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Avaya Configuring IP Utilities User's Manual

1. Table B 1 TCP Configuration Parameters Parameter Default Enable Disable Enable Min Retransmission Timeout 250 ms Max Retransmission Timeout 240000 ms Max Window Size 4096 bytes 114071 Rev A B 1 Configuring IP Utilities FTP Parameters Protocol FTP Table B 2 FTP Configuration Parameters Parameters Default Enable Disable Enable Default Volume Volume 2 Login Retries 3 retries Idle Time Out 900 seconds Max Sessions 3 sessions Type of Service Binary Control Connection Low delay Data Transfer High Throughput TCP Window Size 16000 bytes Table B 2 lists the Site Manager default parameter settings for the File Transfer B 2 114071 Rev A Site Manager Default Settings Telnet Parameters Table B 3 and Table B 4 list the Site Manager default parameter settings for Telnet Table B 3 Telnet Server Configuration Parameters Parameters Default Enable Disable Enable TI Lines per Screen 24 lines TI More Enable TI Prompt None Login Timeout 1 minute Password Timeout 1 minute Command Timeout 15 minutes Login Retries 3 login attempts Diagnostic Report Disable Diagnostic Exercise Disable Diagnostic Network Data Disable Diagnostic PTY Data Disable Diagnostic Options Disable Manager s Login Script automgr bat User s Login Script autouser bat Force User Logout Disabl
2. sessesessssss 5 3 Specifying the Maximum Number of Lines on the Technician Interface Console 5 3 Using me Fause FORMING scende coni idol enu ibd bbr CepudDd bb Cort done bte cubat oce ld bre HO ado 5 3 Changing the Telnet Login PPOIBDE 2 n ere e d n petet e tete 5 3 Cree tie EGO TINGOUT uiscdsqusiuissqus cult iab rea nein ee NOU rei ucc zd 5 4 114071 Rev A vii Changing the Password TIMEOUT isses tec t aere rate Fe Rte PR Rue Rand cea 5 4 Changing the Command TIMEOUT 2521s icasenb tta nid dba de gU rpa eMe innnan kata tees 5 4 eri epeakeeal ii ge e einem ani aridied 5 4 Using Telnet Serer Diagnosis 1 der Ote acta Car d pate tad 5 5 Enabling Diagnostic Reporting em 5 5 Enabling Diagnostic EXONS RR 5 5 Enabling Diagnostic Network Dal usine ace aga k ath bunk t ade kit ntn echa dac 5 5 Enabling bisonestic PT Y Data auia pe osse c A Haste TER utopia dac ejadaare 5 5 Enabling BisaImesic DID ooo tee tei Fr et Lr OU bd e ERR CH detis 5 6 Setting Technician Interface Login Scripts ssssssssseeeees 5 6 Specifying a Filename for the Manager s Login Script ssssss 5 6 Specifying a Filename for the User s Login Script suesesssss 5 6 Enabling and Disabling Usar Logout iioii opis eer abb qu dt tete a DE b Des TSdeG 5 6 en nensa in reparat E 5 7 Configuring the Telnet Client on the Router ssesssssseses
3. 114071 Rev A 1 5 Configuring IP Utilities Deleting NTP from the Router You can use Site Manager to delete NTP from the router from the router Site Manager Path From the Configuration Manager window select Protocols Global Protocols NTP Delete NTP Click on OK in the confirmation window to delete NTP Customizing NTP You can customize the way NTP runs on your router by modifying its default parameter values For information on modifying default NTP default parameter values see Chapter 6 Where to Go Next The following table shows you where to find additional information for configuring and customizing TCP FTP Telnet and NTP For information on Go to TCP Telnet FTP and NTP and how Bay Networks Chapter 2 implements these protocols How to configure TCP services Chapter 3 How to configure FTP services Chapter 4 How to configure Telnet services Chapter 5 How to configure NTP services Chapter 6 TCP FTP Telnet and NTP parameter descriptions Appendix A TCP FTP Telnet and NTP parameter default values Appendix B 1 6 114071 Rev A Chapter 2 TCP FTP Telnet and NTP Concepts This chapter describes the concepts behind TCP FTP Telnet and NTP and how we implement them in Bay Networks routers You can use this information to decide how to customize TCP FTP Telnet and NTP parameters for your system TCP Overview In the 1970s the D
4. Configuring IP Utilities OSI Open Systems Interconnection OSPF Open Shortest Path First PVC permanent virtual circuit QENET Quad Ethernet Link Module RFC Request for Comment RIP Routing Information Protocol SMDS Switched Multimegabit Data Services SNAP Subnetwork Access Protocol SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol SRM system resource module SVC switched virtual circuit TCP Transmission Control Protocol TCP IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol WAN wide area network Ordering Bay Networks Publications To purchase additional copies of this document or other Bay Networks publications order by part number from the Bay Networks Press at the following telephone or fax numbers Telephone U S Canada 1 888 4BAYPRESS Telephone International 1 510 490 4752 Fax 1 510 498 2609 You can also use these numbers to request a free catalog of Bay Networks Press product publications xviii 114071 Rev A Technical Support and Online Services To ensure comprehensive network support to our customers and partners worldwide Bay Networks Customer Service has Technical Response Centers in key locations around the globe e Billerica Massachusetts e Santa Clara California e Sydney Australia e Tokyo Japan e Valbonne France The Technical Response Centers are connected via a redundant Frame Relay Network to a Common Problem Resolution system enabling them to tra
5. Index E Enable Disable A 14 A 15 F Flow control 2 3 2 7 FTP Global parameters Enable Disable A 4 Idle Time Out A 5 Login Retries A 4 G Getting help from a Bay Networks Technical Response Center xviii xxvii from the Support Source CD xxvi through CompuServe xvii xxvi through Customer Service FTP xxv through InfoFACTS service xviii xxvii through World Wide Web xviii xxv Idle Time Out parameter A 5 Inbound Telnet 2 12 See also Telnet Server InfoFACTS service xviii xxvii Internet Protocol IP 2 1 2 2 Max Retransmission Timeout parameter A 3 Memory and number of Telnet connections 2 12 114071 Rev A Index 1 Configuring IP Utilities considerations for configuring TCP 2 5 Min Retransmission Timeout parameter A 2 O Outbound Telnet 2 11 See also Telnet Client Out of order caching 2 3 P Parameters See Command Timeout Enable Disable Idle Time Out Max Retransmission Timeout Min Retransmission Timeout Ports 2 4 R Reference material 3 3 S Sequence numbers 2 3 Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP 2 11 Sockets 2 4 Support Source CD xxvi T TCP clients 2 4 2 6 connection states 2 4 to 2 7 connections for 2 4 memory considerations 2 5 overview of 2 2 to 2 7 ports 2 4 TCP Global parameters A 2 to A 3 descriptions of A 2 to A 3 Enable Disable A 2 Max Retransmission Timeout A 3 Max Window Size 2 5 A 3 A
6. 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 3 1 2 Min Retransmission Timeout msec Protocols gt Global Protocols gt TCP gt Global 250 milliseconds ms 100 through 15000 ms Sets the minimum value for the retransmission timeout When one side of a TCP connection sends a frame and does not receive an acknowledgment from the other side of the connection within the timeout period the sending station retransmits the frame Specify the value you want to use for the minimum timeout period If you are transmitting on a high speed network and you set the parameter value too high network performance may degrade because TCP must wait for the timeout period to elapse before retransmitting unacknowledged data 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 3 1 5 A 2 114071 Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Descriptions Max Retransmission Timeout msec Protocols Global Protocols TCP Global 240000 ms 15000 through ms Sets the maximum value for the retransmission timeout When one side of a TCP connection sends a frame and does not receive an acknowledgment from the other side of the connection within the timeout period the sending station retransmits the frame Specify the value you want to use for the maximum timeout period If you are transmitting on a low speed network and you set the parameter value
7. Configuring IP Utilities Router Software Version 11 0 Site Manager Software Version 5 0 Part No 114071 Rev A August 1996 Bay Networks ES Bay Networks 4401 Great America Parkway 8 Federal Street Santa Clara CA 95054 Billerica MA 01821 Copyright 1988 1996 Bay Networks Inc All rights reserved Printed in the USA August 1996 The information in this document is subject to change without notice The statements configurations technical data and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable but are presented without express or implied warranty Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this document The information in this document is proprietary to Bay Networks Inc The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement and may only be used in accordance with the terms of that license A summary of the Software License is included in this document Restricted Rights Legend Use duplication or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph c 1 ii of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252 227 7013 Notice for All Other Executive Agencies Notwithstanding any other license agreement that may pertain to or accompany the delivery of this computer software the rights of the United States Government regarding its use reproduction and
8. Deleting Telnet from the Router You can use Site Manager to delete Telnet Client or Telnet Server from the router Site Manager Path From the Configuration Manager window select Protocols Global Protocols Telnet Client Telnet Server Delete Telnet Client Telnet Server Site Manager asks Do you really want to delete Telnet Client Server Click on OK to delete Telnet from the router Customizing Telnet You can customize the way that Telnet Client and Telnet Server run on your router by modifying the default Telnet parameter values For more information see Chapter 5 Starting NTP This section describes how to get NTP started on a circuit and how to create and delete NTP on a router It assumes you have read Configuring Routers Creating NTP on the Router Before you can create NTP on the router you must first configure IP on the router For instructions on how to configure IP see Configuring IP on a Circuit When you configure IP you should select a routing protocol such as RIP or OSPF if you have configured remote time servers on your network NTP requires a routing protocol to synchronize the remote time servers with primary time servers For instructions on how to configure RIP refer to Configuring IP Services You can create NTP on the router using Site Manager Site Manager Path From the Configuration Manager window select Protocols gt Global Protocols NTP Create NTP
9. 114071 Rev A 2 11 Configuring IP Utilities Telnet Client When you create a Telnet client the router sends outbound requests to a remote host to establish a Telnet session on a remote node Once the router establishes the Telnet session you can access all Technician Interface commands If you had established a terminal console cable connection to a router you could log in to the local router and use the Telnet command to establish a remote session on a remote router Figure 2 4 In this case the local router is defined as the Telnet client and the remote router as the Telnet server Telnet client Outbound Telnet server El La Telnet session EI f Console cable TCP connection TCP0005A Figure 2 4 Telnet Client For information on creating Telnet on the router and editing Telnet parameters refer to Chapter 5 2 12 114071 Rev A TCP FTP Telnet and NTP Concepts NTP Overview The Network Time Protocol NTP synchronizes the timing of internal clocks of various internet devices across large diverse networks NTP runs over UDP which in turn runs over IP The NTP protocol specification is documented in RFC 1305 Each router on the network contains an internal system clock that is used to maintain accurate time for the router NTP adjusts each
10. Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure the Telnet configuration parameters in the Configuration Manager window Manager s Login Script Protocols Global Protocols Telnet Global automgr bat The name of the manager s login script file At login executes the manager s login script file automatically If you did not change the name of the manager s login script file accept the default Otherwise enter the new name must be eight characters or less 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 1 21 User s Login Script Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Telnet gt Global autouser bat None At login executes the user s login script file automatically If you did not change the name of the user s login script file accept the default Otherwise enter the new name must be eight characters or less 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 1 22 Force User Logout Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Telnet gt Global Disable Enable Disable Specifies whether the user can press control c to cancel a user autoscript at login when a user autoscript is in effect Select Enable to prevent using control c to cancel the user autoscript at login Select Disable to allow the user to press control c to cancel the user autoscript
11. erasini anaana ea aai aaa 3 3 ease Msg s vit Hg ie A ER OON 3 3 brio RE EI NNUS 3 4 Chapter 4 Customizing FTP Services Gontiguring the FIP Server ap the BOBEBE 25 eat UG rci Ph t eri et ded 4 1 Enabling and Disabling an FTP Server ssesesssee eene nnns 4 2 were PTP Default VOUE e 4 2 peciling Logn Metries Valys 1 aie ar eter RE Bota t ob e Ee Rate e pae ER recoge 4 2 opeciving Makmum FIP lde TME ue iacuiieipe contu iis na Codi aaS eeii 4 3 Speciiving Maximum FTP SESSIONE uci ici leen aciei e deel iid 4 3 Specifying the Data Transmission Type sssssessssseseeeneeenn nnne 4 3 Specifying the FTP Control Connection M M 4 3 Spscitving a Data Tradsier ValiB o coder eren tret btt Rea i a adc tens 4 4 Specimino the TOP WINGO SZE ui scr cesis Prati dir tt Fu tn Priced bad dc 4 4 Poco Mt liM ar evans th caer E EA 4 4 Chapter 5 Customizing Telnet Services Configuring a Telnet Server on the Router bunnan E E E aie 5 1 Changing the Login Script TRIOIICIRTEOEI suis nid Ernte Flan Ea R 5 2 Changing the Name of the Manager s Login Script File ss 5 2 Changing the Name of the User s Login Script File sssesesssss 5 2 Enabling and Disabling User Logout 2 nr ERI ener Rd 5 2 Changing the Telnet Configuration on the Router T Be Enabling and Disabling Telnet for the IP Router
12. the functions and macros to e Open close abort and get the status of connections e Control the flow of data e Encapsulate data for TCP to transmit e Process received TCP data When a program passes data to TCP the TCP layer formats the data and calls on the IP layer to transmit the data to its destination For information on creating TCP on the router see Chapter 1 For information on editing TCP parameters see Chapter 3 FTP Overview The File Transfer Protocol allows files to be transferred from a server to an FTP client or from an FTP client to the server FTP ensures the integrity of data transferred from one system to another Using FTP you can log in to a remote host identify yourself list remote directories copy files to or from the remote host and execute a few simple commands remotely When you enable FTP on the router you can Download files from a host system to a remote router and retrieve files from the router Examine the directory listing of files on the remote router Delete files on the remote router As network administrator you use Site Manager to create the FTP server on the router and edit FTP server parameters For complete information and instructions refer to Chapter 4 114071 Rev A 2 7 Configuring IP Utilities How FTP Works The FTP client initiates an FTP session with the FTP server on the router The session establishes two separate connections between host and router
13. Remote Port You can change the default remote Telnet Server s TCP remote port by specifying a valid TCP port number Site Manager Remote Port parameter page A 15 Changing the Command Prompt You can change the default Telnet Client command prompt by specifying any string less than 40 characters long Site Manager Prompt parameter page A 15 Where to Go Next The following table shows you where to find additional information for configuring and customizing TCP FTP Telnet and NTP For information on Go to TCP FTP Telnet and NTP and how Bay Networks implements these protocols Chapter 2 How to configure TCP services Chapter 3 How to configure FTP services Chapter 4 How to configure NTP services Chapter 6 TCP FTP Telnet and NTP parameter descriptions Appendix A TCP FTP Telnet and NTP parameter default values Appendix B 5 8 114071 Rev A Chapter 6 Customizing NTP Services This chapter describes how to create and customize NTP services You should have read Configuring Routers or Configuring Customer Access and Trunks BNX Software as appropriate for your platform and have performed the following tasks 1 1 4 Opened a configuration file in local or remote mode Selected the appropriate router type specified a slot and selected the link or net module that you want to insert in the slot if you are using a lo
14. can fill in both directions 114071 Rev A 2 5 Configuring IP Utilities The value you set for Maximum Window Size depends on how much memory you need for services other than TCP If you have a complicated configuration specify a low Max Window Size value for TCP connections since space is limited Systems with less involved configurations can support more TCP connections and a higher Maximum Window Size value If TCP consumes too much memory on the router connections slow down or even abort TCP uses feedback mechanisms to indicate to clients when resources are becoming scarce However if clients disregard this feedback TCP has to break connections TCP attempts to monitor the connections consuming the most memory and break those first to maintain connections consuming less memory TCP and IP Service Users TCP is the layer or service between IP at the lower layer in the hierarchy of network protocols and programs running at higher layers in the hierarchy Figure 2 1 shows a simple network architecture with four users of TCP IP services data link switching DLSw Telnet FTP and BGP TCP0001A Figure 2 1 TCP between IP and Clients 2 6 114071 Rev A TCP FTP Telnet and NTP Concepts The interface between TCP and programs that use TCP consists of a set of messages exchanged between the clients and TCP and a set of functions and macros that user programs call to exchange TCP messages These programs use
15. continued State Definition FINWAIT 2 7 TCP waits for a connection termination request from the remote TCP CLOSEWAIT 8 TCP waits for a connection termination request from the client CLOSING 10 TCP waits for a connection termination request acknowledgment from the remote TCP LASTACK 9 TCP waits for acknowledgment of the connection termination request previously sent to the remote TCP TIMEWAIT 11 TCP waits for enough time to pass to ensure that the remote TCP received the acknowledgment of its connection termination request CLOSED 1 No connection TCP Memory Considerations The Transmission Control Protocol requires a significant amount of memory to e Retain copies of outbound data in case they must be retransmitted e Retain copies of inbound data in case they are received out of order and must be rearranged Manage the TCP connections The amount of memory used per TCP connection is dynamic Each connection uses a small amount of overhead memory less than 1 KB even if the connection Is idle As the size of the transmit and receive window increases so does the memory for connections It expands as much as TCP allows You can control the window size by setting a value for the Max Window Size parameter in the Edit TCP Global Parameters window see Chapter 3 The maximum amount of memory TCP can use for a connection is equal to the overhead memory plus twice the window size because the window
16. is enabled for the IP router allowing you to establish Telnet sessions to the Technician Interface Select Disable to disable Telnet for the IP router Site Manager Enable Disable parameter page A 8 Specifying the Maximum Number of Lines on the Technician Interface Console You can specify the maximum number of lines displayed on the Telnet Technician Interface console screen The screen may override the number of lines you specify if Telnet can negotiate the window size with the remote client By default the maximum number of lines displayed on the Telnet Technician Interface console screen is 24 Site Manager TI Lines per Screen parameter page A 8 Using the Pause Feature By default the Technician Interface pauses after each screen fills with data You can configure the Technician Interface not to pause after each screen fills with data by disabling this feature Site Manager TI More parameter page A 9 Changing the Telnet Login Prompt You can change the Telnet login prompt on the Telnet console screen by specifying a character string from 1 through 18 alphanumeric characters Site Manager TI Prompt parameter page A 9 114071 Rev A 5 3 Configuring IP Utilities Changing the Login Timeout You can specify a value that will determine the number of minutes that can elapse before the Technician Interface disconnects the Telnet session if you fail to enter a login I
17. software available for use by any third party Neither title nor ownership to Software passes to licensee Licensee shall not provide or otherwise make available any Software in whole or in part in any form to any third party Third parties do not include consultants subcontractors or agents of licensee who have licensee s permission to use the Software at licensee s facility and who have agreed in writing to use the Software only in accordance with the restrictions of this license Third party owners from whom Bay Networks has acquired license rights to software that is incorporated into Bay Networks products shall have the right to enforce the provisions of this license against licensee Licensee shall not remove or obscure any copyright patent trademark trade secret or similar intellectual property or restricted rights notice within or affixed to any Software and shall reproduce and affix such notice on any backup copy of Software or copies of software resulting from modification or combination performed by licensee as permitted by this license 114071 Rev A iii Bay Networks Software License continued 10 11 12 Licensee shall not reverse assemble reverse compile or in any way reverse engineer the Software Note For licensees in the European Community the Software Directive dated 14 May 1991 as may be amended from time to time shall apply for interoperability purposes Licensee must notify Bay Networks in wr
18. stream mode only File Structure STRU Specifies the file structure type The server supports file no record structure only FTP Service Commands Retrieve RETR Causes the server to transfer the specified file to the client Abort ABOR Causes the server to abort the previous FTP service command and any associated transfer of data Store STOR Causes the server to accept the data transferred over the data connection and store it on the server Store Unique STOU Specifies the same operation as the Store command and in addition causes the server to create the resulting file in the current directory under a name unique to that directory Delete DELE Causes the server to delete the specified file on the server List LIST Causes the server to send to the client a detailed list of files Name List NLST Causes the server to send to the client a list of filenames Status STAT Causes the server to send to the client the control connection status If the server receives the command during file transfer the server sends the client the status of the transfer Help HELP Provides helpful information No Operation NOOP Specifies no action Causes the server to send an OK reply continued 114071 Rev A 2 9 Configuring IP Utilities Table 2 3 FTP Commands Supported continued Command Code Description Change Working CWD Causes the server to change t
19. 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 2 5 NTP Global Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure NTP parameters Enable Disable Select Protocols gt Global Protocols gt NTP gt Global Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables the NTP Subsystem on the router To disable the NTP Subsystem on the router specify Disable and click on OK in the Edit NTP Global Parameters window 1 3 6 1 4 1 1 18 3 5 3 17 1 1 3 114071 Rev A Configuring IP Utilities Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID NTP Mode Protocols gt Global Protocols gt NTP gt Global Client Client BClient or MClient Specifies the mode in which you want NTP to run on your router Specify either Unicast Client Client Broadcast Client BClient or Multicast Client MClient mode and click on OK in the Edit NTP Global Parameters window 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 17 1 1 4 Peer IP Address Protocols gt Global Protocols gt NTP gt Add Peers None 0 0 0 0 or any valid IP address Specifies the IP address of the time server peer you want to configure NTP adds the IP address of the time server to a peer list NTP uses this peer list when querying time ser
20. 3 Login Retries Protocols Global Protocols FTP Global 3 retries 0 through 5 retries Specifies the number of FTP login retries allowed after a login failure Enter a value representing the number of login attempts that FTP will accept after a login failure before rejecting logins 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 10 1 4 A 4 114071 Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Descriptions Idle Time Out secs Protocols Global Protocols FTP Global 900 seconds 1 through 10000 sessions Specifies the length of time in seconds that FTP waits before closing an idle FTP control connection Determine the maximum idle time you want to allow and specify the time value in seconds 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 10 1 5 Max Sessions Protocols Global Protocols FTP Global 3 sessions 1 through 10000 sessions Specifies the maximum number of FTP sessions allowed at one time Determine the maximum number of simultaneous sessions you want to allow and specify a value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 10 1 6 Type of Service Protocols Global Protocols FTP Global Binary Binary ASCII Specifies the current data transmission type To transfer files consisting of ASCII characters specify ASC
21. 6 Appendix A Parameter Descriptions TCP Global Parameters T A EUR T A 2 FIP Global PAFSIDEIBDS aisscerenier prb G HY ER a ROREER d EPGR Tr e veE a eren en EP EFE Dan E KE A 4 Telnet Conngurabion PalSITIBIefe nien aided ate andann Erba duck DA dninni RE A rade KU b du A 7 Telnet Server Global Parameters 2r rni ee dades tate eise eer Eoo dd Cose Eod ete acti dea A 8 Telnet Client Global Parameters 1e asc ier Gd o lv Go IR A 14 NTP Global Parameters Viro ONR T I A 15 Appendix B Site Manager Default Settings TIGE PS ENTERS rotes succ tbdamdick had fs add pied peditum dr andes ida vadit LO dd B 1 PIF ane NS Cicer i dei deseas talo eetrca E B 2 Teri a Ua ea ae bed acras pacts tees nice ae eee ane tect LB wien B 3 NITE Farmors ce Secrets eoriteccbte uisiondtu a daece edt asee aad donb tic tins Er dc p tnb EM EU Le Dl s cE nece dd B 4 Index 114071 Rev A Figures Figuie Sk TOP between IP and GIBIB u a ud rece Ep Uc rn eth e a ecce 2 6 Figure 2 2 FIP Glient and Server siena tank oc runner au ariana Ku rod Meee 2 8 Rowe 2 3 WSIS SEIN cR 2 11 Pie ee TNT CBT PR TENERETUR 2 12 Figure 2 5 Time Servers Forming a Synchronization Subnet 2 14 Figure 2 6 NTP Time Servers Operating in Unicast Client Mode 2 16 114071 Rev A xi Tables Table 2 1 TOP Reliability PESIUFOS cali aati d Ep UE red a ta e edge 2 3 Table 2 2 TOP
22. 7 A 8 Min Retransmission Timeout A 2 Technician Interface 2 11 Telnet 2 6 to 2 11 Telnet Client 2 6 parameter descriptions for A 14 to A 15 Telnet Client Global parameters Enable Disable A 14 A 15 Remote Port A 15 Verbose Debug Logging A 14 Telnet configuration parameters Force User Logout A 7 Manager s Login Script A 7 A 8 Telnet Server Global parameters Command Timeout A 10 Diagnostic Network Data A 11 Diagnostic Options A 12 Diagnostic Report A 11 Force User Logout A 13 Login Retries A 10 Login Timeout A 9 A 10 TI More A 9 User s Login Script A 13 Transmission Control Protocol See TCP W Window size for TCP 2 5 4 4 A 6 World Wide Web Bay Networks Home Page on xviii World Wide Web Bay Networks home page on XXV Index 2 114071 Rev A
23. Conneelohi Staes crassis E DE Rae a aes 2 4 Table 2 3 PUP Commands SUD CONES T 2 9 JablgB 1 IGP Configuration Parameters uiuo eee tenter st e entra Ehren B 1 Table B 2 FIPGoonligursuan Parameters iioii etes nitate ulpa blo pd botas iudi a etd Sde B 2 Table B 3 Telnet Server Configuration Parameters ssssseseess B 3 Table B 4 Telnet Client Configuration Parameters ssssseeses B 3 Table B 5 NE Contiguraudon PratielBlB uucenadiivceneadt oc aea B 4 114071 Rev A xii About This Guide This guide describes how to configure the following IP utilities for your network Transmission Control Protocol TCP File Transfer Protocol FTP Telnet and Network Time Protocol NTP If you are responsible for managing these utilities on Bay Networks routers or BNX platforms read this guide to see how to start up and customize these utilities on your network This guide offers A quick way to start TCP FTP Telnet and NTP using default parameter values supplied in the software Chapter 1 An overview and concepts behind TCP FTP Telnet and NTP to help you decide how to configure each protocol on your network Chapter 2 Instructions for customizing TCP Chapter 3 Instructions for customizing FTP Chapter 4 Instructions for customizing Telnet Chapter 5 Instructions for customizing NTP Chapter 6 Descriptions of TCP FTP Telnet and NTP parameters with inst
24. D at the login prompt By default the Technician Interface waits 1 minute before it disconnects the Telnet session if you fail to enter a login ID at the login prompt Site Manager Login Timeout min parameter page A 9 Changing the Password Timeout By changing the password timeout value you can determine the number of minutes that can elapse before the Technician Interface disconnects the Telnet session if you do not enter a password at the password prompt By default the Technician Interface waits 1 minute before it disconnects the Telnet session if you fail to enter a password at the password prompt Site Manager Password Timeout min parameter page A 10 Changing the Command Timeout By changing the command timeout you determine the number of minutes that can elapse before the Technician Interface disconnects the Telnet session if you do not enter a command at the command prompt The default value is 15 minutes Site Manager Command Timeout min parameter page A 10 Changing Login Retries By changing the login retries you can determine the maximum number of login attempts you can make before the Technician Interface disconnects the Telnet session The default value is three login attempts Site Manager Login Retries parameter page A 10 5 4 114071 Rev A Customizing Telnet Services Using Telnet Server Diagnostics This section describes how to configure Telnet
25. Descriptions Diagnostic Report Protocols Global Protocols Telnet Server Global Disable Enable Disable Specifies whether the Technician Interface displays a record of all processing operations Used for diagnostic purposes only Accept the default Disable This parameter is for field service personnel only 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 1 15 Diagnostic Exercise Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Telnet Server gt Global Disable Enable Disable Used for diagnostic purposes only Accept the default Disable This parameter is for field service personnel only 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 1 16 Diagnostic Network Data Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Telnet Server gt Global Disable Enable Disable Specifies whether the Technician Interface displays Telnet protocol information Used for diagnostic purposes only Accept the default Disable This parameter is for field service personnel only 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 1 17 114071 Rev A Configuring IP Utilities Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Diagnostic PTY Data Protocols Global Protocols Telnet Server Global Disable Enable Disable Specifies whether the Technician Interface displays pseudo terminal driver PTY information Use
26. FTP Site Manager creates FTP on the router 114071 Rev A 1 3 Configuring IP Utilities Deleting an FTP Server from the Router You can delete an FTP server from the router using Site Manager Site Manager Path From the Configuration Manager window select Protocols Global Protocols gt FTP gt Delete FTP Site Manager asks Do you really want to delete FTP Click on OK to delete FTP from the router Customizing FTP For information on modifying FTP default parameters to customize the way FTP runs on your router see Chapter 4 Starting Telnet This section describes how to get Telnet Client and Telnet Server running on a circuit and how to create and delete Telnet on a router It assumes you have read Configuring Routers Creating Telnet on the Router Before you can create Telnet on the router you must first configure TCP IP on a circuit For instructions on how to configure IP see Configuring IP on a Circuit For instructions on how to configure TCP see Starting TCP You can create a Telnet Client or Telnet Server using Site Manager Site Manager Path From the Configuration Manager window select Protocols Global Protocols Telnet Client Telnet Server gt Create Telnet Client Telnet Server For Telnet Server the Telnet Configuration window opens allowing you to edit Telnet Server global parameters 1 4 114071 Rev A Starting TCP FTP Telnet and NTP
27. Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Descriptions Source IP Address Select Protocols Global Protocols NTP Peers None Any valid IP address Allows you to specify a single Internet protocol address that NTP uses to override the source address of the interface from which the NTP packet is transmitted You use this parameter only when you want the time server to filter NTP packets based on IP source address We recommend using a circuitless IP address as the source IP address If you do not specify a source IP address NTP uses the IP address of the outbound router IP interface address Specify the source IP address of a time server in the Source IP Address selection box 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 17 3 1 7 Peer Preference Select Protocols gt Global Protocols gt NTP gt Peers No Yes No Allows you to specify which time server peer you want to be preferred by the NTP client When you select Yes the NTP client synchronizes its internal clock only preferred time servers peer using the decision criteria stratum setting closest and claimed higher precision 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 17 3 1 8 114071 Rev A Appendix B Site Manager Default Settings This appendix lists the Site Manager default settings for TCP FTP Telnet and NTP Use the Configuration Manager to edit any of the Site Manager default settings listed here TCP Parameters Table B 1 lists the default parameter settings for TCP
28. II transmission For non ASCII files specify Binary 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 10 1 7 114071 Rev A A 5 Configuring IP Utilities Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Range Function Instructions MIB Object ID Control Connection Protocols Global Protocols FTP Global Low Delay Normal Low Delay Specifies the Type of Service value that FTP inserts in IP datagrams on a control connection Choose the option that determines how the Internet transport layer handles datagrams on a control connection 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 10 1 8 Data Transfer Protocols Global Protocols FTP Global High Throughput Normal High Throughput Specifies the Type of Service value that FTP inserts in IP datagrams on a data transfer connection Choose the option that determines how the Internet transport layer handles datagrams on a data transfer connection 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 10 1 9 TCP Window Size Protocols gt Global Protocols gt FTP gt Global 16000 bytes 5000 to 64000 bytes Specifies the size of the windows used for TCP connections Determine the window size you require and specify the size in bytes 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 10 1 10 A 6 114071 Rev A Parameter Descriptions Telnet Configuration Parameters Parameter Path Default
29. P Concepts Hie at i AEE A E EAE AE E A E E E 2 1 uis EE Eo o NRI TEE a a aaa 2 2 TOFT OUS na 2 2 COMING CINCOM Wy POS anaia A R 2 4 Connections and Connection States 2 4 Ue guess rcr TL 2 5 TOP and IP Sorvice 310 DTE TEIL I A S 2 6 gl zbe cs N Reb CRM 2 7 nica abi Rr E 2 8 Telnet OVerVielli 2uiiioscsee aM ke bU RR ED E a qA SN UN QUR TURIS RUE APUL airia ARM PUO aM RUE eae 2 10 How Telnet Works T TOUT T ETT er sud 2 11 TONE Lu AMI I E UU IM I M m 2 11 i re NR UNTEN PER 2 12 IO CIS Mme EE 2 13 NTP ANOO UTO uiscera tren how E C CEP d n EE D aa 2 13 Distributing Time Throughout the NTP Network sssss E 2 14 Synchronizing with the Best Available Time Server sesssussss 2 15 MIP Oron Se ROI DULL 2 15 Unicast Ciloni MOGE M 2 15 Broadcast and Multicast Client Mode 1 inerat nnn ttn nnne annt iba nod 2 16 Uae IO GO NOT acouicecoevbor hires Cen snenreeren nnn Crert tre Cremrn rece Quiet Vara dvb t dk PT rtm neers ot 2 17 vi 114071 Rev A Chapter 3 Customizing TCP Services mers erret ique TOP o c ei EE E T E 3 2 Engl and EE SD TOP Lassen tad eran faeces Au pedit had bucks bit xe FRE End balla dora add 3 2 Setting Minimum Retransmission TIMEOUT 1e cetiseda ceri cnius ku oed es da cnin 3 2 Setting Maximum Retransmission eic te d ass ANa taeda an EE ria ded 3 3 Setting Maximum Window Size bytes
30. Server diagnostic parameters to customize the way the Technician Interface performs diagnostics on a router Field Service personnel use these features to troubleshoot problems Enabling Diagnostic Reporting This parameter allows field personnel to specify whether the Technician Interface displays a report that shows a record of all processing operations Site Manager Diagnostic Report parameter page A 11 Enabling Diagnostic Exercise This parameter allows field personnel to enable exercise diagnostics on the Telnet Server Site Manager Diagnostic Exercise parameter page A 11 Enabling Diagnostic Network Data This parameter allows you to specify whether you want the Technician Interface to display Telnet protocol information It is used for diagnostic purposes only by field service personnel Site Manager Diagnostic Network Data parameter page A 11 Enabling Diagnostic PTY Data This parameter lets you specify whether you want the Technician Interface to display pseudo terminal driver PTY information Site Manager Diagnostic PTY Data parameter page A 12 114071 Rev A 5 5 Configuring IP Utilities Enabling Diagnostic Options This parameter allows you to specify whether you want the Technician Interface to display information on Telnet options Site Manager Diagnostic Options parameter page A 12 Setting Technician Interface Login Scripts This se
31. VICE iiaiai ruinie ce ERE MP E QN ERR deiade as RAE xX Bay Networks Information Services ossidanti adien aad anaa aiia xxi RFQ WIN WES Het xxi G ctomer IT dee A xxi AP UM TUE N T T TENT AAT E Cn east dn sum Edu xxii ASAI SU Et xxii alte a TUS garini na a DH Do E c reer Hc a pa e cd bna errr vut a ttd Tee err rer xxiii How a Get Po ETE o o o E D S xxiii Chapter 1 Starting TCP FTP Telnet and NTP Prepaimg a ees te teg NETTE T 1 1 vex prie Igare IP on Fd rr erem MR T 1 2 IDEA eC TT T 1 2 Dreaung TOF DH S RODIE occidi Doria Eod po cul iab lw ede cudbv on tU dadiebe DU Rd nsdatudu SRI RR 1 2 Deleting TOP Tom the ROUGI ii qas tiasei iret idedt Fete de ipa ce bemin tasa f osn aN ctae t aii 1 3 Jed cen res ibt Ter TT pP 1 3 v ica amener Em 1 3 Grealing aa FTP Server on thie Router 2 e tr e ra es ciated 1 3 Deleting an FTP Server from the Router 2 cecceceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeecaeeesaeeeeessaes 1 4 wer crea P TE sirana a Ea A a aE 1 4 114071 Rev A V chat D RET TT 1 4 Gieating Toineton he ROUTEN RET andanan aaant aada 1 4 Deleting Telnet irom The OWI teer asa omiicer ieee 1 5 eV cela pe MI ME N ta reer ree fone reer eres 1 5 Star NTF consain EE E E E T edi E A E icri d E 1 5 Creating IN RTI RONGI ccosa aoa anaana 1 5 Deleting NTP fom the ROUET aiii scans cscs du annnka aighi anaa Exam aidade iaiia 1 6 Gustong IN ssia SIUE 1 6 Where lo GO NOI eme 1 6 Chapter 2 TCP FTP Telnet and NT
32. X computing platforms A Web links feature enables you to go directly from the CD to various Bay Networks Web pages CompuServe For assistance with noncritical network support issues Bay Networks Information Services maintain an active forum on CompusServe a global bulletin board system This forum provides file services technology conferences and a message section to get assistance from other users The message section is monitored by Bay Networks engineers who provide assistance wherever possible Customers and resellers holding Bay Networks service contracts also have access to special libraries for advanced levels of support documentation and software To take advantage of CompuServe s recently enhanced menu options the Bay Networks Forum has been re engineered to allow links to our Web sites and FTP sites We recommend the use of CompuServe Information Manager software to access these Bay Networks Information Services resources To open an account and receive a local dial up number in the United States call CompuServe at 1 800 524 3388 Outside of the United States call 1 614 529 1349 or your nearest CompuServe office Ask for Representative No 591 When you re on line with your CompuServe account you can reach us with the command GO BAYNET xxii 114071 Rev A InfoFACTS Technical Support and Online Services InfoFACTS is the Bay Networks free 24 hour fax on demand information service This automated system has lib
33. al Host Mode parameter page A 18 Specifying the Source IP Address The source IP address allows you to specify a single Internet protocol address that NTP uses to override the source address of the IP interface from which the NTP packet is transmitted You use this parameter only when you want the time server to filter NTP time stamps for the NTP client based on IP source address We recommend using a circuitless IP address as the source IP address You might also want to specify a source IP address when you have enabled security features on a time server and you want to restrict access to it Site Manager Source IP Address parameter page A 19 Specifying Peer Preference The Peer Preference parameter allows you to specify a list of time servers peers that are preferred by the NTP client above and beyond the criteria for selecting peers stratum setting closest and claimed higher precision By default the Peer Preference option value is set to No When this value is No the NTP client can synchronize its internal clock to the best time source using the NTP decision criteria for selecting time servers To enable Peer Preference for a time server you must change the Peer Preference option value to Yes When the value is Yes the NTP client synchronizes its internal clock to the preferred time server peer Site Manager Peer Preference parameter page A 19 6 4 114071 Rev A Customiz
34. as follows e Control connection the communication path between the FTP client and the FTP control server for the exchange of commands and replies used for sending a command request or response e Data connection a full duplex connection over which data is transferred in a specified mode and type between FTP client and FTP server The FTP client residing on the host and the FTP server residing on the router rely on the underlying support of TCP and IP for the reliable sequenced transfer of data and control messages Figure 2 2 Host Router FTP FTP Client Server Control connection cM gt Data connection TCP0002A Figure 2 2 FTP Client and Server 2 8 114071 Rev A TCP FTP Telnet and NTP Concepts Table 2 3 describes the FTP commands that the FTP server supports on Bay Networks routers Table 2 3 FTP Commands Supported Command Code Description Access Control Commands User Name USER Initiates an FTP session for the user Password PASS Specifies a user s encrypted identification for access control Logout QUIT Terminates the session and closes the control connection Transfer Parameter Commands Data Port PORT Specifies the data port to be used in the data connection Representation TYPE Specifies the data transfer type The server supports transfer Type of ASCII and image binary data Transfer Mode MODE Specifies the transfer mode The server supports
35. at login 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 1 23 114071 Rev A A 7 Configuring IP Utilities Telnet Server Global Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure the Telnet global parameters in the Edit Telnet Server Global Parameters window Enable Disable Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Telnet Server gt Global Disable Enable Disable Specifies whether Telnet is enabled for the IP router allowing you to establish incoming Telnet sessions to the Technician Interface Select Enable to enable Telnet for the IP router Select Disable to disable Telnet for the IP router 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 1 2 TI Lines per Screen Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Telnet Server gt Global 24 lines 1 through 24 lines Specifies the maximum number of lines displayed on the Telnet Technician Interface console screen The screen may override the number of lines you specify if Telnet can negotiate the window size with the remote client Set according to your console requirements 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 1 3 A 8 114071 Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Range Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instruct
36. ation Manager window Created FTP in the Configuration Manager window You can create and enable FTP easily by using all the default parameter values that the Configuration Manager supplies If you decide to change some or all of the default parameters refer to the instructions in this chapter For a list of FTP parameters see Appendix B Configuring the FTP Server on the Router The following section describes information you supply and options you select that affect the way the FTP server runs on the router 114071 Rev A 4 1 Configuring IP Utilities Enabling and Disabling an FTP Server After you create FTP on the router as described in Chapter 1 default values are in effect for all FTP parameters see parameter descriptions in Appendix A You may want to change these parameter values depending on the requirements of your network Site Manager Enable Disable parameter page A 4 Specifying the FTP Default Volume The FTP default volume is the file system volume to which FTP writes transferred files and from which FTP retrieves files for transfer To specify the FTP default volume you must specify a value between 1 and 13 for the file system volume On diskette based systems you must specify Volume A as the default volume Site Manager Default Volume parameter page A 4 Specifying Login Retries Value The FTP login retries value is the number of FTP login retries that FTP will accept bef
37. ave many clients on the network and only one server as broadcasting reduces overall traffic volume on the network 2 16 114071 Rev A TCP FTP Telnet and NTP Concepts Where to Go Next The following table shows you where to find additional information for configuring and customizing TCP FTP Telnet and NTP For information on Go to How to configure TCP services Chapter 3 How to configure FTP services Chapter 4 How to configure Telnet services Chapter 5 How to configure NTP services Chapter 6 TCP FTP Telnet and NTP parameter descriptions Appendix A TCP FTP Telnet and NTP parameter default values Appendix B 114071 Rev A 2 17 Chapter 3 Customizing TCP Services This chapter describes how to create and customize TCP services on the router It assumes you have configured TCP on the interface using the default parameters as described in Chapter 1 and that you understand the TCP concepts described in Chapter 2 You should have read Configuring Routers or Configuring Customer Access and Trunks BNX Software as appropriate for your platform and have performed the following tasks 1 Opened a configuration file in local or remote mode 2 Selected the appropriate router type specified a slot and selected the link or net module you want to insert in the slot if you are using a local mode configuration file 3 Configured IP on an interface using t
38. cal mode configuration file Configured IP on an interface using the default parameters as described in Chapter 1 Verified that the time servers that you want to configure on the network are reachable via IP To do this you must ping the IP address of the time server you want to configure If the server you want to configure is not on the local network you will need to configure the appropriate IP routing protocol such as RIP or OSPF For information on pinging a server or configuring routing protocols refer to Configuring IP Services Created NTP in the Configuration Manager window You can create and enable NTP easily by using all the default parameter values that the Configuration Manager supplies If you decide to change some or all of the default parameters refer to the instructions in this chapter For a list of NTP parameters see Appendix B 114071 Rev A 6 1 Configuring IP Utilities Configuring NTP on the Router The following sections describe information you supply and options you select that affect the way NTP runs on the router Enabling and Disabling NTP After you create NTP on the router as described in Chapter 1 default values are in effect for all NTP parameters see parameter descriptions in Appendix A You may want to change these values depending on the requirements of your network Site Manager Enable Disable parameter page A 15 Setting NTP Client Mode There are three modes i
39. clock s time to universal standard time Because NTP is unaware of the Greenwich mean time GMT time Zones you need to set the time zones using the date command from the Technician Interface NTP Architecture The NTP architecture model is based on a hierarchy consisting of an NTP client and primary and secondary time servers The NTP client is an internet device that receives time information from an NTP time server and synchronizes its internal clock to it The NTP client does not forward time information to other internet devices running NTP A primary time server is the authoritative time source in the hierarchy meaning that it is the one true time source to which the other NTP devices will synchronize their internal clocks Located at the root of the hierarchy the primary time server is synchronized by a wire or radio clock to universal standard time Secondary time servers synchronize with primary time servers or other secondary time servers to form a synchronization subnet Figure 2 5 Secondary time servers are located at successive levels from the primary time server based on timer accuracy and stratum level 114071 Rev A 2 13 Configuring IP Utilities Primary Stratum 1 server Secondary servers Padi Stratum 2 Stratum 3 TCP0007A Figure 2 5 Time Servers Forming a Synchronization Subnet Distributing Time Throughout the NTP Network Time is distributed through a hierarchy of NTP servers with each s
40. ction Instructions MIB Object ID Password Timeout min Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Telnet Server gt Global 1 minute 1 through 99 minutes 99 infinity Specifies the number of minutes that can elapse before the Technician Interface disconnects the Telnet session if you do not enter a password at the password prompt Accept the default value 1 minute or specify a different value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 1 7 Command Timeout min Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Telnet Server gt Global 15 minutes 1 through 99 minutes 99 infinity Specifies the number of minutes that can elapse before the Technician Interface disconnects the Telnet session if you do not enter a command at the command prompt Accept the default value 15 minutes or specify a different value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 1 8 Login Retries Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Telnet Server gt Global 3 login attempts 1 through 99 login attempts Specifies the maximum number of login attempts you can make before the Technician Interface disconnects the Telnet session Accept the default value 3 or specify a different value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 1 9 A 10 114071 Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter
41. ction describes the script files that run automatically when you log in These scripts determine values for the Manager s Login User s Login and Force User Logout You can accept the defaults or customize the scripts as needed Specifying a Filename for the Manager s Login Script By default the name of the Manager s script file is automgr bat You can specify a new name for the Manager s Login script by supplying an 8 character filename Site Manager Manager s Login Script parameter page A 12 Specifying a Filename for the User s Login Script By default the name of the User s Login script file is autouser bat You can specify a new name for the User s Login script file by supplying an 8 character filename If you do not want to change the name of the User s Login script accept the default name Site Manager User s Login Script parameter page A 7 Enabling and Disabling User Logout By default you can press control c to cancel the user autoscript at login and access the Technician Interface Site Manager Force User Logout parameter page A 7 5 6 114071 Rev A Customizing Telnet Services Changing the History File You can determine the maximum number of Technician Interface commands you want stored in the local command history table The table stores each command you enter at the Technician Interface prompt on a first in first out FIFO basis Site Manager TI History Depth pa
42. d for diagnostic purposes only Accept the default Disable This parameter is for field service personnel only 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 1 18 Diagnostic Options Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Telnet Server gt Global Disable Enable Disable Specifies whether the Technician Interface displays Telnet options information Used for diagnostic purposes only Accept the default Disable This parameter is for field service personnel only 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 1 19 Manager s Login Script Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Telnet Server gt Global automgr bat The name of the manager s login script file At login executes the manager s login script file automatically If you did not change the name of the manager s login script file accept the default Otherwise enter the new name must be eight characters or less 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 1 21 A 12 114071 Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Descriptions User s Login Script Protocols Global Protocols Telnet Server Global autouser bat The name of the user s login script file At login executes the user s login script file automatically If you did not change the name of the user s login script file accept t
43. disclosure are as set forth in the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52 227 19 Trademarks of Bay Networks Inc ACE AFN AN BCN BLN BN BNX CN FN FRE GAME LN Optivity PPX SynOptics SynOptics Communications Wellfleet and the Wellfleet logo are registered trademarks and ANH ASN BayeSIS BCNX BLNX EZ Install EZ Internetwork EZ LAN PathMan PhonePlus Quick2Config RouterMan SPEX Bay Networks Bay Networks Press the Bay Networks logo and the SynOptics logo are trademarks of Bay Networks Inc Third Party Trademarks All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design operational function and or reliability Bay Networks Inc reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice Bay Networks Inc does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product s or circuit layout s described herein Portions of the code in this software product are Copyright 1988 Regents of the University of California All rights reserved Redistribution and use in source and binary forms of such portions are permitted provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation advertising materials and other materials related to such distribution and use acknowledge t
44. e TI History Depth 20 commands Table B 4 Telnet Client Configuration Parameters Parameters Default Enable Disable Enable Verbose Debug Logging OFF Remote Port 23 Prompt None 114071 Rev A Configuring IP Utilities NTP Parameters Table B 5 lists the Site Manager default parameter settings for the Network Time Protocol NTP Table B 5 NTP Configuration Parameters Parameters Default Enable Disable Enable NTP Mode Unicast Client Create Delete Peer Create Configure Peer Mode Server Local Host Mode Client Source IP Address None Peer Preference No Access IP Address None Filter Type Restrict Access IP Mask None Peer IP Address None B 4 114071 Rev A A Acknowledgment with retransmission 2 3 Bay Networks CompuServe forum xvii xxvi Customer Service FTP xxv customer support xvii Home Page on World Wide Web xviii home page on World Wide Web xxv InfoFACTS service xviii xxvii publications ordering xx support programs xxiv Support Source CD xxvi Technical Response Center xviii xxiii xxvii technical support xxiii BGP parameters global BGP Identifier A 4 A 5 A 6 A 14 A 15 A 16 A 17 C Caching 2 3 Checksums 2 3 Clients 2 4 2 7 Command Timeout parameter A 10 CompuServe Bay Networks forum on xvii xxvi Connections 2 4 Customer Service FTP xxv customer support See getting help
45. efense Advanced Research Projects Agency DARPA of the U S Department of Defense DOD developed the Transmission Control Protocol TCP to provide communication among hosts manufactured by different vendors DARPA designed TCP to work within a layered hierarchy of networking protocols using the Internet Protocol IP to transfer data Built upon the IP layer suite TCP is a connection oriented end to end protocol that provides the packet sequencing error control and other services required to provide reliable end to end communications IP takes the packet from TCP and passes it along whatever gateways are needed for delivery to the remote TCP layer through the remote IP layer The Bay Networks implementation of TCP generally ensures good terminal server performance on slow speed links as well as high speed LAN links TCP Services are required to support upper layer protocols such as Telnet and FTP which are part of the TCP IP suite TCP does not require reliability of the communication protocols below itself Therefore TCP functions with lower level protocols that are simple potentially unreliable datagram services TCP uses IP for a lower level protocol 114071 Rev A 2 1 Configuring IP Utilities How TCP Works TCP is connection oriented Therefore before transferring data you must first establish a logical transport layer connection with a peer user To establish this connection TCP uses what is sometimes called a t
46. eneeeennen enn 5 7 Enabling Telnet Client on the IP Router T E equ d tbt OL em 5 7 Enabling Verbose Debug Logging issuer tort Y ertt n ie A 5 7 Chang ihe Remote POL eestor acces actitudes aaan cant iania aahidi uud 5 8 Chandmo the Command PESITIDE i deridet eire bloss i 5 8 Viera 13 GO TODO unrin itd Fn da ERR Et errr a e rM e E S erc tod 5 8 Chapter 6 Customizing NTP Services COMMU NTP on Te BOUE esi Ceca de Rer X Eee acc Pane ce de tea adstat 6 2 Enabling ano Disabiho NTP aassedo quiis dade usan raa iiaiai iaaa Paniki 6 2 SUID ATP COM WG sac e m 6 2 Contiguring Time Servers on 3 PODIBE c qe rec te RE ce RECIH eei Ra ER rn dines 6 2 Adding Time Servers TON up iad utut ncs EEEE uon d 6 3 Setting GONG Peer ModE Ree ER 6 3 xt ESAS DE siaii odan ian a Alen sad ike Ru EE bud 6 4 Specilying the Source IP AG ese qe 6 4 Speci yno Peet Presence wince acter Deci d e Madden d eR 6 4 Deleting Time Servers from a Router sssssssssseeeeeenen ennt 6 5 ves prt dere NTP ACCESS OMG e 6 5 Adding Access Control to a Time Server sssssssssseeeenn 6 5 engem alio mE OO IIo 1S 6 5 viii 114071 Rev A opscihving amt Soet MaSK arieenzntameasetiset tr n barcer ss ande pi Av cc RR ers e o cea 6 6 Deleting Access for a Time SOV VS Liuius easier ere a dade atat burro LOMA EOS dE e dd 6 6 Uice elt tell 2 lament etme e ent aliit la oos eM ineo Mee patei peer eran dien e nner rer 6
47. erver adopting a stratum which defines how many NTP hops away a particular secondary time server is from a primary time server on the network A stratum 1 time server has a wire or radio clock directly attached and is located at the top of the hierarchy or bottom depending on your point of view a stratum 2 time server receives its time via NTP from a stratum 1 time server a stratum 3 time server receives its time via NTP from a stratum 2 time server and so forth A time server running NTP automatically chooses as its time source the server with the lowest stratum number that it is configured to communicate with via NTP This strategy effectively builds a self organizing tree of NTP speakers The number of strata is limited to 15 to avoid long lived synchronization loops NTP tries not to synchronize to a server whose time might not be accurate It avoids doing this in two ways First NTP never synchronizes to a time server that is not in turn synchronized itself Second NTP compares the time reported by several servers and will not synchronize to a server whose time is markedly different from the others even if its stratum is lower 2 14 114071 Rev A TCP FTP Telnet and NTP Concepts Synchronizing with the Best Available Time Server Each NTP client in the synchronization subnet chooses the best available time server from which to synchronize its internal clock NTP uses the following criteria to d
48. ervers respond with various time stamps along with information about their clocks such as stratum precision and time reference Figure 2 6 The NTP client reviews a list of responses from all the available servers and chooses one server as the best available time source from which to synchronize its internal clock 114071 Rev A 2 15 Configuring IP Utilities A NTP clients 0 NTP time VUL Servers MH z Server A Server B Peer list C E TCP0006A Figure 2 6 NTP Time Servers Operating in Unicast Client Mode Broadcast and Multicast Client Mode In Broadcast Client and Multicast Client modes the NTP client receives NTP packets from every time server on the network provided the IP address of the NTP packet matches the IP broadcast address of the NTP client Once the NTP client receives NTP packets it applies rules based on the NTP protocol to select the time server with the greatest accuracy In Broadcast Client and Multicast Client modes you can restrict specific time servers from sending NTP packets to an NTP client by configuring access control filters You cannot however configure peers in either Broadcast Client or Multicast Client mode Broadcast Client mode and Multicast Client mode are useful when you h
49. es to ensure that data arrives at its destination uncorrupted and in the order sent Table 2 1 describes these features 2 2 114071 Rev A TCP FTP Telnet and NTP Concepts Table 2 1 TCP Reliability Features Feature Description Sequence TCP assigns a sequence number to each data segment it numbers transmits The receiving host uses the sequence numbers to make sure that all the data arrives in order TCP assigns sequence numbers on a per octet basis so the value in this field is actually the sequence number of the first octet of the user data Out of order As TCP receives data segments it puts them in sequential order caching and forwards them to the receiving TCP client If TCP fails to receive one or more segments and cannot complete the sequential ordering it stores the remaining segments in cache memory for as long as the TCP connection exists When TCP receives the missing segments it takes the stored segments from cache memory puts them into sequential order with the newly received segments and then forwards them to the receiving TCP client Out of order caching ensures that data arrives in the correct order while saving bandwidth and retransmission time Checksums To ensure the integrity of the data the sending host adds a checksum to each segment it transmits The receiving host recalculates the checksum and if there is damage discards the segment Flow control Flow control allows the receiving h
50. etermine the time server whose time is best Time server with the lowest stratum Time server closest in proximity to the primary time server reduces network delays Time server offering the highest claimed precision NTP prefers to have access to several at least three servers at the lower stratum level since it can apply an agreement algorithm to detect a problem on any part of the time source NTP Client Modes NTP provides three modes or associations in which servers and clients can communicate with each other Unicast Client mode Broadcast Client mode and Multicast Client mode Currently Bay Networks supports only NTP Client mode NTP servers and clients form an NTP relationship and maintain an association instance when they exchange messages Unicast Client Mode You use Unicast Client mode primarily to configure a set of time servers or peers for time synchronization You can also configure access control filters for time servers in Unicast Client mode but normally you would perform this operation in Broadcast Client or Multicast Client mode For more information on performing these tasks see Chapter 6 When you configure a set of time servers peers in Unicast Client mode NTP creates a peer list that includes each time server s IP address The NTP client uses the peer list to determine which time servers to query for time information When the NTP client queries the time servers from the peer list the time s
51. etting the parameter and the management information base MIB object ID The Technician Interface allows you to modify parameters by issuing set and commit commands with the MIB object ID This process is equivalent to modifying parameters using Site Manager For more information about using the Technician Interface to access the MIB refer to Using Technician Interface Software Caution The Technician Interface does not verify the validity of your parameter values Entering an invalid value can corrupt your configuration After you create TCP FTP Telnet and NTP you can edit the parameters for each of these protocols from the Configuration Manager window For instructions on accessing this window refer to Configuring Routers or Configuring Customer Access and Trunks BNX Software as appropriate for your platform 114071 Rev A A1 Configuring IP Utilities TCP Global Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure TCP global parameters in the Configuration Manager window Enable Disable Protocols gt Global Protocols gt TCP gt Global Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables TCP on the router Select Disable to disconnect from TCP Also you can select Disable if you do not need TCP but want to access previous TCP statistics
52. hat such portions of the software were developed by the University of California Berkeley The name of the University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from such portions of the software without specific prior written permission SUCH PORTIONS OF THE SOFTWARE ARE PROVIDED AS IS AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE In addition the program and information contained herein are licensed only pursuant to a license agreement that contains restrictions on use and disclosure that may incorporate by reference certain limitations and notices imposed by third parties ii 114071 Rev A Bay Networks Software License Note This is Bay Networks basic license document In the absence of a software license agreement specifying varying terms this license or the license included with the particular product shall govern licensee s use of Bay Networks software This Software License shall govern the licensing of all software provided to licensee by Bay Networks Software Bay Networks will provide licensee with Software in machine readable form and related documentation Documentation The Software provided under this license is proprietary to Bay Networks and to third parties from whom Bay Networks has acquired license rights Bay Networks will not grant any Software license whatsoever eithe
53. he default Otherwise enter the new name must be eight characters or less 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 1 22 Force User Logout Protocols Global Protocols Telnet Server Global Disable Enable Disable Specifies whether the user can press control c to cancel a user autoscript at login when a user autoscript is in effect Set the parameter to Enable to prevent using control c to cancel the user autoscript at login Set the parameter to Disable to allow the user to press control c to cancel the user autoscript at login 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 1 23 TI History Depth Protocols Global Protocols Telnet Server Global 20 1 to 40 commands Specifies the maximum number of Technician Interface commands stored in the local command history table The table stores each command you enter at the Technician Interface prompt on a first in first out FIFO basis Set the maximum number of commands that you want the router to store for subsequent recall with the Technician Interface history command 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 1 24 114071 Rev A Configuring IP Utilities Telnet Client Global Parameters Parameter Path Default Range Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure the global parameters in the Edit Telnet Client Global Parameters window Enable Disable Protocols Global Protoc
54. he default parameters as described in Chapter 1 4 Created TCP in the Configuration Manager window TCP is a global parameter You can create and enable TCP easily by using all the default parameter values that the Configuration Manager supplies If you decide to change some or all of the default parameters refer to the instructions in this chapter For a list of the TCP parameters see Appendix B 114071 Rev A 3 1 Configuring IP Utilities Configuring TCP on the Router The following sections describe information you supply and options you select that affect the way TCP runs on the router Enabling and Disabling TCP After you create TCP on the router as described in Chapter 1 TCP is enabled on the IP circuit that you configured and the default values are in effect for all TCP parameters see parameter descriptions in Appendix A You may want to change these values depending on the requirements of your network If you want to disable TCP select Disable Also you can select Disable if you do not need TCP but want to access previous TCP statistics Disable TCP is a global function When you disable TCP it is no longer available on all IP circuits Site Manager Enable Disable parameter page A 2 Setting Minimum Retransmission Timeout You can specify a minimum value for the retransmission timeout When one side of a TCP connection sends a frame and does not receive an acknowledgment from the other side of
55. he volume Directory Print Working PWD _ Causes the server to print its current working directory Directory Implementation specific FTP Commands Compact COMP Causes the server to compact the Flash card Use this command after the delete command or when the amount of contiguous space is low You can determine the amount of contiguous space on a router by using the dir command Telnet Overview Telnet is a virtual terminal protocol that is part of the TCP IP protocol suite It allows you to access any system on your network running the Telnet server software Accessing Telnet establishes a virtual connection between your terminal and the specified host Once you connect to a host through Telnet your terminal appears to be connected directly to that host Telnet offers three basic services e It defines a network virtual terminal that provides a standard interface to remote systems Clients do not have to understand the details of all possible remote systems they are built to use the standard interface e It allows client and server to negotiate options and it provides a set of standard options e It treats both ends of the connection symmetrically So instead of forcing the client side to connect to a user s terminal Telnet allows an arbitrary program to become a client Furthermore either end of the connection can negotiate options Telnet is used primarily to access the Technician Interface You ca
56. hree way handshake in which the initiating TCP sends a Protocol Data Unit PDU with a synchronize SYN bit set to 1 in its header The responding TCP then sends back a PDU with both the SYN bit and the Acknowledge ACK bit set and possibly some user data Time and if necessary retransmission are used to recover from PDUs lost in this process allowing each side to indicate its starting sequence number Because of the possibility of lost or delayed PDUs this three way exchange ensures that connections are established correctly Data transfer is straightforward and follows the procedures for flow control and acknowledgment TCP performs all acknowledgment and assigns all credits in terms of octets A credit of eight 8 then allows sending only 8 octets of data not 8 PDUs To release a connection one TCP sends a PDU with the FIN flag set and a sequence number one greater than that assigned to the last octet of the transmitted data Upon receipt of this PDU the responding TCP sends back a PDU carrying an ACK for the FIN s sequence number and a FIN of its own this ACK or FIN may appear in the same PDU or in different PDUs The TCP that sent the first FIN must respond with an ACK for this new FIN This rather complex procedure allows a graceful close ensuring that no data is lost during release of the connection TCP Features Since IP does not always guarantee reliable transfer of data TCP implements several reliability featur
57. ing NTP Services Deleting Time Servers from a Router When you delete a time server peer NTP deletes from the peer list the IP address of that time server Configuring NTP Access Control The access control feature allows you to selectively restrict NTP clients from receiving NTP time stamps from specific time servers on the network by filtering these time stamps The filter is based on the source IP address or an IP subnet address This is similar to an inbound filter that drops NTP packets based on source IP address and IP subnet mask Adding Access Control to a Time Server To restrict an NTP server from receiving time stamps from specific time servers you must specify the time server s IP address NTP adds the IP address of the time server to an access control list which the NTP client uses when querying time servers for time information You use access control in Broadcast Client and Multicast Client mode Site Manager Access IP Address parameter page A 16 Specifying a Filter Type By default the filter type is set to Restrict which tells NTP to drop specific NTP time stamps destined for an NTP client based on its source IP address and source subnet mask For example if you have ten time servers broadcasting to a router and you want to receive NTP time stamps from only three time servers you can restrict the other seven time servers When you set the Filter Type to Prefer NTP disables filtering on a specific
58. ions MIB Object ID Parameter Descriptions TI More Protocols Global Protocols Telnet Server Global Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether the Technician Interface pauses after each screen fills with data Select Enable to configure the Technician Interface to pause after each screen fills with data Select Disable to configure the Technician Interface not to pause after each screen fills with data 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 1 4 TI Prompt Protocols Global Protocols Telnet Server Global None 1 to 18 alphanumeric characters Specifies the character string used as the login prompt on the Telnet Technician Interface console screen Specify a character string Site Manager disconnects the current session if you modify the TI Prompt parameter 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 1 5 Login Timeout min Protocols Global Protocols Telnet Server Global minute 1 through 99 minutes 99 infinity Specifies the number of minutes that can elapse before the Technician Interface disconnects the Telnet session if you do not enter a login ID at the login prompt Accept the default value 1 minute or specify a different value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 1 6 114071 Rev A A 9 Configuring IP Utilities Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Range Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Fun
59. itiates the connection Once a connection has been created application programs can begin to pass data that is the programs at each end exchange messages that guarantee reliable delivery Connections and Connection States TCP establishes a set of access points referred to as ports for each host It associates each port with a network and host address to form a socket A pair of sockets together with sequence numbers window sizes and status information form a TCP connection Table 2 2 lists the states through which a TCP connection proceeds during its lifetime Table 2 2 TCP Connection States State Definition LISTEN 2 TCP listens for a connection request from any remote TCP SYN SENT 3 TCP sent a connection request SYN segment and waits for a matching connection request and acknowledgment from the remote TCP SYNRECEIVED 4 TCP sent a connection request received a matching request and waits for a confirming connection request acknowledgment from the remote TCP ESTABLISHED 5 Connection open Data can be received and sent This is the normal state for the data transfer phase of the connection FINWAIT 1 6 TCP waits for a connection termination request FIN segment from the remote TCP or for an acknowledgment of a previously sent connection termination request continued 2 4 114071 Rev A TCP FTP Telnet and NTP Concepts Table 2 2 TCP Connection States
60. iting of any such intended examination of the Software and Bay Networks may provide review and assistance Notwithstanding any foregoing terms to the contrary if licensee licenses the Bay Networks product Site Manager licensee may duplicate and install the Site Manager product as specified in the Documentation This right is granted solely as necessary for use of Site Manager on hardware installed with licensee s network This license will automatically terminate upon improper handling of Software such as by disclosure or Bay Networks may terminate this license by written notice to licensee if licensee fails to comply with any of the material provisions of this license and fails to cure such failure within thirty 30 days after the receipt of written notice from Bay Networks Upon termination of this license licensee shall discontinue all use of the Software and return the Software and Documentation including all copies to Bay Networks Licensee s obligations under this license shall survive expiration or termination of this license 114071 Rev A Contents Configuring IP Utilities About This Guide Bere TOU BOO tenrian iE deu Ple Redfo asas asian cin irt anaiai xvi popnli C PM Et xvi POI Vy IE o asc ta vobi da diete uc Mie led apa ais qu cie Uv na cea ce dig xvii Ordering Bay Networks Publications iced estre tanien ad eS RR Ned Rand Resa Rana a Au RR RdE xviii Technical Support and Online Services Bay NETWORKS Customer SE
61. l Protocols gt NTP gt Access None 0 0 0 0 or any valid IP address Specifies a IP subnet mask address to filter NTP time stamps based on a source subnet NTP drops all packets sent from a specific time server on a specified subnet Specify the IP subnet mask address of the filter in the IP Mask Selection box in the NTP Access Configuration window 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 17 2 1 4 114071 Rev A Configuring IP Utilities Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Configure Peer Mode Select Protocols Global Protocols NTP Peers Server Server only Specify the mode for the time server peer By default Config Peer Mode is set to Server To configure a time server peer click on Add Peer and specify the peer s IP address Bay Networks currently supports only the Server option 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 17 3 1 3 Local Host Mode Select Protocols Global Protocols NTP Peers Client Client Allows you to specify the local mode in which you want to configure the NTP client Currently Bay Networks supports only Unicast Client mode Specify Unicast Client mode in the Configuration Peer Mode selection box 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 17 3 1 5 A 18 114071 Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options
62. n execute Technician Interface commands from a remote host inbound Telnet or originate an outgoing Telnet session outbound Telnet to another Bay Networks router or network device that accepts Telnet You use outbound Telnet to access remote routers when Site Manager or Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP is unavailable 2 10 114071 Rev A TCP FTP Telnet and NTP Concepts To use Telnet to access the Technician Interface you must assign at least one IP address to the router The number of Telnet connections you can make to the Technician Interface is limited only by the availability of system resources that is system memory Note We recommend that you establish no more than one Telnet session per router How Telnet Works Before you can enable Telnet on the router you must first create TCP After you create TCP you can create Telnet Server and Telnet Client and modify their default parameters For information on creating TCP and modifying Telnet default parameters see Chapter 5 Telnet Server When you create a Telnet server the router accepts inbound requests from a Telnet client and establishes a Telnet session to the Technician Interface A PC with a network configuration can run a Telnet terminal emulation program to establish a remote session on a router Figure 2 3 In this case the PC is defined as a Telnet client and the router as a Telnet server TCP0001A Figure 2 3 Telnet Server
63. n which you can configure NTP Unicast Client Broadcast Client and Multicast Client By default NTP runs in Unicast Client mode Currently Bay Networks supports only Client mode You select Unicast Client mode when you want to configure peers You select Broadcast Client mode and Multicast Client mode when you want to configure access control filters to restrict certain peers from becoming time servers for an NTP client Site Manager NTP Mode parameter page A 16 Configuring Time Servers on a Router You can configure time servers peers for time synchronization in Unicast Client mode only Configuring a time server involves e Adding time servers e Specifying the configuration peer mode for the time server e Setting the mode of operation of the router e Specifying a source IP address e Specifying peer preference e Deleting peers 6 2 114071 Rev A Customizing NTP Services Adding Time Servers You can add time servers to a router by specifying the IP address of each time server peer NTP adds the IP address of the time server to a peer list which NTP uses when querying time servers for time information Bay Networks recommends that you configure a minimum of three upper stratum time servers peers for a router since it can apply an agreement algorithm to detect a problem on any part of the time source You can if necessary add a maximum of five time servers on a router Configuring multiple time se
64. nsmit and share information and to provide live around the clock support 365 days a year Bay Networks Information Services complement the Bay Networks Service program portfolio by giving customers and partners access to the most current technical and support information through a choice of access retrieval means These include the World Wide Web CompuServe Support Source CD Customer Support FTP and InfoFACTS document fax service 114071 Rev A xix Configuring IP Utilities Bay Networks Customer Service If you purchased your Bay Networks product from a distributor or authorized reseller contact that distributor s or reseller s technical support staff for assistance with installation configuration troubleshooting or integration issues Customers can also purchase direct support from Bay Networks through a variety of service programs As part of our PhonePlus program Bay Networks Service sets the industry standard with 24 hour 7 days a week telephone support available worldwide at no extra cost Our complete range of contract and noncontract services also includes equipment staging and integration installation support on site services and replacement parts delivery within approximately 4 hours To purchase any of the Bay Networks support programs or if you have questions on program features use the following numbers Region Telephone Number Fax Number United States and 1 800 2LANWAN enter Express R
65. ols Telnet Client Global Enable None Specifies whether the Telnet Client is enabled for the IP router allowing you to establish outbound Telnet sessions from the Technician Interface to another router or to a UNIX station that supports Telnet Select Enable to enable Telnet Client for the IP router or Disable to disable it 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 2 2 Verbose Debug Logging Protocols Global Protocols Telnet Client Global OFF ON OFF Specifies whether the Technician Interface displays the negotiation process between the Telnet Server and Telnet Client This parameter is for diagnostic use only Select ON to enable verbose debug logging or OFF to disable it 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 2 3 A 14 114071 Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Descriptions Remote Port Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Telnet Client gt Global 23 Any valid TCP port number Specifies the default remote Telnet Server s TCP port Enter the appropriate value for the default remote Telnet Server s TCP port 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 7 2 4 Prompt Protocols gt Global Protocols gt Telnet Client gt Global None Any text string less than 40 characters long Specifies the default Telnet Client command prompt Enter any text string less than 40 characters long for example Router1 1 3 6
66. ook titles Indicate the title of a chapter or section within a book Indicates data that appears on the screen Example Set Bay Networks Trap Monitor Filters xvi 114071 Rev A Acronyms separator gt vertical line I ARP ATM BGP BNX CMIP DARPA DLSw EGP FDDI FIFO FTP GMT IEEE ILI IP LAN MIB MAC NTP MOP About This Guide Separates menu and option names in instructions and internal pin to pin wire connections Example Protocols gt AppleTalk identifies the AppleTalk option in the Protocols menu Example Pin 7 19 20 Indicates that you enter only one of the parts of the command The vertical line separates choices Do not type the vertical line when entering the command Example If the command syntax is show at routes nets you enter either show at routes or show at nets but not both Address Resolution Protocol Asynchronous Transfer Mode Border Gateway Protocol Backbone Node Switch Common Management Information Protocol Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency formerly ARPA data link switching Exterior Gateway Protocol Fiber Distributed Data Interface first in first out File Transfer Protocol Greenwich Mean Time Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers Intelligent Link interface Internet Protocol local area network management information base media access control Network Time Protocol Maintenance Operations Protocol 114071 Rev A xvii
67. ore rejecting logins By default FTP accepts only three FTP login retries before rejecting subsequent logins Site Manager Login Retries parameter page A 4 4 2 114071 Rev A Customizing FTP Services Specifying Maximum FTP Idle Time The FTP idle time is the length of time in seconds that FTP waits before closing an idle FTP control connection You must determine the maximum idle time you want to allow and specify the time value in seconds By default FTP waits 900 seconds before closing an idle FTP control connection Site Manager Idle Time Out secs parameter page A 5 Specifying Maximum FTP Sessions You can determine the maximum number of FTP sessions you want to run simultaneously by specifying a value Determine the maximum number of simultaneous sessions you want to allow and specify a value from 1 through 10000 By default FTP allows you to run a maximum of three FTP sessions Site Manager Max Sessions parameter page A 5 Specifying the Data Transmission Type You can select the data transmission type by specifying either ASCII characters or binary Site Manager Type of Service parameter page A 5 Specifying the FTP Control Connection You can determine how the Internet transport layer handles datagrams on a control data connection by specifying the Type of Service value that FTP inserts in IP datagrams on a control connection Site Manager Con
68. ormed the following tasks 1 Opened a configuration file in local or remote mode 2 Selected the appropriate router type specified a slot and selected the link or net module that you want to insert in the slot if you are using a local mode configuration file 3 Configured IP on an interface using the default parameters as described in Chapter 1 4 Created TCP in the Configuration Manager window 5 Created Telnet Client or Telnet Server in the Configuration Manager window You can create and enable Telnet services easily by using all the default parameter values that the Configuration Manager supplies If you decide to change some or all of the default parameters refer to the instructions in this chapter For a list of Telnet parameters see Appendix B Configuring a Telnet Server on the Router After you create a Telnet Server on the router for inbound Telnet sessions as described in Chapter 2 default values are in effect for all TeInet Server parameters see parameter descriptions in Appendix A You may want to change these parameter values depending on the requirements of your network 114071 Rev A 5 1 Configuring IP Utilities The following sections describe information you supply and options you select that affect the way Telnet Server runs on the router Changing the Login Script Information The script files for the Manager s Login User s Login and Force User Logout run automatically when you log in Y
69. ost to regulate how much data is sent to it To activate flow control the receiving host advertises a window that indicates how much data it can accept When the transmit window is full the sending host must stop sending data until the receiving host can open the window again To control the rate of data transfer on your TCP connections you can specify the maximum window size allowed for each connection Acknowledgment TCP requires the receiving host to acknowledge that it has with received the data If the sending host does not receive an retransmission acknowledgment within a set timeout interval the sending station retransmits the data TCP determines the timeout interval by estimating the average time it takes to send a segment and receive an acknowledgment for it 114071 Rev A 2 3 Configuring IP Utilities Connection Types TCP is a connection oriented protocol that requires that application programs at both ends of the connection agree that a connection is desired before TCP traffic can pass across an internet To do so the application program at one end performs a passive open while the application program at the other end performs an active open For passive opens a TCP client the process or application program that uses TCP waits to accept incoming connection requests Clients using passive opens can listen for specific connection requests or for a range of inbound requests In an active open the client in
70. ou can accept the defaults or customize the scripts as needed Changing the Name of the Manager s Login Script File By default the name of the Manager s script file is automgr bat You can specify a new name for the Manager s Login script by supplying an 8 character filename If you do not want to change the name of the Manager s Login script accept the default name Site Manager Manager s Login Script parameter page A 12 Changing the Name of the User s Login Script File By default the name of the User s Login script file is autouser bat You can specify a new name for the User s Login script file by supplying an 8 character filename If you do not want to change the name of the User s Login script accept the default name Site Manager User s Login Script parameter page A 7 Enabling and Disabling User Logout By default you can press control c to cancel the user autoscript at login and access the Technician Interface When you select Enable you cannot use control c to cancel the user autoscript at login when a user autoscript is in effect Site Manager Force User Logout parameter page A 7 5 2 114071 Rev A Customizing Telnet Services Changing the Telnet Configuration on the Router This section describes how to customize your Telnet session on the router Enabling and Disabling Telnet for the IP Router You can enable or disable Telnet for the IP router By default Telnet
71. outing 508 670 8766 Canada Code ERC 290 when prompted 508 436 8880 direct Europe 33 92 968 300 33 92 968 301 Asia Pacific Region 612 9927 8800 612 9927 8811 Latin America 407 997 1713 407 997 1714 In addition you can receive information on support programs from your local Bay Networks field sales office or purchase Bay Networks support directly from your authorized partner XX 114071 Rev A Technical Support and Online Services Bay Networks Information Services Bay Networks Information Services provide up to date support information as a first line resource for network administration expansion and maintenance This information is available from a variety of sources World Wide Web The Bay Networks Customer Support Web Server offers a diverse library of technical documents software agents and other important technical information to Bay Networks customers and partners A special benefit for contracted customers and resellers is the ability to access the Web Server to perform Case Management This feature enables your support staff to interact directly with the network experts in our worldwide Technical Response Centers A registered contact with a valid Site ID can e View a listing of support cases and determine the current status of any open case Case history data includes severity designation and telephone e mail or other logs associated with the case e Customize the listing of ca
72. r explicitly or implicitly except by acceptance of an order for either Software or for a Bay Networks product Equipment that is packaged with Software Each such license is subject to the following restrictions 1 Upon delivery of the Software Bay Networks grants to licensee a personal nontransferable nonexclusive license to use the Software with the Equipment with which or for which it was originally acquired including use at any of licensee s facilities to which the Equipment may be transferred for the useful life of the Equipment unless earlier terminated by default or cancellation Use of the Software shall be limited to such Equipment and to such facility Software which is licensed for use on hardware not offered by Bay Networks is not subject to restricted use on any Equipment however unless otherwise specified on the Documentation each licensed copy of such Software may only be installed on one hardware item at any time Licensee may use the Software with backup Equipment only if the Equipment with which or for which it was acquired is inoperative Licensee may make a single copy of the Software but not firmware for safekeeping archives or backup purposes Licensee may modify Software but not firmware or combine it with other software subject to the provision that those portions of the resulting software which incorporate Software are subject to the restrictions of this license Licensee shall not make the resulting
73. rameter page A 13 Configuring the Telnet Client on the Router After you create a Telnet Client on the router for outbound Telnet sessions as described in Chapter 2 default values are in effect for all Telnet Client parameters see parameter descriptions in Appendix A You may want to change these parameter values depending on the requirements of your network The following section describe information you supply and options you select that affect the way Telnet Client runs on the router Enabling Telnet Client on the IP Router You can specify whether you want to enable or disable the Telnet Client for the IP router By default the Telnet Client on the IP router is enabled This establishes outbound Telnet sessions from the Technician Interface to another router or to a UNIX station that supports Telnet Select Disable to disable the Telnet Client on the IP router Site Manager Enable Disable parameter page A 14 Enabling Verbose Debug Logging You can specify whether you want the Technician Interface to enable or disable verbose debug logging When you enable this parameter you instruct the Technician Interface to display the negotiation process between the Telnet Server and Telnet Client By default verbose debug logging is off This parameter is for diagnostic use only Site Manager Verbose Debug Logging parameter page A 14 114071 Rev A 5 7 Configuring IP Utilities Changing the
74. raries of technical and product documents designed to help you manage and troubleshoot your Bay Networks products The system responds to a fax from the caller or to a third party within minutes of being accessed To use InfoFACTS in the United States or Canada call toll free 1 800 786 3228 Outside of North America toll calls can be made to 1 408 764 1002 In Europe toll free numbers are also available for contacting both InfoFACTS and CompuServe Please check our Web page for the listing in your country How to Get Help Use the following numbers to reach your Bay Networks Technical Response Center Technical Response Center Telephone Number Fax Number Billerica MA 1 800 2LANWAN 508 670 8765 Santa Clara CA 1 800 2LANWAN 408 764 1188 Valbonne France 33 92 968 968 Sydney Australia 612 9927 8800 612 9927 8811 Tokyo Japan 81 3 5402 0180 33 92 966 998 81 3 5402 0173 114071 Rev A xxiii Chapter 1 Starting TCP FTP Telnet and NTP TCP FTP Telnet and NTP are application protocols that support the Bay Networks implementation of IP You can easily start TCP FTP Telnet and NTP and configure them on a circuit using the default parameter values that Site Manager supplies After you have done that you can customize the configuration any way you like Chapter 2 TCP FTP Telnet and NTP Concepts looks at how the protocols wo
75. rk Chapters 3 through 6 describe how you configure these protocols by editing their default parameter values Preparing a Configuration File After you start Site Manager prepare a configuration file as follows 1 Select the Configuration Manager in either local remote or dynamic mode from the Tools menu 2 Open the configuration file in local or remote mode 3 Select the appropriate router type for example BLN 4 Specify the router hardware if you are using a local mode configuration file Specify an empty slot and select the link or net module connector you want to insert in the slot 114071 Rev A Configuring IP Utilities Configuring IP on a Circuit Before you can select TCP FTP Telnet and NTP to run on the router you must configure a circuit and add the IP protocol to it using the default values IP uses this circuit as an interface to the attached network For instructions on adding IP to a circuit refer to Configuring IP Services With these tasks completed you have a fully operational IP connection configured with the default values Starting TCP This section describes how to get TCP started on a circuit and how to create and delete TCP on a router It assumes you have read Configuring Routers Creating TCP on a Router To enable TCP on your router after you have configured IP on a circuit you can configure TCP services globally on the same circuit You configure TCP services globally u
76. ructions for editing Appendix A Default parameter settings Appendix B 114071 Rev A XV Configuring IP Utilities Before You Begin Before using this guide you must complete the following procedures e Create and save a configuration file that has at least one IP interface e Retrieve the configuration file in local remote or dynamic mode Refer to Configuring Routers or Configuring Customer Access and Trunks BNX Software depending on your platform for instructions on how to perform these functions Conventions angle brackets gt bold text brackets ellipsis points italic text quotation marks Screen text Indicate that you choose the text to enter based on the description inside the brackets Do not type the brackets when entering the command Example if command syntax is ping jp address you enter ping 192 32 10 12 Indicates text that you need to enter command names and buttons in menu paths Example Enter wfsm amp Example Use the dinfo command Example ATM DXI Interfaces PVCS identifies the PVCs button in the window that appears when you select the Interfaces option from the ATM DXI menu Indicate optional elements You can choose none one or all of the options Horizontal and vertical ellipsis points indicate omitted information Indicates variable values in command syntax descriptions new terms file and directory names and b
77. rvers ensures redundancy in case one peer goes down unexpectedly Site Manager Peer IP Address parameter page A 16 NTP queries all the time servers in the peer list for time information and then determines which server to synchronize its internal clock to based on the following criteria e Lowest stratum e Closest in proximity to the primary time server e Claimed highest precision When the NTP client queries the time servers from the peer list the servers respond with various time stamps along with information about their clocks such as stratum precision and time reference The NTP client reviews a list of responses from all the available servers and chooses one server as the best time source from which to synchronize its internal clock Setting Config Peer Mode The Config Peer Mode parameter allows you to specify the mode for the time server peer By default Config Peer Mode is set to Server indicating that the NTP client adjusts its clock to the given time server but does not attempt to adjust the time server s clock Currently Bay Networks supports only the Server option Site Manager Configure Peer Mode parameter page A 18 114071 Rev A 6 3 Configuring IP Utilities Setting Local Host Mode Local Host Mode indicates the mode of operation of the router NTP client By default the Local Host Mode is set to Client because only Unicast Client mode is supported Site Manager Loc
78. ses according to a variety of criteria including date severity status and case ID e Log notes to existing open cases e Create new cases for rapid efficient handling of noncritical network situations Communicate directly via e mail with the specific technical resources assigned to your case The Bay Networks URL is Attp www baynetworks com Customer Service is a menu item on that home page Customer Service FTP Accessible via URL ftp support baynetworks com 134 177 3 26 this site combines and organizes support files and documentation from across the Bay Networks product suite including switching products from our Centillion and Xylogics business units Central management and sponsorship of this FTP site lets you quickly locate information on any of your Bay Networks products 114071 Rev A xxi Configuring IP Utilities Support Source CD This CD ROM sent quarterly to all contracted customers is a complete Bay Networks Service troubleshooting knowledge database with an intelligent text search engine The Support Source CD contains extracts from our problem tracking database information from the Bay Networks Forum on CompuServe comprehensive technical documentation such as Customer Support Bulletins Release Notes software patches and fixes and complete information on all Bay Networks Service programs You can run a single version on Macintosh Windows 3 1 Windows 95 Windows NT DOS or UNI
79. sing Site Manager Site Manager Path From the Configuration Manager window select Protocols Global Protocols gt TCP gt Create TCP The Edit TCP Global Parameters window opens allowing you to edit the TCP global parameters 1 2 114071 Rev A Starting TCP FTP Telnet and NTP Deleting TCP from the Router Caution The system automatically deletes Telnet from the router when you delete TCP You can use Site Manager to delete TCP on your router Site Manager Path From the Configuration Manager window select Protocols Global Protocols TCP Delete TCP Click on OK in the Confirmation window Site Manager deletes TCP from the router Customizing TCP For information on modifying TCP default parameters to customize the way TCP runs on your router see Chapter 3 Starting FTP This section describes how to get an FTP server running on a circuit and how to create and delete an FTP server on a router It assumes you have read Configuring Routers Creating an FTP Server on the Router Before you can create an FTP server on your router you must first configure TCP and IP on a circuit For instructions on how to configure IP see Configuring IP on a Circuit For instructions on how to configure TCP see Starting TCP You can create an FTP server using Site Manager Site Manager Path From the Configuration Manager window select Protocols Global Protocols FTP Create
80. sion Control Protocol refer to Comer Douglas E Internetworking with TCP IP Volume I Principles Protocols and Architecture Englewood Cliffs New Jersey Prentice Hall Inc Second Edition 1991 114071 Rev A 3 3 Configuring IP Utilities Where to Go Next The following table shows you where to find additional information for configuring and customizing TCP FTP Telnet and NTP For information on Go to TCP Telnet FTP and NTP and how Bay Networks Chapter 2 implements these protocols How to configure FTP services Chapter 4 How to configure Telnet services Chapter 5 How to configure NTP services Chapter 6 TCP FTP Telnet and NTP parameter descriptions Appendix A TCP FTP Telnet and NTP parameter default values Appendix B 114071 Rev A Chapter 4 Customizing FTP Services This chapter describes how to create and customize FTP services on the router You should have read Configuring Routers or Configuring Customer Access and Trunks BNX Software as appropriate for your platform and have performed the following tasks 1 2 4 5 Opened a configuration file in local or remote mode Selected the appropriate router type specified a slot and selected the link or net module you want to insert in the slot if you are using a local mode configuration file Configured IP on an interface using the default parameters as described in Chapter 1 Created TCP in the Configur
81. the connection within the timeout period the sending station retransmits the frame If you are transmitting on a high speed network and you set the minimum retransmission timeout value too high network performance may degrade because TCP must wait for the timeout period to elapse before retransmitting unacknowledged data Site Manager Min Retransmission Timeout msec parameter page A 2 3 2 114071 Rev A Customizing TCP Services Setting Maximum Retransmission You can specify a maximum value for the retransmission timeout When one side of a TCP connection sends a frame and does not receive an acknowledgment from the other side of the connection within the timeout period the sending station retransmits the frame If you are transmitting on a low speed network and you set the maximum retransmission timeout value too low the network may become congested as TCP retransmits unacknowledged frames that have not yet reached their destination Setting Maximum Window Size bytes Site Manager Max Retransmission Timeout msec parameter page A 3 You can specify a value in bytes to determine the maximum transmit and receive window size that TCP allows for each connection The larger the window size the more memory each TCP connection consumes Site Manager Max Window Size bytes parameter page A 3 For More Information about TCP If you would like more information about the Transmis
82. time server s IP address or a range of time server s IP addresses Site Manager Filter Type parameter page A 17 114071 Rev A 6 5 Configuring IP Utilities Specifying an IP Subnet Mask You can specify a IP subnet mask address to filter NTP time stamps based on a source subnet Site Manager Access IP Mask parameter page A 17 Deleting Access for a Time Server When you delete access for a time server peer NTP removes from the access control list the IP address of the time server whose access you restricted Where to Go Next The following table shows you where to find additional information for configuring and customizing TCP FTP Telnet and NTP For information on Go to TCP FTP Telnet and NTP and how Bay Networks Chapter 2 implements these protocols How to configure TCP services Chapter 3 How to configure FTP services Chapter 4 How to configure Telnet services Chapter 5 TCP Telnet FTP and NTP parameter descriptions Appendix A TCP Telnet FTP and NTP parameter default values Appendix B 6 6 114071 Rev A Appendix A Parameter Descriptions This appendix provides information on how you can edit or customize the parameters for the TCP FTP Telnet and NTP interfaces you configure on the router For each parameter you configure this appendix provides the default setting all valid parameter options the parameter function instructions for s
83. too low the network may become congested as TCP retransmits unacknowledged frames that have not yet reached their destination 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 3 1 6 Max Window Size bytes Protocols Global Protocols TCP Global 4096 bytes 512 through 65535 bytes Sets the maximum transmit and receive window size that TCP allows for each connection Specify the window size The larger the window size the more memory each TCP connection consumes 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 3 1 18 114071 Rev A A 3 Configuring IP Utilities FTP Global Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Use the following guidelines to configure the parameters in the Edit FTP Global Parameters window Enable Disable Protocols Global Protocols FTP Global Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether the FTP subsystem is enabled or disabled Specify Disabled if you want to disable FTP on the router 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 10 1 2 Default Volume Protocols Global Protocols FTP Global Volume 2 Volume 1 to 13 Volume A Specifies the number of the file system volume to which FTP writes transferred files and from which FTP retrieves files for transfer On systems with a diskette specify Volume A 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 10 1
84. trol Connection parameter page A 6 114071 Rev A 4 3 Configuring IP Utilities Specifying a Data Transfer Value You can determine how the Internet transport layer handles datagrams on a data transfer connection by specifying a value that indicates the Type of Service that FTP inserts in IP datagrams on a data transfer connection Site Manager Data Transfer parameter page A 6 Specifying the TCP Window Size You can determine the size of the window you want to use for TCP connections by specifying its size in bytes Site Manager TCP Window Size parameter page A 6 Where to Go Next The following table shows you where to find additional information for configuring and customizing TCP FTP Telnet and NTP For information on Go to TCP FTP Telnet and NTP and how Bay Networks Chapter 2 implements these protocols How to configure TCP services Chapter 3 How to configure Telnet services Chapter 5 How to configure NTP services Chapter 6 TCP FTP Telnet and NTP parameter descriptions Appendix A TCP FTP Telnet and NTP parameter default values Appendix B 4 4 114071 Rev A Chapter 5 Customizing Telnet Services This chapter describes how to create and customize Telnet Server and Telnet Client on the router You should have read Configuring Routers or Configuring Customer Access and Trunks BNX Software as appropriate for your platform and have perf
85. vers for time information to determine the best time server to synchronize its internal clock Specify the IP address of the time server peer you want to configure in the NTP Peer Configuration window 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 17 3 1 6 Access IP Address Protocols gt Global Protocols gt NTP gt Access gt Add Access None 0 0 0 0 or any valid IP address Allows you to configure the source IP address of the time server whose access to the NTP client you want to restrict Enter the IP address of the time server whose access you want to restrict in the NTP Access Configuration window 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 17 2 1 3 A 16 114071 Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Descriptions Filter Type Protocols Global Protocols NTP Access Restrict Restrict Prefer Specifies that you want to restrict specific time servers from sending NTP packets to the NTP client The NTP client will filter packets from a time server whose IP address you have restricted based on its source IP address and source subnet mask Specify Restrict or Prefer in the Filter Type Selection box When you specify Prefer NTP disables filtering on a specific time server s IP address or a range time server s IP addresses 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 17 2 1 2 Access IP Mask Select Protocols gt Globa

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