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Multi-Tech Systems MTASR1-100 User's Manual

1. Q Click Yes to download the default setup MTASR1 100 19 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide 20 14 15 16 Note Clicking No prevents the defaults from being downloaded to the RouteFinder You are returned to the program manager and in Windows 95 NT you will see an open window with shortcut icons for all the various utility programs provided in the RouteFinder software The Router is Running Reboot to download setup dialog is displayed RouteFinder 100 Default Setup S Router is running Reboot to download setup Click Yes The Novell IPX Protocol Default Setup dialog box is displayed Router Name MTROUTER Ethernet WAN Auto Learn Network Numbers Yes No X Enable Network number 17345678 RAW 802 3 Frames X Enable Network number Auto Learn LLC 802 2 Frames IX Enable Network number Auto Learn TYPE Il Frames SNAP Frames X Enable Network number Auto Leam Note To configure your RouteFinder you will use a series of dialog boxes Novell IPX Protocol Default Setup IP Protocol Default Setup and WAN Ports Default Setup If your network protocol is IPX continue with the following steps However if your network protocol is IP click the IPX Routing Enable check box to disable IPX then click OK and proceed to step 19 Router Name If this is the only RouteFinder on your network you can use the defaul
2. This chapter describes the RouteFinder s software from an applications standpoint showing how to make changes in the configuration with recommendations on the impact of any changes The major configuration parameters were set when the software was loaded into your PC and the setup configuration was downloaded to the RouteFinder at the conclusion of the software installation The RouteFinder software is designed for the Microsoft Windows environment Recommendations are provided to explain that changing parameters may affect your unit in a certain way Our intent is not to cover every dialog box and every option because the Router Setup Help system provides that information The Help menus define each button option field and provide recommend values where applicable This constitutes a dynamic help system in that the information presented always relates to the dialog box or window that is currently open Before You Begin DEFAULT Download Default Setup 26 Your RouteFinder program group contains several utility programs that provide the maximum flexibility for configuration and use These utilities are accessible in Windows by clicking Start Programs RouteFinder utility You can also start the Router Configuration from My Computer by selecting Windows Start Menu Programs RouteFinder or by double clicking on the Router Configuration icon DEFAULT FIRHHRRE A SY a FE FE apm ne Download Download Configuration Wan D
3. 2 10 1 Unnumbered Link Frame Type IP Mask 255 255 255 0 3 Y DTE fa Remote Address IP Address 200 2 10 2 Support X ICMP Redirect X ICMP Mask Reply Ix RIP X RIP Poison Reverse RIPy2 Send Type RIPv2 x Receive Type RIPv2 zl Authentication No Authentication Plain Text C Message Digest il Pa To add logical WAN in a frame relay configuration click the Add button and the next WAN number is displayed in the List of Logical WANS window on the left side of the WAN dialog box To delete the last logical WAN assigned click the Delete button RIPv2 has enhanced explicit netmask information and supports several new features including external route tags subnet masks next hop addresses and authentication Subnet mask information makes RIP more useful in a variety of environments and allows the use of variable subnet masks on the network Support for next hop addresses permits the optimization of routes in an environment that uses multiple routing protocols For example when RIPv2 is being run on a network along with another IGP and one router is running both protocols then that router can indicate to the other RIPv2 routers that a better next hop than itself exists for a given destination The Authentication group is the RIPv2 mechanism for authenticating the sender of the routing eliminates the vulnerability of the routing infrastructure This authentication scheme is e
4. Contrast out of band Insufficient Ones A T1 error condition that is logged when fewer than one 1 in 16 Os or less than 12 5 average 1s density is received Inter Exchange Carrier IEC The long distance company LE who s central office provides the point of reference for T1 access Any common carrier authorized by the FCC to carry customer transmissions between LATAs Internet Refers to the computer network of many millions of university government and private users around the world Each user has a unique Internet Address Internet Address IP Address A unique 32 bit address for a specific TCP IP host on a network Normally printed in dotted decimal format e g 129 128 44 227 Internet Protocol IP A protocol used to route data from its source to its destination in an Internet enviroment The Internet Protocol was designed to connect local area networks Although there are many protocols that do this IP refers to the global system of interconnecting computers It is a highly distributed protocol each machine only worries about sending data to the next step in the route Internetwork Packet Exchange IPX A NetWare communications protocol used to route messages from one node to another IPX packets include network addresses and can be routed from one network to another An IPX packet can occasionally get lost when crossing networks thus IPX does not guarantee delivery of a complete message Either the application has t
5. Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP TCP IP protocol that allows network management Simultaneous Voice Data SVD A technology for letting a user send data via a modem and use a handset to talk to another user at the same time over the same connection The alternative making a second call can be expensive or even impossible The uses for SVD are telecommuting videoconferencing distant learning tech support etc Stop Bit One of the variables used for timing in asynchronous data transmission Depending on the devices each character may be trailed by 1 1 5 or 2 stop bits Superframe D4 A T1 transmission format that consists of 12 DS1 frames or 2316 bits A DS1 frame consists of 193 bit positions A frame overhead bit is in the first position and it is used for frame and signaling phase alignment only Subscriber Loop See Local loop Switched 56 A circuit switched full duplex digital synchronous data transmission service that lets you dial a number and transmit data to it at 56K bps It is a relatively low cost service widely used in North America for telecommuting videoconferencing and high speed data transfers Many phone companies are or will be phasing out Switched 56 in favor of ISDN service Switched Virtual Circuit SVC A data transmission type where the connection is maintained only until the call is cleared Switched Line In communications a physical channel established by dynamically connecting one
6. high or low level device drivers enable or disable the supported servers or view system information Telnet 192 168 2 10 DE Connect Edit Terminal Help E lt lt Router Configuration Main Menu gt gt E 1 IP 2 IPX 3 STP Internet 5 VAN 6 SNMP 7 Others SSS Enter Your Choice 1 to 8 exit or ESC to PREU menu BRA EE H 4 WAN Device Configuration The WAN Device Configuration option Option 4 on the Router Management Menu allows a remote user a Telnet client to gain access to the WAN port if available on the RouteFinder Remote User Database The Remote User Database option Option 5 on the Router Management Menu allows a remote user to add user information such as Name and Password callback information and which protocol stacks to enable or disable MTASR1 100 47 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide WEB Browser Management The RouteFinder can be accessed from anywhere on the connected Internet through its built in WEB Browser interface To enable this function you must check this option in Other setup Depending on the rights of the user read write or read only it is possible to view the current parameters and statistics of the RouteFinder as well as configure and download setup changes to the unit You can access RouteFinder configuration by typing the IP Address of the unit into the address line of your web browser To configure this Router you should login as supervisor
7. modem Init String Dial String and various responses If IP is selected you can assign a static IP address or select one from the drop down list For more information on each individual parameter refer to the on line help provided with the software WAN Device Configuration If you have an external WAN device connected to the WAN port of the RouteFinder this application will open the RouteFinder Print Console a terminal emulation program that enables configuration of the external device Remote User Data Base This feature enables you to establish and maintain a database of information about your remote users You can add and remove remote users or edit existing user information in the database Choose Remote User Data Base from the RouteFinder program group and the Users List dialog box will appear From this dialog box you can choose Add Edit or Delete When you have completed all the necessary changes click Download to save the new information to the RouteFinder Refer to your on line help for a more detailed description of database parameters Uninstall Selecting Uninstall will enable you to completely remove all the components of the RouteFinder program group Upon selecting this option you will be queried for confirmation Click Yes to continue with the uninstall or click No to abort Note You will not be able to use the RouteFinder without RouteFinder Configuration If you remove the components you will need to reinstall t
8. servers the default route filters and Static Routes In most cases you should not have to change any of the timers i e default TTL reassembly timeout RIP response time and RIP route aging time The DNS Resolver is supplied for remote Telnet clients when the router is configured for remote access and the terminal server application is enabled A brief description of OSPF is provided in the following section For more details on filtering refer to the Filtering section of this chapter For details on other parameters refer to the online help provided with your RouteFinder software MTASR1 100 Chapter 4 RouteFinder Software Open Shortest Path First OSPF Open Shortest Path First OSPF is a common TCP IP routing protocol that provides robust and efficient routing support in the most demanding Internet environments OSPF calculates routes using the number of routers the transmission speed expected delays and the cost of the route Version 2 of the OSPF protocol is designed to be run internal to a single Autonomous System Each OSPF router maintains an identical database describing the topology of the Autonomous System From this database a routing table is calculated by constructing a shortest path tree OSPF recalculates routes quickly in the event of topological changes using a minimum of routing protocol traffic Under OSPF networks can be grouped together into areas each of which is the generalization of an
9. 100 User Guide 66 A Access The T1 line element made up of two pairs of wire that the phone company brings to the customer premises The Access portion ends with a connection at the local telco LEC or RBOC Accunet Spectrum of Digital Services ASDS The AT amp T 56K bps leased private line service Similar to services of MCI and Sprint ASDS is available in nx56 64K bps where n 1 2 4 6 8 12 ACK ACKnowledgement code pronounced ack A communications code sent from a receiving modem to a transmitting modem to indicate that it is ready to accept data It is also used to acknowledge the error free receipt of transmitted data Contrast with NAK Adaptive Differential Pulse Code ADPCM In multimedia applications a technique in which pulse code modulation samples are compressed before they are stored on a disk ADPCM an extension of the PCM format is a standard encoding format for storing audio information in a digital format It reduced storage requirements by storing differences between successive digital samples rather than full values Address A numbered location inside a computer It s how the computer accesses its resources like a video card serial ports memory etc AMI line coding One of two common methods of T1 line coding with B8ZS AMI line coding places restrictions on user data B8ZS does not Analog signal A waveform which has amplitude frequency and phase and which takes on a range of values
10. Download Setup button to update the configuration The remote RouteFinder will be brought down the new configuration written to the unit and the unit will reboot 11 Click on the Exit button when the downloading is complete 12 The Hangup connection with Router dialog box is displayed Click on the Yes button to disconnect the phone connection to the remote site 13 If the same telephone number is not going to be used again in the immediate future you may want to remove it from the Port Setup dialog box 14 At the remote site reconnect the RouteFinder to the serial port of the PC and from the Program Manager screen click on the RouteFinder Configuration Icon to verify that the RouteFinder is running 15 At the remote site reconnect the RouteFinder to the serial port of the PC and from the Program Manager screen Click the Router Configuration Icon to verify that the RouteFinder is running MTASR1 100 43 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide LAN Based Remote Configuration Windows Sockets Compliant TCP IP Stack The configuration program requires a Windows Sockets compliant TCP IP stack Microsoft provides a TCP IP stack Tree for Windows for Workgroups 3 11 and Windows 95 NT TCP IP protocol software must be installed and functional before the configuration program can be used 44 1 You must assign an Internet IP address for the PC and for each node that will be managed by the configuration program Refer to the protocol s
11. Similar to a protocol converter or an interface converter a TA connects a non ISDN device between the R and S interfaces Typically a PC card Tie line A dedicated circuit linking two points without having to dial a phone number i e the line may be accessed by lifting the telephone handset or by pushing a button Time Division Multiplexing TDM Division of a transmission facility into two or more channels by allotting the common channel to several different information channels one at a time Time Slot One of 24 channels within a T1 line Each channel has a 64K bps maximum bandwidth Time slot implies the time division multiplexing organization of the T1 signal Toll Call A call to a location outside of your local service area i e a long distance call Tone dialing One of two methods of dialing a telephone usually associated with Touch Tone push button phones Compare with pulse dialing Topology Physical layout of network components cables stations gateways and hubs Three basic interconnection topologies are star ring and bus networks Transmission Control Protocol TCP A communications protocol used in Internet and in any network that follows the US Department of Defense standards for internetwork protocol TCP provides a reliable host to host protocol between hosts in packet switched communications networks and in interconnected systems of such networks It assumes that the Internet protocol is the under
12. T1 termination and are buried in the voice data of each voice channel in the T1 circuit Since the bits are robbed infrequently voice quality remains relatively uncompromised See bit robbing The robbed bit signaling technique is used in D4 channel banks to convey signaling information The eighth least significant bit of each of the 24 8 bit time slots is robbed every sixth frame to convey voice related signaling information such as on hook off hook etc for each channel Router A device that connects two networks using the same networking protocol lt operates at the Network Layer Layer 3 of the OSI model for forwarding decisions Routing Information Protocol RIP A distance vector based protocol that provides a measure of distance or hops from a transmitting workstation to a receiving workstation RS 232C An EIA standard for a serial interface between computers and peripheral devices modem mouse etc It uses a 25 pin DB 25 or a 9 pin DB 9 connector The RS 232 standard defines the purposes electrical characteristics and timing of the signals for each of the 25 lines RS 422 The ElA standard for a balanced interface with no accompanying physical connector RS 422 products can use screw terminals DB9 various DB25 and DB37 connectors RS 530 The EIA standard for the mechanical electrical interface between DCEs and DTEs transmitting synchronous or asynchronous serial binary data RS 530 provides for hi
13. and enter Ronter password Multi Systems 2205 Woodale Drive Mounds View MN 55112 United States TEL 612 785 3500 or 800 328 9717 FAX 612 785 9874 BBS 612 785 3702 or 800 392 2432 Tech Support 800 972 2439 Fax hack System 612 717 5888 Web Site www multitech com FTP Site ftp multitech com Tech Support tsupport multitech com When the Welcome screen is displayed click on the word Login to gain access to the RouteFinder The Enter Network Password screen is displayed Enter your User name and Password then click on OK to go to the RouteFinder Configuration menu MultiTech Router s Configuration Protocol Stacks rode PX Spanning Tree Device Drivers PPP WAN Other Setup SNMP Application Filtering White Setup And ReBoot Multi Systems Note The first user to access the RouteFinder will have read write rights over the unit All subsequent users will have read only rights and therefore some of the options within the WEB interface will be inactive i e will not be linked 48 MTASR1 100 Chapter 6 Service Warranty and Tech Support Multi Systems RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Introduction This chapter starts out with statements about your RouteFinder two year warranty The next section Tech Support should be read carefully if you have questions or problems with your RouteFinder It includes the technical supp
14. another protocol you may have to initiate the transfer yourself In most datacomm programs the PAGE DOWN key initiates the download When the download is complete press ENTER to return to the File Menu To exit the BBS type G and press ENTER If you don t know the file name From the Main Menu type F to access the Files Menu For a list of file areas type L press ENTER then type L and press ENTER again If you do not type the second L you will list all of the files on the BBS Mark each file area you would like to examine by typing its list number and pressing ENTER Enter L to list all the files in the selected file areas Enter C to go forward in the file list and P to go back To mark one or more files for download type M press ENTER type the list numbers of the files and press ENTER again Enter D You will see a list of the files you have marked Enter E if you would like to edit the list otherwise enter D again to start the download process Select a file transfer protocol by typing the indicated letter such as Z for Zmodem the recommended protocol MTASR1 100 53 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide 7 If you select Zmodem the file will transfer automatically If you select another protocol you may have to initiate the transfer yourself In most data communications programs the PAGE DOWN key initiates the download 8 When the download is complete press ENTER to return to the File Menu 9 To exit
15. at Level 0 24 of these voice channels are combined into a serial bit stream using TDM on a frame by frame basis A frame is a sample of all 24 channels so adding in a framing bit gives a block of 193 bits 24x8 1 193 Frames are transmitted at 8000 per second the required sample rate creating a 1 544M 8000x193 1 544M transmission rate Ti Line A digital communications facility that functions as a 24 channel pathway for data or voice transmission A T1 line is composed of two separate elements the Access element and the Long Haul element T1 Mux A device used to carry many sources of data on a T1 line The T1 mux assigns each data source to distinct DSO time slots within the T1 signal Wide bandwidth signals take more than one time slot Normal voice traffic or 56 64K bps data channels take one time slot The T1 mux may use an internal or external T1 DSU a channel bank device typically uses an external T1 CSU MTASR1 100 Glossary Transmission Control Protocol Internet Program TCP IP multi layer set of protocols developed by the US Department of Defense to link dissimilar computers across dissimilar and unreliable LANs Terminal The screen and keyboard device used in a mainframe environment for interactive data entry Terminals have no box which is to say they have no file storage or processing capabilities Terminal Adapter TA An ISDN DTE device for connecting a non ISDN terminal device to the ISDN network
16. box is displayed RouteFinder 100 Checking Router Ready to Download default Setup Choose OK to proceed Click OK 29 The Writing Setup dialog box with the current date and the file size in bytes is displayed as the software sends the configuration file to the RouteFinder RouteFinder 100 Writing Setup Date Stamp Nov 3 1998 Size bytes 7931 100 Next the Rebooting dialog box is displayed RouteFinder 100 Rebooting Looking for response from router Please wait 30 Check to ensure that the Fail LED on the RouteFinder goes Off after the download is complete and the RouteFinder is rebooted the Rebooting dialog box goes away 31 Win3 1 users you are returned to your Program Manager where the RouteFinder Program Group and Program Items RouteFinder icons have been created Win95 NT users you are returned to your desktop Your RouteFinder is operational at this time 22 MTASR1 100 Chapter 3 Software Loading and Configuration Setting Up Your Remote User Database The remote user database supports remote dial in users for user name password and port availability Each dial in user needs an entry in this database You can add remote users remove users or edit information in the database 1 Win3 1 users From the Program Manager click the Remote User Data Base icon ES RouteFinder Iof x Die Edit View Help DEFAULT FIRHHARE Download Down
17. communications path between two computer devices Can refer to a physical medium e g UTP or coax or to a specific carrier frequency Channel Bank A device that acts as a converter taking the digital signal from the T1 line into a phone system and converting it to the analog signals used by the phone system A channel bank acts as a multiplexer placing many slow speed voice or data transactions on a single high speed link Circuit switched Network A technology used by the PSTN that allocates a pair of conductors for the exclusive use of one communication path Circuit switching allows multiple conversations on one talk path only if the end users multiplex the signals prior to transmission Circuit Switching The temporary connection of two or more communications channels using a fixed non shareable path through the network Users have full use of the circuit until the connection is terminated Clear Channel A transmission path where the full bandwidth is used e no bandwidth needed for signaling carrier framing or control bits A 64K bps digital circuit usually has 8K bps used for signaling ISDN has two 64K bps circuits and a 16K bps packet service of which part is used for signaling on the 64K channels Client Server In TCP IP the model of interaction in distributed data processing in which a program at one site sends a request to a program at another site and awaits a response The requesting program is called a client the answeri
18. eet eodeni 11 EtherNoE PONT me ana 11 WAN HE 11 T ji 46 U Uninstall Proxy Server Configuration 27 V VSD SMUN nenas a en 10 W WAN atando 21 NAN NEE 11 WAN Link LEDs Carrier Detect CD 8 Clear To Send GUS isa aa ias 8 Request To Send RTS 8 VIS NS anali 8 WAN Port Setup 35 80 MTASR1 100
19. for telephone and ISDN services from a regulated service provider TCP IP A set of communication protocols that support peer to peer connectivity functions for both local and wide area networks T Carrier The generic name for a digitally multiplexed carrier system In the North American digital hierarchy a T is used to designate a DS digital signal level hierarchy Examples T1 DS1 is a 1 544 M bps 24 channel designation In Europe T1 is called E1 The T Carrier system was originally designed for transmitting digitized voice signals but has since been adapted for digital data applications T1 A digital transmission link capable of 1 544M bps T1 uses two pairs of normal UTP and can handle 24 voice conversations each digitized at 64K bps T1 is a standard for digital transmission in the U S Canada Japan and Hong Kong T1 is the access method for high speed services such as ATM frame relay and SMDS See also T Carrier T1 line and FT1 T1 Channel Tests A set of diagnostics that vary by carrier used to verify a T1 channel operation Can include Tone Noise Level Impulse Noise Level Echo Cancelers Gain and Crosstalk testing T1 Framing To digitize and encode analog voice signals requires 8000 samples per second twice the highest voice frequency of 4000 Hz Encoding in an 8 bit word provides the basic T1 block of 64K bps for voice transmission This Level 0 Signal as its called is represented by DS 0 or Digital Signal
20. in length and is non hierarchical MAC addresses are never the same as IP addresses When a host needs to send a datagram to another host on the same network the sending application must know both the IP and MAC addresses of the intended receiver Unfortunately the IP process may not know the MAC address of the receiver The Address Resolution Protocol ARP described in RFC 826 located at ftp ds internic net rfc rfc826 txt provides a mechanism for a host to determine a receiver s MAC address from the IP address In the process the host sends an ARP packet in a frame containing the MAC broadcast address and then the ARP request advertises the destination IP address and asks for the associated MAC address The station on the LAN that recognizes its own IP address will send an ARP response with its own MAC address An ARP message is carried directly in an IP datagram Other address resolution procedures have also been defined including those which allow a diskless processor to determine its IP address from its MAC address Reverse ARP or RARP provides a mapping between an IP address and a frame relay virtual circuit identifier Inverse ARP or InARP and provides a mapping between an IP address and ATM virtual path channel identifiers ATMARP The TCP IP protocol suite comprises two protocols that correspond roughly to the OSI Transport and Session Layers these protocols are called the Transmission Control Protocol and the User Datagram
21. is incremented if TO is specified and is decremented if DOWNTO is specified After updating the control variable the bounds check is done again The keyword ENDFOR is mandatory at the end of the loop The WHILE loop has an expression and a lt statement_list gt The expression is evaluated and if the expression is non zero the lt statement_list gt is executed otherwise the loop execution terminates The keyword ENDWHILE is mandatory at the end of the loop Operator Precedence Operators are listed in the order of precedence Unary Operators unary minus logical negation Binary Operators _ lt gt lt gt amp amp ll All the operators are left associative Expressions are evaluated completely so care must be taken while writing expressions For example expressions like a 0 amp amp b a would create run time error MTASR1 100 59 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Example Script proc main string login_prompt string user_name string password_prompt string password string shell_menu string shell_menu_response integer timeout timeout 10 login prompt login user name user1 password prompt Password password user1 shell menu choice shell menu response 1 transmit A wait 1 transmit T M waitfor OK 10 transmit A wait 1 transmit T wait 1 transmit DT963 M if waitfor login_prompt 60 then transmit
22. party responsible for compliance could void the user s authority to operate the equipment Industry Canada This Class A digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference Causing Equipment Regulations Cet appareil numerique de la classe A respecte toutes les exigences du Reglement sur le materiel brouilleur du Canada EMC and Safety Directive Compliance The CE mark is affixed to this Multi Tech product to confirm compliance with the following European Community Directives Council Directive 89 336 EEC of 3 May 1989 on the approximation of the laws of Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility and Council Directive 73 23 EEC of 19 February 1973 on the harmonization of the laws of Member States relating to electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits each amended by Council Directive 93 68 EEC of 22 July 1993 on the harmonization of CE marking requirements MTASR1 100 61 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Appendix D TCP IP TCP IP 62 TCP IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol is a protocol suite and related applications developed for the U S Department of Defense in the 1970s and 1980s specifically to permit different types of computers to communicate and exchange information with one another TCP IP is currently mandated as an official U S Department of Defense protocol and is also widely used in the UNIX community Before you install TCP IP on yo
23. screen messages diagnostic test results DIP Switch settings problems with a specific application etc Use the space below to note the RouteFinder status MTASR1 100 51 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Service If your tech support specialist decides that service is required your RouteFinder may be sent freight prepaid to our factory Return shipping charges will be paid by Multi Tech Systems Include the following information with your RouteFinder e a description of the problem return billing and return shipping addresses contact name and phone number e check or purchase order number for payment if the RouteFinder is out of warranty Check with your technical support specialist for the standard repair charge for your RouteFinder if possible note the name of the technical support specialist with whom you spoke If you need to inquire about the status of the returned product be prepared to provide the serial number of the product sent Send your RouteFinder to this address MULTI TECH SYSTEMS INC 2205 WOODALE DRIVE MOUNDS VIEW MINNESOTA 55112 ATTN SERVICE OR REPAIRS You should also check with the supplier of your RouteFinder on the availability of loaner units and or local service in your area 52 MTASR1 100 Chapter 6 Service Warranty and Tech Support The Multi Tech BBS For customers who do not have Internet access Multi Tech Systems maintains a bulletin board system BBS that mirrors its
24. the bandwidth is available otherwise they are to be discarded The frame relay network assumes that anything exceeding the CIR is of low priority Rate enforcement makes sure that the network will not get so congested that it isn t able to meet the agreed on CIR Recognized Private Operating Agency RPOA A corporation private or government controlled that provides telecommunications services RPOAs such as AT amp T participate as non voting members in the CCITT Red Alarm A T1 error condition generated when a local failure e g loss of synchronization exists for 2 5 seconds causing a Carrier Group Alarm CGA See also Blue Alarm and Yellow Alarm Request for Comment RFC A set of papers in which Internet standards published and proposed along with generally accepted ideas proposals research results etc are published Ring Down Box A device that emulates a CO by generating POTS calls for testing and product demos Ring Down Circuit A tie line connecting phones where picking up one phone automatically rings another phone A feature used for emergencies to alert the person at the other phone of the incoming call RJ 11 An industry standard interface used for connecting a telephone to a modular wall outlet comes in 4 and 6 wire packages RJ 45 An 8 wire modular connector for voice and data circuits Robbed Bit Signaling The popular T1 signaling mechanism where the A and B bits are sent by each side of the
25. the BBS type G and press ENTER About the Internet If you prefer to receive technical support via the Internet you can contact Tech Support via e mail at the following address http www multitech com _forms email_tech_support htm Multi Tech s presence includes a Web site at http www multitech com and an ftp site at fip ftp multitech com The ftp server mirrors the Multi Tech BBS About the Multi Tech Fax Back Service Multi Tech s fax back system provides 24 hour access to sales marketing and technical literature Dial 612 717 5888 follow the voice prompts and request document number 10 for a catalog of available documents For convenience have your fax number handy From the catalog of available documents you can order newsletters white papers press releases etc from the sales and marketing index pages 1 4 or order basic modem operation and troubleshooting guides from the technical support and engineering index Just enter the applicable FB Doc from the left column of the catalog 54 MTASR1 100 Appendixes Multi Systems RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Appendix A Cabling Diagrams Command Port Cable TRANSMIT DATA BA Connector SIGNAL GROUND To RECEIVE DATA BB DTE Device Terminal To COMMAND PORT ai Con nector SIGNAL GROUND AB Terminal 10BASET 10BASE 2 ke H Shield Center 10BASE T RJ 45 10BASE 2 BNC Pin Circuit Signal Name Pin Description 1 TD Data Transmit P
26. the COM port of your PC remote users cannot access the diagnostics Click Built in Test on the Router Setup menu and the Diagnostics dialog box is displayed RouteFinder 100 Diagnostics x Router Version 2 99 lt CRC 0xCC28 gt Boot Version 2 00 8 Ethernet Address 90 08 00 23 41 23 Test Port In the Test Port group select the Ethernet port and then click Test to start diagnostic testing For additional details and parameters about specific fields in the Diagnostics dialog box click the Help button MTASR1 100 39 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Scripting To enable scripting click WAN from the Router Setup menu The Wan Port Setup dialog box is displayed X Port Enable Mode External Clock Internal Clock nm sj e FF Send Idle Flags Restart Script On Communication Failure ee Method Direct Connect Leased Line Modem C ISDN TA Answering Modem ISDN O Dialing MultiModem ZDX Series yl Dial Number rAsynchronous Gateway Server AG Server General Name MODEM Specific Name UNE Port Inactivity Timeout in minutes 10 Terminal Server X Enable Default Telnet Server IP Address 0 0 0 0 Click the Script Enable check box to enable scripting on this WAN port Click the Script button to access the scripting options The Script Dialog menu is displayed From this menu you can edit compile and download scripts RouteFinder
27. transmission of voice data and other information Public Data Network PDN A packet switched network that is available to the public for individual subscriber use Typically controlled by a government or a national monopoly Public Switched Telephone Network PSTN The group of circuit switching voice carriers which are commonly used as analog data communications services Pulse Code Modulation PCM 1 In data communication variation of a digital signal to represent information for example by means of pulse amplitude modulation PAM pulse duration modulation PDM or pulse position modulation PPM 2 Transmissions of analog information in digital form through sampling and encoding the samples with a fixed number of bits Pulse dialing One of two methods of dialing a telephone usually associated with rotary dial phones Compare with tone dialing MTASR1 100 Glossary Q Quantizing The process of analog to digital conversion by assigning a range from the contiguous analog values to a discrete number R Random Access Memory RAM A computer s primary workspace All data must be stored in RAM even for a short while before software can use the processor to manipulate the data Before a PC can do anything useful it must move programs from disk to RAM When you turn it off all information in RAM is lost Rate Enforcement The concept in frame relay where frames sent faster than the CIR are to be carried only if
28. 100 Script Dialog EN For more information on scripting click the Help button or refer to Appendix B Scripting 40 MTASR1 100 Chapter 5 Remote Configuration and Management Multi Systems RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Introduction This chapter provides procedures for changing the configuration of a remote RouteFinder Remote configuration allows a PC at one site local site to dial a remote RouteFinder and change the configuration of that remote unit Remote configuration can be accomplished either directly through the LAN or remotely using modems To remotely configure a RouteFinder a local PC needs to be connected to a dial up line and the RouteFinder software configured to call the remote RouteFinder The remote RouteFinder needs to have a modem connected to a dial up line and the Command Port Once the connection to the remote unit is made you can change the configuration as you see fit Once the configuration is changed you can download the new configuration to the remote RouteFinder Refer to the Modem Based Remote Configuration Procedure in this chapter to remotely configure a RouteFinder To configure the remote RouteFinder through the LAN change the communication type to the IP based Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP and change the configuration as you see fit Refer to the LAN Based Remote Configuration Procedure in this chapter to configure a remote RouteFinder Modem Based Remote Configuration Pro
29. 12 785 3500 or 800 328 9717 Fax 612 785 9874 Tech Support 800 972 2439 BBS 612 785 3702 or 800 392 2432 Internet Address http www multitech com Fax Back 612 717 5888 Contents Chapter 1 Introduction and Description INroducio iaia 6 STE ON ts EE A RR ear air 6 Related Documental ota T RE JE ere ac E MM ECC 8 ETRERNE EE 8 MATES BT RR Umm 8 Back Pallet oM Ear II ML uM IM 9 Incem 10 DP SCIICATIONS ce M 11 Enemies ii it EE Ee 11 Command PON EE 11 WAN err 11 ElecmecallPhysiCA uc A ii ia ii 11 Chapter 2 Installation le le EE 14 Changing elt DSITIOU us salsera ao rioni aerea 15 Cabling your EU ees carla ariani 16 Chapter 3 Software Loading and Configuration INTOdUCION ars En 18 Loading To lee TE 18 Setting Up Your Remote User Database iii der 23 Chapter 4 RouteFinder Software tz teller Le EE 26 BEelore de TEE 26 Router ee e EE 28 zd ee EI EE 28 WX SOU E 32 Spanning Ies SSPD ni 34 ar Mu TEE 35 Wl ee e He ios 36 ic ronnie riali ii EI 37 Applications SSP E 39 Diagnosis EE 39 Hee anal as 40 Chapter 5 Remote Configuration and Management Ei aa a rire PE E 42 Modem Based Remote Configuration Procedure iiio ca ose Lec li idu Ed xe Tapa dee din 42 LAN Basedhemole Co niguratlon fcc setae fo a A net iia 44 Windows Sockets Compliant TCP IP Stack 44 Remote Ee EE 46 LEE 46 Rotten Manage Mercado ee e a de ett cantina ln ti dei 47
30. 2 USA Router Version 3 68 lt lt Router Management Menu gt gt 1 Dial out 2 Router Management 3 Router Configuration 4 WAN Device Configuration 5 Remote User Database Esc Close the Telnet Session Enter Your Choice 1 to 5 exit or ESC CT MTASR1 100 Chapter 5 Remote Configuration and Management Router Management The Router Management Menu provides five functional options in addition to the option of escaping and closing the Telnet session Dial Out The Dial out option Option 1 on the Router Management Menu enables a Telnet user to configure the WAN port for a dial out session The default configuration of 115200 bps 8N1 can be used for the dial out session or the user can specify each parameter for the port e g the baud rate the number of data bits parity or the number of stop bits When the connection is established anything entered on the keyboard is immediately presented to the WAN port When the dial out session is over the WAN port reverts to its original configuration Router Management The Router Management option Option 2 on the Router Management Menu enables a Telnet user to view router statistics the User List system information Another option enables the remote user to Reset the router Router Configuration The Router Configuration option Option 3 on the Router Management Menu enables a Telnet user to view and change parameters on the protocol stacks
31. 3 described in IETF RFC 1460 ftp ds internic net rfc rfc1460 txt DNS the Domain Name System defines the structure of Internet names and their association with IP addresses as well as the association of mail name and other servers with domains e SNMP the Simple Network Management Protocol defines procedures and management information databases for managing TCP IP based network devices SNMP defined by RFC 1157 ftp ds internic net rfc rfc1157 txt is widely deployed in local and wide area network SNMP Version 2 SNMPv2 per RFC 1441 lt ftp ds internic net rfc rfc1441 txt adds security mechanisms that are missing in SNMP but is also more complex Ping a utility that allows a user at one system to determine the status of other hosts and the latency in getting a message to that host Ping uses ICMP Echo messages e Whois NICNAME Utilities that search databases for information about Internet domain and domain contact information per RFC 954 ftp ds internic net rfc rfc954 txt e Traceroute a tool that displays the route that packets will take when traveling to a remote host MTASR1 100 63 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Internet Protocol IP 64 IP is the Internet standard protocol that tracks Internetwork node addresses routes outgoing messages and recognizes incoming messages allowing a message to cross multiple networks on the way to its final destination The IPv6 Control Protocol IPV6CP is res
32. 4Kbps D channel and 23 B channels Elsewhere it is one D channel and 30 B channels Primitive An abstract representation of interaction across the access points indicating that information is being passed between the service user and the service provider The OSI Reference Model defines four types of primitives Request Indication Response and Confirm Private Branch Exchange PBX A phone exchange located on the customer s premises The PBX provides a circuit switching facility for phone extension lines within the building and access to the public phone network See also Exchange PROM Programmable Read Only Memory pronounced prom A permanent memory chip that can be programmed or filled by the customer after by the manufacturer has set initial values Contrast with ROM Protocol 1 A set of semantic and syntactic rules that determines the behavior of functional units in achieving communication 2 In Open Systems Interconnection architecture a set of semantic and syntactic rules that determine the behavior of entities in the same layer in performing communication functions 3 In SNA the meanings of and the sequencing rules for requests and responses used for managing the network transferring data and synchronizing the states of network components 4 Synonymous with line control discipline PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network A worldwide public voice telephone network that is used as a telecommunications medium for the
33. 6 MTASR1 100 Chapter 1 Introduction and Description Chapter 5 Remote Configuration and Management Chapter 5 provides procedures for changing the configuration of a remote RouteFinder located elsewhere on a LAN or at the other end of a modem connection This chapter also describes typical Telnet client and Web browser management of the RouteFinder Chapter 6 Service Warranty and Tech Support Chapter 6 provides instructions on getting service for your RouteFinder at the factory a statement of limited warranty information about our Internet presence and space for recording information about your RouteFinder prior to calling Multi Tech s Technical Support Related Documentation The complete documentation package for the RouteFinder includes this User Guide and a Quick Start Guide The printed version of the Quick Start Guide shipped with the unit provides the necessary information for a qualified person to unpack cable load software and configure the unit for proper operation Copies of the following guides are provided on the Manuals diskette that ships with each RouteFinder and you can always find the latest version of these guides at Multi Tech s Web site At the Multi Tech Home Page http www multitech com Click Support then Manuals then RouteFinder and you will find the following guide listed by title e RouteFinder User Guide MTASR1 100 7 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Front Panel The front panel co
34. B8ZS and AMI differ in the restrictions placed on user data T1 line coding ensures that sufficient timing information is sent with the digital signal to ensure recovery of all the bits at the far end Timing information on the T1 line is included in the form of 1s in the data stream a long string of Os in the data stream could cause problems recovering the data Line Termination LT The electronics at the ISDN network side of the user network interface that complements the NT1 at the user side The LT and the NT1 together provide the high speed digital line signals required for BRI access Listed Directory Number LDN The main number assigned by the telco the number listed in the phone directory and also provided by Directory Assistance Some devices can have more than one LDN such as ISDN devices that have one LDN for voice and another LDN for data Local Area Network LAN 1 A computer network located on a user s premises within a limited geographical area Communication within a local area network is not subject to external regulations however communication across the LAN boundary may be subject to some form of regulation 2 ALAN does not use store and forward techniques 3 A network in which a set of devices are connected to one another for a communication and that can be connected to a larger network Local Access and Transport Area LATA A post divestiture geographical area generally equivalent to a Standard Metropolitan Statistica
35. E CLOCK A EXTERNAL TX CLOCK B RECEIVE CLOCK B TRANSMIT CLOCK A TRANSMIT CLOCK B D lt x Se C Jm D VU I n MO OO Id The MultiRouter RS232C interface circuits have been designed to meet the electrical specificaitons given in EIA Electronic Industries Association RS232C a CCITT Consultative Committee International Telegraph and Telephone V 24 tandards When configured for V 35 interface operation on the link the V 35 adapter cable should be used This cable uses a 25 pin female connector at one end and a 34 pin winchester male connector at the other end MTASR1 100 57 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Appendix B Script Language The script file can be used to automate certain operations The script file is a text file containing a sequence of commands The structure of a script file is succinctly expressed by the following grammar Script Language Grammar 58 lt program gt lt declarations gt lt proc_declarations gt lt declarations gt lt var_type gt lt identifier gt identifier lt var_type gt INTEGER STRING lt statement_list gt lt statement gt lt statement gt elementary statement if statement I lt for_statement gt while statement switch statement if statement IF expression THEN statement list ELSE statement list ENDIF for statement FOR lt identifier gt lt expression gt TO IDOWNTO lt exp
36. FTP site Information available from the BBS includes new product information product upgrade files and problem solving tips The phone number for the Multi Tech BBS is 800 392 2432 USA and Canada or 612 785 3702 international and local The BBS can be accessed by any asynchronous modem operating at 1200 bps to 56 Kbps at a setting of 8 bits no parity and 1 stop bit 8 N 1 To log on to the Multi Tech BBS Set your communications program to 8 N 1 Dial our BBS at 800 392 2432 USA and Canada or 612 785 3702 international and local At the prompts type your first name last name and password then press ENTER If you are a first time caller the BBS asks if your name is spelled correctly If you answer yes a questionnaire is displayed You must complete the questionnaire to use the BBS on your first call Press ENTER until the Main Menu is displayed From the Main Menu you have access to two areas the Files Menu and News For help on menu commands type To Download a file D Foz If you know the file name From the Main Menu type F to access the Files Menu then type D Enter the name of the file you wish to download from the BBS If a password is required enter the password Answer Y or N to the automatic logoff question Select a file transfer protocol by typing the indicated letter such as Z for Zmodem the recommended protocol If you select Zmodem the transfer will begin automatically If you select
37. Finder 100 PPP Pot Setup x Data Compression X WIC Authentication User Name Periodic Timer 5 Password Number of Retries Amm Password Authentication Protocol PAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol CHAP SLIP Enable CSLIP Van Jacobson Compression Maximum Transmit Unit 1500 Dial n Demand Remote Port Setup Client only IT Enable Hangup After fi Mins Client or LAN PPP is the default protocol If SLIP is being used click the PPP Enable option to disable PPP then click the SLIP Enable option Determine if the TCP header is going to be compressed using VJC compression If VJC compression is used click the CSLIP Van Jacobson Compression option The Point to Point Advanced tab contains options which control echo request message printing and termination and configuration requests MTASR1 100 Chapter 4 RouteFinder Software Frame Relay Setup The Frame Relay dialog box displays the Management Type details of that management type and the number of DLCls that are active Frame relay parameters have to be set up exactly as they are provisioned from the network service Therefore it is important not to change any frame relay parameters and when adding new DLCIs that they agree with the way your frame relay service is provisioned TT Enable Total DLCIs 1 Management Type Annex D Full Status Enquiry Interval N391 k O Annex A Er
38. IP subnetted network The topology of an area is hidden from the rest of the Autonomous System and this information hiding enables a significant reduction in routing traffic Also routing within an area is determined only by the area s own topology protecting the area from bad routing data All OSPF protocol exchanges are authenticated e only trusted routers can participate in the Autonomous System s routing Furthermore a variety of authentication schemes can be used in fact separate authentication schemes can be configured for each IP subnet Clicking the OSPF button on the Advanced tab opens the General Setup dialog box MTASR1 100 31 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide IPX Setup The IPX Virtual Port Setup dialog box controls the four frame types and the WAN port setup The Advanced tab enables IPX routing auto learn of Ethernet network numbers and the distributed name of the RouteFinder RouteFinder 100 IPX Virtual Port Setup x wx sw we RIP i Broadcast Interval eo Network Aging Timer 180 Auto Leam Transport Time fi NetBIOS SAP X Enable Broadcast Interval 60 Hops 8 Aging Timer 180 Bandwidth Optimization IX Periodic RIP X Periodic SAP IX Discard Serialization Packets IX IPX Watchdog Spoofing X SPX Watchdog Spoofing The RIP and SAP default timers should not have to be changed for most applications Disabling IPX and SPX Watchdog Spoofing in th
39. LAN to LAN Routing for Central Site and Branch Office Networks Model MTASR1 100 User Guide Multi Systems User Guide 88302550 Revision A RouteFinder Model MTASR1 100 This publication may not be reproduced in whole or in part without prior expressed written permission from Multi Tech Systems Inc All rights reserved Copyright 1998 by Multi Tech Systems Inc Multi Tech Systems Inc makes no representations or warranties with respect to the contents hereof and specifically disclaims any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose Furthermore Multi Tech Systems Inc reserves the right to revise this publication and to make changes from time to time in the content hereof without obligation of Multi Tech Systems Inc to notify any person or organization of such revisions or changes Record of Revisions Revision Description A Manual released covers software version 3 00 All pages at revision A 11 3 98 Patents This Product is covered by one or more of the following U S Patent Numbers 5 301 274 5 309 562 5 355 365 5 355 653 5 452 289 5 453 986 Other Patents Pending TRADEMARK Trademark of Multi Tech Systems Inc is the Multi Tech logo RouteFinder is a trademark of Multi Tech Systems Inc Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other countries Multi Tech Systems Inc 2205 Woodale Drive Mounds View Minnesota 55112 6
40. Protocol UDP Individual applications are referred to by a port identifier in TCP UDP messages The port identifier and IP address together form a socket Well known port numbers on the server side of a connection include 20 FTP data transfer 21 FTP control 23 Telnet 25 SMTP 43 whois 70 Gopher 79 finger and 80 HTTP TCP described in RFC 793 ftp ds internic net rfc rfc793 txt provides a virtual circuit connection oriented communication service across the network TCP includes rules for formatting messages establishing and terminating virtual circuits sequencing flow control and error correction Most of the applications in the TCP IP suite operate over the reliable transport service provided by TCP MTASR1 100 Appendixes UDP described in RFC 768 ftp ds internic net rfc rfc768 txt provides an end to end datagram connectionless service Some applications such as those that involve a simple query and response are better suited to the datagram service of UDP because there is no time lost to virtual circuit establishment and termination UDP s primary function is to add a port number to the IP address to provide a socket for the application The Application Layer protocols are examples of common TCP IP applications and utilities which include e Telnet Telecommunication Network a virtual terminal protocol allowing a user logged on to one TCP IP host to access other hosts on the network d
41. WEB Browser EE EE 48 Chapter 6 Service Warranty and Tech Support INTOJUCUON EE Litea rr EE On line Warranty ee ie EE E nio ini Recording RouteFinder Mo Malos So er TO NUE TON EB eegene eege Bel ele Eent the Multi Teth EE To Downoad afle neis nine eler a About the Multi Tech Fax Back Eu tege ege eege EELER Appendixes Appendix A Cabling Ee Le Appendix B Scnpt Tele Tee Appendix G Regulatory lte E e D cis Append De TG DM Be GE Internet Protocol IP ET Glossary of Terms Index Chapter 1 Introduction and Description Multi Systems RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Introduction Welcome to Multi Tech s new RouteFinder model number MTASR1 100 an IP IPX router for interconnecting LANs using switched or dedicated wide area telecommunicaitons links The MTASR1 100 provides IP and IPX routing and Media Access Control MAC layer bridging for all other protocols over its WAN port It features a 10Base T or AUI port for local LAN connection Command Port for configuration and an RS 232 V 35 port for asynchronous or synchronous remote WAN connection using standard point to point protocol PPP The configurable WAN port operates with a compatible communication device operating up to 115K bps for async and T1 for sync speeds These devices include asynchronous and synchronous modems ISDN terminal adapters and DDS Switched 56 Fractional T1 and T1 DSUs System management is provided through the command port using
42. X 25 information on or from a packet Packet Data The information format packetized used for packet mode calls Packet Mode Refers to the switching of chunks of information for different users using statistical multiplexing to send them over the same transmission facility Parity bit An extra bit attached to each byte of synchronous data used to detect errors in transmission Permanent Virtual Circuit PVC A connection between two endpoints dedicated to a single user In ISDN PVCs are establised by network administration and are held for as long as the user subscribes to the service Physical Unit PU The component that manages and monitors the resources such as attached links and adjacent link stations associated with a node as requested by an SSCP via an SSCP PU session An SSCP activates a session with the physical unit in order to indirectly manage through the PU resources of the node such as attached links This term applies to type 2 0 type 4 and type 5 nodes only Point of Presence POP The central office s end points of the long distance carriers Point to Point Protocol PPP A protocol that lets a PC user access TCP IP Internet memeber using an ISDN terminal adapter or a high speed modem over a standard phone line Port A location for input or output data exchange Computers muxes etc have ports for various purposes Primary Rate Interface PRI Used on ISDN In North America and Japan PRI is one 6
43. a flag at each end signifying the start and end of the frame Frame Relay A form of packet switching that uses small packets and that requires less error checking than other forms of packet switching Frame relay is effective for sending bursty data at high speeds 56 64K 256K and 1024K bps over wide area networks Frame Relay specifications are defined by ANSI documents ANSI T1 602 T1 606 T1S1 90 175 T1S1 90 213 and T1S1 90 214 In using frame relay blocks of information frames are passed across a digital network interface using a connection number that is applied to each frame to distinguish between individual frames Frame Relay Forum A non profit organization of 300 vendors and service providers based in Foster City CA that are MTASR1 100 Glossary developing and deploying frame relay equipment Frame Relay Implementors Forum A group of companies supporting a common specification for frame relay connection to link customer premises equipment to telco network equipment Their specification supports ANSI frame relay specs and defines extensions such as local management Frame Relay Access Device FRAD A piece of equipment that acts as a concentrator or frame assembler dissassember that can support multiple protocols and provide basic routing functions G Gateway 1 functional unit that interconnects two computer networks with different network architectures gateway connects networks or systems o
44. anagement overhead 3 Change the Monitored Events Count and the Error Threshold to affect the RouteFinder s sensitivity to errors on the link Every management frame received by the RouteFinder is considered an event and if the link integrity sequence numbers are wrong for example it is considered an errored event With the default settings if Error Threshold is 3 and Monitored Events Count is 4 and 3 out of 4 events are errored then the link is considered to be bad and the RouteFinder stops sending on all DLCIs and restarts the initial procedures to activate the link If you click the DLCI button the Frame Relay DLCI dialog box is displayed MTASR1 100 37 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Frame Relay DLCI 38 The Frame Relay DLCI dialog box initially displays a default DLCI that is mapped to a default IP address STP WAN Number a CIR setting of 56K a Be of zero and the mode set to Adhere to CIR RouteFinder 100 Frame Relay DLCI x DLCI Protocol Stacks Mapped TF IP Address E Total DLCIs IPX Network Number EI 1 I STP WAN Number Ty Configured Settings in Bits second 0100 Committed Information Rate Excess Burst Rate Be Add a Delete Adhere to CIR Adhere to CIR Be As Fast as Possible Before you add new DLCls you have to add logical WANs to the IP port To add a new DLCI Number enter the number in the DLCI window You do not have to enter
45. and the Select Port field is set for the COM port of your local PC In the Dial String field enter the AT command for dialing ATDT plus the phone number of the remote RouteFinder MTASR1 100 Chapter 5 Remote Configuration and Management If your Modem Initialization String Initialization Response or Connect Response values are different from the defaults in the dialog box refer to your modem user documentation and change the default values to match your modem Click on OK when you are satisfied with all your selections 6 You are returned to the Windows program Start the RouteFinder Configuration program Windows 3 1x Double click on the RouteFinder Configuration icon in the Program Manager Windows 95 NT Click on Start gt gt Programs gt gt RouteFinder gt gt RouteFinder Configuration 7 The Dialing Router dialog box is displayed while software is dialing the remote RouteFinder 8 The Reading Setup dialog box is displayed Date Stamp Nov 3 1998 Size bytes 7931 Checksum 0x86DD 9 The Router Setup dialog box is displayed This is the dialog box of the remote RouteFinder Refer to Chapter 4 for a description of each dialog box For a detailed description of each field within a dialog box refer to the on line helps provided within your RouteFinder software RouteFinder 100 Router Setup BEBE 10 After you have changed the configuration of the remote RouteFinder click on the
46. apter 4 RouteFinder Software Applications Setup This dialog box lets you set up support for Telnet TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol WEB and Asynchronous Gateway servers in the RouteFinder This dialog box is displayed by clicking Others on the Router Setup dialog box Telnet is an applications level protocol commonly found in IP based networks that allow terminal emulation at a remote workstation TFTP is a file transfer protocol that uses UDP and provides a simple method for transferring files between two nodes one the server and the other the client The RouteFinder also supports Multi Tech s Communications Services Interface MCSI Asynchronous Gateway server or AG server or Netware Communications Services Interface NCSI In order to use this service every asynchronous communication line has a unique MCSI name across the internetwork RouteFinder 100 Applications Setup x Router Password NENNEN EE Ena ARE X Enable Telnet Server X Enable Dumb Terminal Management X Enable TETP Server X Enable WEB Server r Terminal Server X Enable Default Telnet Server Asynchronous Gateway AG Server X Enable Display Connection Manager Menu IPX Receives per Session fi 6 SNMP X Enable Printf Receive Data Init Transmit Mib Parse T Socket Alarm Diagnostics The RouteFinder is equipped with a built in diagnostics utility that can be accessed through
47. between its maximum and minimum points Analog Transmission One of two types of telecommunications which uses an analog signal as a carrier of voice data video etc An analog signal becomes a carrier when it is modulated by altering its phase amplitude and frequency to correspond with the source signal Compare with digital transmission Application Program Interface API A software module created to allow dissimilar or incompatible applications programs to transfer information over a communications link APIs may be simple or complex they are commonly required to link PC applications with mainframe programs ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange pronounced askey A binary code for data that is used in communications and in many computers and terminals The code is used to represent numbers letters punctuation and control characters The basic ASCII code is a 7 bit character set which defines 128 possible characters The extended ASCII file provides 255 characters Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM A very high speed method of transmission that uses fixed size cells of 53 bytes to transfer information over fiber also known as cell relay AT Commands A standard set of commands used to configure various modem parameters establish connections and disconnect The AT is used to get the attention of the modem before the actual command is issued Availability The measure of the time during which a cir
48. bundled Windows software which provides easy to use configuration menus Figure 1 1 RouteFinder Preview of this Guide This guide describes the RouteFinder and explains how to install and configure the unit The information contained in each chapter is as follows Chapter 1 Introduction and Description Chapter 1 describes the RouteFinder including the front panel indicators and back panel connectors A list of relevant specifications is provided at the end of the chapter Chapter 2 Installation This chapter provides information on unpacking cabling your RouteFinder and changing the shunt position The cabling procedure describes the cable connection to the Ethernet LAN to a PC for configuration to an external WAN device and AC power Chapter 3 Software Loading and Configuration Chapter 3 details the software loading and configuration of the RouteFinder for IP IPX or Spanning Tree Protocol The physical WAN port is configured for synchronous or asynchronous communication Virtual WAN ports may be configured in frame relay for the WAN communications The RouteFinder software diskettes are Windows based Chapter 4 RouteFinder Software Chapter 4 describes the RouteFinder software package designed for the Windows environment The RouteFinder Program Group has eight icons that allow for configuration download default setup download firmware update local port setup WAN device configuration and remote user data base
49. cations Union Telecommunications Sector the United Nations organization that prepares standards Recommendations for resolving communications issues and problems J No Entries K Key Telephone System KTS Phone devices with multiple buttons that let you select incoming or outgoing CO phone lines directly Similar in operation to a PBX except with a KTS you don t have to dial a 9 to call outside the building Key Service Unit KSU A small device containing the switching electronics for a business key telephone system KTS Key Set A phone set with several buttons for call holding line pickup intercom autodialing etc Also called a touchtone phone Ericsson and a KTS Key Telephone Set L LAPB Link Access Procedure Balanced based on the X 25 Layer 2 specification A full duplex point to point bit synchronous protocol commonly used as a data link control protocol to interface X 25 DTEs LAPB is the link initialization procedure that establishes and maintains communications between the DTE and the DCE LAPD Link Access Protocol for the D Channel based on the ISDN Q 921 specification A full duplex point to point bit synchronous link level protocol for ISDN connections different from LAPB in its framing sequence Transmission is in units called frames and a frame may contain one or more X 25 packets Line Coding The representation of 1s and Os on a T1 line The two methods of line coding commonly used
50. cedure 42 1 Atthe remote site remove the serial cable from the PC to the Command Port connector on the back panel of the RouteFinder 2 Atthe remote site connect a Remote Configuration Cable to the Command Port connector on the back panel of the RouteFinder and the RS 232 connector on the modem This cable is a serial cable with male connectors on both ends Refer to Appendix A for cable details Connect the modem to your local telephone line Provide your telephone number to the person verifying your configuration 3 Atthe main site connect your local PC to a modem that is connected to a dial up line 4 Install the RouteFinder software on the local PC and start the Configuration Port Setup program Windows 3 1x double click on the Configuration Port Setup Icon in the RouteFinder program group Windows 95 NT Click on Start gt gt Programs gt gt RouteFinder gt gt Configuration Port Setup 5 The RouteFinder Setup dialog box is displayed RouteFinder RASFinder Setup x Communication Type Select Port IP Address 200 2 9 1 r Modem Setup Init String fATso 1 amp E5 5B19200tw CE Init Response fox Cancel jal Stri Dial String Help Connect Response CONNECT Hangup String Fr Ath NOTE If there is a Dial String specified in Modem Setup Configuration programs will try to initialize modem and dial this string Verify that the Communication Type field is set for Com port
51. cuit is ready for use the complement of circuit outage 100 minus outage available B B7ZS Bipolar 7 Zero Suppression line coding One method of T1 line coding see also B8ZS and AMI B7ZS line coding does not place restrictions on user data AMI does B8ZS Bipolar 8 Zero Suppression line coding One of two common methods of T1 line coding with AMI B8ZS line coding does not place restrictions on user data AMI does A coding method used to produce 64K bps clear transmission See also B7ZS and AMI line coding Backbone 1 A set of nodes and their interconnecting links providing the primary data path across a network 2 In a local area network multiple bridge ring configuration a high speed link to which the rings are connected by means of bridges A backbone may be configured as a bus or as a ring 3 In a wide area network a high speed link to which nodes or data switching exchanges DSEs are connected 4 A common distribution core that provides all electrical power gases chemicals and other services to the sectors of an automated wafer processing system Background An activity that takes place in the PC while you are running another application In other words the active user interface does not correspond to the background task Bandwidth The transmission capacity of a computer channel communications line or bus It is expressed in cycles per second hertz the bandwidth b
52. d to the RouteFinder s Command Port 2 Insert the RouteFinder 3 00 Disk 1 into the disk drive on the PC that is connected to the RouteFinder 3 Win3 1 users access Run by clicking on the File menu in Program Manager and then click on Run In the Run dialog box type a setup or b setup depending on the letter of your floppy disk drive in the Command Line field and then click OK Win95 NT users click on the Start box and then click on Run In the Run dialog box click on the down arrow and choose a setup or b setup depending on the letter of your floppy disk drive in the Command Line field and then click OK 4 The Welcome Screen is displayed 2 RouteFinder RASFinder Setup Routelinder RASFinder Welcom Welcome to the RouteFinder RASFinder Setup program This program wil install RouteFinder RASFinder on your computer It is strongly recommended that you exit all Windows programs before running this Setup ram is unning this progr Click Cancel to quit Setup and then close any programs you have running Click Next to continue with the Setup program RARO This program is protected by copyright law and international treaties EE EE may result in severe civil and criminal penalties prosecuted to the maximum extent possible under law Next gt Cancel 5 Press Enter or click Next gt to continue Follow the on screen instructions to install your RouteFinder software Choose Destinati
53. dard set of transmission control characters and control character sequences for binary synchronous transmission of binary coded data between stations Bit Binary digiT A bit is the basis of the binary number system It can take the value of 1 or 0 Bits are generally recognized as the electrical charge generated or stored by a computer that represent some portion of usable information Bit Error Rate Test BERT A device or routine that measures the quality of data transmission A known bit pattern is transmitted and the errors received are counted and a BER bit error rate is calculated The BER is the ratio of received bits in error relative to the total number of bits received expressed in a power of 10 Bit robbing The use of the least significant bit per channel in every sixth frame for signaling The line signal bits robbed from the speech part conveys sufficient pre ISDN telephony signaling information with the remaining line signal bits providing sufficient line signaling bits for recreating the original sound See robbed bit signaling Blue Alarm An error indication signal consisting of all 1s indicating disconnection or attached device failure Contrast Red Alarm and Yellow Alarm Bps bits per second A unit to measure the speed at which data bits can be transmitted or received Bps differs from baud when more than one bit is represented by a single cycle of the carrier Bridges 1 A functional unit tha
54. der right side up then slide the base out the rear of the cabinet 8 Position DIP Switch Back Panel Connectors RAM Sockets t V 35 Shunt Position RS232C Shunt Position Default Figure 2 3 Shunt Positions 4 Pry the shunt out of the default RS 232 position then insert the shunt in the V 35 position for the WAN link See Figure 2 3 5 Slide the base all the way into the cabinet until it stops 6 Turn the RouteFinder upside down and replace the cabinet mounting screw that was removed in step 2 See Figure 2 2 7 Turn the RouteFinder right side up and connect the cables Refer to the Cabling your Router section MTASR1 100 15 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Cabling your RouteFinder Cabling your RouteFinder involves making the proper WAN Ethernet Command Port and power connections Figure 2 4 shows the back panel connectors and the associated cable connections To connect the cables to your RouteFinder do the following 1 If the WAN link needs to be changed to a V 35 interface perform the Changing Shunt Position procedure 10BASE T COMMAND PORT ICH g Power Connection e l So WAN Connection Ethernet Connection Figure 2 4 Back Panel Connections 2 Connect the RouteFinder Command Port to your PC us
55. e Bandwidth Optimization group has proven effective under certain circumstances with Citrix clients The WAN tab allows you to enable or disable IPX routing on the WAN port change the network number for the WAN port enable or disable NetBIOS change the default RIP and SAP timers and optimize the bandwidth If the WAN port is configured for frame relay this dialog box allows you to add logical WAN How the logical IPX WAN ports are configured is controlled by the WAN Port Setup tab RouteFinder 100 IPX Virtual Port Setup xi TYPE Il RIP Broadcast Interval 60 Network Aging Timer fi 80 fi 7345678 Transport Time 20 NetBIOS SAP X Enable Broadcast Interval 60 Hops 8 Aging Timer 180 Bandwidth Optimization X Periodic RIP IX Periodic SAP X Discard Serialization Packets X IPX Watchdog Spoofing X SPX Watchdog Spoofing The IPX WAN network number has to be the same on both ends of the link and must be unique throughout the internetwork If the WAN port is configured in a point to point configuration both WAN network numbers have to be the same and unique If the WAN port is configured in a frame relay configuration both virtual WAN numbers have to be the same and unique Ina frame relay configuration the logical WAN network number has to be the same and unique at both ends of the Permanent Virtual Circuit PVC MTASR1 100 Chapter 4 RouteFinder Software The Advanced tab co
56. e interrupt Outage is the complement of circuit availability 100 minus available outage Out of band Signaling that is separated from the channel carrying the information e g the voice data video signal is separate from the carrier signal Dialing and various other supervisory signals are included in the signaling element Contrast In band signaling MTASR1 100 73 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide 74 Out of Frame OOF A T1 alarm condition that is logged on the loss of 2 3 or 4 of 5 consecutive FT framing bits P Packet 1 In data communication a sequence of binary digits including data and control signals that is transmitted and Switched as a composite whole The data control signals and possibly error control information are arranged in a specific format 2 Synonymous with data frame 3 In TCP IP the unit of data passed across the interface between the Internet layer and the link layer A packet includes an IP header and data A packet can be a complete IP datagram or a fragment of an IP diagram 4 In X 25 a data transmission information unit A group of data and control characters transferred as a unit determined by the process of transmission Commonly used data field lengths in packets are 128 or 256 bytes 5 The field structure and format defined in the CCITT X 25 recommendation Packet Assembler Dissembler PAD Used by devices to communicate over X 25 networks by building or stripping
57. e toward the back of the printed circuit board See Figure 1 4 8 Position DIP Switch Back Panel Connectors RAM Sockets V 35 Shunt Position RS232C Shunt Position Default Figure 1 4 Shunt Positions The RouteFinder has a shunt for the RS 232 and the V 35 links The RS 232 and V 35 shunt positions are identified To change the position of the shunt refer to the V 35 Changing Shunt Position procedure 10 MTASR1 100 Chapter 1 Introduction and Description Specifications The RouteFinder conforms to the following specifications e Routing Protocols IP and IPX and bridging for all others e Ethernet LAN Interface 10Base T twisted pair or 10Base2 ThinNet BNC WAN Interface 1 async or sync link RS 232C V 35 e Command Port 19 2 Kbps Asynchronous e Two 4 megabyte DRAMs 1 meg by 36 bytes at 70 nanosecond SIMMs Caution SIMM speed and size cannot be mixed 1 MB of Flash memory Ethernet Port One Ethernet Interface 10Base T twisted pair RJ 45 connector or 10Base2 ThinNet BNC connector Command Port e Single 19 2 Kbps asynchronous Command Port using a short RJ 45 to DB25 cable with a female connector WAN Link e 115 2 Kbps asynchronous WAN link or T1 1 544 Mbps sync link using DB25 male connector Optional ITU T V 35 interface using a V 35 adapter cable Electrical Physical Voltage 115 VAC Standard 240 Volts AC Optional e Frequency 47 to 63 Hz e Power Consump
58. ed with your selections The WAN Ports Default Setup dialog box is displayed with the WAN Port enabled the speed set at 115200 and the Modem Type defaulted to MultiModem ZDX Series RouteFinder 100 WAN Ports Default Setup x WAN Ix Enable Modem Type MultiModem ZDX Series El Asynchronous Speed Dial Number C Synchronous 115200 E Clock Speed X Direct Connect Leased Line External Clock Internal Clock E T Answering If the WAN port is connected to a synchronous device select Synchronous the default uses an external clock in the synchronous device If you are using the RouteFinder s internal clock select Internal Clock and select the appropriate Clock Speed from the pull down list If the WAN port is connected to an asynchronous device select Asynchronous then click the Direct Connect Leased Line option to disable it the Modem Type and Dial Number fields become active Select your external modem from the pull down list The Speed can either be left at the default 115200 value or set to the maximum capability of your modem If the WAN port is being set up to make a call enter the telephone number to be dialed in the Dial Number field MTASR1 100 21 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide If the WAN port is being set up to answer a call click the Answering option the Dial Number field becomes inactive 27 Click OK when you are satisfied with your selections 28 The Checking Router dialog
59. eing the difference between the lowest and highest frequencies transmitted The range of usable frequencies that a transmission medium will pass without unacceptable attenuation or distortion Bandwidth is a factor in determining the amount of information and the speed at which a medium can transmit data or other information Backward Explicit Congestion Notification BECN A bit that tells you that a certain frame on a particular logical connection has encountered heavy traffic The bit provides notification that congestion avoidance procedures should be initiated in the opposite direction of the received frame See also FECN Forward Explicit Congestion Notification MTASR1 100 Glossary Basic Rate Interface BRI An ISDN access interface type comprised of two B channels each at 64K bps and one D channel at 64K bps 2B D Bell Operating Companies BOC The family of corporations created during the divestiture of AT amp T BOCs are independent companies which service a specific region of the US Also called Regional Bell Operating Companies RBOCs Bell Pub 41450 The Bell publication defining requirements for data format conversion line conditioning and termination for direct DDS connection Bell Pub 62310 The Bell publication defining requirements for data format conversion line conditioning and termination for direct DDS connection Binary Synchronous Communication BSC A form of telecommunication line control that uses a stan
60. escribed in RFC 854 ftp ds internic net rfc rfc854 txt e FTP the File Transfer Protocol allows a user to transfer files between local and remote host computers per IETF RFC 959 ftp ds internic net rfc rfc959 txt Archie a utility that allows a user to search all registered anonymous FTP sites for files on a specified topic e Gopher a tool that allows users to search through data repositories using a menu driven hierarchical interface with links to other sites per RFC 1436 ftp ds internic net rfc rfc1436 txt e SMTP the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is the standard protocol for the exchange of electronic mail over the Internet per IETF RFC 821 ftp ds internic net rfc rfc821 txt HTTP the Hypertext Transfer Protocol is the basis for exchange of information over the World Wide Web WWW Various versions of HTTP are in use over the Internet with HTTP version 1 0 per RFC 1945 ftp ds internic net rfc rfc1945 txt being the most current e HTML WWW pages are written in the Hypertext Markup Language HTML an ASCII based platform independent formatting language per IETF RFC 1866 ftp ds internic net rfc rfc1866 txt e Finger used to determine the status of other hosts and or users per IETF RFC 1288 ftp ds internic net rfc rfc1288 txt e POP the Post Office Protocol defines a simple interface between a user s mail reader software and an electronic mail server the current version is POP
61. ess Zeros A T1 error condition that is logged when more than 15 consecutive Os or fewer than one 1 bit in 16 bits occurs Exchange A unit public or private that can consist of one or more central offices established to serve a specified area An exchange typically has a single rate of charges tariffs that has previously been approved by a regulatory group Exchange Area A geographical area with a single uniform set of charges tariffs approved by a regulatory group for telephone services Calls between any two points within an exchange area are local calls See also Digital PBX PBX Exchange Termination ET The carrier s local exchange switch Contrast with Loop Termination LT Explicit Congestion Management The method used in frame relay to notify the terminal equipment that the network is overly busy The use of FECN and BECN is called explicit congestion management Some end to end protocols use FECN or BECN but usually not both options together With this method a congestion condition is identified and fixed before it becomes critical Contrast with implicit congesion Extended Super Frame ESF One of two popular formats for framing bits on a T1 line ESF framing has a 24 frame super frame where robbed bit signaling is inserted in the LSB bit 8 of the DS 0 byte of frames 6 12 18 and 24 ESF has more T1 error measurement capabilities than D4 framing Both ESF and B8ZS are typically offered to provide c
62. evice Default Setup Firmware port setup Configuration z 800T 1 IS Router Remote User Ey Configuration Data Base Upgrade Uninstall Router Configuration will be discussed in detail later in this chapter A brief description of each of the other components is provided here Download Default Setup This feature enables you to download the default settings configured during installation to the RouteFinder If you are installing for the first time you will download this setup at the end of the installation before operating the RouteFinder If you have made changes to the RouteFinder Configuration and now want to revert to the default setup you can do so through the RouteFinder program group Choose Download Default Setup to download the factory default settings If the RouteFinder is running you will be queried to reboot Click Yes to continue with the download You will then be presented with three dialog boxes including Novell IPX Protocol Default Setup IP Protocol Default Setup and WAN Port Default Setup These screens will contain the original setup information Click OK on each to accept the default settings or make any necessary changes and then click OK When prompted click OK again to proceed with the download The default setup will be written to the RouteFinder This process may take a few minutes When it is finished you will be returned to Windows MTASR1 100 FIRHHARE EV Download Firmware Sp Be Configuration po
63. f different architectures A bridge interconnects networks or systems with the same or similar architectures 2 network that connects hosts Graphical User Interface GUI A type of computer interface consisting of a visual metaphor of a real world scene often of a desktop Within that scene are icons representing actual objects that the user can access and manipulate with a pointing device H Handshaking A process that two modems go through at the time of call setup to establish synchronization over the data communications link It is a synchronization and negotiation process accomplished by the exchange of predefined mutually recognized control codes High level Data Link Control HDLC An ISO standard bit oriented data communications protocol that provides nearly error free data transfers Hexadecimal A base 16 numbering system used to represent binary values Hex uses the numbers 0 9 and the letters A F usually notated by an h e g 4CF h read four charley fox hex The result is that one hex digit represents a 4 bit value Implicit congestion management A method of informing the terminal that the network is busy This method relies on the end system protocol to detect and fix the congestion problem TCP IP is an example of a protocol using only implicit congestion management See also explicit congestion management In band Refers to the type of signalling over the conversion path on an ISDN call
64. gh data rates with the same connector used for RS 232 however it is incompatible with RS 232 S Serial Port The connector on a PC used to attach serial devices those that need to receive data one bit after another such as a mouse a printer or a modem This consists of a 9 or 25 pin connector that sends data in sequence bit by bit Serial ports are referred to as COMx ports where x is 1 to 4 i e COM1 through COM4 A serial port contains a conversion chip called a UART which translates between internal parallel and external serial formats Service The requirements offered by an RPOA to its customers to satisfy specific telecommunications needs Severely Errored Seconds SES Refers to a typical T1 error event where an error burst occurs a short term high bit error rate that is self clearing Per the ITU T CCITT G 821 any second in which the BER is less than 1x10 3 Signaling The process of establishing maintaining accounting for and terminating a connection between two endpoints e g the user premises and the telco CO Central office signals to the user premises can include ringing dial tone speech signals etc Signals from the user s telephone can include off hook dialing speech to far end party and on hook signals In band signaling techniques include pulse and tone dialing With common channel signaling information is carried out of band MTASR1 100 75 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide 76
65. hausted and the class D and E addresses are reserved for special use Consequently companies now seeking an Internet connection are limited to class C addresses The current demand for Internet connections will exhaust the current stock of 32 bit IP addresses In response Internet architects have proposed the next generation of IP addresses IPng IP Next Generation It will feature 16 byte 128 bit addressing surpassing the capacities of 32 bit IP Still in its design phase IPng also known as IPv6 is not expected to be widely deployed before the end of this century An IP address can serve only a single physical network Therefore if your organization has multiple physical networks you must make them appear as one to external users This is done via subnetting a complex procedure best left to ISPs and others experienced in IP addressing Since IP addresses and domain names have no inherent connection they are mapped together in databases stored on Domain Name Servers DNS If you decide to let an Internet Service Provider ISP administer your DNS server the ISP can assist you with the domain name and IP address assignment necessary to configure your company s site specific system information Domain names and IP addresses are granted by the InterNIC To check the availability of a specific name or to obtain more information call the InterNIC at 703 742 4777 MTASR1 100 Glossary of Terms Multi Systems RouteFinder MTASR1
66. he CO device which splits and redistributes the T1 bandwidth the DCS takes time slots from various T1 lines and alters them to provide the needed connectivity DCS connections are made with software at an administrator s workstation Digital Data Information represented by discrete values or conditions contrast Analog Data Digital Loopback A technique used for testing the circuitry of a communications device Can be initiated locally or remotely via a telecommunications device The tested device decodes and encodes a received test message then echoes the message back The results are compared with the original message to determine if corruption occurred en route Digital PBX A Private Branch Exchange that operates internally on digital signals See also Exchange Digital Service level 0 DSO The world wide standard speed 64K bps for digital voice conversation using PCM pulse coded modulation Digital Service level 1 DS1 The 1 544M bps voice standard derived from an older Bell System standard for digitized voice transmission in North America The 1 544M bps consists of 24 digitally encoded 64K bps voice channels north America and 2 048M bps 30 channels elsewhere Digital Signal A discrete or discontinuous signal e g a sequence of voltage pulses Digital devices such as terminals and computers transmit data as a series of electrical pulses which have discrete jumps rather than gradual changes Digital S
67. he software Refer to your RouteFinder Quick Start Guide for installation instructions MTASR1 100 27 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Router Configuration REY Router Configuration The Router Setup menu has 13 buttons two rows of five buttons plus one row with three buttons that enable you to display and change the protocol stacks define the output of the RouteFinder perform network management functions test the communications link print messages received from the target RouteFinder and download setup information to the RouteFinder Two buttons in the bottom row of buttons open the on line Help system RouteFinder Setup Help and end Exit a RouteFinder Setup session RouteFinder 100 Router Setup GI IP Port Setup 28 The IP Port Setup dialog box allows you to change the IP routing capabilities add or delete logical WANs enable the DHCP relay agent assign DNS address and define default and static routes The initial routing capabilities were established during software installation You can change IP routing parameters by clicking the Advanced tab and changing for example the RIP Response Time or RIP Route Aging Time The WAN tab allows you to change the WAN port IP address the remote address and if logical WAN ports are being added for frame relay you can add them by clicking Add The Ethernet tab displays the parameters for your Ethernet port with the IP Address established during the initial l
68. ignaling Rates DSn A hierarchical system for transmission rates where DSO is 64K bps equivalent to ISDN B channel and DS1 is 1 5 Mbps equivalent to ISDN PRI Digital Transmission A method of electronic information transmission common between computers and other digital devices Analog signals are waveforms a combination of many possible voltages A computer s digital signal may be only high or low at any given time Therefore digital signals may be cleaned up noise and distortion removed and amplified during transmission Digitize To convert an analog signal to a digital signal DIP switch pronounced dip switch A set of tiny toggle switches built into a DIP dual in line package used for setting configurable parameters on a PCB printed circuit board Driver A software module that interfaces between the Operating System and a specific hardware device e g color monitors printers hard disks etc Also known as a device driver Drop and Insert The process where a portion of information carried in a transmission system is demodulated Dropped at an intermediate point and different information is included Inserted for subsequent transmission DTE Data Terminal Equipment A term used to include any device in a network which generates stores or displays user information DTE is a telecommunications term which usually refers to PCs terminals printers etc DTMF Dual Tone Mul
69. ing the short RJ 45 to DB25 female cable provided with your unit Plug the RJ 45 end of the cable into the Command Port on the RouteFinder Plug the other end into a COM port on the PC See Figure 2 4 3 Connectan RJ 45 UTP cable to the 10BaseT connector on the back panel or a BNC thin coaxial cable connector to the 10Base2 connector 4 Connect an RS 232C D or V 35 interface cable to the back panel RS 232 V 35 connector as shown in Figure 2 4 Connect the other end of the cable to the appropriate connector on the external link device WAN connection 5 Connect one end of the power supply to a live AC outlet then connect the other end to the POWER connector on the RouteFinder as shown in Figure 2 4 The power connector is a 6 pin circular DIN connector 6 Turn on power to the RouteFinder by setting the ON OFF switch on the back panel to the ON position At this time your RouteFinder is completely cabled and powered On Proceed to Chapter 3 to load the RouteFinder software 16 MTASR1 100 Chapter 3 Software Loading and Configuration Multi Systems RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Introduction The following loading procedure does not provide every screen or option in the process of installing the RouteFinder software It is assumed that a technical person with a thorough knowledge of Windows and the software loading process is doing the installation Loading your Software 1 Run Windows on the PC that is connecte
70. it data Request to Send indicator lights then the link is ready to receive data Carrier Detect indicator lights when the RouteFinder detects a carrier signal The V35 indicator lights when the link is configured for a V 35 interface That is the shunt for the link is in the V 35 position The Fail indicator lights for 3 minutes when power is applied to the DSU RouteFinder if it remains on for 3 minutes it indicates a boot failure has occurred this indicator also lights when fimware is being downloaded to the DSU RouteFinder POWER The power indicator lights when the On Off Switch is in the ON position MTASR1 100 Chapter 1 Introduction and Description Back Panel The cable connections for the RouteFinder are made at the back panel Three groups of cables are used on the RouteFinder the Command Port WAN link and the Ethernet The cable connections are shown in Figure 1 8 and defined in the following groups RS232 V 35 10BASE T COMMAND PORT CDD 10BASE 2 Figure 1 3 Back Panel RS 232 V 35 Connector The RS 232 V 35 connector is used to connect the RouteFinder to a WAN device The WAN device connection is to an asynchronous or synchronous communications device such as a modem DSU or ISDN terminal adapter This connection can be either RS232C or V 35 If the connection is V 35 then the shunt must be moved from the default RS232 position to the V 35 position This connector is a DB25 male connector 10Base T C
71. l Area At divestiture the territory served by the Bell system was divided into approximately 161 LATAs The Bell Operating Companies BOCs provide Intra LATA services Local Exchange Carrier LEC The local phone company which provides local e not long distance transmission services AKA telco LECs provide T1 or FT1 access to LDCs unless the T1 circuit is completely intra LATA Inter LATA T1 circuits are made up of a combination of Access and Long Haul facilities Local Management Interface LMI A specification for frame relay equipment that defines status information exchange Local Loop A transmission path typically twisted pair wire between an individual subscriber and the nearest public telecommunications network switching center The wires provide ISDN service but require an NT1 at the user end and an LT at the network end AKA loop or subscriber loop Logical Link Control LLC2 In a local area network the protocol that governs the exchange of transmission frames between data stations independently of how the transmission medium is shared The LLC2 protocol was developed by the IEEE 802 commitee and is common to all LAN standards Logical Unit LU A type of network accessible unit that enables end users to gain access to network resources and communicate with each other Long Haul The T1 element that connects to the Access portion of the long distance company s LDC s central office The LDC is co
72. lear channel service F Failed Seconds A test parameter where the circuit is unavailable for one full second Failed Signal A T1 test parameter logged when there are more than 9 SES Severely Errored Seconds Fax facsimile Refers to the bit mapped rendition of a graphics oriented document fax or to the electronic transmission of the image over telephone lines faxing Fax transmission differs from data transmission in that the former is a bit mapped approximation of a graphical document and therefore cannot be accurately interpreted according to any character code Firmware A category of memory chips that hold their content without electrical power they include ROM PROM EPROM and EEPROM technologies Firmware becomes hard software when holding program code Foreground The application program currently running on and in control of the PC screen and keyboard The area of the screen that occupies the active window Compare with background Fractional T1 FT1 A digital data transmission rate between 56K bps DSO rate and 1 544M bps the full T1 rate in North America FT1 is typically provided on 4 wire two copper pairs UTP Often used for video conferencing imaging and LAN interconnection due to its low cost and relatively high speed FT1 rates are offered in 64K bps multiples usually up to 768K bps Frequency A characteristic of an electrical or electronic signal which describes the periodic recurrence of cyc
73. les Frequency is inversely proportional to the wavelength or pulse width of the signal i e long wavelength signals have low frequencies and short wavelength signals yield high frequencies Foreign Exchange FX A CO trunk with access to a distant CO allowing ease of access and flat rate calls anywhere in the foreign exchange area Foreign Exchange Office FXO provides local telephone service from a CO outside of foreign to the subscriber s exchange area In simple form a user can pick up the phone in one city and receive a tone in the foreign city Connecting a POTS telephone to a computer telephony system via a T1 link requires a channel bank configured for the FX connection To generate a call from the POTS set to the computer telephony system a FXO connection must be configured Foreign Exchange Station FXS See FX FXO To generate a call from the computer telephony system to the POTS set an FXS connection must be configured Forward Explicit Congestion Notification FECN A bit that tells you that a certain frame on a particular logical connection has encountered heavy traffic The bit provides notification that congestion avoidance procedures should be initiatedin the same direction of the received frame See also BECN Backward Explicit Congestion Notification Frame A group of data bits in a specific format to help network equipment recognize what the bits mean and how to process them The bits are sent serially with
74. load Configuration Wan Device Default Setup Firmware port setup Configuration si BOOT a hy Router Configuration si Upgrade Uninstall E object s selected 320 bytes LA Win95 NT users From your desktop click the Start button point to Programs then RouteFinder and then click Remote User Data Base 2 The Users List dialog box is displayed User Names Click the Add User button and 3 The Add Users dialog box is displayed RouteFinder 100 Users Add x ols User Name GUCE User Password Ix IP Call Back Ix IPX TT Call Back X Spanning Tree Call Back Security Enabled Call Back Number Call Back Delay 10 Secs Dial In Ports Dial Out Ports m MTASR1 100 23 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide 24 4 Build your user database by filling in the following fields for each user User Name The User Name can have as many as 39 characters All printable characters are permitted with the restriction that no blanks are allowed in the user name In dial in and dial out applications the user name is treated as a case insensitive string User Password The User Password can have as many as 7 characters In places where the password is used as a character string it is treated as a case insensitive string Elsewhere PPPs CHAP it is treated as a case sensitive pattern Call Back You have to click this check box in order to access the f
75. ltiprogramming in a muti user environment Unshielded Twisted Pair UTP Telephone type wiring Tansmission media for 10Base T V V 25bis An ITU T standard for synchronous communications between a mainframe or host and a modem using HDLC or other character oriented protocol V 54 The ITU T standard for local and remote loopback tests in modems DCEs and DTEs The four basic tests are local digital loopback tests DTE send and receive circuits local analog loopback tests local modem operation remote analog loopback tests comm link to the remote modem and remote digital loopback tests remote modem operation Virtual Circuit A logical connection Used in packet switching wherin a logical connection is established between two devices at the start of transmission All information packets follow the same route and arrive in sequence but do not necessarily carry a complete address MTASR1 100 77 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide 78 W Wide Area Network WAN 1 A network that provides communication services to a geographic area larger than that served by a local area network or a metropolitan area network and that may use or provide public communication facilities 2 data communications network designed to serve an area of hundreds or thousands of miles for example public and private packet switching networks and national telephone networks Contrast with local area network LAN Wide Area Telecommunicati
76. lying protocol Transport Layer Layer 4 of the Open Systems Interconnection OSI model provides reliable end to end delivery of data and detects transmission sequential errors Transport Protocol Data Unit TPDU A transport header which is added to every message contains destination and source addressing information that allows the end to end routing of messages in multi layer NAC networks of high complexity They are automatically added to messages as they enter the network and can be stripped off before being passed to the host or another device that does not support TPDU s Trunk Transmission links that interconnect switching offices TSR terminate and stay resident A software program that remains active and in memory after its user interface is closed Similar to a daemon in UNIX environments Tunneling Encapsulation data in an IP packet for transport across the Internet Twisted pair wiring A type of cabling with one or more pairs of insulated wires wrapped around each other An inexpensive wiring method used for LAN and telephone applications also called UTP wiring U UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter pronounced you art A chip that transmits and receives data on the serial port It converts bytes into serial bits for transmission and vice versa and generates and strips the start and stop bits appended to each character UNIX An operating system developed by Bell Laboratories that features mu
77. mmonly called the point of presence POP Each LDC has a number of POPs located throughout the country The LDC is also called an IEC Inter Exchange Carrier Long Haul Communications The type of phone call reaching outside of a local exchange LE MTASR1 100 Glossary Management Information Base MIB database of network management information used by the Common Management Information Protocol CMIP and the Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP Megacom An AT amp T service with a normal WATS line typically T1 between the customer premise and the AT amp T serving class 4 CO are the customer s responibility MegaLink BellSouth s leased T1 service Message Associated with such terms as packet frame and segment 1 In information theory an ordered series of characters intended to convey information 2 An assembly of characters and sometimes control codes that is transferred as an entry from an originator to one or more recipients Modem A communications device that enables a computer to transmit information over a phone line It converts the computer s digital signals into analog signals to send over a phone line and converts them back to digital signals at the receiving end Modems can be internal and fit into an expansion slot or external and connect to a serial port Multiplexer Mux 1 A device that takes several input signals and combines them into a single output signal in such a manner that each of the input sig
78. nagemennt in terms of speed and burstiness congestion notification The function in frame relay that ensures that user data transmitted at a rate higher than the CIR are allowed to slow down to the rate of the available network bandwidth Consecutive Severely Errored Seconds CSES An error condition that occurs when from 3 to 9 SES Severely Errored Seconds are logged consecutively Customer Premise Equipment CPE The generic term for data comm and or terminal equipment that resides at the user site and is owned by the user with the following exclusions Over voltage protection equipment inside wiring coin operated or pay telephones company official equipment mobile telephone equipment 911 equipment equipment necessary for the provision of communications for national defense or multiplexing equipment used to deliver multiple channels to the customer D D4 the T1 4th generation channel bank D4 channelization Refers to the compliance with AT amp T TR 62411 for DS1 frame layout D4 framing The T1 format for framing in AT amp T D Series channel banks in which there are 12 separate 193 bit frames in a super frame A D4 framing bit is used to identify the channel and the signaling frame Signalling for voice channels is carried in band for every channel along with the encoded voice See robbed bit signaling Data Communications Equipment DCE Any device which serves as the portal of entry from the user equipment t
79. nals can be recovered 2 A device capable of interleaving the events of two or more activities or capable of distributing the events of an interleaved sequence to the respective activities 3 Putting multiple signals on a single channel Multiprotocol A device that can interoperate with devices utilizing different network protocols RouteFinder A secure gateway that provides multiple LAN users with high performance Internet access by functioning as a TCP IP RouteFinder that resides on the outer edge of a firewall Multithreading The ability of a software system to be able to handle more than one transaction concurrently This is contrasted to the case where a single transaction is accepted and completely processed befor the next transaction processing is started N Nailed Connection A permanent or dedicated circuit of a previously switched circuit or circuits Nailed up Circuit A semi permanent circuit established through a circuit switching facility for point to point connectivity NAK Negative Acknowledgment Communications code used to indicate that a message was not properly received or that a terminal does not wish to transmit Contrast with ACK Network A group of computers connected by cables or other means and using software that enables them to share equipment such as printers and disk drives to exchange information Node Any point within a network which has been assigned an address O Object Oriented A method for s
80. nchronous Gateway Server AG Server General Name MODEM Specific Name JUNE Port Inactivity Timeout in minutes fi 0 rTerminal Server IK Enable Default Telnet Server IP Address 0 0 0 0 If the PPP SLIP mode is chosen the RouteFinder is configured for a point to point configuration which allows for the transferring of packets between two end points Enabling this device driver allows for either an asynchronous or synchronous device to be connected between the end points If an asynchronous device is used the RouteFinder can be used as a single port remote access server When the PPP SLIP mode is used further configuration is required using the PPP button in the RouteFinder Setup dialog box The WAN Port Setup Advanced tab contains options which control message printing and script printing modem type control and ISDN TA control MTASR1 100 35 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Point to Point Setup 36 The PPP Port Setup dialog box controls the WAN port protocol dial on demand and remote port setup The WAN port protocol can be either Point to Point Protocol PPP or Serial Line Internet Protocol SLIP Of these two protocols PPP is the more robust as it allows the end points to negotiate the use of the link and protocol parameters in a standardized way and also allows for standardized encapsulation of the packets SLIP is an older protocol which requires manual authentication using a script Route
81. ng program is called a server Cluster Controller A device that can control the input output operations of more than one device connected to it A cluster controller may be controlled by a program stored and executed in the unit or it may be entirely controlled by hardware Committed Burst Size The maximum number of bits that the frame relay network agrees to transfer during any measurement interval Committed Information Rate CIR An agreement a customer makes to use a certain minimum data transmission rate in bps The CIR is part of the frame relay service monthly billing along with actual usage that users pay to their frame relay service provider Compression 1 The process of eliminating gaps empty fields redundancies and unnecessary data to shorten the length of records or blocks 2 In SNA the replacement of a string of up to 64 repeated characters by an encoded control byte to reduce the length of the data stream to the LU LU session partner The encoded control byte is followed by the character that was repeated unless that character is the prime compression character 3 In Data Facility Hierarchical Storage Manager the process of moving data instead of allocated space during migration and recall in order to release unused space 4 Contrast with decompression COMx Port A serial communications port on a PC congestion A network condition where there is too much data traffic The ITU 1 233 standard defines congestion ma
82. ntains options which control the routing of the protocol and auto learn of Ethernet network numbers defines the broadcast name of the RouteFinder and IPX filtering RouteFinder 100 IPX Virtual Port Setup x X Auto Learn Ethernet Network Numbers Router Name MTROUTER Router Internal Network 00234123 Message Printing Control I Printf Alarm If bridging of IPX packets is desired IPX routing must be disabled and frame type support for the frame type must be enabled If there is a server on the local segment then IPX network number auto learn should be enabled If there is no server or if for some reason the router comes up before the server the router will default to some random network numbers after a short period of time MTASR1 100 33 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Spanning Tree Setup When Bridging is enabled the Spanning Tree Setup dialog box controls simple transparent bridging between two remote Ethernet LANs However if your internetwork contains any loops or redundant links then the Spanning Tree Algorithm must also be enabled If you use only the IP and IPX protocols leave bridging disabled to allow the RouteFinder to operate more efficiently RouteFinder 100 Spanning Tree Setup dot or seossseoeeoeoeseseose I Spanning Tree Algorithm Enabled Message Printing Control Print Data List Of Logical WANs State WAN 1 forwarding Gi Cost The RouteFinder default
83. ntains three groups of LEDs that provide the status of the LAN connection WAN Link activity and general status of the RouteFinder The Ethernet LEDs display the activity of the LAN whether the RouteFinder is connected to the LAN transmitting or receiving packets and if a collision is in progress The WAN Link LEDs display the status of the link i e ready to transmit or receive serial data and if an external communications device with a V 35 interface is connected to the RouteFinder The last group of LEDs indicates whether the self test passed or failed and if the power On Off switch on the back of the RouteFinder is turned On Multi 8 Systems Rev XMT COL LNK ETHERNET anar FAIL POWER RCV XMT CTS RTS CD V35 WAN LINK Figure 1 2 Front Panel ETHERNET RCV XMT COL LNK Receive indicator blinks when packets are being received from the local area network Transmit indicator blinks when packets are being transmitted to the local area network Collision indicator lights when a collision is in progress that is when two nodes are transmitting packets at the same time Link indicator lights indicating that the RouteFinder is connected to the local area network WAN Link RCV XMT CTS RTS CD V 35 FAIL Receive indicator blinks when the link is receiving data Transmit indicator blinks when the link is transmitting data Clear To Send indicator lights when the link is ready to transm
84. o a telecommunications facility A modem is a DCE for the telephone network PSTN that is commonly on site at the user s premises Packet Switched Networks have another level of DCE which is most often located at a central office Data Link Connection Identifier DLCI One of the six components of a frame relay frame Its purpose is to distinguish separate virtual circuits across each access connection Data coming into a frame relay node is thus allowed to be sent across the interface to the specified address The DLCI is confirmed and relayed to its destination or if the specification is in error the frame is discarded Dataphone Digital Service DDS A private line digital service that offers 2400 4800 9600 and 56K bps data rates on an MTASR1 100 Glossary inter LATA basis by AT amp T and on an intra LATA basis by the BOCs Data Service Unit DSU A device that provides a digital data service interface directly to the data terminal equipment The DSU provides loop equalization remote and local testing capabilities and a standard ElA CCITT interface Dedicated Line A communication line that is not switched The term leased line is more common Default This is a preset value or option in software packages or in hardware configuration that is used unless you specify otherwise Device driver Software that controls how a computer communicates with a device such as a printer or mouse Digital Cross connect System DCS T
85. o nan ce 20 EtherNet LEDs Gollision GOL oe percepto ou 8 Iro UND 8 He6elVe ACV idisse rte are an 8 o oct nantais 8 EthienNet PORE c oorr RS eege ee egen 11 Emernetll Type Disnei 20 F Frame Relay Setup Management Ty Pe sici n 37 Frame TIPOS EE 20 Ethermetll Type 20 LEG 902 72 nara 20 SNAP ssp cina 20 MTASR1 100 Index l Indicators EtherNet Gollision COD asma 8 pel GY pe E 8 RECEIVE FO V pocos 8 Trans at AMT estas oda 8 WAN Link Carrier Detect CD aec rcr rs 8 Clear To Send CT 8 FALL della 8 POWER Lariana 8 HecelVe FO V asso cem nn 8 Request To Send RTS 8 Transit AMT ia ne net 8 V35 NES ONE A N 8 DAS EU ees T 28 IPX Port Ee EE 32 PSU eT re 32 IPX Virtual Port Setup IPXPornEenable piccanti 32 L Be 56 BR 8 Limited Warranty On line Warranty Registration 50 Link Gables ricino 57 LLG B02 A RSS ds 20 M Management TY Pe vna 37 O On line Warranty Registration 50 ONOFF SWIC een a 9 R Remote Management enel 46 ROUSTINAMES Rameau 20 RS 282 EE canica ae te 10 S Scripting EXample eT 60 Setup Menu A ian 28 79 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide e TE 32 Spanning Tree Setup 34 WAN Pon SEUD EE 35 SNAP asii ias 20 Software Uninstall usan 27 Spanning Tree Bridging Setup Bridging Enable csc iaia 34 Spanning Tree Setup 34 Specifications Command POM ws nie ns aN 11 Electiical Physical tie
86. o provide that control or NetWare s SPX protocol must be used Interoperable Devices from different vendors that can exchange information using a standard s base protocol YO Addresses Locations within the I O address space of your computer used by a device such as an expansion card a serial port or an internal modem The address is used for communication between software and a device IRQ Level Interrupt Request Level The notification a processor receives when another portion of the computer s hardware requires its attention IRQs are numbered so that the device issuing the IRQ can be identified and so IRQs can be prioritized ISA Industry Standards Architecture pronounced ice a The classic 8 or 16 bit architecture introduced with IBM s PC AT computer ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network An International telecommunications standard for transmitting voice video MTASR1 100 71 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide 72 and data over a digital communications line ISDN is a world wide telecommunications service that uses digital transmission and switching technology to support voice and digital data communications Frame relay was partially based on ISDN s data link layer protocol LAPD Frame relay can be used to transmit across ISDN services offering circuit switched connection at 64K bps and higher speeds Contrast Public Switched Telephone Network PSTN ITU TSS formerly CCITT International Telecommuni
87. oading of the software RouteFinder 100 IP Port Setup x X IP Port Enable r Port Address Point to Point Link oint to Poin Lin IP Address 200 2 9 1 IX Unnumbered Link E IP Mask 255 255 255 0 rRemote Address IP Address fo 0 0 0 Support X ICMP Redirect X ICMP Mask Reply x RIP X RIP Poison Reverse X Proxy ARP RIPy2 Send Type RIPv2 x Receive Type RIPv2 a Authentication No Authentication Plain Text C Message Digest MTASR1 100 Chapter 4 RouteFinder Software An IP address is a combination of a network number and a host number or ID IP address masks are used to specify the network or subnet portion of the IP address IP addresses and masks are 32 bit values These are usually provided in what is known as the dotted decimal notation The net mask specifies the network or subnet portion of an IP address The net mask is a 32 bit value presented in a dotted decimal notation From the Ethernet IP Setup tab you can switch to the WAN IP Setup tab or the Advanced IP Setup tab The WAN tab allows you to disable or enable IP routing on the WAN port change the port IP Address mask and remote IP address If the WAN port is configured for frame relay this dialog box allows you to add logical WANS How the logical IP WAN ports are configured is controlled by the WAN Port Setup dialog box RouteFinder 100 IP Port Setup x Port Address IP Address 200
88. oftware documentation for instructions on how to set the IP addresses Once you have completed this step you should be able to use the protocol Ping command for the PC host name You should also test the network interface configuration by Pinging another TCP IP device that is connected to the network Install the RouteFinder software on the local PC and atthe Windows Program Manager screen run the Configuration Port Setup program Windows 3 1x double click on the Configuration Port Setup Icon in the RouteFinder program group Windows 95 NT Click on Start gt gt Programs gt gt RouteFinder gt gt Configuration Port Setup The RouteFinder Port Setup dialog box is displayed RouteFinder RASFinder Port Setup E Communication Type Select Port Router IP Address com Modem Setup Init String ATSO 18E5 SB192008W Init Response OK Dial String 9 ghi Connect Response CONNECT sis Hangup String ee ee ATHO NOTE If there is a Dial String specified in Modem Setup Configuration programs will try to initialize modem and dial this string Verify that the Communication Type field is set to IP In the Router IP Address field enter the IP Address of the remote RouteFinder Click on OK when you are satisfied with your selections The Windows Program Manager menu is displayed Double click on the RouteFinder Configuration icon The Reading Setup dialog box is displayed Rou
89. ollowing three Call Back functions Call Back Security Enabled This parameter is of use in dial in applications where the user is required to be called back at a specific location Enabling this parameter Alt S results in having the administrator assigning the call back parameters Leave this function disabled if the user is to be allowed to choose the call back number and the call back delay Call Back Number The callback number is editable only if callback security is enabled checked This is the number where the user will be called back The user cannot choose the location where he wants to be called back Call Back Delay Call back delay is editable only if callback security is enabled This specifies the duration in seconds after which the user will be called back at the administrator assigned number Protocols This lets you select the protocol s the user is allowed to dial into the RouteFinder Dial In Port WAN Port is available for dialing into the RouteFinder Dial Out Port WAN Porti is available for dialing out from the RouteFinder After each user is defined on the Add Users screen click OK to display the updated Users List dialog box Click Add User to continue adding users to your database When you have added all users to the data base click Download to load the database into the RouteFinder MTASR1 100 Chapter 4 RouteFinder Software Multi Systems RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Introduction
90. on Location x Setup will install RouteFinder RASFinder in the following folder To install to this folder click Next To install to a different folder click Browse and select another folder Hi ais choose not to install RouteFinder RASFinder by clicking Cancel to CARFINDER Destination Folder 6 Press Enter or click Next gt to continue 7 When the Select Program Folder dialog box is displayed double click the word RASFinder and delete it including preceding spaces etc leaving the word RouteFinder in the text box this will become the name of the icon group Press Enter or click Next gt to continue 18 MTASR1 100 Chapter 3 Software Loading and Configuration 8 The Port Setup dialog box selects the COM port of the PC that is connected to the Command Port of the RouteFinder On the Select Port window click the down arrow and choose the COM port of your PC COM1 COMA that is connected to the RouteFinder RouteFinder RASFinder Setup E EE ATSO 1 amp E5 SB 192008W CONNECT wen ge ATHO 9 Click OK to continue The Setup Complete dialog box is displayed Click Finish to continue 10 The Do you want to perform upgrade dialog box is displayed RouteFinder RASFinder Setup Ip Click No to skip the upgrade process 11 The Do you want to download default setup dialog is displayed RouteFinder RASFinder Setup
91. onnector The 10Base T connector is used to connect the RouteFinder to a LAN using unshielded twisted cable This connector is an RJ 45 jack 10Base 2 Connector The 10Base 2 connector is used to connect the RouteFinder to a LAN using thin coax cable Command Port Connector The Command Port connector is used to configure the RouteFinder using a PC with a serial port and running Windows software The Command Port connector is an RJ 45 jack and a short adapter cable is provided to convert to a standard serial port DB25 female connector Power Connector The Power connector is used to connect the external power supply to the RouteFinder The Power connector is a 6 pin circular DIN connector A separate power cord is connected to the power supply and the live AC grounded outlet ON OFF Switch The power switch provides DC power to the RouterFinder when placed in the ON position and removes power when placed in the OFF position MTASR1 100 9 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Shunts A shunt on the WAN port allows the same connector to be configured for an ITU T V 35 electrical interface signaling or ElA 232C D signaling The ITU T V 35 signaling levels are generally more reliable for high speed data and or longer cable distances The ElA 232C D signaling is intended for data rates of 19 2 Kbps or less and cable lengths of 50 feet or less For higher speeds and or longer distances the V 35 is generally preferred The shunt positions ar
92. ons Service WATS A low cost toll service offered by most long distance and local phone companies Incoming 800 call service or IN WATS and outgoing WATS are subscribed to separately but over the same line X X 25 ITU T s definition of a three level packet switching protocol to be used between packet mode DTEs and network DCEs X 25 corresponds with layer 3 of the 7 layer OSI model Y Yellow Alarm An error indication sent by the T1 device when it has not gotten a receive signal or cannot synchronize on the receive signal received Contrast Red Alarm and Blue Alarm Z Zero Byte Time Slot Interchange ZBTSI A method for allowing 64K bps unrestricted user data allowing all Os in the user data An alternative to but not as popular as B8ZS MTASR1 100 Index Symbols 10Base 2 Connector cooccccnccccncccnnnoncnccncnnncnnnonnnnnnanons 9 10Base T Connector 9 A BSGII SUI doo 20 Authentication mesita ice 29 B Bridging TEMAS ina 34 C Cable Connections enhn nnns 9 Cables LAN Cables tee a ee 56 Link Cables alleluia 57 Command Port ettet nione 11 Command Port Connector sissioni 9 Configuration Port Setup tete etes 27 Connectors 10Base 2 Connector cocccccccccnconcncncnnnnnnnnnnnnnancnonanana 9 TO0Base le e EE 9 Command Port Connector 9 D REI E 27 Download Default Setup ii 27 Download Firmware eee 26 E EI Cice te ie i
93. or more discrete segments This connection lasts for the duration of the call after which each segment can be used as part of a different channel Contrast with leased line Switched Network A network in which a temporary connection is established from one point via one or more segments Synchronous Data Link Control SDLC A discipline conforming to subsets of the Advanced Data Communications Control Procedures ADCCP of the American National Standards Institute ANSI and High level Data Link Control HDLC of the International Organization for Standardization for managing synchronous code transparent serial by bit information transfer over a link connection Transmission exchanges may be duplex or half duplex over switched or nonswitched links The configuration of the link connection may be point to point multipoint or loop Synchronous Transmission The transmission of data which involves sending a group of characters in a packet This is a common method of transmission between computers on a network or between modems One or more synchronous characters are transmitted to confirm clocking before each packet of data is transmitted Compare to Asynchronous Transmission Systems Network Architecture SNA The description of the logical structure formats protocols and operational sequences for transmitting information units through and controlling the configuration and operation of networks T Tariff The rate availability schedule
94. ort phone numbers space for recording your product information and an explanation of how to send in your RouteFinder should you require service The next three sections explain how to use our bulletin board service BBS and get support through CompuServe and the Internet The final section explains how to obtain a catalog of available documents and then order technical literature using our 24 hour Fax Back Service Limited Warranty Multi Tech Systems Inc MTS warrants that its products will be free from defects in material or workmanship for a period of two years from the date of purchase or if proof of purchase is not provided two years from date of shipment MTS MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED AND ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FORA PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE HEREBY DISCLAIMED This warranty does not apply to any products which have been damaged by lightning storms water or power surges or which have been neglected altered abused used for a purpose other than the one for which they were manufactured repaired by the customer or any party without MTS s written authorization or used in any manner inconsistent with MTS s instructions MTS s entire obligation under this warranty shall be limited at MTS s option to repair or replacement of any products which prove to be defective within the warranty period or at MTS s option issuance of a refund of the purchase price Defective products must be re
95. ositive 1 Center 2 TD Data Transmit Negative 2 Shield 3 RD Data Receive Positive 6 RD Data Receive Negative d FRAME GROUND 2 TRANSMIT DATA TX To 3 RECEIVE DATA RX DCE Device To 4 REQUEST TO SEND RTS Communication 5 CLEAR TO SEND CTS Device COMMAND PORT i e Modem FA 8 20 D N a N Male Male 56 MTASR1 100 Appendixes WAN Cables 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 COCO OBOPOPOP CD O CD CD OPOP CRC CBCP CS CD OP 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 RS232C V 24 Link Cable CHASSIS GROUND AA TRANSMIT DATA BA Le RECEIVE DATA BB n Montare ink 1 2 or 3 Synchronous REQUEST TO SEND CA RS233C V 35 Modem DSU CLEARTO SEND CE Connector Connector SIGNAL GROUND AB CARRIER DETECT CF TRANSMIT CLOCK DB RECEIVE CLOCK DD DATA TERMINAL READY CD V 35 Adapter Cable Configured on a RS232C V 35 Link Cable V 35 34 PIN CONNECTOR Chassis Ground Signal Ground Request To Send Clear To Send Data Set Ready Data Carrier Detect Data Terminal Ready Send Data A Send Data B Terminal Timing A Timing A Terminal Timing B Receive Timing B Send Timing A Send Timing B V 35 34 PIN 25 PIN CONNECTOR MALE CONNECTOR FEMALE PROTECTIVE GROUND SIGNAL GROUND REQUEST TO SEND CLEAR TO SEND DATA SET READY DATA CARRIER DETECT DATA TERMINAL READY TRANSMIT DATA A RECEIVE DATA A TRANSMIT DATA B RECEIVE DATA B EXTERNAL TX CLOCK A RECEIV
96. ponsible for configuring enabling and disabling the IPv6 protocol modules on both ends of the point to point link IPV6CP uses the same packet exchange mechanism as the Link Control Protocol LCP IPV6CP packets are not exchanged until PPP has reached the Network Layer Protocol phase IPV6CP packets received before this phase is reached are silently discarded See also TCP IP Before you install TCP IP on your network you need to establish your Internet addressing strategy You first choose a domain name for your company A domain name is the unique Internet name usually the name of your business that identifies your company For example Multi Tech s domain name is multitech com where com indicates this is a commercial organization edu denotes educational organizations gov denotes government organizations etc Next you determine how many IP addresses you ll need This depends on how many individual network segments you have and how many systems on each segment need to be connected to the Internet You need an IP address for each network interface on each computer and hardware device IP addresses are 32 bits long and come in two types network and host Network addresses come in five classes A B C D and E Each class of network address is allocated a certain number of host addresses For example a class B network can have a maximum of 65 534 hosts while a class C network can have only 254 The class A and B addresses have been ex
97. r must be the same as at the RouteFinder on the other end of a LAN to LAN link The WAN network numbers have to be assigned by the network administrator and must be unique throughout the entire internetwork Note The WAN port does not have the capability of learning the network number i e the WAN port does not have a file server Click OK when you are satisfied with your selections If you disabled IPX and then clicked OK from the IPX Protocol Default Setup dialog box step 13 the IP Protocol Default Setup dialog box is now displayed RouteFinder 100 IP Protocol Default Setup x Ethernet IP Address 200 2 9 1 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Frame Type TYPE_II y o Remote X Enable Address 200 2 10 1 Subnet 255 255 255 0 Address 200 2 10 2 To change the IP parameters proceed to the next step Otherwise click on the OK button to open the WAN Ports Default Setup dialog box then advance to step 26 The default Ethernet IP Address has to be changed to your unique LAN address Assign an acceptable unique IP Address to the Ethernet port Change the default Subnet Mask and Frame Type to the value assigned to your LAN port The default WAN address has to be changed to your unique WAN address Assign an acceptable unique WAN port address in the Address field Change the default IP Mask and Remote Address for the WAN port address to the value assigned to your WAN Click OK when you are satisfi
98. r software provided with your unit Although establishing access to the RouteFinder varies between applications the configuration functions mirror those of the RouteFinder software For more information on RouteFinder software refer to Chapter 4 RouteFinder Software Telnet 46 Atypical Telnet client application is described in this section The RouteFinder has a built in Telnet Server that enables Telnet client PCs to access the RouteFinder A typical Telnet client is allowed to configure the RouteFinder and WAN device A typical TCP IP program group is shown below with a Tcpman icon and a Telnet icon The TCP IP stack has to be loaded before the Telnet client a Windows application can run Double Click the Telnet icon and a blank Telnet screen is displayed Click the Connect menu if the desired IP Address is listed in the drop down menu select it Otherwise select Remote System and when the Connect dialog box opens enter the desired IP Address in the Host Name field and Click the Connect button Host Name MARFAN z Port telnet TermType va 00 Cancel When you enter a valid Host Name IP Address and click the Connect button you are immediately connected to the target RouteFinder and the Router Management Menu screen is displayed Telnet 192 168 2 10 BBE Connect Edit Terminal Help Copyright C 1995 Multi Tech Systems Inc Multi Tech Systems Inc 2265 Woodale Drive Mounds View Minnesota 5511
99. ression STEP expression DO statement list ENDFOR while statement WHILE expression DO statement list ENDWHILE switch statement SWITCH expression CASE integer const statement list CASE string const statement list DEFAULT statement list ENDSWITCH elementary statement lt identifier gt expression identifier expression expression GOTO identifier identifier expression lt expression gt OPERATOR expression lt expression gt lt expression gt expression l lt identifier gt expression expression OPERATOR lt lt l gt l gt 1 I 188 EHE 1 1 1 10 proc declaration PROC lt identifier gt lt parameter_list gt lt vartype gt FORWARD proc declaration PROC lt identifier gt lt parameter_list gt vartype declarations statement list 5ENDPROC parameter list argument list argument list argument list VAR var type identifier identifier Execution starts at the PROC main PROC main cannot have any arguments All the variables have to be declared before use All procedures must be declared before calling Recursion is allowed in procedures To define mutually recursive procedures use the FORWARD directive to indicate that the procedure body is defined later in the source file Procedures defined with the FORWARD directive
100. ror Threshold N392 3 Monitored Events Count N393 ja Max F Si 1600 ax Frame Size Link Integrity Verification Timer 1391 10 secs Polling Verification Timer T392 15 secs In the Frame Relay Setup dialog box you can change the Management Type by choosing one of the three options and then the detail parameters for that option are displayed to the right of the Management Type For example Annex D See above is the chosen management type with the Full Status Enquiry Interval N391 set to 6 down through Polling Verification Timer T392 set to 15 Occasionally the Management Type parameters can be changed to correct a problem In these cases making the following changes could alleviate the problem 1 Change the Link Integrity Verification Timer This feature sets how often the RouteFinder verifies that the link is good Changing the setting from the default value of 10 seconds to a lower value e g 5 seconds will increase the frequency of those verifications 2 Change the Full Status Enquiry Interval to affect how often DCLI Status is updated This parameter defines how often the RouteFinder will send a request for DLCI status information along with the Link Integrity Verification request The default value includes such a request every sixth time the link integrity is checked A value less than every sixth request will allow faster detection of active inactive DLCls but will also produce a slight increase in m
101. rt setup D Wan Device Configuration Remote User Data Base H Uninstall Chapter 4 RouteFinder Software Download Firmware This utility enables you to download the firmware to the RouteFinder This may be necessary in the case of repair or upgrade To download the firmware choose Download Firmware from the RouteFinder program group and the Open dialog box is displayed if the RouteFinder is running you will be queried to reboot to update firmware click OK to proceed and the Open dialog will be displayed By default the software will display the proper firmware from the RouteFinder tab Double click on this file in the File Name list The Downloading Code dialog box is displayed which includes a horizontal status bar to monitor the download process When the download is complete the RouteFinder will reboot This process will take several minutes After conclusion of the rebooting process you will be returned to Windows Configuration Port Setup The Configuration port setup utility allows you to set up and configure the command port on your RouteFinder This dialog is included in the initial installation process Although parameters can be changed be sure to note the current status of the software before making any alterations When you installed the RouteFinder software you selected the option to configure the port as either an IP or COM Port When COM Port is selected you can assign the proper COM Port and define the
102. s with one logical WAN port mapped to a DLCI In most applications the forwarding state should be enabled When required the RouteFinder will make the transition from blocking to forwarding automatically MTASR1 100 Chapter 4 RouteFinder Software WAN Port Setup The WAN Port Setup dialog box controls how the port is configured e frame relay or point to point If the WAN port is configured for frame relay then the mode of the port is synchronous If the port is configured for point to point then the mode can be either synchronous or asynchronous If the mode is asynchronous then the connection method can be either Answering or Dialing If the connection method is dialing then a number to be dialed has to be entered in the Dial Number field and the Modem Types field Ifthe Frame Relay Device Driver is chosen the RouteFinder encapsulates data on its composite link for transmission over a frame relay network Enabling this device driver requires additional frame relay configuration by choosing the Frame Relay button in the RouteFinder Setup dialog box RouteFinder 100 WAN Port Setup xi External Clock Internal Clock Clock Ge Asynchronous C Synchronous 115200 x 15200 CG EE X Send Idle Flags Script Enable Restart Script On Communication Failure Connection Method IX Direct Connect Leased Line Modem ISDN TA O Answering Modem 7 ISDN Dialing MultiModem ZDX Series E Dial Number rAsy
103. should have all the parameters and return value if any specified the actual definition of the procedure body should not contain the formal parameter list or the return value An example of forward defined procedures is given below proc a integer x y integer forward proc b integer u v integer forward proc a integer t Some more code here t b x y Some more code here return t endproc proc b return a u v endproc Argument to procedures can be passed by value or address To pass an argument by address prefix MTASR1 100 Appendixes the argument name in the formal parameter list by the keyword VAR otherwise the argument is passed by value Only variables can be passed by address Expressions like A B where A and B are integer variables can be passed by value but cannot be passed by address Two basic types of variables are supported INTEGER and STRING In the STRING since the ASCII null character is internally used to indicate the end of the sequence it cannot be part of the string All other characters including extended ASCII characters can be part of the string There are two types of conditional constructs IF and SWITCH The IF statement is a two way branching construct The condition can be an arbitrary expression The condition in the IF statement should evaluate to an integer or real If the expression in the IF statement evaluates to non zero the control enters the THEN statement o
104. ssentially the same mechanism provided by OSPF Currently only a plain text password is defined for authentication For Plain Text RIPv2 authentication the maximum length of the password is 16 characters however Message Digest authentication can have a key id field of up to 50 characters MTASR1 100 29 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide 30 The Advanced tab controls the timers Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP and Domain Name System DNS options the default route filters and Static Routes RouteFinder 100 IP Port Setup x Advanced Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP Client Relay Agent Server Address 0 0 0 0 Domain Name System DNS Resolver Local Server Address 0 0 0 0 Root Server Address 0 0 0 0 Default TTL 255 RIP Response Time ao Reassembly Timeout 20 RIP Route Aging Time teo IP Address Port Noe x Meuc In most cases you should not have to change any of the timers i e default TTL reassembly timeout RIP response time and RIP route aging time The DNS Resolver is supplied for remote Telnet clients when the router is configured for remote access and the terminal server application is enabled The Routing option is normally checked however if you do not wish to have IP packets routed then uncheck this item If IP routing is disabled and bridging is enabled IP packets are bridged i e IP packets are transferred The RIP op
105. t Router Name MTROUTER otherwise you must assign a new Router Name in this field The Router Name can be any printable ASCII string of up to 47 characters The RouteFinder will use this name to advertise its service in the IPX internetwork Ethernet You can enable Auto Learn Ethernet Network Numbers by leaving the default Yes checked or you can manually assign the network numbers after disabling the Auto Learn option by clicking No If no file server is connected to the Ethernet segment then you should select No If you enable Auto Learn the RouteFinder will learn the IPX network numbers from the file server If you disable Auto Learn record in the space below the network numbers assigned by the network file server for each of the four frame types Raw 802 3 LLC 802 2 Ethernetll Type Il and SNAP Also record the Network number for WAN 1 RAW 802 3 Frames Network Number LLC 802 2 Frames Network Number TYPE Il Frames Network Number SNAP Frames Network Number WAN Network Number MTASR1 100 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Chapter 3 Software Loading and Configuration When you manually assign network numbers make sure they match the network numbers assigned to your local file server if any WAN Enter the WAN Network number for the WAN port by clicking the Network Number box and back spacing through the default number entering your new WAN number The WAN network numbe
106. t interconnects two local area networks that use the same logical link protocol but may use different medium access control protocols 2 A functional unit that interconnects multiple LANs locally or remotely that use the same logical link control protocol but that can use different medium access control protocols A bridge forwards a frame to another bridge based on the medium access control MAC address 3 In the connection of local loops channels or rings the equipment and techniques used to match circuits and to facilitate accurate data transmission Buffer A temporary storage register or Random Access Memory RAM used in all aspects of data communications which prevents data from being lost due to differences in transmission speed Keyboards serial ports muxes and printers are a few examples of the devices that contain buffers Bus A common channel between hardware devices either internally between components in a computer or externally between stations in a communications network Byte The unit of information a computer can handle at one time The most common understanding is that a byte consists of 8 binary digits bits because that s what computers can handle A byte holds the equivalent of a single character such as the letter A C Call Setup Time The time to establish a circuit switched call between two points Includes dialing wait time and CO long distance service movement time Carrier Group Alarm CGA A T1 ser
107. teFinder 100 Reading Setup Date Stamp Nov 3 1998 Size bytes 7931 Checksum 0x86DD MTASR1 100 Chapter 5 Remote Configuration and Management 6 The RouteFinder Setup dialog box is then displayed This is the dialog box for the remote RouteFinder You can select any of the available buttons and change the configuration or setup and download the changes to the remote RouteFinder Refer to Chapter 4 for a description of the RouteFinder software For definitions of each dialog box or fields within a dialog box refer to the on line helps provided in the software RouteFinder 100 Router Setup BBE 7 After you have changed the configuration of the remote RouteFinder click on the Download Setup button to update the configuration The remote RouteFinder will be brought down the new configuration written to the unit and the unit will reboot 8 Click on the Exit button when the downloading is complete 9 Click on the Router Configuration icon in the Program Manager screen to verify that the RouteFinder is running MTASR1 100 45 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Remote Management This section describes typical client applications that can be used to configure the RouteFinder remotely It is important to note that although any subsequent changes to configuration can be made using these applications the initial setup and configuration of the RouteFinder must be done on the local PC using the RouteFinde
108. the leading zeros When you click the Add button the new DLCI appears in the Configured DLCI s window When you highlight the new DLCI a default CIR Be and a mode of Adhere to CIR is displayed You can now map the new DLCI to a protocol stack and frame relay parameters i e CIR Be and Mode To map a DLCI to a protocol stack highlight the DLCI number in the Configured DLC window The Protocol Stacks Mapped group becomes active Click on the protocol stack you wish to map the DLCI to and then click the down arrow for that protocol and address network numbers for the protocol are displayed Select the address network number you wish to map to the new DLCI The frame relay parameters in the Settings in Bits second and Mode groups have to coincide with how the frame relay access is provisioned You will probably have to delete the default values and reenter your provisioned values The Mode and CIR Be settings are used to avoid possible loss of data Mode settings determine how the RouteFinder handles congestion The Mode selects whether the RouteFinder should use its own throughput calculations to avoid congestion or simply send data to the network as fast as possible The RouteFinder calculates throughput after every CIR Measurement Interval and can limit throughput to either the CIR Adhere to CIR or the CIR plus the Be Adhere to CIR Be For more information on the Frame Relay DLCI dialog box click the Help button MTASR1 100 Ch
109. therwise control enters the ELSE statement The SWITCH statement is a multi way branching construct The type of conditional expression should be either INTEGER or STRING The value of the conditional expression is matched against the constraints given in the CASE options if the value matches a CASE option value control enters that CASE option If the values do not match any of the CASE options and if a DEFAULT option is provided control continues at the DEFAULT option otherwise control continues at the statement after the ENDSWITCH If control enters one of the CASE or DEFAULT statements all the statements up to the next ENDCASE statement are executed Each CASE or DEFAULT statement should be terminated by a matching ENDCASE keyword The SWITCH statement should be terminated by a ENDSWITCH keywork The DEFAULT statement can be placed anywhere within the scope of the SWITCH statement There can be only one DEFAULT statement There are two types of iterative constructs FOR and WHILE The FOR construct sets the loop control variable to an initial value The control variable is checked for bounds and if within bounds the lt statement_list gt given is executed otherwise the loop execution terminates After each execution of lt statement_list gt the control variable is incremented or decremented by a certain value This is computed as follows if the STEP expression is given it is the value of the expression else it is 1 The control variable
110. tiFrequency A generic push button concept made popular by AT amp T TouchTone E E amp M A telephony trunking system used for either switch to switch or switch to network or computer telephone system to switch connection EIA The Electronics Industries Association is a trade organization in Washington DC that sets standards for use of its member companies See RS 232 RS 422 RS530 Encapsulation A technique used by network layer protocols in which a layer adds header information to the protocol data unit from the preceding layer Also used in enveloping one protocol inside another for transmission For example IP inside IPX Errored Seconds ES Any second of operation that all 1 544M bits are not received exactly as transmitted Contrast Error Free Seconds Error Free Seconds EFS Any second of operation that all 1 544M bits are received exactly as transmitted Contrast Errored Seconds ESF Error Event A T1 error condition that is logged when a CRC 6 error or an out of frame OOF error occurs MTASR1 100 69 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide 70 Ethernet 10 megabit baseband local area network that allows multiple stations to access the transmission medium at will without prior coordination avoids contention by using carrier sense and deference and resolves contention by using collision detection and transmission Ethernet uses carrier sense multiple access with collision detection CSMA CD Exc
111. tion 10 Watts Dimensions 1 625 high x 6 wide x 9 deep 0 63 cm high x 2 34 cm wide x 3 51 cm deep e Weight 2 pounds 92 kg MTASR1 100 11 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide 12 MTASR1 100 Chapter 2 Installation Multi Te Systems RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide Unpacking 14 The shipping box contains the RouteFinder external power supply command port adapter cable short cable with RJ 45 on one end and DB25 on the other your Quick Start Guide and three disks i e the RouteFinder User Guide and the RouteFinder Software Inspect the contents for signs of any shipping damage If damage is observed do not power up the unit contact Multi Tech s Technical Support for advice refer to Chapter 6 If no damage is observed place the RouteFinder in its final location and perform the Cabling Procedure hl Fg O 8 Soa Quick Start Guide Maec Figure 2 1 Unpacking MTASR1 100 Chapter 2 Installation Changing Shunt Position The WAN port shunt must be moved to the V 35 position whenever you want to connect the RouteFinder to an external composite link device with a V 35 interface Do the following 1 Ensure that the external power supply is disconnected from the RouteFinder 2 Turnthe RouteFinder upside down and remove the cabinet mounting screw at the center back of the cabinet Cabinet B Screw Figure 2 2 Cabinet Mounting Screw 3 Turn the RouteFin
112. tion enables RIP based routing RIP Routing Information Protocol is a protocol used among routers to exchange routing table information RIP is the most common protocol used in both IP and IPX networks It is also used internally by client workstations in IPX networks to obtain routes shortest or otherwise to any distant network RIP based routing should normally be enabled It can be disabled however if you are using WAN links in Dial on Demand mode For DOD links disabling RIP will reduce traffic on the link as it will also disable periodic RIP broadcasts RIP routing on a given port will be automatically turned off when Dial on Demand is enabled on the PPP Port Setup tab for the WAN port The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP group enables you to set up the WAN ports as client only Then a PPP client connected to the WAN port will be on the same IP network as the LAN port of the DSU RouteFinder This feature can save some extra IP addresses that otherwise would have been taken up by the WAN port Enabling the Client option allows the DSU RouteFinder to dynamically get an IP address for a PPP client coming up on one of its Client only WAN ports When this option is enabled there must be a DHCP server or a DHCP relay agent on the connected LAN in order for the DSU RouteFinder to acquire an appropriate IP address The IP Advanced tab s dialog box controls the timers DHCP dynamic Host Configuration Protocol and Domain Name System DNS
113. tructuring programs as hierarchically organized classes describing the data and operations of objects that may interact with other objects Office Channel Unit Data Port OCU DP The CO channel bank used as the interface between the customer s DSU and the channel bank Off hook The condition of a device which has accessed a phone line with or without using the line In modem use this is equivalent to a phone handset being picked up Dialing and transmission are allowed but incoming calls are not answered Contrast on hook Off Premise Extension OPX An extension or phone that terminates in a location other than that of the PBX Commonly used to provide a corporate member with an extension of the PBX at home Ones Density the measure of the number of logical 1s on a T1 line compared to a given total number of bits on that line used for timing information in data recovery in AMI and B8ZS On Hook The condition of a device which has not accessed a phone line In modem use this is equivalent to a telephone handset that has not been picked up In other words it can receive an incoming call Contrast off hook Open Shortest Path First OSPF A hierarchical Interior Gateway Protocol IGP routing algorithm for IP that is a proposed standard for the Internet OSPF incorporates least cost routing equal cost routing and load balancing Outage The measure of the time during which a circuit is not available for use due to servic
114. turned by Customer to MTS s factory transportation prepaid MTS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES AND UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES WILL ITS LIABILITY EXCEED THE PURCHASE PRICE FOR DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS On line Warranty Registration If you would like to register your RouteFinder electronically you can do so at the following address http www multitech com support register htm 50 MTASR1 100 Chapter 6 Service Warranty and Tech Support Tech Support Multi Tech Systems has an excellent staff of technical support personnel available to help you get the most out of your Multi Tech product If you have any questions about the operation of this unit call 1 800 972 2439 Please fill out the RouteFinder information below and have it available when you call lf your RouteFinder requires service the tech support specialist will guide you on how to send in your RouteFinder refer to the next section Recording RouteFinder Information Please fill in the following information on your Multi Tech RouteFinder This will help tech support in answering your questions The same information is requested on the Warranty Registration Card Model No Serial No Software Version The model and serial numbers are on the bottom of your RouteFinder Please note the type of external link device that is connected to your RouteFinder before calling tech support Also note the status of your RouteFinder including LED indicators
115. ur network you need to establish your Internet addressing strategy First choose a domain name for your company A domain name is the unique Internet name usually the name of your business that identifies your company For example Multi Tech s domain name is multitech com where com indicates this is a commercial organization edu denotes educational organizations gov denotes government organizations Next determine how many IP addresses you ll need This depends on how many individual network segments you have and how many systems on each segment need to be connected to the Internet You ll need an IP address for each network interface on each computer and hardware device IP addresses are 32 bits long and come in two types network and host Network addresses come in five classes A B C D and E Each class of network address is allocated a certain number of host addresses For example a class B network can have a maximum of 65 534 hosts while a class C network can have only 254 The class A and B addresses have been exhausted and the class D and E addresses are reserved for special use Consequently companies now seeking an Internet connection are limited to class C addresses Early IP implementations ran on hosts commonly interconnected by Ethernet local area networks LAN Every transmission on the LAN contains the local network or medium access control MAC address of the source and destination nodes The MAC address is 48 bits
116. user_name transmit M if waitfor password_prompt timeout then transmit password transmit M if waitfor shell_menu timeout then transmit shell menu response transmit M else transmit Shell Menu Not Received M endif else transmit Password Prompt Not Received M endif else transmit Login Prompt Not Received M endif Endproc 60 MTASR1 100 Appendixes Appendix C Regulatory Information Class A Statement FCC Part 15 This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interference 2 This device must accept any interference that may cause undesired operation Warning Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the
117. vice alarm generated by a channel bank when an OOF condition occurs for a predefined length of time usually 300mS to 2 5 seconds The CGA causes the calls using a trunk to be dropped and for trunk conditioning to be applied Carrier signal An analog signal with known frequency amplitude and phase characteristics used as a transport facility for useful information By knowing the original characteristics a receiver can interpret any changes as modulations and thereby recover the information CCITT Consultative Committee for International Telephone and Telegraph An advisory committee created and controlled by the United Nations and headquartered in Geneva whose purpose is to develop and to publish recommendations for worldwide standardization of telecommunications devices CCITT has developed modem standards that are adapted primarily by PTT post telephone and telegraph organizations that operate phone networks of countries outside of the U S See also ITU Central Office CO The lowest or most basic level of switching in the PSTN public switched telephone network A business PABX or any residential phone connects to the PSTN at a central office Centrex A multi line service offered by operating telcos which provides from the telco CO functions and features comparable to those of a PBX for large business users See also Private Branch Exchange Exchange MTASR1 100 67 RouteFinder MTASR1 100 User Guide 68 Channel data

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