FED 2 Operating Instructions
Contents
1. 1 Limb of exposure counter 2 Shutter winding head 3 Forward window of range finder 1 Indicator of distance and diaphragm scales 5 Distance scale 6 Forward window of view and range finder 7 Self timer release knob 8 Self timer winding lever 9 Synchronizer plug socket 10 Forward lens nut 11 Diaphragm scale ring 12 Depth of field scale 13 Focusing ring 14 Dioptric focusing lever 15 Film rewinding head 16 Shutter speed head 7 Shutter speed indicat 18 Switch hub Sx 19 Release knob 20 Exposure counter indicator 21 Film type reminder 22 View and range finder eyepiece Clamp 24 Back 9 3 1 2 CAMERA DATA SHEET TECHNICAL DATA 1 Negative material 35 mm film 2 Picture dimensions 24 x 36 mm 3 Magazine load L6 m film for 36 pictures 4 Shutter curtain type 5 Exposures B hand operated 1 30 1 60 1 125 1 250 1 500 sec 6 Lens coated anastigmat Industar 26M 7 Focal length F 8 Relative aperture 9 Camera s resolving power a in the central part of the field 30 lines per mm b on the brim of the field 14 lines per mm 10 Weight of camera with case 900 g ISS 11 Camera No 227IISS 12 Lens No 90 306 The camera was checked and found in full conformity with the specifications VY 6L A As 93 I 2 Roll Film Camera PRE2. 13 The synchronizer of the 9 L 2 camera has an in terlock device which disconnects the electric circuit while the shutter is being wound 24 Shooting with flash lamps is pos sible only with shutter speed 1 30 sec for only at such speed the camera frame opens fully Shoot with flash lamps in accordance with the instructions enclosed with them 10 Photography with 3JI 2 Camera While shooting always keep to a definite procedure in or der to avoid errors For shooting with a 99 12 camera the following sequence of operations is recommended 1 Open the case take the cover off the lens Screw in a light filter and put on the lens hood if necessary If you are going to use a flash lamp connect the lamp to the camera check whether the connection of the terminal with the plug socket is tight 2 Observing through the view and range finder eyepiece select the camera view point position in order to obtain the desirable disposition of the image in the Irame By turning the lever of the dioptric focusing obtain the necessary sharp ness of the image in the view finder Focus the lens 3 Set the diaphragm depending on the required depth of field If flash lamps are used diaphragm setting is chosen de pending on the distance to the subject and the film speed according to the instructions enclosed with flash lamps 4 Wind the shutter by turning the winding head 5 Depending on the film speed the nature of the subject and
3. 4 The take up spool 1 pc 5 The protective lens cover 1 pc 6 The case with sling and tripod nut 1 pe 7 Brief Manual Seno pis 8 Data Sheet Trees ah 1 pe
4. its illumination the diaphragm set and the light fil ter estimate the exposure time 6 Set the shutter speed head to the required speed If you are going to use the self timer wind it 7 Aim the camera at the subject check the focusing 26 choose the necessary moment and press the shutter or the self timer release knob smoothly without jerks If you hold the camera vertically see to it that at the mo ment of shooting the case cover should not screen the lens Keep in mind the principles of success ful photography a Absolutely stable position of the ca mera at the moment of release b Correct selection of the diaphragm set and exposure time The best way of exposure time estima tion is the use of photographic exposure meters 11 Unloading the Camera When the camera works the film is pulled out of the maga zine and wound onto the take up spool For overloading the film must be rewound into the maga zine For rewinding the film switch out the shutter mechanism by pressing down the corrugated side of the switch hub 18 with the thumb of your right hand and turn the hub towards the letter II rewinding The switch hub must sink during this During the film rewinding the lens must be covered with its hood Raise the film rewirding head 15 and turn it in the direction of the arrow engraved on its face Fig 14 27 Fig 14 The end of the rewinding will beshown by the effort you will have to make
5. to pull the film out of the take up spool Open the camera as was shown before and take out the magazine Turn the switch hub 18 into the home position to wards the letter C shooting as far as it will go the hub must take up the upper position and wind the shutter After this the camera can be loaded again Unload the magazine in full dark ness or by the light which the colour sensitivity of the film permits IV GENERAL RULES OF HANDLING THE CAMERA For handling the camera correctly keep to the present ins truction and also prevent the camera from dusting staining and mechanical damages during th operation carrying and keeping nu Do not take the camera out of the case without need The case protects the camera agairist mechanical damages shocks pressure on the body and preserves the camera from dust Dust penetrating into the camera causes the appearance of scratches on the film and wearing the camera down before time When taking the camera out of the case do not grasp it and pull by the shield protecting the range finder or by the cont Tol heads Take out the camera by the lower side of the lens mount see Fig 1 Do not make excessive efforts if the tripod bush is not screwed out fully you may deform the camera Avoid touching the lenses of the view and range finder with your fingers Take special care of protecting the lenses of the objective from staining and dusting It is necessary t
6. 51 9 Fig 4 Having put the camera into the case be sure to tighten the tripod bush in order to prevent the camera from falling out of the case Before closing the case set the lens on the symbol oo infinity 2 The Camera Magazine and Loading the Film Into It The magazine of the b3 I 2 camera consists of three parts the holder the sleeve and the spool In order to open and to disassemble the magazine press the protruding button on the sleeve bottom and turn the sleeve 10 Fig 5 in the holder clockwise till the side recesses of the cylinders are brought into alignment In this position the sleeve may be taken out of the holder Fig 5 Holding the spool as shown on Fig 6 insert the film end into the slit in the spool and pull it slightly backwards The film will be safely fastened in the spool Wind the film directing the emulsion layer to the spool axis and turning the spool counter clockwise Do not pack the spires by pulling the film by the loose end as in this case the film spires rub against each other n Fig 6 and make scratches on the emulsion layer A correctly wound film must not jut out over the spool flanges Insert the spool with the film into the sleeve so that the spool head should go out from the opening in the bottom Fig 7 Insert the sleeve with the spool into the holder and close the magazine by turning the sleeve counter clock wise directing the magazine head to the r
7. 8 The camera size in the case 90 x 95 x 175 The camera weight in the case including the film load about 950 g II HANDLING THE CAMERA 1 Opening and Closing the Camera Undo the press button and open the case cover By turn ing the nut on the case bottom loosen the tripod screw hold ing the camera Release the screw and holding the camera as shown on Fig 1 take it out of the case When taking the camera out or putting it in do not touch its optical details Fig 2 fingers always stain optics leaving marks on polished sur faces Having turned over the camera raise the shackles of the locks with a nail and turn them half way up as far as they will go as shown on Fig 2 Pressing with your thumbs shift the back 24 so that its edge should go out of the groove and remove it Fig 3 The opened camera is shown on Fig 4 The magazine a lies in the camera body loosely and it can be easily taken out by pulling its head 8 Fig 3 The take up spool 6 is mounted on a collet and it can be taken out by pulling its head with an appreciable effort The camera is closed in reverse order Put the back as close as possible to the upper panel and pressing it to the body move it along the grooves till it meets the panel Turn the lock shackles and sink them into the sockets While sinking the shackles do not make excessive efforts as a lock shackle may be sunk only when the lock is fully closed 2 B
8. FACE 7 The given instruction contains only a brief description of the P A 2 photographic camera and the basic rules of using it and cannot serve as a manual of photography Study the procedure according to the given description thoroughly before using the camera There may be slight discrepancies between the description and the camera owing to the technical development of the design B 51 I DESCRIPTION OF CAMERA The 91 2 photographic camera is intended for taking various kinds of photographs and it can meet high demands of skilled amateurs press photographers and scientists The high resolving power of the 9JL 2 camera permits to obtain irreproachable Photographs up to 13x18 cm size and more by means of an enlarger The wide speed range of the shutter the fast lens the syn chronizer the self timer the dioptric view finder focusing the small weight and size of the camera make it irreplace able for strolls on holiday in everyday life Easy loading and unloading the presence of the range fin der coupled with the view finder the handiness of the 3J1 2 camera make its use within the reach of an inexperienced amateur The simultaneity of shutter winding and film transport ensures the speedy preparation of the camera for shooting and excludes the possibility of erroneous double exposure The dismountable body facilitates the loading of film into the camera simplifies the control of the interchange
9. able lens adjustment permits to unload the camera easily without exposing the whole of the film The camera works with 35 mm perforated film It is loaded with a magazine holding 1 6 m of film Every such load gives the possibility of taking 36 photographs The 49 12 camera is completed with a magazine which opens automatically when the camera cover is locked The camera permits also the use of other types of magazines The range finder of the camera is coupled mechanically with the lens It ensures exact lens focusing when the images in the range finder are superposed The location ol the rarige finder in the field of image of the view finder quickens and facilitates the process of shooting which is especially im portant in the photography of moving objects It guarantees the exactness of lens focusing and the correct viewing at the moment of shooting The presence of the dioptric focu sing device which permits to regulate the range and view finder according to the photographer s sight within 2 diop ters raises the precision of the range finder conside rably The main lens for the 9J1 2 camera is the one with the focal length 5 cm The camera is completed with an Indus tar 26M lens which is screwed into the lens collar of the 4 camera The threading of the collar ensures the fitting of interchangeable lenses Self timer built into the camera permits the photographer to take part in the photographed scene or to photograph him
10. d range finder fo cus the view finder by turning the dioptric focusing lever 14 according to your sight till the maximum sharpness of the subject is reached If your sight deviates considerably from normal use spec tacles while shooting In the middle of the field observed in the view firider there will be seen a spot which differs in its colour from the gene ral background In this spot the observed subject is seen in 21 Fig 12 double image Fig 12 By turning the lens by the focusing ring 13 superpose the both images of the subject In this case the lens will be focused exactly and it will form a sharp ima ge of the subject on the film Try to focus approximately in the middle third of the light field but not near the right and left sides Besides choose subjects having sharp outlines for focusing The view finder built into the range finder is designed for the main lens with focal length 5 cm 22 When interchangeable lenses are used focusing is ensured by the camera range finder and the frame is chosen by means of interchangeable view finders fastened in the clamp 23 on the camera panel 7 Setting the Shutter Speeds The shutter speed scale is engraved on the shutter speed head The automatical shutter speeds are given in parts of a second 1 30 1 60 1 125 1 250 1 500 The letter B means long manual shutter speed when the release knob is pres sed upon the shutter opens and remains opened
11. era back 18 If you know the distance to the subject focus the lens by turning the focusing ring 13 till the necessary number and the indicating mark are brought into alignment If the distance to the subject is unknown focus the lens by means of the range finder Diaphragm scale serves for changing the relative aper ture of the lens Stop the lens by turning the ring 11 till the number mark and the indicating dot 4 are brought into alignment The depth of field scale 12 is located on both sides from the indicating mark of the distance scale The scale consists of two rows of numbers corresponding to the diaphragm scale of the lens marks without numbers correspond to the diaph ragm aperture 1 4 The distance shown by the indicator on the distance scale corresponds to maximum sharpness The objects which are nearer or farther than the plane of sharpest focus will appear less and less sharply Within some limits however this reduction of sharpness does not affect the qua lity of picture The deptli of field scale serves for find ing these limits The depth of field scale shows on the distance scale the minimum and the maximum distance from the camera with in which the sharpness of image will be satisfactory for each chosen diaphragm setting For instance if the focusing distance is 4 metres see Fig 11 and the diaphragm 16 the near limit of sharpness is 2 m from the camera the far limit is infinity if the diaphra
12. gm set is 5 6 the near limit of sharpness is 3 m the far limit is 19 6 2 m aso If the focusing distance is 7 m and the diaphragm 5 6 the near limit of sharpness is 4 2 m the far limit is 20 m The depth of field scale gives the possibility of choosing the necessary diaphragm setting and the distance to the plane al sharpest focus in order to obtain the required depth of ield For instance if a landscape with a foreground is taken fo cusing may be replaced by setting the lens according to the 20 depth of field scale Bring the depth of field scale mark corresponding to the chosen diaphragm to the symbol co infinity The second mark of the depth of field scale will show you where the near limit of sharpness is All subjects within this limit will be sharp on the photograph On the forward nut of the lens mount 10 there is a connect ing thread for fastening standard light filters with the thread 40 5 x 0 5 While selecting interchangeable lenses a wide angle lens a telephoto lens a o it is necessary to choose lenses with working distances equal to the value of the working distance of the main lens stated in the camera data sheet However it must be taken into account that each change of the main lens is connected with the necessity of subsequent adjustment of the lens to the camera 6 Using the Range Finder Focus the lens for shooting in the following way obser ving through the eyepiece 22 of the view an
13. ight hand till the lock clicks Fig 8 Load the film into the magazine in full darkness or by the light which the colour sensitivity of the film permits 12 While loading the magazine and in general while handling the film avoid touching the emulsion layer and even the blank side with your fingers The film should be taken only by the perforated edges In order to acquire a correct habit of loading the magazine we recommend the owner to train himself preliminarily by the light using an exposed film Fig 8 3 Loading the Camera The camera may be loaded with film by usual but not very bright lighting in the following way 1 Open the camera and take the take up spool out of it 2 Having pulled not more than 10 cm of the loose end of the film out of the magazine fasten it on the take up spool under the spring see Fig 9 so that the first perforated open ing of the film should be a little farther than the lug of the spring and pull the film backwards the lug of the spring will get into the opening and hold the film Set the lower 14 edge of the film at right angle to the spool axis close to the flange 3 Put the magazine into the camera so that the groove of the magazine block should mount onto the pin fixing the magazine in the camera and the magazine recess should be turned towards the camera back Mount the take up spool sim llaneously onto the hub and set the film so that the sprocket teeth sho
14. o keep in mind that each cleaning of optics in domestic conditions is a pos sibility of causing scratches Always keep the lens covered with the hood when it is not in use If you employ the camera lens for projection printing do not leave the lens in the enlarger it will become dusty On finishing the work screw it into the camera immediately When screwing the lens into or out of the camera turn it by the focusing ring 13 It isabsolutely inadmissible to the lens by the diaphragm ring ll When screwing the lens into the camera set its mount by 1 mon the distance scale Such setting makes screwing easier and what is more important preserves the range finder from possible disturbance of adjustment The lens must go into the camera quite loosely Some slight effort should be made only for final tightening of the thread in order to preserve the lens from loosening spontaneously during focusing Do not expose the camera to sharp chan ges of temperature In hard frost keep it under your overcoat and take out only for shooting If the cold camera has been brought into a warm room do not open the case in order to avoid misting Special care should be taken to avoid wiping the optics or heating the camera artificially Leave turn the camera in the closed case and let it warm up to room emperature If you are setting the camera on a tripod put a cardboard Padding on the tripod screw it will preserve the bott
15. om cover from scratches Do not dismantle the camera and the lens Unskilled dis tling without special tools and devices usually spoils camera Correct cleaning of optical details from stains and dust f great importance for their preservation V GUARANTEES he design of the camera and its manufacture ensure a iod of many years of normal operation Faults found by le purchaser during one year are repaired by the manufac er free of charge e sure to enclose the data sheet of the camera and the list observed faults when sending a defective camera to the nanufacturer Reclamations concerning to cameras which have been dis Mantled are not accepted Cameras should be sent to the manufacturer in complete set The complete set is enumerated in the Data Sheet of the ca mera CONTENTS Pay 1 Description of Camera Il Technical Data II Handling the Camera Opening and Closing the Camera 2 The Camera Magazine and ondine the Film Into It 3 Loading the Camera 4 Film Type Reminder 5 Lens E 6 Using the Range Finder 7 Setting the Shutter Sraa 8 B 9 0 Lb Self Timer Shutter Synchronizer Sa Photography with 63 L2 Camera Unloading the Camera IV General Rules of BEES the Camera V Guarantees A s THE 6371 2 CAMERA COMPLETE INCLUDES The camera 22 1 es boca 1 pe 2 The Industar 26M lens 1 pc 3 The twin metal magazine 1 pc
16. self On the camera there is a film type reminder which frees the amateur from the necessity of keeping in mind the type and sensibility of the film loaded into the camera The 9J1 2 camera has a device for connection with multi flashes Reverse taking up mechanism gives the possibility of over loading the camera with another magazine with a new film load by usual but not very bright lighting In the lower cover of the camera there is a tripod bush for setting the camera on a tripod and for fastening it in the carrying case The carrying case design permits the hand ca mera operation without the camera being taken out of the carrying case I TECHNICAL DATA Size of negative 24x36 mm Negative materia 35 mm perforated film Magazine load 1 6 m for 36 shots Lens Industar 26 M anastigmat with non reflection optics relative aperture 1 2 8 focal length F 52 4 mm in rigid mount Limits of focusing Range finder Shutter Self timer Synchronizer from 1 m to co infinity optical with a base of 67 mm coupled with the optical view finder Curtain type with speeds B long manual 1 30 1 60 1 125 1 250 1 500 sec When the shutter is being wound the film is being transported for the next shot and the exposure counter is shifted by one point mechanical non regulated it ensures the contacts closing at the mo ment when the camera frame is fully opened The tripod bush has standard thread 3
17. t will help you to acquire the necessary ha bit in the shortest possible time and it will save you possible errors A If the loading has been unsuccessful and some perforations are torn take the spool and the magazine out of the camera cut off the film end with torn perforations pull a 10 cm long end of film out of the magazine and repeat the procedure of loading in the order shown above 4 Film Type Reminder The film type reminder the memory unit of the camera consists of a fixed GOST speed scale and a rotating disk with conventional signs of the film types 17 h it daylight type colour film Cop tungsten colour film TINS black and white film This device frees the amateur from the necessity of keeping in mind what film has been loaded into the camera and saves him inevitable errors In order to set the reminder bring the film symbol to the speed mark pressing the disk lugs 21 with your fingers and turning it Marks without figures correspond to GOST speeds 32 65 130 units i 5 Lens INDUSTAR 26 M is a fast lens with non reflection optics in a rigid non sliding mount with the following scales on it a distances b diaphragm depth of field Distance scale 5 serves for focusing the lens and for esti mating the limits of sharpness The number which is against the indicating mark 4 shows the distance in metres from the subject to the film plane practically to the cam
18. till the knob is let off For setting the required shutter speed raise the shutter speed head a little turn it till the corresponding scale point meets the indicator 17 and sink it 8 Self Timer When shooting with the self timer set the camera onto a tripod focus the lens wind the shutter and the self timer For winding the self timer turn its lever 8 counter clock wise from the lower position into the upper one Then at the necessary moment press on the self timer release knob 7 and take up the position you have planned for yourself be forehand The shutter will be released in 9 15 sec after switching on the self timer 23 The shutter may be wound both when the self timer is wound and when it is released In order not to spoil the self timer spring do not keep it in wound condition without need 9 Shutter Synchronizer If the lighting conditions are poor there may arise a ne cessity of using powerful sources of light flash lamps The ca mera shutler is provided with a synchronizer which connects the moment of flash with the shutter release The synchroni zer is designed for the use of flash bulbs and multiflashes with inertia time within 0 1 millisecond The flash lamp is connecled with the camera plug socket 9 by means of a special conductor with a terminal Fig 13 The flash ref lector is usually fastened with a special cleat to the tripod bush of the camera or is set into the clamp of the camera Fig
19. uld get into the film perforations see Fig 10 In order to do it turn the head Fig 9 Fig 10 of the take up spool in the direction of the forward take up holding the winding head of the shutter 2 4 Close the camera When the lock in the cover is turned the magazine opens automatically and lets the film pass freely through its recess without scratching the film 5 For transporting unexposed film to the camera frame wind the shutter twice pressing the release knob 19 after each winding The winding head should be turned only in the direction of the arrow engraved on the head surface For 16 winding the shutter turn the head as far as it will go but without making excessive efforts If the camera is loaded correctly the film must be trans ported by the mechanism smoothly and the rewinding head 15 must turn when the shutter is being wound 6 Set the zero on the exposure counter scale limb 1 against the indicating sign 20 on the upper panel of the ca mera The limb is coupled with the winding head by friction For zero setting turn the limb pressing the button with a nail against the direction shown by the arrow on the shutter winding head 7 Bring the symbol meaning the type of film to the film speed number according to the data of the loaded film Do not hurry while loading the camera do not make exces sive efforts and keep strictly to the recommended sequence of operations i
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