User's Guide to the amsrefs Package
Contents
1. Using this format allows amsrefs maximum flexibility in formatting dates for example by allowing month names to be printed in full or abbreviated as necessary For Winter Spring Summer Fall either use month numbers of 13 14 15 16 respectively or just put in the text before the year date Summer 1987 5 MORE ABOUT THE BIB COMMAND 10 For compatibility year is provided as an alias for date but its use is discouraged edition For books or reports If the value of this field is a simple number bib will convert it to cardinal form and add ed or alternative text if specified by the bibliography style Otherwise it will be printed as is eprint Electronic preprint information such as for www arXiv org See http xxx lanl gov help fagq references for recommended form hyphenation This corresponds to the Babel package notion of language The hyphenation language used for a given bib entry is determined from various clues which are checked in the following order 1 The Babel language specified by the hyphenation field 2 The Babel language specified by the first word of the language field after lowercasing 3 The current Babel language that was in effect before the bib com mand started 4 The current hyphenation patterns of the document if there are no Babel language modules loaded The hyphenation field applies to an entire entry To change the Babel language for a single fiel2. works only with abbreviations defined with the Def ineJournal command see section 8 4 short months Print short version of month names e g Jan instead of Jan uary This works only when you write all dates in ISO 8601 format see page 9 short publishers Print short form instead of full form for publisher names This works only with abbreviations defined with the DefinePublisher command see section 8 4 3In order for this to work correctly the hyperref package must be loaded after the amsrefs package 7 CITING ENTRIES CITE AND FRIENDS 15 6 4 Miscellaneous options backrefs This option causes back references to be printed at the end of each bibliography entry to show what page it was cited on This option will work only if the hyperref package is installed bibtex style By default amsrefs formats references using the AMS house style The bibtex style option instructs it to use a format that is very similar to the one implemented by the standard BIBTFX styles plain alpha abbrv and unsrt citation order This option applies only when using amsrefs in conjunction with BIBTEX Consequently changing this option will have no effect until after the next BibT X run The citation order option corresponds to the standard BIBT X style unsrt where items are printed in the reference list in the order in which they are cited in the document lite Suppress the loading of the following packages which amsrefs will n
3. command is replaced by the bib command which is very similar to a BIBT X database entry However as we shall see in section 5 there are some significant differences 2 2 Using an 1tb database file The second way of using amsrefs is to keep your bib commands in a separate database file and have amsrefs import the ones that are needed For example suppose you have a file nonsense 1tb with the following contents documentclass article usepackage amsrefs begin document begin bibdiv begin biblist bib Bourbaki70 book title Th eorie des ensembles author Bourbaki Nicolas date 1970 publisher Hermann address Paris bib Sokal96 article title Trangressing the boundaries subtitle Toward a transformative hermeneutics of quantum gravity author Sokal Alan journal Social Text volume 46 47 date 1996 pages 217 252 bib SokalB1998 book title Fashionable Nonsense subtitle Postmodern Intellectuals Abuse of Science author Sokal Alan author Bricmont Jean publisher Picador USA address New York date 1998 end biblist end bibdiv end document Before seeing how this affects our sample document take note of a couple of aspects of the format of nonsense 1tb REFERENCES 4 1 We have chosen to format nonsense 1tb as a complete ATX document This is so we can produce a formatted listing of our whole database by running nonsense 1tb throug
4. of formats for example author John Doe author Doe John author Doe Jr John Although BIBT X usually does a good job of parsing names into their components sometimes it needs help and experience shows that authors often have trouble telling when they need to provide such help In order to avoid these problems amsrefs takes the somewhat draconian step of requiring all names to be written in the form von Last First Jr for example author Jones John Paul author van Beethoven Ludwig author Ford Henry Jr It is essential to follow this format for all names otherwise amsrefs may produce profoundly incorrect results when it is asked to invert names i e format the name as Doe John instead of John Doe as some styles require replace the first name by its initials when the initials option is used or create a label based on the last name the alphabetic option In addition there are differences in the rules that must be followed in mark ing the text inside fields Capitalization Some BIBTpX styles will adjust the capitalization of titles to achieve a uniform style This means that authors have to be careful to put extra braces around any characters that should not be upper or lower cased For example if you were to write 5 MORE ABOUT THE BIB COMMAND 8 title An 0 n log n Sorting Network many BIBT X styles would change the title to An o nlogn sorting network possibly result
5. plural forms ycites and ocites are provided to mirror cites Finally in some author year styles if there are three or more authors cite and ocite will produce abbreviated author lists Larry et al instead of Larry Moe and Curly The full variants fullcite and fullocite will always print the full list 8 Advanced features 8 1 Field attributes Sometimes it s necessary to associate some data with a field that is not actually part of the data of the field For example consider Chinese names which are traditionally written with the family name first Li Lian Jie not Li Lian Jie or Lian Jie Li Unfortunately if you write author Li Lian Jie you will get one of the incorrect forms above On the other hand if you try to force the correct order by writing author Li Lian Jie amsrefs will be unable to process the name correctly if for example the initials or alphabetic options are requested To solve this problem you can set the inverted attribute for a given name as follows author Li Lian Jie inverted yes As you can see attributes are given as key value pairs following the the field value and separated by an asterisk The inverted attribute can be set on any name At present the only other attribute that is supported is language which can be set on any field It s value should be a valid Babel language name and will apply only to that field This can be especially useful if you need
6. the biblist environment provides the second function So if you wanted a list of references with no heading at all you could just leave out the bibdiv environment The biblist environment has an optional argument to allow changing the list parameters For example suppose you know that your bibliography has between 100 and 999 entries and you want to ensure that there is enough space allocated for the labels on the first pass You could write begin biblist resetbiblist 999 4 SECTION TITLES FOR BIBLIOGRAPHIES BIBDIV ET AL 6 to tell TFX to leave enough room for labels that are three digits long Simi larly if you want your bibliography typeset in the normal font size instead of footnotesize you could write begin biblist normalsize Want your bibliography numbered starting with 0 instead of 1 Just write begin biblist setcounter bib 1 Each biblist environment resets the bib counter so that its items are num bered starting from 1 If you want the numbering to start where the last biblist left off use the biblist environment instead Finally users familiar with the thebibliography environment may wonder why biblist doesn t have a mandatory argument to specify the longest label The reason is that the biblist environment automatically calculates the width of the longest label and stores this information in the aux file This means that the next time IATFX is run the environment will know how much space to leave for the
7. MORE ABOUT THE BIB COMMAND 11 isbn issn An International Standard Book or Serial Number These are not printed by the standard styles but are reserved for future use review A review number or similar pointer to for example Mathematical Reviews or Zentralblatt You must supply any special markup for the number i e you should write review MR 2015463 instead of review 2015463 Compound fields These are the compound fields currently supported by amsrefs book This is used for conference articles to make it easier to differenti ate between an article and the book or proceedings that it appeared in The book field can contain any of the following subfields title part subtitle edition editor translator contribution series volume publisher organization address date note It is often used in conjunction with the conference field conference The conference field can contain a title address and date bib Burkholder1986a article author Burkholder Donald L title Martingales and Fourier analysis in Banach spaces conference title C I M E Lectures address Varenna Italy date 1985 book series Lecture Notes in Math volume 1206 publisher Springer Verlag address Berlin and New York date 1986 pages 61 108 review MR 0864712 contribution This field can be repeated as many times as necessary to list any contributors other than authors editors or t
8. User s Guide to the amsrefs Package David M Jones American Mathematical Society October 27 2008 Contents 1 IntrOdMetionm ss a ee Ee HERE eee EEE EOD 1 2 Using the amsrefs package 0 0000 4 2 2 1 Direct entry of bibliography items 2 2 2 Using an 1tb database file 0 2 3 2 3 Using the amsrefs package with BibTBX 5 3 The biblist and biblist environments 5 4 Section titles for bibliographies bibdivetal 6 5 More about the bib command 04 6 5 1 Bibliography entry types 004 8 5 2 Field names for the bib command 9 Dio Whats GS HEMET o wc os il wt HH aang R ee amp 13 6 Package options o aeoe e ee ee ee ew ae SG 14 6 1 Citation labels 2 ka eee eee ee a Re ee 14 6 2 Citation sorting and compression 14 6 3 Abbreviations o a o 24 be dea ee eA kee eS 14 6 4 Miscellaneous options 0 0 00004 15 T Citing entries cite and friends 15 GL Author year citation schemes 16 8 Advanced features o oa os o boe a adoua ee i ee 17 8 1 Field attfibutes 2 4 422 eG SDE See eee ES 17 8 2 Cross references bib and the xref field 18 8 3 Compound fields revisited 2004 19 8 4 Abbreviations DefineName et al 19 8 5 Line breaks in the bibliography 0 20 1 Introduction amsrefs is a IATRX package for preparing bibliog
9. ake it easier to reuse and archive 2 3 Using the amsrefs package with BibT X Finally you can use amsrefs in conjunction with BIBT X documentclass article usepackage amsrefs begin document Alan Sokal cite Sokal196 recommends Bourbaki s text cite Bourbaki70 for a gentle introduction to set theory bibliography nonsense end document Note two things e Unlike when you use bibselect to import entries from a 1tb in this case the bb1 will contain the bibdiv and biblist environments e There is no need for a bibliographystyle command amsrefs will au tomatically invoke the correct style In fact any bibliographystyle command you put in your document will be ignored The main advantages of using BIBT X are e you can take advantage of BIBT X s ability to sort your items for you and e you can take advantage of the large number of BIBTpX database files already in existence As when using an 1tb file you may wish to replace the bibliography command by the contents of the bb1 file when you have finished compiling your bibliography 3 The biblist and biblist environments As alluded to earlier thebibliography performs two distinct functions first it produces the section heading for the bibliography and second it provides the list environment for formatting the bibliography entries In amsrefs these functions are performed by two distinct environments bibdiv and biblist As its name suggests
10. cience author Alan Sokal and Jean Bricmont 5 MORE ABOUT THE BIB COMMAND 7 publisher Picador USA address New York year 1998 However there are a number of other significant differences between the two formats Order of type and key In BIiBT X records the entry type comes first and serves to mark the start of the field and the cite key is separated from the data fields by a comma Book Sokal1B1998 In amsrefs every record begins with the bib command followed first by the cite key and then by the entry type and the data fields are preceded by an open brace not a comma bib SokalB1998 book Case sensitivity In general BIiBTpX doesn t care how you capitalize field names As far as it is concerned title TITLE and tItLe are the same field name Like T X in general though amsrefs is case sensitive All of the standard field and bibliography entry type names are spelled with all lowercase letters and must be typed exactly as shown in the documentation Mandatory braces BIBT X allows the braces around field values to be omit ted in some contexts and allows double quotes to be substituted for braces In amsrefs every field value must be surrounded by braces Repeated fields BisTpX does not allow fields to be repeated within a record amsrefs allows certain fields like author to be repeated as many times as needed Inverted names BIBTFX allows names to be entered in a variety
11. comments that are meant to suggest the variety of uses for which the type is appropriate article A relatively short but self contained item that is typically published as part of a larger collection such as a journal a conference proceedings an edited collection published as a book or even as part of a World Wide Web document book A written work by one or more authors where the authors share credit for the work as a whole For compatibility with BIBT X the following entry types are available as aliases for book collection proceedings manual and unpublished misc Anything that doesn t fit into one of the other types report A technical report white paper or the like Similar to an article but usually published and distributed by an organization such as a university or corporation whose primary business is usually not publishing Also known as a techreport thesis Like report but produced by the author for an educational institution to satisfy the requirements for a degree Not normally produced by a commercial publisher for sale 5 MORE ABOUT THE BIB COMMAND 9 5 2 Field names for the bib command The amsrefs package distinguishes between three types of fields 1 A simple field can appear only once in each record Some examples are title and publisher 2 A repeatable field can appear as many times as necessary As we saw above author is repeatable as are editor and translator but we ll see later that not al
12. d see the discussion of the language attribute on page 17 journal label When the alphabetic or shortalphabetic options are used amsrefs will usually try to generate the label on its own If necessary you can override the automatically generated label by specifying a label field language Language of the work The language name should be the printed form not a Babel style language name since in principle this field could contain more complicated remarks such as Russian with French ab stract Cf hyphenation note Any additional information that does not fit into one of the other fields number The issue number of the journal for an article or the technical report number for a report organization The school university corporation or other nonpublisher orga nization that issued the document pages part publisher series status Typically used for notes such as to appear or in preparation or unpublished with journal articles subtitle Typically used with a multipart journal article to give a subtitle for each part but it can also be used for books title type The type of a thesis e g Master s Thesis or Ph D Thesis volume xref This will be explained in section 8 2 Repeatable fields author editor translator The authors editors and or translators of the item If there are other contributors that should be acknowledged they should be listed in contribution fields see page 11 5
13. e publisher s name the third argument is the full name and the fourth will be used as the address If the short publishers option is requested then the abbreviation will be used otherwise the full name will be used Similarly the third argument of DefineJournal will be used if the short journals option is requested otherwise the fourth argument will be used The second argument is the ISSN of the journal which is not currently used but is included for future use 8 5 Line breaks in the bibliography Suppose you need to recommend to TX that it break a line in a particular place Suggesting a line break in the middle of a field presents no difficulties just edit your final bb1 file and insert a linebreak command subtitle Toward a transformative hermeneutics linebreak 3 of quantum gravity But what if you need to force a line break between two fields At first blush you might fear that subtitle hermeneutics of quantum gravity linebreak 3 will cause a line break before the comma that amsrefs normally inserts after the title hermeneutics of quantum gravity social Text Have no fear amsrefs will detect this and automatically move the comma in front of the line break as desired hermeneutics of quantum gravity Social Text
14. ers AE ae DH dh DJ dj i j L 1 NG ng OE oe O o SS ss TH th If you are using the mathscinet package any of the special characters and accents defined by it can also be used Grouping multiple physical characters into a single logical character Sometimes it s necessary to tell amsrefs to treat two or more characters as a single logical character For example consider the following names author Gagarin Yuri author Katzenbach Nicholas deBelleville If the initials option is in force amsrefs will shorten those names to Y Gagarin and N d Katzenbach These are both incorrect the first because Yu represents the transliteration of a single Cyrillic character and the second because deBelleville should be shortened to deB not just d The easiest way to force the correct interpretation is by adding braces as follows author Gagarin Yu ri author Katzenbach Nicholas deB elleville which tells amsrefs that those characters should be kept together producing the correct results Incidentally if you provide the names in already abbreviated form i e author Gagarin Yu author Katzenbach N deB it is not necessary to add the extra braces since amsrefs will not further abbre viate any word that already ends in a period but the extra braces also would do no harm Declaring new accents or special characters In some cases it may also be necessary to add a special characte
15. graphies e There is no need for a bibliographystyle command e No sorting of the bibliography items is done The entries will appear in your document in the same order that they appeared in the database files Like the bibliography command bibselect can be given multiple files to process bibselect bib1 bib2 and can be used multiple times in your document bibselect bib1 bibselect bib2 Normally each bibselect command will only import entries that have been explicitly cited in your document If you want to import all entries from a given file you can use the variant bibselect sample 3 THE BIBLIST AND BIBLIST ENVIRONMENTS 5 This is similar to the use of nocite but allows finer control You can still use nocite but with one restriction it only applies to bibselect commands that occur after it in the document The bibselect command regenerates the bb1 file each time the docu ment is ATFXed unless of course the nofiles switch is used Once your bibliography is completed you might wish to replace the bibselect command by the contents of the bb1 file to prevent any further modifications This is particularly important if you need to edit the contents of the bb1 file in any way say to re order the items or adjust the capitalization of titles to match the style of the journal you are publishing in or to put in explicit line or page breaks This will make your document more self contained which will m
16. h BTEX However this is not necessary when amsrefs treats nonsense 1tb as a database file it ignores every thing except for the bib commands 2 Each bib command in the 1tb file must begin on a new line and the first two arguments and the open brace of the third argument must be on that same line Failure to follow this format may result in amsrefs getting terribly confused and aborting the processing of your document With that out of the way let s look at how this affects our main file which we ll call sample tex documentclass article usepackage amsrefs begin document Alan Sokal cite Sokal196 recommends Bourbaki s text cite Bourbaki70 for a gentle introduction to set theory begin bibdiv begin biblist bibselect nonsense end biblist end bibdiv end document When you run this document through FTRX amsrefs will create a file sample bbl that contains all the relevant bib entries from nonsense 1tb This is very similar to using BIBT X but with a few noteworthy differences e Because all processing is being handled by TREX the contents of the bibliography can be printed on the first pass citation labels consequently are resolved on the second pass e Unlike BIBT X which adds the thebibliography environment automat ically ansrefs requires you to supply the bibdiv and biblist environ ments yourself As we shall see later this results in greater flexibility in the formatting of biblio
17. heorem 4 9 cite zz Note that there is no punctuation or other text between the cite commands Any necessary commas or other punctuation will be supplied automatically Any attempts to supply it by hand will backfire cites This is a variant of citelist provided for convenience cites aa bb cc is equivalent to citelist cite aa cite bb cite cc Note that cites does not take an optional arguments nocite This continues to work the same way that it does in standard ATEX when used with BIBT X but see page 5 for limitations when it is used with bibselect and 1tb files When the author year option is used there are some additional citation commands available as we shall see in the next section 7 1 Author year citation schemes When an author year citation scheme is used some further complications arise since different forms of citations are used depending on the grammatical context The first form is used when the citation serves as a parenthetical annotation i e it could be omitted without harming the grammatical structure of the sentence containing it For example The question first arose in systems theory Rupp and Young 1977 The second form is like the first but is used when the author name is al ready present as a natural part of the sentence and only the year should be parenthesized Rupp and Young 1977 have investigated Note that as in the first example the material in parentheses can be de
18. ing in great confusion on the part of the reader To prevent this you must surround the mathematical expression with an extra set of braces title An 0 log n Sorting Network As with name formats experience suggests that authors are often confused by BIBT X s rules and fail to properly protect their titles The good news is that amsrefs will not change the capitalization of any of your titles The bad news is that this means you are solely responsible for editing the titles of your bibliography items to match the style your publisher requires Special characters BiIBTpX is also sometimes confused by text accents or other special characters such as ae or o which also have to be sur rounded by braces for BIBTEX to process them correctly author Kurt G o del author V S o rensen amsrefs is more forgiving and will accept author G odel Kurt author S o rensen V although it is probably still a good idea to surround o with braces in the second example We ll talk more about names in sections 5 3 and 8 1 Finally although amsrefs supports many of the same field and entry types that BrpTpX does there are some differences which we will explore in the next two sections 5 1 Bibliography entry types Compared to BiBpTpX amsrefs has a relatively small number of entry types However what it lacks in diversity it makes up for in versatility Here are the supported entry types along with some descriptive
19. ive you 13 Theorem 4 9 but how do you request 13 Theorem 4 9 15 or 13 15 Theorem 4 9 2 The optional argument uses the standard ATRX syntax which has been shown to be errorprone For example a common user error is to write something like begin thm cite Theorem 4 9 xyz which results in a syntax error instead of begin thm cite Theorem 4 9 xyz The amsrefs package addresses both of these problems by providing separate commands for single and multiple citations and implementing a new syntax for optional arguments 7 CITING ENTRIES CITE AND FRIENDS 16 cite For backwards compatibility the old syntax is still supported so for example citefa b c and cite xxx work the same way they always have However for consistency we recommend that you use cite only for single cites and use citelist or cites for multiple citations In addition the square bracket notation cite is also depre cated because a superior alternative is provided cite xyz Theorem 4 9 Note that this does not suffer from the syntax problems noted above since begin thm cite xyz Theorem 4 9 does not have the same problems that begin thm cite Theorem 4 9 xyz does citelist This is used to group a number of individual cite commands into a single citation Among other things this makes it possible to add an optional argument to any of the cite commands unambiguously citelist cite xx cite yy T
20. key value pairs However with the exception of the contribution field all compound fields can also function as cross reference fields For example our example from page 9 could equally well have been coded as bib KostrikinS1965T article journal Soviet Math Dokl volume 6 date 1965 pages 715 718 F bib KostrikinS1965B article author Kostrikin A I author v S afarevi v c I R title Cartan pseudogroups and Lie p algebras journal Dokl Akad Nauk SSSR volume 168 date 1965 pages 740 742 translation KostrikinS1965T review MR 0199235 Whether this is an improvement or not is left as an exercise for the reader 8 4 Abbreviations DefineName DefineJournal and DefinePublisher The xref mechanism is fine when there are several fields that you want to group together and refer to as a unit but what if you want a handy abbreviation for a single field such as an individual author name journal or publisher These are also provided After writing DefineName dmj Jones David M 8 ADVANCED FEATURES 20 DefinePublisher ams AMS American Mathematical Society Providence DefineJournal jams 0894 0347 J Amer Math Soc Journal of the American Mathematical Society you can use these abbrevations as follows author dmj or editor dmj or translator dmj journal jams publisher ams The second argument of DefinePublisher is the abbreviated form of th
21. l repeatable fields are names 3 Briefly a compound field is one that is made up of a collection of subfields for example bib KostrikinS1965 article author Kostrikin A I author v S afarevi vi c I R title Cartan pseudogroups and Lie p algebras journal Dokl Akad Nauk SSSR volume 168 date 1965 pages 740 742 translation journal Soviet Math Dokl volume 6 date 1965 pages 715 718 review MR 0199235 Here the translation is specified with a compound field so it can have its own set of publication fields Simple fields The meaning of many of these should be self evident so comments will be kept to a minimum address Usually the address of the publisher or other issuing organization but inside the conference compound field see page 11 it refers to the address of the conference booktitle Used in the article type to specify the title of the book in which the article appeared If anything other than a simple book title is required the book compound field should be used instead date Usually the date of publication except inside the conference field where it is the date of the conference see page 11 This replaces BIiBTpX s year and month fields Its value should be written in ISO 8601 format e g 1967 02 24 The day and or month can be omitted so all of the following are valid representations of February 24 1967 date 1967 02 24 date 1967 02 date 1967
22. labels 4 Section titles for bibliographies bibdiv bibsection bibchapter As seen earlier the bibdiv environment provides an appropriate section head ing Ordinarily that s all you need to know since bibdiv will automatically switch between a chapter and a section heading depending on whether the document seems booklike or articlelike Simililarly it will use the current value of bibname or refname for the heading text However if that s not sufficient there are three more ways of customizing its behavior 1 Instead of bibdiv you can use bibchapter or bibsection to generate the appropriate type of heading 2 All three environments take an optional argument to override the text of the heading begin bibchapter Annotated Bibliography 3 For maximum flexibility you can omit the bibdiv environment entirely and optionally add an arbitrary header subsection Further reading Finally note that a further significant benefit of having separate bibdiv and biblist environments is that you can put arbitrary introductory text between the header and the list begin bibdiv Abbreviations used begin biblist 5 More about the bib command As noted earlier the syntax of the bib command is very similar to that of a BipTpX database record For example here s how the third bibliography item from section 2 2 might look in a bib file Book Sokal1B1998 title Fashionable Nonsense Postmodern Intellectuals Abuse of S
23. leted without changing the meaning of the sentence A third form is preferred by some authors when the citation serves as a direct object or other nounlike role within its sentence Consider the following example for further details see Rupp and Young 1977 Although this may appear at first glance identical with the second example it is subtly different since removing the parenthesized material results in 8 ADVANCED FEATURES 17 for further details see Rupp and Young which does affect the meaning of the sentence Another way of seeing the difference between the second and third examples is to consider how those sentences might read if numeric labels were being used Rupp and Young 14 have investigated for further details see 14 Admittedly see 14 is poor style but it does highlight the fact that in the third example Rupp and Young is part of the text we expect our cite command to generate while in the second example it is not We delegate cite to produce the primary parenthetical form Author Year and provide ycite year cite and ocite object cite as the other forms Our three examples would thus be coded as follows The question first arose in systems theory citef Rupp and Young ycite have investigated for further details see ocite For symmetry a citeauthor command which produces the list of authors without the year is also provided and
24. n Theory of Computing date 1973 address Austin Texas publisher ACM bib StockmeyerM73 article title Word Problems Requiring Exponential Time subtitle Preliminary Report author Stockmeyer L J author Meyer A R pages 1 9 xref STOC5 bib Kung73 article title The Computational Complexity of Algebraic Numbers 8 ADVANCED FEATURES 19 author Kung H T pages 152 159 xref STOC5 There are a number of things to take note of 1 The STOC5 entry uses the variant of the bib command The indi cates that this entry is for use in cross references It cannot be cited independently and will never contribute an item to a biblist If you do want the conference proceedings to appear as a separate item the easiest way is to create a separate bib item as follows bib STOC5 citable book xref STOC5 2 All bib records must occur before the entry that references them 3 Within a bib entry all fields should be treated as moving arguments see section C 1 3 of the ATX manual so any fragile commands should be preceded by protect 4 Even though the STOC5 record used the title field its title showed up as a booktitle in the other records This is the only case where a field is renamed when copied from the bib record 8 3 Compound fields revisited compound fields as cross references Earlier we saw how to use compound fields by embedding a set of
25. or mally automatically load mathscinet Define a number of special characters and accents that are sometimes encountered when downloading data from MathSciNet txtcmds Provide shorthand commands for a number of characters that are usually specified via ligatures e g for an en dash or for i Using these ligatures can cause problems if you re using fonts other than the Computer Modern Roman family or if you want to make it easy to convert your document to say HTML IAT EX does provide macros for these characters but their names tend to be rather unwieldy e g textendash and textquestiondown so txtcmds provides shorter names ndash and qd in this case msc links Redefine the MR command to create hypertext links to the Math SciNet database This option will work only if the hyperref package is installed nobysame If two or more consecutive bibliography items have the same au thors amsrefs will normally replace the author names in the second and succeeding entries by a horizontal rule This option disables this feature causing the full author names to always be printed 7 Citing entries cite and friends BTEX s standard cite command has two major shortcomings 1 It takes an arbitrary number of arguments so you can write for exam ple cite xx yy to get 13 15 But this feature does not interact well with the optional argument that s used to give a targeted citation cite Theorem 4 9 xx will g
26. ple consider the following very short document Alan Sokal 2 recommends Bourbaki s text 1 for a gentle introduc tion to set theory References 1 Nicolas Bourbaki Th orie des ensembles Hermann Paris 1970 2 Alan Sokal Trangressing the boundaries Toward a transformative herme neutics of quantum gravity Social Text 46 47 1996 217 252 Using amsrefs this document would be coded as follows documentclass article usepackage amsrefs begin document Alan Sokal cite Sokal196 recommends Bourbaki s text cite Bourbaki70 for a gentle introduction to set theory begin bibdiv begin biblist bib Bourbaki70 book title Th eorie des ensembles author Bourbaki Nicolas date 1970 publisher Hermann address Paris bib Sokal96 article title Trangressing the boundaries subtitle Toward a transformative hermeneutics of quantum gravity author Sokal Alan journal Social Text volume 46 47 date 1996 pages 217 252 end biblist end bibdiv end document Compared to the standard TEX markup for bibliographies there are two main differences REFERENCES 3 e The functions of the thebibliography environment are split between two new environments bibdiv which produces the chapter or section heading for the bibliography and biblist which contains the reference list per se These environments will be covered in more detail in sections 3 and 4 e The bibitem
27. r or accent to the list given above An accent command can be added to the list of acceptable name components by using the DeclareNameAccent command In fact amsrefs contains a declaration like DeclareNameAccent for each of the text accents listed above Declaring a new text symbol is only slightly more complicated DeclareNameSymbo1 AE ae This says that AE and ae are both allowed as text symbols inside names and furthermore that ae is the lowercase version of AE 2For pragmatic purposes note that the difference between an accent and a special character is that all the macros identified as accents take a single argument while the ones identified as special characters do not take an argument 6 PACKAGE OPTIONS 14 6 Package options The amsrefs package has a plethora of options 6 1 Citation labels By default the items in your bibliography are numbered as in the plain BIBTEX style However three other label styles are also supported via the following options alphabetic This generates alphabetic labels similar to the alpha BIBT X style consisting of the first letter s of each author name plus the year of pub lication shortalphabetic This generates a shorter alphabetic label using only the first letter of each author name author year This switches to the popular author year citation format similar to that described in The Chicago Manual of Style See section 7 1 for more information on
28. ranslators contribution type illustrations author Gorey Edward which in the default style produces with illustrations by Edward Gorey Since contributions are potentially complicated so is the contribution field e Sometimes it is necessary to add additional material to the type in order to produce intelligible text contribution type an appendix author Doe John 5 MORE ABOUT THE BIB COMMAND 12 e amsrefs tries very hard to format multiple contributions each of which may have multiple authors in an appropriate way However there might be cases where the default rules aren t flexible enough in which case you can instead use the contribution field as a simple field and format it exactly the way you want contribution some arbitrary text about contributions This feature should only be used as a last resort though partial This is used with the article type for multipart articles Like the contribution field it is repeatable It can contain any of the following fields part subtitle contribution journal volume date number pages bib Zho fan1972 article author Zho fan Z title Monomials partial part I journal Tot Math volume 19 date 1972 pages 335 350 F partial part II journal Tot Math volume 20 date 1973 pages 19 37 reprint This can be used inside an article to indicate another place usually a book where the article can al
29. raphy or reference lists It attempts to provide many of the convenient features that ATEX and BIBTEX users have come to expect without imposing all of the overhead that BIBTEX entails In particular it has been carefully designed to encourage the preser vation of structured markup of the bibliography throughout the entire lifetime of a document from rough draft to final archival version As we shall see it does this by replacing EAT X s unstructured bb1 file format by a new fully structured format The package is compatible with the showkeys hyperref and backrefs packages and implements the functionality of the popular cite package Interoperability with BIBT X is supported via a special bibliography style file but amsrefs can be used without BipTpX 1Note that unlike most packages which must be loaded before hyperref the amsrefs package must be loaded after hyperref in order to work properly 2 USING THE AMSREFS PACKAGE 2 2 Using the amsrefs package There are three ways of using the amsrefs package 1 Enter bibliography items directly in your ATEX document using the biblist environment and the bib command 2 Import items from an external 1tb file 3 Import items from a bib file using BibT X and the special bibliography styles distributed with the amsrefs package 2 1 Direct entry of bibliography items The most basic way to use amsrefs is to enter the bibliography items directly in your ATEX document For exam
30. so be found It can contain any field that the book type can bib Sokal196 article title Trangressing the boundaries subtitle Toward a transformative hermeneutics of quantum gravity author Sokal Alan journal Social Text volume 46 47 date 1996 pages 217 252 reprint title Fashionable Nonsense subtitle Postmodern Intellectuals Abuse of Science author Sokal Alan author Bricmont Jean publisher Picador USA address New York date 1998 translation This is the only compound field that can be used with any bib liography type It can contain any field that its parent type can contain We saw an example of this on page 9 5 MORE ABOUT THE BIB COMMAND 13 5 3 What s in a name We saw earlier that names must always be entered in the form von Last First Jr so that amsrefs can unambiguously determine which parts of the name correspond to the surname and which to the given name In this section we will discuss some of the other subtleties that come into play with processing names The good news is that the vast majority of the time you don t need to worry about this section As long as your names contain only the following characters you should be safe e the 26 ASCII letters the apostrophe and T X s tie and grouping characters e one of the following accent commands 7 U b c d WH k r t u v or e one of the following special charact
31. this option y2k When using the alphabetic option normally only the last two digits of the year are used in the label The y2k instructs amsrefs to use the full year 6 2 Citation sorting and compression When numeric citation labels are being used and amsrefs encounters a list of multiple citations for example cites A B or citelist cite A cite B it will normally sort the citation labels and then compress ranges of three or more consecutive labels into a range of the form n m For example the list 11 9 10 1 16 12 would first be sorted into 1 9 10 11 12 16 and then com pressed into 1 9 12 16 These options can be used to modify that behavior non compressed cites Turn off range compression citations will still be sorted Range compression is also automatically turned off if amsrefs detects that the hyperref package has been loaded non sorted cites Turn off range sorting This also turns off range compres sion as a side effect 6 3 Abbreviations These options emulate various aspects of the behavior of the BIBT X abbrv style but unlike abbrv they can be used with any of the citation label styles described above abbrev This is equivalent to requesting all four of the following options initials Replace the given names of all authors editors and translators with their initials See section 5 3 for further discussion short journals Print short form instead of full form for journal names This
32. to change the hyphenation patterns or font encoding for a single field bib Denecke1982 article author Denecke K title Pr aprimale Algebren die arithmetische Variet aten 8 ADVANCED FEATURES 18 erzeugen language german booktitle Universal Algebra and Applications series Banach Center Publ volume 9 publisher PWN address Warsaw date 1982 pages 391 398 8 2 Cross references bib and the xref field Distinct bibliography items often share a great deal of common data especially when two or more papers from a single conference are being cited bib StockmeyerM73 article title Word Problems Requiring Exponential Time subtitle Preliminary Report author Stockmeyer L J author Meyer A R pages 1 9 booktitle Conference Record of Fifth Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing date 1973 address Austin Texas publisher ACM bib Kung73 article title The Computational Complexity of Algebraic Numbers author Kung H T pages 152 159 booktitle Conference Record of Fifth Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing date 1973 address Austin Texas publisher ACM To cut down on the amount of text that has to be repeated you can put the common information in a separate entry and then include it via the xref field as follows bib STOC5 book title Conference Record of Fifth Annual ACM Symposium o
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