IN een 6 2 2 Disconnecting the Inverter from Voltage Sources 7 Cleaning the Inverter nee 10 Troubleshooting uni een 11 AI Eyen Messages E 11 4 2 Error Messages EEN 12 Cleaning the Fans san 21 5 1 Cleaning the Fan at the Bottom sssssssssiiesessesesssrreersssssrsrrereresseennn 21 5 2 Cleaning the Fan on the Left Hand Side of the Enclosure 22 Checking the Function of the Fans esses 25 Checking the PV System for Ground Faults 26 Checking the Function of the Surge Arresters 29 Replacing the Surge Arrester eese 31 Replacing the Varistors eee eee eee teen entente nen 33 Recommissioning the Inverter eese eere tnen 35 Procedure for Receiving a Replacement Device 38 Decommissioning the Inverter eesessssnssssssnsnssnsnssnensnnsnennnnnen 43 Spare Parls neu 46 Contact aussen 47 Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 3 1 Information on this Document SMA Solar Technology AG 1 Informat
22. fety regulations 2 2 Disconnecting the Inverter from Voltage Sources Prior to performing any work on the inverter always disconnect it from all voltage sources as described in this section Always adhere to the prescribed sequence NOTICE Damage to the seal of the enclosure lids in subfreezing conditions If you open the upper and lower enclosure lids in subfreezing conditions the seals on the enclosure lids can be damaged This can lead to moisture entering the inverter Do not open the inverter at ambient temperatures lower than 5 C Ifa layer of ice has formed on the seal of the lid in subfreezing conditions remove it prior to opening the enclosure lids of the inverter e g by melting the ice with warm air Observe the applicable safety regulations NOTICE Destruction of the measuring device due to overvoltage Only use measuring devices with a DC input voltage range of 1 000 V or higher Procedure 1 Disconnect the circuit breaker from all three line conductors and secure it against reconnection 2 Turn the DC load break switch to the position O 3 If the multifunction relay is used switch off any supply voltage to the load 4 Wait until the LEDs have gone out and if necessary the load connected to the multifunction relay has been switched off 5 Use a current clamp to ensure that no current is present in the DC cables Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 7
23. gh voltages e Decommission the defective inverter see Section 13 page 43 Wait 20 minutes before removing the upper enclosure lid to allow residual voltages to discharge 2 Loosen the screws on the defective inverter s upper enclosure lid using an Allen key AF 4 and remove the enclosure lid 3 Remove any installed interfaces from the defective inverter see the manual for the communication interface 4 If surge arresters are present remove the surge arresters from the defective inverter see Section 9 page 31 38 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 12 Procedure for Receiving a Replacement Device 5 Remove the DC load break switch from the defective inverter e Unscrew the two screws using an Allen key F 3 Pull the DC load break switch down and out of the recess Retain the DC load break switch as the replacement device will be fitted with the existing DC load break switch 6 On the replacement device loosen all screws on the upper transport lid with an Allen key AF 4 and remove the transport lid 7 On the replacement device loosen all screws on the lower transport lid with an Allen key AF 3 lift the transport lid from below and remove it Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 39 12 Procedure for Receiving a Replacement Device SMA Solar Technology AG 8 13 14 40 Tighten all six screws of the lower transport lid Mount the upper transport lid from the replacemen
24. ion on this Document 1 1 Validity This document describes how to rectify certain errors and how to replace defective components This document supplements the documents that are enclosed with each product and does not replace any locally applicable standards or directives Read and observe all documents supplied with the product This document is valid for the following device types e STP 20000TL 30 Sunny Tripower 20000TL e STP 25000TL 30 Sunny Tripower 25000TL 1 2 Target Group The tasks described in this document must only be performed by qualified persons Qualified persons must have the following skills Knowledge of how an inverter works and is operated Training in how to deal with the dangers and risks associated with installing and using electrical devices and installations Training in the installation and commissioning of electrical devices and installations Knowledge of the applicable standards and directives Knowledge of and compliance with this document and all safety information 1 3 Symbols Symbol Explanation A DANGER Indicates a hazardous situation which if not avoided will result in death or serious injury A WARNING Indicates a hazardous situation which if not avoided can result in death or serious injury A CAUTION Indicates a hazardous situation which if not avoided can result in minor or moderate injury NOTICE Indicates a situation which if not avoided can result i
25. lifted with a crane remove the filler plugs on the top of the inverter and screw the eye bolts into the threads Procedure 1 A DANGER Danger to life due to high voltages e Disconnect the inverter from all voltage sources see Section 2 2 page 7 2 Remove the AC cable from the inverter Press the locking levers all the way upward and pull the conductors out of the connecting terminal plate for the AC cable 3 Press down the locking levers of the connecting terminal plate for the AC cable 4 If the multi function relay or the SMA Power Control Module are used remove the connection cable from the inverter 5 If other cables e g data cables or network cables are connected remove them from the inverter Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 A3 13 Decommissioning the Inverter SMA Solar Technology AG 6 Insert the lower enclosure lid from above and fold it down The screws must protrude from the lower enclosure lid 7 Tighten all six screws with an Allen key AF 3 in the order 1 to 6 torque 2 0 Nm 0 3 Nm By tightening the screws in the prescribed order you avoid warping the lid which would keep it from sealing correctly Useful hint If the screws fall out of the lower enclosure lid insert the long screw into the lower middle hole and the five short screws into the other holes 8 A CAUTION Risk of burns due to hot enclosure parts Wait 30 minutes for the enclosure to cool down 9 Dis
26. mber 301 Message cause and corrective measures Grid fault The ten minute average value of the grid voltage is no longer within the per missible range The grid voltage or grid impedance at the connection point is too high The inverter disconnects from the utility grid to maintain power qual ity Corrective measures e Check whether the grid voltage at the connection point of the inverter is permanently in the permissible range If the grid voltage is outside the permissible range due to local grid conditions contact the grid operator The grid operator must agree with an adjustment of the voltage at the feed in point or with a change of the monitored operating limits If the grid voltage is permanently within the permissible range and this message is still displayed contact the SMA Service Line 401 to 404 Grid fault The inverter is no longer in grid parallel operation and has stopped feeding into the utility grid Corrective measures Check the grid connection for significant short term frequency fluctuations 501 Grid fault The power frequency is not within the permissible range The inverter has dis connected from the utility grid Corrective measures If possible check the power frequency and observe how often fluctuations occur If fluctuations occur frequently and this message is displayed often contact the grid operator The grid operator must approve changes to the operating parameters of the inverter
27. n property damage D Information that is important for a specific topic or goal but is not safety relevant Indicates a requirement for meeting a specific goal M Desired result x A problem that might occur 4 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 1 Information on this Document 1 4 Nomenclature Complete designation Designation in this document Sunny Tripower Inverter product Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 5 2 Safety SMA Solar Technology AG 2 Safety 2 1 Safety Information This section contains safety information that must be observed at all times when working on or with the product To prevent personal injury and property damage and to ensure long term operation of the product read this section carefully and observe all safety information at all times A DANGER Danger to life due to high voltages of the PV array When exposed to sunlight the PV array generates dangerous DC voltage which is present in the DC conductors and the live components of the inverter Touching the DC conductors or the live components can lead to lethal electric shocks If you disconnect the DC connectors from the inverter under load an electric arc may occur leading to electric shock and burns Do not touch uninsulated cable ends Do not touch the DC conductors Do not touch any live components of the inverter e Have the inverter mounted installed and commissio
28. ned only by qualified persons with the appropriate skills e If an error occurs have it rectified by qualified persons only Prior to performing any work on the inverter disconnect it from all voltage sources as described in this document see Section 2 2 Disconnecting the Inverter from Voltage Sources page 7 A DANGER Danger to life due to electric shock Touching an ungrounded PV module or array frame can cause a fatal electric shock Connect and ground the PV modules array frame and electrically conductive surfaces so that there is continuous conduction Observe the applicable local regulations A CAUTION Risk of burns due to hot enclosure parts Some parts of the enclosure can get hot during operation Do not touch any parts other than the lower enclosure lid of the inverter during operation 6 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 2 Safety NOTICE Damage to the seal of the enclosure lids in subfreezing conditions If you open the upper and lower enclosure lids in subfreezing conditions the seals on the enclosure lids can be damaged This can lead to moisture entering the inverter Do not open the inverter at ambient temperatures lower than 5 C Ifa layer of ice has formed on the seal of the lid in subfreezing conditions remove it prior to opening the enclosure lids of the inverter e g by melting the ice with warm air Observe the applicable sa
29. or ground faults see Section 7 page 26 Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 15 4 Troubleshooting Event number 3601 3701 SMA Solar Technology AG Message cause and corrective measures High leakage current gt Check PV array The leakage currents of the inverter and the PV array are too high There is a ground fault a residual current or a malfunction The inverter interrupts feed in operation immediately after exceeding a thresh old and then automatically reconnects to the utility grid If this process hap pens five times a day the inverter disconnects from the utility grid and termi nates feed in Corrective measures Check the PV system for ground faults see Section 7 page 26 Residual current too high gt Check generator The inverter has detected a residual current due to temporary grounding of the PV array Corrective measures Check the PV system for ground faults see Section 7 page 26 3801 to 3802 DC overcurrent gt Check generator Overcurrent at the DC input The inverter briefly interrupts feed in operation Corrective measures If this message is displayed frequently ensure that the PV array has been correctly rated and wired 3901 to 3902 Waiting for DC start cond gt Start conditions not met The feed in conditions for the utility grid are not yet fulfilled Corrective measures 1 If irradiation is too low wait for it to increase 2 If this message is displ
30. ower Solutions Wechselrichter 49 561 9522 1499 Kommunikation 49 561 9522 2499 SMA Online Service Center www SMA de Service Hybrid Energy Solutions Sunny Island 49 561 9522 399 PV Diesel Hybridsysteme 49 561 9522 3199 Power Plant Solutions Sunny Central 49 561 9522 299 Espa a SMA Ib rica Tecnolog a Solar S L U Barcelona Llamada gratuita en Espa a 900 14 22 22 Internacional 34 902 14 24 24 Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 47 15 Contact SMA Solar Technology AG France SMA France S A S Medium Power Solutions Lyon Onduleurs 33 472 09 04 40 Communication 33 472 09 04 41 Hybrid Energy Solutions Sunny Island 33 472 09 04 42 Power Plant Solutions Sunny Central 33 472 09 04 43 India SMA Solar India Pvt Ltd 91 22 61713888 Mumbai Italia SMA Italia S r l 39 02 8934 7299 Milano K rpog K br s BA rre EXXdda Bkz EAXada Yunanistan Luxemburg Siehe Belgien Luxembourg Voir Belgique Magyarorsz g l sd Cesko Csehorsz g Nederland zie Belgien Belgie sterreich Siehe Deutschland Per Ver Espa a Polska Patrz esko Czechy Portugal SMA Solar Technology Portugal Gratuito em Portugal 800 20 89 87 Unipessoal Lda Internacional 351 212377860 Lisboa Rom nia Vezi esko Cehia Schweiz Siehe Deutschland Slovensko pozri esko esk republika South Africa SMA Solar Technology South Africa 08600 SUNNY 08600 7866
31. rcuit the first string a Cc R w Set the test voltage The test voltage should be as close as possible to the maximum system voltage of the PV modules but must not exceed it see datasheet of the PV modules N Measure the insulation resistance co Eliminate the short circuit 9 Measure the remaining strings in the same manner If the insulation resistance of a string deviates considerably from the theoretically calculated value there is a ground fault present in the that string 10 Reconnect only those strings to the inverter from which the ground fault has been eliminated 11 Reconnect all other strings to the inverter 12 Recommission the inverter see Section 11 page 35 13 If the inverter still displays an insulation error contact the SMA Service Line The PV modules might not be suitable for the inverter in the present quantity 28 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 8 Checking the Function of the Surge Arresters 8 Checking the Function of the Surge Arresters Surge arresters are wearing parts Their functionality diminishes with age or following repeated exposure to overvoltage It is therefore possible for the surge arresters to lose their protective function over time Check the function of each surge arrester as described in the following Procedure 1 7 DANGER Danger to life due to electric shock e Disconnect the inverter from all voltage sources see Section 2 2 p
32. recommends replacing all surge arresters and the DC varistors Procedure 1 A DANGER Danger to life due to electric shock e Disconnect the inverter from all voltage sources and open the lower enclosure lid see Section 2 2 page 7 Wait 20 minutes before removing the DC protective cover 2 Release the screws of the DC protective cover using an Allen key AF 3 lift the DC protective cover upwards from below and remove it 3 Pull all surge arresters out of the slots To do so squeeze the grooved areas on the left and right sides of the surge arrester 4 Remove the red protective ring from the middle contact on the bottom of each surge arrester Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 31 SMA Solar Technology AG 9 Replacing the Surge Arrester 5 Plug the new surge arresters into the slots provided until they lock into place with the locking tabs The inspection window on each surge arrester must face to the right 7 Tighten all four screws on the DC protective cover with an Allen key AF 3 in the sequence 1 to 4 torque 3 Nm 0 3 Nm 8 Replace the varistors see Section 10 page 33 32 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 10 Replacing the Varistors 10 Replacing the Varistors SZ CG I BS Figure 2 Varistors inside the inverter NOTICE Destruction of the inverter due to overvoltage If varistors
33. sition O so that both mounting screws are visible 7 Insert the DC load break switch firmly into the recess on the inverter During this process the DC load break switch must still be in position O and aligned so that the screws are positioned over the threads 8 Fasten the two screws using an Allen key AF 3 torque 2 Nm 0 2 Nm 9 Turn the DC load break switch of the inverter to position I 36 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 11 Recommissioning the Inverter 10 Switch on the circuit breaker of all three line conductors M All three LEDs start to glow and the start up phase begins The start up phase may take several minutes M The green LED is glowing Feed in operation begins X The green LED is flashing Possible cause of error the DC input voltage is still too low or the inverter is monitoring the utility grid Once the DC input voltage is sufficiently high and the grid connection conditions are met the inverter will start operation X The red LED is glowing and an error message and event number appear in the display Eliminate the error see Section 4 Troubleshooting page 11 Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 37 12 Procedure for Receiving a Replacement Device SMA Solar Technology AG 12 Procedure for Receiving a Replacement Device Under fault conditions your inverter may need to be replaced If this is the case you will receive a replacement device fitted with
34. t breaker of all three line conductors All three LEDs start to glow and the start up phase begins The start up phase may take several minutes M The green LED is glowing Feed in operation begins X The green LED is flashing Possible cause of error the DC input voltage is still too low or the inverter is monitoring the utility grid Once the DC input voltage is sufficiently high and the grid connection conditions are met the inverter will start operation X The red LED is glowing and an error message and event number appear in the display Eliminate the error see Section 4 Troubleshooting page 11 20 Pack the defective inverter in the packaging of the replacement device and arrange with SMA Solar Technology AG for it to be picked up 42 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 13 Decommissioning the Inverter 13 Decommissioning the Inverter A CAUTION Risk of injury when lifting the inverter or if it is dropped The inverter weighs 61 kg There is risk of injury if the inverter is lifted incorrectly or dropped while being transported or when attaching it to or removing it from the wall mounting bracket Carry and lift the inverter in an upright position with several people without tilting it With one hand grasp the recessed grip and with the other hand support the top part of the enclosure This will prevent the inverter tipping forward If the inverter is to be transported and
35. t device on the defective inverter Position the upper transport lid with the six screws and conical spring washers on the enclosure of the defective enclosure and fasten it using an Allen key AF 4 in the order 1 to 6 torque 6 Nm 0 3 Nm The teeth on the conical spring washers must face the enclosure lid Mount the lower transport lid from the replacement device on the defective inverter Insert the lower transport lid from above and flip it down The screws must protrude from the lower enclosure lid with an Allen key AF 3 in the order 1 to 6 torque 2 0 Nm 0 3 Nm By tightening the screws in the prescribed order you avoid warping the lid which would keep it from sealing correctly Useful hint If the screws fall out of the lower enclosure lid insert the long screw into the lower middle hole and the five short screws into the other holes Mount the replacement device and make the electrical connections see the operating manual of the inverter If needed install interfaces in the replacement device and connect the interfaces see the interface manual If needed install a surge arrester in the replacement device see Section 9 page 31 Mount the defective upper enclosure lid of the inverter on the replacement device Position the upper enclosure lid with the six screws and conical spring washers on the defective enclosure of the inverter and fasten it using an Allen key AF 4 in the order 1 to
36. temperature Corrective measures Clean the cooling fins on the rear of the enclosure and the air ducts on the top using a soft brush Ensure that the inverter has sufficient ventilation 8101 to 8104 Communication disturbed The cause must be determined by the SMA Service Line Corrective measures e Contact the SMA Service Line 9002 Installer code invalid The SMA Grid Guard code entered is incorrect The operating parameters are still protected and cannot be changed Corrective measures Enter the correct SMA Grid Guard code Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 19 4 Troubleshooting SMA Solar Technology AG Event number Message cause and corrective measures 9003 Grid parameter locked The parameters are now locked You cannot change the parameters Corrective measures Unlock the parameters with the SMA Grid Guard code 9005 Changing grid parameters not possible gt Ensure DC supply PV power is too low for setting the country data set As soon as sufficient irra diation is available the inverter assumes the setting automatically 20 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 5 Cleaning the Fans 5 Cleaning the Fans 5 1 Cleaning the Fan at the Bottom First clean the fan at the bottom of the inverter and then clean the fan on the left hand side of the enclosure Procedure 1 7 DANGER Danger to life due to electric shock Disconnect the inverter from all
37. th a flat blade screwdriver until the slot is in a horizontal position and the arrows point to the right Ensure that the ventilation grid is securely in place 12 Recommission the inverter see Section 11 page 35 13 Check the fans to ensure that they are working properly see Section 6 page 25 24 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 6 Checking the Function of the Fans 6 Checking the Function of the Fans You can check the function of the fans by setting a parameter The basic procedure for changing operating parameters is described in the manual fo the inverter or the communication product see the operating manual of the inverter or communication product Procedure 1 Select the parameter Fan test or FanTst and set to On 2 Save settings 3 Check whether air is being drawn in through the bottom and is coming out of the upper ventilation grids and whether the fans are making any unusual noises If no air is being drawn in through the bottom no air is coming out of the ventilation grids or the fans are making unusual noises then the fans were presumably installed improperly Check whether the fans have been installed correctly If the fans were installed correctly contact the SMA Service Line 4 Select the parameter Fan test or FanTst and set to Off 5 Save settings Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 25 7 Checking the PV System for Ground Faults SMA Solar Technology AG 7 Checking
38. tive terminal and the ground potential PE Measure the voltages between the positive and negative terminals If the following results are present at the same time there is a ground fault in the PV system M All measured voltages are stable The sum of the two voltages to ground potential is approximately equal to the voltage between the positive and negative terminals f a ground fault is present determine the location of the ground fault via the ratio of the two measured voltages and eliminate the ground fault 26 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 7 Checking the PV System for Ground Faults Example Location of the ground fault The example shows a ground fault between the second and third PV module V 200 V V 300 V Eb eT 100 V 100 V n 100 V 100 V 100 V or 3 If a definite ground fault cannot be measured and the message is still displayed measure the insulation resistance 4 Reconnect the strings without ground faults to the inverter and recommission the inverter see Section 11 page 35 Test by Measuring the Insulation Resistance If the voltage measurement does not accurately indicate a ground fault the insulation resistance measurement can provide more detailed results IHS O Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the measurement Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 27 7 Checking the PV System for Ground Faults SMA Solar Te
39. two transport lids Prior to returning your inverter to SMA Solar Technology AG you must replace the upper and lower enclosure lids of your inverter with the corresponding transport lids and remove any installed accessories from the defective inverter and install them in the replacement device NOTICE Damage to the seal of the enclosure lids in subfreezing conditions If you open the upper and lower enclosure lids in subfreezing conditions the seals on the enclosure lids can be damaged This can lead to moisture entering the inverter Do not open the inverter at ambient temperatures lower than 5 C Ifa layer of ice has formed on the seal of the lid in subfreezing conditions remove it prior to opening the enclosure lids of the inverter e g by melting the ice with warm air Observe the applicable safety regulations NOTICE Damage to the inverter due to moisture and dust intrusion Dust or moisture intrusion can damage the inverter and impair its functionality Close all enclosure openings of the inverter tightly Never open the inverter when it is raining or snowing or the humidity is over 95 NOTICE Damage to the inverter due to electrostatic discharge Touching electronic components can cause damage to or destroy the inverter through electrostatic discharge Ground yourself before touching any component Procedure 1 A DANGER Danger to life due to hi
40. voltage sources see Section 2 2 Disconnecting the Inverter from Voltage Sources page 7 2 Wait for the fan to stop rotating 3 Remove the fan guard and clean it Usea screwdriver to push the two locking tabs at the righ hand edge of the fan guard to the right hand side and remove them from the retainer e Carefully remove the fan guard Clean the fan guard with a soft brush a paint brush a cloth or compressed air 4 Press the locking tabs on the fan toward the center of the fan 5 Carefully remove the fan from the inverter 6 Release and remove the fan plug Service Manual STP20 25TL SG en 10 21 5 Cleaning the Fans SMA Solar Technology AG 7 NOTICE Damage to the fan due to compressed air Clean the fan only with a soft brush a paint brush or a damp cloth 8 After cleaning insert the fan plug back into the pin connector until it snaps into place 9 Insert the fan into the inverter until it snaps into place 10 Push the fan guard into the retainer until it snaps into place 11 Clean the fan on the left hand side of the enclosure see Section 5 2 Cleaning the Fan on the Left Hand Side of the Enclosure page 22 5 2 Cleaning the Fan on the Left Hand Side of the Enclosure 1 A DANGER Danger to life due to electric shock Ensure that the inverter is disconnected from all voltage sources see Section 2 2 Disconnecting the Inverter from Voltage Sources page 7
41. whether the grid voltage at the connection point of the inverter is permanently in the permissible range If the grid voltage is outside the permissible range due to local grid conditions contact the grid operator The grid operator must agree with an adjustment of the voltage at the feed in point or with a change of the monitored operating limits If the grid voltage is permanently within the permissible range and this message is still displayed contact the SMA Service line 202 to 203 Grid fault The utility grid has been disconnected the AC cable is damaged or the grid voltage at the connection point of the inverter is too low The inverter has dis connected from the utility grid Corrective measures 1 Make sure that the circuit breaker is switched on 2 Make sure that the AC cable is not damaged 3 Make sure that the AC cable is correctly connected 4 Check whether the grid voltage at the connection point of the inverter is permanently in the permissible range If the grid voltage is outside the permissible range due to local grid conditions contact the grid operator The grid operator must agree with an adjustment of the voltage at the feed in point or with a change of the monitored operating limits If the grid voltage is permanently within the permissible range and this message is still displayed contact the SMA Service Line 12 STP20 25TL SG en 10 Service Manual SMA Solar Technology AG 4 Troubleshooting Event nu
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