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Echo EN55022 User's Manual

1. Accounts Subnet Accounts Database Salesperson Sales Subnet 134 22 80 00 134 22 140 12 1342213980 134 22 10 00 en See AR ORL 255 255 214 0 EEE em 55 255 254 0 T Finance o E1 2Mbps Accounts Hub Server VE GE Esha General Server Branch Office Headquarters Figure 2 Restrictive Firewall Example In addition to the features of the router all the existing functions of the Echo LANlink are still available This means that as well as connecting two remote LANs the Echo LANIink can also carry PABX voice traffic using D amp I option card or ADPCM option card and data traffic between the two sites all simultaneously multiplexed onto one E1 communication link Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 8 of 59 2 USE AND CONFIGURATION This section covers connection and set up of the Echo LANlink Router Option and must be used in conjunction with the Echo LANlink User Manual If you are not familiar with the general configuration procedure for the Echo LANlink please refer to that manual before reading further and attempting to configure the Router Option 2 1 Router Configuration The Router is initially configured using an asynchronous terminal or PC using a suitable terminal emulation package such as Windows Terminal The terminal should be connected via its serial port to the SUPERVISOR port on the rear of the Echo LANIink see Ech
2. Traffic Network Remote Unit Service Filter Analysis Loading Management Configuration Setup Setup Unit Status Events System PPP Events Events This menu option allows the user to display significant event activity for the Router These displays are intended for use as diagnostic tools for engineers or planning aids for the network manager 4 8 1 PPP EVENTS This display shows connection conversations held between the local Router and remote equipment allowing quick and effective fault diagnosis The last 100 events in each of the PPP or system event logs are held in the dynamic memory of the Router 4 8 2 SYSTEM EVENTS This display shows the 100 most recent system events to assist in the diagnosis of connectivity problems The various events recorded are listed below MAIN LINK CARRIER LOSS MAIN LINK CARRIER RESTORED D I CARRIER LOSS D I CARRIER RESTORED REMOTE ALARM REMOTE ALARM CLEARED Nx64 CHANNEL x CONTROL DISAFFIRMED Nx64 CHANNEL x CONTROL AFFIRMED Nx64 CHANNEL x CLOCK FAIL Nx64 CHANNEL x CLOCK RESTORED MAIN LINK HIGH BIT ERROR RATE MAIN LINK HIGH BIT ERROR RATE CLEARED LOCAL REMOTE MAP MISMATCH LOCAL REMOTE MAP MISMATCH CLEARED D I REMOTE ALARM D I REMOTE ALARM CLEARED Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 42 of 59 FLASH ERASE ERROR PARAMETER x FLASH PROGRAM
3. IPX SAP Filter MAG Filter IP Filter Ethernet MAC WAN MAC Ethernet IP WAN MAC Ethernet IPX WAN IPX Filter Filter Filter Filter SAP Filter SAP Filter There are filter tables available for both the Ethernet connection and WAN link Whilst it is preferable to block packets prior to forwarding them to the WAN link it may arise that control of the remote site is not possible and therefore WAN filters must be used to protect from unwanted incoming traffic Filters are referenced for receive traffic only i e all IP packets from the Ethernet will be referenced through the Ethernet IP filter before forwarding to the internal routing tables If the user configures both Ethernet and WAN filters they should be a mirror image of one another except for the swapped IP source destination Address and Port numbers 4 7 1 MAC FILTERS WAN or Ethernet MENU SELECTION DESCRIPTION LIST Displays all addresses from which packets are by the Router ADD MAC addresses can be added to list from which the Router can forward packets Maximum number in list is 200 The addresses must be entered in 2x6 4x3 or 12x1 format DELETE CLEAR SAVE FILTER Filtering tables will run from RAM however the configuration must be saved to operate after a reset When creating a large filter table it is advised that the user save progress regul
4. Ethernet Service WAN Service y PPP Setup PARAMETER DESCRIPTION ETHERNET SERVICE Brief summary of the LAN service available including IP and IPX addresses as appropriate WAN SERVICE Summary of traffic filters in use on WAN link 4 6 1 ETHERNET SERVICE SETUP PARAMETER DESCRIPTION OPTIONS the local Ethernet network IP Address of the Router Ethernet Port IP SUBNET BITS The number of subnet bits and subnet masks corresponding to this IP Address RECEIVE IP RIP Defines the type of RIP NONE Packets received on the RIP 1 ONLY Ethernet Interface RIP 2 ONLY BOTH TRANSMIT IP RIP Defines the type of RIP NONE Packets used to RIP 1 ONLY transmit Routing RIP 1 COMP information RIP 2 ONLY BOTH Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 32 of 59 PARAMETER DESCRIPTION IP BROADCAST DESCRIPTION izy Broadcast M ae IP FILTER Enable or disable the IP MAC FILTER Filter Table defined for IPX NETWORK the Ethernet port N B IPX FRAME If the IP filter table has RECEIVE IPX RIP M no entries then all IP packets are ignored if enabled Enables MAC fist The Network number of the attached IPX network IPX Packet type This enables or disables the reception of IPX RIP Packets over the Ethernet This enables or disables the transmission of IPX Routing information over the Ethernet This enables or disables
5. LAN Fe E SC Esha E Oo E1 2Mbps gh General Servers 0 Branch Office Headquarters Figure 1 Linking two LANs together Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 6 of 59 The Router Option card is easily configured using the management terminal connected to the Echo LANlink from either end of the link or through Telnet at a relevant workstation either LAN 1 1 Functional Overview The Router Option card supports both transceiver connection AUI port and hub 10BASE T port connection to a 10MHz Ethernet LAN Ethernet frames are transported to from the remote LAN using some or all of the main communications link bandwidth The bandwidth is allocated in 64Kbps timeslots amongst the various functions of the multiplexer as required by the user Up to 1984Kbps free bandwidth is available on an E1 link 64Kbps is permanently assigned for E1 frame synchronisation and signalling The router supports both the popular Internet Protocol IP and Internetwork Packet Exchange IPX protocols Many other protocols may be used encapsulated by these as required e g TCP UDP and NetWare The router maintains dynamic routing tables so that Ethernet frames are routed to their correct destination This capability is performed automatically by the router as it learns routes and addresses available in the network The router will also broadcast its own routing information to ot
6. 14 A EE 14 MAIN LINK CARRIER LOSS cccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseteeeeeees 15 D FCARRIER LOSS AER EE er 15 REMOTE ALARM ee leere 15 Nx64 CHANNEL x CONTROL DISAFFIRMED 15 Nx64 CHANNEL x CLOCK FAIL zei 15 MAIN LINK HIGH BIT ERROR RATE 15 LOCAL REMOTE MAP MIGSMATCH 4222 nnnnnnnnennnnnnnn 15 DA REMOTE ALARM unies 15 ROUTER WAN LINK GTATUS 16 INSTALLATION see 17 Opening the Multiplexer ss 17 intemal bmk EKIS E 18 Installing the Router Option ea 18 FESUN EE 19 ere HE 19 Front Pane HE RE 19 Quick Configuration aussah 20 Multiplexer Configuration 20 Router Configuration een 20 ROUTER MENU OPTIONS A 23 UNIT SAT Sachets ARR me idee 23 TRAFEICANALYSISE a0 24 FEROUTINGTABLE EH 24 PARP Eege 25 IPX RIP TABLE Museen 26 Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 3 of 59 4 2 4 IPX SAP TABLE A anal 27 4 2 5 SHOW TRAFFIC DETAILS aaa aaa 28 4 3 NETWORK LOADING seen 28 4 4 REMOTE MANAGEMENT ernennen 29 4 4 1 RE e E WEEN 29 4 4 2 NAME SERVER CONFIGURATION 29 4 4 3 SECURIF ee aa anal 30 4 4 4 El EE 31 4 5 UNIT CONFIGURATION Aa a a Aa 31 40 SERVIGE SE PUP Se nennen nee 32 4 6 1 ETHERNET SERVICE SETUP ne ann nine 32 4 6 2 WAN SERVICE SETUP See a um coute 34 4 7 SEVER SE eegene Een ene 36 4 7 1 MAC FILTERS WAN or Ethernet 36 4 7 2 IP FILTER WAN or Ethernet a te 37 4 7 3 IPX SAP F
7. E1 Multiplexer Router Option Manual EchoLaniink Router Option User Manual CE WARNING BEFORE INSTALLATION PLEASE REFER TO SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS IN APPENDIX A AND EMC INSTRUCTIONS IN APPENDIX C Certified Compliant in the EC when fitted in accordance with the installation instructions against the following directives standards Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC and amendment 93 68 EEC EN60950 1992 Safety Electromagnetic Compatibility directive 89 336 EEC and subsequent amendments to date EN55022 1994 Emissions EN50082 1 1992 Immunity Telecommunications Terminal Equipment directive 91 263 EEC and amendment 93 68 EEC where indicated in approvals requirements section Eloquence Part Number EA88001A Echo LANlink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 2 of 59 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 2 ne 6 Functional Overview ee aaa 7 Typical ele leen EE 7 USE AND CONFIGURATION ssseeseesseeseseeeeeeeeeees 9 Router Gonliguralionn astra 9 Supervisor Terminal Requirements ssseeseesennnnrreeseeerrrrnnnnreeeerrnne 9 Router Terminal Displays al ad ett sae tees eons east 9 Router ManAdeMen tere een ua 11 General Keyboard Conventions 11 Parameter Sele tion ee Min a es es ss nn 11 Multiplexer Management sieste hrs nine 13 Allocating bandwidth to the Router nenn 13 Returning to the Main Menu Screen 14 Clearing the Configuration back to Factory Default
8. WARNING Refer to Appendix A for Safety Instructions WARNING The multiplexer must be disconnected from the power supply and all peripheral connections before opening 3 1 Opening the Multiplexer With the power cord and all peripherals DISCONNECTED the screws on the left right and top of the multiplexer are removed using a Pozidrive screwdriver to gain access to the interior of the multiplexer This allows installation of the option cards Composite Link External X 21 V 11 Alarm Supervisor Fee Power Inlet amp Clock Data Port Port Socket Drop Insert Option Channels Connectors ea N xX it for Fit for UK d SWITCHED MODE PSU J15 Fiqure 9 Echo LANlink Baseboard Echo LANlink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 17 of 59 3 2 Internal Link LK13 Locate the internal connector LK13 on the motherboard refer to Figure 9 This will be fitted with shorting links if the Echo LANIink was supplied without the Router Option Remove the shorting links before fitting the Router Option The links may be repositioned on one pin for storage 3 3 Installing the Router Option Remove the option blanking plate above the CH 1 and CH2 connectors on the rear panel of the multiplexer The blanking plate may be discarded if not required The Router Option card should be carefully fitted in the position shown in Figure 10 connecting to J10 and J15 on
9. Warnung Warnung Dieses Ger t Mu an einem Anschlu mit Schutzleiter betrieben werden Zum sicheren Betrieb ist der Anschlu des Ger tes an Spannungsversorgungen mit Schutzleiter notwendig Nur so kann ein optimaler Schutz f r Bedienpersonal und bertragungseinrichtungen gew hrleistet werden Unter keinen Umst nden darf dieses Ger t ohne Schutzleiter betrieben werden da ansonsten die Zulassung f r den Anschlu an Netzen erlischt Installation des Ger tes Die Installation des Ger tes darf nur von entsprechend ausgebildeten und autorisiertem Personal durchgef hrt werden Anschlu von anderen Ger ten Angeschlossen werden d rfen nur Systeme mit entsprechenden zugelassenen und geeigneten Schnittstellen siehe auch nachfolgende Tabelle SELV Ports i Supervisor port ii MAIN port iii D amp l port iv CH1 and CH2 Channel ports v EXT CLOCK vi ALARM port vii AUI port viii 10BASE T port Die oben aufgef hrten Ports sind klassifiziert als SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage in Ubereinstimmung mit Absatz 2 3 der Verordnung EN60950 BS7002 IEC950 soweit anwendbar und d rfen nur zusammen mit Ger ten verwendet werden die dieser Bestimmung entsprechen Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 45 of 59 Mise en garde Cet quipement doit tre reli a la terre Cet quipement doit poss der une prise de terre de mani re ce que le r seau t l com et ses utilis
10. the reception of IPX SAP Packets over the Ethernet This enables or disables the transmission of IPX SAP Packets over the Ethernet Enables or disable the SAP Filter Table defined for the Ethernet Port N B If the SAP filter table has no entries then all SAP packets are ignored if enabled disables TRANSMIT IPX RIP RECEIVE IPX SAP TRANSMIT IPX SAP IPX SAP FILTER Echo LANlink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 OPTIONS ONES ns User a Set server on to Ger sense Framing ETHERNET 802 3 ETHERNET 802 2 ON OFF S 5 Si FF FF OFF 04 December 1997 Page 33 of 59 4 6 2 WAN SERVICE SETUP PARAMETER DESCRIPTION OPTIONS SERVICE NAME User defined facility DISABLED compatibility option menu MAC FILTER MAX filter capacity ENABLE DISABLED E a IP packets BLOCK IP RIP UPDATES Controls transmission of YES IP Routing Information NO on the WAN Link BOOTP PROCESSING Controls transmission of YES BOOTP packets over NO the WAN IP HOPS Number of hops added User defined to a route to access this Router IP FILTER IP filter table name for User defined es IP packets NONE IPX MODE ee IPX routing of ROUTE packets received from BLOCK WAN IPX RIP UPDATES Controls transmission of NO IPX routing information YES over the WAN IPX SAP UPDATES Controls transmission of NONE IPX SAP packets over CHANGES the WAN NETBIOS propagation NO IPX HOPS Number of hops added Us
11. Automatic Branch Exchange Password Authentication Protocol Personal Computer Pulse Code Modulation Point to Point Protocol Routing Information Protocol Server Advertising Protocol Safety Extra Low Voltage Socket Simple Network Management Protocol Transmission Control Protocol Time Division Multiplexer Trivial File Transfer Protocol User Datagram Protocol Wide Area Network Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 5 of 59 Echo LANlink Router Option User Manual 1 INTRODUCTION This user manual describes installation configuration and operation of the Echo LANlink Multiplexer Router option and must be referred to in conjunction with the Echo LANIink Multiplexer User Manual The Echo LANlink is an E1 time division multiplexer TDM operating at 2Mbps compliant with both EUROPEAN and UK G 703 communications standards The Router Option card adds the capability of connecting two Local Area Networks LANs via the E1 communication link using some or all of the link bandwidth A Router Option card needs to be installed inside the Echo LANlink at both ends of the communications link Each Router examines addressing information on each LAN and on recognition of an address on the distant LAN forwards the frame via the communication link thereby linking the two LANs together see Figure 1
12. LANlink User Manual for general EMC requirements Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 48 of 59 APPENDIX D REAR PANEL LAYOUT The layout of all ports on the rear panel of the Echo LANIink with Router Option fitted is shown in the diagram below IEC Power Ethernet Ethernet Option Connector Bridge Router Bridge Router Drop amp Insert AUI Port RJ45 Port eae Link EUR D amp I TX lt UK gt RX RENE De M WE lt gt gt x O O Moo SUPERVISOR ALARM EXT CLOCK EUR MAIN TX lt UK gt RX Cooling Supervisor Alarm X 21 V 11 External Trunk Fan Port Port Channels Clock em Link Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 49 of 59 APPENDIX E AUI PORT 15 WAY D TYPE PINOUT The AUI port connector is a 15 pin D type socket Pin No Signal Type Description SHELL SCREEN Chassis Earth GND OV 2 ACX Input Collision Detect Input positive 3 ATX Output Transmit Data positive 4 GND OV 5 ARX Input Receive Data positive 6 GND Power supply OV 7 Not connected 8 GND OV 9 ACX Input Collision Detect Input negative 10 ATX Output Transmit Data negative 11 GND OV 12 ARX Input Receive Data negative 13 12V Output 12V power supply 0 5A max 14 GND OV 15 Not connected Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04
13. attached Network this will be left blank 04 December 1997 Page 25 of 59 4 2 3 IPX RIP TABLE This table displays the current IPX routes in the IPX RIP table Information in this table comes from four sources 1 The IPX network number determines which network is physically attached to the Ethernet port 2 IPX SAP Packets received from the Ethernet Port 3 IPX SAP Packets received from the WAN port 4 Static permanent entries entered by the user The user can define up to 16 static routes in this table The simplest means to allow the router to learn available services is to use IPX RIP Receive For configuration see the Ethernet Service Setup section The user can then highlight all routes to be made static using the cursor and press lt return gt The user will be prompted to either delete the entry or make it part of the IPX RIP table Turning off IPX RIP Receive as before will cause other learned services to age out after about four minutes PARAMETER DESCRIPTION IPX NETWORK The IPX Network number to which this entry relates SERVICE The service that must be used to reach a specified Network NODE This is the Ethernet address of the next node on the route to the Network the preferred route to the Network TICKS This gives the delay in ticks 18 ticks second to be expected when communicating with the Network TIMER This will display the time in seconds since the routing entry was last updated For the att
14. comparison to the first 8 bits of the incoming address If a Class B address of 130 140 has a subnet with 8 bits to provide the network subnet of 130 140 5 then to filter any packet from this subnet you would enter SRC ADDR SRC MASK 130 140 5 0 FFFFFFOO If you wanted to filter a specific address on the Class B network subnet with an address of 130 140 5 10 then you would enter SRC ADDR SRC MASK 130 140 5 10 FFFFFFFF For the equipment at address 130 140 5 10 to talk to any address on the network subnet of 130 140 6 0 then you would enter SRC ADDR SRC MASK DEST ADDR DEST MASK 130 140 5 10 FFFFFFFF 130 140 6 0 FFFFFFOO For the equipment at address 130 140 5 10 to talk to any network you would enter SRC ADDR SRC MASK DEST ADDR DEST MASK 130 140 5 10 FFFFFFFF ALL G 2 PROTOCOL SELECTION Protocols can be defined as TCP UDP ICMP or ALL G 2 1 Examples To stop all UDP traffic you would enter SRC ADDR SRC MASK DEST ADDR DEST MASK PROT S PRT D PRT RSL ALL ALL UDP ALL ALL FAIL In this case you would need a second line to pass other traffic SRC ADDR SRC MASK DEST ADDR DEST MASK PROT S PRT D PRT RSL ALL ALL UDP ALL ALL PAS G 3 Source and Destination Ports Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 53 of 59 Ports can be given a specific value or the user can use wildcards to pass all values Various services use a specific port number e g Telnet uses Port 23 FTP uses port 21 RFC 1700 give
15. it part of the Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 24 of 59 routing table Turning off IP RIP Receive as before will cause other learned routes to age out after about four minutes PARAMETER DESCRIPTION NETWORK The IP Network number to which this RIP entry relates SUBNET BITS MASK GATEWAY SERVICE TIMER METRIC 4 2 2 IP ARP TABLE This shows the subnet mask detected by the Router The IP Address of the next gateway used in this route to send a packet to the specified network The required service that must be used to reach a specified network This will display the time interval in seconds since this routing entry was last updated For the attached Network this will be left blank For static IP Routes this will be STATIC This will indicate the number of nodes passed in the route to the Network RIP packets pass on a value that is incremented at each node The metric is used for selecting the best route if a multiple route network exists This table gives the current ARP table for the router PARAMETER DESCRIPTION IP ADDRESS The IP Network number to which this entry relates MAC ADDRESS TIMER Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 The MAC Address Ethernet Address associated with an IP If no MAC address is address available NONE will be displayed Displays the time interval in seconds since a routing entry was last updated For the
16. of what services the network can offer The IPX SAP filter only operates when the IPX mode is set to route The Router maintains an internal table of known services It receives SAP updates on either port and broadcasts the information to the other port The filter allows selected information to be ignored on receipt and hence not stored in the SAP filter table If a SAP update is not in the table it will be dropped and propagated to the other port A filter table is available for each port Each table has 16 entries and is searched sequentially until a match is found Each line can be set to pass or fail A SAP entry contains six elements but the filter can only act on the following three Service TYPE Socket Address FROM SKT TO SKT and SERVER NAME The following fields are ignored Network Address 32 bits Echo LANlink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 38 of 59 This is the source IPX network number of the service Services will not be entered into the internal SAP table if the RIP table has no entry for the route to this address Node Address 48 bits This is the Ethernet or Token Ring MAC address from where the SAP originated Hops 16 bits This is the number of Routers that must be traversed to reach this service Every time this SAP passes another Router this count is incremented to a maximum of 16 ofthe Table or after an entry EDIT To edit an entry selecting the per lon line number enter
17. problem 2 6 4 Nx64 CHANNEL x CONTROL DISAFFIRMED One of the channel ports which is in use is not providing the multiplexer with a true CONTROL signal This may mean that the signals have not been connected at all Note that unconnected CONTROL inputs will produce a random ON or OFF indication Control inputs from ports that are not allocated in the timeslot map are ignored 2 6 5 Nx64 CHANNEL x CLOCK FAIL One of the data channels cannot synchronise its clock to the global network clock This may occur if a channel is set to external clock and either no clock at all is connected or the clock that is connected is the wrong rate 2 6 6 MAIN LINK HIGH BIT ERROR RATE Shows FAULT if the Bit Error Rate exceeds the threshold set With an error free link this fault will eventually clear when the BER becomes less than the threshold set 2 6 7 LOCAL REMOTE MAP MISMATCH The configuration in the local unit does not match that in the remote unit This would almost certainly lead to data errors on some channels 2 6 8 D I REMOTE ALARM The unit attached to the D amp l port is generating an alarm in the framing information that is it is reporting that it has a problem Echo LANlink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 15 of 59 2 6 9 ROUTER WAN LINK STATUS The status of the link between the two routers is displayed Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 16 of 59 3 INSTALLATION
18. 04 December 1997 Page 40 of 59 MENU SELECTION DESCRIPTION NETWORK Source or destination IPX number eight digit hexadecimal MAC NODE ADR Ethernet MAC address of the network adapter card twelve digit hexadecimal File servers are usually designated 000000000001 SOCKET Designates a conversation between two addresses An 8 bit field that specifies the upper layer protocol to receive the packet s information e g NCP or SPX RSLT The action to be taken as a result of IPX packets meeting filter conditions e g FAIL drop or PASS route 4 7 5 NOVELL KEEP ALIVES Novell File Servers poll all workstations that are attached to the server if they have not seen any traffic from that station for a certain period This is to detect situations where the workstation has been turned off without being logged out Ifthese Poll Inactive Station packets or the reply are filtered out then any workstation that is unused for approximately 15 minutes will lose the network connection The request from the server is from source socket 4001 to destination socket 4004 with a Packet Type of zero The reply from the workstation is from source socket 4004 to destination socket 4001 If you do not make provision for these packets in the IPX header filter table then any workstations unused for approximately 15 minutes will lose their network connection 4 8 EVENTS Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 41 of 59
19. 3 PAS 130 140 5 10 FFFFFFFF 130 140 6 32 FFFFFFFF TCP 23 ALL PAS Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 54 of 59 APPENDIX H IP SUBNETS An Internet Protocol IP address is 32 bits long and is split into two parts The first part is the network number and the second part is the unit number Combined they make a unique address An address with a different network number can only be reached via a Router The way the IP address is split into these two parts varies on the upper bits of the network number This fixed split is defined as three classes Class A Address Network 8 bits Class B Address Network 16 bits Class C Address Network 24 bits Any equipment can establish the network element of an address based on the upper bits of its IP address This information is then used to work out the network mask When a target IP address is entered this network mask is used to see if the target is on the same network number If they do not match then the packet must be sent via a Router to reach the target Subnets allow the boundary to be moved to the right by a given number of bits So if we take a Class A address and add an eight bit subnet we make the network element 16 bits and the unit element 16 bits Class A Address 8 bits of Subnet Network 8 8bits 16 bits The problem is that every machine on this new 16 bit network must know of the new network unit split as they can no longer automat
20. CK BRIDGE routing status BLOCK BRIDGE Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 23 of 59 PARAMETER DESCRIPTION OPTIONS protocol routing status BRIDGE Rx PACKET COUNT Number of packets seen on the segment connected to the port displayed received with CRC or Frame errors Tx PACKET COUNT Number of packets transmitted by Router Tx PACKET Number of packets OVERFLOW discarded by Router owing to queue time exceeding the permitted maximum delay LINE SPEED Indicates the amount of bandwidth in bps allocated to the router by the multiplexer 4 2 TRAFFIC ANALYSIS Menu options available from the Traffic Analysis selection are detailed below 4 2 1 IP ROUTING TABLE This table displays the current IP routes in the routing table Information in this table comes from four sources 1 The IP address of the router determines which network is physically connected to the Ethernet Port 2 RIP Packets received from the Ethernet Port 3 RIP Packets received from the WAN port 4 Static permanent entries entered by the user The user can define up to 16 static routes in this table The simplest means to allow the router to learn network routes is to use IP RIP Receive For configuration see the Ethernet Service Setup section The user can then highlight all routes to be made static using the cursor and press lt return gt The user will be prompted to either delete the entry or make
21. December 1997 Page 50 of 59 APPENDIX F 10BASE T RJ45 PORT PINOUT The twisted pair Ethernet port connector is a 8 pin RJ45 socket conforming to the 10BASE T standard and suitable for connection to an Ethernet hub Pin No Signal Type Description SHELL Chassis Earth 1 TPTX Output Twisted Pair Transmit Data positive 2 TPTX Output Twisted Pair Transmit Data negative 3 TPRX Input Twisted Pair Receive Data positive 4 Not connected 5 Not connected 6 TPRX Input Twisted Pair Receive Data negative 7 Not connected 8 Not connected Echo LANlink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 51 of 59 APPENDIX G IP FILTER EXAMPLES If IP filtering is active then all packets received are checked against the filter table before processing by the Router Packets are also compared to the IP Filter Table when the IP Filter is set to Bridge The IP Filter can have 32 lines or entries An entry does not initially become active until the user exits the menu Future amendments are acted upon immediately after entry It should be noted that the filter table is sequentially searched for any IP packet received until a match is found A filter table with many entries can impose significant processor loading and a leads to increased latency The filter table is made up of three elements 1 Source and destination IP address 2 Protocol selection 3 Po
22. ILTER MENU WAN or Eibermeit 38 4 7 4 IPX HEADER FILTERS ann annaba 40 4 7 5 NOVELE KEEP ALIVE ege EELER 41 4 8 RE 41 4 8 1 PPP CR EE 42 4 8 2 Ch GR RE EE 42 Appendix A WARNINGS uuuuusuunsnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 44 Appendix B APPROVAL REQUIREMENTS 0000 47 Appendix C EMC REQUIREMENTS uuuuuuunnnR Rn 48 Appendix D REAR PANEL LAYOUT uuuunR Run 49 Appendix E AUI PORT 15 WAY D TYPE PINOUT 50 Appendix F 10BASE T RJ45 PORT PINOUT 51 Appendix G IP FILTER EXAMPLES uuuuuuunn nun 52 Appendix H IP SUBNETS uu44444444RRRRRnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 55 Appendix ROUTER MAINTENANCE MENU 56 Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 4 of 59 Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual GLOSSARY Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation Address Resolution Protocol Advanced Research Projects Agency American Standard Code for Information Interchange Bit Error Rate Bootstrap Protocol bits per second Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol Cyclic Redundancy Check Drop and Insert Domain Name Server Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory Frame Alignment Synchronisation Ground Internet Control Message Protocol Internet Protocol Internetwork Packet Exchange Local Area Network Light Emitting Diode Media Access Control NetWare Core Protocol Private
23. IP Address of the Router and is used as the gateway address for routing between the local Ethernet network and the WAN link 3 7 2 3 IP Subnet Bits The Subnet Bits should be set if subnetting is to be used on the local network otherwise the default 0 should be used Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 20 of 59 3 7 2 4 Receive IP RIP To enable routes to destinations within the local network to be added to the routing table this field should be set to the appropriate protocol NONE RIP1 RIP2 or both RIP1 and RIP2 If the RIP version is unknown then set BOTH 3 7 2 5 Transmit IP RIP To allow the Router to propagate routes learnt from the WAN to the local network this field must be set to the correct value for the RIP protocol being used or to NONE to disable RIP transmission Available options include NONE RIP1 RIP1 compatible or RIP2 3 7 2 6 IP Broadcast This field enables the IP broadcast bits to be set to either all ones or all zeroes depending on the requirements of the local Ethernet equipment Normally this would be set to All Ones 3 7 2 7 IP Filter The IP Filter is used to prevent specific IP packets being transmitted over the WAN link The Filter Table is defined in the Static Routes and Filter Setup Menu For initial configuration this field should be left set to NO until the Filter Table entries are defined Set to YES the default action of an empty Filter Table is to block al
24. MING TIMEOUT FLASH VERIFY ERROR COMPRESSION ERROR HISTORY x STATUS y COMPRESSION TIMEOUT HISTORY x STATUS y DECOMPRESSION ERROR HISTORY x STATUS y DECOMPRESSION TIMEOUT HISTORY x STATUS y Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 43 of 59 WARNING WARNING WARNING APPENDIX A WARNINGS THIS EQUIPMENT MUST BE EARTHED GROUNDED This equipment relies on the EARTH GROUND connection to ensure safe operation such that the user and TELECOM Network are adequately protected It must not under any circumstances be operated without an earth connection which could nullify its approval for connection to a network INSTALLATION OF EQUIPMENT Installation of this equipment must only be performed by suitably trained service personnel CONNECTION OF OTHER EQUIPMENT This equipment allows connection only of suitably approved equipment to its ports the safety status of which are defined below SELV Ports i Supervisor port ii MAIN port iii D amp I port iv CH1 and CH2 Channel ports v EXT CLOCK vi ALARM port vii AUI port viii 10BASE T port The above named ports are classified as SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage in accordance with in Clause 2 3 of EN60950 BS7002 IEC950 as applicable and must only be connected to equipment which similarly complies with the SELV safety classification Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 44 of 59 Warnung
25. New Firmware using TCP loader This option is for factory use only L3 Download New Firmware using TFTP Selecting this option will allow the Manager to TFTP software upgrades to the Router The Router will act as a server enabling the files to be downloaded from the PC in Binary or Octet formats not ASCII LA Restore Configuration using TFTP The configuration for Router is stored in the EEPROM This configuration may also be saved to a PC This must be carried out while the Router is operational see the Security Section for set up details Restoration must be carried out in the Maintenance mode Selecting this option will allow the Manager to TFTP to the Router a stored configuration The Router will act as a server enabling the files to be downloaded from the PC in a Binary or Octet formats not ASCII Echo LANlink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 57 of 59 1 5 Set New IP Address Selecting this option will allow the Manager to set a new IP address for the Router if required to facilitate the file transfer Note the burnt in MAC address will be used in the Maintenance mode 1 6 Set Default Gateway Selecting this option will allow the Manager to set a default gateway should RIP not be transmitted for the Router if required to facilitate the file transfer 1 7 Run Flash Program This will reboot the Router L Reset Password In order to give the network manager the ability to reset the Password on
26. ached Network this will be left blank Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 26 of 59 4 2 4 IPX SAP TABLE This table displays the IPX services in the IPX SAP table Information in this table comes from three sources 1 IPX SAP Packets received from the Ethernet Port 2 IPX SAP Packets received from the WAN port 3 Static entries entered by the user The user can define up to 16 static routes in this table The simplest means to allow the router to learn available services is to use IPX SAP Receive For configuration see the Ethernet Service Setup section The user can then highlight all services to be made static using the cursor and press lt return gt The user will be prompted to either delete the entry or make it part of the IPX SAP table Turning off IPX SAP Receive as before will cause other learned services to age out after about four minutes PARAMETER DESCRIPTION TYPE Server identification number defined De by IPX e g file server 4 print server 47 reach a specified Network SOCKET Node address socket number used to access the server to this server TIMER Time interval in seconds since this routing entry was last updated For the attached Network this will be left blank NAME This will display the time in seconds since the routing entry was last updated For the attached Network this will be left blank Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 Decemb
27. arly Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 36 of 59 4 7 2 IP FILTER WAN or Ethernet Both the Ethernet and WAN ports on the router can have an individual IP filter table If IP filtering is active then any packets received are checked against the filter table before processing by the Router Each port IP filter table can have 64 entries When the first entries are made they will not become active until the table screen is exited Any future input will become active immediately The filter table is sequentially searched for each IP packet received until a match is found A filter table with multiple entries will impose significant processor loading and a corresponding drop in throughput The filter table is split into three parts The first part is source and destination IP address The second part is protocol selection and the third port or socket selection for TCP and UDP packets Each section supports the use wild card entries to allow any value to be matched e g to pass only TCP packets the user wild cards the both source and destination IP address and the port numbers Each line in the filter table can be configured as a pass or fail The normal operation would be to put a number of entries in the filter table that would pass if a match occurs By default the last entry in the filter table must be a failure however it is possible to use the filter table in a reverse fashion and define ea
28. ateurs soient quitablement prot g s Tout manquement a cette obligation entra nerait l annulation de l autorisation de connexion a un r seau Mise en garde Installation de l quipment L installation doit tre assur e uniquement par des personnels convenablement form s ce type de mat riel Mise en garde Connexion d autres quipements Des quipement compl mentaires pourrant tre connect s aux ports de cet quipement la seule condition que ceux ci soient agr es Les conditions optimales de s curit pour toute connexion sont d finies ci dessous Ports SELV i port Supervisor il port MAIN iii port D amp I iv ports pour les canaux CH1 CH2 v port EXT CLOCK vii port ALARM vii port AUI viii port 10BASE T Les ports cit s ci dessous sont class s dans la cat gorie SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage conform ment la classe 2 3 de EN60950 BS7002 IEC950 applicable et doivent tre connect s des quipements r pondant la norme de s curit SELV Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 46 of 59 APPENDIX B APPROVAL REQUIREMENTS There are no specific approval requirements for the Router Option refer to Echo LANIink User Manual for general approval requirements Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 47 of 59 APPENDIX C EMC REQUIREMENTS There are no specific EMC requirements for the Router Option refer to Echo
29. ch line so that a match results in failure The last entry would have wild card entries for all three sections and results in a pass ofthe Table or after an entry EDIT To edit an entry selecting the per lon line number entering required amendments DELETE Enter the line number to delete CLEAR To delete the entire table NAME Define a name for this filter table LIST PARAMETER DESCRIPTION LINE Line number of Filter Table entry to be amended deleted SRC ADDR The source address for IP packets to be filtered A network address individual IP address or ALL may be specified Echo LANlink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 37 of 59 MENU SELECTION DESCRIPTION SRC MASK The IP mask associated with the Source Address in hexadecimal format Left blank if ALL source addresses are forwarded DEST ADDR The destination address of IP packets to be filtered A network address individual IP address or ALL may be specified DEST MASK The IP mask associated with the Destination Address in hexadecimal format Left blank if ALL destination addresses are specified Indicated the protocol this entry will filter on e g ANY TCP ONLY UDP ONLY ICMP ONLY The Source Port that this entry will Filter on The Destination Port that this entry will filter on 4 7 3 IPX SAP FILTER MENU WAN or Ethernet SAP Service Advertising Protocol is used on Novell networks to inform workstations and file servers
30. d to remove unwanted server entries from the SAP table and their propagation to the WAN link If no filter table entries have been created and this option is set to YES the default action is to ignore all SAP entries Once configuration is complete move the cursor to the EXIT position and press lt return gt Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 22 of 59 4 ROUTER MENU OPTIONS The menu options allow the user to configure the router to individual requirements The menu tree is shown in the diagram below and each option is discussed in the following section Login Prompt Router Multiplexer System Management Management Status Traffic Network Remote nit Service Filter U Unit Status Analysis Loading Management Configuration Setup Setup Events 4 1 UNIT STATUS This option displays statistics for the Ethernet and WAN links At the top of the screen the unit name and time since power on are displayed The user can use the CLEAR option to reset the data counts to begin new analysis or EXIT option to leave the page The following table describes the parameters that are displayed PARAMETER DESCRIPTION OPTIONS NAME User defined STATE Port status for the ACTIVE Ethernet Interface FILTER Service status for WAN LINK DOWN Interfaces COMPRESSED status BLO
31. er 1997 Page 27 of 59 4 2 5 SHOW TRAFFIC DETAILS Displays a list of the current traffic received by the router PARAMETER DESCRIPTION ADDRESS MAC address Time since packet last received FLAGS L local to the attached LAN H addressed to this unit 4 3 NETWORK LOADING This option shows the load on the WAN and Ethernet ports over five second one minute and five minute periods PARAMETER DESCRIPTION AVERAGE PACKETS PEAK PACKETS AVERAGE BANDWIDTH PEAK BANDWIDTH The average number of packets seen by the Router on a per second basis over the displayed time period at that port The peak number of packets seen by the Router on a per second basis over the displayed time period The average percentage of available bandwidth used by the segment or serial link attached to that port on a per second basis over the selected time period The peak percentage of available bandwidth used by the segment or serial link attached to that port on a per second basis over the selected time period Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 28 of 59 4 4 REMOTE MANAGEMENT Selecting the Remote Management menu presents the user with the following four options Traffic Network Remote Service Filter Unit Unit Status Analysis Loading Management Configuration Setup Setup Events Name Serv
32. er defined to a route to access this Router IPX TICKS Time in ticks for IPX packets to be retransmitted over the WAN 1 tick 1 18 second IPX SAP FILTER Name of IPX filter table User defined used for received IPX NONE packets Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 34 of 59 PARAMETER DESCRIPTION OPTIONS OTHER Controls bridging of BRIDGE other protocols BLOCK 4 6 2 1 PPP SETUP Authentication is not normally used on leased lines PARAMETER DESCRIPTION OPTIONS Required By Remote Router Service AUTHENTICATION TYPE Type of authentication NONE required by remote router PAP to accept connection CHAP N B CISCO equipment will PAP OR CHAP not negotiate so PAP or CHAP is unacceptable PAP PASSWORD Password expected by User defined remote router CHAP SECRET Password expected by User defined remote router Required By This Service AUTHENTICATION TYPE Type of authentication NONE required by this router to PAP accept connection CHAP remote router remote router Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 35 of 59 4 7 FILTER SETUP N B IP and IPX filter tables are created using these menus BUT are activated using the SERVICE SETUP menu Traffic Network Remote Service Filter Unit Status sn Analysis Loading Management Configuration Setup Setup Events
33. er i SNMP Configuration Security Security Telnet Out Y View Name to IP Cache 4 4 1 TELNET OUT This option will enable telnet connection by entering the relevant IP Address to a remote workstation 4 4 2 NAME SERVER CONFIGURATION This menu allows the user to configure the Router DNS Client features PARAMETER DESCRIPTION OPTIONS DNS ADDRESS server IP TO NAME Type of mapping between REVERSE MAPPING MAPPING addresses and names Some IN ADDR ARPA DOMAIN servers allow address entry to get names in addition to entering names to get addresses reverse mapping NAME TO IP If an address is requested from Go to Name to IP Cache CACHE the DNS server the Router Table caches the map This map can therefore be viewed Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 29 of 59 4 4 2 1 NAME TO IP CACHE PARAMETER DESCRIPTION IP ADDRESS The name server IP address NAME The name associated to this IP address TIMER If a name request is made to the DNS it will allocate a time period to retain the information The timer shows how much time remains 4 4 3 SECURITY PARAMETER DESCRIPTION OPTIONS CHANGE USER Allows user to change PASSWORD password Old password must be entered prior to acceptance USER User password access ENABLE USER CHANGE User password change ENABLE USER LOGIN User access control ENABLE TT E peee USER TELNET Telne
34. ernet data RX DATA Flashes when unit is receiving Ethernet data COLLISION Flashes if an Ethernet collision is detected FAULT RED if a power up hardware fault has occurred Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 19 of 59 3 7 Quick Configuration The first stage in configuration is to allocate some bandwidth of the communication link to the router The second stage is to configure the SERVICE SETUP to allow communication between the two routers 3 7 1 Multiplexer Configuration From the main menu enter MULTIPLEXER MANAGEMENT Allocate bandwidth to the router by entering R in any free timeslot positions near the bottom of the screen Each timeslot allocated will contribute 64Kbps of bandwidth to the router Save the multiplexer configuration using CTRL U Leave MULTIPLEXER MANAGEMENT by selecting Exit to Router at the top right of the screen 3 7 2 Router Configuration From the main menu enter ROUTER MANAGEMENT Go into SERVICE SETUP and enter ETHERNET SERVICE The following parameters need to be set N B IP service must be configured even when IP is not being used on the local Ethernet network 3 7 2 1 Service Name A name to identify the local Ethernet Network this is displayed in the IP RIP IPX RIP and IPX SAP tables and should ideally refer to network location 3 7 2 2 IP Address A unique address within the IP network connected to the local Ethernet port This is the
35. g the timeslot map on the multiplexer Nx64 Channels page Typing R in the timeslot map will assign that timeslot to the router Any combination of timeslots may be allocated to the router except timeslot 0 which is always reserved and each timeslot assigned will contribute 64Kbps of bandwidth The Rate field for the router will automatically be updated to show the bandwidth assigned Echo LANlink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 13 of 59 Figure 8 shows an example timeslot set up with 512Kbps allocated to channel 1 320Kbps allocated to channel 2 and 1152Kbps allocated to the router 2 MEGABIT El MULTIPLEXER v1 04 00 00 25 12 97 Main Link UK SYNCHRONISED Exit to Router Mode NORMAL Nx64 Channels 2 ROUTER Framing CRC4 D amp I Channels NOT FITTED Idle Bandwidth OK Alarms None Clock Reference INTERNAL Statistics Main Link Configuration gt LOCAL Events Log Nx64 Channel S a 2 ROUTER Rate sy LR 320K 1152K Mode NORMAL NORMAL Tx Clock INT INT Rx Clock S INT INT Indicate ON ON Control ON ON SSS SESS Se Sas SSeS SSeS TIMESLOT MAP 7 Er Er 0 209 O0 10 EC LE del 41 122 2722 2 2272 2 229378 0 1 2 3 4 5 67 8290 17 23 AB e CECR E 42567089001 SRIRIRR22RRRRRRRRRRRIIII111RRR222 Cursor keys to move CTRL U to save ESC to abandon Use lt SPACEBAR gt lt gt lt gt to select Figure 8 Example Timeslot Set up 2 5 2 Returning to t
36. he Main Menu Screen Selecting the Exit to Router menu option will return the user back to the main menu screen If any unsaved changes have been left a prompt will appear to confirm the action as any unsaved changes will be lost after leaving the multiplexer management page 2 5 3 Clearing the Configuration back to Factory Default The multiplexer may be reset back to the factory default configuration by pressing CTRL R four times when the cursor is on the Configuration item A confirm message will be displayed before the configuration is reset The previous configuration will be lost 2 6 System Status The main menu SYSTEM STATUS item displays the alarm status of the overall system Selecting this item gives the status of all the alarms in the system as detailed below Note the router monitors the alarm status of the multiplexer and therefore the alarms have to be configured under multiplexer management to be valid Echo LANlink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 14 of 59 2 6 1 MAIN LINK CARRIER LOSS The local Multiplexer cannot identify a valid synchronisation sequence FAS CRC4 etc from the remote multiplexer 2 6 2 D I CARRIER LOSS The Multiplexer cannot identify a valid synchronisation sequence FAS CRC4 etc from the unit attached to the D amp l port 2 6 3 REMOTE ALARM The unit attached to the D amp I port is generating an alarm in the framing information that is it is reporting that it has a
37. her devices on the network Inoperative routes will time out and be removed from the routing tables so that alternative routes may be used in the event a communications circuit failure A data compression algorithm is used when transporting Ethernet frames through the communications link to increase the throughput of data Comprehensive filtering options are available so the router may act as a sophisticated firewall to give added security for the LAN 1 2 Typical Applications The simplest application for the Router Option is to link two LANs as shown in Figure 1 In this example the Branch Office is linked to the Headquarters via the Echo LANlinks and users at the Branch office will be able to access the General Servers as if they were on the same network Further use of the router functionality can give sophisticated security for network elements Restrictive firewalls are easily built using subnet masking Entire subnets can be isolated from the network by simply entering appropriate configurations see Figure 2 In this example the Salesperson in Echo LANlink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 7 of 59 the Branch Office could access the Headquarters General Server via the Echo LANlink but accesses to the Finance Server could be stopped using subnet masking in the Echo LANIink LAN
38. ically establish the split based on the upper bits of the IP address All equipment must now be configured to use the correct number of subnet bits Any equipment not configured with the same number of subnet bits will not route correctly The number of subnet bits is variable between zero use standard network unit split to two less than the number of unit bits for this Class A router network can internally report the number of subnet bits by using OSPF or RIP 2 RIP 1 cannot carry subnet information Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 55 of 59 APPENDIX I ROUTER MAINTENANCE MENU For security reasons the Multiplexer must be directly connected to a terminal to access the MAINTENANCE MENU Login to the unit as CMGR at the initial prompt All access passwords will apply as usual On login a prompt will appear Type UPGRADE MENU lt return gt The prompt ARE YOU SURE will appear Type YES lt return gt and the MAINTENANCE MENU will appear LI KERMIT A new version of the Router firmware may be downloaded to flash memory via the console port using Kermit If a suitable communications program is resident on the PC it may be used If there is no such program available the upgrade disk includes a shareware version of ProComm Connect the PC via COM1 or COM2 to the SUPERVISOR port of the Multiplexer This port is configured DCE and therefore a straight cable no crossover is required see Echo LANlin
39. ing required amendments CLEAR To delete the entire table NAME Define a name for this filter table LINE The Line Number of the Filter Table entry used to specify an entry to be changed or deleted TYPE The type of service advertised by a SAP packet or ALL to include all service types in the filter FROM SKT Initial Socket Number for selecting a range of socket numbers to be filtered To select all Sockets use ALL TO SKT The final Socket Number for selecting a range of socket numbers to be filtered SERVER NAME The unique name of a Server to be filtered or ALL to filter on all Server Names RSLT The action to be taken as a result of SAP packets meeting filter conditions e g FAIL drop or PASS route Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 39 of 59 4 7 4 IPX HEADER FILTERS There is a single IPX header filter that can control the forwarding of packets from each port The user can select if this filter is applied to packets received from either or both ports The filter can have up to 128 entries If IPX filtering is active then any packets received are checked against the filter table before processing by the Router The operation of the IPX filter does not effect RIP and SAP packets as they are processed directly by the Router It should be noted that the filter table is sequentially searched for each IPX packet received until a match is found A filter table with multiple entries
40. it may be because the terminal type is incorrect or the terminal settings are wrong In this case pressing L followed by lt return gt should lead you back to the login prompt UNIT S1234 LOGOUT 4 5 5 5 ROUTER MANAGEMENT MULTIPLEXER MANAGEMENT NONE SYSTEM STATUS NO ALARMS Figure 4 Main Menu Screen The Echo LANlink with Router Option is configured in two parts Router Management for all the router functions and Multiplexer Management for all the multiplexer functions Echo LANlink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 10 of 59 2 4 Router Management Selecting ROUTER MANAGEMENT from the main menu allows the user to configure the router The router management screen is shown in Figure 5 Refer to Section 4 for details on each menu option UNIT STATUS TRAFFIC ANALYSIS NETWORK LOADING REMOTE MANAGEMENT UNIT CONFIGURATION SERVICE SETUP FILTER SETUP EVENTS Figure 5 Router Management Screen 2 4 1 General Keyboard Conventions The following keys are used to navigate the configuration screens for the router management gt Moves the cursor block to the right Moves the cursor block to the left N Moves the cursor block upwards Moves the cursor block downwards lt return gt selects initiates the highlighted option 2 4 2 Parameter Selection When a command is selected from the command line u
41. k User manual The communications package should be configured to 9 6Kbps 8 bits 1 stop bit and no parity Start tne PC communications program or ProComm from the upgrade disc ProComm will default to COM1 Should the Multiplexer be connected to COM2 press ALT P and select 22 for COM2 If ProComm is being used press the lt PgUp gt key on the PC then enter 2 for Kermit Enter the Upgrade File Name e g A gt LANLINK1 1 ProComm will display the file size and how many bytes have been transferred The download should take approximately 15 minutes CTRL A Abort Transfer CTRL B Cancel Batch CTRL F Cancel File When the download has been completed the following messages will be displayed Enter Key 1 Start Remote Kermit Normal end 136904 bytes received Echo LANlink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 56 of 59 Erasing Flash Memory Programming Flash Memory Verifying Flash Memory Flash Memory OK AN8100B Small Office Server Maintenance Menu Vx x 1 Update Flash from Console port with Kermit 2 Update Flash from Ethernet with TCP Loader 3 Update Flash from Ethernet with TFTP Loader 4 Restore configuration from Ethernet via TFTP 6 Set new IP Address xx xx xx xx 7 Set default Gateway xx xx xx xx 8 Run Flash Program 9 Reset Password B Boot File using TCP Loader C Boot File using TFTP Loader M Run monitor Enter Key Type in 8 to run the new revision of software 1 2 Download
42. l IP transmissions 3 7 2 8 IPX Configuration If IPX Internetworking Protocol Exchange is not being used then these fields can be left at their default values to disable 3 7 2 9 IPX Network Number If there is no file server on the local Ethernet then the network number must be specified If a local file server is present the Network Number can be left set to zero and the Router will auto sense the number when connected 3 7 2 10 IPX Frame Types The default frame type is Ethernet 802 3 If 802 2 is required this setting can be changed Echo LANlink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 21 of 59 3 7 2 11 Receive IPX RIP Set this field to YES to receive IPX RIP responses from other routers or servers on the local network 3 7 2 12 Transmit IPX RIP Set this field to YES to transmit regular IPX RIP responses to other routers or servers on the local network If set to NO IPX RIP responses will only be sent as a result of receiving a RIP request 3 7 2 13 Receive IPX SAP Set this field to YES if you wish to receive IPX SAP responses from other routers or servers on the local network Requests are still received and replied to 3 7 2 14 Transmit IPX SAP Set to YES to allow transmission of regular IPX SAP responses to other routers or servers on the local network If set to NO IPX SAP responses will only be sent as a result of receiving a SAP request 3 7 2 15 IPX SAP Filter The IPX SAP Filter is use
43. o LANIink User Manual 2 2 Supervisor Terminal Requirements The terminal should be configured as follows 8 bit character no parity one stop bit speed 9 6Kbps 2 3 Router Terminal Display After power up the terminal will display the following message login Either type in the factory default login mgr or your login name if one has previously been set and press lt return gt The system will also prompt for a password if one has been set initially no password is required but password protection of the router configuration system is imperative to reduce the risk of unauthorized changes The set up of a password is covered later The terminal will then display the following question Default terminal VT 100 220 320 420 OK y or n Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 9 of 59 If you are using a terminal from this list type y lt return gt or alternatively press n lt return gt to enter another type supported terminal types are shown in Figure 3 type one of them in to select a suitable terminal type and press lt return gt VT100 FALCO SUNVIEW WYSE50 A210 VT220 SUN TVI925 VT320 TVI910 VT420 Figure 3 Supported Terminal Types Once a terminal type has been selected the main menu screen shown in Figure 4 will be displayed Using the keyboard arrow keys you should be able to move the between the various menu items If this is not the case or the display is corrupted
44. rt or socket selection for TCP and UDP packets Each section supports a wildcard for a match e g to pass only TCP packets you would wildcard the source and destination IP address and wildcard the port numbers Each line in the filter table can be configured to PASS or FAIL By default this value is FAIL Normal operation would put a number of entries in the filter table that would pass packets if a match occurs It is possible to use the reverse and define each line so that a match results in failure You could then enter a last line with wildcards in all three sections to pass G 1 Source and Destination IP Address Each filter table entry consists of an IP address and a mask The IP address in the packet is combined with the mask and compared with the entry in the table If the result matches then processing continues along the line If the result fails then the same operation is performed against the next line entry Masks are displayed in hexadecimal format for ease of bit identification Values can be entered in the normal decimal dot notation or as a single hex number e g 255 128 0 0 or FF800000 Any value or order of bits can be entered as the mask A mask of FFCF0040 is a valid mask Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 52 of 59 G 1 1 Examples To pass any packet coming from the Class A 89 0 0 0 network you would enter SRC ADDR SRC MASK 89 0 0 0 FF000000 The mask of FF00000 limits the
45. s a list of standard port values G 3 1 Examples If 130 140 5 10 wishes to be able to Telnet to 130 140 6 32 but does not wish 130 140 6 32 to be able to Telnet back to him the following line should be used SRC ADDR SRC MASK DEST ADDR DEST MASK PROT S PRT D PRT RSL 130 140 5 10 FFFFFFFF 130 140 6 32 FFFFFFFF TCP ALL 23 PAS When 130 140 5 10 initiates a connection his packet will include the following information IP Destination 130 140 6 32 IP Source 130 140 5 10 Protocol TCP Port Destination 23 Port Source 1024 The key to this is the source port that will be assigned by the system These numbers usually start at 1024 and are incremented each time a new TCP connection is made If the other machine 130 140 6 32 initiates the connection then the reply coming from 130 140 5 10 would have the following information IP Destination 130 140 6 32 IP Source 130 140 5 10 Protocol TCP Port Destination 1024 Port Source 23 You should note that the source and destination ports are now swapped The first packet from 130 140 6 32 will get to the other machine However his reply will fail when checked with the filter because the destination port is not 23 If you wanted only these two machines to be able to telnet to each other and either machine to initiate the connection then you would need two lines in the filter table SRC ADDR SRC MASK DEST ADDR DEST MASK PROT S PRT D PRT RSL 130 140 5 10 FFFFFFFF 130 140 6 32 FFFFFFFF TCP ALL 2
46. s are being accessed via the multiplexer supervisor port You may choose to break their session if absolutely necessary but this should be used with caution Figure 7 shows the main multiplexer configuration page Refer to the Echo LANlink User manual for details on how to configure the multiplexer New options that are available when the Router Option is fitted are detailed below 2 MEGABIT El MULTIPLEXER v1 04 00 00 25 12 97 Main Link UK SYNCHRONISED Exit to Router Mode NORMAL Nx64 Channels 2 ROUTER Framing CRC4 D amp I Channels NOT FITTED Idle Bandwidth 1984K Alarms None Clock Reference INTERNAL Statistics Main Link Configuration gt LOCAL Events Log Nx64 Channel B 1 2 ROUTER Rate OFF OFF OFF Mode NORMAL NORMAL Tx Clock 2 INT INT Rx Clock 3 INT INT Indicate ON ON Control ON ON Ser Soas EE TIMESLOT MAP 77 00 20 0 0 01 00 10 0 LL TZ Le TTL AL 2 2 2 2 22 2s D3 3 0 12 21 34 5 6 71879 0 1 2283 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 56 728 9 0 S Zb ent eat An S i Ga en eg CUS Jop a deefe en a ra ee Fi Zn Bn en a gi Fare Zeg ger Cursor keys to move CTRL U to save ESC to abandon Use lt SPACEBAR gt lt gt lt gt to select Figure 7 Main Multiplexer Configuration Page 2 5 1 Allocating bandwidth to the Router The amount of bandwidth allocated to the router determines the throughput of Ethernet data through the router Bandwidth is allocated usin
47. sing the cursor pressing lt return gt will initiate action Some commands require the user to enter data In Figure 6 a user has selected to ADD a new WAN IP filter A new line has appeared allowing the user to enter the source IP address for the WAN filter In this case type in the required value using the keyboard and press lt return gt Press lt esc gt to cancel any data entry operation Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 11 of 59 WAN IP FILTER 1 WAN IP FILTER 1 S1234 EXIT ADD EDIT DELETE CLEAR NAME 4 ENTER THE SOURCE I P ADDRESS RETURN ALL LINE SRC ADDR SRC MASK DEST ADD DEST MASK PROT S PRT D PRT RSLT Figure 6 Entering a Parameter Echo LANlink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 12 of 59 2 5 Multiplexer Management Selecting MULTIPLEXER MANAGEMENT from the main menu allows the user to configure the multiplexer functions If another user is currently accessing the multiplexer management page e g via a Telnet session this will be indicated next to the menu item Only one session is allowed access to the multiplexer functions at any one time If NONE is displayed the user is free to enter multiplexer management If an IP address is displayed then this is the address of the user currently accessing the multiplexer functions If CONSOLE is displayed then the multiplexer function
48. t access control NONE LOGIN FROM ANY IP ADDRESS IP NAME CHANGE Factory pre set ENTER NEW MANAGER SYSTEM PASSWORD MANAGER Manager password ENABLE PASSWORD access control DISABLE MANAGER Restricts Telnet access NONE TELNET LOGIN to the Router ANY FROM management to the following Up to four IP IP ADDRESS names addresses can IP NAME be used Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 30 of 59 PARAMETER DESCRIPTION OPTIONS READ Access permission to NONE CONFIGURATION read configuration from ANY FROM the Router from external source IP ADDRESS IP NAME EXTERNAL UNIT External unit access ENABLE LOGIN control DISABLE 4 4 4 SNMP SETUP PARAMETER DESCRIPTION COMMUNITY SNMP Community default PUBLIC give telephone number when required SEND SNMP TRAPS TO IP addresses of four SNMP stations 4 5 UNIT CONFIGURATION PARAMETER DESCRIPTION ROUTER NAME User defined identification ETHERNET ADDRESS Unique Ethernet address UNIT SERIAL NUMBER Fixed serial number for Router option SOFTWARE REVISION Router software version date DEFAULT TERMINAL Default terminal type for access Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 31 of 59 4 6 SERVICE SETUP Traffic Network Remote Service Filter Unit Status uni Analysis Loading Management Configuration Setup Setup Events
49. the Router the factory uses a unique system to reset the default password to SYSTEM Using the number gives the user two minutes and one attempt to reset the password to SYSTEM Type 9 and press lt RETURN gt This will display Enter Key 9 Unit Serial Enter Magic Number Type in the unique Magic Number supplied with the Router option or a copy obtained from your distributor Press 8 lt RETURN gt to reboot the Router and access the Security Menu to reset the password 1 9 Boot File Using TCP Loader This is for factory use only Echo LANlink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 58 of 59 1 10 Boot File Using TFTP Loader This option will remotely upgrade the BOOT code The program is loaded into RAM and executed Selecting this option will allow the Manager to TFTP download the firmware upgrade to the Router The Router will act as a server enabling the files to be downloaded from the PC in a Binary or Octet formats not ASCII 1 11 Run Monitor This will enable the factory to monitor memory functions within the Router Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 59 of 59
50. the motherboard refer to Figure 9 The Router Option power connector flying lead should be connected to J12 ensure correct polarisation Refit the rear panel screws to secure the option card Composite Link External an Aarm Supervisor EC Power Inlet amp Clock Dat Port Port Socket Drop Insert Option Connectors SWITCHED MODE PSU 074PCB1X Router Figure 10 Echo LANlink showing Router Option Fitted Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0 04 December 1997 Page 18 of 59 3 4 Testing Replace the cover and screws before powering up the unit Correct installation of the Router Option may be confirmed by the login prompt see section 2 3 appearing on the terminal screen If the red error LED on the front panel is on this indicates hardware fault has occurred In this case disconnect the power cable and check the installation of the Router Option is correct 3 5 Data Connections The Ethernet connection is made using either the AUI 15 way D type see Appendix E or 10BASE T RJ45 see Appendix F port at the rear of the unit refer to Appendix D 3 6 Front Panel LEDs For information regarding CARRIER MAJOR ALARM MINOR ALARM and LOOP refer to the Echo LANlink User Manual CARRIER XX DATA MAJOR ALARM RX DATA MINOR ALARM COLLISION Loop FAULT LED Label Notes TX DATA Flashes when unit is transmitting Eth
51. will impose a significant processor loading and a corresponding drop in performance In most cases IPX conversations require packets to be passed in both directions Stopping packet flow in one direction will stop any conversation taking place It may not be necessary to use filters in both directions The filter table is configured depending upon which networks nodes and sockets are expected to be found connected to each port The actual comparison of the packet source or destination address in the IPX Header to the filter table changes depending upon which port the packet is received from If network 45 is set by the filter as connected to Port A then packets received from Port A would have the IPX header source network number compared to the entry for network 45 Packets received from Port B would have the IPX header destination network number compared to 45 Each of the seven fields can be set to pass ALL The result of any entry can be set to PASS or FAIL If the search reaches the end of the table with no match then the result is an automatic FAIL of the Table or after an entry EDIT To edit an entry selecting the relevant line number entering required amendments DELETE Enter the line number to delete CLEAR To delete the entire table NAME Define a name for this filter table LINE The Line Number of the Filter Table entry used to specify an entry to be changed or deleted Echo LANIink Router Option User Manual Issue 1 0

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