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1. 31 5 1 H1 AXIAL COMPRESSION AND BENDING rennen nennen 31 5 2 H2 AXIAL TENSION AND BENDING ener nnne nnns 32 A 6 APPENDIX B DESIGN REQUIREMENTS nnns 32 A6 1 B5 LOCAL BUCKLING iri o napa d Ra ei E Dus vus 32 APPENDIX F BEAMS AND OTHER FLEXURAL MEMBERS 33 AT 1 F7 WEB TAPERED MEMBERS 33 Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 1 1 ABOUT ASD WINDOWS 1 Introduction 1 1 About ASD for Windows ASD was developed according to the plug amp play principle you don t need a lot of previous knowledge to use the program Everyone experienced or not should be able to get their job done with ASD The practical design of the software was devel oped through the input of many customers and engineers We thank those people and encourage every ASD user to comment on the program ASD for Windows is integrated in the user interface of RSTAB 5 for Windows Re sults of the dimensioning process with ASD are available in the RSTAB printout re port This enables the user to present their structural analysis documents in a uni form and attractive manner ASD also allows the user to optimize sections and to export them into RSTAB for repetitive calculations RSTAB s section libr
2. When the largest computed bending stress fy occurs at the larger end of two adja cent segments of approximately equal unbraced lengths and fy is the computed ben ding stress at the smaller end of the two segment portion of the member 10 05410 m fu 0 707 1 3 gt 1 0 A F7 9 foz foz When the largest computed bending stress fy occurs at the smaller end of two adja cent segments of approximately equal unbraced lengths and fy is the computed ben ding stress at the larger end of the two segment portion of the member B 104 05310 d 2 20y 10 4 fu gt 1 0 A F7 10 b2 b2 34 Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH li APPENDIX A ASD DESIGN EQUATIONS In the foregoing y dj d d 15 calculated for the unbraced length containing the maximum computed bending stress When the computed bending stress at the smaller end of a tapered member or seg ment thereof is equal to zero B ale A F7 11 1 0 0 254 7 where d do do calculated for the unbraced length adjacent to the point of ze ro bending stress is considered as negative when producing single curvature In the rare cases where M M is positive it is recommended it be taken as zero f i fy is considered as negative when producing single curvature If a point of contraflexure occurs in one of two adjacent unbraced segments fyi fy 1s considered as positive Th
3. Circle 24 1 200 Section Section Details Library Stress Points Display Numbering Calculation Details lt lt Graphic Cancel Material No1 Steel Sections 1 3 6 7 10121315 Mask 1 2 Materials and Sections If the cursor is placed in the table of mask 1 2 1 the section library can be accessed by clicking the right mouse button or by using F7 The button Material Parameters Library can also be used More detailed explanations about this library are found in chapter 3 6 2 The lower section 1 2 2 Sections lists all sections to design including the respec tive Material Number Use column C to allow the section to be Optimized There are two ways to set the Optimize Option Either click directly in the box in column C or click on the Arrow down button to reveal a list and then select Yes Deactivating the Optimize Option is done the same way During the calculation the most suitable section of the relevant table is found should the optimization option be enabled ASD uses the previously calculated internal forces of RSTAB using the stiffness properties of the sections originally chosen in RSTAB to find the required moment of inertia and selects the section that lies just below a capacity utilisation of 100 96 In column D Remark you ll find the annotation 3 and in Comments at the bottom of mask 1 2 2 appears a
4. H ompression General Data x Location LS 5 Stress No 5 x 10 130 m m Mo existing allowable Ratio Material Parameters and Set of Element No 1 Elements 3 6 Design Parameters 0 000 151 0 00 14 89 Er Pesut 1 x 1 Max Stresses by Sectior Bending Stress 22 6 1 1 Stresses in Sets of p on ding Stress 33 Max Stresses in Element Shear Stress 2 Max Stresses in x Locati Shear Stress 3 Stresses in All Stress Po G 2 intendi F Torsion Stress oveming niema FOC Bending Parts List Compression and Ben 0 31 0 833131 0 31 Max Min 0 94 N cm 2 13 0 94 N cm 2 13 Comments i EE Equation for allowable stress 2 2 beam member with COMPACT elements lb rt ratio Details Q en exceeded value 200 causes failure slenderness ratio K I r exceeded 200 compression H J Numbering Values d E Graphic Cancel Help Mask 2 2 Max Stresses by Set of Elements 3 12 2 Mask 2 3 Max Stresses by Elements In mask 2 3 Max Stresses in Elements the maximum stresses of each element are listed ASD Demo 4 File Edit Help asp1 Stress Analysis 2 3 Max Stresses in Elements IPE 550 Input Data Compression and Bending General Data Element No 1 x 6 000 m Material Parameters and Element No 1 Section No 1 IPE 550 Design Parameters Result Tension 0
5. Stress Points IPE 360 Points 140 FE Stress Points 80x4 E Stress Points Circle 24 E Stress Points 200 Ey Results Max Stresses by Sections Max Stresses in Elements Max Stresses in x Locations E Governing Internal Forces lt E Parts List by Elements L El Design Details in Elements 8132311311333 tEEEEEEEEEEEE ASD Data and Results in the Printout Report In ASD you have all editing tools and options as described in the RSTAB manual If you have a fully licensed version of ASD you ll have more selection pages for the ASD data The Selection can be accessed with Edit Global Selection In the left hand window of the global selection window select the Program ASD 20 Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 3 14 RESULTS Printout Report Selection D1 4 Program Global Selection Input Data Results Display ASD Data Input Data v Results ASD Cases to Display Display All amp SD Cases Existing amp SD Cases ASD Cases to Display Stress Analysis Cover Contents Cancel ASD Selection Main Selection In the tab folder Main Selection first select the main chapters for the printout re port found under Display If you choose not to Display All ASD Cases you can choose individual Existing ASD Cases with ASD Cases to Display To shift single cases from one l
6. A4 1 G2 Allowable Stresses When the web depth to thickness ratio exceeds 970 the maximum bending stress in the compression flange shall not exceed F Fy Rpg G2 1 where F applicable bending stress given in Chapter F ksi A Rro 1 ones 7 lt 1 0 Af t JF 12 e fe R cou lt 10 e A MT 1242 non hybrid girders Re 1 0 A area of web at he section under investigation in Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 29 li APPENDIX A ASD DESIGN EQUATIONS A area of compression flange in a 0 6Fy F lt 1 0 A4 2 G3 Allowable Shear Stress with Tension Field Ac tion Except as herein provided the largest average web shear f in kips per sq In com puted for any condition of complete of partial loading shall not exceed the value gi ven by Equation F4 2 Alternatively for girders other than hybrid girders if intermediate stiffeners are pro vided and spaced to satisfy the provisions of Sect G4 and if C lt 1 the allowable shear including tension field action given by Equation G3 1 is pemitted in lieu of the value given by Equation F4 2 Ta 1 C F C _ lt 040F G3 6152 1 15414 a n Equation G3 1 recognises the contribution of tension field action A4 3 G5 Combined Shear and Tension Stress Plate girder webs which depend upon tension field action as provided in Equation
7. G3 1 shall be so proportioned that bending tensile stress due to moment in the plane of the girder web shall not exceed 0 60F nor 0 375 Fy G5 1 F where f computed average web shear stress total shear divided by web area F allowable web shear stress according to Equation G3 1 ksi The allowable shear stress the webs of girders having flanges and webs with yield point greater than 65 ksi shall not exceed the values given by Equation F4 2 if the flexural stress in the flange fy exceeds 0 75 F 30 Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH li APPENDIX A ASD DESIGN EQUATIONS A 5 Chapter H Combined Stresses This chapter pertains to doubly and singly symmetrical sections only See Chapter E for determination of F and Chapter for determination of F and Fpy A5 1 1 Axial Compression and Bending Members subjected to both axial compression and bending stresses shall be propor tioned to satisfy the following requirements C fa y __ Gm Soe e g my Soy lt 1 0 1 1 f f 1 F F Cx Jo la Soy lt 1 0 1 2 0 6F F Fy X When fa Fa lt 0 15 Equation H1 3 is permitted inlieu of Equations H1 1 and H1 2 fa 4 fox J i E iy lt 1 0 H1 3 a In equations H1 1 H1 2 and H1 3 the subscripts x and y combined with sub scripts b m and e indicate the ax
8. Set Anet Agross Ratio 0 82000 v Set Effective Length Default Lengths and Coefficients Set All Lengths as Element Length v Coefficients taken from Beam End Moments Apply Cancel Help 3 10 Calculation After starting the Calculation ASD searches for the necessary RSTAB results If none are available RSTAB automatically calculates the internal forces Note that RSTAB Calculation Parameters are used during this action If activated the optimi zation of the sections is carried out and the stresses of all sections are determined In the case of tapered elements only the beginning and ending sections can be opti mized The moments of inertia as well as the stresses are then calculated for inter mediate points This method 15 an exact calculation of all necessary statical values It is unnecessary to enter intermediate nodes and sections ASD uses the following equations in determining the relevant stresses Normal stress o positive Tension negative Compression caused by axial force N and bending moment M and Tension Members N N i Gross A xn Si Na E A Gross Net A Gross Gross cross sectional Area ANet Net cross sectional Area 8 Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH li 3 10 CALCULATION Compression Members Beams and other Flexural Members tho ri Bending about the strong axis 2 2 Zi ae Ben
9. contains the results of the max stresses for every ele ment Load System Load Group and Load Combination selected in mask 1 1 under Details The results are sorted by section For each Stress Type the Element No x Location S Point No LS No Stress ex ist ing Stress allow able and Stress Ratio are displayed The so called stress ratio 15 the stress utilization factor and is the quotient relating existing to allowable stresses The stress ratio of the section in the last column is calculated according to the setting in mask 1 1 under Details of Governing Internal Forces for If the ratio 1s greater Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 11 3 12 MASK 2 1 MAX STRESSES BY SECTION 12 D than 1 the number is printed in bold font for quick reference The max stress of the various individual stress components may be located at different points Therefore please note that you cannot neccesarily add the results of the single stress compo nents in the lines unless they all occur at the same stress point 3 12 1 Mask 2 2 Max Stresses by Set of Ele ments Stresses can be sorted according to the Sets of Elements defined in RSTAB mask 2 2 In addition the relevant Element No of the Set of Elements 15 listed in Column B ASD Demo 4 X File Edit Help 501 Stress Analysis 2 2 Max Stresses in Sets of Elements Input Data Sa ee IPE 450 tress kN cm 2 hh
10. the allowable stress 1s F 0 60F F2 2 Doubly symmetrical I and H shapes members bent about their weak axes except members with yield points greater than 65 ksi with noncompact flanges Sect B5 continuously connected to the web may be designed on the basis of an allowable stress of b F 0 05 Ea JF F2 3 f A3 3 F3 Allowable Stress Bending of Box Members Rectangular Tubes and Circular Tubes Members with Compact Sections For members bent about their strong or weak axes members with compact section sas defined in Sect B5 and flanges continuously connected to the webs the allow able stress 15 F 0 66F F3 1 To be classified as a compact section a box shaped member shall have in addition to the requirements in Sect B5 a depth not greater than 6 times the width a flange Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 27 APPENDIX A ASD DESIGN EQUATIONS 2 thickness not greater than 2 times web thickness a laterally unsupported length L less than or equal to M L 1950 1200 Es F3 2 M F 2 y except that it need not be less than 1200 b F where M is the smaller and M the larger bending moment at the ends of the unbraced length taken about the strong end of the member and where the ratio of the end moments is positive when have the same sign single curvature bending and negative when they are
11. 000 ies st TION Compression 0 000 5165885 Dy vecilor ll Bending Stress 2 2 6 000 Max Stresses in Sets of 5 MaxS in El Bending Stress 3 3 0 000 at Shear Stress 2 0 000 id diens a Shear Stress 3 0 000 tresses in All Stress Polli Torsion Stress 0 000 Goveming Internal Force Tension and Bending 0 000 Parts List Compression and Bendin 6 000 Element No 2 Section No 1 IPE 55 1 2 12227 1 27 Tension 0 000 Compression 0 000 Bending Stress 2 2 6 000 Bending Stress 3 3 0 000 Shear Stress 2 0 000 Max 228 1 10 Shear Stress 3 0 000 1 13 Torsion Stress 0 000 0 00 2 1 00 Cm3 1 00 D yr pw E E quation for allowable stress H1 3 beam member with COMPACT elements Details amp RQ Section Stresses J Numbering Values is ES Graphic Cancel Help Mask 2 3 Max Stresses by Element Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 3 12 MASK 2 1 MAX STRESSES BY SECTION 3 12 9 Mask 2 4 Max Stresses by x Location Mask 2 4 Max Stresses by x Location lists all stresses in the RSTAB defined divi sion points These points may not necessarily correspond to the locations of the maximum internal forces Therefore the locations of the max existing values are listed as well STEEL ASDtest EN xj File Edit Help srEEL1 Str
12. 12 500 0 000 7 094 RAHMECK E DSTV DOWEL xl Press F1 for help Graphic Display for Results of ASD After clicking on Graphic you ll immediately see the stress distribution and ASD Stress window In the stress window it s possible to determine which stress 1s set to be displayed and the relative size of the stress distribution contour with respect to the elements of the structure With Set the changed settings are applied to the dis play All applies the changed factor to all windows displaying stresses ASD takes you back to the ASD masks If there is more than one case the various ASD cases can be viewed by selecting them from the drop down list box in the main display This is the same list box as the one that lets you flip through various load systems Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 19 3 14 RESULTS With Print you can print the graphic just like any other graphic of RSTAB either to the printout report or directly to the printer To print the numerical results of ASD a Printout Report must first be opened or created in RSTAB New Printout Report Printout Report Repart No f E dit Description m Chapters Printout Report Template Description fi All Chapters Edit New Create Printout Report 6 From Page to Page May cause a delay when changing pages C Before Opening May cause a delay while creating the printout report Cancel
13. Hep New Printout Report DK Set up the printout report as described in RSTAB It is created through the options Printout Report Printout Report Template and Create Printout Report The re port includes the ASD results and 1s processed by clicking on OK The printout report is unique for RSTAB ASD and all other additional modules It is made so all data can be handled in one document Since the data may be very large it is important to work with selections and printout report templates This speeds up the creation and display of the printout report and helps prevents your computer from running out of memory imi Printout Report D1 Alle Kapitel File Edit Insert Options Help DE MA S SARA E Contents E E RSTAB General Data C Structural Data Loads E Ls Groups o 15 Combinations E E LC SC Results gis ges m creep p 2 21 42734 idi DN iiit 4 3 501 Stress Analysis er i ERN em 12 12172 HU STER 12 121 2 Ha STER Ibe Dara Id TMMEI S OT Ingenisurb ru onion Mu ciermann Ingenisurh ru Mu ciermann LI n El General Data PORTS OR Od x E Material Parameters E Sections Design Parameters E Stress Points Stress Points IPE 500 Er Stress Points IPE 360 Er Stress Points IPE 450 Er Stress Points 160 E Stress Points 120
14. Weight 2 4 Stresses in Locations of Elements 2 5 Stresses in All Stress Points Method of Stress 2 6 Governing Internal Forces for Ea eee dosi a n for LS Combinations 2 7 Parts List Of All Elements Only of Dimensioned Elements Stresses from Inner Forces Calculate Stresses from Stresses to Calculate 55 single Load Systems in LE and then combine stresses Tension Shear2 Tension and Bending according to LC criteria Compression Shear3 Compression and Bending v Bending 2 2 v Torsion V Bending 3 3 All Standard Cancel Help ASD Details Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 5 3 8 MASK 1 2 MATERIALS AND SECTIONS Default Cancel llli Material Parameters Library 6 Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH The result masks 2 1 to 2 7 can be activated under Display Result Masks In mask 2 6 Governing Internal Forces for you can also select for which stress type the governing internal forces are to be displayed Use the Arrow Down key to change the selection in the listbox In 2 7 Parts List check whether you want the parts list Of All Elements or Only of Dimensioned Elements Under Stresses to Calculate you can activate the desired stress type by clicking in the appropriate check boxes will activate all stress
15. comment 3 The section will be optimized The most opti mal section of the table will be sought out li 3 9 5 1 3 DESIGN PARAMETERS If the annotation is 7 it means 7 The section will not be designed because no ele ments use this section Annotation 1 means The section will not be designed because its section data is not defined In this case you must return to RSTAB and enter the necessary data After optimization you may need to recalculate the RSTAB results with the new op timized sections The effect of the changed stiffnesses in the structure may have an effect on the internal forces especially 1f a second order P Delta analysis has been carried out The transferal of the optimized section to RSTAB 1s done via the pull down menu Edit Export Optimized section to RSTAB Just recalculate the stresses in ASD again and the RSTAB results will be calculated at the same time It may also be necessary to optimize them once more With this repetitive action you should be able to find the best and most efficient section Section Properties displays the relevant statical data of the current section while Properties Section Library provides access to the section library which should already be fa miliar from RSTAB Sections In the right hand window of mask 1 2 2 the section is displayed together with its Library Stress Points and their Numbering blended in if desired 3 9 Mask 1 3 Design Paramete
16. of the finger Go To Section jumps to the current section in mask 1 2 2 Go To jumps to the desired location Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH li 3 14 RESULTS BoTo Cross sectio f No o Description ja 1 IPE 500 Cancel Hep Go To Depending on the mask you can quickly jump to the desired Element or Section Therefore enter a number or select an item from the displayed list 3 131 Help Alt H opens the help system 3 14 Results Graphic Display After the calculation the results can be displayed by pressing Graphic The current ASD Case 1s shown 18 x File Edit View Insert Calculation Results Tools Mask Additional Modules Window Help 81 xj D S8ugG5e A4H OQAQRRRAF P4144 ZENON XK oe RSTAB Test RST Files 90 Stress s Compression and Bendir f 024 set All Printout Reports 4 Additional Modules ai 1 1 Node Coordinates xj E EL PL EBERER e mim E IRE X 3e ze m m S 53 BGDK Node Coordinates 2 FE BGDK x m Y m Z m Comments FE BEUL Cartesi 0 000 0 000 0 000 Gelagert CONCRETE Carlesi 25 000 0 000 0 000 Gelagert TIMBER Cartesi 0 000 0 000 6 000 DEFORM zs 3 000 0 000 6 261 B zU T i 6 250 0 000 6 546 STIRNPL
17. stress is b F F LEA F1 3 For built up members meeting the requirements of Sect F1 1 except that their flanges are noncompact and their webs are compact or noncompact excluding hy brid girders and members with yield points greater than 65 ksi the allowable stress is 24 Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH li APPENDIX A ASD DESIGN EQUATIONS by PF 0002 1 4 21 k 4 05 i i where k PEA if h t gt 70 otherwise 1 0 h t For members with noncompact section Sect B5 but not included above and loa ded through the shear center and braced laterally in the region of compression stress at intervals not exceeding 76 b J P 0 6 Members with Compact Noncompact Sections with Unbraced Length Greater than L For flexural members with compact or noncompact sections as defined in Sect B5 1 and with unbraced lengths greater than L as defined in Sect F1 1 the allowable bending stress in tension is determined from Equation F1 5 For such members with an axis of symmetry in and loaded in the plane of their web the allowable bending stress in compression is determined as the larger value from Equations F1 6 or F1 7 and F1 8 except that Equation F1 8 is only applica ble to sections with a compressive flange that 15 solid and approximately rectangular in cross section and that has an area not less than the tension flange
18. types Under Units the required units for Stresses Single Weight and Total Weight can be set from a list box with the use of the Arrow Down button The most common val ues have been set to default so usually no changes are necessary Default resets the default values to include all options OK closes the window and adopts all changes Cancel closes the window and discards all changes 3 8 Mask 1 2 Materials and Sections In this two part mask the allowable stresses are entered in the top section and these are used to check against the calculated stresses For many materials these allow able stresses are already stored in the materials library and are used automatically in ASD At any time however you can change any of the values in mask 1 2 1 Mate rial Parameters or make permanent changes in the library ASD ASD X File Edit Help 501 Stress Analysis 1 2 1 Material Parameters Input Dat E Ez ees sem eee preme x i od Data Material Yield Point Tension Strength Modulus of Elasticity Material P i 45525 Description kN cm 2 kN cm 2 kN cm 2 7 2 T las Steel A36 7 24 82 39 99 19993 80 ASD 3th edition pru 2 Steel 4572 Grade 50 3447 4481 19993 80 ASD 8th Edition Material Parameters Library 1 2 2 Sections Section Description IPE 450 HE A 160 HE A 120 2 360 140 GRO 804 DODODODDODs sl
19. A 1 CHAPTER D TENSION 85 22 AT1 1 D1 ALLOWABLE STRESSES 22 A1 2 03 1 PIN CONNECTED MEMBERS 22 A 2 CHAPTER E COLUMNS AND OTHER COMPRESSION MEMBERS 23 A2 1 E1 EFFECTIVE LENGTH AND SLENDERNESS 23 2 2 E2 ALLOWABLE STRESSES 23 CHAPTER F BEAMS AND OTHER FLEXURAL 5 24 A3 1 F1 ALLOWABLE STRESS STRONG AXIS BENDING OF I SHAPED MEMBERS AND CHANNELS 24 A3 2 F2 ALLOWABLE STRESS WEAK AXIS BENDING OF I SHAPED MEMBERS SOLID BARS AND RECTANGULAR PLATES eene nnns 26 A3 3 F3 ALLOWABLE STRESS BENDING OF BOX MEMBERS RECTANGULAR TUBES AND CIRCULAR TUBES 27 A3 4 F4 ALLOWABLE SHEAR 585 28 A 4 CHAPTER G PLATE 65 29 A4 1 G2 ALLOWABLE 8 5 29 A4 2 G3 ALLOWABLE SHEAR STRESS WITH TENSION FIELD ACTION 30 A4 3 G5 COMBINED SHEAR AND TENSION 58 30 A 5 CHAPTER COMBINED STRESSES
20. DI F F 65 H 550 Stress Location LS Stress kN cm 2 Stress Pending Stress 2 2 General Data m Element No 2 x 6 000 m Type m No existing allowable Ratio Material Parameters and Section No 1 IPE 550 Design Parameters 0 000 LGT 0 00 1489 000 Er Compression 0 000 1 LCN 1 02 570 018 Max Stresses Sectior 6 000 151 2072 921 225 Max Stresses in Element 0000 1 151 ooo 1861 000 Max Stresses in x Locatii c aar Stress 2 0 000 151 000 9393 000 Governing Internal Forci o aar Stress 3 0000 13 LGI 171 393 017 Torsion Stress 0000 1 161 0040 393 000 Tension and Bend 0 000 LG1 0 00 Compression and 6 000 LG1 2 43 Section No 2 IPE Tension Compression Bending Stress 2 Bending Stress 3 Shear Stress 2 Shear Stress 3 Torsion Stress Comments Equation for allowable stress F1 5 beam member with COMPACT elements Q n Section Stresses Numbering v Values E Iss Graphic T N m M N 0 000 LGI 000 1483 0100 10 130 LCI N 0 31 1 70 0 53 10 130 LG1 17 04 503 3 39 0 000 LG 000 1861 000 0 000 LG1 000 993 000 em 10 130 264 89 027 2072 5 0 000 LG1 000 9931 000 Mask 2 1 Max Stresses by Section Mask 2 1 Stresses by Section
21. Higher values of the allowable compressive stress are permitted if justified by a more precise analysis Stresses shall not exceed those permitted by Chapter G 1f applicable For channels bent about their major axis the allowable compressive stress 1s deter mined from Equation F1 8 When 102 103 2 1510 10 I Fr I l rp F eee Me F lt 0 60F 1 6 3 1530 10 _ 510x10 C Tubs pee aes en rr Es When Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 25 li APPENDIX A ASD DESIGN EQUATIONS 170 10 Trey F lt 0 60F F1 7 T For any value of 7 12x10 C lt 0 60F F1 8 ld A where distance between cross sections braced against twist or lateral displacement of the compression flange in For cantilevers braced against twist only at the support may be conservatively be taken as the actual length rr radius of gyration of a section comprising the compression flange plus 1 3 of the compression web area taken about an axis in the plane of the web in 2 of the compression flange in C 1 75 1 05 0 3 M M_ but not more than 2 3 where M is the smaller and M the larger bending moment at the ends of the unbraced length taken about the strong axis of the member where M Mb the ratio of end moments is positive when M and M have the same sign single curvature
22. Program ASD For use with Windows 95 98 ME NT 4 0 2000 XP Additional RSTAB Module For Stress Analyses according AISC ASD 9 Edition User Manual Version June 2002 All rights including those of the translation are reserved No portion of this book may be reproduced mechanically electronically or by any other means including photocopying without written permission of ING SOFTWARE DLUBAL GMBH While every precaution has been taken in the preparation and translation of this manual ING SOFTWARE DLUBAL GMBH assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions or for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein ING SOFTWARE DLUBAL GMBH Am Zellweg 2 e 93464 Tiefenbach e Germany Telephone 49 96 73 92 03 23 Telefax 49 96 73 17 70 eMail info dlubal com Internet http www dlubal com li TABLE OF CONTENTS cese P 2 1 1 ABOUT ASD FOR WINDOWS Ee SEA 2 2 ASD Development 2 3 ICItupDImEe ms 3 3 1 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS tes quce RUE eta ui 3 3 2 INSTALLATION 0 HA CAS 3 3 3 WORKING WITH 3 34 STARING ASD 3 9 9 MASK
23. S asiste Acn Itu osea ceu aD d 4 9 05 INPUT MASKS ouis oes ever ess R VS PUT cua dE 5 3 7 MASK 1 1 GENERAL DATA ose 5 3 8 MASK 1 2 MATERIALS AND 8 6 3 9 MASK 1 3 DESIGN PARAMETERS 7 3 10 CALCULATION 8 STk RESULT MASKS or 10 3 12 MASK 2 1 STRESSES BY 11 3 12 1 Mask 2 2 Max Stresses by Set of Elements 12 3 12 2 Mask 2 3 Max Stresses by Elements 12 3 12 3 Mask 2 4 Max Stresses by Location 13 3 12 4 Mask 2 5 Stresses at every Stress Point 13 3 12 5 Mask 2 6 Governing Internal Forces essere 14 3 12 5 MaSK 2 7 Parts EISE 14 2 19 PUEEDOWN MENUS 5 5 2 asc oen exa cure ce abes 15 X Fo eG ID gemens cR ree rH etn e E d Rem M TS 19 9 14 RESULTS saccis erc LA 19 Appendix A ASD Design Equations 22
24. Stress 0 000 LG1 0 00 Comments Stresses Equation for allowable stress D1 on gross area beam member with COMPACT elements Details Section Numbering Values gt Graphic Cancel Help 0 00 kN cm 2 13 0 00 kN cm 2 13 ajal Mask 2 5 Stresses at every Stress Point Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 13 3 12 MASK 2 1 MAX STRESSES BY SECTION 3 12 5 Mask 2 6 Governing Internal Forces This mask lists the governing internal forces for each element These are the internal forces and moments that result in the largest stress for the element In mask 1 1 General Data you can set to which stress type that these internal forces should be related by clicking on Details ASD Demo 4 File Edit Help asp1 Stress Analysis 2 6 Governing Internal Forces Input Dat ee x Location Moments kNm General Data m M 2 M aterial Parameters and 6 000 79 483 19 Design Parameters 6 000 A 505 65 Results 0 000 0 00 483 19 Max Stresses by Sectior 9120 0 00 0 00 Max Stresses in Sets of 10 130 0 00 95 255 47 Baronne dak 2410 0004 11542 505 65 Max Stresses in x Locati Stresses in All Stress Po Governing Internal Force Parts List Graphic Cancel Help Mask 2 6 Governing Inte
25. ary is fully supported and all sections that are added there can be dimensioned All sec tions generated with SHAPE and DICKQ the section property tools of Ing Software Dlubal GmbH are also supported Furthermore ASD has been pro grammed with 32 bit technology which results in a extremely fast stress calcula tions Finally the use of the online help system is encouraged It can be accessed with the F1 key We hope RSTAB and ASD will contribute to the success of your work and com pany 2 he ASD Development Team The following people took part in developing ASD for Windows Program Coordination Dipl Ing Georg Dlubal Dipl Ing FH Walter Rustler Ing Pavel Barto e Programming Petr Snopek Dr Ing Jaroslav Lain e Program Supervision and Quality Control Dipl Ing FH Walter Rustler Robert Gannon B Eng M Sc e Manual and Help System Robert Gannon B Eng M Sc 2 Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH li 3 4 STARTING ASD 3 ASD Installation 3 1 System Requirements To use RSTABS and ASD comfortably we recommend the following minimum sys tem requirements e Operating System Windows 95 98 NT 4 0 Processor with 200 MHz 32 Megabyte RAM e CD ROM and 3 5 disk drive for installation e 2 Gigabyte total hard disk capacity with about 50 Megabyte reserved for installation e Graphic card with a resolution of 1024 x 768 pixels With t
26. bending and nega tive when they are of opposite signs reverse curvature bending When the bending moment at any point within the unbraced length is larger than that at boh ends of this length the value of C shall be taken as unity C may be taken conservatively as unity For hybrid plate girders F for Equations F1 6 and F1 7 is the yield stress of the compression flange Equation F1 8 shall not apply to hybrid girders Sect F1 3 does not apply to tee sections if the stem 15 in compression anywhere a long the unbraced length A3 2 F2 Allowable Stress Weak Axis Bending of I Shaped Members Solid Bars and Rectangular Pla tes 26 Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH li APPENDIX A ASD DESIGN EQUATIONS Lateral bracing is not required for members loaded through the shear center about their weak axis nor for members of equal strength about both axes Members with Compact Sections For doubly symmetrical I and H shape members with compact flanges Sect B5 continuously connected to the web and bent about their weak axis except members with yield points greater than 65 ksi solid round and square bars and solid rectan gular sections bent about their weaker axis the allowable stress 1s F 0 75F F2 1 Members with Noncompact Sections For members not meeting the requirements for compact sections of Sect B5 and not covered in Sect F3 bent about their minor axis
27. ding about the weak axis 3 3 8 5 Si Elastic Section Moduli in accordance with l3 DiS 3 i I 3 5 L L Moments of Inertia refering to the axes 2 3 Distance Eccentricity from the Center of Graity to the relevant stress point in direc tion 2 or 3 Shear Stress due to Shear Forces V and and Torsional Moments qmd Ty Shear Stress component according to the following equation V Qi V4 Ap re METERS It t Thickness of the section at Stress Point 1 0 Statical Moments at Stress Point i refering to axes 2 and 3 TT Contribution of Torsion Moment with I Cp a for thin walled open sections St Venant and T Tri for closed tubular sections Bredt 25 Pn t J Torsional Constant A mean enclosed area for Stress Point 1 m I The formulae for determining the allowable stresses are listed in Appendix A Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 9 3 11 REsuLT MASKS 10 Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 3 11 Result Masks All results are displayed in result masks 2 1 to 2 5 inclusively The section under consideration is displayed in a graphic to the right The stresses displayed in this graphic change to correspond with the stress item selected in the tabular section to the left The graphic can be shown with or without numbering or values and can be e
28. e ratio fyi fy 0 Allowable Shear The allowable shear stress of tapered flexural members shall be in accordance with Sect F4 Combined Flexure and Axial Force Tapered members and unbraced segments thereof subjected to both axial compres sion and bending stresses shall be proportioned to satisfy the following requirement C Ca Ld 4 Fay 1 fe Py I5 and RS 0 A F7 13 0 60 F m When fao Fay lt 0 15 Equation A F7 14 is permitted in lieu of Equations A F7 12 and A F7 13 Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 35 li APPENDIX A ASD DESIGN EQUATIONS E 2 lt 10 A FT F by 14 where Fay axial compressive stress permitted in the absence of bending moments ksi Fay bending stress permitted in the absence of axial force ksi F ey Euler stress divided by factor of safety ksi equal to I2z E 23 K 1 1 P where is the actual unbraced length in the plane of bending and 15 the corre sponding radius of gyration at ist smaller end Tio computed axial stress at the smaller end of the member or unbraced segment thereof as applicable ksi computed bending stress at the larger end of the member unbraced seg ment thereof as applicable ksi coefficient applied to bending term in interaction equation 2 10 01 fao 03 PF PF when the member is subjected to end moments which cause si
29. efault setting set on All This can be deacti vated by clicking on the check mark in the box to the left of All Then the input line can be edited and the numbers of the elements to design can be entered manually To make this selection graphically use the Pick button The lists for Existing Load Systems LS Groups and LS Combinations and Selected for Design are located in the middle section To select one or several load systems LS groups or LS combinations for the stress analysis just double click on your choice from the lists It will be moved to the To Design list This can also be done by marking your selected load systems LS groups and LS combinations and then using the button gt If the button gt gt is used all existing load systems LS groups or LS combinations are moved to the right To remove single or all load systems LS groups or LS combinations use the buttons or in the same way In addition it is possible to add Comments to every ASD case Before the Calcula tion is started check Details for the correct settings of several parameters Usu ally they are set on an appropriate default setting x Display Result Masks Unts v 2 1 Maximum Stresses by Section Stresses kN 2 2 2 Maximum Stresses in Sets of Elements Single Weight s 2 3 Maximum Stresses in Elements Total
30. elements of the current section to the list Elements to Design This function is useful for expanding an existing list with the elements of another section Remove Elements of this Section from List removes the elements of the current section from the list Elements to Design Import Section from RSTAB Imports the section of the current Section Number from RSTAB This function is useful to reset the ASD section with the one from RSTAB Section Properties displays all available properties of the current section Materials Library Opens the window with the table of the entered allowable stresses Materials Library E X ee ix Stress u Stress Modulus of Elasticity ERER cm 2 2 kM cm 2 Code SteelASB 5 ASB k 8888 38 13333 i ASD oth edition 2 Stel 20 4 1983 80 ASD Sth Edition 4 4488 1998380 ASD 9th Edition StedA5 2 rade42 2886 47 1898380 ASD ShEdtian Mew E dit Delete Cancel Help ASD Materials Library Next to the Material Number you see the Material Description and the correspond ing yield and tensile stresses moduli of elasticity and reference to the code of prac tise You can select a material with all its parameters by placing the cursor into the corresponding line and pressing OK or Enter With New a new material can also be entered into the library for
31. ember r radius of gyration Kl r slenderness ratio For limiting slenderness ratios see Sect B7 A2 2 E2 Allowable Stresses For axially loaded compression members whose cross sections meet the provisions of Table B5 1 when the largest slenderness ratio Kl r lt C the allowable stress is 2 m c 2 y E he 2 1 5 MALY _ KI r 3 8C 8C 2 where 82 When exceeds C the allowable stress 15 E 127 E E2 2 23 KI rY Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 23 li APPENDIX A ASD DESIGN EQUATIONS A 3 Chapter F Beams and other flex ural members A3 1 F1 Allowable Stress Strong Axis Bending of l Shaped Members and Channels l Members with Compact Sections For members with compact sections excluding hybrid members and members with yield points greater than 65 ksi symmetrical about and loaded in the plane of their minor axis the allowable stress 1s F 0 66 F1 1 provided the flanges are connected continuously to the web or webs and the laterally unsupported length of the compression flange L does not exceed the value of L as given by the smaller of 76b 20000 D on F1 2 JF d A F pA Members with Noncompact Sections For members meeting the requirements of Sect F1 1 except that their flanges are noncompact excluding built up memebers and members with yield points greater than 65 ksi the allowable
32. en ee ee ae ee rs Yield Stress Tensile Stress Modulus of Elasticity kN cm 2 Pick Mew Section From Library Edit List Elements to Design Import Sections from RSTAB kN cm 2 kN cm 2 Code 24 82 39 99 19993 80 ASD 3th edition Section Properties Materials Library Materials Library Go To Section Go Stresses in All Stress Po Governing Internal Force Parts List 15 650 190 9 4 14 6 21 15 450 190 9 4 14 6 21 E E 2 z Comments Section Section 4 gt Details Library Display Stress Points Numbering Calculation Details x Graphic Cancel sports the changed sections to RSTAB and deletes results Pulldown Menu Edit Export Optimized Sections to RSTAB transfers the sections optimized in ASD to RSTAB If the ASD calculation is started all the necessary RSTAB results are calculated automatically as well Please note that exporting sections from ASD to RSTAB also deletes all RSTAB results Import New Section from Library Opens the section library Here you can select a section for use in ASD Note that it will not automatically be adopted in RSTAB at the same time Edit List Elements to Design Offers a fast way to edit the list of Elements to Design in mask 1 1 The menu items under this function are only enabled if mask 1 2 Materials and Sections 18 o
33. ent in single cur vature For compression members in frames braced against joint translation in the plane of loading and subjected to transverse loading between their supports the value of Cm may be determined by an analysis However in lieu of such an analysis the foloow ing values are permitted 1 For members whose ends are restrained against rotation in the plane of bend ing 80 05 For members whose ends are unrestrained against rotaion in the plane of bending 1 0 A5 2 H2 Axial Tension and Bending Members subjected to both axial tension and bending stressess shall be proportioned at all points along their length to satisfy the following equation o lt 1 0 H2 1 Ja Tix Jo F X A 6 Appendix B Design Requirements A6 1 B5 Local Buckling Stiffened Compression Elements 32 Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH li APPENDIX A ASD DESIGN EQUATIONS For axially loaded circular sections Members with diameter to thickness ratios D t greater than 3 300 Fy but having a diameter to thickness ratio of less than 13 000 Fy shall not exceed the smaller value determined by Sect E2 nor Ms 0 40 F A B5 9 t A 7 Appendix F Beams and other Flex ural Members AT 1 F7 Web Tapered Members Allowable Compressive Stress On the gross section of axially loaded tapered compression members the allowable compressive stress in kips p
34. er sq In shall not exceed the following When the effective slenderness ratio S 1s less than C A 10 2 Jr Md 225 38 S 3 3 8C 8C ay When the effective slenderness ratio S exceeds 12 2 A F7 3 ay Allowable Flexural Stress Tension and compression stresses on extreme fibres of tapered flexural members in kips per sq in shall not exceed the following values 2 Py F 4 1 0 F 0 60F A F7 i 6B JE FA 4 unless lt 3 which case 2 2 BAF 7 5 Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 33 li APPENDIX A ASD DESIGN EQUATIONS In the above equations 12x10 Y hid tA pora 5 f 170 x 10 Em A F7 7 hL where hs factor equal to 1 0 0 0230 114 hw factor equal to 1 0 0 03857 JL rr radius of gyration of a section at the smaller end considering only the com pression flange plus 1 3 of the compression web area taken about an axis in the plane of the web in area of the compression flange in And where B is determined as follows When the maximum moment M2 in three adjacent segments of approximately equal unbraced length 15 located within the central segment and is the larger moment at one end of the three segment portion of a member 1 0 03710 0 50 1 0 gt 1 0 A F7 8
35. ernal Forces Elements All m v Parts List by Elements Items All m Parts List by Sets of Elements Items All ha 4 Design Detail in Elements Elements All Cover Contents cma ASD Selection Results Finally in the tab folder Results make a selection for results under Display Again displaying all or just single items can be chosen and applied In every tab folder OK confirms the settings and closes the window The printout report is then rebuilt Cancel closes the dialog without adopting the changes Appendix A ASD Design Equations A 1 Chapter D Tension Members A1 1 D1 Allowable stresses Ft lt 0 6 Fy Gross Area Agross Ft lt 0 5 Fu Net Area Anet In addition pin connected members shall meet the requirements of Sect D3 1 at the pin hole 1 2 03 1 Pin connected members The allowable stress on the net area of the pin hole for pin connected members 1s Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH li APPENDIX A ASD DESIGN EQUATIONS Ft 0 45 Fy The allowable stresses on the eyebars meeting the requirements of Sect D3 3 is Ft lt 0 60 Fy the body area A 2 Chapter E Columns and other com pression members A2 1 E1 Effective Length and Slenderness Ratio The effective length factor K shall be determined in accordance with Sect C2 Kl effective length where is the actual length of the m
36. ess Analysis 2 4 Max Stresses by x Location A Input Data General Data IPE 180 Sigma N M 2 Element No 1 x 3 660 m Materials and Sections Results Max Stresses by Sectior Max Stresses by Set of E Max Stresses by Elemer Sigma Total 3 200 Tau due to V 2 3 200 151 TauduetoV 3 3 200 LC2 4 3 Tau due to V 3 200 LC2 3 Max St due to M T St 3 200 151 i ah onau dueto Br 3200 LG1 oveming niema CIA Tau due to M T 3 200 LGI Parts List Tau Total 3 200 13 LC2 3 Sigma eq 3 200 LC2 M 2 Element No 1 Section No 1 IPE 180 3 66m Sigma due to N 3 660 LG1 Sigma due to M 2 3 660 LG2 Sigma due to M 3 3 660 LG1 iSigmaN M 2 3 660 82 Sigma N M 3 3 660 LG1 Sigma due to M 3 660 LG2 Sigma Tensile 3 660 LG2 Sigma Compressiv 3 660 LG2 Sigma Delta 3 660 Sigma Total 3 660 Tau due to V 2 3 660 Tau due to V 3 3 660 180 05 kN cm 2 6 180 05 kN cm 2 1 Dess Ja Section IV Stresses 7 v Numbering Values Cancel Help fat Sf 2 J S 2 ow Graphic Mask 2 4 Stresses by x Location 3 12 4 Point The most detailed mask 15 mask 2 5 Stresses at every Stress Point Here you can view all stresses for all defined stress points at all x locations The mask will only appear if it is enabled
37. h of element and Total Length of all elements for each item number In mask 2 7 2 a parts list by sets of elements is listed It 15 necessary for sets of ele ments to be previously defined in RSTAB and under Details in ASD the appropri ate option must also be activated When using tapered sections or varying section 14 Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 3 13 PULLDOWN MENUS types in a single set of elements the Single Weight is determined from the mean weight 3 13 Pulldown Menus The pulldown menus hold all the necessary functions to manage the design cases and results A pulldown menu can be activated by just clicking on it or by using the shortcut by pressing the AIt key plus the underlined letter in the menu title For ex ample to use the menu File just press Alt F and the menu will roll down This procedure applies to each pulldown menu File handles the design cases ASD Demo 4 bd 1 1 General Data Elements 4 Ls Delete Desi Pick Al Material Parameters and Design Parameters Existing Load Systems Selected for Design E Results Max Stresses by Sectior Eigengewicht 1 2 3 4 Stresses in Sets of Schnee 1 4 Max Stresses in Element Seitenwind in x Richtung 14244 Imperfektion in x Richtung 14344 Max Stresses in x Locati 1424344 Stresses in All Stre
38. he exception of the operating system no other product recommendations are made Basically RSTAB runs on all systems that fulfill the system requirements Your computer does not need to have Intel Inside and it is also not necessary to have an expensive 3D graphic card Because RSTAB and ASD are generally used for intensive calculations the phrase more is better holds true 3 2 Installation Process As a licensed ASD user choose Standard at the point during the installation proc ess to install all licensed programs including ASD Simultaneously all other avail able additional modules will be installed as limited demo versions Installation Type Choose the Type of Installation Standard All Licensed Programs and Demo Versions of 4 not Licensed Programs Minimum Only licensed programs User Defined Choose the programs that will be installed Installation Type If you lack free hard disk capacity or it needs to be saved choose Minimum Only licensed full versions will then be installed The rest of the installation process in cluding the authorization process is the same as for RSTAB explained in detail in the RSTAB manual 3 3 Working with ASD 3 4 Starting ASD The ASD module can be started from either the pulldown menu Additional Modu les Design ASD or through the tree item Additional Modules the Position Navigator or Project Navigator Additional Module ASD Stress Ana
39. he graphic display of the results of the current ASD case 15 acti vated More about graphical display and output of the results is found in chapter 4 OK saves the input and results of ASD and closes ASD while Cancel closes ASD without saving any editing The button Help or the F1 key starts the online help system Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 3 7 MASK 1 1 GENERAL DATA 3 6 Input Masks In the input masks all neccessary entries for the stress analysis and several parame ter adjustments must be made 3 7 Mask 1 1 General Data After starting ASD the window opens with mask 1 1 General Data ASD ASD File Edit Help aspi Stress Analysis 1 1 General Data Input Data Elements to General Data Design Fick IV All Material Parameters and Sections Design Parameters Existing Load Systems To Design Self Weight Sw s x p lmp LS2 Snow Swe s lmp LS3 Side Wind in Max min Design Values LS4 Wind on Gable in Y Max min characteristic val LS5 Wind on Gable in Y LS Groups and LS Combinations Sw p lmp char loads SuMWind uplifting Imp chi Sw wy lmp char loads Sw wf y Imp char loads gt Sw s wy p lmp char loa e Comments E Calculation Details Graphic Cancel Help Mask 1 1 General Data The option Elements to Design is a d
40. in mask 1 1 Details in ASD This is a large amount of data that is only necessary for specific examination That s why this mask is disabled by default The absolute max min stresses however are always determined in ASD even if this mask is not selected for display Mask 2 5 Stresses at every Stress ASD Demo 4 x Fie Edit Help asp1 Stress Analysis 2 5 Stresses in All Stress Points Input Data General Data Material Parameters and Design Parameters E Results Max Stresses by Sectior Max Stresses in Sets of Max Stresses in Element Max Stresses in Locati Stresses in All Stress Po Governing Internal Force Parts List a espe SS n nnd 550 x Location LS tress kN cm 2 Stress Tension tel Port enang Rato Element No 1 0 00 S Point No 1 y 10 50 2 27 50 0 000 1 LG1 0 00 Compression 10001 LC1 N 1 02 Bending Stress 2 2 0 000 1 LG1 0 00 Bending Stress 3 3 0 000 1 LG1 0 00 Shear Stress 2 0 000 1 LG1 0 00 Shear Stress 3 0 000 1 LG1 0 00 Torsion Stress 00001 LG1 0 00 Tension and Bending 0 000 1 LG1 Compression and Bendin 0 000 1 LC1 N Element No 1 0 00 S Point No 2 y 2 95 27 50 Tension 0 000 2 LG1 0 00 Compression 0 000 2 LC1 N 1 02 2 2 2 2 2 Bending Stress 2 2 0 000 LG1 0 00 Bending Stress 3 3 0 000 LG1 0 00 Shear Stress 2 0 000 LG1 0 00 Shear Stress 3 0 000 LC1 N 0 24 Torsion
41. is of bending about which a particular stress or de sign property applies and axial compressive stress that would be permitted if axial force alone existed ksi F compressive bending stress that would be permitted if bending moment alone existed ksi l2x E e 23 KI r Y Euler stress divided by a factor of safety ksi In the expression for F e lb is the actual unbraced length in the plane of bending and rb is the corresponding radius of gyration K is the effective length factor in the plane of bending As in the case of Fa Fb and o 6Fy F e may be increases 1 3 in acordance with Sect A5 2 Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 31 li APPENDIX A ASD DESIGN EQUATIONS f computed axial stress ksi fy computed compressive bending stress at the point under consideration ksi Coefficient whose value shall be taken as follows For compression members in frames subject to joint translation sidesway Cm 0 85 For rotationally restrained compression members in frames braced against joint translation and not subject to transverse loading between their supports in the plane of bending Cm 0 6 0 4 M M where M M is the ratio of the smaller to larger moments at the ends of that portion of the member unbraced in the plane of bending under consideration is posi tive when the member is bent in reverse curvature negative when b
42. ist to the other use the buttons Add Add All Remove and Remove All By checking the box Contents you can include the ASD table of contents in the printout report x Program Global Selection Input Data Results Local Selection of ASD Cases 1 Display General Data No Selection e g 1 5 20 Material Parameters Materials Sections Sections 4 rl Stress Points Sections a el Design Parameters Design fr Cover Contents OK coa ASD Selection Input Data In the tab folder Input Data you can check the options Display of General Data Materials Design parameters and Sections including their Stress Points A more detailed selection is also possible Just click on the Arrow Down button in the list boxes to the right of each topic and enter the numbers of the Materials and or Sec tions in the empty line Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 21 3 14 RESULTS 22 li Printout Report Selection D1 E Program Global Selection Input Data Results Local Selection of ASD Cases 1 Display No Selection e g 1 5 20 Max Stresses by Section Sections Max Stresses by Set of Elements Sets of Elements jr e Max Stresses by Element Elements All Y Max Stresses by x Location Elements All Stresses in All Stress Points Elements All b Governing Int
43. lysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 3 3 5 MASKS ZS 18 x al Shape Properties gt b en 2 1 ox wx m n gi X Allowable Stress Design to AISC 9 Edition d Connections gt STEEL General Stress Analysis ME E in RSTAB Foundations gt Elastic plastic Design of Steel Structures Demo 5 Demo Dynamic Analysis Lateral Torsional Buckling Analysis according DIN 18800 Others gt FE BGDK Lateral Torsional Buckling Analysis 43 Structural Data 8 Nodes FE BEUL Plate Buckling Analysis CONCRETE Reinforced Concrete Design TIMBER Stress and Stability Analysis for Timber Structures DEFORM Deformation Analysis B ZU T Element Width Thickness Check to DIN 18800 Zugstoss Zugsto Materials C Sections 1 Element Hinges 1 Elements C Supports Elastic Foundations 1 Non linear Springs 1 Rigid Couplings C3 Eccentric Connections 1 Sets of Elements Loads 9 18 Load Systems H E LS Groups H E LS Combinations Ld Super Combinations H E Results H O Printout Reports Additional Modules Ge Re EE Starting ASD with the Pulldown Menu Additional Modules or the Navigator Starting ASD independently is not possible because it is fully integrated into RSTAB This means that for any design to be carried out in ASD the respec
44. ngle curvature bend ing and approximately equal computed bending stresses at the ends 2 10 09 22 06 22 PF PF when the computed bending stress at the smaller end of the unbraced length is equal to zero When gt and combined stresses are checked incrementally along the length fao may be replaced by f and fy may be replaced by fy in Equations A F7 12 and A F7 14 36 Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH
45. nlarged using the magnifying glass ASD Demo 4 File Edit Help 501 Stress Analysis 2 1 Max Stresses by Sections A Sa Stress x Location LS Stress kN cm 2 Stress Type m No existing allowable Ratio Section No 1 IPE 550 Tension Compression Max Stresses by Sectio 5 ina Stress 2 Max Stresses in Element Bending Stress 3 Max Stresses in x Locati s LE Shear Stress 2 overning Internal Force Chess 3 13 Parts List Torsion Stress 1 a IPE 550 Bending Stress 2 2 Element No 2 x 6 000 m Input Data General Data Material Parameters and Design Parameters Results 1 LGI 000 1489 jou 20 570 1 2072 921 i 7 Section No 2 IPE 450 Tension Compression Bending Stress 2 Bending Stress 3 Shear Stress 2 Shear Stress 3 Torsion Stress 1 0 00 1 ag 17 04 1 0 00 0 00 20 72 kN cm 2 10 20 72 kN cm 2 5 amp J amp Comments v Stresses Equation for allowable stress F1 5 beam member with COMPACT elements Details Section gt v Numbering v Values gt Graphic Cancel 13 4 2 4 1 0 00 9 93 Aen Beso Results mask By clicking on Details the user gains direct access to tabulated section properties and section details in graphical forma
46. odulus Whpl 3 400 54 cm 3 Plastic shape factor Alpha pl 2 1 14 Plastic shape factor Alpha pl 3 1 58 Help Section Details The section together with its section properties details and computed stresses can be printed either directly to the printer to clipboard or alternatively to a printout re port By clicking on the printer icon a new dialog appears with a list of all the print able items from which the user can make a suitable selection 3 12 MASK 2 1 MAX STRESSES BY SECTION Printout Setup Printout Selection Graphics Display Section Graphics Asis Dimensions Section Properties Table 4 Shear Cente Silhouette Stress Points Table Stress Points v incl Numbering brt zones Table b t zones incl Numbering v Steel results table v Stress Distribution I incl values Printing Options Section Properties Table Direct to printer v incl Graphics To Printout repart 01 To Clipboard Stress Paints T able incl Graphics incl Numbering Display Printout Dzone Lane Report an 0K v incl Graphics incl Numbering Iaraphics Description 2 lt gt mmm Hilfe Printout setup 3 12 Mask 2 1 Max Stresses by Section ASD Demo 4 E File Edit Help 501 Stress Analysis 2 1 Max Stresses by Sections E Input Data E C
47. of opposite signs reverse curvature bending Members with Noncompact Sections For box type and tubular flexural members that meet the noncompact section re quirements of Sect B5 the allowable stress 1s F 0 60F F3 3 Lateral bracing is not required for a box section whose depth is less than 6 times ist width Lateral support requirements for box sections of larger depths to width ratios must be determined by special analysis A3 4 F4 Allowable Shear Stress For h tw lt 380 JF on the overall depth times the web thickness the allowable shear stress 1s 040F F4 1 y For h tw gt 380 JF the allowable shear stress 15 on the clear distance between flanges time the web thickness 15 F 2 C lt 04 F4 2 lt 0 2890 where 45000 k Gy ERE when C is less than 0 8 k PEE a when Cv is greater than 0 8 hit VF 28 Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH li APPENDIX A ASD DESIGN EQUATIONS k 4 00 pes when a h is less than 1 0 a k 534 4 ius when a h is greater than 1 0 alh tw thickness of web in clear distance between transverse stiffeners in h clear distance between flanges at the section under investigation in Maximum h tw limits are given in Chapter G An alternative design method for plate girders utilizing tension field action is given in Chapter G A 4 Chapter G Plate Girders
48. pen 16 Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 3 13 PULLDOWN MENUS ASD Demo 4 i x File Edit Help ASC Export Optimized Sections to RSTAB NL cp Pick ew Section From Library Edit List Elements to Design Import Sections from RSTAB Section Properties nage aa lus of Elasticity kN cm 2 Code 19993 80 ASD Sth edition Add Elements of this Section to List Remove Elements of this Section from List Materials Library Materials Library Go Section Double Glick Go To Stresses in All Stress Po Ka Secion Governing Internal Force BN 8 0 5 2 1 IPE 450 1 15 550 190 3 4 14 5 21 1 15 450 190 3 4 14 5 21 h Comments Section Section gt Details Library Display Stress Points Numbering Calculation Details Graphic Cancel Help 5 ets only elements with current section to list Elements to Design Pulldown Menu Edit Edit List Elements to Design Set only Elements of this Section in List Sets only the elements of the current section to the list Elements to Design The current section is determined by positioning the cursor This function is useful if you only want to design a single section Add Elements of this Section to List adds the
49. re usually set to 1 00 as default The values for Cm2 and Cm3 modifiction factors relating to bracing against joint translation and member end rotational restraint can be either manually entered or be alternatively selected from a dropdown listbox which opens after clicking on the ar row which appears when the the cell is activated Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 7 3 10 CALCULATION Calculation li The coefficient Cb in column F accounts for the variation in bending moment at the member ends This value may be taken conservatively as 1 or can be calculated automatically from the program via the dropdown listbox available in this cell Lcomp can be entered in column I This refers to the distance between points of con raflexure The ratio of Agross to Anet can be entered in column J Should the user wish to change a certain number of the default values on any par ticular section s then it s advisable to click on Set up Here the user can edit the given values and apply them to the elements chosen via the pick function ASD Design Parameters r Elements to change Elements 47 1 3 16 13 20 54 55 58 74 Pick m Lengths K values K2 2 0 80 K3 3 2 00 C Design Lengths K22 L 0 000 K333 L 0 000 m Set 152 0 000 m SetLb3 0 000 m SetLcomp 0 000 m Coefficients Cm Cb Set 22 0 00 Set Cm3 3 0 00 Set Eb 0 00 m Effective Area
50. rnal Forces 3 12 6 Mask 2 7 Parts List In this last mask 2 7 Parts List you get a summary of all sections used in the struc ture When Sets of Elements are available this mask is split into two windows One window displays 2 7 1 Parts List by Elements and the other pane shows 2 7 2 Parts List by Sets of Elements ASD Demo 4 File Edit Help asp1 Stress Analysis 2 7 1 Parts List by Elements Input Data UM 8 Lt 1I D 1 E 1 ee ee ee ee Length TotLength Sing Weight Weight Tot Weight General Data lement m m kg m kg t bar ban iei and 2 1 IPE 550 6 000 12000 105 190 63114 126 ore Ec cie 2 2 3 15 650 190 9 4 14 6 21 4 IS 45 2414 4 929 84 953 205 10 0 41 jare ed 3 2 2 IPE 450 10134 2028 7758 785 98 157 Swm 8 11 34 Max Stresses in Sets of Max Stresses in Element Max Stresses in Locati Stresses in All Stress Po Governing Internal Force Parts List 2 7 2 Parts List by Sets of Elements i Ss a ae ie ae er a kg m t 981 1 ma Set of Element Length ot Length Sing Weight Weight Tot Weight Description m ka ee SS sl 7 25 097 25 097 78 98 1982 1 Sm 1 5 55 5 1 1 2 Graphic Cancel Help Mask 2 7 Parts List ASD automatically chooses an Number and displays in mask 2 7 1 the corre sponding Number of Elements Section and Lengt
51. rs In this mask relevant design criteria pertaining primarily to stabilty conditions are displayed Each of the tabulated values can be edited by the user ASD Portal Frame x File Edit Help 501 Stress Analysis 1 3 Design Parameters E Input Data Cm2 Cm3 Cb Lb2 m Lb3 m Lcomp m Ratio Material Parameters and inni i 1 000 100 1 00 100 0001 0001 0 001 1 00000 Heson taramea 1000 10001 100 1 00 100 0001 0001 0001 1 00000 1000 1 000 1 00 1 00 101 0001 0001 0 001 1 00000 Effective length factor Coefficient Coefficient Unbraced Length Comp Length Anet Agross K2 K3 1 000 1000 100 1 00 1 00 0 001 0 001 0 001 1 00000 gt Calculation Details ex Graphic Cancel Help Mask 1 2 Materials and Sections In column A the nominal element length is read in automatically from RSTAB These lengths do not necessarily refer to the actual unbraced or effective length of the member to be designed but rather to the distance between neighboring nodes possibly used to divide the member into smaller parts It 1s therefore possible to en ter in columns B and C the effective length factors K2 and K3 which refer to the strong and weak axes respectively The unbraced lengths required for flexural torsional buckling about the strong and weak axes can be entered in columns G and H respectively These lengths a
52. ss Po 1 4 Governing Internal Force 14244 Parts List 1 3 4 LF Gruppen 201 204 7 LF Gruppen 211 214 et 51 9 i E a aE tress Analysis Optimizations Parts St Calculation Details Es Graphic Cancel Help Creates a new ASD case Pulldown Menu File Comments New Ctri N creates a new ASD Case New ASD Case xi No Description Stress Analysis v Cancel New ASD Case To create a ASD case you must enter a Number and a Description Arrow down lists all previously used descriptions for your convenience OK creates the new case Rename renames the current ASD case by changing its Description or Number Rename ASD Case E xj Mo Description fi Stress Analysis Cancel Help Rename ASD Case If you change the number of the ASD case be sure to use a number currently not in use by another ASD case Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 15 3 13 PULLDOWN MENUS Alt E Calculation li Delete deletes the case selected from a list of all existing ASD cases Delete Cases x Cancel Help Delete Cases Select the case that should be deleted and press OK Edit Offers many functions related to the handling of sections ASD Demo 4 E X File Edit Help ASE Export Optimized Sections to RSTAB ee
53. t In the graphic it s possible to display the designated stress points the so called b t zones and their respective numbering By clicking on Values the user obtains values of the statical moments or details with respect to the b t zones SE i x Description Name Size Unit Depth d 8550 00 Width bf 210 00 mm Web thickness tw 11 10 mm Flange thickness Lf 17 20 mm Fillet radius r 24 00 mm Cross section area A 134 00 cm 2 Shear area A 2 60 47 cm 2 Shear area A 3 57 08 cm 2 Web area Web 57 20 cm 2 Moment of inertia ly 67120 00 cm 4 Moment of inertia E 2670 00 cm 4 Governing radius of gyration r 22 30 cm Governing radius of gyration 4 45 cm Polar radius of gyration LP 22 74 cm Tragheitsradius des Gurtquerschnitt r 2g 5 15 Nominal weight Wt 105 13 kg m Surface Surf 1 88 m 2 m Torsional constant J 124 00 cm 4 Warping constant 1 884E 06 Elastic section modulus 5 vy 2440 00 cm 3 Elastic section modulus 52 254 00 cm 3 Warping constant moment ma 6735 66 cm 4 Statical moment Q_y 1390 00 cm 3 Stress E Val 4 aJa Statical moment Q z 94 82 cm 3 Numbering _Values _ Normalized warping constant Omega_me 279 72 cm 2 Warping statical moment ma 2525 87 4 b t zones Plastic section modulus Whpl 2 2780 00 cm 3 Numbering Values Plastic section m
54. tive po sition must first be opened in RSTAB ASD enables the use of several ASD Cases for evaluating the internal forces calcu lated by RSTAB This means that in the individual ASD Cases any elements load systems load system groups or load system combinations can be assembled for stress analysis and checked against one or several allowable stresses For example different materials can be examined this way By comparing the total weight in the parts list the most efficient construction can be found immediately 3 5 Masks The input of ASD Cases as well as the output of the results on the screen is carried out in masks After starting ASD the ASD Navigator appears to the left It enables viewing and accessing all available input and output masks At the top a pull down list box with all available ASD CASES can be found The list box can be opened by clicking on the Arrow down key after which the appropriate ASD CASE can be se lected Under the title bar the three pulldown menus File Edit and Help are found Those menus are explained in detail in chapter 3 6 The access to all masks is controlled either by clicking on the respective item in the ASD Navigator or by flipping through the masks succession Use the F2 and F3 keys or the buttons lt lt and gt gt to flip between the masks Access to the the libraries if relevant is possible with the F7 key or by clicking the right mouse button With Graphic t
55. use again later Additional Module ASD Stress Analysis 2002 by Ing Software Dlubal GmbH 17 3 13 PULLDOWN MENUS 18 x Material Descriptions el 3h List 16 Code ASD Sthedton Material Parameters Yield Stress 2482 EM cm 2 Tension Stress 39 99 EkM em 2 Modulus of Elasticity 19993 80 EM em 2 Cancel Help Set New Material in Library Steel A35 In Description enter the material name The List Number is created automatically by ASD Enter the Code and the respective material parameters Confirm the input data with OK In the Materials library Edit opens a similar dialog x Material Description el ASB List EN Cade ASD Sthedton Maternal Parameters Yield Stress 2482 EkM cm 2 Tension Stress 39 99 kA erm 2 Modulus of Elasticity 19993 80 kN cm 2 Cancel Help Edit Material in Library Steel A35 Here you can edit all previous described input including the List Number The mate rials are sorted in the library by list number Those numbers may be changed so that the materials most commonly used are placed at the top of the list With Delete you can delete the current or all selected materials from the library NENNEN 3 AN Delete Material Parameter s from Library NN ASD Query A deletion enquiry appears which must be confirmed This helps prevent unwanted deletion occuring through a slip

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