OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
Contents
1. SELECT PROJECT window will not be highlighted Furthermore no additional plots and penetrations can be defined 6 Save the completed plan see paragraph 6 4 2 6 4 2 Saving the plan and closing down c Prior to closing down it is advisable to save the plan on the hard disk of the computer as this does not take place upon closing down The plan will be saved for later use or modifications see paragraph 6 4 3 Select the option Save under Plan in the menu bar Name the file and indicate in which directory to save the file The extension will be pla In case the name already exists a dialogue box opens asking if you want to replace the existing file Click Yes to replace or No to rename it To close the plan after having saved select Close under Plan in the menu bar A dialogue box will open asking whether you want to clear the plan Click Yes to close or No to cancel closing the plan will NOT be removed from the hard disk Upon closing the plan PenetroViewer can be used to create a new plan or to load an existing one 6 4 3 Opening and modifying the plan Vis Open an existing plan by selecting Open under Plan in the menu bar The PenetroViewer can hold only one plan at a time in memory If a plan has been activated and modifications have been made a dialogue box will ask you to save the current plan Select the directory containing the file with extension pla and select the file2. 7 even though the speed indicator emits signals This indicates that as the ultrasonic signals are not being received by the sensor the depth measurement has been disrupted Stop measuring without saving the data Measure again and O Make sure the penetrologger is held in a vertical position max deviation 3 59 O Make sure that during measuring no garment or anything similar gets stuck between the depth reference plate and the ultrasonic sensor O Make sure the depth reference plate is placed horizontally placed on the ground surface Make sure the sensor is dry Any moisture may affect measuring Condensation may form on the ultrasonic sensor when moving the penetrologger from a cool to a warm environment Have the penetrologger acclimatise to make sure the moist evaporates O Measuring will be prematurely interrupted when the insertion speed of the cone is too high or too low Push faster when the speed indicator at left in the display swings upward Push gently when it swings downward O During measuring the cone cannot be further inserted The cone has stricken a hard impermeable layer such as a gravelly stony layer or one containing debris Do not proceed measuring Use a smaller type of cone if the soil appears to be stiff O During measuring a low inaccurate resistance to penetration is registered the soil is weak and penetration is effortless Select a larger type of cone 12 5 PenetroViewer O Printin
3. d d MI MI MI VI Oh Oh VI Sea ee eaeeaeaeeaeaeeae ee ee H r GO w GGG dd Eh dE d Ch E E 21 9 2 4 External processing of measurements o o Save the lists as a text file ASCII with extension txt Select Save as text under Project in the menu bar The current active measuring data selected measurements or averages with standard deviation will be saved A file 12345678 txt serves as an example The dif files can be read directly in a spreadsheet The data are horizontally arranged In up to a maximum of 10 rows max 10 measurements per plot are possible 81 columns with data O 80 cm depth are presented Measuring data saved as dif file is stored as force Newton To convert the data to resistance to penetration for example with use of a spreadsheet the following formula can be used Force N resistance to penetration in megapascal P gap cone surface in cm x 100 Measuring data can also be saved as a textfile TXT Select Save as text under Project in the menu bar Here measuring data is saved as resistance to penetration in megapascal To open a textfile in for example Excel chose file open chose delimited chose Tab and Space as seperation mark and finish Make sure the decimal symbol general Windows setting is set to 9 3 Penetrologger display Select VIEW in the MAIN MENU to view the measuring results of penetrations in the penetrologger The VIEW M
4. the hardware release and the software release Serial number 1997174904 Close the window to proceed Hardware release 3 00 Software release 3 11 6 Send the plan to penetrologger using Send plan under Datalogger in the menu bar In the dialogue box you will be asked to if you want to program the logger Click Yes to send the plan or No to cancel Ce Upon sending the plan to the penetrologger all existing data the plan including existing measurement data in the penetrologger will be erased The penetrologger can only hold one plan Now the penetrologger is ready for measurement If necessary the plan can be modified in the penetrologger See 7 Using the penetrologger to program the plan 7 Remove the cable and re attach the protecting cap 7 Using the penetrologger to program the plan Programming the plan in the penetrologger has the advantage of being able to create or modify the plan in situ This is particularly convenient when the number of plots and their location or the type of cone are not known in advance As during programming parameter preferences can be set programming in the field is not too time consuming 7 1 Operation of the penetrologger The penetrologger has 7 keys with the following functions The key functions are indicated on the display in a dark text block next to the key All menu functions are listed in Appendix 2 Key Function 1 Switch on 2 Menu 3 7 Depending on the sel
5. T Pi SCH CS I L 4 TN o Ba NE SE e a ne Penetrologger During insertion of the cone the internal ultrasonic sensor of the penetrologger accurately registers the depth up to 80 cm thereby using the depth reference plate The resistance to penetration registered is saved in the internal logger of the penetrologger From these measuring data the average and standard deviation can be determined A cable between the communication port 7 and the computer allows the exchange of data between the logger and the computer The software enables the graphical and numerical display of the data on the computer and printing as well 3 Technical specifications Operational temperature 0 50 C Operational humidity IP 54 water resistant Penetrologger weight 2 9 Kg not including probing rod including batteries Set weight 15 kg Transport case dimensions 58 x 29 x 25 cm Max penetration force 1000 N Force resolution 1N Depth registration 80 cm Depth resolution 1 cm 4 Method Before any measuring using the penetrologger can take place a fieldwork plan must be drawn up see 5 Fieldwork plan A plan includes defining the fieldwork plots the number of measurements per plot and the settings of the penetrologger for example cone type and penetration speed It is possible to create or program the plan on the penetrologger see 7 Using the penetrologger to program the plan but it is more convenient to u
6. has a built in penetration speed control facility rapid and jerky penetration produces unreliable data The penetrologger method is accurate and has a wide measuring range The penetrologger is used in civil engineering soil sciences agriculture and the maintenance of sports fields parks and public gardens 1 Measuring the resistance to penetration The resistance to penetration of the soil or shallow subsoil measured by the penetrologger is a measure of compaction or the bearing capacity of the ground In civil engineering a high level of resistance to penetration can prove to be essential for the foundation of buildings or infrastructural projects In agriculture however too high a level of resistance may be problematic Too much compaction may hinder the rootage of crops or the supply of oxygen Too low a level of resistance renders insufficient bearing capacity to carry the weight of cattle or agricultural implements 1 1 Bearing capacity In agriculture the bearing capacity is crucial in view of the soil resistivity to the weight of cattle or agricultural implements In farming sufficient bearing capacity is essential for cultivation and harvesting activities In grass land management the bearing capacity is important to allow the mechanical spread of manure or fertilisers extending the grazing period or to avoid the loss of grazing surface by trampling To assess the bearing capacity a critical limit can be set for several ap
7. saving Fill in the following parameters under Plan Setup in the menu bar Company Number of plots Pen per plot Pen Speed Cone Type Type a name to a maximum of 8 characters no spaces included lower cast or upper cast The standard setting has the name in clamps At first use USEROOOO Fill in the required number of plots to a maximum of 500 for a project The standard value is set in clamps On first use 1 Check the required number of measurement per plot The standard value per plot 1 Check the desired penetration speed cm sec to be used in measurements Recommended speed 2 cm sec see paragraph 7 2 Standard value 1 Select the required type of cone Selection allows 9 standard type of cones and two types to be defined The first four types of cones are standard to the penetrologger set Five types are defined according to ASAE standard ASAES313 1 A 30 top angle and a 1 0 cm 2 0 cm 3 3 cm and 5 0 cm base area The two self defined types can be modified using Modify See Appendix 1 for the recommended type of cone Standard the first cone selected is 10 cm 60 6 4 Programming the plan 6 4 1 Creating a plan 1 Create a plan clicking New Edit under Plan in the menu bar The SELECT PROJECT window opens CS Anew plan can only be created provided the PenetroViewer holds no other plan If so close the plan in the PenetroViewer see paragraph 6 4 2 2 Click N
8. Check Select to load the file or Cancel not to load it To modify the file on screen select New Edit under Plan in the menu bar When a project has been selected Modify can be used to alter the settings 6 5 Sending the plan to the penetrologger The plan that has been prepared is ready for sending to the penetrologger To this purpose the penetrologger needs to be linked to the computer bk Remove the protecting cap from the communication port on the penetrologger Connect the cable to the port It will fit only one way the white dots on the connector and on the communication port should be on the same side Press the connector well into the socket and lock it by tightening the ring closure Connect the other end of the cable to the serial port of the computer COM1 or COM2 Check the right communication port for the Penetrologger at Comm Port under Extra in the menu bar Switch on the penetrologger by pressing the upper white knob Make sure the batteries have been placed into the penetrologger see 13 Power supply and Maintenance The computer will automatically register the connection to the penetrologger and activate the Datalogger menu bar Select Identify under Datalogger in the menu bar Now the computer will identify the Penetrologger On the penetrologger a message saying COMMUNICATION WITH PC Us displayed In the PenetroViewer a LOGGER INFORMATION window opens showing the serial number
9. EE 27 UNE EE 28 reet 28 Appendix Reference resistance ValUuesssicicccoasssesicaieodsescdats sandaisnsedsenatevidbedchuadeidssavegsargaisaseguntdiqandeencadeeats 29 Appendix 2 Penetrologqer Menis AE ee 30 Appendix 3 CONVEFSION TACTOMS n pitasin n a ii Aa Ea E Ea ANTEA ATEA 32 ele 33 On these operating instructions Ce Ifthe text follows a mark as shown on the left this means that an important instruction follows A If the text follows a mark as shown on the left this means that an important warning follows relating to danger to the user or damage to the apparatus Text Italic indicated text indicates that the text concerned appears in writing on the display or must be typed Introduction The penetrologger has been especially developed to measure the resistance to penetration of the soil and to save the measuring results to digitally process them on a computer The penetrologger is ergonomically designed lightweight and easy to use It can be used to measure to a depth of 80 cm The resistance to penetration of the soil is the resistance of the soil to the force of penetration per unit area expressed in N m or in MPa The resistance to penetration depends on soil properties such as bulk density moisture content soil structure and texture organic matter content and stoniness The penetrologger is suitable to save and process 500 sets of measuring data which is ideal for carrying out large numbers of measurements It
10. EM MENU Cancel changes and return to SELECT ITEM menu lt Go to previous position gt Go to next position T Change into next character choose from 26 characters 10 figures or space L Change into previous character choose from 26 characters 10 figures or space OK Confirm changes and Return to SELECT ITEM menu MEASURE MENU SELECT PROJECT MENU T PROJ Return to MAIN MENU Select previous project 30 J PROJ OK Select next project Select project and go to MEASURE MENU MEASURE MENU MENU Return to SELECT PROJECT menu START Start measuring STOP Stop measuring DISPLAY MENU SELECT PROJECT MENU Return to MAIN MENU T PROJ Select previous project PROJ Select next project T PLOT Select previous plot PLOT Select next plot OK Select this project and this plot and go to RESULT GRAFIC menu RESULT GRAFIC MENU Return to DISPLAY MENU NUM Numerical display of measuring data mean values of a selected plot GRAF Graphical display of measuring data mean values of a selected plot T PLOT View the measuring data of the previous plot L PLOT View the measuring data of the next plot PRINT Direct printing of the measuring data as presented in the display on the field printer or on another connected printer SYSTEM SET MENU 1 MENU ah L OK Return to the MAIN MENU Select next item Select previous item Select the item and proceed automatically to the SYSTEM SET MENU 2 of SYSTE
11. ENU opens Select a project and plot and press OK to view the graphic results The RESULT GRAPHICAL menu opens It lists the average value of the penetrations of the current plot The standard deviation if possible is displayed every 10 cm with a horizontal line The line will not de displayed when the standard deviation is insignificant Press NUM to obtain a numerical display of the results The average resistance to penetration of the current plot is displayed for every centimetre of depth Select GRAPH to return to graphical display or MENU to return to the VIEW MENU Select MENU to return to the MAIN MENU RESULT GRAPHICAL PROJECT DEMO N U M PLOT PLOTXXOI PLOTDATE 28 11 93 tPLOT PLOT 8 PRESS MPa 22 9 4 Computer printing Using the PenetroViewer the measuring results can be graphically or numerically printed on either a printer or a plotter Depending on the type of display he separate penetrations of a plot or the average with standard deviation will be printed O Select Graphical at Print under Project in the menu bar to print the graph O Select Numerical at Print under Project in the menu bar to print the numerical results Use a maximum resolution of 300 dpi Default all the results of a plot are printed It is not possible to select a number of measurements In a spreadsheet it is possible 9 5 Printing on a standard printer Following the display of the measuring r
12. LOT NEW PROJECT Le 2 Select PLAN in the MAIN MENU PLAN MENU pops up 3 Select a project and a plot with PROJ PROJ PLOT or PLOT In addition to a previously defined project a new undefined project is standard available which can be identified by NEW PROJECT on the bottom line of the display The project name consists of a unique number made up from year month day serial number Use this new project to set up a new project Select OK to set up the project The SELECT ITEM submenu pops up PLAN MENU SELECT ITEM Project DEMO Company gt EUKELKA Plot PLOTXO01 Cone 1 0 cm 60 Speed 2 Nr of plots 3 Nr of pen plot 3 NEW PROJECT 4 To modify the project change the items using EDIT The EDIT ITEM submenu pops up See figure below PLAN MENU EDIT ITEM Project DEMO Company gt EUKELKA Plot PLOTX001 Cone 1 0 cm 60 Speed 2 Nr of plots SE Nr of pen plot 3 NEW PROJECT Use the cursor keys to alter the items in the EDIT ITEM submenu Press OK to save the changes or MENU to cancel and to return to the SELECT ITEM menu Notice that only the plot name in the selected plot in step 3 can be changed 5 Define the prepared project with DEF In the display bottom line PROJECT DEFINED pops up Ce In the definition process a final copy of the project is stored The number of plots and penetrations cannot b
13. M SET MENU 3 SYSTEM SET MENU 2 MENU Cancel changes and Return to SYSTEM SET MENU 1 Go to previous position only available if needed gt Go to next position only available if needed T Change into next character choose from 26 characters 10 figures space L Change into previous character choose from 26 characters 10 figures space OK Save changes and return to SYSTEM SET MENU 1 SYSTEM SET MENU 3 YES Executes command when during 5 beeps key is pressed Pressing the key less than 5 beeps yields no result NO Cancel and return to SYSTEM SET MENU 1 SYSTEM INFO MENU MENU Return to MAIN MENU 31 Appendix 3 Conversion factors Conversion factors units of force Newton 0 102 kgf kgf 9 807 Newton Conversion factor units of pressure MPa 145 0 PSI Pounds per square inch MPa 10 0 bar PSI 0 006897 MPa PSI 0 06897 bar bar 01 MPa bar TZ 145 PSI 32 Appendix 4 Conversion tables Conversion between pressure and force at various cone base areas Force Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Newton MPascal MPascal MPascal MPascal surf mm2 surf mm2 surf mm2 surf mm2 surf mm2 0 10 1 00 oan 0 20 1 50 S WP 0 046 0 30 LU CH Se on 060 O 0 70 0 80 _ 0 90 1 00 Pr
14. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Brand data Hardware version Software version 4 25 PenetroViewer version Serial number O435 r V TECNOLOG A AGROPECUARIA T A j Gre L a AE grisearch Equipmen Vuelta de Obligado 1748 5 011 4783 2092 7392 info copains com ar www copains com ar M1 06 15 E Contents Jare te EE 3 1 Measuring the resistance to Denettation rttr ettr nEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE EEEE 3 Tell Benino CaP AGI EE 3 Leit IROGLAD IM sc2sscuc shang cethvapistadnadesdeacncdaasakmsiiudstcs AE Seed 4 1 3 The effect of soil moisture and the organic matter content wo ccc cccceccceceetseeeceseeeestaeesetaeeeesaaees 4 TAS EE TE EE 4 Pe SE UO Os ee tate sete hat eeh 5 3 Technical Spee SD marione innii a aaa Rra ORE A Aai ANE E Niana naa nnna 6 AMENO See 6 Bs FICIGWOUK EE 7 Dill Drawing upa plaen E O E A A A E E 7 P E EEN 7 6 Programming With PE Gerten 8 DH ebben instalation steiere otnd feed ake olin ret ong een meee nem ag eee 8 6 2 Initialising and closing down the PenetroViewer ccccccccccsccccssesesssseeecseeeecssteesseeessatesssetestteeeees 8 6 3 Setting the preferences for the parameters ccc ccccccccsseeccssesesssseeessseeeeseeeesssaeesesaeesstatesstaeenes 9 Geck Progammingthe Plait eg enee beer 9 ET DEET geegent 9 6 4 2 Saving the plan and Closing GOWN siiicar iane a a a A E a A E ES 11 6 5 Sending the plan to the penetrologger cccccccc
15. OT PLOTX001 PENETR 1 START Depth gt 2 0 4 0 6 0 8 0 PRESS mpA Ce The plots can only be measured in the order of definition of the project 5 Place the depth reference plate on the ground surface The raised edges should point downwards Place the penetrologger cone through the hole in the plate Make sure to hold it as vertical as possible with an aim to O Prevent friction between the rod and the soil affecting the resistance to penetration O Obtain a correct depth registration The ultrasonic sensor measures the depth The ultrasonic signals transmitted by the sensor are reflected via the depth reference plate to the sensor Therefore the penetrologger gradient should not deviate over 3 5 from the vertical position 6 Select START to begin measuring and to set the initial depth to O cm i e the depth of reference relative to the depth reference plate Once the penetrologger is active a ticking sound is audible 7 Insert the penetrologger evenly and as vertically as possible at a constant speed set in the plan At a recommended speed of 2cm s the time needed to reach 80 cm will be 40 seconds Ce Usea level to check the vertical position of the penetrologger A speed indicator shows the deviation from the set speed 40 percent on the display CS A downward deflection to S on the speed indicator means the insertion speed is too high Reduce pushing speed An upward deflecti
16. U Notice that the y of the PenetroViewer This demonstrates that in the computer and the penetrologger different preferen ces can be set To modify these items use the cursor key to select them and confirm with OK Use the horizontal cursor key to select the required position and use the vertical cursor key to modify the symbol Press OK to confirm or MENU to cancel the changes and to return to the previous menu The options of the SYSTEM SET Parameter preferences COMPANY USER 0000 CONE 1 0 m 60 PENETR SPEED 1 NR OF PLOTS 1 PENETR PLOT 1 Penetrologger settings DATE 29 04 99 TIME 16 55 07 SWITCH OFF TIME 10 LANGUAGE ENGLISH CLEAR MEMORY Clear the memory onc MENU are listed below User name Cone type see Appendix for a recommended type Penetration speed in cm s The recommended speed is 2 cm s with a maximum deviation of 0 5 cm s according to NEN 5140 1996 Number of plots in the project 1 500 Number of penetrations per plot 1 10 Current date Year date as of 2000 will displayed as 00 01 Current time Time in minutes until the penetrologger automatically closes down Five beeps signal the closing down Language selection Dutch English or German Clear the penetrologger memory After selection of this option a frame displays CLEAR MEMORY OK Press YES for 5 seconds five beeps are audible to clear the penetrologger memory or NO to ca
17. an never be used in combination with a battery charger Remove penetrologger 27 Checking remaining power The SYSTEM INFO MENU of the penetrologger see also 8 Measuring displays the battery condition in 10 percents When empty the penetrologger makes a rattling sound This indicates five minutes of measuring left before shut down At a residual capacitance of 2 the penetrologger starts beeping three short beeps every five seconds At a residual capacitance of 0 a message Battery empty is displayed and after five seconds shut down follows Battery life The service life of the penetrologger with rechargeable batteries lasts approx 500 measurements or a period of 8 5 hours continuous measuring which equals a working day in the field The service life of the alkaline batteries lasts 2000 measurements or a 20 hours period The instrument will perform an automatic shut down to prevent unnecessary discharge of the batteries The period of time for automatic switch off is set in the penetrologger SYSTEM SET MENU see paragraph 7 2 13 2 Maintenance O Make sure to clean all parts during and after use Dried up soil sticking to the cone increases the measured resistance to penetration O Make sure to keep the ultrasonic sensor dry to avoid failures in depth measurements Literature Campbell D J amp M F O Sullivan 1991 The Cone Penetrologger in Relation to Trafficability Compaction and Tillage In Smith KA and C E M
18. as well O Although the penetrologger is very suitable to compare different cultivation techniques the complicating effects of types of soils on the resistance to penetration hamper their comparison O The high correlation between resistance to penetration and other soil properties Campbell amp O Sullivan 1991 renders the penetrologger useful for research into the spatial variability of the soil and for assessing other soil properties The standard unity of resistance to penetration MPa can be converted to other unities See Appendix 3 Taking into account the type of cone the measured penetration resistance can be converted from pressure in MPa or Y to exercised force N See appendix 4 OU 23 11 Application The penetrologger comes with various cones which depending on the application and the research purpose can be selected The smallest cone is suitable for high penetration resistance soils the largest cone is appropriate for weaker soils In soil research usually the 1 cm 60 cone is used The penetrologger is suitable for measuring the resistance to penetration of the soil to a depth of 80 cm It is applied in General soil research Location of compacted soil layers for example a beak Soil assessment for agricultural purposes Soil assessment for pedestrian and vehicle traffic purposes Civil engineering in particular road and waterways construction Research into the vegetation growin
19. cscccsssceccsseceecseeeccseeeescssseecssesesssaeeesssseeesteetessaeees 11 7 Using the penetrologger to program the gan 12 ZA Operation Of the PenetrOlOGGe r nn iccc cciveaededvisacieecdedsorssesiveadevastaten vi seddavbusaeedantevsasdacnyspnteadavedabanncdbes 12 7 2 Preferences and settings of the parameters oc ccccccccsccccssececsseeeseseeccssseeessseeeecseeessaeeestaeeseeeaees 13 KE Programming TNE MIAN seses nanenane aiaia ia aa iTo E 15 FA Modiyng tne planers nse r a EE 17 Cis Meann EE 17 Ox PROCESS no EE 20 gi Usine tbe computer to read the results srrusinrisiriicinsrmei rieniras ninde iarna eit 20 DEE DIER 20 9 2 1 Opening and closing a project Te 20 O27 32 eelere ei EE 20 923 dl TEE EN 9 24 External processing of measurements engsten Seege 22 9 3 Penetrologger display iaiaaeaia en iden tdawaneneabbiiavedtaadinjiwctaapandsdtregaseatates 22 De gl PN EE 23 95 Piningonastandard Printer sempe renreeinarinsi eie ani enee Eet Eet 23 10 ImtenOreting the measuring EE eege EE eent ER Tii E TEE 24 Eet Eet ere 24 12 1 Computer and penetrologger Communication 24 12 2 Operation of the epuer eegene EE 24 12 3 PrOGAMIMIAG a PAR asin getest 25 T2A Me UNN RE 25 UE e TEE ER 12 6 Depth calibration ultrasonic penetrologger in the field occ ccccccccececcssseescsseesssetessseeesssseesenaes 26 12 7 Force calibration ultrasonic penetrologger in the Ted 26 128 Resetting Ne Hehe ee Eege 27 13 Power SUDDIY ENE MAINTENANCE EE 27 TSA Ee
20. ding to Schothorst 1968 Resistance to penetration MPa 18 7 Organic matter content 92 65 38 ID 06 02 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Volume density g 100 cm The relation between resistance to penetration and bulk density in conjunction with organic matter content of the soil at a moisture tension of pF2 according to Schothorst 1968 29 Appendix 2 Penetrologger menus START MENU MENU Go to MAIN MENU T Set contrast display Set contrast display MAIN MENU PLAN Go to PLAN MENU to program plan MEASURE Go to MEASURE MENU to carry out measurements active when plan has been defined DISPLAY Go to DISPLAY MENU to display measuring results active when measurements have been made and stored SET Go to SYSTEM SET MENU to set parameter preferences NFO Go to SYSTEM INFO MENU for system information END Switch off penetrologger PLAN MENU SELECT PROJECT MENU Return to MAIN MENU T PROJ Select previous project 1 PRO Select next project T PLOT Select previous plot T PLOT Select next plot OK Select this project and this plot and go to SELECT ITEM menu PLAN MENU SELECT ITEM MENU Return to SELECT PROJECT menu T Select previous item D Select next item DEF Define Project active when programming a new plan EDIT Go to EDIT ITEM menu to modify settings of the selected item OK Return to SELECT PROJECT menu only active in a defined project PLAN MENU EDIT IT
21. e changed now 6 Select OK or MENU to return to the SELECT PROJECT menu If necessary change the other plot names in the defined project following steps 3 and 4 7 If necessary set up other projects following steps 3 5 8 Select MENU to return to the MAIN MENU and to conclude programming 7 4 Modifying the plan Items can be modified after definition of a project and as long as no measurements have taken place with exception of the number of plots and penetrations per plot The number of plots and the number of penetrations can not be changed in the penetrologger It also isn t possible to remove a single project out of the plan 1 Switch on the penetrologger and select MAIN MENU 2 Follow steps 3 and 4 in paragraph 7 3 H measurements in a previously defined project have been stored the project cannot be modified In PLAN MENU the project in question can be selected but the OK key is not active On the bottom line of the display PLOT STARTED and PROJECT STARTED pops up 3 Select MENU to return to the MAIN MENU Note A defined project may not be satisfactory for reasons of faulty programming or the situation may have changed Two options are available O Create a new project and leave the other project as it is Make sure to utilise the appropriate projects in the field O Erase the plan by clearing the penetrologger memory Then a new plan can be created Notice this will clear all data plan and mea
22. ected menu 1 Press key 1 to activate the penetrologger The start menu window opens 2 Adjust the contrast of the LCD screen using the cursor keys 3 Select MENU to display the MAIN MENU MAIN MENU SETUP QUIT PLAN Sa E EmA Ea SELECT ITEM 4 If necessary the language can be set to English first 1 Press SETUP or SET depending on the selected language in the menu bar 2 Point the black block to SPRACHE DEUTSCH or TAAL NEDERLANDS and press OK 3 Select ENGLISH or ENGELS depending on the selected language It takes a few seconds to set the language 7 2 Preferences and settings of the parameters Prior to programming of the plan a number of parameter preferences are set These values are automatically used during programming which is time saving In the process a number of penetrologger settings can be defined as well 1 Key SET UP in the MAIN MENU The SYSTEM SET MENU pops up See next page 2 Adjust the parameter prefere preferences are set independent SYSTEM SETUP MENU MENU COMPANY user 0000 CONE 1 0 cm 60 PENETR SPEED 2 NR OF PLOTS D PENETR PLOT 1 DATE 28 08 99 TIME 14 55 07 SHUT OFF TIME 10 LANGUAGE ENGLISH CAL DEPTH NULL Cal DEPTH scALE Cal FORCE NULL OK Cal FORCE scALE CLEAR MEMORY Contrast nces and penetrologger settings in the SYSTEM SET MEN
23. elect Setup and click on Open Click OK to start the installation 2 To select another directory for PenViewer click Change and type the directory of your choice 3 Click Next to start the installation or Cancel to discontinue the installation Click Finish to finish the installation 4 You must restart your computer for the configuration changes made to Eijkelkamp Penetroviewer to take effect Click Yes to restart now or No if you plan to manually restart later 6 2 Initialising and closing down the PenetroViewer 1 Start PenetroViewer by clicking the Eijkelkamp PenetroViewer shortcut in Programmes in the Windows Start Menu Fijkelkamp PenetroViewer A window displays the Eijkelkamp logo and after 4 seconds the PenetroViewer main window pops up see figure i Eijkelkamp PenetroViewer Of x 2 The first time running the pro Beie Pict Plan Dateloaser Evra gramme gives an English language a oil menu bar It s possible to change the 2 IR m language by clicking Extra Language CR and checking English German or E Dutch l SN em 3 To close the PenetroViewer Quit in aS the menu bar under Project or click the fe top right corner cross e GE RN am CR esoe Bees eteemme ees 6 3 Setting the preferences for the parameters Prior to programming a plan a number of preferences for parameters have to be set The corresponding values are automatically used during programming which is time
24. en permission from Eijkelkamp Agrisearch Equipment Technical data can be amended without prior notification Eijkelkamp Agrisearch Equipment is interested in your reactions and remarks about its products and operating instructions 33
25. ened a graphical display of the plot results is presented and the Plot menu is available in the menu bar 2 Select Quit under Project in the menu bar to close a project file 9 2 2 Graphical display For a graphical display of the results the following options are available also see figure next page O Standard all measurements penetrations of the plot are displayed Clicking a coloured square next to the graph will hide or re select a measurement O Clicking the key Previous or Next in the bottom right hand corner or under Plot in the menu bar will display the results of the previous or next plot in the project O The Average key displays the average measuring value of selected measurements Hence if only three out of ten measurements have been selected the remainder has been de selected by clicking the coloured squares the average of those three measurement will be determined This is very useful in excluding unwanted measurements A standard deviation is displayed at every 10 cm of depth if the average is determined of at least two measurements 20 ge Eijkelkamp PenetroViewer iof x Project Plot Plan Projectname Clicking AN Penetrations d The line style is selected a OQ O QO U The horizontal measuring Data logger Extra 12345678 Plotname PLOTXX01 Piot dote 19 10 94 PRESSURE DEPTH 2 06 34 isplays all separate lines Line style under Plot in the menu bar Select Line Points o
26. ereas this would be appropriate to obtain a measure of compaction resulting from traffic 2 Description The penetrologger is available as a complete set suitable for measurements up to a depth of 80 cm The set consists of the penetrologger cones probing rod a depth reference plate a set of tools a battery charger a cable software and a test report Optionally various accessories are available such as a field printer and various cones The set is contained in an aluminium transport case The penetrologger itself see figure consists of a penetrologger 1 with an adjustable LCD screen 8 a control panel 9 and a level 10 The logger is contained in a water resistant housing with electrically insulated grips The penetrologger is fed by two AA batteries A cone 4 is screwed onto the bottom end of a bipartite probing rod 3 Depending on the application and the expected resistance to penetration different cones can be attached The cones supplied have 60 top angle according NEN 5140 and various base areas see table Base area Nominaldiameter Reject diameter cm mm mm 1 11 28 11 00 2 15 96 15 55 3 33 20 60 20 08 5 25 23 24 59 The probing rod consists of two parts and is attached to the impact absorber 2 under the penetrologger using a quick coupling The smaller cones match the slim probing rod the broader cones match the broader rod 3 YY a Sa Pa Seat
27. essure Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure surf mm2 surf mm2 surf mm2 surf mm2 surf mm2 surf mm2 surf mm2 55 77 36 25 22 45 14 50 9 67 7 25 145 00 111 54 72 50 44 89 29 00 19 33 14 50 217 50 167 31 108 75 67 34 43 50 29 00 21 75 290 00 223 08 145 00 89 78 f 58 00 38 67 29 00 362 50 278 85 181 25 f 112 23 7250 48 33 3625 435 00 334 62 217 50 43467 1 87 00 58 00 43 50 507 50 390 38 253 75 157 12 101 50 67 67 50 75 580 00 446 15 290 00 179 57 17 Teo 77 33 58 00 652 501 92 326 25 202 01 95 f 130 50 87 00 65 25 557 69 362 50 224 46 145 00 96 67 72 50 613 46 TI 246 90 159 50 106 33 79 75 669 23 435 00 269 35 261 26 174 00 416 00 87 00 725 00 471 25 291 80 283 03 788 50 125 67 23 780 77 507 50 314 24 304 80 203 00 135 33 101 50 836 54 543 75 336 69 326 58 217 50 145 00 108 75 1160 00 892 31 580 00 f 359 13 348 35 232 00 154 67 116 00 1232 50 948 08 616 25 381 58 370 12 246 50 164 33 123 25 R 1003 85 652 50 404 02 391 89 261 00 174 00 130 50 1059 62 688 75 426 47 413 66 275 50 183 67 137 75 1450 00 1115 38 725 00 448 92 435 44 290 00 193 33 145 00 Nothing in this publication may be reproduced and or made public by means of print photocopy microfilm or any other means without previous writt
28. esults on the penetrologger paragraph 9 3 they can be printed directly by selecting PRINT To this purpose a standard printer with a serial interface 4800 bbs 8 bit 1 stopbit no parity will serve Connect the penetrologger to the printer using the communication cable Depending on the type of display the print will be graphical or numerical Printing slightly shortens battery life of the penetrologger As the paper dimensions are limited the resolution of the graphical display will be less than that of the stored data To have a detailed display a numerical print is advised 10 Interpreting the measuring data When interpreting the measuring results bear the following issues in mind O The reliability of the measuring results depend on the number of measurements per plot and on the natural variability of the resistance to penetration in situ O The penetrologger appears to measure a high level of resistance to penetration as compared to the resistance roots encounter This is caused by the fact that whereas roots may follow crevices and macro pores the penetrologger s cone can not O The presence of stones in a soil profile tends to distort the measurement and correction of the results will be necessary As roots tend to grow around the stones the penetrologger will produce a higher value than the one roots encounter To fully interpret the resistance to penetration in root research it is necessary to describe the soil structure
29. ew Project to create a new project in theplan The EDIT PROJECT window opens SELECT PROJECT E EDIT PROJECT x Company Cone type Penetration speed Number of plots EIJKELKA 2 0 cm 60 e 2 0 cm s v Number of penetrations per plot 10 Max 10 Number of penetrations gi 3 The following items can be modified Project name Max 8 characters Company Cone type Penetration speed Number of plots Number of penetrations per plot Plot names Standard a unique name according to year month day and serial number Se Se Se Se Se as under Preferences Plan in menu bar Max 8 characters as under Preferences Plan in menu bar as under Preferences Plan in menu bar Select 1 2 3 4 or 5 cm s as under Preferences Plan in menu bar as under Preferences Plan in menu bar All plots in a project have standard a unique name according to a serial number Max 8 characters L To obtain reproducible data use identical penetration speeds in multiple measurements 4 Click OK to define the project when all Preferences have been set or click Cancel to cancel the project 5 Repeat steps 2 4 until the required number of projects has been defined Up to a maximum of 500 penetrations are storable in the penetrologger Once this number has been reached during programming the PenetroViewer calculates this figure automatically the button New project in the
30. g conditions in for instance parks public gardens tree nurseries and horticultural centres Management of sports fields OQ oa 12 Troubleshooting 12 1 Computer and penetrologger communication O The Datalogger menu of the PenetroViewer is not active whereas the penetrologger is connected to the computer by the cable O Check the setting of the communication port at Comm Port Extra in the menu bar O Make sure the penetrologger is switched on a menu is active on the display O Check the battery power O The Datalogger menu of the PenetroViewer is active whereas the penetrologger is not connected to the computer by the cable O Another instrument is connected to the communication port set in the PenetroViewer This does not affect the PenetroViewer 12 2 Operation of the penetrologger O Legibility of the display is inadequate Adjust the display settings using the vertical cursor keys in the start menu or with CONTRAST in the SYSTEM SET MENU O The MEASURE option is not available in the MAIN MENU Program a plan on the computer or in the penetrologger with PLAN O The DISPLAY option is not available in the MAIN MENU First carry out measurements in the field O The penetrologger closes down between measurements Increase the value of the SWITCH OFF TIME in the SYSTEM SET MENU O The rechargeable batteries are empty Replace the batteries see paragraph 13 1 Charge the rechargeable batteries
31. g in graphical display is not successful Make sure the printer resolution has been set to max 300 dpi dots per inch O The graphical print is cut off at the paper s edge Use a spreadsheet programme to print the results 25 12 6 Depth calibration ultrasonic penetrologger in the field In order to depth calibrate your penetrologger you need to follow the next steps NOURWN gt 12 7 a WWONANUARWN gt Remove the penetration rods and screw Switch the penetrologger ON Press MENU to enter the Main menu Press SETUP to enter the System setup menu Select CAL DEPTH NULL with the up and down arrows and press OK The question appears Cal Depth null Are you sure Press the YES button for 5 seconds Hold your penetrologger 80 cm above the ground mind the spirit level for horizontal positioning Calibration figure 1 Press CAL to calibrate The DEPTH NULL is now calibrated Press MENU Select CAL DEPTH SCALE with the up and down arrows and press OK The question appears Cal Depth scale Are you sure Press the YES button for 5 seconds Place your penetrologger on the rod mounting block on the ground or table Calibration figure 2 Press CAL to calibrate The DEPTH SCALE is now calibrated Press MENU to enter the Main menu Calibration figure 1 Calibration figure 2 Force calibration ultrasonic penetrologger in the field Normally accurate force calibration of the penetrol
32. ncel and to return to SYSTEM SET MENU e it is certain that the current data plan and measurements in the penetrologger are not needed for further use Clearing the memory will erase the current data CONTRAST Setting the LCD screen contrast for optimal reading similar to the start menu see paragraph 7 1 Calibration CAL DEPTH NULL Calibration of penetration depth to zero cm CAL DEPTH SCALE Calibration of penetration depth to 80 cm CAL FORCE NULL Calibration of the impact sensor to zero CAL FORCE SCALE Calibration of the impact sensor full scale Do not calibrate the penetrologger yourself Calibration has been done at the manufacturer and needs no adjustment the default values will be lost Eijkelkamp Agrisearch Equipment A recommends to have the penetrologger calibrated annually If in exceptionally circumstances you have to calibrate the penetrologger yourself we refer to paragraph 12 6 7 3 Programming the plan 1 The penetrologger s memory allows programming of only one single plan Prior to programming erase the current plan by O Clearing the penetrologger memory see paragraph 7 2 or O Computer programming the plan and sending it to the penetrologger which automatically clears the penetrologger memory PLAN MENU MENU SELECT PROJECT Project DEMO i PROJ Company gt EIJKELKA Plot PLOTX001 PROJ Cone 1 0 cm 60 Speed 2 T PLOT Nr of plots 2 Nr of pen plot 3 T P
33. ogger is done at the Eijkelkamp factory using a specialized accurate calibration tool Calibration cannot and should not be performed in the field Normally there is no need to recalibrate the penetrologger by the user In order to force calibrate your penetrologger in case of urgent operational conditions were the factory calibration is not possible you need to follow the next steps Remove the penetration rods and screw Switch the penetrologger ON Press MENU to enter the Main menu Press SETUP to enter the System setup menu Select CAL FORCE NULL with the up and down arrows and press OK The question appears Cal Depth null Are you sure Press the YES button for 5 seconds Hold your penetrologger above the ground see calibration figure 1 above Press CAL to calibrate The DEPTH NULL is now calibrated Press MENU 26 10 Select CAL FORCE SCALE with the up and down arrows and press OK 11 The question appears Cal Depth scale Are you sure Press the YES button for 5 seconds 12 Place your penetrologger on the rod mounting block on the ground or table calibration figure 2 Do not put any extra force on the instrument The instrument should measure its own weight a value CURR FORCE between 25 and 30 N If this indicates correct end the procedure by pressing MENU 13 In case of incorrect reading Select REFFORCE N 28 with the up and down arrows and press OK 14 Press CAL to calibrate The DEPTH SCALE i
34. on to L on the speed indicator means the insertion speed is too low Increase pushing speed A penetration speed exceeding the measuring limit the logger starts beeping will yield unreliable values therefore measuring should be terminated Do not save these data In the bottom right hand corner of the display the actual measuring values of the pressure i e the resistance to penetration and depth are given Should the sensor not receive the ultrasonic signals and consequently no accurate depth measuring take place the display will indicate Measuring should be terminated 8 At a depth of 80 cm measuring should be terminated Select STOP to prematurely break off measuring if the maximum depth is not possible or required Select YES to confirm saving the measurement or NO not to save the measurement and to restart 9 If necessary carry out replicate measuring on the same plot depending on the set number of penetrations per plot Select a spot at least 1 m away from other measuring plots to avoid mutually affecting measurements Proceed measuring the other plots A number of items can be checked in the SYSTEM INFO MENU Select NFO in the MAIN MENU during measuring Actual date and time Battery The remaining battery power in battery voltage A 100 value indicates a full battery The penetrologger serial number Software version D Wu Hardware version Number of measurements penetrations held in memor
35. one Penetration speed Number of plots Number of penetrations per plot oaoa 5 2 Example An example of such a plan is given PLAN unnamed project 1 penetration Project 1 Giesbeek _ PLOT 1 meteo garden _ PLOT 2 grazing land PLOT 3 side strip Project 2 Lathum _ PLOT 1 front garden PLOT 2 backyard 6 Programming with PC software The input of data on a computer using the keyboard and then sending them to the penetrologger is far more convenient than programming directly on the penetrologger Keying in the special names of plots on the penetrologger is very time consuming Therefore the use of a computer is to be preferred Per plan one or several projects with a maximum of 500 penetrations can be defined The memory of a computer can hold several projects and they can be retrieved at any desired time whereas the memory of the penetrologger can hold only one single plan If the field situation requires working with several plans a laptop may be the solution 6 1 Software installation System requirements O Windows 95 98 NT ME 2000 XP A DOS version of the programme can be ordered for Windows 3 X 1 Place the cd rom Software Penetroviewer Windows in the cd rom station Click Start in the Windows Start Menu choose Run and browse to the cd rom station S
36. plications In the case the resistance to penetration is above this critical limit the bearing capacity is sufficient below that limit it the capacity is insufficient Appendix 1 lists the critical limits for the bearing capacity of pastures and sports fields as well as the recommendations for the size of the cones to be used when measuring with the penetrologger 1 2 Rootability The maximum of 1 MPa can be considered as a guideline of rootability which is the force roots exert on soil particles However roots in their development cause crevices and macro pores and tend to grow around the stones in the soil The penetrologger cannot achieve this therefore the critical limit of rootability exceeds 1 MPa as measured by the penetrologger According to Locher amp De Bakker 1990 uninterrupted root growth can take place at penetration resistance values below 1 5 MPa A value of approx 3 MPa can be regarded as the upper limit for uninterrupted root growth Interrupted root growth leads to reduced water and nutrient absorption and ultimately to reduced crop production 1 3 The effect of soil moisture and the organic matter content The resistance to penetration of the soil is related among other things to soil moisture properties The higher the moisture content of the soil the lower the resistance to penetration and hence the bearing capacity Therefore in order to compare the resistance to penetration measured in several periods fo
37. r Fat line Checking Grid under Plot in the menu bar activates the raster ine in the graph area is moved by dragging it up or down or by clicking in empty space with the mouse use the cursor keys if necessary Next to the graph area under DEPTH the depth cm which refers to the d to the depth indicated by epth indicated by the measuring line is displayed Under PRESSURE which refers the measuring line the colour and numerical value MPa is displayed for all the measurements of the plot 9 2 3 Numerical value Select Numerical under Plot in the menu bar to display the numerical list of currently selected measurements penetrations See figure The measuring value is listed centimetre in depth The presentation of an average line in graphical display will also produce the numerical data of the average and standard deviation The plot informatio presented as well amp Projectname 12345678 Plotname PLOTXX01 EN Projectname 12345678 Cone type 2 6 cm 66 Username USER 661 Penetrationspeed A 2 cm s Plotname z PLOTXX61 Nr of pen done SG 26 Plotdate 2 19 16 94 Number of plots S 2 Nr of pen plot 16 Depth in cm Pressure in MPa per n is eeeoeocoeoctseceeceeeoeoe H b Oh Ee E Geh Ah VI G GO EE Vib EoeOvnGGoto EMMG ed o wO 000 ee DG d d GC E zl Eh VI Vi G Ee Eed Ah d D sch CO ch ch 9 ee ee ee ee enee ee ee H b O W I wi EI zl D I zl zl
38. r example before and after tillage it is essential that the moisture contents of the soil conditions in those periods are comparable To ensure comparable soil moisture content conditions in practice it is best to determine the resistance to penetration at field capacity pF 2 The organic matter content positively affects the bearing capacity A peaty topsoil with low bulk density compares to a sandy topsoil with little organic matter see Appendix 1 4 Spatial variability When determining the resistance to penetration it is essential to take the spatial variability of soils into ac count Differences in texture structure and organic matter content may vary considerably from plot to plot As all these factors affect the resistance to penetration it is necessary to carry out replicate measuring to obtain representative values The number of replicate measurements depends on the accuracy required and on the natural variability of the soil Campbell amp O Sullivan 1991 recommend 10 measurements per plot The distance between the plots is minimally 50 60 cm in view of possible deformation of the soil resulting from insertion of the penetrologger The Dutch norm for electrical sounding NEN 5140 1996 recommends an in between distance of at least 100 cm The choice of representative measuring locations will vary per application It will not suffice to measure in a tractor track to determine the general resistance to penetration wh
39. s now calibrated and both REEL FORCE as CURR FORCE should read 28 N 15 Press MENU to enter the Main menu 12 8 Resetting the penetrologger In order to make a general resetting of the penetrologger i The logger must be switched off 2 Keep the lowest button on the right pressed while switching on the penetrologger with the top button on the right 3 The penetrologger has now been reset all display functions are reset the memory with the measurements has not been changed 13 Powersupply and maintenance 13 1 Power supply O The penetrologger is rechargeable battery fed The standard penetrologger comes with two nickel cadmium batteries format D minimal capacity 4000 mAh Optionally 1 5 V alkaline batteries format D can be used Placing and changing batteries Use a coin to open the battery compartment and turn it 90 anti clockwise Place the batteries and close the compartment turning it 90 clockwise Make sure to place them properly to avoid damage Charging the batteries Use the charger in the set to charge the batteries The charger has been designed to match the penetrologger and cannot replaced by another type of charger Attach the charger cable to the penetrologger communication port and plug the other end into a wall socket 220 V 50 Hz empty batteries to avoid leaking It is advisable to remove the batteries when storing the A Non rechargeable batteries c
40. se a computer see 6 Computer based program ming of the plan To this purpose software needs to be installed on the computer Linkage of the computer to the penetrologger using a cable permits sending the programmed plan from the computer to the penetrologger Upon programming of the plan the penetrologger is ready for reading the resistance to penetration In the field he required number of measurements is carried out for each programmed plot see 8 Measuring The data o a maximum of 500 measurements are automatically stored in the logger memory If necessary adjustments o the plan can be made in situ Paragraph 7 4 The measurement data can be viewed in graphical or numerical display on the penetrologger in situ see 9 Processing the data If necessary a field printer can be used to print the results The software allows reading and processing the data on the computer and printing them on a printer or plotter 5 Fieldwork plan 5 1 Drawing up a plan A plan consists of a hierarchical structure of projects plots and penetrations see figure A project is a complex of various locations for measuring plots The resistance of penetration is determined for each plot One or several measurements or penetrations are carried out per plot to obtain a representative average result per plot Per project the following general data is programmed Project name User name company name Plot names Type of c
41. suring data in the penetrologger See paragraph 7 2 on how to clear the logger memory 8 Measuring 1 Select a type of cone see 11 Application As a rule a 1 cm and a 60 top angle cone is used in soil research Too large a cone may lead to exceeding the maximum penetration force of the penetrologger Too small a cone may yield inaccurate measurement data as only a minor impact is measured 2 Attach the probing rod and screw the cone onto it Use the tools to tighten and loosen the parts Click the probing rod with quick coupling onto the penetrologger and tighten the screw As the cones wear out it is recommended to check the dimensions before use Should the dimensions have fallen below the reject diameter see 2 Description the cones cannot be used for reliable measurements Cone ends that have become asymmetrical are unacceptable Upon programming and assembling the penetrologger measuring can start 3 Switch on the penetrologger 4 Select MEASR in the MAIN MENU Select a required project from the MEASR MENU The project settings will be displayed See figure below MEASUREMENT MENU SELECT PROJECT Project DEMO Company gt EUKELKA Plot PLOTXO01 Cone 1 0 cm 60 Speed 2 Nr of plots 23 Nr of pen plot 3 Select a project and OK The measuring window pops up Measuring of the first plot of the selected project can take place MEASUREMENT MENU PROJECT DEMO PL
42. ullins Soil Analysis Physical Methods Books in Soils Plants and the Environment Locher W P amp H de Bakker eds 1990 Bodemkunde van Nederland Malmberg Den Bosch NEN 5140 1996 Geotechniek Bepaling van de conusweerstand en de plaatselijke wrijvingsweerstand van de grond Elektrische sondeermethode Nederlands Normalisatie instituut Schothorst C J 1968 De relatieve dichtheid van humeuze gronden De Ingenieur 80 2 pp B1 B8 Also Verspr Overdr 53 Instituut voor Cultuurtechniek en Waterhuishouding Wageningen Vereniging voor Landinrichting 1992 Cultuurtechnisch Vademecum Brouwer Offset Utrecht 28 Appendix 1 Reference resistance values Bearing capacity of pastures related to the resistance to penetration MPa of the sod layer Application Recommended cone Bearing capacity Pasturing mechanical spread of liquid manure cultivation harvesting in arable farming 5 cm 60 top angle Major gt 0 6 Moderate 0 3 0 6 Minor lt 0 3 Sports fields 1 cm 60 top angle Major gt 1 4 Moderate 1 0 1 4 Minor lt 1 0 As a rule a cone with a 1 cm base area and a 60 top angle is applied in soil research fieldwork Source Vereniging voor Landinrichting 1992 The effect of organic matter content on the resistance to penetration The relation between resistance to penetration and bulk density in conjunction with organic matter content of the soil at a moisture tension of pF2 accor
43. using the battery charger This should be done beforehand or bring spare batteries 24 12 3 Programming a plan O Creating a new plan in the penetrologger or in the PenetroViewer is not possible Erase the current plan from memory paragraph 6 4 2 after storing it O Defining a new project is not possible The maximum number of 500 measurements has been reserved thereby reaching the plan s limit Define a new plan with the PenetroViewer or re arrange the plan O Projects have been incorrectly defined or have been modified O Penetrologger A defined project cannot be removed separately from the plan This can be solved by either defining a new project or by ignoring the incorrectly defined ones during measuring If faulty programming has led to a maximum reservation of 500 measurements the plan cannot be further used Erase the plan and re program the plan O PenetroViewer Erase or modify the projects O While measuring the number of plots and number of penetrations per plot need to be modified f additional plots need to be measured make a new project for those plots O It is not possible to handle several plans at the same time Program all measurements for one working day in the field within one plan Should it prove necessary to have several plans use a laptop to read the results and to send a new plan to the penetrologger 12 4 Measuring O DEEP in the MEASURE MENU of the penetrologger displays
44. y Remaining measurements to carry out Reserved i O Remaining memory d uaaa OU 9 Processing the data 9 1 Using the computer to read the results 1 To read the results connect the penetrologger to the computer See steps 1 4 in paragraph 6 5 2 Select Read Data under Datalogger in the menu bar All measuring data only of the measurements that have been carried out will be read by the compu ter A transient window displays the following information O Logger language O Number of projects def O Max number of penetrations O Number of penetrations carried out O Reserved penetrations 3 After the computer has read the data for each defined project a file will be created with the extension dif For each project a window opens and a file name and directory should be selected 4 Finally switch off the penetrologger remove the communication cable and re attach the protecting cap to the port 9 2 Computer display The measuring data can be viewed in the PenetroViewer They are graphically or numerically displayed per project The project files can be edited in a spreadsheet 9 2 1 Opening and closing a project file 1 Select Open under Project in the menu bar Select the required dif file project from the directory Click Select to open the file An example file Example dif is standard available in the PenetroViewer programme directory When a file is op
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