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Avaya Configuring IP, ARP, RIP, and OSPF Services User's Manual

1. topics Topic Page Disabling and Reenabling Global IP 3 3 Configuring the Router for Not Forwarding Mode 3 4 Configuring Bridging on a Router in Not Forwarding Mode 3 6 Setting the Time to Live Value on a Source Packet 3 9 Allowing an All Zero or All One Subnet Address 3 10 Estimating the Size of the Routing Table 3 11 Using a Default Route for an Unknown Subnet 3 12 Specifying the Maximum Number of IP Policies 3 13 Disabling and Reenabling Route Filter Support 3 14 Configuring Equal Cost Multipath Support for RIP and OSPF 3 15 Customizing the IP Routing Table Structure 3 18 Specifying the Percentage of Buffers Available to ARP 3 19 3 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Disabling and Reenabling Global IP Configuring and Customizing IP IP is enabled on the slot by default You can disable and reenable IP as required Using the BCC To disable or reenable IP on the slot navigate to the IP global prompt for example box ip and enter state lt state gt state is one of the following enabled default disabled For example the following command disables IP on the router ip state disabled ip Using Site Manager To disable or reenable IP on the slot complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choos
2. LANC a LAN interface 2 LAN A m E m A B 1 i IPOOO8A Figure 3 1 IP Interface 3 20 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP When you configure an IP interface on a circuit the interface is enabled with default values for all interface parameters You customize an IP interface by modifying parameters as described under the following topics Topic Page Disabling and Reenabling an IP Interface 3 22 Specifying a Broadcast Address for an Interface 3 23 Specifying the Cost of an Interface 3 24 Enabling MTU Discovery on an Interface 3 26 Enabling and Disabling ICMP Address Mask Replies 3 27 Disabling and Reenabling ICMP Redirect Messages 3 29 Enabling All Subnet Broadcasting on an Interface 3 30 Disabling UDP Checksum Processing on an Interface 331 Specifying a MAC Address or E 164 Address 3 33 Enabling Source Routing over a Token Ring Network 3 34 Configuring the MTU for an IP Interface 3 37 Configuring an SMDS Address 3 38 Configuring a WAN Address for a Frame Relay Network 3 39 Specifying the Maximum Size of the Forwarding Table 3 40 Configuring an Interface for an ATM Logical IP Subnet 3 42 Deleting IP from an Interface 3 45 Note When you reconfigure an interface in dynamic mode IP restarts on that interface Thus if the interface you reconfigure is the interface that support
3. 5 24 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing RIP Services Defining a RIP Accept Policy To define a new RIP accept policy you must do the following e Supply a name for the policy e Specify whether RIP accepts or ignores an update that matches the policy e Rank the policy according to preference precedence and other criteria You can use the BCC or Site Manager to define a RIP accept policy Using the BCC To define a new policy navigate to the RIP global prompt for example box ip rip and enter accept lt policy_name gt policy_name is a unique name for the RIP accept policy A policy specific prompt appears indicating that the BCC has created the policy using default values for all parameters For example the following command creates an accept policy named pol_1 rip accept pol_1 accept pol_1 rip To customize the default values for a policy enter lt parameter gt lt value gt parameter value is one of the parameter value pairs listed in Table 5 1 308627 14 00 Rev 00 5 25 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Table 5 1 BCC Definition Parameters for RIP Accept Policies Parameter Values Function state enabled default Enables and disables the policy that you disabled created action ignore default Specifies whether the protocol ignores a route accept that matches the policy or forwards the route to the routing table manager preference 1 default to 1
4. ccscecsceeeceeeeeeeeeeseeeeseeeeseeeeneetaes 3 33 Enabling Source Routing over a Token Ring Network 006 Dna nno 3 34 Configuring the MTU for an IP Interface aenousssrunnsnisniiniamnnann OOD Configuring an SMDS Address sarisini onian Eao aa aaa iA 3 38 Configuring a WAN Address for a Frame Relay Network sessur 3 39 Specifying the Maximum Size of the Forwarding Table a se 3 40 Configuring an Interface for an ATM Logical IP Subnet naom ia 3 42 Deleting IF from an Merate coiciacscacececccarepiacetanndacedemmiececenamesedataseerccecanieeececonies 3 45 Configuring an Adjacent Host Address essuisannuviisrrinysraainiinsniannunii iaaio inanakan 3 46 Defining a Static Route 0 0 0 0 cesses T ere Nonnus er behest T ee 3 49 Defining a Static Default Bubs CeCe TTT aT TAT MVC TTT Tee NT E Te eee 3 53 Defining a Static Black Hole for a Supe rnet 0 eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeecneeeeeenaetereeaeeeeseaee 3 53 Configuring and Customizing Router Distovery sicccccccccssccssterancccmesctccnininenccssencetemuande 3 54 Enabling and Disabling Router DISCOVETY isss issisririsssisn aa Oo Choosing a Broadcast Type ciicsciscsiscseccacsacconessteesseenetens PT T boetan eaea 3 56 Specifying the Time Interval Between Aeitsehient ee E 3 57 Configuring the Lifetime of Advertised Addresses ccccceseeesceeeeeeeteeeseeeneeeeaes 3 58 Specifying Interface Preference P E EE E EE E E nao PEER 3 59 308627 14 00 Rev 00
5. 255 255 255 0 Router C AS IP OSPF Configuration IP0004A E 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 IP OSPF Configuration Example Tables E 1 through E 6 list nondefault configuration parameters for router 1 through router 6 Parameters that are not shown are set at their default values Table E 1 Internal Backbone Router 1 Site Manager Window Parameter Setting Interface F31 IP Configuration IP Address 128 10 2 1 IP Configuration Mask 255 255 255 248 OSPF Global Rtr ID 128 10 2 1 OSPF Area Area 0 0 0 0 OSPF Interface Broadcast Type Broadcast Interface E21 IP Configuration IP Address 128 10 2 65 IP Configuration Mask 255 255 255 192 OSPF Area Area 0 0 0 0 OSPF Interface Broadcast Type Broadcast 308627 14 00 Rev 00 E 3 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Table E 2 Area Border Router 2 Site Manager Window Parameter Setting Interface F31 OSPF Interface Ritr Priority IP Configuration IP Address 128 10 2 2 IP Configuration Mask 255 255 255 248 OSPF Global Rtr ID 128 10 2 2 OSPF Area Area 0 0 0 0 OSPF Interface Broadcast Type Broadcast 2 or greater Interface E21 IP Configuration IP Address 128 10 3 2 IP Configuration Mask 255 255 255 0 OSPF Area Area 0 0 0 1 OSPF Interface Broadcast Type Broadcast Interface S21 WAN Protoc
6. 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 5 16 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing RIP Services Listening for a Default Route By default RIP ignores inbound advertisements of a default route 0 0 0 0 on the interfaces where it is configured You can use the BCC or Site Manager to configure RIP to listen for a default route and add that information to its internal routing table Using the BCC To specify whether RIP listens for the default route navigate to a RIP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 rip and enter default listen lt action gt action is one of the following enabled disabled default For example the following command causes RIP to listen for a default route on IP interface 2 2 2 2 rip 2 2 2 2 default listen enabled rip 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To specify whether RIP listens for the default route complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose RIP Interfaces The IP RIP Interface Configuration window opens 4 Click on the RIP interface that you want to The parameter values for that interface edit appear in the IP RIP Interface Configuration window continued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 5 17
7. 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Authenticating the Password on a Version 2 Update By default RIP running in Version 2 mode does not authenticate the password on incoming updates RIP checks for the presence of a password as follows e If no password is present RIP accepts the update e Ifa password is present RIP drops the update With authentication enabled RIP drops all received Version 1 updates and processes Version 2 updates in the following manner e If no password is present in the Version 2 update RIP drops the update e If a password is present in the Version 2 update and that password is valid RIP accepts the update e If the password is invalid RIP drops the update You can use the BCC or Site Manager to configure a RIP interface for authentication and enable password checking If you configure authentication on a RIP interface you can assign the interface a 1 to 16 character password Using the BCC To configure authentication for RIP Version 2 navigate to a RIP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 rip and enter authentication type lt type gt type is one of the following none default simple 5 6 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing RIP Services To specify a password enter authentication lt password gt For example the following command sequence enables authentication and sets
8. You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Interfaces The OSPF Interfaces window opens 5 Click on the OSPF interface that you want The parameter values for that interface to modify appear in the OSPF Interfaces window 6 Set the Enable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 42 7 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 19 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Configuring an Area ID In an AS that contains multiple areas each OSPF interface is configured with the ID of the area to which it is connected You supply an area ID when you add OSPF to the interface You can use the BCC or Site Manager to assign a different area ID to the interface Using the BCC To change an area ID navigate to the OSPF interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 ospf and enter area lt area_id gt area_id is an area identifier in dotted decimal format For example the following command assigns area ID 0 0 0 2 to interface 2 2 2 2 This means that interface 2 2 2 2 connects the router to a network in OSPF area 0 0 0 2 ospf 2 2 2 2 area 0 0 0 2 ospf 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To change an area ID for an
9. cccccecseeeeeseseeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeees 1 14 Ar PS Ne ciate dts tin tranah oh A enema Sonatas 1 14 Neighbor ACICORICIES csccsntcncccstentacsacusntienndasnndeacatumentenrssieesonsdaeepncnaeneiebcandianenedaneess 1 14 Dos nea ROU Leesa aananddyaasannuies asddanne yaa aden aaasnnit sandman aandeelnaaampnaaeeaaNaS 1 15 OSPF Areas Oret Orne eee Reeeinis ornes A A 1 16 Eea e E T A E E E E E nee aiav ders 1 17 Not S Stubby Area NGSAJ sewuiion nieniu aenniei anadi naana 1 17 OSPF RS KORS senma outed eae 1 18 AS Eel ROUES uneia A E AA 1 18 OSPF inpenematon Noles sesini asiaani aankan aae kai 1 19 Router Discovery FrolOCOl ccesssetredesssetacsvenwercctevandeccsdessevenevesinpr deveomnetaatiaeiventeaiyaneieasey 1 20 308627 14 00 Rev 00 V Route Weights 008 E T a aoa ET ETT eens E aise 1 21 IP Routing Folicies and FINGIS sssccsccecisetaccscsscthanecestereccaesleptccressmdacreieptbeeeshmcaieeaeeauieaen 1 22 How OSPF Implements Routing Policies c ceecceeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeee 1 25 P Tamne PS panpan aaa aaa T E P E E E E T ere 1 26 Chapter 2 Starting IP Services Using the BCC ee rere seaman oai Soreni iran S nRa mets Sn 2 2 SUM E aia ra ari 2 2 Step 1 Configuring a Physical Interface sisiiesosnrensunninnnin ianiai 2 2 Step 2 Conigunng SIP WONG aes cccasssncardeacsnpaiaddsenccvaieretsanscaetinrsicsmuniacens 2 3 SUMO TAP ria A A era 2 3 FS Sd ite rca tiaras E E Say ea hyena inane Sota A
10. 1 20 308627 14 00 Rev 00 IP Concepts Terminology and Features Route Weights Route weight calculation is an internal tool that IP uses to facilitate the selection of the best route among alternative routes to the same destination Route selection criteria are encoded into the route weight in a way that allows IP to compare routes simply by comparing their weight values regardless of route sources Appendix D contains a worksheet that you can use to calculate route weights in your configuration Route weight calculation increases the efficiency of the route selection process It also reduces the size of the routing database because all route selection parameters for each route are encoded in a single integer the weight value rather than stored in separate variables Using selection criteria encoded in the route weight IP chooses routes in the following order 1 The route with the highest preference value see Route Preferences on page 1 20 A direct route with the lowest metric An OSPF intra area route with the lowest metric An OSPF interarea route with the lowest metric An OSPF type 1 external route with the lowest metric A BGP route with the highest LOCAL_PREF value A RIP route with the lowest metric An EGP route with the lowest metric SO a ee ONY SO RT A static route with the lowest metric Note If OSPF is configured to propagate external routes using the route weight as the type 2 metric rou
11. 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 41 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Disabling and Reenabling an Area When you define an OSPF area the area is automatically enabled You can use the BCC or Site Manager to disable and reenable the area Using the BCC To disable or reenable an area navigate to an OSPF area prompt for example box ip ospf area 0 0 0 1 and enter state lt state gt state is either enabled default disabled For example this command disables area 0 0 0 1 area 0 0 0 1 state disabled area 0 0 0 1 Using Site Manager To disable or reenable an OSPF area complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Areas The OSPF Areas window opens 5 Click on the area that you want to edit The parameter values for that area appear in the OSPF Areas window 6 Set the Enable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 51 7 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 6 42 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Configuring Authentication OSPF provides a measure of security for an area through the use of passwords If an area is configured to use a
12. A complete supernet address consists of an address mask pair e address is the first 32 bit IP address in the contiguous block In this example the address is 11000000 00100000 00000000 00000000 192 32 0 0 in dotted decimal notation e maskis a 32 bit string containing a set bit for each bit position in the supernet part of the address The mask for the supernet address in this example is 11111111 11111111 11111000 00000000 255 255 248 0 in dotted decimal notation The complete supernet address in this example is 192 32 0 0 255 255 248 0 308627 14 00 Rev 00 1 7 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Classless Interdomain Routing Classless interdomain routing CIDR is an addressing scheme that employs supernet addresses to represent multiple IP destinations Rather than advertise a separate route for each destination in a supernet a router can use a supernet address to advertise a single route called an aggregate route that represents all of the destinations CIDR reduces the size of the routing tables used to store advertised IP routes OSPF supports classless routing within a domain Autonomous Systems LANs and WANs interconnected by IP routers form a group of networks called an internetwork For administrative purposes an internetwork is divided into autonomous systems An autonomous system AS is simply a collection of routers called gateways in IP terminology and hosts Figure 1 3 depicts a sa
13. D 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Route Weight Worksheet 6 Multiply the value associated with the route by the following decimal or hexadecimal value 2097152 x or 0x200000 x 7 Select one route from the following list and calculate the associated value using the formulas supplied Direct OSPF interface OSPF interface metric 0 OSPF imported OSPF TOS 0 Metric BGP 3 imported Calculate a decimal or hexadecimal value using one of the following formulas 8192 16 BGP3 Import BGP3 Preference IGP Origin 0 4096 AS Weighted Path Length lt 4095 AS Weighted Path Length 4095 or 0x2000 16 BGP3 Import BGP3 Preference IGP Origin 0 0x1000 AS Weighted Path Length lt OxOfff AS Weighted Path Length OxOfff BGP 4 imported Calculate a decimal or hexadecimal value using one of the following formulas 8192 16 BGP4 Import BGP4 Preference IGP Origin 0 4096 AS Weighted Path Length lt 4095 AS Weighted Path Length 4095 or 0x2000 16 BGP4 Import BGP4 Preference IGP Origin 0 0x1000 AS Weighted Path Length lt OxOfff AS Weighted Path Length OxOfff 308627 14 00 Rev 00 D 3 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services IBGP imported Calculate a decimal or hexadecimal value using one of the following formulas 8192 16 BGP4 Import BGP3 Preference Local Pref lt 8191 8191 Local Pref 0 or
14. Each time that a routing update arrives from a remote router the following steps occur see Figure 1 8 1 The protocol receiving the route consults an accept policy to determine whether to forward the route to the IP routing table manager or drop the route 2 Ifthe protocol forwards the route the routing table manager determines whether to inject the route into the routing table Accept Announce policy policy Routing table manager Routing table IP0036A Figure 1 8 Accept and Announce Policies 1 24 308627 14 00 Rev 00 IP Concepts Terminology and Features Periodically the routing table manager announces routes to other routers in the network as follows 1 The routing table manager forwards a route for advertisement to the protocol 2 The protocol consults an announce policy to determine whether or not to advertise the route to the network For instructions on configuring RIP policies see Configuring RIP Accept and Announce Policies on page 5 24 For descriptions of IP import and export filter parameters see Appendix C How OSPF Implements Routing Policies The way OSPF applies accept and announce policies to routing information differs in several ways from the procedure shown in Figure 1 7 OSPF link state advertisements LSAs are received and placed in the link state database LSDB of the router The information in the LSDB is also propagated to other routers in the OSPF r
15. Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Received OSPF Tag Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Announce Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies An empty list A list of tag values Specifies tag values that could be present in an OSPF ASE advertisement This policy applies to OSPF ASE advertisements that contain tag values in this list and applies only to OSPF sourced ASE routes when OSPF is included as a route source Specify one or more tag values Use the default empty list to indicate that this policy applies to OSPF ASEs with any tag value RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 15 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 15 From EGP Peer Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Announce Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies An empty list A list of IP addresses Specifies the IP address of one or more EGP peers This policy applies to EGP advertisements authored by a router on this list and applies only to EGP source routes when EGP is included as a route source Specify one or more IP addresses Use the default empty list to indicate that this policy applies to EGP advertisements from any router RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 16 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 16 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Paramet
16. Primary Log Mask Backup Log Mask Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 40 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Configuring External Route Preference By default when OSPF receives multiple AS external LSAs for the same destination OSPF applies the preference rules specified by RFC 1583 superseded by RFC 2178 You can use Site Manager to configure OSPF to apply the preference rules specified by RFC 2178 These rules are designed to prevent routing loops when AS external LSAs for the same destination originate from different areas Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The IP menu opens The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Global The Edit OSPF Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the RFC 1583 Compatibility Enable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 42 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Customizing OSPF on an IP Interface When you add OSPF to an IP interface OSPF is configured on the interface with default values for all interface parameters You customize OSPF on the interface by modifying values as described under the follo
17. Table 3 2 Learning Bridge Support for Host Only Mode continued Bridge Configuration Support Bay gt PPPttt gt Bay Not supported Bay gt Eth gt Bay gt Eth gt ES 4 Supported Bay gt Token gt Bay gt Eth gt ES Not supported Bay gt FDDI gt Bay gt Eth gt ES Supported Bay gt PTP gt Bay gt Eth gt ES Supported Bay gt FR gt Bay gt Eth gt ES Not supported Bay gt SMDS gt Bay gt Eth gt ES Not supported Bay gt PPP gt Bay gt Eth gt ES Not supported ES gt Eth gt Bay gt Eth gt Bay Supported ES gt Eth gt Bay gt Token gt Bay Not supported ES gt Eth gt Bay gt FDDI gt Bay Supported ES gt Eth gt Bay gt PTP gt Bay Supported ES gt Eth gt Bay gt FR gt Bay Not supported ES gt Eth gt Bay gt SMDS gt Bay Not supported ES gt Eth gt Bay gt PPP gt Bay Not supported ES gt Eth gt Bay gt Eth gt Bay gt Eth gt ES Supported ES gt Eth gt Bay gt Token gt Bay gt Eth gt ES Supported ES gt Eth gt Bay gt FDDI gt Bay gt Eth gt ES Supported ES gt Eth gt Bay gt PTP gt Bay gt Eth gt ES Supported ES gt Eth gt Bay gt FR gt Bay gt Eth gt ES Supported ES gt Eth gt Bay gt SMDS gt Bay gt Eth gt ES Supported ES gt Eth gt Bay gt PPP gt Bay gt Eth gt ES Supported Nortel Networks router with bridge and IP in host only mode t Ethernet connection Token ring connection FDDI
18. angle brackets lt gt Indicate that you choose the text to enter based on the description inside the brackets Do not type the brackets when entering the command Example If the command syntax is ping lt p_address gt you enter ping 192 32 10 12 bold text Indicates command names and options and text that you need to enter Example Enter show ip alerts routes Example Use the dinfo command braces Indicate required elements in syntax descriptions where there is more than one option You must choose only one of the options Do not type the braces when entering the command Example If the command syntax is show ip alerts routes you must enter either show ip alerts or show ip routes but not both brackets Indicate optional elements in syntax descriptions Do not type the brackets when entering the command Example If the command syntax is show ip interfaces alerts you can enter either show ip interfaces or show ip interfaces alerts ellipsis points Indicate that you repeat the last element of the command as needed Example If the command syntax is ethernet 2 1 lt parameter gt lt value gt you enter ethernet 2 1 and as many parameter value pairs as needed xviii 308627 14 00 Rev 00 italic text screen text separator gt vertical line Acronyms Preface Indicates file and directory names new terms book titles and variables
19. host cache aging lt action gt action is one of the following cache off default cache120 cache180 cache240 cache300 cache600 cache900 cache1200 For example the following command causes IP to time out entries from the address resolution cache on IP interface 2 2 2 2 after 300 seconds ip 2 2 2 2 host cache aging cache300 ip 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To enable or disable the ARP cache timeout feature complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Interfaces The IP Interface List window opens 4 Click on the interface that you want to edit Site Manager displays the parameter values for that interface in the IP Interface List window continued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 4 11 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this 5 Set the Host Cache parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 8 System responds 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Customizing RARP You can customize the Reverse Address Resolution Protocol RARP by setting parameters as described under the following topics Topic Page Disabling and Enabling RARP
20. 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Import and Export Route Filters Import Apply Mask Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt RIP gt Import Filters 0 0 0 0 Any IP address mask Specifies a mask that will override the interface s subnet mask in the presence of networks with variable length subnet masks Supply a mask set the Action parameter to Accept and use the default Network parameter an empty list If you specify a mask of 0 0 0 0 the router determines which mask to apply For example if the network in the update is a subnet of the same network as the receiving interface the router applies the mask of the receiving interface If the network in the update is a subnet of a different natural network the router applies the natural mask of that network 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 8 1 9 RIP Export Filters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Export Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt RIP gt Export Filters 0 0 0 0 Any IP network address Identifies by IP address the network to which this filter applies If set to 0 0 0 0 the filter applies to all networks Enter the appropriate IP address in dotted decimal notation 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 9 1 3 308627 14 00 Rev 00 C 5 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services P
21. 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Site Manager Parameters OSPF Area Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID OSPF Area Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Areas gt Add 0 0 0 0 Any four octet number in dotted decimal notation Identifies the OSPF area Enter the appropriate area ID in dotted decimal notation 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 1 1 Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Areas Enable Enable Disable Allows you to enable and disable this area This parameter is useful if you want to temporarily disable an area rather than delete it Set this parameter to Disable if you want to disable this area Set this parameter to Enable if you previously disabled the area and now want to reenable it This action will cause OSPF to restart 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 1 2 Authentication Type Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Areas None None Simplepassword Enables or disables password authentication for the area If you select Simplepassword enabling password authentication only those routers that share the correct password will be able to communicate with each other If you accept the default None password authenticati
22. Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPFE gt Virtual Interfaces 1 second 1 to 360 seconds Indicates the estimated number of seconds it takes to transmit a link state update packet over this interface Either accept the default value of 1 second or enter a new value from 1 to 360 seconds 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 7 1 6 Retransmit Interval Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Virtual Interfaces 5 seconds 1 to 360 seconds Indicates the number of seconds between link state advertisement retransmissions for adjacencies belonging to this interface This value is also used when retransmitting database description and link state request packets This value should be well over the expected round trip time Although the default value is 5 Nortel Networks suggests the following values for this parameter for broadcast 10 seconds for point to point 15 seconds for NBMA 15 seconds for point to multipoint 15 seconds Either accept the default value of 5 seconds or set the retransmit interval to some other value from 1 to 360 seconds 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 7 1 7 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Hello Interval Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Virtual Interface
23. Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Using Site Manager To specify the preference value of the address as a default router address complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Router Discovery The IP Router Discovery window opens 4 Set the Interface Preference parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 34 5 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 3 60 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Chapter 4 Customizing ARP and RARP Services You can customize the Address Resolution Protocol ARP and Reverse Address Resolution Protocol RARP by setting parameters as described in the following sections Topic Page Customizing ARP 4 2 Customizing RARP 12 308627 14 00 Rev 00 4 1 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Customizing ARP You can customize the Address Resolution Protocol ARP by setting parameters as described under the following topics Topic Page Enabling and Disabling Global ARP 4 2 Customizing Global ARP 4 3 Selecting an Address Resolution Scheme for an IP Interface 4 5 Selecting an Encapsulation Option for ARP and Probe 4 7 Enabling Proxy ARP on an Interface 4 8 Timing Ou
24. 0x2000 16 BGP4 Import BGP4 Preference Local Pref lt Ox1fff Ox1fff Local Pref 0 RIP imported Metric EGP imported Distance Static SR cost 8 Add the values you have calculated The total is the route weight D 4 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Appendix E IP OSPF Configuration Example The IP OSPF configuration in Figure E 1 shows an AS divided into different types of OSPF areas using several types of OSPF routers and interfaces as well as variable length subnetting This appendix describes parameter settings for router 1 through router 6 Routers W through Z and A through D are included in the figure to complete the network map In the configuration in Figure E 1 The OSPF Area Authentication parameter is set to none for all areas All timer parameters Hello dead and poll interval are set to their default values No virtual links are configured Route summarization is not used The frame relay cloud is set to the default management type It is non fully meshed with all group mode PVCs There are three area border routers router 2 router 3 and router 4 two internal backbone routers router 1 and router 5 and one AS boundary router router 6 has an Ethernet interface using RIP Router 2 is the designated router for the FDDI segment Router 4 must be the designated router for the frame relay cloud The unnumbered LAN connecting router 6 and router D is included to ensure that every
25. For example the following command line configures a static route to destination 3 2 4 5 255 255 0 0 ip static route address 3 2 4 5 mask 255 255 0 0 next hop address 2 2 2 4 static route 3 2 4 5 255 255 0 0 2 2 2 4 Table 3 5 BCC Static Route Parameters Parameter Values Defaults Meaning Instructions state enabled default Specifies the state active or inactive of the disabled static route record in the IP routing tables Select disabled to make the static route record inactive in the IP routing table the IP router will not consider this static route Select enabled to make the static route record active again in the IP routing table address The destination IP Specifies the IP address of the network to address you supplied which you want to configure the static route when you configured Enter the destination IP address in the static route You dotted decimal notation To configure a cannot modify this default route enter 0 0 0 0 To configure a address black hole static route enter a supernet address You can configure up to 12 static routes to the same destination mask The destination IP Specifies the subnet mask of the address you supplied when you configured the static route You cannot modify this address destination network Enter the subnet or supernet mask in dotted decimal notation To configure a default route enter 0 0 0 0 To configure a black hole static route enter a supernet mask next
26. IP Configuration IP Address 10 1 1 6 IP Configuration Mask 255 255 255 0 308627 14 00 Rev 00 E 7 A accept policies OSPF 6 57 overview 1 22 RIP 5 24 setting maximum number 3 13 acronyms xix action command 6 45 Addr Mask Reply parameter 3 28 A 11 address E 164 3 33 IP 1 2 IP for OSPF 6 4 MAC 3 33 SMDS 3 38 WAN for frame relay network 3 39 Address Mask parameter 3 53 A 27 address range configuring for OSPF NSSA 6 50 Address Resolution Protocol enabling and disabling 4 2 Address Resolution Protocol ARP address resolution scheme for 4 6 ATMARP 4 5 cache timeout feature 4 11 customizing global characteristics 4 3 datalink encapsulation options for 4 7 function of 1 10 HP Probe 4 5 Inverse ARP 4 5 proxy ARP 4 8 X 25 DDN and PDN 4 5 Address Resolution Type parameter 4 7 A 7 address resolution command 4 6 Adjacent Host Address parameter 3 48 A 30 Adjacent Host Type parameter 3 48 A 32 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Index Adjacent Host X 121 Address parameter 3 48 A 32 adjacent hosts definition 3 46 aggregate route definition 1 8 aging command 4 11 all subnet broadcasting enabling and disabling on IP interface 3 30 all subnet broadcast command 3 30 all subnets enabled command 3 10 announce policies OSPF 6 57 overview 1 22 RIP 5 24 setting maximum number 3 13 Area Address parameter OSPF 2 8 area area id command 6 40 area command
27. Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Upd Xsum On Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces Enabled Enabled Disabled Specifies whether UDP checksum processing is enabled on this interface Select Enabled to enable UDP checksum processing for the interface all outgoing and incoming UDP datagrams are subject to checksumming You should select Enabled in virtually all instances Select Disabled to disable UDP checksum processing and provide backward compatibility with UNIX BSD 4 1 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 24 1 18 MAC Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces None 0 a user specified MAC address if the interface is on an SMDS circuit the entire E 164 address for example C1 617 555 5000 FFFF Specifies a media access control MAC address for this IP interface The IP router will use its IP address and this MAC address when transmitting and receiving packets on this interface Enter 0 to configure the IP router to use its IP address and the circuit s MAC address when transmitting packets on this interface Enter yourown MAC address to configure the IP router to use its IP address and the specified MAC address when transmitting packets on this interface If the interface is on an SMDS circuit by default IP uses the SM
28. Using Site Manager To delete OSPF from an interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Edit Connector window opens click on the connector from which you want to delete OSPF services 2 Click on Edit Circuit The Circuit Definition window opens 3 Choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 4 Choose Add Delete The Select Protocols window opens The OSPF button is checked to show that OSPF is enabled on the circuit 5 Click on OSPF 6 Click on OK Site Manager deletes OSPF services from the connector and returns you to the Circuit Definition window 7 Choose File The File menu opens 8 Choose Exit You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 39 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Defining an Area You define an OSPF area by setting parameters as described under the following topics Topic Page Supplying an ID for the Area 6 40 Disabling and Reenabling an Area 6 42 Configuring Authentication 6 43 Configuring a Summary Route 6 44 Configuring a Stub Area 6 46 Configuring a Not So Stubby Area NSSA 6 48 Supplying an ID for the Area Each OSPF area has a unique identifier You can use the BCC or Site Manager to supply the ID of the OSPF area that you want to define Using the BCC To create an
29. 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 1 1 12 OSPF Accept Policy Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Type Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Accept Policies Any Type 1 Type 2 Any Describes which types of OSPF ASE routes match this policy To match either Type 1 or Type 2 use the default Any 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 3 1 10 B 6 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Routing Policy Parameters Tag Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Accept Policies An empty list A list of tag values Specifies OSPF tag values that could be present in an OSPF ASE advertisement This policy applies to OSPF ASE advertisements that contain the tag values in this list Use the default empty list to indicate that this policy applies to OSPF ASE advertisements with any tag value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 3 1 11 Common Announce Policy Parameters Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Announce Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables this policy Set to Disable to
30. 4 Click on the interface that you want to edit System responds Site Manager displays the parameter values for that interface in the IP Interface List window 5 Set the following parameters e SMDS Group Address SMDS Arp Request Address Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 12 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Configuring a WAN Address for a Frame Relay Network If an interface is connected to a frame relay network you can use Site Manager to configure the following e A broadcast address If you enter a value for the FRM Broadcast parameter the frame relay switch rather than the router will broadcast the message e A multicast address for this IP interface that will send messages to all OSPF routers in a frame relay network If you enter a value for the FRM Cast 1 DLCI parameter the frame relay switch rather than the router will send the message to all OSPF routers e A multicast address for this IP interface that will send messages to all OSPF designated routers in a frame relay network If you enter a value for the FRM Cast 2 DLCI parameter the frame relay switch rather than the router will send the message to all OSPF designated routers 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 39 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services To configure broadcast and multicast addresses to be used by the frame relay sw
31. Choose RIP Interfaces The IP RIP Interface Configuration window opens continued 5 22 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing RIP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this 4 Click on the RIP interface that you want to edit System responds The parameter values for that interface appear in the IP RIP Interface Configuration window 5 Set the Initial Stabilization Timer parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 70 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Deleting RIP from an Interface To delete RIP from an interface on which it is currently configured proceed as follows Using the BCC To delete RIP from an interface navigate to a RIP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 rip and enter delete For example the following command deletes RIP from interface 2 2 2 2 rip 2 2 2 2 delete ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 255 0 Using Site Manager To delete RIP from an interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window click on the connector from which you want to delete RIP services The Edit Connector window opens 2 Click on Edit Circuit The Circuit Definition window opens 3 Choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens c
32. Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 5 Set the Default Route Listen parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 66 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Configuring a RIP Interface for Dial Optimized Routing Dial optimized routing is a method for reducing costs on dialed lines Under dial optimized routing RIP exchanges routing information on the interface only when the router or a peer has activated the connection for a data transmission RIP does not initiate a connection on a dialed line solely for the purpose of issuing a routing update For information about enabling dial optimized routing see Configuring Dial Services After you enable dial optimized routing you can set RIP timers to control the way RIP generates updates on interfaces to dialed lines Setting RIP timers allows you to specify the following e The frequency at which RIP broadcasts full RIP updates on the interface e The timeout period that RIP waits before considering a network unreachable e The holddown period that unreachable routes are retained in the routing table and advertised Specifying an Update Interval By default RIP generates a full update every 30 seconds on each interface configured with RIP If you enabled dial optimized routing on this interface the default is 1 ho
33. Customizing RIP Services 2 6 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Adding RIP to an IP Interface Starting IP Services To add RIP to an existing IP interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window click on the connector to which you want to add RIP services The Edit Connector window opens 8 Choose Exit 2 Click on Edit Circuit The Circuit Definition window opens 3 Choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 4 Choose Add Delete The Select Protocols window opens 5 Click on RIP Site Manager highlights the selection 6 Click on OK You return to the Circuit Definition window 7 Choose File The File menu opens You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 2 7 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Starting OSPF Before you can select a protocol to run on the router you must configure a circuit that the protocol can use as interface to an attached network For information and instructions see Configuring WAN Line Services and Configuring Ethernet FDDI and Token Ring Services After you have successfully configured the circuit the Select Protocols window opens To start OSPF complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Select Protocols window select the following proto
34. Each configuration has the following format source_device gt medium gt destination_device or source_device gt medium gt intermediate_device gt medium2 gt destination_device Table 3 1 Source Routing Bridge Support for Host Only Mode Bridge Configuration Support Bay gt Etht gt Bay Supported Bay gt Token gt Bay Supported Bay gt FDDI gt Bay Supported Bay gt PTPtt gt Bay Supported Bay gt FR 4 gt Bay Supported Bay gt SMDS gt Bay Supported Bay gt PPPttt gt Bay Not supported Bay gt Eth gt Bay gt Token gt ES Not supported Bay gt Token gt Bay gt Token gt ES Supported Bay gt FDDI gt Bay gt Token gt ES Not supported Bay gt PTP gt Bay gt Token gt ES Not supported Bay gt FR gt Bay gt Token gt ES Not supported Bay gt SMDS gt Bay gt Token gt ES Not supported Bay gt PPP gt Bay gt Token gt ES Not supported ES gt Token gt Bay gt Eth gt Bay Not supported ES gt Token gt Bay gt Token gt Bay Supported continued 3 6 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP Table 3 1 Source Routing Bridge Support for Host Only Mode continued Bridge Configuration Support ES gt Token gt Bay gt FDDI gt Bay Not supported ES gt Token gt Bay gt PTP gt Bay Not supported ES gt Token gt Bay gt FR gt Bay Not suppor
35. Filters then select LOADER and Debug and choose File gt Get Current Log File Verify that ARP is loaded on a slot by locating the following message in the log xx 01 01 99 10 10 55 00 DEBUG SLOT x LOADERCODE 33 Loader service completed for ARP EXE OxxxxxxxxxX 308627 14 00 Rev 00 1 11 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Reverse Address Resolution Protocol RARP You can configure a Nortel Networks router as a Reverse Address Resolution Protocol RARP server A RARP server supplies clients on the same physical or logical LAN with IP addresses Figure 1 5 RARP request What is my IP address gt 2 a lt RARP response 192 32 2 23 fT J a LIEI ee Router RARP server Server SNMO0007A Figure 1 5 RARP Server Supplying an IP Address To use RARP services you must set up a MAC address to IP address mapping table This table lists the MAC addresses of clients and the corresponding IP addresses that the RARP server assigns to those clients When a client needs to acquire an IP address the following interchange takes place 1 The client broadcasts a RARP request specifying its MAC address 2 Upon receiving a RARP request the router refers to its MAC address to IP address mapping table then sends the client a response packet containing the corresponding IP address 3 The client examin
36. Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID ARP Forwarding Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Global Forwarding Forwarding Not Forwarding Specifies how ARP should act in relation to IP s forwarding state Note that Forwarding means that IP is in forwarding mode If this parameter is set to Forwarding then ARP packets are either consumed if destined for the router or dropped If this parameter is set to Not Forwarding ARP packets are consumed if destined for the router or bridged onto remaining ARP interfaces Always set this parameter the way you set the Forwarding parameter 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 1 1 3 Nonlocal ARP Source Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Global Drop Drop Drop and Log Determines what happens when IP encounters an invalid ARP source address If this parameter is set to Drop and Log IP logs an invalid ARP source address when processing an ARP request If this parameter is set to Drop IP does not log the invalid ARP source address In either case IP drops the invalid ARP request If you want to log the invalid ARP source address set the parameter to Drop and Log Otherwise set the parameter to Drop 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 1 1 4 A 20 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Opt
37. containing a system resource module or a slot with no IP support does not affect the circuitless IP interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 75 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 15 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Forward Cache Size Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces 128 64 entry minimum no maximum Specifies the maximum number of entries allowed in the forwarding table at one time Specify a forwarding table size for each interface This parameter controls the number of destinations that are cached in the forwarding table on this receiving interface When this interface receives an IP packet the router looks up the destination in the forwarding table Therefore an interface that receives packets for a large number of destinations may benefit from a larger forwarding table The larger the number of entries the more likely it is that the destination will already be in the forwarding table and the faster the route lookups will be for those destinations Configuring a forwarding table size that is larger than necessary reduces the total amount of memory usable by other applications Configuring a forwarding table size that is too small can affect overall router performance Check the number of cache hits and misses to determine
38. gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt RIP gt Import Filters 1 1 to 16 Assigns a weighted preference value to a route included in the routing tables If confronted with multiple routes to the same destination the router by default grants preference to routes in the following order direct OSPF internal static BGP 3 OSPF external EGP and RIP If this hierarchy is acceptable accept the default value 1 If you want to grant preference to this RIP derived route assign a new preference value from 1 through 16 the greater the number the higher the preference Routes for all networks 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 should have the lowest preference Routes for the most specific networks longest address and mask should have the highest preference The default preference for static routes is 1 but may be set to any value from 1 through 16 If you want to grant a RIP derived route preference over a static route make sure that the preference value you assign to the RIP derived route is greater than the preference value of the static route that you want it to override 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 8 1 6 Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt RIP gt Import Filters Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables this import route filter Set to Disable if you want to disable this filter Set to Enable if you previously disabled this filter and now want to reenable it 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 8 1 2 C 4
39. 0 2 OSPF Area AS External No area 0 0 0 2 is a stub OSPF Interface Broadcast Type Point to multipoint standard Note Router 4 must be the designated router for the frame relay network within the cloud To ensure this set the Router Priority parameter on the OSPF frame relay interfaces for router V and router W to 0 The broadcast type should be set to Point to multipoint standard In addition router V and router W must have IP adjacent host entries configured for each other E 6 308627 14 00 Rev 00 IP OSPF Configuration Example Table E 5 Internal Backbone Router 5 Site Manager Window Parameter Setting Interface F31 IP Configuration IP Address 128 10 2 5 IP Configuration Mask 255 255 255 248 OSPF Global Rtr ID 128 10 2 5 OSPF Area Area 0 0 0 0 OSPF Interface Broadcast Type Broadcast Interface E21 IP Configuration IP Address 128 10 2 129 IP Configuration Mask 255 255 255 192 OSPF Area Area 0 0 0 0 OSPF Interface Broadcast Type Broadcast Table E 6 AS Boundary Router 6 Site Manager Window Parameter Setting Interface S21 Wan Protocol Standard IP Configuration IP Address 128 10 4 1 IP Configuration Mask 255 255 255 252 OSPF Global Rtr ID 128 10 4 1 OSPF Global Yes AS Boundary Router OSPF Area Area 0 0 0 1 OSPF Interface Broadcast Type Point to point Interface E21 Add Protocols RIP
40. 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Import and Export Route Filters Preference Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt OSPF gt Import Filters 0 0 to 16 Assigns a weighted preference value to a route included in the routing tables If confronted with multiple routes to the same destination the router by default grants preference to routes in the following order direct OSPF internal static BGP 3 OSPF external EGP and RIP If this hierarchy is acceptable accept the default value 0 If you want to grant preference to this OSPF derived route assign a new preference value from 1 through 16 the greater the number the higher the preference Routes for all networks 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 should have the lowest preference Routes for the most specific networks longest address and mask should have the highest preference The default preference for static routes is 0 but it may be set to any value from 0 through 16 If you want to grant an OSPF derived route preference over a Static route make sure that the preference value you assign to the OSPF derived route is greater than the preference value of the static route that you want it to override 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 10 1 6 OSPF Export Filters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Export Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt
41. 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP Using Site Manager To enable or disable MTU discovery on an interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Interfaces The IP Interface List window opens 4 Click on the interface that you want to edit Site Manager displays the parameter values for that interface in the IP Interface List window 5 Set the MTU Discovery parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 6 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Enabling and Disabling ICMP Address Mask Replies You can configure IP to generate Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP address mask reply messages on this interface in response to valid address mask request messages The interface generates ICMP address mask reply messages in compliance with the relevant sections of RFCs 950 and 1009 By default IP does not generate address mask reply messages You can use the BCC or Site Manager to turn this feature on and off as required 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 27 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Using the BCC To enable or disable ICMP address mask reply messages navigate to an IP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255
42. 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 111 ATM ARP Mode Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces Client Client Server Specifies whether the router is running as an ATM client or server on this interface You must configure one ATMARP server for each logical IP subnet that you define 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 112 ARP Server ATM Address Network Prefix Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces None XX000000000000000000000000 to XX FFFFRFRFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF where XX 39 45 or 47 Specifies the ATM address network prefix of the ATMARP server on your network Enter the ATM address network prefix of the ATMARP server on your network A complete ATM address consists of a network prefix and a user part Use the ARP Server ATM Address User Part parameter to supply the user part of the ATM address 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 113 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID ARP Server ATM Address User Part Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces None 00000000000000 to FEFFFFFFFFFFFF Specifies the user part suffix of the ATM address for the ATMARP server on your network The user part consists of a 6 byte end station identifier and a 1 byte selector field Enter
43. 14 00 Rev 00 XV Table E 2 Table E 3 Table E 4 Table E 5 Table E 6 Atsa Border Rouler Z sussies aaa A A ines E 4 Area Border Router 8 T rena eee T T E E 5 Area Border ROT A dinie a E 6 Internal Backbone Router 5 u cccccccccccssscecseessscceceecsseeeeeeesseseeeeenseeaeees E 7 AS Boundary Router 6 2 err rte ee ere ere E 7 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Preface This guide describes Internet Protocol IP services and what you do to start and customize IP services on a Nortel Networks router You can use the Bay Command Console BCC or Site Manager to configure IP services on a router In this guide you will find instructions for using both the BCC and Site Manager Before You Begin Before using this guide you must complete the following procedures For a new router e Install the router see the installation guide that came with your router e Connect the router to the network and create a pilot configuration file see Quick Starting Routers Configuring BayStack Remote Access or Connecting ASN Routers to a Network Make sure that you are running the latest version of Nortel Networks BayRS and Site Manager software For information about upgrading BayRS and Site Manager see the upgrading guide for your version of BayRS 308627 14 00 Rev 00 xvii Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Text Conventions This guide uses the following text conventions
44. 2 2 mode local rdisc 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To specify a broadcast type for sending advertisements complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Router Discovery The IP Router Discovery window opens continued 3 56 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 4 Set the Broadcast Type parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 33 5 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying the Time Interval Between Advertisements You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify the minimum and maximum number of seconds between advertisements The default values for the minimum and maximum intervals are 450 and 600 seconds respectively Using the BCC To specify the minimum and maximum number of seconds between advertisements navigate to a Router Discovery prompt on an IP interface for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 rdisc and enter min interval lt interval gt max interval lt interval gt interval is any integer For example the following command sets the minimum and maximum intervals to 550 and 750 respectively on interface 2 2 2 2
45. 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Chapter 2 Starting IP Services This chapter describes how to use the BCC and Site Manager to perform a basic configuration that is a configuration using all available defaults for the IP services described in this guide Topic Page Using the BCC 2 2 Using Site Manager 2 5 308627 14 00 Rev 00 2 1 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Using the BCC Starting IP You can use the BCC to start IP RIP OSPF and Router Discovery The following sections provide instructions for starting these services Topic Page Starting IP 2 2 Starting RIP 2 3 Starting OSPF 2 4 Starting Router Discovery 2 4 To start IP on the router you must 1 Configure a physical interface on an available slot connector 2 Configure an IP interface on the physical interface Step 1 Configuring a Physical Interface To configure a physical interface on a slot and connector navigate to the top level box prompt box or stack and enter lt interface_type gt slot lt s ot_number gt module lt module_number gt connector lt connector_number gt interface_type is the name of a link module on the router slot_number is the number of the slot on which the link or net module is located module_number is the net module number ASN and System 5000 routers only connector_number is the number of a connector on the link or net module For example the follow
46. 5 3 2 3 1 26 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 41 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID RFC 1583 Compatibility Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPE gt Global Enabled Enabled Disabled Controls the preference rules used when choosing among multiple AS external LSAs advertising the same destination Set this parameter to Enabled to use the preference rules specified by RFC 1583 Set this parameter to Disabled to use the preference rules specified in RFC 2178 which prevent routing loops when AS external LSAs for the same destination originate from different areas 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 1 29 OSPF Interface Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Interfaces Enable Enable Disable Indicates whether or not OSPF is enabled on this interface The default value Enable indicates that neighbor relationships may be formed on this interface and that this interface will be advertised as an internal route to some area The value Disable indicates that this is not an OSPF interface Set this parameter to Disable if you do not want OSPF enabled on the interface Set it to Enable if you previously disabled OSPF on this interface and now want to reenable it 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 5
47. 53 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services By definition a border router has an interface to the backbone and interfaces to one or more other areas To configure OSPF as a border router 1 Assign the backbone ID 0 0 0 0 to an OSPF interface 2 Assign an area ID to another OSPF interface Configuring a Virtual Backbone Link Through a Transit Area Every border router must have a connection to the backbone This connection can be physical or virtual If the border router has an interface to a backbone network that router is considered to be physically connected to the backbone In Figure 6 4 border router 1 and border router 2 are both physically connected to the backbone In some cases it may not be possible to configure a border router with an interface to a backbone network If the router has an OSPF neighbor that is physically connected to the backbone the router can use that neighbor to establish a virtual link to the backbone In Figure 6 5 for example border router has lost its interface to the backbone network In its place the network administrator has configured an interface to a network in area B Through this network border router 1 now has a neighbor border router 2 that is connected physically to the backbone The network administrator can use border router 2 to configure a virtual link between border router 1 and the backbone An area that provides a virtual link between a border router and th
48. 53 Configuring OSPF Accept and Announce Policies 57 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 1 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Customizing OSPF Global Parameters OSPF global parameters affect the way OSPF runs on the router They apply to all OSPF interfaces You customize OSPF global parameters as described under the following topics Topic Page Enabling and Disabling OSPF on the Router 6 3 Supplying an OSPF Router ID 6 4 Configuring the Soloist and Backup Soloist on a Slot 6 5 Enabling the Boundary Function 6 7 Configuring the Metric Type for an ASE Advertisement 6 8 Choosing a Tag Generation Method for an ASE Advertisement 6 11 Setting the Holddown Timer 6 14 Configuring Message Logging G15 Configuring External Route Preference 6 17 6 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Enabling and Disabling OSPF on the Router When you start OSPF on the router OSPF is automatically enabled You can use the BCC or Site Manager to disable and reenable OSPF on the router Using the BCC To disable or reenable OSPF on the router navigate to the global OSPF prompt for example box ip ospf and enter state lt state gt state is one of the following enabled default disabled Using Site Manager To disable or reenable OSPF on the router complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System r
49. 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 1 10 NSSA Translate Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Areas Disable Enable Disable Enables or disables the forced translation of type 7 AS external LSAs to type 5 LSAs by an NSSA area border router ABR If you set this parameter to Enable the ABR translates the LSAs If you set this parameter to Disable the ABR becomes a candidate for NSSA translator election if no other ABRs are configured as unconditional NSSA translators The router with the highest OSPF router ID is designated as the translating router Set to Enable if you want to force the translation of type 7 AS external LSAs to type 5 LSAs by an NSSA ABR Otherwise accept the default Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 2 1 11 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID NSSA Originate Def Route Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Areas Disable Enable Disable Enables or disables the origination of a type 7 default route by an NSSA internal AS boundary router Set to Enable if you want the AS boundary router to originate a type 7 default route Otherwise accept the default Disable You must set this parameter to Enable to enter values for the NSSA Propagate Def Route and NSSA Def Rou
50. 6 20 Area ID parameter OSPF interface 6 21 A 43 area OSPF description 1 16 ID for 6 20 ARP Forwarding parameter 4 4 A 20 ARP Server ATM Address Network Prefix parameter 3 44 A 17 ARP Server ATM Address User Part parameter 3 44 A 18 ARP See Address Resolution Protocol arp buf limit command 3 19 arp mode command 3 43 arp server address command 3 43 arp server reg interval command 3 43 AS Boundary Router parameter 6 8 A 38 ASB parameter 3 31 A 6 Index 1 as boundary router command 6 7 as default tag command 6 13 ASE Metric Support parameter 6 10 A 39 ase metric support command 6 10 ATM asynchronous transfer mode IP over 3 42 ATM ARP Mode parameter 3 44 A 17 authentication command 5 7 Authentication Password parameter 5 7 A 69 Authentication Type parameter OSPF area 6 44 A 51 RIP interface 5 7 A 69 authentication key command 6 43 authentication type command 5 6 6 43 autonomous system AS definition 1 8 backbone OSPF definition 1 16 Backup Enable parameter 6 6 A 40 Backup Log Mask parameter 6 17 A 40 backup log mask command 6 16 border router OSPF 6 53 bridging configuring in host only mode 3 6 broadcast address definition 3 23 for subnets 3 23 Broadcast Address parameter 3 24 A 5 broadcast command 3 23 Broadcast Timer parameter 5 19 A 67 Broadcast Type parameter 2 8 3 57 A 33 broadcast timer command 5 19 C cache timeout f
51. Address parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 5 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying the Cost of an Interface Each IP interface has an assigned cost The interface cost is added to routes learned on this interface through RIP and is specified in subsequent RIP packets transmitted out other interfaces If the interface is configured for RIP keep in mind that increasing the cost causes the upper bound set by the RIP network diameter parameter to be attained more rapidly By default an IP interface has a cost of 1 You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify another value as required 3 24 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP Using the BCC To specify the cost of an IP interface navigate to an IP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 and enter cost lt cost gt cost is an integer indicating the cost of interface from 1 through 127 For example the following command assigns a cost of 2 to IP interface 2 2 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 cost2 ip 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To specify the cost of an IP interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Interfaces Th
52. Areas gt Ranges Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables this range for the specified area This parameter is useful if you want to disable the range rather than delete it Set this parameter to Disable if you want to disable this range Set the parameter to Enable if you previously disabled this range and now want to reenable it 1 3 6 14 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 4 1 2 Mask Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Areas gt Ranges None Any address mask This parameter allows you to change the mask portion of this area range Mask together with Range Net indicates all of the networks that belong to this range Mask is not restricted to the natural address class mask for the address supplied in the Range Net parameter Enter the appropriate address mask in dotted decimal notation 1 3 6 14 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 4 1 6 A 56 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Status Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Areas gt Ranges Advertise Advertise Do Not Advertise Specifies whether the border router advertises a summary route to other areas Select Do Not Advertise if you want to hide the existence of certain networks from other areas By default the border router advertises a single route for the range of
53. BCC Global ARP Parameters reese T PE EEE 4 3 BCC Definition Parameters for RIP Accept Policies ccceeeeees 5 26 BCC Modification Parameter for RIP Accept Policies ceeeee 5 28 BCC Match Parameters for RIP Accept Policies c cccceeeeeeereees 5 30 BCC Definition Parameters for RIP Announce Policies cccec 5 32 BCC Modification Parameters for RIP Announce Policies 05 5 34 BCC Match Parameters for RIP Announce Policies c ccsceeeeenees 5 35 OSPF Lape NEE ratissa aana Aaa 6 15 OSPF Interface Types aena aan memes rane aaan PA 6 22 Retansmit Inierwal Settings geahssiana aan a 6 25 Hels teil STS ncnsianominaiai 6 27 Dead inora Songs scssi rE a EEEO 6 29 Ea ee I E E E E E E ATTEN 6 32 BCC Neighbor Parameters for an NBMA Interface Peer gaits 16 37 BCC Parameters for OSPF NSSA iccisicicseicscciscacssntssnetuniarendianntenanens 6 49 BCC Address Range Parameters for OSPF NSSA neeese 6 51 BCC Definition Parameters for OSPF Accept Policies netomat 6 59 BCC Match Parameters for OSPF Accept Policies a se 6 61 BCC Definition Parameters for OSPF Announce Policies 06 6 64 BCC Modification Parameters for OSPF Announce Policies 6 66 BCC Match Parameters for OSPF Announce Policies cccceeee 6 68 Internal Backbone Router T sicscccctcomcactseeviaaunaccadaceepaniuxdaatonnasaemuaenss E 3 308627
54. Department of Defense or their successors whichever is applicable 6 Use of Software in the European Community This provision applies to all Software acquired for use within the European Community If Licensee uses the Software within a country in the European Community the Software Directive enacted by the Council of European Communities Directive dated 14 May 1991 will apply to the examination of the Software to facilitate interoperability Licensee agrees to notify Nortel Networks of any such intended examination of the Software and may procure support and assistance from Nortel Networks 7 Term and termination This license is effective until terminated however all of the restrictions with respect to Nortel Networks copyright in the Software and user manuals will cease being effective at the date of expiration of the Nortel Networks copyright those restrictions relating to use and disclosure of Nortel Networks confidential information shall continue in effect Licensee may terminate this license at any time The license will automatically terminate if Licensee fails to comply with any of the terms and conditions of the license Upon termination for any reason Licensee will immediately destroy or return to Nortel Networks the Software user manuals and all copies Nortel Networks is not liable to Licensee for damages in any form solely by reason of the termination of this license 8 Export and Re export Licensee agrees not to export
55. Farameilais aunas N a ANAN B 5 OSPF Accept Policy Parameters err eerie r aiii AET EE B 6 Common Announce Policy Parameletg scisirrinisrnciirerra ariarian B 7 RIP Announce Policy Parameters cccccceceeceeeceeceeeaeeeaeeseeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeseaeeeeaeeesesaeee B 17 OSPF Announee Policy Paramelets jscaccorscccnrssasancccesiaacens aa cainioneaarinna teem amass B 19 Appendix C Import and Export Route Filters RIP Import Filters 0 0 T nat AA E P AS etimiats T T aon Gi RIF EDO FIEIS eiio aA E C 5 Roe NA ONY MN Sy cs usin natant atesinden ti asia aR EE aoa ni C 8 OSPF Esport FIRES xi cccss avarseectasencenceessstenerenciase Dee PE E ener TT C 9 Appendix D Route Weight Worksheet Appendix E IP OSPF Configuration Example Index 308627 14 00 Rev 00 xi Figure 1 1 Figure 1 2 Figure 1 3 Figure 1 4 Figure 1 5 Figure 1 6 Figure 1 7 Figure 1 8 Figure 3 1 Figure 3 2 Figure 4 1 Figure 6 1 Figure 6 2 Figure 6 3 Figure 6 4 Figure 6 5 Figure E 1 Figures Network and Host Portions of IP Addresses cceccceeeeeeeeeeeeeestteeeeeees 1 3 SuperNet Adde GEES anduia neona aia naai aetna 1 7 Internetwork Segmented into Three Autonomous Systems 0 1 9 PAP EKATE ia S A NAR 1 10 RARP Server Supplying an IP Address roe T paoka E 1 12 OSPF ANCES aona 1 16 He ROUNDO TOIS siia i 1 23 Accept and Announce Policies sess csccccsiecescsnsascnacvatdotetaansaseceevsenesumiiads 1 24 P
56. If you have a preferred path you must change the metric cost for your interfaces Assign a higher metric cost for those paths that are not preferred paths If you have any devices in your network running OSPF and you are now adding a Nortel Networks router you must make sure that the router s timer values coincide with the timers in your other devices Determine the timer values of the other devices and change the router s timer values to match them If you change the topology for example if you add an area combine two areas or move routers you must reconfigure the appropriate OSPF elements OSPF area ranges interfaces neighbors Vvirtual links and so on 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Router Discovery Protocol Before a host can send IP datagrams beyond its directly attached subnet the host must discover the address of at least one operational router on that subnet Router Discovery is an extension of the Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP that enables hosts attached to multicast or broadcast networks to discover the IP addresses of their neighboring routers Routers configured with Router Discovery periodically multicast or broadcast a route advertisement from each of their interfaces announcing the IP address or addresses of that interface Hosts discover the addresses of their neighboring routers by listening for these advertisements Hosts will use the router with the hi
57. OSPF MOSPE gt Global Disable Enable Disable Enables or disables the backup link state database of the OSPF backup soloist When the parameter is set to Disable the OSPF backup soloist will not maintain a copy of the OSPF link state database Select the default Disable if you do not want to back up the OSPF soloist 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 1 12 Primary Log Mask Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPE gt Global Trace Info Debug INTF state NBR state Bad LS Trace Info Debug INTF state NBR state LSA self origin LSA receipt Route change Bad LS Less recent LSA More recent LSA Max age LSA Specifies which OSPF log messages should be logged in the primary log Highlight the value of the Primary Log Mask parameter and click on Values Choose the log messages that you want to enter into the primary log then click on OK 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 1 13 Backup Log Mask Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPE gt Global Log no messages Trace Info Debug INTF state NBR state LSA self origin LSA receipt Route change Bad LS Less recent LSA More recent LSA Max age LSA Specifies which OSPF log messages should be logged in the backup log Highlight the value of the Backup Log Mask parameter and click on Values Choose the log messages that you want to enter into the backup log then click on OK 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 1 14 A 40
58. OSPF area navigate to an OSPF interface prompt for example box ip ospf and enter area area id lt area id gt area id is an area identifier in dotted decimal notation To display area parameters and their current values enter info OSPF displays all area attributes and their current values 6 40 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services For example the following command sequence creates OSPF area 0 0 0 0 and displays the default area attributes ospf area area id 0 0 0 0 area 0 0 0 0 info area id 0 0 0 0 area type non stub authentication type none stub metric 1 import summaries true nssa translate to 5 disabled nssa default originate disabled nssa default propagate disabled nssa default ase path typel state enabled Using Site Manager To create an OSPF area complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols System responds The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Areas The OSPF Areas window opens 5 Click on Add The OSPF Area Configuration window opens 6 Set the OSPF Area parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 51 7 Click on OK You return to the OSPF Areas window 8 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window
59. OSPF packets across this interface This parameter is valid only when the Authentication Type parameter for the area is set to Simplepassword Enter the appropriate password All routers in the same area must either have no authentication or have the same password 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 5 1 17 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 47 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MTU Size Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Interfaces 1 1121a number up to 10 000 Specifies the maximum transmission unit MTU size of OSPF updates on this interface Accept the default value 1 to use the IP MTU size for that physical interface Enter 2 to send packets no larger than the IP MTU size for Ethernet 1500 Enter a number up to 10 000 to specify an MTU size directly the number you enter must be less than the IP MTU size for that physical interface When running OSPF over a synchronous PPP link set the MTU size to a value less than the synchronous MTU size 1200 This setting allows all OSPF routes to be learned over the link 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 5 1 29 Multicast Forwarding Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Interfaces Blocked Blocked Multicast Unicast Specifies the way multicasts should be
60. Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Status Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt NSSA Ranges Advertise Advertise Block Specifies whether the border router advertises type 5 LSAs for an NSSA address range If you set this parameter to Advertise the border router advertises a single external route for each NSSA address range You can hide certain networks from other areas by setting this parameter to Block Select Block if you want to hide the existence of certain networks from other areas Otherwise accept the default Advertise to advertise a single route for an NSSA address range 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 12 1 5 External Route Tag Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt NSSA Ranges 0 0 to 16777215 Specifies the value to insert in the external route tag field of translated type 5 LSAs configured for a type 7 address range Specify the value 1 through 16777215 that you want to insert in the external route tag field for translated type 5 LSAs Otherwise accept the default value 0 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 12 1 6 A 60 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Site Manager Parameters OSPF Virtual Interface Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Fu
61. Policies Object Meaning network rip gateway Specifies the networks that match this policy Each specification consists of a network IP address a mask and a flag to indicate whether the network address refers to a specific network or to a range of networks Enter a specific encoding of 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 to match the default route Enter a range encoding of 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 to match any route Use the default empty list to match any route Specifies the addresses of one or more routers that could send RIP updates to this router This policy matches RIP advertisements from routers on this list Use the default empty list to indicate that this policy applies to RIP updates from any router rip interface Specifies the IP addresses of one or more interfaces on this router This policy matches RIP updates received on interfaces that appear in this list Use the default empty list to indicate that this policy applies to RIP updates received on any interface The BCC implements this matching criterion as an object To specify a list create multiple objects For example the following command specifies RIP interface 2 2 3 3 on this router as a match for RIP accept policy pol_1 accept pol_1 rip match match rip accept pol_1 rip interface 2 2 3 3 rip interface 2 2 Using Site Manager 3 3 rip accept pol_1l To specify matching criteria for an accept policy complete the following tasks Site
62. Protocol ICMP that enables hosts attached to multicast or broadcast networks to discover the IP addresses of their neighboring routers Routers configured with Router Discovery periodically multicast or broadcast a router advertisement from each of their interfaces announcing the IP address or addresses of that interface Hosts discover the addresses of their neighboring routers by listening for these advertisements Hosts will use the router with the highest preference level as a gateway By default Router Discovery is enabled on each IP interface You can use Site Manager to choose the operating characteristics of Router Discovery on the interface as described under the following topics Topic Page Enabling and Disabling Router Discovery 3 55 Choosing a Broadcast Type 3 56 Specifying the Time Interval Between Advertisements 3 57 Configuring the Lifetime of Advertised Addresses 3 58 Specifying Interface Preference 3 59 3 54 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP Enabling and Disabling Router Discovery You can use the BCC or Site Manager to enable and disable Router Discovery on an interface Using the BCC To enable or disable Router Discovery on an interface navigate to a Router Discovery prompt on an IP interface for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 rdisc and enter state lt state gt state is one of the following enabled default disable
63. Range Net Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Areas gt Ranges gt Add None Any network IP address Allows you to assign a single network address to a group of subnets This network address together with the subnet mask you provide specifies the subnets to be grouped in this area range Only one link summary advertisement will be generated for all subnets in this range rather than one link summary advertisement for each of the subnets included in that network Enter the appropriate network IP address in dotted decimal notation 1 3 6 14 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 4 1 5 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Range Mask Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Areas gt Ranges gt Add None Any subnet mask This parameter together with the Range Net parameter specifies all of the networks that belong to this range The range mask is not restricted to the natural address class mask for the address supplied in the Range Net parameter Enter the appropriate subnet mask in dotted decimal notation 1 3 6 14 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 4 1 6 Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt
64. Route Filters gt OSPF gt Export Filters 0 0 0 0 Any IP network address Identifies by IP address the network to which this filter applies If set to 0 0 0 0 the filter applies to all networks Enter the appropriate IP address in dotted decimal notation 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 11 1 3 308627 14 00 Rev 00 C 9 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Export Mask Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt OSPF gt Export Filters None Depends on the address class of the network address Specifies the range of addresses upon which this filter acts For example consider Class B network 172 32 0 0 The address mask directs the filtering process to a specific portion of the IP address In other words any IP address that matches the masked portion of 172 32 0 0 is subject to filtering If you enter 255 255 0 0 for this parameter only the network ID portion of the address will be filtered If you enter the mask 255 255 255 0 for this parameter the network ID and subnet ID portions of the address will be filtered If you set the Export Address field to 0 0 0 0 and set this parameter to 0 0 0 0 then the filter applies to all routes If you set the Export Address field to 0 0 0 0 and set this parameter to 255 255 255 255 then t
65. Route Filters gt RIP gt Import Filters 0 0 0 0 Depends on the address class of the network address Specifies the range of addresses this filter acts upon For example consider Class B network 172 32 0 0 which allocates the upper 8 bits of the host identification field to the subnet ID and the final 8 bits to the host ID The address mask directs the filtering process to a specific portion of the IP address In other words any IP address that matches the masked portion of 172 32 0 0 is subject to filtering If you enter 255 255 0 0 for this parameter only the network ID portion of the address will be filtered If you enter the mask 255 255 255 0 for this parameter the network ID and subnet ID portions of the address will be filtered If the Import Address field is set to 0 0 0 0 and this parameter is set to 0 0 0 0 then the filter applies to all routes If the Import Address field is set to 0 0 0 0 and this parameter is set to 255 255 255 255 then the filter applies to the default route Enter the mask in dotted decimal notation 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 8 1 4 RIP Gateway Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt RIP gt Import Filters 0 0 0 0 Any IP address Identifies by IP address the router that is sending the updates This filter will apply to updates from that router If this field is set to 0 0 0 0 the filter applies to updates from any router Enter the appropriate IP address in dotted decimal
66. Solutions Center Telephone Number Billerica MA 800 2LANWAN 800 252 6926 Santa Clara CA Valbonne France 800 2LANWAN 800 252 6926 33 4 92 96 69 68 Sydney Australia 61 2 9927 8800 Tokyo Japan 81 3 5402 7041 xxii 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Chapter 1 IP Concepts Terminology and Features This chapter introduces concepts and terminology used in this guide Topic Page IP Addresses 1 2 Autonomous Systems 1 8 Address Resolution Protocol ARP 1 10 Reverse Address Resolution Protocol RARP 1 12 Routing Information Protocol RIP 1 1 Open Shortest Path First OSPF Protocol 1 13 Router Discovery Protocol 1 20 Route Preferences 1 2 Route Weights 1 21 IP Routing Policies and Filters 1 22 IP Traffic Filters 1 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 1 1 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services IP Addresses An IP address consists of 32 bits that have the form network host The network portion is a network number ranging from 8 to 24 bits The host portion is the remaining 8 to 24 bits identifying a specific host on the network The Internet Network Information Center NIC assigns the network portion of the IP address Your network administrator assigns the host portion NIC recognizes three primary classes of networks A B and C In addition NIC has recently identified two other classes Class D for networks that support m
67. The specified end station then sends a unicast packet containing the MAC address to the originating end station Instructions Depending on your network requirements select one of these options ARP default X 25_DDN X 25_PDN INARP only when all frame relay stations support Inverse ARP INARP enables address resolution for frame relay interfaces which allows for discovery of the IP address of the remote end of the virtual circuit ARPINARP for your frame relay interfaces ARPINARP enables both ARP and Inverse ARP NONE to specify no address resolution scheme for this interface X 25 BFE DDN PROBE to enable HP Probe on the interface ARP PROBE to enable both ARP and HP Probe on the interface ATMARP to enable ATMARP on the interface for ATM SVCs configured for classical IP RFC 1577 and ATM PVCs only MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 24 1 15 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 7 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Proxy Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces Disabled Enabled Disabled Specifies whether this interface uses Proxy ARP to respond to ARP requests for a remote network Select Enabled to enable Proxy ARP on this interface To enable Proxy ARP you must first set this parameter to Enabled for this inter
68. This policy applies to OSPF advertisements authored by a router on this list and applies only to OSPF sourced routes when OSPF is included as a route source ospf tag List of OSPF ASE tag values Specifies tag values that could be present in an OSPF ASE advertisement This policy applies to OSPF ASE advertisements that contain tag values in this list and applies only to OSPF sourced ASE routes when OSPF is included as a route source continued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 5 37 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Table 5 6 BCC Match Parameters for RIP Announce Policies continued Parameter Values Function outbound interface List of IP Specifies a list of outbound RIP interfaces If addresses an interface appears on this list the policy applies to RIP advertisements sent via that interface rip gateway List of IP Specifies the addresses of one or more addresses routers that could send RIP updates to this router This policy applies to RIP advertisements from routers on this list and applies only to RIP sourced routes when RIP is included as a route source The BCC implements this matching criterion as an object To specify multiple items create multiple objects Using Site Manager To specify matching criteria for a RIP announce policy complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Con
69. Values Function metric 0 the default or Specifies an optional RIP export metric to use an export metric when advertising a route that matches this policy advertise List of network Specifies network IDs to include in place of the identifiers network IDs listed in the route to be advertised The BCC implements this criterion as an object To specify a list create multiple objects For example the following command sequence specifies an override metric of 5 for routes that match announce policy pol_1 announce pol_1 rip modify modify rip announce pol_1 metric 5 Using Site Manager To specify an override value for an announce policy complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose Announce Policies 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Policy Filters The IP policies menu opens 4 Choose RIP The RIP policies menu opens 5 The RIP Announce Policy Filters window opens 6 Select the policy that you want to edit 7 Set the following parameters Advertise RIP Metric Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page B 11 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 5 34 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing RIP Services Specifying Matching Crite
70. an AS on this list and applies only to BGP sourced routes when BGP is included as a route source continued 6 68 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Table 6 14 BCC Match Parameters for OSPF Announce Policies continued Parameter Values Function bgp next hop List of IP Specifies one or more IP addresses This addresses policy applies to BGP advertisements whose Next Hop attribute matches an IP address on this list and applies only to BGP sourced routes when BGP is included as a route source bgp peer List of IP Specifies the IP address of one or more BGP addresses peers This policy applies to BGP advertisements authored by a router on this list and applies only to BGP sourced routes when BGP is included as a route source egp as List of AS numbers Specifies one or more autonomous system numbers This policy applies to EGP advertisements received from EGP peers in an AS on this list and applies only to EGP sourced routes when EGP is included as a route source egp gateway List of IP Specifies the IP address of one or more EGP addresses gateways This policy applies to EGP advertisements that use a gateway on this list as the next hop and applies only to EGP sourced routes when EGP is included as a route source egp peer List of IP Specifies the IP address of one or more EGP addresses peers This policy applies to EGP advertisements authored by a router on this list an
71. announced OSPF external routes If the P bit is set the NSSA area border router translates type 7 default route LSAs to type 5 default route LSAs before flooding them to all non stub areas If the propagate bit is not set in a particular type 7 LSA the translator ignores the LSA Select Enable to set the propagate bit for all originated type 7 routes that belong to this policy Otherwise accept the default Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 26 308627 14 00 Rev 00 B 21 Appendix C Import and Export Route Filters This appendix contains RIP and OSPF import and export route filter parameters You can display the same information using Site Manager online Help RIP Import Filters Parameter Import Address Path Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt RIP gt Import Filters Default 0 0 0 0 Options Any IP network address Function Identifies by IP address the network to which this filter applies If this field is set to 0 0 0 0 the filter applies to all networks Instructions Enter the appropriate network address in dotted decimal notation MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 8 1 3 308627 14 00 Rev 00 C 1 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Import Mask Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt
72. can use the BCC or Site Manager to configure RIP to advertise an existing default route one that is present in the routing table in RIP updates sent to neighboring networks You can also configure RIP to generate a default route if the routing table does not contain a default route 308627 14 00 Rev 00 5 15 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Using the BCC To specify whether an interface can supply or generate a default route navigate to a RIP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 rip and enter default supply lt action gt action is one of the following enabled disabled default generate For example the following command causes RIP to supply a default route on IP interface 2 2 2 2 rip 2 2 2 2 default supply enabled rip 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To specify whether an interface can supply or generate a default route complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose RIP Interfaces The IP RIP Interface Configuration window opens 4 Click on the RIP interface that you want to The parameter values for that interface edit appear in the IP RIP Interface Configuration window 5 Set the Default Route Supply parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 65
73. configure up to 32 announce policies and 32 accept policies for each protocol that you configure on the router You must increase this value if you want IP to allocate more memory and implement additional policies Using the BCC To set the maximum number of policies navigate to the IP global prompt for example stack ip and enter max policies lt max_policies gt max_policies is the maximum number of accept or announce policies that you can configure for each routing protocol For example the following command sets the maximum number of policies to 50 ip max policies 50 ip 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 13 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Using Site Manager To set the maximum number of policies complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Global The Edit IP Global Parameters window opens 4 Set the Maximum Policy Rules parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 24 5 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Disabling and Reenabling Route Filter Support By default IP supports route filters When route filter support is disabled IP does not allocate memory for route filters when the maximum number of IP policies is increased You can use the BCC or Site Man
74. connected to the backbone by one or more border routers A border router can have connections to multiple areas In Figure 6 4 for example border router 2 has an interface to a network in area B and an interface to a network in area C Backbone network Border E E Border E Area C ii router a internal router Area C network Area A network Area B network Area A Area B internal internal E router router E g IPO002A Figure 6 4 Area Border Router Each border router in an AS does the following e Receives routing information from its attached areas creates summaries of this information and forwards the summaries to the backbone and to any other attached area In Figure 6 4 for example border router 2 floods summaries from area B to the backbone and to area C Through the backbone the summaries are forwarded to all other areas in the AS e Receives via the backbone summaries from other border routers uses this information to create new routing summaries which add in the cost of the backbone routes and forwards the new summaries to its attached areas 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6
75. connection ttNortel Networks proprietary point to point synchronous connection Frame relay synchronous connection SMDS synchronous connection tttPPP synchronous connection tStation you are communicating with if not Nortel Networks 3 8 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP Setting the Time to Live Value on a Source Packet Each IP data packet includes a time to live TTL value The TTL value specifies the maximum number of hops that the packet is allowed to traverse in the network before an intermediate router discards the packet The router that originates the packet sets the TTL to a positive value Each router that receives the packet decrements the TTL counter by one A router that receives a packet with a TTL of zero discards the packet if the packet is not addressed to itself The TTL counter prevents packets from looping endlessly through the network By default IP sets the TTL field on each source packet that is each packet that it originates and transmits to 30 hops You can use the BCC or Site Manager to set the TTL value as required Using the BCC To set the TTL value navigate to the global IP prompt for example box ip and enter ttl lt max_hops gt max_hops is the maximum number of hops that the packet can traverse before an intermediate router discards it For example the following command sets the TTL value to 25 hops ip ttl 25 ip 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 9 Conf
76. cost IP adds the new route to the routing table up to a maximum number that you specify If the routing table already contains the maximum number of equal cost routes from RIP or OSPF IP discards the route By default equal cost multipath support is disabled on the router If you enable equal cost multipath support on the router you must set the maximum number of equal cost routes up to five that IP stores in the routing table for RIP and OSPF Using the BCC To enable or disable equal cost multipath support navigate to the IP global prompt for example box ip and enter ecmp method lt method gt method is one of the following disabled default roundRobin srcDestHash destinationHash To specify the maximum number of equal cost paths for RIP navigate to the IP global prompt for example box ip and enter rip max paths lt max_number gt max_number is an integer from 1 the default through 5 3 16 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP To specify the maximum number of equal cost paths for OSPF navigate to the IP global prompt for example box ip and enter ospf max paths lt max_number gt max_number is an integer from 1 the default through 5 For example the following command sequence enables round robin ECMP routing and allows up to five distribution paths for RIP and OSPF ip ecmp method roundRobin ip rip max paths 5 ip ospf max paths 5 Using Site Manager To enable
77. declaring the neighbor down ospf 2 2 2 2 dead interval 60 ospf 2 2 2 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 29 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Using Site Manager To specify a dead interval complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Interfaces The OSPF Interfaces window opens 5 Click on the OSPF interface that you want The parameter values for that interface to edit appear in the OSPF Interfaces window 6 Set the Dead Interval parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 46 7 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Setting the Poll Interval for NBMA Neighbors The poll interval is the largest number of seconds allowed between Hello packets sent to an inactive nonbroadcast multi access NBMA neighbor By default each OSPF interface has a poll interval of 120 seconds You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify a poll interval Using the BCC To specify a poll interval navigate to an OSPF interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 ospf and enter poll interval lt interval gt interval is the poll interval expressed in seconds 6 30 308
78. default accept Specifies whether IP drops or accepts ARP requests in which the source address is located in a different network or subnetwork nonlocal destination drop default accept Specifies whether IP drops or accepts ARP requests in which the destination address is located in a different network or subnetwork For example the following command enables IP to accept ARP requests from nonlocal source addresses arp nonlocal source accept arp 308627 14 00 Rev 00 4 3 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Using Site Manager To customize global ARP complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens Choose Global The Edit IP Global Parameters window opens Set the following parameters ARP Forwarding e Nonlocal ARP Source Nonlocal ARP Destination Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 20 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing ARP and RARP Services Selecting an Address Resolution Scheme for an IP Interface In addition to ARP IP supports Inverse ARP HP Probe and X 25 address resolution schemes as follows e Inverse ARP provides address resolution for frame relay inter
79. directly or indirectly the Software or related technical data or information without first obtaining any required export licenses or other governmental approvals Without limiting the foregoing Licensee on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries and affiliates agrees that it will not without first obtaining all export licenses and approvals required by the U S Government i export re export transfer or divert any such Software or technical data or any direct product thereof to any country to which such exports or re exports are restricted or embargoed under United States export control laws and regulations or to any national or resident of such restricted or embargoed countries or ii provide the Software or related technical data or information to any military end user or for any military end use including the design development or production of any chemical nuclear or biological weapons 9 General If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction the remainder of the provisions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect This Agreement will be governed by the laws of the state of California Should you have any questions concerning this Agreement contact Nortel Networks 4401 Great America Parkway PO Box 58185 Santa Clara California 95054 8185 LICENSEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT LICENSEE HAS READ THIS AGREEMENT UNDERSTANDS IT AND AGREES TO BE BOUND BY ITS TER
80. disable the policy RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 2 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 B 7 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Name Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Announce Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies None Any alphanumeric character string Identifies this policy Enter a unique name for the policy RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 4 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 4 Networks Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Announce Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies An empty list A list of network identifiers Specifies which networks will match this policy Each identifier consists of a network number a mask and a flag to indicate whether the ID refers to a specific network or to a range of networks Enter a specific encoding of 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 to match the default route Enter a range encoding of 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 to match any route Enter an empty list to match any route RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 5 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18
81. for a multinet or multigroup configuration see Configuring SMDS 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 66 FRM Broadcast Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces 0 Any decimal number Provides a broadcast address for this IP interface in a frame relay network If you enter a value for this parameter the frame relay switch rather than the router will broadcast the message This parameter is displayed only if this is a frame relay circuit Enter the broadcast address provided in the frame relay subscription agreement 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 67 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID FRM Cast 1 DLCI Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces 0 Any decimal number Provides a multicast address for this IP interface that will send messages to all OSPF routers in a frame relay network If you enter a value for this parameter the frame relay switch rather than the router will send the message to all OSPF routers This parameter has meaning only if OSPF has been added to this interface Enter the multicast address for all OSPF routers as provided in the frame relay subscription agreement 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 68 FRM Cast 2 DLCI Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP g
82. hop address The next hop IP address you supplied when you configured the static route You cannot modify this address Specifies the IP address of the next hop router Enter the IP address in dotted decimal notation To configure a black hole static route enter 255 255 255 255 If you are configuring a static route to an unnumbered interface enter 0 0 0 0 next hop mask IP address mask Specifies the subnet mask of the next hop router continued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 51 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Table 3 5 BCC Static Route Parameters continued Parameter Values Defaults Meaning Instructions cost 1 default to RIP diameter Specifies the number of router hops a datagram can traverse before reaching the destination IP address The IP router uses the cost value when determining the best route for a datagram to follow If you enabled ECMP on the router for information see Configuring Equal Cost Multipath Support for RIP and OSPF on page 3 15 you can configure up to 12 equal cost static routes preference 1 default to 16 Specifies a weighted value from 1 to 16 with 16 being the most preferred that the IP router uses to select a route when its routing tables contain multiple routes to the same destination To configure a black hole static route enter the maximum preference value Using Site Manager To define a s
83. internal node in area 0 0 0 1 is reachable from every other internal node 308627 14 00 Rev 00 E 1 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Router V Figure E 1 STUB area 0 0 0 2 AS Backbone 0 0 0 0 Router Z Router Y Router X C 190 140 128 10 2 128 255 255 255 192 ABR F31 E21 129 E Internal Router 5 backbone router 128 10 2 0 5 F31 255 255 255 248 F31 Router 4 4 FR group mode non fully meshed to 2 spoke routers AS 1 F31 E n Router 1 E21 Internal backbone router 128 10 2 65 255 255 255 192 Router A Router B 128 10 3 0 255 255 255 0 E21 ELS 2 128 10 4 0 ASBR RS ABR 255 255 255 252 outer 6 RI router 2 S21 1E 6 a 2 D S21 E21 by a 128 10 4 4 g 2 E 255 255 255 252 D S21 g a ABR E router3 5 5 9 021 Router D z 128 10 5 0 Area 0 0 0 1 AS
84. is used to distribute routing information among areas EGP Backbone area 0 0 0 0 Stub area 0 0 0 2 Area 0 0 0 1 RIP Area 0 0 0 4 IP0048A Figure 1 6 OSPF Areas 1 16 308627 14 00 Rev 00 IP Concepts Terminology and Features Each area has a unique ID number ID 0 0 0 0 is always reserved for the OSPF backbone The AS in Figure 1 6 has the following four areas e Backbone area 0 0 0 0 e Normal areas 0 0 0 1 and 0 0 0 4 e Stub area 0 0 0 2 e Not so stubby area NSSA 0 0 0 3 For information about associating an OSPF interface with an area ID see Configuring an Area ID on page 6 20 Stub Area A stub area does not import AS external routes and may or may not import internal route summaries In place of routes to destinations outside the stub area a border router connected to a stub injects a default route advertisement When an internal router encounters a datagram addressed to a destination outside the stub area the router forwards it to the border router specified in the default route advertisement Not So Stubby Area NSSA A not so stubby area NSSA is similar to a stub area except that to a limited degree an NSSA can import AS external routes Like a stub area an NSSA consumes less memory and CPU resources by preventing the flooding of type 5 AS external link state advertisements LSAs into the area and by relying on default routing to external destinations However
85. mask of Oxffff0000 describes a single route to destinations 128 185 0 0 through 128 185 255 255 OSPF Neighbors OSPF neighbors are any two routers that have an interface to the same network In each OSPF network routers use the Hello protocol to discover their neighbors and maintain neighbor relationships On a broadcast or point to point network the Hello protocol dynamically discovers neighbors however on a nonbroadcast multi access network you must manually configure neighbors The Hello protocol ensures that communication between neighbors is bidirectional Periodically OSPF routers send out Hello packets over all interfaces Included in these Hello packets is the following information e The router s priority e The router s Hello timer and dead timer values e A list of routers that have sent Hello packets to this router on this interface e The router s choice for designated router and backup designated router Bidirectional communication is verified when one router sees itself listed in the neighbor s Hello packet Neighbor Adjacencies Neighbors may form an adjacency for the purpose of exchanging routing information When two routers form an adjacency they go through a process called database exchange to synchronize their topological databases When their databases are synchronized the routers are said to be fully adjacent From this point on only routing change information is passed between the routers thus conser
86. notation 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 8 1 7 C 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Import and Export Route Filters Interface Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt RIP gt Import Filters 0 0 0 0 Any IP address Specifies the local IP address of the interface that connects this router to the RIP gateway This filter will apply only to those updates received on this interface If set to 0 0 0 0 this filter applies to all interfaces Enter the appropriate IP address in dotted decimal notation 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 8 1 8 Action Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt RIP gt Import Filters Accept Accept Ignore Specifies whether the route is transferred to the routing tables If this parameter is set to Accept default the routing information is sent to the routing tables If this parameter is set to Ignore the routing information is dropped Either accept the default Accept or select Ignore 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 8 1 5 308627 14 00 Rev 00 C 3 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Preference Configuration Manager
87. of entries allowed in the forwarding table navigate to an IP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 and enter cache size lt size gt size is the number of destination entries in the cache For example the following command causes IP to allocate a cache on interface 2 2 2 2 for 175 entries ip 2 2 2 2 cache size 175 ip 2 2 2 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 41 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Using Site Manager To set the maximum number of entries allowed in the forwarding table complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Interfaces The IP Interface List window opens 4 Click on the interface that you want to edit Site Manager displays the parameter values for that interface in the IP Interface List window Set the Forward Cache Size parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 16 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Configuring an Interface for an ATM Logical IP Subnet RFC 1577 Classical IP and ARP over ATM is a specification for an administrative entity within an ATM network called a logical IP subnet LIS Nortel Networks supports RFC 1577 For information ab
88. or disable equal cost multipath support and to specify the maximum number of RIP and OSPF routes complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Global The Edit IP Global Parameters window opens 4 Set the following parameters Multiple Nexthop Calculation Method RIP Maximum Equal Cost Paths IP OSPF Maximum Path Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 25 5 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 17 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Customizing the IP Routing Table Structure Structurally the IP routing table consists of indexes and entries Each index contains a pointer to a list of entries By default the IP routing table contains 8000 indexes A routing table in which all indexes point to the same number of entries is considered to be in perfect balance For example a routing table that contains 100 indexes pointing to 1000 entries is in perfect balance if each index points to 10 entries In reality an IP routing table is allowed to contain indexes that deviate from perfect balance by a number of entries specified as the deviation of nodes value By default the deviation of nodes value is 25 IP routing table parameters If you want
89. or enter a slightly higher number for slower speed serial lines for example 15 to 20 seconds for a 19 8 KB line 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 5 1 9 A 44 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Retransmit Interval Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Interfaces 5 seconds 1 to 3600 seconds Indicates the number of seconds between link state advertisement retransmissions for adjacencies belonging to this interface This value is also used when retransmitting OSPF packets Nortel Networks suggests the following values for this parameter for broadcast 5 seconds for point to point NBMA and point to multipoint 10 seconds Either accept the default value of 5 seconds or set the retransmit interval to a slightly higher number for slower speed serial lines 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 5 1 10 Hello Interval Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Interfaces 10 seconds 1 to 65 535 seconds Indicates the number of seconds between the Hello packets that the router sends on the interface Nortel Networks suggests the following values for this parameter for broadcast 10 seconds for point to point 15 seconds for NBMA 20 seconds for point to multipoint 15 seconds Either accept the default value of 10
90. responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose RIP Interfaces The IP RIP Interface Configuration window opens Click on the RIP interface that you want to edit Set the Triggered Updates parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 69 The parameter values for that interface appear in the IP RIP Interface Configuration window Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying a Time to Live Value By default RIP inserts a time to live TTL value of one hop into each outbound routing update Setting a TTL of 1 prevents RIP updates from inadvertently exiting the local network Increasing the TTL introduces the risk of the update exiting the local network and being forwarded around the network Certain RIP implementations ignore packets with a TTL value of 1 Use this parameter to provide interoperability with such implementations You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify a TTL value greater than 1 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Using the BCC Customizing RIP Services To specify a time to live value navigate to a RIP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 rip and enter ttl lt hops gt hops is the time to live value expressed as the number of hops that RIP inserts in each outbound up
91. responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Virtual Interfaces The OSPF Virtual Interfaces window opens 5 Click on Add The OSPF Virtual Interface Configuration window opens 6 Set the following parameters Transit Area ID Neighbors Router ID Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 61 7 Click on OK You return to the OSPF Virtual Interfaces window 8 To change the default values for the virtual link set the following parameters Enable Transit Delay Retransmit Interval Hello Interval Dead Interval Password Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 61 9 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 6 56 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Configuring OSPF Accept and Announce Policies OSPF requires that all routers in a given area maintain a similar routing database To ensure the integrity of the database OSPF does not manipulate received link state advertisements before propagating them on an interface There are two situations however in which an IP policy can be applied to an OSPF interface e An OSPF accept policy can be used on a router to control which OSPF non self originated external routing information is stored in the routing ta
92. routes you specify 1 3 6 14 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 4 1 7 Metric Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Areas gt Ranges 0 0 to 2 147 483 647 Specifies the metric to advertise into other areas as the distance from the OSPF router to any network in the range If you select 0 the router uses the value calculated by OSPF 1 3 6 14 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 4 1 8 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services OSPF NSSA Range Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID NSSA Range Net Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt NSSA Ranges gt Add None Any network IP address Allows you to assign a single network address to a group of NSSA type 7 subnets This network address together with the NSSA range mask specifies the type 7 subnets to be grouped in this NSSA range Only one type 5 LSA will be generated for all type 7 subnets in this range rather than one type 5 LSA for each type 7 subnet imported by the NSSA Enter the appropriate network IP address in dotted decimal notation Not applicable NSSA Range Mask Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt NSSA Ranges gt Add None Any subnet mask This parameter together with the NSSA Range Net parameter specifies all networks that belong to this r
93. slots that can support the circuitless interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Interfaces The IP Interface List window opens 4 Click on the circuitless interface The window displays the parameter values for that interface 5 Set the Slot Mask parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 15 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Configuring an Unnumbered IP Interface IP allows you to configure an interface on a point to point connection without using an IP address Such an interface is called an unnumbered interface The ability to establish a point to point link using an unnumbered IP interface helps alleviate two of the major problems caused by the continued rapid growth of the Internet exhaustion of Class B network addresses and of the 32 bit IP address space You associate each unnumbered interface with the IP address of any numbered interface on the router including the circuitless interface The router can support multiple unnumbered interfaces Multiple unnumbered interfaces can be associated with the same IP address Because all traffic over an unnumbered interface uses broadcast addressing at the link layer neither an adjacent hos
94. subnet mask or enter another subnet mask in dotted decimal notation Enter 0 0 0 0 if you are configuring an unnumbered interface on the circuit 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 6 Transmit Beast Addr Select IP from the Select Protocols window and click on OK 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 or any valid IP broadcast address Specifies the broadcast address that this IP subnet uses to broadcast packets Accepting 0 0 0 0 for this parameter specifies that the IP router will use a broadcast address with a host portion of all 1s Accepting 0 0 0 0 does not configure the router to use the address 0 0 0 0 to broadcast packets For example if you have IP address 123 1 1 1 and a subnet mask of 255 255 255 0 accepting the default value 0 0 0 0 configures the IP router to use the address 123 1 1 255 to broadcast packets To set the explicit broadcast address of all 1s enter 255 255 255 255 for this parameter Accept the default 0 0 0 0 unless the calculated broadcast address host portion of all 1s is not adequate If this is the case then enter the appropriate IP broadcast address in dotted decimal notation If you set the IP Address parameter to 0 0 0 0 to configure an unnumbered interface Site Manager automatically sets this parameter to 255 255 255 255 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 8 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 3 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID
95. that do not match any of the explicit routes For example consider a router that advertises an aggregate route using the supernet address 192 32 0 0 255 255 248 The supernet address represents eight specific networks 192 32 0 0 through 192 32 7 0 After the aggregate route has been propagated the router receives network traffic for each of these specific destinations 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 53 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services If the router loses connectivity to network 192 32 3 0 one of the networks in the supernet the router continues to forward traffic that matches destinations 0 0 through 2 0 and 4 0 through 7 0 However the router can no longer find a complete match in the routing table for the disconnected network 3 0 The router must drop all traffic destined for 192 32 3 0 To force the router to drop the packet for an unmatched destination you configure a special type of static route for a supernet called a black hole as follows e Enter the supernet address mask pair as the destination IP address and address mask e To create the black hole enter the black hole encoding 255 255 255 255 as the next hop address and the next hop mask Configuring and Customizing Router Discovery Before a host can send IP datagrams beyond its directly attached subnet the host must discover the address of at least one operational router on that subnet Router Discovery is an extension of the Internet Control Message
96. the user part suffix of the ATMARP server on your network A complete ATM address consists of a network prefix and a user part Use the ARP Server ATM Address Network Prefix parameter to supply the network part of the ATM address 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 113 Registration Refresh Interval Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces 900 seconds for a client 1200 seconds for a server Any interval in seconds For a client this parameter specifies the interval between registration refreshes For a server this parameter specifies the duration for which the registration is valid Determine whether ATMARP is running as a client or as a server on this interface and enter an appropriate value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 115 A 18 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Site Manager Parameters IP Global Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Global Enable Enable Disable Specifies the state of the IP router software Select Enable if you previously disabled the IP router software and now wish to reenable it Select Disable to disable the IP router software In dynamic mode when you set this parameter to Disable you immediately prohibit all Site Manager communication with the router 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 1 2 Fo
97. to configure an adjacent host Enter the IP address in dotted decimal notation Not applicable Adjacent Host Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Adjacent Hosts None Any valid IP address or X 121 address X 25 only Specifies the address of the adjacent host This address is required for protocols that cannot perform address resolution Enter the address of the adjacent host If you configured X 25 as the data link protocol and the connection type is PDN X 25 DDN X 25 or BFE PVCs enter the X 121 address of the remote PVC 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 6 1 9 A 30 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Next Hop Interface Addr Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Adjacent Hosts 0 0 0 0 Any valid IP address Specifies the IP address of the router s network interface to the adjacent host Enter the IP address in dotted decimal notation 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 6 1 4 MAC ATM Address DLCI VPI VCI Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Adjacent Hosts None Depends on the data link you selected Specifies the physical address of the adjacent host This value can be a 48 bit Ethernet address a 64 bit SMDS address an ATM
98. vii Chapter 4 Customizing ARP and RARP Services OU BIOIIZ INE ARP aiioe tack aneia E e E ERAS 4 2 Enabling and Disabling Global ARP tess sscess rcentiviaenendtiendinelavcavendassnticntinareins 4 2 Customizing Global ARP 00 E E PET boai roai 4 3 Selecting an Address Resolution Scheme for an Ip iian EPE A laaiaRRenG 4 5 Selecting an Encapsulation Option for ARP and Probe ccccccesseeeeessteeeeeeneaes 4 7 Enabling Proxy ARP on an merata soisissa 4 8 Timing Out Entries in the Address Resolution Cache ccccceeseeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeees 4 10 CUS Gnidia eines iceman T airiai eiei 4 12 Disabling and Enabling RARP on an deere er er ere te 4 13 Defining the RARP Mapping Table 2 cccccecceeeeceeeeeeeececeeeeaeeceeeeeeeeeeteaeeseeeees 4 13 Disabling and Reenabling RARP Globally see aapaudatotsy ieee teens T EE 4 14 Deleting RARP Glopall y srren aaa aa eNO Chapter 5 Customizing RIP Services eting the RIP DIAmMeter crina aa aa eai 5 2 Gisiomemng 4 RIP Menite seiceanna a aa 5 3 Disabling and Reenabling RIP on an Interface IDIN EET 5 3 Selecting ihe AIP Version successive ALn PA N aan ane 5 4 Authenticating the Password on a Version 2 Update AETA S ONTE te ih 5 6 Supplying RIP Updates on an Interface sisirain insir cinnoisainisora annaa 5 8 apesing he Uppdals ModE srianan NN 5 9 Sending Triggered Updates paa PP PEE E TE P eee 5 11 Speciing a Time OLIV VANE riisiin iaeia aare a
99. 0 1 area type nssa area 0 0 0 1 nssa default originate enabled area 0 0 0 1 nssa default propagate enabled Using Site Manager To configure a not so stubby area NSSA complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens continued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 49 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 4 Choose Areas The OSPF Areas window opens 5 Click on the area that you want to edit The parameter values for that area appear in the OSPF Areas window 6 Set the following parameters Import AS Extern NSSA Translate NSSA Originate Def Route NSSA Propagate Def Route NSSA Def Route Type e Stub Default Metric Import Summaries Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 52 7 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Configuring an NSSA Address Range To implement an NSSA you must configure at least one type 7 address range for summarization and filtering in the translation of type 7 LSAs to type 5 LSAs Each type 7 address range consists of an address mask pair representing multiple external
100. 0 to each bit in the host field Convert the resulting 32 bit string to dotted decimal notation For example to construct a subnet mask for the IP address 10000000 00100000 00001010 10100111 do the following 1 Assign a value of 1 to each bit in the network field The position of the first bit set to O in the first octet of the IP address indicates that the network is Class B therefore the network field contains 16 bits 11111111 11111111 Assign a value of 1 to each bit in the subnet field Allocate the upper 8 bits of the local portion to the subnet portion as follows 11111111 Assign a value of 0 to each bit in the host field Allocate the lower 8 bits of the local portion field to the host identification as follows 00000000 Convert the resulting 32 bit string 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 to dotted decimal notation as follows 255 255 255 000 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Table 1 2 lists the range of possible subnet masks for Class B and Class C addresses along with the number of bits that the mask allocates for a subnet address the number of recommended subnets associated with the mask and the number of hosts per subnet Table 1 2 Subnet Masks for Class B and Class C Addresses Number of Subnets Number of Hosts Number of Bits Subnet Mask Recommended per Subnet Class B 2 255 255 192 0 2 1
101. 1 2 A 42 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Area ID Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Interfaces 0 0 0 0 Any 4 octet number in dotted decimal notation Identifies the area to which this interface belongs Enter the appropriate area ID in dotted decimal notation Area ID 0 0 0 0 is reserved for the backbone 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 5 1 6 Type Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPFE gt Interfaces Broadcast Broadcast NBMA nonbroadcast multiaccess Point to point Point to multipoint Point to multipoint STD Passive Indicates the type of network to which this interface is attached Choose Broadcast if this network is a broadcast LAN such as Ethernet Choose NBMA if the network is a nonbroadcast network such as X 25 Choose Point to point for a synchronous point to point interface If you want to use the Nortel Networks proprietary solution for frame relay point to multipoint networks choose Point to multipoint Choose Point to multipoint STD if the network is a point to multipoint network Choose Passive to configure an interface that OSPF cannot use to form neighbor relationships OSPF cannot accept Hello messages or send advertisements on the passive interface Set this parame
102. 255 0 0 and enter mask reply lt state gt state is one of the following enabled disabled default For example the following command causes IP to send ICMP address mask reply messages on interface 2 2 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 mask reply enabled ip 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To enable or disable ICMP address mask reply messages complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The Protocols menu opens The IP menu opens 3 Choose Interfaces The IP Interface List window opens 4 Click on the interface that you want to edit Site Manager displays the parameter values for that interface in the IP Interface List window Set the AMR parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 11 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 3 28 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP Disabling and Reenabling ICMP Redirect Messages An ICMP redirect is a message sent by the router to alert a host that it should be using a different path to route data In some cases you do not want an interface to send out redirects For example in a frame relay network two stations on the same network may not be directly connected if the network is not fully meshed Thus in this case you would disable redirect
103. 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 5 B 8 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Routing Policy Parameters Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Action Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Announce Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies Announce Announce Ignore Specifies whether or not to advertise a route that matches this policy To advertise the route specify Announce To drop the route specify Ignore RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 6 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 6 Rule Precedence Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Announce Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies 0 A metric value Specifies a metric value to be used to compare this policy with other policies that a route may match A policy with a higher metric takes precedence over a policy with a lower metric In case of a tie the protocol uses an internal index value assigned to the policy by IP software In general the index value is indicated by the position of the policy in the Site Manager window the last policy in the window has the highest index value Use this parameter to assign pre
104. 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Tag Generation Method Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPE gt Global Zero Zero Autotag Proprietary Specifies the method of OSPF external tag field generation Set the parameter to Autotag if you want OSPF to generate a tag value according to RFC 1403 OSPF BGP Interaction Use the default to insert 0 into the tag field The Proprietary option is reserved for debugging purposes 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 1 15 Multicast Extensions Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Global 0 0 no multicast forwarding is enabled 1 intra area multicasting only 3 intra area and inter area multicasting 5 intra area and inter AS multicasting 7 multicasting everywhere Indicates whether the router is forwarding IP multicast Class D datagrams based on the algorithms defined in the Multicast Extensions to OSPF Set the bitmask as required 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 1 21 Timeout Value Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Global 600 seconds An integer Specifies a timer value for timing out MOSPF forwarding entries Use the default setting 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3
105. 4 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters RIP Listen Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt RIP Interfaces Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether this interface listens for RIP updates from neighboring networks Select Enable to configure this interface to listen for RIP updates and thus add received routing information to its internal routing table If you select Enable a configured policy can still prohibit the interface from updating its internal routing tables Select Disable to configure the interface to ignore RIP updates from neighboring routers Thus the interface does not add received routing information to its internal routing table 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 6 Default Route Supply Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt RIP Interfaces Disable Enable Disable Generate Specifies whether or not the interface advertises a default route in RIP updates sent to neighboring networks When a router does not know the route of a particular address it uses the default route as the destination A configured policy can override this setting This parameter is independent of the RIP Supply parameter If you select Enable RIP advertises the default route if it is present in the routing table that is if you have st
106. 6 382 3 255 255 224 0 6 8 190 4 255 255 240 0 14 4 094 5 255 255 248 0 30 2 046 6 255 255 252 0 62 1 022 7 255 255 254 0 126 510 8 255 255 255 0 254 254 9 255 255 255 128 510 126 10 255 255 255 192 1 022 62 11 255 255 255 224 2 046 30 12 255 255 255 240 4 094 14 13 255 255 255 248 8 190 6 14 255 255 255 252 16 382 2 Class C 2 255 255 255 192 2 62 3 255 255 255 224 6 30 4 255 255 255 240 14 14 5 255 255 255 248 30 6 6 255 255 255 252 62 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 IP Concepts Terminology and Features Supernet Addressing A supernet is a group of networks identified by contiguous network addresses Internet service providers ISPs can assign customers blocks of contiguous addresses to define supernets as needed Each supernet has a unique supernet address that consists of the upper bits shared by all addresses in the contiguous block For example Figure 1 2 illustrates a block of contiguous 32 bit addresses 192 32 0 0 through 192 32 7 0 in dotted decimal notation 11000000 00100000 00000000 00000000 11000000 00100000 00000001 00000000 11000000 00100000 00000010 00000000 11000000 00100000 00000011 00000000 11000000 00100000 00000100 00000000 11000000 00100000 00000101 00000000 11000000 00100000 00000110 00000000 11000000 00100000 00000111 00000000 IP0007A Figure 1 2 Supernet Addresses The supernet address for this block is 11000000 00100000 00000 the 21 upper bits shared by the 32 bit addresses
107. 6 Assigns a metric value the higher the number the greater the preference to a route that the protocol forwards to the routing table manager If confronted with multiple routes to the same destination the routing table manager may use this value to decide which route to insert Routes for all networks 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 should have the lowest preference and routes for the most specific networks longest address and mask should have the highest preference precedence 0 default to any Assigns a metric value to this policy a policy integer with a higher value takes precedence over a policy with a lower value This value determines the order of precedence for policies that match the same route For example the following command sets the state to disabled for RIP accept policy pol_l accept pol_1 rip state disabled accept pol_1 rip 5 26 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing RIP Services Using Site Manager To create an accept policy complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Policy Filters The IP policies menu opens 4 Choose RIP The RIP policies menu opens 5 Choose Accept Policies The RIP Accept Policy Filters window opens 6 Click on Add The RIP Accept IP Policy Filter Configuration window opens 7 Se
108. 627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services For example the following command sets the poll interval to 90 seconds on IP interface 2 2 2 2 ospf 2 2 2 2 poll interval 90 ospf 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To specify a poll interval complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Interfaces The OSPF Interfaces window opens 5 Click on the OSPF interface that you want The parameter values for that interface to edit appear in the OSPF Interfaces window 6 Set the Poll Interval parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 46 7 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying the Metric Cost For OSPF the best path is the one that offers the least cost metric You must configure cost metrics if you want to specify a preferred path Allow the preferred path to retain the default cost metric value of 1 and then assign higher cost metric values to the less preferred paths Figure 6 3 illustrates the benefit of using configurable cost metrics Assigning the 56 Kb line a cost metric value of 10 forces OSPF to choose the faster T1 line path as the best path despite the extra hop when transmitting a packet fr
109. 627 14 00 Rev 00 Table 5 6 Customizing RIP Services BCC Match Parameters for RIP Announce Policies continued Parameter Values Function egp gateway List of IP addresses Specifies the IP address of one or more EGP gateways This policy applies to EGP advertisements that use a gateway on this list as the next hop and applies only to EGP sourced routes when EGP is included as a route source egp peer List of IP addresses Specifies the IP address of one or more EGP peers This policy applies to EGP advertisements authored by a router on this list and applies only to EGP source routes when EGP is included as a route source inbound interface List of IP addresses Specifies the address of one or more interfaces on this router This policy applies to RIP advertisements received on the interfaces on this list and applies only to RIP sourced routes when RIP is included as a route source network List of IP addresses Specifies which networks will match this policy Each identifier consists of a network number a mask and a flag to indicate whether the ID refers to a specific network or to a range of networks Enter a specific encoding of 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 to match the default route Enter a range encoding of 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 to match any route Enter an empty list to match any route ospf router id List of IP addresses Specifies the IDs of one or more OSPF routers
110. 8627 14 00 Rev 00 Starting IP Services Using Site Manager You can use Site Manager to start IP RIP OSPF and RARP and to configure a circuitless IP interface and an unnumbered interface The following sections provide instructions Topic Page Starting IP 2 5 Starting RIP 2 6 Starting OSPF 2 8 Starting RARP 2 9 Configuring a Circuitless IP Interface 2 10 Configuring an Unnumbered IP Interface 2 11 Starting IP Before you can select a protocol to run on the router you must first configure a circuit that the protocol can use as an interface to an attached network For information and instructions see Configuring WAN Line Services and Configuring Ethernet FDDI and Token Ring Services When you have successfully configured the circuit the Select Protocols window opens To start IP complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 Inthe Select Protocols window select IP Then click on OK The IP Configuration window opens 2 Set the following parameters IP Address Subnet Mask Transmit Beast Addr UnNumbered Assoc Address Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 2 3 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 2 5 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services An IP interface is now configured with default values
111. A E E T 2 4 SCAN TING Roiter DISCOV se cicrsaite Gist daria aces et ceeded tered ele ee 2 4 Pout Ca ES UES 2 2 ae epee pe eter pe me Perey Reet erp Gee rue ter epee rer rr rer reer tre 2 5 Staring IP mesus E E E E E E E E AN E E PETET 2 5 Starting P sererai oa a A E E Ea a R 2 6 Adding RIF toan IP internace sessiarosenmisiiiuian 2 7 Starting OSPF E niibi E oiana Pere eana errr oe re P S 2 8 Srog RARP sieniin R a tr trent rire 2 9 Configuring a Circuitless IP Interface ccccceeceeeeceeeceeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeseeeeeeeeteeeeeatees 2 10 Choosing Slots to Support the Circuitless Interface ccceccseceeeeseseeeeeeeeees 2 11 Configuring an Unnumbered IP Interface ccesccceeeeeceeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeneeees 2 11 Using the Alternate Associated Address Option seins echoed Schnee eka Beep 2 13 Chapter 3 Configuring and Customizing IP G siomi ing IP Global Farametere iisi ieni a a aa a 3 2 Disabling and Reesnabling Global IP sctcsscccsesccsieisanegiccccnsotrasttebieaatenrntetsouadaudccstanaeets 3 3 Configuring the Router for Not Forwarding Mode seseseeeseeeeeeesreeesresrerssnsses 3 4 Configuring Bridging on a Router in Not Forwarding Mode ounan arua ES E e Setting the Time to Live Value on a Source Packet cescceceeeeeeeeeeeeeeteeeeeeeeeeees 3 9 Allowing an All Zero or All One Subnet Address 0 cccseeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeteeeeeeneees 3 10 Estimating the Size of the Routin
112. A neighbor for this interface Enter the appropriate IP address in dotted decimal notation 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 7 1 4 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 49 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPFE gt Interfaces gt Neighbors Enable Enable Disable Allows you to enable and disable this neighbor configuration for this interface This parameter is useful if you want to temporarily disable a neighbor configuration rather than delete it Set to Disable if you want to disable this neighbor configuration Or set to Enable if you previously disabled this neighbor configuration and now want to reenable it 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 7 1 2 Priority Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Interfaces gt Neighbors 1 0 to 255 Indicates the priority of this neighbor with 255 indicating the highest priority The neighbor priority value is used in multiaccess networks for the election of the designated router If this parameter is set to 0 this router is not eligible to become the designated router on this particular network Either accept the default neighbor priority value or enter another value from 0 through 255 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 7 1 9 A 50
113. BayRS Version 14 00 Part No 308627 14 00 Rev 00 September 1999 4401 Great America Parkway Santa Clara CA 95054 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services NORTEL NETWORKS Copyright 1999 Nortel Networks All rights reserved Printed in the USA September 1999 The information in this document is subject to change without notice The statements configurations technical data and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable but are presented without express or implied warranty Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this document The information in this document is proprietary to Nortel Networks NA Inc The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement and may only be used in accordance with the terms of that license A summary of the Software License is included in this document Trademarks NORTEL NETWORKS is a trademark of Nortel Networks AN BCN FRE and Bay Networks are registered trademarks and ASN BayRS BayStack BCC and System 5000 are trademarks of Nortel Networks All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners Restricted Rights Legend Use duplication or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph c 1 ii of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252 227 7013 Notw
114. CPU resources during periods of instability 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 16 Authentication Type Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt RIP Interfaces None None Simple Specifies the way RIP handles simple authentication in RIP2 mode If you are running RIP in RIP2 mode and do not want authentication set this parameter to None If you set the parameter to Simple RIP drops all received Version updates and processes only Version 2 updates with the correct password set 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 17 Authentication Password Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt RIP Interfaces None A valid password string up to 16 characters Specifies a password Set the Authentication Type to Simple and enter a password 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 18 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Initial Stabilization Timer Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt RIP Interfaces 120 seconds 0 to 86 400 seconds Specifies the interval that RIP uses as its initial stabilization period Specify an interval that will allow RIP to learn all routes from its neighbors before sending a full routing update on the interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 19 FR ATM Service Broadcast Configuration Manager g
115. Click on the interface that you want to edit Site Manager displays the parameter values for that interface in the IP Interface List window Set the Udp Xsum On parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 9 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 3 32 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP Specifying a MAC Address or E 164 Address You can use Site Manager or the BCC to specify a MAC address or an E 164 address for this interface The IP router uses its address and this MAC address when transmitting and receiving packets on this interface Table 3 3 lists the valid settings for the MAC address parameter Table 3 3 MAC Address Parameter Settings Value Meaning 0 The IP router uses its IP address and the circuit s MAC address when transmitting packets on this interface User specified The IP router uses its IP address and this MAC address when MAC address transmitting and receiving packets on this interface E 164 address If the interface is on an SMDS circuit by default IP uses the individual SMDS configured address You can enter the entire E 164 address for example C1 617 555 5000 FFFF Using the BCC To specify a MAC address navigate to an IP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 and enter configured mac address lt address gt address is one of th
116. DS configured address To configure this parameter for a multinet or multigroup configuration see Configuring SMDS 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 24 1 10 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 9 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID TR End Station Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces Off On Off Specifies source routing over token ring selection Specify On to enable source route end station support 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 64 TR Endstation ARP Type Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces STE STE ARE Specifies the ARP type for an interface configured for token ring support For spanning tree explorer STE ARP packets use the default For all routes explorer ARE packets select ARE Set the TR End Station parameter to On 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 127 Interface MTU Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces 0 0 through 65535 Sets the maximum transmission unit MTU for an interface to a value less than the MTU of the underlying circuit If you configure a value greater than the MTU of the underlying circuit this parameter is ignored The default value 0 causes the IP interface to use the MT
117. Detect Enable parameter 6 36 308627 14 00 Rev 00 MTU Size parameter 6 35 A 48 mtu discovery command 3 26 mtu mismatch detect command 6 35 multiaccess network router priority for 6 23 Multicast Extensions parameter A 41 Multicast Forwarding parameter A 48 Multiple Nexthop Calculation Method parameter A 25 N Neighbor s IP Address parameter 6 38 6 41 A 49 Next Hop Addr parameter 3 53 A 28 Next Hop Interface Addr parameter 3 48 A 31 Next Hop Mask parameter 3 53 A 28 Nonlocal ARP Destination parameter 4 4 A 21 Nonlocal ARP Source parameter 4 4 A 20 not so stubby areas NSSA configuring 6 48 configuring an address range 6 50 definition 1 17 NSSA Def Route Type parameter A 55 NSSA Originate Def Route parameter A 54 NSSA Propagate Def Route parameter A 54 NSSA Range Mask parameter A 58 NSSA Range Net parameter A 58 NSSA Translate parameter A 53 NSSA See not so stubby areas O OSPF area ID 6 20 backbone definition 1 16 backup soloist 6 5 border router 6 53 boundary function 6 7 configuring cost metrics 6 31 database synchronization 1 13 dead interval 6 29 deleting from an interface 6 38 described 1 13 enabling and disabling 6 3 6 19 308627 14 00 Rev 00 external route tag 6 11 Hello interval 6 27 IP address for 6 4 logging messages 6 15 maximum transmission unit size 6 34 network type 6 22 poll interval 6 30 retransmit interval 6 25 router priori
118. ES otis auctor ie Ga A ENEA E a aa Ad 3 20 IP Routers Source Routing Across a Token Ring Network 0 3 35 PrO ARP ENG jne Rede cc eee erent ceeds eee 4 8 OSPF ASE Pee gases cis tae saa EN ANAE 6 9 Ao Exteel Route Tag saranen catenin 6 12 Example of Using Configurable Cost Metrics cssceceeceeeeseeeereees 6 32 Aroa Border ROMET airoski AN deans tnancisam neakatannds 6 53 Virtual Link and Transit Area n rer T T osant 6 55 IP OSPF SRI PAO aiii A E E 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 xiii Table 1 1 Table 1 2 Table 3 1 Table 3 2 Table 3 3 Table 3 4 Table 3 5 Table 4 1 Table 5 1 Table 5 2 Table 5 3 Table 5 4 Table 5 5 Table 5 6 Table 6 1 Table 6 2 Table 6 3 Table 6 4 Table 6 5 Table 6 6 Table 6 7 Table 6 8 Table 6 9 Table 6 10 Table 6 11 Table 6 12 Table 6 13 Table 6 14 Table E 1 Tables Network Classes and IP Addresses ccssscceccesseceeseesseeeessssateeeesenaaes 1 2 Subnet Masks for Class B and Class C Addresses ccscceceesteeeeeeenees 1 6 Source Routing Bridge Support for Host Only Mode ccceeeeeeeees 3 6 Learning Bridge Support for Host Only Mode ccssccceesssteeeeeeseeees Oo MAC Address Parameter Settings E ET re moieties SS BCG Adjacent Host Parameters siciccccccssessaccsaiscnccsnerenmeedadiusnadecinnds 3 47 BCC Static Route Parameters ocicsissesiandssostinssisosdusiassossnsesoedunirsootauients 3 51
119. F Metric OSPF NSSA Propagate Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions on page B 11 and on pages B 19 through B 21 8 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 67 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Specifying Matching Criteria for an OSPF Announce Policy You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify matching criteria for an OSPF announce policy Using the BCC To specify matching criteria for an OSPF announce policy navigate to the policy prompt for example stack ip ospf announce pol_1 and enter match A match prompt for the policy appears For example the following command invokes a match prompt for the OSPF announce policy pol_1 announce pol_1 ospf match match ospf announce pol_1 To supply matching criteria enter lt match_parameter gt lt value gt match_parameter value is one of the parameter value pairs listed in Table 6 14 Table 6 14 BCC Match Parameters for OSPF Announce Policies Parameter Values Function protocol source any default Specifies one or more route source identifiers direct If you select a route source ID a route from static that source that meets the other criteria of this rip policy matches the policy egp bgp bgp as List of AS numbers Specifies one or more autonomous system numbers This policy applies to BGP advertisements received from BGP peers in
120. IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 6 Set the following parameters Import AS Extern Stub Default Metric Import Summaries Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 52 7 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Configuring a Not So Stubby Area NSSA An OSPF not so stubby area NSSA is similar to an OSPF stub area except that to a limited degree an NSSA can import AS external routes Like a stub area an NSSA consumes less memory and CPU resources by preventing the flooding of AS external link state advertisements LSAs into the area and by using default routing to external destinations Unlike a stub area however an NSSA is more flexible because it can import external routes into an OSPF routing domain You must configure type 7 address ranges to allow OSPF NSSA border routers to control the summarization of external routes for the NSSA For example the NSSA in Figure 1 6 on page 1 16 has been configured to import type 7 LSAs through NSSA AS boundary router 15 NSSA border router 11 then translates type 7 LSAs with the propagate bit set to type 5 LSAs and floods them into all non stub areas Using the BCC To configure a not so stubby area NSSA navigate to the area prompt for example box ip ospf area 0 0 0 1 and enter area type nssa To change the de
121. IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Global The Edit OSPF Global Parameters window opens continued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 7 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Site Manager Procedure continued 5 Set the AS Boundary Router parameter You do this System responds Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 38 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Configuring the Metric Type for an ASE Advertisement Note This parameter applies to boundary routers only Each ASE that a boundary router injects into the AS includes a type or type 2 metric The type 1 metric is equivalent to the metric of the non OSPF route The type 2 metric is either the metric of the non OSPF route or the weight value calculated for that route Figure 6 1 for example shows three routers in an OSPF domain Router A and router B are both configured to generate ASE routes using the route weight as the type 2 metric Router A and router B both learn a route to destination X The following steps occur 1 2 Boundary router A learns a route to destination X via EGP Boundary router A advertises the route to the internal router as an OSPF ASE route The type 2 metric in the advertisement contains the route weight value calculated for the EGP route to destination X Boundary router B learns a route to destina
122. LUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE In addition the program and information contained herein are licensed only pursuant to a license agreement that contains restrictions on use and disclosure that may incorporate by reference certain limitations and notices imposed by third parties ji 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Nortel Networks NA Inc Software License Agreement NOTICE Please carefully read this license agreement before copying or using the accompanying software or installing the hardware unit with pre enabled software each of which is referred to as Software in this Agreement BY COPYING OR USING THE SOFTWARE YOU ACCEPT ALL OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT THE TERMS EXPRESSED IN THIS AGREEMENT ARE THE ONLY TERMS UNDER WHICH NORTEL NETWORKS WILL PERMIT YOU TO USE THE SOFTWARE If you do not accept these terms and conditions return the product unused and in the original shipping container within 30 days of purchase to obtain a credit for the full purchase price 1 License Grant Nortel Networks NA Inc Nortel Networks grants the end user of the Software Licensee a personal nonexclusive nontransferable license a to use the Software either on a single computer or if applicable on a single authorized device identified by host ID for which it was originally acquired b to copy the Software solely for backup purposes in suppor
123. MS AND CONDITIONS LICENSEE FURTHER AGREES THAT THIS AGREEMENT IS THE ENTIRE AND EXCLUSIVE AGREEMENT BETWEEN NORTEL NETWORKS AND LICENSEE WHICH SUPERSEDES ALL PRIOR ORAL AND WRITTEN AGREEMENTS AND COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE PARTIES PERTAINING TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS AGREEMENT NO DIFFERENT OR ADDITIONAL TERMS WILL BE ENFORCEABLE AGAINST NORTEL NETWORKS UNLESS NORTEL NETWORKS GIVES ITS EXPRESS WRITTEN CONSENT INCLUDING AN EXPRESS WAIVER OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT iv 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Contents Preface BY IR UU E acta E E T E E A eat ais xvii PTO AES ac casas cos cat e E xviii PTO E dace cisedestna asians pean iat aR nae i ese xix PRUE UO AU Ie ests E meena A en cox E A sel nadie A TTE xxi Fonto Gor HEI aparin a a xxii Chapter 1 IP Concepts Terminology and Features e E A A E E E E E E T 1 2 peT AJI ESEN a kansas N eae Enel 1 4 AIG AOR SSE oosina ai ERNA NOE O EENEN 1 7 Classless Interdomain ROING sissisotaa anana aa a aaraa 1 8 SPATS HIBS or ENE aiae A E A hited 1 8 Address Resolution Proloco ARPI scscsccarscecnopusdeactsasydeaensaeinagntwnsivdadeseianadaers mictonnannaees 1 10 Reverse Address Resolution Protocol RARP assssssssssssrresssrrnnsrrnrnesrnnnnnsrnnnnesrnnnnnns 1 12 Routing iniormaton Protocol RIP Yeo tiiccscsctioresuedconsasmicraanssaeraaciasdmmnsannmuennereniiuees 1 13 Open Shortest Path First OSPF Protocol ccecseeeseeeeees eee eee cians oe TS OSPF Addresses and Variable Length Masks
124. Manager Procedure You do this System responds choose Protocols 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Policy Filters The IP policies menu opens 4 Choose RIP The RIP policies menu opens continued 5 30 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing RIP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 5 Choose Accept Policies The RIP Accept Policy Filters window opens 6 Select the policy that you want to edit 7 Set the following parameters Networks From Gateway e Received on Interface Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions on pages B 3 and B 5 8 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Defining a RIP Announce Policy To define a new RIP announce policy you must do the following e Supply a name for the policy e Specify whether RIP announces or ignores an update that matches the policy e Rank the policy according to precedence and other criteria You can use the BCC or Site Manager to define a RIP announce policy Using the BCC To define a new announce policy navigate to the RIP global prompt for example box ip rip and enter announce lt policy_name gt policy_name is a unique name for the announce policy A policy specific prompt appears indicating that the BCC has created the policy
125. Name e Networks Action Route Preference Rule Precedence Type Tag Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions on pages B 2 through B 4 and pages B 6 and B 7 8 Click on OK 9 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the OSPF Accept Policy Filters window You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Specifying Matching Criteria for an OSPF Accept Policy You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify matching criteria for the policy Using the BCC To specify matching criteria for an accept policy navigate to the policy prompt for example box ip ospf accept pol_1 and enter match A match prompt appears for the policy To specify matching criteria enter lt mMatch_criterion gt lt value gt match_criterion value is one of the pairs listed in Table 6 11 Table 6 11 BCC Match Parameters for OSPF Accept Policies Parameter Values Function ase type any default type type2 Describes which type of OSPF ASE route matches this policy ase tag List of tag values Specifies OSPF tag values that could be present in an OSPF ASE advertisement This policy applies to OSPF ASE advertisements that contain the tag values in this list network List of IP addresses Specifies the networks that match this policy Each specification consists of a network IP a
126. OSPF interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Interfaces The OSPF Interfaces window opens 5 Click on the interface that you want to edit The parameter values for that interface appear in the OSPF Interfaces window continued 6 20 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 6 Set the Area ID parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 43 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying the Interface Type OSPF supports the following types of interfaces Broadcast An interface connected to a broadcast network that supports multiple routers OSPF can address a single physical message to all attached routers Examples of such a network are Ethernet FDDI and token ring Nonbroadcast multi access NBMA An interface to an NBMA network that supports multiple routers However OSPF cannot address a single physical message to all routers Examples of such a network are frame relay and X 25 Point to point An interface to a point to point network that joins a single pair of OSPF routers An exa
127. P address Enter the subnet mask in dotted decimal notation 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 6 A 4 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Broadcast Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces Broadcast address specified when you added IP to the circuit 0 0 0 0 or any IP address Specifies the broadcast address that the IP router uses to broadcast packets Accepting 0 0 0 0 for the broadcast address specifies that the IP router will use a broadcast address with a host portion of all ones Accepting 0 0 0 0 does not configure the router to use the address 0 0 0 0 to broadcast packets For example if you set the IP address to 123 1 1 1 and the subnet mask to 255 255 255 0 accepting the default value 0 0 0 0 configures the IP router to use the address 123 1 1 255 to broadcast packets For the explicit broadcast address of all ones enter 255 255 255 255 for this parameter Accept the default 0 0 0 0 unless the calculated broadcast address host portion of all ones is not adequate If this is the case then enter the appropriate IP broadcast address in dotted decimal notation 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 9 Cost Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces 1 1 to the value of the RIP diameter maximum 127 S
128. P diameter is a hop count that RIP uses to denote infinity For RIP to operate properly every router within the network must be configured with an identical RIP diameter value If RIP is enabled this parameter specifies the maximum number of hops within the autonomous system if RIP is not enabled IP uses the RIP diameter to determine network width You must set this parameter so that the interface cost static cost or route filter cost parameters do not exceed the RIP diameter The default RIP diameter value is 15 hops Nortel Networks recommends that you accept the default value However you can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify a different RIP diameter value Using the BCC To change the RIP diameter value navigate to the global RIP prompt for example box ip rip and enter rip diameter lt infinity gt infinity is a hop count indicating RIP infinity Using Site Manager To change the RIP diameter value complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Global The Edit IP Global Parameters window opens 4 Set the RIP Diameter parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 22 5 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 5 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing a RIP Interfac
129. PVC VPI VCI pair or for an ATM SVC the address of the ATM interface Enter the MAC address as a 12 digit hexadecimal number canonical format a 32 digit hexadecimal number SMDS a VPI VCI pair for example 0 32 or a 40 digit ATM address for example 390000000000000000000000000000A20037B801 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 6 1 6 Host Encapsulation Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Adjacent Hosts Ethernet Ethernet SNAP PDN DDN SNAPIP NULL Specifies the adjacent host s encapsulation method Select Ethernet or SNAP if you are defining a point to point network interface or if the adjacent host resides on an Ethernet For an X 25 interface select PDN or DDN For an adjacent host on an ATM logical IP subnet select SNAP SNAPIP and NULL also specify host encapsulation methods for ATM networks 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 6 1 7 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 31 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Remote Party Sub Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Adjacent Hosts None An SVC subaddress Specifies the subaddress used to establish an SVC to the adjacent host Supply a valid SVC subaddress 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 6 1 10 Remo
130. Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens Choose Interfaces The IP Interface List window opens Click on the interface that you want to edit The window displays the parameter values for that interface 5 Set the Unnumbered Associated Alternate parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 17 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Note In some configurations changing the associated address can affect the way routes are advertised For example if you change the associated address for an unnumbered interface configured with RIP you may change the way RIP advertises subnets 308627 14 00 Rev 00 2 13 Chapter 3 Configuring and Customizing IP You customize IP services by setting parameters as described under the following topics Topic Page Customizing IP Global Parameters 3 2 Customizing an IP Interface 3 20 Configuring an Adjacent Host Address 3 46 Defining a Static Route 3 49 Configuring and Customizing Router Discovery 3 54 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 1 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Customizing IP Global Parameters When you configure an IP interface on a slot IP is automatically configured globally on the slot with default values for all global parameters You customize global IP by modifying global IP parameters as described under the following
131. RP RIP and OSPF Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 5 Set the Interface MTU parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 10 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Configuring an SMDS Address By default if the interface is connected to an SMDS network IP uses the SMDS configured addresses You can use Site Manager to supply the following e Acomplete SMDS E 164 address specified by the SMDS subscription agreement that you have with your SMDS provider e An address resolution multicast address for this IP interface in an SMDS network Note Make sure to enter the correct addresses for the MAC Address SMDS Group Address and SMDS Arp Request Address parameters These addresses are the same as those you entered for the Individual Address Group Address and ARP Address parameters in the SMDS Configuration window when you configured SMDS To configure an SMDS address complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Interfaces The IP Interface List window opens continued 3 38 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP Site Manager Procedure continued You do this
132. SAs are not imported to the NSSA However if type 3 LSAs are imported to the NSSA the ABR generates type 7 LSAs specifying the default route The stub metric is the cost of the type 3 or type 7 default route This parameter has meaning only when the Import AS Extern parameter is set to Import No External or Import NSSA Either accept the stub metric default value 1 or supply the appropriate stub metric value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 2 1 7 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Import Summaries Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Areas True True False Specifies whether summary advertisements are imported by an NSSA or stub area This parameter should not be set to True unless the Import AS Extern parameter is set to Import No External or Import NSSA Set to False if you do not want to import summary advertisements to the area Otherwise accept the default True 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 2 1 8 Cost for PtP Links Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPEF gt Areas Enable Enable Disable Indicates whether OSPF calculates the cost for a point to point link Enable or disable cost calculation as required 1 3
133. SPF Areas window opens 5 Click on the area that you want to edit The parameter values for that area appear in the OSPF Areas window 6 Set the Authentication Type parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 51 7 Click on Apply and then click on Done 8 If you set the Authentication Type to Simplepassword choose Protocols You return to the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens 9 Choose IP The IP menu opens 10 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 11 Choose Interfaces The OSPF Interfaces window opens 12 Click on the OSPF interface that you want to edit The parameter values for that interface appear in the OSPF Interfaces window 13 Set the Password parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 47 14 Click on Apply and then click on Done Configuring a Summary Route You return to the Configuration Manager window OSPF border routers generate summary advertisements for their attached areas Each summary advertisement specifies a range of destinations in an area An area range specification consists of a network address and a variable length mask For example a summary advertisement for the destination 140 191 0 0 with a mask of 255 255 0 0 describes a single route to the collection of destinations 140 191 0 0 through 140 191 255 255 When a packet is forwarded it is always fo
134. SPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens Choose Interfaces The OSPF Interfaces window opens neJ V N Click on the OSPF interface to which you want to add a neighbor The parameter values for that interface appear in the OSPF Interfaces window continued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 37 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 6 Click on Neighbors The OSPF Neighbors window opens 7 Click on Add The OSPF Neighbor Configuration window opens 8 Set the Neighbor s IP Address parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 49 9 Click on OK You return to the OSPF Neighbors window 10 Set the following parameters Enable Priority Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 50 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the OSPF Interfaces window Deleting OSPF from an IP Interface To delete OSPF from an interface on which it is currently configured proceed as follows Using the BCC To delete OSPF from an interface navigate to an OSPF interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 ospf and enter delete For example the following command deletes OSPF from interface 2 2 2 2 ospf 2 2 2 2 delete ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 255 0 6 38 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services
135. SPF accept policy you must do the following e Supply a name for the policy e Specify whether OSPF accepts or ignores an update that matches the policy e Rank the policy according to preference precedence and other criteria You can use the BCC or Site Manager to define an OSPF accept policy Using the BCC To define a new OSPF accept policy navigate to the OSPF global prompt for example box ip ospf and enter accept lt policy_name gt policy_name is a unique name for the OSPF accept policy A policy specific prompt appears indicating that the BCC has created the policy using default values for all parameters For example the following command creates an accept policy named pol_1 ospf accept pol_1 accept pol_1 ospf To customize the default values for a policy enter lt parameter gt lt value gt parameter value is one of the parameter value pairs listed in Table 6 10 6 58 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Table 6 10 Customizing OSPF Services BCC Definition Parameters for OSPF Accept Policies Parameter Values Function state enabled default disabled Enables and disables the policy you created action preference ignore default accept 1 default to 16 Specifies whether the protocol ignores a route that matches the policy or forwards the route to the routing table manager Assigns a metric value the higher the number the greater the preference to a route that the pro
136. Set the following parameters IP Adjacent Host Address MAC ATM Address DLCI VPI VCI Host Encapsulation Adjacent Host Address Remote Party Sub Address Remote Party Type of Number Adjacent Host Type Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 30 6 Click on OK The IP Adjacent Hosts window displays the adjacent host you just configured 7 Set the following parameters Enable Next Hop Interface Addr Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 30 8 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 3 48 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP Defining a Static Route A static route is a manually configured route that specifies the transmission path a datagram must follow based on the datagram s destination address A static route specifies a transmission path to another network You configure a static route if you want to restrict datagrams to paths you specifically configure Static routes remain in IP routing tables until you remove them Note however that if the interface that was used to reach the next hop in the static route becomes disabled the static route is deleted from the IP routing table You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify the following e The state active or inactive of the static route record in the IP routing tables e The IP address of
137. U value of the underlying circuit This parameter affects the transmission of IP frames only Transmitted frames that are larger than the MTU value set using this parameter are fragmented into smaller frames This parameter does not affect frames accepted by the driver Specify a value 1 through 65535 less than that of the underlying circuit Otherwise accept the default value 0 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 24 1 63 A 10 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters AMR Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces Disabled Enabled Disabled Specifies whether this interface generates Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP address mask reply messages in response to valid address mask request messages The interface generates ICMP address mask reply messages in compliance with the relevant sections of RFCs 950 and 1009 Select Enabled to enable ICMP address mask reply message generation on this interface Select Disabled to disable ICMP address mask reply message generation on this interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 24 1 13 Redirect Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces Enable Enable Disable Indicates whether this interface sends out ICMP redirects ICMP redirects are messages sent by the router to alert a ho
138. UnNumbered Assoc Address Select IP from the Select Protocols window and click on OK None Any valid IP address Specifies an address that IP uses when sourcing a packet RIP uses this address to make decisions about advertising subnets over the unnumbered interface RIP advertises subnets over the unnumbered interface if the subnets have the same mask as the associated address Specify the address of any numbered interface on the router If you are running RIP over the unnumbered interface and if you are using a subnet address as the associated address the local and remote associated addresses should have the same network number If you configure local and remote associated addresses using different network numbers you must use RIP2 mode 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 110 IP Interface Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables IP routing on this interface Set to Disable to disable IP routing over this circuit 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 2 Mask Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces Subnet mask specified when you added IP to the circuit Depends on the class of the network to which the interface connects Specifies the network and subnetwork portion of the 32 bit I
139. Using the BCC To disable or reenable MTU mismatch detect navigate to an OSPF interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 ospf and enter mtu mismatch detect lt state gt state is one of the following enabled default disabled 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 35 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services For example the following command disables the MTU mismatch detect option on IP interface 2 2 2 2 ospf 2 2 2 2 mtu mismatch detect disabled ospf 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To disable or reenable MTU mismatch detect complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens Choose Interfaces The OSPF Interfaces window opens neJ L N Click on the OSPF interface that you want to edit The parameter values for that interface appear in the OSPF Interfaces window Set the MTU Mismatch Detect Enable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 49 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Configuring a Neighbor on an NBMA Interface In a nonbroadcast multi access network neighbors are not learned dynamically You can use the BCC or Site Manager to enable and disable the ne
140. a broadcast network you should use the default setting 10 seconds Table 6 4 lists the suggested settings for network types supported by OSPF Table 6 4 Hello Interval Settings Network Type Suggested Hello Interval seconds Broadcast 10 default Point to point 15 NBMA 20 Point to multipoint 15 Note This value must be the same for all routers attached to the same network 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 27 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify a Hello interval Using the BCC To set the Hello interval navigate to an OSPF interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 ospf and enter hello interval lt interval gt interval is the number of seconds between Hello messages For example the following command causes OSPF to transmit a Hello message every 20 seconds on IP interface 2 2 2 2 ospf 2 2 2 2 hello interval 20 ospf 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To set the Hello interval complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Interfaces The OSPF Interfaces window opens 5 Click on the OSPF interface that you want The parameter values for that interface to edit
141. a naa 5 12 Receiving RIF Updates on an Interface coos cecccveck cocentersseentacs sodsiuvussdcoiiuocsteonniuends 5 14 Supplying a Default Route on an Interface eee eer beh seein osoei E a15 Listening tor a Default ROUS seccksssscerzciaysssteesiasenintl widielia a LE Configuring a RIP Interface for Dial Optimized Routing cceccceeeeeeeeeees 5 18 SC an Update Merval arcaei naa 5 18 Specifying a Timegut Perio sennesnerininenssnn a A Specifying a Holddown Period etre reer rere rare EET aa 5 21 eI a aL INS ATI TINE cscs cares eniai aia aa n 5 22 Deleting RIF from an Merate sass seh rcacss SS ortamek pchvce us sy caren ache eaiaSeceamay So ieutay cetekome 5 23 viii 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring RIP Accept and Announce Policies cccsssceeeeesseeeeeeentaeeesessneeeessnaes 5 24 Being a RIF Accepi PONY oi ssoteouseicesneuim iaon aoe aE AASA AN 5 25 Supplying Modification Values for a RIP Accept Policy cccecssseeeeesteeeeeeenees 5 28 Specifying Matching Criteria for a RIP Accept Policy ccccccccsssseeesssteeeeeenes 5 29 Defining a RIP Announce Policy BR E E E errr manna 5 31 Supplying Modification Values for a RIP Announce PONCY ciccesscccivcnsnpecissasctacuadescats 5 33 Specifying Matching Criteria for a RIP Announce Policy ccccsesceeeeeeeeeeees 5 35 Chapter 6 Customizing OSPF Services Gustomizmng OSPF Global ParametBis arrra aa 6 2 Enabling and Disabl
142. able parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 4 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 3 22 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP Specifying a Broadcast Address for an Interface In broadcasting the IP router transmits a single packet to every host on an attached network To do so it uses a broadcast address that refers to all hosts on the network A broadcast address is simply an IP address that contains all ones or all zeros in the host portion For example the IP Class C address 10 3 45 12 has the following characteristics e Because the address is for a Class A network the network portion is 1 byte the host portion contains 3 bytes e Because the host portion of a broadcast address consists of all ones or all zeros the broadcast address for that network can be one of the following 10 255 255 255 10 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 or 0 0 0 0 You configure a broadcast address for a subnet differently from the way you configure a broadcast address for a network When you extend the network portion of the IP address to create a subnet address you automatically take away from the host portion of the address To configure a subnet broadcast you take the subnet mask for that subnet and invert it For example if the IP address of the subnet is 10 4 2 3 and the mask is 255 255 0 0 then the subnet broadcast address is eith
143. abling redirect messages 3 29 Internet Network Information Center NIC 1 2 Inverse ARP 4 5 IP deleting from an interface using Site Manager 3 45 deleting from an interface using the BCC 3 45 described 1 2 equal cost multipath 3 15 global enabling and disabling 3 3 forwarding mode 3 4 interface all subnet broadcasting on 3 30 cost of 3 25 E 164 address for 3 33 enabling and disabling 3 22 MAC address for 3 33 MTU discovery on 3 26 UDP checksum processing on 3 31 Index 4 policies maximum number of accept and announce 3 13 starting 2 5 IP address acquiring through RARP services 1 12 network classes 1 2 specifying in dotted decimal notation 1 3 IP Address parameter IP configuration 2 5 A 2 OSPF 2 8 2 9 RARP 4 14 A 36 RIP 2 6 IP OSPF Maximum Path parameter 3 17 A 25 IP router internal routing tables 1 20 L Lifetime parameter 3 59 A 34 listen command 5 14 log mask command 6 16 MAC Address parameter adjacent host A 31 IP interface 3 34 A 9 RARP 4 14 A 35 MAC address for IP interface 3 33 Mask parameter IP interface 2 11 A 4 NSSA range A 58 mask reply command 3 28 Maximum Interval parameter 3 58 A 34 Maximum Policy Rules parameter 3 14 A 24 metric command 6 33 Metric Cost parameter 6 33 A 47 Metric parameter A 57 Minimum Interval parameter 3 58 A 33 mode command 5 10 mtu command 6 34 MTU Discovery parameter IP 3 27 A 6 MTU Mismatch
144. advertising a route that matches this policy Set the Action parameter to Announce If you use the default the RIP metric is the routing table metric calculated for RIP plus the interface cost 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 23 B 18 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Routing Policy Parameters OSPF Announce Policy Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID OSPF Type Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies 0 Type 1 Type 210 Specifies an OSPF ASE metric type to use in advertisements for routes that match this policy Enter 0 if you want to use the default metric that IP includes in the advertisement based on the route source For a BGP EGP or RIP route the default is Type 2 For routes from all other sources the default is Type 1 Set the Action parameter to Announce 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 22 OSPF Tag Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies Null Null or a tag value Specifies a value for the OSPF external route tag field If the outgoing route matches this policy the router places this value in the field Set the Action parameter to Propagate and set the BGP OSPF Automatic Tag parameter to Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 23 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configu
145. age A 7 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Selecting an Encapsulation Option for ARP and Probe If you select ARP Probe or ARP Probe you must also select the appropriate data link encapsulation option as follows e If your address resolution scheme is ARP only select Ethernet encapsulation SNAP encapsulation or Ethernet SNAP encapsulation e If your resolution scheme is HP Probe only select LSAP encapsulation e If your resolution scheme is ARP Probe select Ethernet LSAP encapsulation SNAP LSAP encapsulation or Ethernet SNAP LSAP encapsulation IP ignores this parameter if the underlying media is anything other than Ethernet By default IP uses ARP Ethernet encapsulation You can use Site Manager to specify an encapsulation scheme Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Interfaces The IP Interface List window opens 4 Click on the interface that you want to edit Site Manager displays the parameter values for that interface in the IP Interface List window continued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 4 7 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 5 Set the Ethernet Arp Encaps parameter Click on He
146. ager to disable and reenable this feature as required Using the BCC To disable or reenable support for route filters navigate to the IP global prompt for example box ip and enter route filters lt siate gt state is one of the following enabled default disabled 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP Using Site Manager To disable or reenable support for route filters complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Global The Edit IP Global Parameters window opens 4 Set the Route Filter Support parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 24 5 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Configuring Equal Cost Multipath Support for RIP and OSPF By default the IP routing table stores a single best RIP route and a single best OSPF route to a given destination If either protocol submits another route to the same destination IP compares the new route with the current route If the new route is better IP replaces the current route with the new route If not IP discards the new route IP equal cost multipath ECMP support is a load balancing feature that allows IP to distribute traffic over multiple up to five equal cost paths to the same destination IP su
147. al broadcasts For example in Figure 1 4 the router and host C are on the same physical network Both devices have an assigned IP address the router s is 140 250 200 1 and host C s is 140 250 200 4 and both devices have an assigned physical address the router s is 00 00 A2 00 00 01 and host C s is 00 00 A2 00 10 40 La 140 250 200 1 Router 0000 A200 00 01 140 250 200 0 E a A B 140 250 200 2 140 250 200 3 140 250 200 4 00 00 A2 00 10 20 00 00 A2 00 10 30 00 00 A2 00 10 40 IPOO10A Figure 1 4 ARP Example 1 10 308627 14 00 Rev 00 IP Concepts Terminology and Features In Figure 1 4 the router wants to send a packet to host C but knows only host C s IP address The router uses ARP to determine host C s physical address as follows 1 The router broadcasts a special packet called an ARP request that asks IP address 140 250 200 4 to respond with its physical address 2 All network hosts receive the broadcast request 3 Only host C responds with its hardware address The router maps host C s IP address 140 250 200 4 to its physical address 00 00 A2 00 10 40 and saves the results in an address resolution cache for future use The router can send ARP requests even if ARP which is a dynamically loaded module is not currently loaded on the router To ensure that ARP is loaded correctly on a slot using Site Manager choose Events Manager gt Options gt
148. ange The range mask is not restricted to the natural address class mask for the address supplied in the NSSA Range Net parameter Enter the appropriate subnet mask in dotted decimal notation Not applicable A 58 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt NSSA Ranges Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables this address range for type 7 AS external LSAs within the NSSA You can use this parameter to temporarily disable an NSSA range Set to Disable if you want to disable this NSSA address range Otherwise accept the default Enable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 12 1 2 Mask Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt NSSA Ranges None Any subnet mask Allows you to change the subnet mask you assigned to the range of NSSA type 7 subnets The network address together with the mask specifies the type 7 subnets to be grouped in this NSSA range Only one type 5 LSA will be generated for all type 7 subnets in this range rather than one type 5 LSA for each type 7 subnet imported by the NSSA Enter the appropriate subnet mask in dotted decimal notation 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 12 1 4 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services
149. ansit Delay parameter OSPF interface 6 25 A 44 OSPF virtual interface 6 56 A 62 transit delay estimating for OSPF 6 24 transit delay command 6 24 Transmit Beast Addr parameter IP configuration 2 5 A 3 OSPF 2 8 2 9 RIP 2 6 Triggered Updates parameter 5 12 A 69 triggered updates command 5 11 type command 6 22 Type parameter OSPF interface 6 23 A 43 U Udp Xsum On parameter 3 32 A 9 udp checksum command 3 31 UnNumbered Assoc Address parameter IP configuration 2 5 A 4 OSPF 2 8 2 9 RIP 2 6 Unnumbered Associated Alternate parameter 2 13 A 17 Unnumbered CCT Name parameter 3 53 A 29 unnumbered interface definition 2 11 update mode RIP 5 4 V version command 5 5 virtual link OSPF 6 54 Index 8 Ww WAN address configuring for frame relay network 3 39 weight definition 1 21 Z Zero Subnet Enable parameter 3 11 A 22 308627 14 00 Rev 00
150. appear in the OSPF Interfaces window 6 Set the Hello Interval parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 45 7 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 6 28 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Setting the Dead Interval The dead interval is the number of seconds that OSPF waits to receive a Hello packet from a neighbor before considering the neighbor to be down The dead interval value should be some multiple of the Hello interval value Each type of network has an optimum dead interval If the interface is connected to a broadcast network you should use the default setting 40 seconds Table 6 5 lists the suggested settings for network types supported by OSPF Table 6 5 Dead Interval Settings Network Type Suggested Dead Interval seconds Broadcast 40 default Point to point 60 NBMA 80 Point to multipoint 60 Note This value must be the same for all routers attached to the same network You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify a dead interval Using the BCC To set a dead interval navigate to an OSPF interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 ospf and enter dead interval lt interval gt interval is the dead interval expressed in seconds For example the following command causes OSPF to wait 60 seconds on IP interface 2 2 2 2 for a Hello message before
151. arameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Export Mask Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt RIP gt Export Filters 0 0 0 0 Depends on the address class of the network address Specifies the range of addresses upon which this filter acts For example consider Class B network 172 32 0 0 which allocates the upper 8 bits of the host identification field to the subnet ID and the final 8 bits to the host ID The address mask directs the filtering process to a specific portion of the IP address In other words any IP address that matches the masked portion of 172 32 0 0 is subject to filtering If you enter 255 255 0 0 for this parameter only the network ID portion of the address will be filtered If you enter the mask 255 255 255 0 for this parameter the network ID and subnet ID portions of the address will be filtered If you set the Export Address field to 0 0 0 0 and set this parameter to 0 0 0 0 then the filter applies to all routes If you set the Export Address field to 0 0 0 0 and set this parameter to 255 255 255 255 then the filter applies to the default route Enter the appropriate mask in dotted decimal notation 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 9 1 4 From Protocol Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt RIP gt Export Filters Any Any RIP EGP OSPF D
152. ast address are both valid the router cannot distinguish an all subnets broadcast from a directed broadcast for the zero subnet 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 1 10 A 22 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Estimated Networks Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Global 0 0 to 2 147 483 647 Allows the IP software to preallocate system resources based on the anticipated size of the routing table Preallocation of memory increases the speed with which IP software can learn routes because it removes the overhead caused by dynamic memory allocation Preallocation also makes better use of memory and reduces the amount of memory required Set to the number of networks including unique subnets that you expect Avoid using a number that is excessively large This will cause a wasteful overallocation of memory If you use the default value 0 IP software preallocates memory for 500 routing table entries 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 1 11 Estimated Hosts Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Global 0 0 to 2 147 483 647 Allows the IP software to preallocate system resources based on the anticipated size of the routing table Preallocation of memory increases the speed with which IP software can learn routes because it removes the over
153. at you specify Do not accept the default value 0 0 0 0 When the router receives a RARP request from the client it assigns this IP address to the client and includes it in a response packet 308627 14 00 Rev 00 4 13 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Disabling and Reenabling RARP Globally To specify a client s MAC address and its IP address complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP Choose Reverse ARP The IP menu opens The Reverse ARP menu opens Choose Map Table The RARP Map Table window opens Click on Add The RARP Addresses window opens O a AR V N Set the following parameters MAC Address IP Address Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 35 7 Click on OK You return to the RARP Map Table window 8 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window To globally disable or reenable RARP on all router interfaces on which it is configured complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Reverse ARP The Reverse ARP menu opens 4 Cho
154. atch any route Use the default empty list to match any route RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 1 1 5 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 3 1 5 Action Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Accept Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Accept Policies Accept Accept Ignore Specifies whether the protocol ignores a route that matches the policy or forwards the route to the routing table manager Specify Accept to consider the route for insertion in the routing table To drop the route specify Ignore RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 1 1 6 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 3 1 6 308627 14 00 Rev 00 B 3 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Route Preference Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Accept Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Accept Policies 1 1 to 16 Assigns a metric value the higher the number the greater the preference to a route that the protocol forwards to the routing table manager If confronted with multiple routes to the same destination the routing table manager may need to use this value to d
155. atically included a default route in the table or if the router has learned the default route 0 0 0 0 dynamically If you select Generate RIP advertises a default route whether or not a default route is present in the routing table This parameter does not cause RIP to create a routing table entry for a default route the route will not be visible in the routing table 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 7 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Default Route Listen Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt RIP Interfaces Disable Enable Disable Specifies whether or not IP adds default route information to its internal routing table Select Enable to configure the RIP interface to listen for and potentially add the default route 0 0 0 0 information to its internal routing table Note that you must also enable RIP Listen on this interface A configured policy can override this setting Select Disable to prohibit the RIP interface from adding the default route 0 0 0 0 information to its internal routing table 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 8 Poisoned Reverse Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt RIP Interfaces Poisoned Poisoned Actual Split Specifies how the RIP interface advertises routes it learn
156. ault value of 120 seconds or set this parameter to a slightly higher number for slower speed serial lines 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 5 1 13 A 46 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Metric Cost Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Interfaces 1 1 to 65 535 Indicates the cost of using this type of service on this interface Nortel Networks suggests the following values for this parameter for 100 Mb s or greater 1 for Ethernet 802 3 10 for E1 48 for T1 65 for 64 Kb s 1562 for 56 Kb s 1785 for 19 2 Kb s 5208 for 9 6 Kb s 10416 This parameter allows you to configure preferred paths If you do want to configure a preferred path allow that path to retain the default value of 1 or assign it a relatively low metric cost Then assign the less preferred paths a higher metric cost value Either accept the default value 1 or enter a larger number for a slower path or a backup route 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 5 1 16 Password Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Interfaces None Any ASCII string up to eight characters long Specifies the password used for this area You can specify a password up to eight ASCII characters in length that will appear in the authentication field of all
157. aximum preference value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 5 1 8 Unnumbered CCT Name Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Static Routes None A valid circuit name Specifies the local router circuit associated with the static route over an unnumbered interface An entry for a route using an unnumbered interface must include the circuit associated with the interface Use this parameter to specify that circuit name 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 5 1 11 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 29 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Adjacent Host Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Adjacent Hosts Enable Enable Disable Specifies the state active or inactive of the adjacent host in the IP routing tables Select Disable to make the adjacent host record inactive in the IP routing table the IP router will not consider this adjacent host Select Enable to make the adjacent host record active again in the IP routing table 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 6 1 2 IP Adjacent Host Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Adjacent Hosts gt Add None Any valid IP address Specifies the IP address of the device for which you want
158. bed in RFC 1364 superseded by RFC 1403 for BGP OSPF Interaction Set to Enable if you are running BGP 3 as your exterior gateway protocol 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 11 1 9 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Appendix D Route Weight Worksheet This appendix provides a worksheet that you can use to calculate route weights for OSPF RIP EGP BGP and static routes 1 Select one route from the following list Direct 0 OSPF internal 0 OSPF external 16 OSPF import preference RIP 16 RIP import preference EGP 16 EGP import preference BGP 16 BGP import preference Static 16 SR preference 2 Multiply the value associated with the route by the following decimal or hexadecimal value 134217728 x or 0x8000000 x_ 308627 14 00 Rev 00 D 1 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services 3 Select one route from the following list Direct 0 OSPF intra area internal O OSPF inter area internal 1 OSPF type 1 external 2 OSPF type 2 external 3 Non OSPF external RIP 3 EGP BGP Static 3 4 Multiply the value associated with the route by the following decimal or hexadecimal value 16777216 x or 0x1000000 x 5 Select one route from the following list Direct OSPF internal OSPF type 2 external w ASE metric support enabled EBGP 2 RIP 4 EGP 5 Static 6 OSPF type 2 external wASE 7 metric support disabled
159. ble This accept policy controls only what the local router uses it does not affect the propagation of non self originated external information to other routers e An OSPF announce policy can be used on a boundary router to control which self originated external routing updates are placed in the link state database for distribution according to the OSPF standard The announce policy affects what other routers learn only with regard to the local boundary router s self originated information When you configure a policy IP operates according to the following rules e IP compares routing information against the match criteria in active policies e Ifa match occurs IP reviews other matching policies for precedence e IP applies the matching policy with the highest precedence to the routing information and takes the specified action e IP uses the values of any set criteria in the policy to change the content of the routing information The following topics describe how to configure OSPF policies Topic Page Defining an OSPF Accept Policy 6 58 Specifying Matching Criteria for an OSPF Accept Policy 6 61 Defining an OSPF Announce Policy 6 63 Specifying Modification Values for an OSPF Announce Policy 6 65 Specifying Matching Criteria for an OSPF Announce Policy 6 68 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 57 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Defining an OSPF Accept Policy To define a new O
160. ce B 15 Received on Interface accept B 5 Received on RIP Interface announce B 12 Received OSPF Tag announce B 14 Received OSPF Type announce B 13 Route Preference accept B 4 Rule Precedence accept B 4 Tag accept B 7 Type accept B 6 Poll Interval parameter 6 31 A 46 poll interval OSPF 6 30 poll interval command 6 30 Preference parameter 3 53 A 29 preference definition 1 20 Primary Log Mask parameter 6 17 A 40 priority command 6 23 Priority parameter 6 38 A 50 product support xxii Proxy ARP 4 8 proxy command 4 9 Proxy parameter 4 10 A 8 publications hard copy xxi related xxi Index 6 R Range Mask parameter 6 46 A 56 Range Net parameter 6 46 A 55 RARP customizing 4 12 defining the mapping table for 4 13 deleting globally 4 15 disabling and reenabling on an interface 4 13 disabling globally 4 14 overview 1 12 starting 2 9 RARP on an interface 4 13 Redirect parameter 3 30 A 11 Registration Refresh Interval parameter 3 44 A 18 Remote Party Sub Address parameter 3 48 A 32 retransmission interval command 6 26 retransmit interval for OSPF 6 25 Retransmit Interval parameter OSPF interface 6 27 A 45 OSPF virtual interface 6 56 A 62 Reverse Address Resolution Protocol See RARP RFC 1583 Compatibility Enable parameter A 42 RIP adding to an interface 2 7 authenticating password on Version 2 update 5 6 configuring timers 5 18 default route 5 16 dial
161. ce 2 2 2 2 ospf 2 2 2 2 priority 2 Using Site Manager To specify a router priority value complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols Choose IP The Protocols menu opens The IP menu opens Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens Choose Interfaces The OSPF Interfaces window opens a R oO py Click on the OSPF interface that you want to edit The parameter values for that interface appear in the OSPF Interfaces window Set the Rtr Priority parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 44 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Estimating the Transit Delay By default OSPF assigns a transmission delay of 1 second to an OSPF interface You can use the BCC or Site Manager to supply a different transit delay estimate Using the BCC To change the transit delay value navigate to an OSPF interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 ospf and enter transit delay lt delay gt delay is the transit delay in seconds For example the following command assigns a transit delay value of 3 seconds to interface 2 2 2 2 ospf 2 2 2 2 transit delay 3 6 24 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Using Site Manager To change the transit delay valu
162. cedence to policies that match the same route RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 7 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 7 308627 14 00 Rev 00 B 9 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Route Source Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Announce Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies Any Any Direct Static RIP OSPF not valid for OSPF EGP BGP Specifies one or more route source identifiers If you select a route source ID a route from that source that meets the other criteria of this policy matches the policy To specify any source use the default RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 8 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 8 B 10 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Routing Policy Parameters Advertise Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Announce Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies An empty list A list of network identifiers Specifies network IDs to include in place of the network IDs listed in the route to be advertised Specify a non null value only if the announce Ac
163. choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Global The Edit OSPF Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the Tag Generation Method parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 41 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 13 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Setting the Holddown Timer The holddown timer controls how often OSPF calculates a route Its purpose is to free up the CPU A value of 0 means there is no holddown time By default the holddown timer is set to 1 second You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify a different value Using the BCC To set the holddown timer value navigate to the global OSPF prompt for example box ip ospf and enter holddown lt value gt value is 0 no holddown time or the holddown time in seconds For example the following command specifies 5 seconds as the OSPF holddown time ospf holddown 5 ospf Using Site Manager To set the holddown timer value complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Global The Edit OSPF Global Parameters window opens 5 Set the Ho
164. cify the forwarding mode navigate to the IP global prompt for example stack ip and enter forwarding lt mode gt mode is one of the following forwarding default notforwarding For example the following command puts the router in not forwarding mode ip forwarding notforwarding ip 3 4 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Using Site Manager Configuring and Customizing IP To specify the forwarding mode complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens Choose Global The Edit IP Global Parameters window opens Set the Forwarding parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 19 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 5 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Configuring Bridging on a Router in Not Forwarding Mode Because the IP router does not forward IP traffic in not forwarding mode you must configure the router to bridge IP traffic not explicitly addressed to it You must configure the bridge for each circuit that conveys IP datagrams The bridge will then forward all IP datagrams that are not explicitly addressed to the router Table 3 1 and Table 3 2 show valid and invalid configurations for source routing bridges and learning bridges
165. cols IP OSPF MOSPF Then click on OK The IP Configuration window opens Set the following parameters IP Address Subnet Mask Transmit Beast Addr UnNumbered Assoc Address Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 2 Click on OK The Initial OSPF Global Configuration window opens 4 Click on OK to accept the default values The OSPF Area Address window opens 5 Set the Area Address parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 43 6 Click on OK The Broadcast Type window opens 7 Set the Broadcast Type parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 43 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 2 8 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Starting IP Services OSPF is now running on the router and on the interface with default values for all parameters You customize OSPF by modifying OSPF parameters as described in Chapter 6 Customizing OSPF Services Starting RARP Before you can enable RARP services you must enable IP on the router You can however enable IP and RARP services on the router simultaneously If you want to add RARP to a circuit on which you have already configured IP see Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager for information about adding a protocol To enable RARP on an interface complete the following tasks Site Manag
166. d For example the following command disables Router Discovery on interface 2 2 2 2 rdisc 2 2 2 2 state disabled rdisc 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To enable or disable Router Discovery on an interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Router Discovery The IP Router Discovery window opens 4 Set the Enable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 33 5 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 55 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Choosing a Broadcast Type You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify the type of broadcast to use in sending advertisements You should use multicast the default broadcast type wherever possible that is on any link where all listening hosts support IP multicast Using the BCC To specify a broadcast type for sending advertisements navigate to a Router Discovery prompt on an IP interface for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 rdisc and enter mode lt state gt state is one of the following mcast default local direct For example the following command sets the broadcast type to local for Router Discovery on interface 2 2 2 2 rdisc 2 2
167. d applies only to EGP source routes when EGP is included as a route source network List of IP Specifies which networks will match this addresses policy Each identifier consists of a network number a mask and a flag to indicate whether the ID refers to a specific network or to a range of networks Enter a specific encoding of 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 to match the default route Enter a range encoding of 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 to match any route Enter an empty list to match any route continued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 69 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Table 6 14 BCC Match Parameters for OSPF Announce Policies continued Parameter Values Function rip gateway List of IP addresses Specifies the addresses of one or more routers that could send RIP updates to this router This policy applies to RIP advertisements from routers on this list and applies only to RIP sourced routes when RIP is included as a route source rip interface List of IP addresses Specifies the address of one or more interfaces on this router This policy applies to RIP advertisements received on the interfaces in this list and applies only to RIP sourced routes when RIP is included as a route source The BCC implements this matching criterion as an object To specify multiple items create multiple objects Using Site Manager To specify matching criteria for an OSPF announce policy compl
168. d in seconds For example the following command sets the holddown timer to 60 seconds on IP interface 2 2 2 2 rip 2 2 2 2 holddown timer 60 rip 2 2 2 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 5 21 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Using Site Manager To specify the holddown period complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose RIP Interfaces The IP RIP Interface Configuration window opens 4 Click on the RIP interface that you want to The parameter values for that interface edit appear in the IP RIP Interface Configuration window 5 Set the Holddown Timer parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 68 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying a Stabilization Time The stabilization time is the period that RIP allows itself to learn all routes from its neighbors before sending full updates By default RIP uses a stabilization time of 120 seconds You can use Site Manager to specify a stabilization time for an interface Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3
169. date For example the following command causes RIP to insert a TTL value of 2 in each outbound update rip 2 2 2 2 tth2 rip 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To specify a time to live value complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols Choose IP System responds The Protocols menu opens The IP menu opens Choose RIP Interfaces The IP RIP Interface Configuration window opens Click on the RIP interface that you want to edit The parameter values for that interface appear in the IP RIP Interface Configuration window Set the Time to Live parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 67 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 5 13 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Receiving RIP Updates on an Interface By default RIP listens for routing updates on every interface on which it is enabled You can use the BCC or Site Manager to disable and reenable this feature as required Note If you enable this feature a configured policy can still prohibit the interface from updating its internal routing table Using the BCC To specify whether RIP listens for routing updates navigate to a RIP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 rip and enter lis
170. ddress a mask and a flag to indicate whether the network address refers to a specific network or to a range of networks Enter a specific encoding of 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 to match the default route Enter a range encoding of 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 to match any route Use the default empty list to match any route The BCC implements this matching criterion as an object To specify multiple elements create multiple objects 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 61 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services For example the following command sequence invokes a match prompt for the OSPF accept policy pol_1 and specifies ASE route type 2 accept pol_1 ospf match match ospf accept pol_1 ase type type2 Using Site Manager To specify a matching route for an OSPF accept policy complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP Choose Policy Filters The IP menu opens The Policy Filters menu opens Choose OSPF The OSPF Policies menu opens ay r oO py Choose Accept Policies The OSPF Accept Policy Filters window opens D Select the policy that you want to edit 7 Set the following parameters Networks Type Tag Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions on pages B 3 and B 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You retur
171. difying RIP parameters as described in Chapter 5 Customizing RIP Services 308627 14 00 Rev 00 2 3 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Starting OSPF You start OSPF on the router by adding OSPF to an existing IP interface To start OSPF navigate to an IP interface prompt and enter ospf area lt area_id gt area_id is the identifier expressed in dotted decimal notation of the OSPF area to which the router is connected through the IP interface For example the following command adds OSPF to IP interface 2 3 3 3 255 0 0 0 This interface connects the router to OSPF area 0 0 0 0 the OSPF backbone ip 2 3 3 3 255 0 0 0 ospf area 0 0 0 0 ospf 2 3 3 3 OSPF is now running on the router and on the interface with default values for all parameters You customize OSPF by modifying OSPF parameters as described in Chapter 6 Customizing OSPF Services Starting Router Discovery You start Router Discovery by adding it to an IP interface To start Router Discovery navigate to an IP interface prompt and enter rdisc For example the following command adds Router Discovery to IP interface 2 2 2 2 255 0 0 0 ip 2 2 2 2 255 0 0 0 rdisc rdisc 2 2 2 2 Router Discovery is now running on IP interface 2 2 2 2 255 0 0 0 with default values for all parameters You customize Router Discovery by modifying parameters as described in Configuring and Customizing Router Discovery on page 3 54 2 4 30
172. dition the OSPF router ID must match one of the IP addresses configured on the router 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 1 4 AS Boundary Router Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPE gt Global No Yes No Indicates whether or not this router functions as an AS boundary router Only AS boundary routers are allowed to convert non OSPF routes into OSPF routes so that they can be passed along throughout the OSPF routing domain The router can be an AS boundary router if one or more of its interfaces is connected to a non OSPF network for example RIP BGP or EGP Set this parameter to Yes if this router functions as an AS boundary router Otherwise accept the default value No 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 1 7 A 38 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Hold Down Timer Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Global 1 second 0 to 10 seconds Prevents the algorithm that computes a route to not run more than once per holddown time Its purpose is to free up the CPU A value of 0 means there is no holddown time Either accept the default value of 1 second or enter a new value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 1 9 OSPF Slot C
173. ds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Interfaces The IP Interface List window opens 4 Click on the interface that you want to edit Site Manager displays the parameter values for that interface in the IP Interface List window Set the Proxy parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 8 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Timing Out Entries in the Address Resolution Cache IP maintains an address resolution cache on each interface that is configured with ARP or Proxy ARP The address resolution cache contains host physical addresses learned by means of ARP or Proxy ARP If you enable the cache timeout feature on this interface the IP router removes address resolution cache entries after the specified aging period has elapsed After an entry is removed the IP router must use ARP to reacquire the physical layer address By default the cache timeout feature is disabled on the interface You can use the BCC or Site Manager to enable the feature and to specify a timeout interval in seconds 4 10 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing ARP and RARP Services Using the BCC To enable or disable the ARP cache timeout feature navigate to the IP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 and enter
174. e Customizing RIP Services When you add RIP to an IP interface RIP is enabled with default values for all parameters You customize RIP on the interface by modifying parameters as described in the following topics Topic Page Disabling and Reenabling RIP on an Interface 5 3 Selecting the RIP Version 5 4 Authenticating the Password on a Version 2 Update 5 6 Supplying RIP Updates on an Interface 5 8 Specifying the Update Mode 5 9 Sending Triggered Updates Sli Specifying a Time to Live Value 5 12 Receiving RIP Updates on an Interface 5 14 Supplying a Default Route on an Interface 5 15 Listening for a Default Route 5 17 Configuring a RIP Interface for Dial Optimized Routing 5 18 Deleting RIP from an Interface 5 23 Disabling and Reenabling RIP on an Interface You can use the BCC or Site Manager to disable or reenable RIP on the interface as required Using the BCC To disable or reenable RIP on an interface navigate to a RIP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 rip and enter state lt state gt state is one of the following enabled default disabled 308627 14 00 Rev 00 5 3 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services For example the following command disables RIP on IP interface 2 2 2 2 rip 2 2 2 2 state disabled rip 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To disable or reenable RIP on an i
175. e advertising of this route is suppressed Either accept the default Propagate or select Ignore 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 11 1 6 Type Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt OSPF gt Export Filters Type 1 As Is Type 1 Type 2 Specifies an OSPF ASE metric type to use in advertisements for routes that match this policy Select As Is if you want to use the default metric that IP includes in the advertisement based on the route source For a BGP EGP or RIP route the default is Type 2 For routes from all other sources the default is Type 1 Set the Action parameter to Propagate 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 11 1 7 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Tag Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt OSPF gt Export Filters 0 0 to 2 147 483 647 Sets the tag value for the AS external advertisement that is generated for this network This parameter has meaning only when the Action parameter is set to Propagate Enter the appropriate tag 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 11 1 8 Auto Tag Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt OSPF gt Export Filters Disable Enable Disable If enabled the router creates a tag for this route as descri
176. e complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Interfaces The OSPF Interfaces window opens 5 Click on the OSPF interface that you want The parameter values for that interface to edit appear in the OSPF Interfaces window 6 Set the Transit Delay parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 44 7 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Setting the Retransmit Interval The retransmit interval is the number of seconds between link state advertisement retransmissions for adjacencies belonging to this interface Each type of network has an optimum retransmit interval If the interface is connected to a broadcast network you should use the default setting of 5 seconds Table 6 3 lists the suggested settings for network types supported by OSPF Table 6 3 Retransmit Interval Settings Network Type Suggested Retransmit Interval seconds Broadcast 5 default Point to point 10 NBMA 10 Point to multipoint 10 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 25 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify a retransmit interval Using the BCC To set the ret
177. e packets from any application When you configure a circuitless IP interface note the following e You can configure one circuitless IP interface per router Additional circuitless IP interfaces will not initialize e You can add OSPF and BGP to a circuitless interface e You must assign a unique IP address and subnetwork number to the circuitless IP interface e You cannot configure a circuitless IP interface in nonforwarding mode To configure a circuitless IP interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens Choose Circuitless IP The Circuitless IP menu opens Choose Create The IP Configuration window opens ay eo py Click on OK Site Manager saves the circuitless IP interface and opens a special Select Protocols window that lists the protocols that you can configure on a circuitless interface 6 Choose one or more protocols and click on OK A configuration window opens for each protocol that you selected 7 Configure the protocol by setting the parameters Click on Help or see the protocol specific guide 2 10 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Starting IP Services Choosing Slots to Support the Circuitless Interface By default all slots support the IP circuitless interface To specify the
178. e the following command creates an NSSA address range for NSSA 0 0 0 1 area 0 0 0 1 nssa range 10 0 0 0 16 nssa range 10 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 Using Site Manager To configure an address range for an NSSA complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds alk In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens Choose NSSA Ranges The OSPF NSSA Ranges window opens ay o hy Click on Add The OSPF NSSA Range window opens continued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 51 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this 6 Set the following parameters NSSA Range Net NSSA Range Mask Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 58 System responds 7 Click on OK You return to the OSPF NSSA Ranges window 8 To change the default values for the range set one or more of the following parameters Enable Mask Status External Route Tag Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 59 9 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 6 52 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Configuring an Area Border Router Each OSPF area is
179. e 2 2 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 delete ethernet 2 1 Using Site Manager To delete IP from an interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Edit Connector window opens click on the connector from which you want to delete IP services 2 Click on Edit Circuit The Circuit Definition window opens 3 Choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 4 Choose Add Delete The Select Protocols window opens The IP button is checked to show that IP is enabled on the circuit 5 Click on IP 6 Click on OK Site Manager deletes IP services from the connector and you return to the Circuit Definition window 7 Choose File The File menu opens 8 Choose Exit You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 45 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Configuring an Adjacent Host Address An adjacent host is a device on a locally attached network This device may or may not be a router You must configure a MAC address for each adjacent host that does not implement ARP Also if a local network does implement ARP you may want to configure a MAC address for an adjacent host to preempt the ARP process You can use the BCC or Site Manager to configure an adjacent host Using the BCC To associate the IP address of an adjacent host with its physical address nav
180. e 2 2 2 2 rdisc 2 2 2 2 lifetime 2500 rdisc 2 2 2 2 3 58 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Using Site Manager Configuring and Customizing IP To specify the maximum length of time that advertised addresses are considered valid by hosts complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Router Discovery The IP Router Discovery window opens 4 Set the Lifetime parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 34 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying Interface Preference You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify the preference value a higher number indicates more preferred of the address as a default router address relative to other router addresses on the same subnet The default value is 0 Using the BCC To specify the preference value of the address as a default router address navigate to a Router Discovery prompt on an IP interface for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 rdisc and enter preference lt integer gt integer is the metric value For example the following command sets the preference value to 1 on interface 2 2 2 2 rdisc 2 2 2 2 preference 1 rdisc 2 2 2 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 59
181. e IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Global The Edit IP Global Parameters window opens Set the Enable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 19 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 3 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Configuring the Router for Not Forwarding Mode By default IP forwards all packets that are not addressed to itself You can also configure IP in not forwarding or host only mode Use the forwarding mode if you want the IP router to route forward IP traffic In forwarding mode the IP router processes all broadcast packets and all IP packets explicitly addressed to it and routes all other IP packets Choose not forwarding mode on the router if you want to provide IP management access by means of TFTP and SNMP to all active IP interfaces but also want to prohibit the IP router from forwarding IP traffic You must specify an identical IP address and mask combination for each active IP interface that will provide management access In not forwarding mode the IP router acts as an IP host it does not forward IP traffic but it still processes packets explicitly addressed to it In not forwarding mode only static routes and adjacent host routes are allowed No routing protocols are initiated You can use the BCC or Site Manager to select the forwarding mode Using the BCC To spe
182. e IP Interface List window opens 4 Click on the interface that you want to edit Site Manager displays the parameter values for that interface in the IP Interface List window 5 Set the Cost parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 5 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 25 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Enabling MTU Discovery on an Interface A probe MTU is a request for the maximum transmission unit MTU size used on all networks that an IP datagram must traverse from source to destination By configuring IP to respond to probe MTUs on this interface you eliminate transit fragmentation and destination reassembly for datagrams destined for this interface and therefore decrease network load The reply MTU and the probe MTU are options 11 and 12 in RFC 1063 By default IP does not respond to probe MTU requests You can use the BCC or Site Manager to turn this feature on and off as required Using the BCC To enable or disable MTU discovery on an interface navigate to an IP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 and enter mtu discovery lt state gt state is one of the following on off default For example the following command causes IP to respond to probe MTUs on interface 2 2 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 mtu discovery on ip 2 2 2 2 3 26 308627 14
183. e Manager To change the percentage of buffers available to ARP complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Global The Edit IP Global Parameters window opens 4 Set the Percentage of ARP Buffers parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 26 5 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 19 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Customizing an IP Interface An IP network interface consists of a physical circuit configured with the appropriate data link and IP protocols Each interface connects the router to one or more IP networks For example the router in Figure 3 1 is configured with three IP interfaces One of these interfaces is a point to point interface that connects the router to a single long haul medium terminated by a host or another router The other two interfaces are LAN interfaces that connect the router to an Ethernet or FDDI local area medium An IP interface can provide access to multiple networks For example in Figure 3 1 LAN interface 1 provides a connection to both LAN B and LAN C D Host Point to Point interface C LAN interface 1 LAN B Router
184. e Policy Filters The IP policies menu opens 4 Choose RIP The RIP policies menu opens continued 5 32 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing RIP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this 5 Choose Announce Policies System responds The RIP Announce Policy Filters window opens 6 Click on Add 7 Set the following parameters Name Action Rule Precedence Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page B 8 The RIP Announce IP Policy Filter Configuration window opens 8 Click on OK 9 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the RIP Announce Policy Filters window You return to the Configuration Manager window Supplying Modification Values for a RIP Announce Policy You can use the BCC or Site Manager to supply a value that RIP uses to modify fields in a RIP update that matches the policy Using the BCC To supply a modification value to an update that matches a policy navigate to the policy prompt for example box ip rip announce pol_1 and enter modify A modification prompt appears for the policy To specify an override value enter lt parameter gt lt value gt parameter value is one of the parameter value pairs listed in Table 5 5 308627 14 00 Rev 00 5 33 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Table 5 5 BCC Modification Parameters for RIP Announce Policies Parameter
185. e backbone is called a transit area In Figure 6 5 area B functions as a transit area 6 54 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Backbone network S a g _ Area Cc Border internal lt router 2 router Border router 1 Area C network Area B network Area A network a o Area A internal router router AN Transit area Key IPOOSOA lt 4 gt Virtual link Figure 6 5 Virtual Link and Transit Area To configure an interface to support a virtual link 1 Identify the transit area that supports the virtual link 2 Identify the interface of the OSPF neighbor at the other end of the virtual link After you define the virtual link you can e Enable and disable the virtual link e Specify a transit delay a retransmit interval a Hello interval and a dead interval for the link e Specify a password You can use Site Manager to configure a virtual link 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 55 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services To configure a virtual backbone link complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System
186. e date of shipment This warranty does not apply if the media has been damaged as a result of accident misuse or abuse The Licensee assumes all responsibility for selection of the Software to achieve Licensee s intended results and for the installation use and results obtained from the Software Nortel Networks does not warrant a that the functions contained in the software will meet the Licensee s requirements b that the Software will operate in the hardware or software combinations that the Licensee may select c that the operation of the Software will be uninterrupted or error free or d that all defects in the operation of the Software will be corrected Nortel Networks is not obligated to remedy any Software defect that cannot be reproduced with the latest Software release These warranties do not apply to the Software if it has been i altered except by Nortel Networks or in accordance with its instructions ii used in conjunction with another vendor s product resulting in the defect or iii damaged by improper environment abuse misuse accident or negligence THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND LIMITATIONS ARE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE Licensee is responsible 308627 14 00 Rev 00 iii for the security of its own data and information and for maintaining adequate procedures apart from
187. e following 0 User specified MAC address No default value exists for this parameter For example the following command directs the router to use its own IP address and the circuit s MAC address on IP interface 2 2 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 configured mac address 0 ip 2 2 2 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 33 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Using Site Manager To configure this parameter for a multinet or multigroup configuration see Configuring SMDS Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds al In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Interfaces The IP Interface List window opens Click on the interface that you want to edit Site Manager displays the parameter values for that interface in the IP Interface List window Set the MAC Address parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 9 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Enabling Source Routing over a Token Ring Network The IP router can route over token ring networks that contain one or more source routing bridges In a source routing network every end station that sends a frame supplies the frame with the necessary route descriptors so that it can be source routed across the network Thus in order for an IP router to route packets acros
188. eature ARP 4 11 cache size command 3 37 3 41 circuitless IP interface configuring 2 10 described 2 10 selecting slots for 2 11 classless interdomain routing CIDR 1 8 Index 2 conventions text xviii cost command 3 25 Cost for PtP Links parameter A 53 Cost parameter IP interface 3 25 A 5 TP static route 3 53 A 28 customer support xxii D datalink encapsulation options for ARP 4 7 DDN X 25 address resolution 4 5 Dead Interval parameter OSPF interface 6 30 A 46 OSPF virtual interface 6 56 A 63 dead interval OSPF 6 29 dead interval command 6 29 Default Route Listen parameter RIP interface 5 18 A 66 Default Route Supply parameter RIP interface 5 16 A 65 Default TTL parameter 3 10 A 21 default listen command 5 17 default supply command 5 16 deleting IP from an interface using Site Manager 3 45 IP from an interface using the BCC 3 45 OSPF from an interface 6 38 RARP services 4 15 RIP from an interface 5 23 6 39 Destination IP Address parameter 3 53 A 27 dial optimized routing 5 18 disabling all subnet broadcasting on IP interface 3 30 equal cost multipath support 3 15 global ARP 4 2 global IP 3 3 ICMP address mask replies 3 28 ICMP redirect messages 3 29 IP interface 3 22 MTU discovery on an interface 3 26 OSPF 6 3 6 19 OSPF area 6 42 308627 14 00 Rev 00 disabling continued RARP on an interface 4 13 RARP on the router 4 14 4 15 RIP 5 3 RIP listenin
189. ecide which route to insert Either accept the default value 1 or enter a new value Routes for all networks 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 should have the lowest preference and routes for the most specific networks longest address and mask should have the highest preference RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 1 1 7 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 3 1 7 Rule Precedence Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Accept Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Accept Policies 0 A metric value Assigns a metric value to this policy a policy with a higher value takes precedence over a policy with a lower value Use this value to specify the order of precedence for policies that match the same route RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 1 1 8 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 3 1 8 B 4 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Routing Policy Parameters RIP Accept Policy Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID From Gateway Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Accept Policies An empty list A list of IP addresses Specifies the addresses of one or more routers that could send RIP updates to this router This policy applies to RIP advertisements from routers on this list Use the default empty list to
190. eeeee 6 65 Specifying Matching Criteria for an OSPF Announce Policy cccceeeeeeeees 6 68 Appendix A Site Manager Parameters IP Parameters carrer pnek E ere TATT EE T eer labeler jarai a oe P Comiouration oes leo g L ic p gee eeenrer eer reer Pere i EN A 2 IP mernes PARISI S cess sue crass accross ese astiicasanen aaenachdy andra certs n anaes octiankiyd A 4 P Goba PAGAIIGIONG ieia eaa Ea A 19 Siate Route PAAMETErS anirai A a a PR Adjacent Host Parameters Crete PETA ra Aun T ee marn errs A 30 Router Discovery Parameters saccecsecsctccisstccvenaustoniumiicetvabivencteamevecsmmebectncte A 33 RARP FRane E uara a a a a AE A A 35 OSPF Parameters cseeeeees eee aera peppers enone lie EE rer A 37 SPP Global Pareinieie rs sasscassianinmnimniinianne a a eee OSPF Iibternace Parameters iunii naaa Ekaa N A 42 Neighbor Parameters for an NBMA Interface ccceeeseeeeceeeseeeeeeeseneeeeeeneeeees A 49 ISP Aisa FI amo Er a AN a and ated A 51 Area Range Parameters aaaea PA Reins PE PEER PR err a A 55 QSPF Se Range Parameters ccc chccd scccanscedadecbacebadieontniecacentiepienesasegnccteanmdacesandes A 58 OSPF Virtual Interface Parameters sissiicosserecirsrenntnrnsnssaserntnesssacaniebenasise A 61 RIP Paramotor corsissoritninnnin P S mamas anvende Pre aiea aeree BOOS x 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Appendix B Routing Policy Parameters Common Acc pt Policy Paameterg siiicar Eai B 2 RIP Accept Poley
191. elay In OSPF cost metrics are configurable allowing you to specify preferred paths OSPF is a link state protocol A router running a link state protocol periodically tests the status of the physical connection to each of its neighboring routers and sends this information to its other neighbors A link state protocol does not require each router to send its entire routing table to its neighbors Instead each OSPF router floods only link state change information throughout the autonomous system or area if the AS is divided into areas This process is referred to as the synchronization of the routers topological databases With the link state information each router builds a shortest path tree with itself as the root of the tree It can then identify the shortest path from itself to each destination and build its routing table OSPF supports CIDR and can carry supernet advertisements within a routing domain 308627 14 00 Rev 00 1 13 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services OSPF Addresses and Variable Length Masks A destination in an OSPF route advertisement is expressed as an IP address and a variable length mask Together the address and the mask indicate the range of destinations to which the advertisement applies The ability to specify a range of networks allows OSPF to send one summary advertisement that represents multiple destinations For example a summary advertisement for the destination 128 185 0 0 with a
192. em responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Global The Edit IP Global Parameters window opens Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 22 5 Click on OK 4 Set the Zero Subnet Enable parameter You return to the Configuration Manager window Estimating the Size of the Routing Table IP allows you to estimate how many networks and hosts require an entry in the IP routing table The router uses your estimate to preallocate memory for the routing table Preallocation of memory increases the speed with which IP software can learn routes because it removes the overhead caused by dynamic memory allocation Preallocation also makes better use of memory and reduces the amount of memory required By default the router allocates resources to support 500 network and host entries in the routing table Avoid making an estimate that is excessively large doing so will cause a wasteful overallocation of memory 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 11 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services To preallocate memory for the routing tables complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Global The Edit IP Global Paramet
193. entage of buffers Defines the upper limit as a percentage of buffers that ARP can use for saving buffers when resolving ARP requests Specify the percentage as an integer 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 1 27 Static Route Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Static Routes Enable Enable Disable Specifies the state active or inactive of the static route record in the IP routing tables Select Disable to make the static route record inactive in the IP routing table the IP router will not consider this static route Select Enable to make the static route record active again in the IP routing table 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 5 1 2 A 26 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Destination IP Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Static Routes None Any valid IP network address Specifies the IP address of the network to which you want to configure the static route Specifies a supernet for which you want to configure a black hole static route Enter the destination IP address in dotted decimal notation To configure a default route enter 0 0 0 0 To configure a black hole static route enter a supernet addres
194. er Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Routing Policy Parameters From EGP AS Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Announce Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies An empty list A list of autonomous system numbers Specifies one or more autonomous system numbers This policy applies to EGP advertisements received from EGP peers in an AS on this list and applies only to EGP sourced routes when EGP is included as a route source Specify one or more AS numbers Use the default empty list to indicate that this policy applies to EGP advertisements from peers in any AS RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 17 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 17 Received EGP Gateway Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Announce Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies An empty list A list of IP addresses Specifies the IP address of one or more EGP gateways This policy applies to EGP advertisements that use a gateway on this list as the next hop and applies only to EGP sourced routes when EGP is included as a route source Specify one or more IP addresses Use the default e
195. er gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Virtual Interfaces None Any ASCII text string up to eight characters long Specifies the password used for this area You can specify a password up to eight ASCII characters in length that will appear in the authentication field of all OSPF packets across this interface This parameter is valid only when the Authentication Type parameter for the area is set to Simplepassword Enter the appropriate password All routers in the same area must either have no authentication or have the same password 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 7 1 10 RIP Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt RIP Interfaces Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether the Routing Information Protocol RIP is enabled on this interface Select Enable to enable RIP on this interface Select Disable to disable RIP on this interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 2 RIP Supply Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt RIP Interfaces Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether the interface transmits periodic RIP updates to neighboring networks Select Enable to configure the interface to transmit RIP updates Select Disable to prohibit the interface from transmitting RIP updates 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 5 A 6
196. er 10 4 255 255 or 10 4 0 0 Some networks do not support broadcasts thus configuring an IP broadcast address does not guarantee efficient broadcast delivery By default IP uses a broadcast address that contains all ones in the host portion Accept the default unless the calculated broadcast address host portion of all ones is not adequate If this is the case then use the BCC or Site Manager to enter the appropriate IP broadcast address in dotted decimal notation Using the BCC To specify a broadcast address navigate to an IP interface prompt for example stack eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 0 0 0 and enter broadcast lt broadcast_address gt broadcast_address is an IP address expressed in dotted decimal notation 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 23 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services For example the following command assigns broadcast address 1 1 1 1 to IP interface 2 2 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 broadcast 1 1 1 1 ip 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To specify a broadcast address complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Interfaces The IP Interface List window opens 4 Click on the interface that you want to edit Site Manager displays the parameter values for that interface in the IP Interface List window 5 Set the Broadcast
197. er Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window select the link or net module connector on which you are enabling RARP services The Select Protocols window opens 2 Select Reverse ARP When you select Reverse ARP you automatically select IP 3 Click on OK The IP Configuration window opens Set the following parameters IP Address e Subnet Mask Transmit Beast Addr UnNumbered Assoc Address Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 2 5 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window RARP is now running on the router and on the interface with default values for all parameters You customize RARP by modifying RARP parameters as described in Customizing RARP on page 4 12 308627 14 00 Rev 00 2 9 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Configuring a Circuitless IP Interface A circuitless IP interface has an IP address that is not mapped to a specific circuit If one or more of the router s IP interfaces become disabled the circuitless IP interface address ensures that the router is always reachable as long as a viable path to the router exists The IP router can support one circuitless IP interface IP traffic is delivered to and transmitted from the circuitless interface in the same way as any other IP interface In addition the circuitless IP interface can receiv
198. er parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 67 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 5 19 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Specifying a Timeout Period By default RIP waits 90 seconds for an update from a network before it considers that network to be unreachable If you enabled dial optimized routing on this interface the default is 3 hours You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify a timeout period from 15 seconds through 259 200 seconds 72 hours For dial optimized routing the maximum value is 3 628 800 seconds 6 weeks You should set the timeout timer to a value equal to three times the value of the update interval see Specifying an Update Interval on page 5 18 Using the BCC To specify the timeout period navigate to a RIP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 rip and enter timeout timer lt seconds gt seconds is the timeout interval in seconds For example the following command sets the RIP timeout timer to 120 seconds on IP interface 2 2 2 2 rip 2 2 2 2 timeout timer 120 rip 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To specify the timeout period complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Ch
199. erface 2 10 OSPF 2 8 RIP 2 6 state command 3 55 3 56 3 57 3 58 3 59 ARP 4 2 global IP 3 3 IP interface 3 22 OSPF 6 3 OSPF area 6 42 308627 14 00 Rev 00 OSPF interface 6 19 RIP 5 3 static black hole routes configuring A 27 A 28 definition 3 53 static routes definition 3 49 Status parameter A 57 A 60 stub areas configuring 6 46 definition 1 17 stub command 6 47 Stub Default Metric parameter 6 48 A 52 stub metric command 6 47 subnet mask function 1 4 specifying 1 5 Subnet Mask parameter IP configuration 2 5 A 3 OSPF 2 8 2 9 RIP 2 6 subnets broadcast address for 3 23 definition 1 4 enabling all zero and all one addresses 3 10 unknown using default route for 3 12 summary network command 6 45 summary route OSPF 6 44 supernet defining black hole for 3 53 definition 1 7 supply command 5 8 support Nortel Networks xxii T Tag Generation Method parameter 6 13 A 41 technical publications xxi technical support xxii text conventions xviii Time to Live parameter 5 13 A 67 Timeout Timer parameter 5 21 A 67 Timeout Value parameter A 41 Index 7 timeout timer command 5 20 timers configuring for RIP 5 18 time to live command 3 9 5 13 timing out entries in the address resolution cache 4 11 token ring networks 3 34 TR End Station parameter 3 36 A 10 TR Endstation ARP Type parameter 3 36 A 10 traffic filters for IP 1 26 Tr
200. ernet SNAP LSAP encapsulation 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 71 SMDS Group Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces SMDS configured address A complete SMDS E 164 address specified by the SMDS subscription agreement that you have with your SMDS provider Provides a MAC layer multicast address for this IP interface in an SMDS network This parameter is displayed only if this is an SMDS circuit Enter an entire E 164 address for example E1 617 555 1212 FFFF If you do not supply an address IP uses the SDMS configured address To configure this parameter for a multinet or multigroup configuration see Configuring SMDS 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 65 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters SMDS Arp Request Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces SMDS configured address A complete SMDS E 164 address specified by the SMDS subscription agreement that you have with your SMDS provider Provides an address resolution multicast address for this IP interface in an SMDS network This parameter is displayed only if this is an SMDS circuit Enter an entire E 164 address for example E1 617 555 1212 FFFF If you do not supply an address IP uses the SMDS configured address To configure this parameter
201. ers gt OSPF gt Accept Policies Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables this policy Set to Disable to disable the policy RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 1 1 2 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 3 1 2 Name Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Accept Policies gt Add Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Accept Policies gt Add None Any alphanumeric character string Identifies this accept policy Specify a unique name for the policy RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 1 1 4 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 3 1 4 B 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Routing Policy Parameters Networks Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Accept Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Accept Policies An empty list A list of network identifiers Specifies the networks to which this policy applies Each entry consists of a network number a mask and a flag to indicate whether the ID refers to a specific network or to a range of networks Enter a specific encoding of 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 to match the default route Enter a range encoding of 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 to m
202. ers window opens 4 Set the following parameters Estimated Networks Estimated Hosts Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on on page A 23 5 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Using a Default Route for an Unknown Subnet By default IP drops packets addressed to an unknown subnet and returns an ICMP message to the sender This prevents local traffic from accidentally following the default route to the Internet In cases where remote sites follow a default route to a central site it is appropriate to enable this parameter If the router serves as an Internet gateway with a default route to the Internet the parameter can be disabled The default route must be present in the routing table 3 12 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP To allow the IP router to use a default route for unknown subnets complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Global The Edit IP Global Parameters window opens 4 Set the Enable Default Route for Subnets parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 24 5 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying the Maximum Number of IP Policies By default IP allows you to
203. ertisement RIP OSPF BGP or EGP consults its announce policies to determine whether the routes to specific networks are to be advertised and how they are to be propagated Announce policies contain network numbers to associate a policy with a specific network and action information to specify a route propagation procedure For information about BGP and EGP see Configuring IP Exterior Gateway Protocols BGP and EGP 1 22 308627 14 00 Rev 00 IP Concepts Terminology and Features Every IP router maintains a table of current routing information The routing table manager receives routing updates from the network through the IP routing protocols running on the router Periodically the routing table manager issues routing updates through the protocols Figure 1 7 shows a router configured with all of the IP routing protocols supported by Nortel Networks OSPF RIP BGP 3 BGP 4 and EGP The arrows indicate the direction of flow of routing information between the network and the protocols running on the router between the protocols and the routing table manager and between the routing table manager and the routing table Routing table manager Routing table Figure 1 7 IP Routing Table IP0035A 308627 14 00 Rev 00 1 23 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services The flow of routing information between the network the protocols and the routing table manager is controlled by routing information policies
204. es the response packet to learn its IP address You can configure RARP support on Ethernet token ring and Fiber Distributed Data Interface FDDI interfaces 1 12 308627 14 00 Rev 00 IP Concepts Terminology and Features Routing Information Protocol RIP The Routing Information Protocol RIP is a distance vector protocol that enables routers in the same autonomous system to exchange routing information by means of periodic RIP updates Routers transmit their own RIP updates to neighboring networks and listen for RIP updates from the routers on those neighboring networks Routers use the information in the RIP updates to keep their internal routing tables current For RIP the best path to a destination is the shortest path the path with the fewest hops RIP computes distance as a metric usually the number of hops or routers from the source network to the target network Open Shortest Path First OSPF Protocol The Open Shortest Path First OSPF protocol is an interior gateway protocol IGP intended for use in large networks Using a link state algorithm OSPF exchanges routing information between routers in an autonomous system Routers synchronize their topological databases After the routers are synchronized and the routing tables are built the routers flood topology information only in response to some topological change For OSPF the best path to a destination is the path that offers the least cost metric d
205. esponds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Global The Edit OSPF Global Parameters window opens Set the Enable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 37 The value you chose appears in the Enable field Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 3 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Supplying an OSPF Router ID Each router configured with OSPF has an OSPF router ID This IP address uniquely identifies this router in the OSPF domain By convention and to ensure uniqueness the router ID should be one of the router s IP interface addresses The router ID determines the designated router on a broadcast link if the priority values of the routers being considered are equal The higher the router ID the greater its priority If both OSPF and BGP are running on the router the OSPF router ID must be identical to the BGP identifier In addition the OSPF router ID must match one of the IP addresses configured on the router By default OSPF uses the IP address of the first OSPF circuit configured on this router You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify an IP address Using the BCC To change the OSPF router ID navigate to the global OSPF p
206. ete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens Choose Policy Filters The Policy Filters menu opens Choose OSPF The OSPF Policies menu opens ay AJD N Choose Announce Policies The OSPF Announce Policy Filters window opens 6 Select the policy that you want to edit continued 6 70 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Site Manager Procedure continued 7 You do this Set one or more of the following parameters Networks e Route Source From RIP Gateway Received on RIP Interface From OSPF Router ID e Received OSPF Type e Received OSPF Tag From EGP Peer From EGP AS Received EGP Gateway From BGP Peer From BGP AS Received BGP Next Hop Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page B 8 System responds Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 71 Appendix A Site Manager Parameters This appendix contains the Site Manager parameter descriptions for IP OSPF and RIP services You can display the same information using Site Manager online Help This appendix contains the following information Topic Page IP Pa
207. eter 3 12 A 23 estimating size of routing table 3 11 Ethernet Arp Encaps parameter 4 8 A 12 External Route Tag parameter 6 52 A 60 external route tag OSPF 6 11 F filters IP traffic 1 26 Forward Cache Size parameter 3 38 3 42 A 16 forwarding command 3 4 Forwarding parameter global IP 3 5 A 19 forwarding table maximum size of 3 40 frame relay network WAN address for 3 39 FRM Broadcast parameter 3 40 A 13 FRM Cast 1 DLCI parameter 3 40 A 14 FRM Cast 2 DLCI parameter 3 40 A 14 H Hello Interval parameter OSPF interface 6 28 A 45 OSPF virtual interface 6 56 A 63 Hello interval OSPF 6 27 hello interval command 6 28 Hold Down Timer parameter OSPF 6 14 A 39 holddown command global OSPF 6 14 Index 3 Holddown Timer parameter 5 22 A 68 holddown timer command 5 21 hops specifying maximum number with time to live value 3 9 Host Cache parameter 4 12 A 8 Host Encapsulation parameter 3 48 A 31 host only mode configuring bridging 3 6 configuring global IP for 3 4 HP Probe definition 4 5 Import AS Extern parameter 6 48 A 52 Import Summaries parameter 6 48 A 53 import summaries command 6 47 Initial Stabilization Timer parameter 5 23 A 70 Interface MTU parameter 3 37 A 10 Interface Preference parameter 3 60 A 34 interface definition 3 20 Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP definition 3 29 enabling and disabling address mask replies 3 28 enabling and dis
208. ets the cost of this interface The interface cost is added to routes learned on this interface through RIP and is specified in subsequent RIP packets transmitted out other interfaces Enter the interface cost value standard RIP implementation assigns a cost of 1 however keep in mind that increasing this value causes the upper bound set by the RIP Network Diameter parameter to be attained more rapidly 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 8 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 5 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MTU Discovery Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces Disabled Enabled Disabled Specifies whether path MTU maximum transmission unit discovery RFC 1191 is enabled on this interface When this option is enabled the Do Not Fragment DF bit in the IP header is set for all datagrams going out the interface If any of the datagrams are too large to be forwarded without fragmentation by some router along the path that router will discard them and return an ICMP destination unreachable message with a code indicating that fragmentation is required and that the DF bit is set The MTU of the non conforming hop is also provided Upon receipt of this message the source host reduces its path MTU for the path This parameter essentially guarantee
209. everse parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 66 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 5 10 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing RIP Services Sending Triggered Updates RIP generates full routing updates at regular intervals You can also configure RIP to generate an update on a specified interface each time it recalculates a route s metric Such an update is called a triggered update A triggered update contains only the routes that have changed RIP also sends full updates at regular intervals on interfaces configured for triggered updating By default triggered updates are disabled on all interfaces configured for RIP You can use the BCC or Site Manager to enable and disable triggered updates on this interface Using the BCC To enable or disable triggered updates navigate to a RIP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 rip and enter triggered updates lt state gt state is one of the following enabled disabled default For example the following command enables triggered updates on IP interface 2 2 2 2 rip 2 2 2 2 triggered updates enabled rip 2 2 2 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 5 11 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Using Site Manager To enable or disable triggered updates complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System
210. face List window 5 Set the ASB parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 6 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Disabling UDP Checksum Processing on an Interface By default UDP checksum processing is enabled on this interface All outgoing and incoming UDP datagrams are subject to checksum processing You can use the BCC or Site Manager to turn this feature on and off as required Use the default in virtually all instances Disable UDP checksum processing to provide backward compatibility with UNIX BSD 4 1 Using the BCC To disable or reenable UDP checksum processing navigate to an IP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 and enter udp checksum lt state gt state is one of the following enabled default disabled 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 31 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services For example the following command turns off UDP checksum processing on IP interface 2 2 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 udp checksum disabled ip 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To disable or reenable UDP checksum processing complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Interfaces The IP Interface List window opens
211. face When you enable Proxy ARP the IP router assumes responsibility for IP datagrams destined for the remote network To enable Proxy ARP for subnets reachable via a default route also set the global Enable Default Route for Subnets parameter to Enable To enable Proxy ARP for remote destinations on other networks set the Nonlocal ARP Destination parameter to Accept Select Disabled to disable Proxy ARP on this interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 24 1 16 Host Cache Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces Off Off 120 180 240 300 600 900 1200 Specifies whether the IP router times out entries in the address resolution cache for this interface and specifies the timeout interval in seconds if the interface does time out entries The address resolution cache contains host physical addresses learned by means of ARP or Proxy ARP A host entry is timed out deleted after the specified aging period has elapsed Select Off to disable timeout on this interface the IP router does not time out address resolution cache entries Select one of the other options to enable timeout with a timeout interval equal to the value you select for example 120 seconds the IP router removes address resolution cache entries after the specified aging period has elapsed After an entry is removed the IP router must use ARP to reacquire the physical layer address 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 24 1 18 A 8 308627 14 00 Rev 00
212. faces Use Inverse ARP to discover the IP address of the station at the remote end of the virtual circuit e HP Probe a Hewlett Packard proprietary protocol is an address resolution mechanism that functions much like ARP to determine a network host s physical address using the host s IP address by binding a 32 bit IP address to a 48 bit MAC address IP supports HP Probe over Ethernet and the following HP Probe messages Unsolicited Reply incoming and outgoing Name Request incoming Name Reply outgoing Virtual Address Reply incoming and outgoing Virtual Address Request incoming and outgoing Proxy Request incoming and outgoing Proxy Reply incoming and outgoing IP can support the concurrent operation of HP Probe and ARP on an interface Note If bridging is configured and enabled on the interface in addition to IP the Name Request Reply and the Proxy Request Reply messages are bridged e ATMARP provides address resolution for a logical IP subnet LIS within an ATM network as defined in RFC 1577 Classical IP and ARP over ATM A router that needs the ATM address of a host on the LIS sends an ATMARP request to the ATMARP server For more information about classical IP over AIM see Configuring ATM Services e The X 25 address resolution scheme is used on network interfaces that support the X 25 DDN service e The RFC 877 compliant address resolution mechanism is used on network interface
213. fault values for NSSA area parameters enter lt area_parameter gt lt value gt area_parameter value is one of the parameter value pairs listed in Table 6 8 6 48 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Table 6 8 Customizing OSPF Services BCC Parameters for OSPF NSSA Parameter Value Function nssa default originate disabled default enabled Enables or disables the origination of a type 7 default route by an NSSA internal AS boundary router nssa default propagate disabled default enabled Enables or disables the translation of type 7 default route LSAs to type 5 default route LSAs and flooding to all non stub areas nssa default ase path type1 default type2 Specifies the path type of the default route for type 7 AS external LSAs nssa translate to 5 disabled default enabled Enables or disables the forced translation of type 7 AS external LSAs to type 5 LSAs by an NSSA area border router ABR stub metric 1 default to Assigns a metric value to the type 3 or type 7 16777215 default route import summaries true default Specifies whether summary advertisements false are imported to the NSSA For example the following command sequence configures area 0 0 0 1 as an NSSA enables the origination of a type 7 default route by an internal AS boundary router and enables the translation of type 7 default route LSAs for flooding to all non stub areas area 0 0
214. figuration Manager window choose Protocols Choose IP The Protocols menu opens The IP menu opens Choose Policy Filters The IP policies menu opens Choose RIP The RIP policies menu opens oy Pe N Choose Announce Policies The RIP Announce Policy Filters window opens 6 Select the policy that you want to edit continued 5 38 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing RIP Services Site Manager Procedure continued 7 You do this Set the following parameters e Networks Route Source External Route Source Advertise From RIP Gateway Received on RIP Interface Outbound Interfaces From OSPF Router ID e Received OSPF Type Received OSPF Tag From EGP Peer From EGP AS Received EGP Gateway From BGP Peer From BGP AS Received BGP Next Hop Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page B 8 System responds Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 5 39 Chapter 6 Customizing OSPF Services You customize OSPF by setting OSPF parameters as described under the following topics Topic Page Customizing OSPF Global Parameters 6 2 Customizing OSPF on an IP Interface 6 18 Defining an Area 6 40 Configuring an NSSA Address Range 6 50 Configuring an Area Border Router 6
215. figuring the MTU for an IP Interface You can set the MTU for an interface to a value less than the MTU of the underlying circuit The default value 0 causes the IP interface to use the MTU value of the underlying circuit If you configure a value greater than the MTU of the underlying circuit the parameter is ignored Setting the MTU for an interface affects the transmission of IP frames only Transmitted frames that are larger than the interface MTU value are fragmented into smaller frames This parameter does not affect frames accepted by the driver Using the BCC To set the MTU for the IP interface navigate to an IP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 and enter mtu lt max_units gt max_units is the MTU for this IP interface For example the following command sets the MTU to 2000 on interface 2 2 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 mtu 2000 ip 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To set the MTU for the IP interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Interfaces The IP Interface List window opens 4 Click on the interface that you want to edit Site Manager displays the parameter values for that interface in the IP Interface List window continued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 37 Configuring IP ARP RA
216. for all interface parameters When you configure an IP interface Site Manager also configures IP globally on the router with default values for all IP global parameters You customize IP by modifying IP global and interface parameters as described in Chapter 3 Configuring and Customizing IP For information about configuring unnumbered interfaces see Configuring an Unnumbered IP Interface on page 2 11 Starting RIP Before you can select a protocol to run on the router you must configure a circuit that the protocol can use as interface to an attached network For information and instructions see Configuring WAN Line Services and Configuring Ethernet FDDI and Token Ring Services When you have successfully configured the circuit the Select Protocols window opens Complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 Inthe Select Protocols window select the The IP Configuration window opens following protocols e IP RIP Then click on OK 2 Set the following parameters IP Address Subnet Mask Transmit Beast Addr UnNumbered Assoc Address Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 2 3 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window RIP is now running on the router and on the interface with default values for all parameters You customize RIP by modifying RIP parameters as described in Chapter 5
217. forwarded on this interface not forwarded forwarded as data link multicasting or forwarded as data link unicasts Data link multicasting is not meaningful on point to point and NBMaA interfaces If you configured MOSPF globally specify the way that you want IP to forward multicast packets on this interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 5 1 30 A 48 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters MTU Mismatch Detect Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Interfaces Enabled Enabled Disabled Controls the interpretation of the MTU field in the database description packet header According to RFC 2178 the MTU indicates the largest size IP packet that an OSPF interface can receive If the MTU of a packet is greater than the MTU that the interface can receive the packet is ignored and an adjacency is not formed In RFC 1583 this field does not exist The value Enabled specifies RFC 2178 processing of the MTU field The value Disabled specifies RFC 1583 processing 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 5 1 34 Neighbor Parameters for an NBMA Interface Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Neighbor s IP Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Interfaces gt Neighbors gt Add None IP address of the neighbor Specifies the IP address of an NBM
218. fy rip accept pol_l 5 28 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Using Site Manager Customizing RIP Services To specify a modification value to an update that matches a policy complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens Choose Policy Filters The IP policies menu opens Choose RIP The RIP policies menu opens ay V N Choose Accept Policies 6 Select the policy that you want to edit The RIP Accept Policy Filters window opens 7 Setthe Apply Subnet Mask parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page B 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying Matching Criteria for a RIP Accept Policy You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify matching criteria for a policy Using the BCC To specify matching criteria for an accept policy navigate to the policy prompt for example box ip rip accept pol_1 and enter match A match prompt appears for the policy To specify matching criteria enter lt match_criterion gt lt ip_address gt match_criterion is one of the BCC match objects listed in Table 5 3 308627 14 00 Rev 00 5 29 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Table 5 3 BCC Match Parameters for RIP Accept
219. g 5 14 route filter support 3 14 Router Discovery 3 55 3 56 3 57 3 58 3 59 UDP checksum processing 3 31 E E 164 address for IP interface 3 33 ecmp method command 3 16 Enable Default Route for Subnets parameter 3 13 A 24 Enable ISP Mode Support parameter A 26 Enable parameter adjacent host 3 48 A 30 global IP 3 3 A 19 IP interface 3 22 A 4 IP static route A 26 OSPF area 6 42 A 51 global 6 3 A 37 interface 6 19 A 42 neighbor 6 38 A 50 NSSA range A 59 range A 56 virtual interface 6 56 A 61 RIP 5 4 A 64 Router Discovery 3 55 A 33 Enable Security parameter A 16 Enable Disable parameter RARP global 4 15 A 35 RARP interface 4 13 A 35 Enabling IP interface 3 22 enabling all subnet broadcasting on IP interface 3 30 all zero and all one subnet addresses 3 10 alternate associated address 2 13 equal cost multipath support 3 15 global ARP 4 2 global IP 3 3 ICMP address mask replies 3 28 ICMP redirect messages 3 29 308627 14 00 Rev 00 IP interface 3 22 MTU discovery on an interface 3 26 OSPF area 6 42 OSPF boundary function 6 7 OSPF interface 6 19 OSPF on the router 6 3 RARP on the router 4 14 RIP 5 3 RIP listening 5 14 route filter support 3 14 Router Discovery 3 55 3 56 3 57 3 58 3 59 source routing over token ring 3 34 UDP checksum processing 3 31 equal cost multipath 3 15 Estimated Hosts parameter 3 12 A 23 Estimated Networks param
220. g RIP Services In both Version 2 modes RIP checks for a password on all received updates see Supplying a Default Route on an Interface on page 5 15 By default RIP sends Version 1 updates You can use the BCC or Site Manager to choose Version 2 with or without aggregation of subnet information Using the BCC To specify the RIP version navigate to a RIP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 rip and enter version lt version gt version is one of the following rip1 default rip2 aggr For example the following command causes RIP to send Version 2 updates with aggregation of subnets rip 2 2 2 2 version aggr rip 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To specify the RIP version complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose RIP Interfaces The IP RIP Interface Configuration window opens 4 Click on the RIP interface that you want to The parameter values for that interface edit appear in the IP RIP Interface Configuration window continued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 5 5 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 5 Set the RIP Mode parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 68
221. g Table eens ere PEE EAE 3 11 Using a Default Route for an Unknown Subnet ccccecesseceeeseseeeeeeentaeeeesseaees 3 12 vi 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Specifying the Maximum Number of IP Policies 0 ccscceeseeeeeteeeeeteteteeeeee OL Disabling and Reenabling Route Filter Support c cccceeeeeeeeceseeeeeeeseeeeeeeaes 3 14 Configuring Equal Cost Multipath Support for RIP and OSPF n se 3 15 Gustomizing the IP Routing Table Structure c cccciicscateecisssditisissaieeisservic tannic 3 18 Specifying the Percentage of Buffers Available to ARP 00 mene man 3 19 CUBIS Nz Ug Sum IP MICS orai neinna EE EEA 3 20 Disabling and Reenabling an IP Interface cccccesceeecceeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeneeeaaes 3 22 Specifying a Broadcast Address for an Interface Peer rere rere ae 3 23 SPeciving Ihe Costal an Menace ozs iatescsiee vents ahuesisajavieen aonten ded aiaienel 3 24 Enabling MTU Discovery on an Interface c ecceeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeneeeeees 3 26 Enabling and Disabling ICMP Address Mask Replies ccccccsssseecssesteeeeesaes 3 27 Disabling and Reenabling ICMP Redirect Messages ccesceeeeeeesteeeeeneeeeeee 3 29 Enabling All Subnet Broadcasting on an Interface 5 rare sen ini 3 30 Disabling UDP Checksum Processing on an Interface ceeeeseeeeeeeeeeesteeeeees 3 31 Specifying a MAC Address or E 164 Address
222. ger window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Global Set the following parameters OSPF Slot Backup Enable Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 39 Click on OK The Edit OSPF Global Parameters window opens You return to the Configuration Manager window 6 6 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Enabling the Boundary Function An OSPF boundary router does the following 1 Receives information about routes outside the OSPF AS using BGP RIP or another routing protocol 2 Formats this information in AS external ASE advertisements 3 Propagates the ASEs into the OSPF domain using OSPF By default the boundary router function is disabled on the router You can use the BCC or Site Manager to configure the router as an OSPF boundary router Using the BCC To configure the router as a boundary router navigate to the global OSPF prompt for example box ip ospf and enter as boundary router lt state gt state is one of the following true false default Using Site Manager To configure the router as a boundary router complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose
223. ghest preference level as a gateway Route Preferences The IP router maintains an internal routing table When determining how to forward a datagram the IP router consults the table to determine the specific route that a datagram should take A routing table can contain direct routes for the IP router s network interfaces static routes and any routes learned from RIP OSPF BGP or EGP Information about adjacent hosts is maintained in a separate table When a routing table contains multiple routes to the same destination IP uses among other information a preference value to determine which route to select Preference values range from 1 through 16 the higher the number the greater the preference By default RIP BGP EGP and OSPF external routes have a preference value of 1 Static routes direct routes and OSPF intra area and interarea routes have a default preference value of 16 You can configure a preference value from 1 through 16 for RIP BGP EGP OSFP external and static routes You cannot configure the preference value of direct routes and OSPF intra area and interarea routes To assign a preference value to a route learned by RIP OSPF BGP or EGP you configure an accept policy for the route see IP Routing Policies and Filters on page 1 22 If an incoming route matches the policy IP assigns the preference value you specify to the route and considers the route for possible inclusion in the routing table
224. h or slot removal avoiding the time consuming and resource intensive process of relearning routing information In the event of a crash or slot removal transition between the OSPF primary and backup soloists occurs without relearning routing information from the network By default the router uses any available slot for the OSPF soloist You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify a slot By default OSPF does not maintain a copy of the link state database LSDB for the backup soloist You can use the BCC or Site Manager to enable this feature Using the BCC To specify a slot for the OSPF soloist navigate to the global OSPF prompt for example box ip ospf and enter slot mask lt slot gt slot is all slots the default or an integer from 1 through 14 to indicate a slot 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 5 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services To maintain a copy of the LSDB for the backup soloist navigate to the global OSPF prompt and enter backup Isdb enabled For example the following command sequence specifies slot 12 for the OSPF soloist and causes OSPF to maintain a separate copy of the LSDB for the backup soloist ospf slot mask 12 ospf backup Isdb enabled ospf Using Site Manager To specify a slot for the soloist and maintain a copy of the LSDB for the backup soloist complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Mana
225. he filter applies to the default route Enter the appropriate mask in dotted decimal notation 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 11 1 4 Export From Protocol Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt OSPF gt Export Filters RIP Any RIP EGP OSPF Direct Static BGP 3 Identifies the source of the routing information direct connection static route or RIP EGP OSPF or BGP 3 derived route Select the appropriate option 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 11 1 5 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Import and Export Route Filters Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt OSPF gt Export Filters Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables this export route filter Set to Disable if you want to disable this export route filter Set to Enable if you previously disabled this export route filter and now want to reenable it 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 11 1 2 Action Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt OSPF gt Export Filters Propagate Propagate Ignore Controls the flow of routing information If you set this parameter to Propagate this route is advertised If you set this parameter to Ignor
226. head caused by dynamic memory allocation Set to the number of hosts that you expect Avoid using a number that is excessively large This will cause a wasteful overallocation of memory If you use the default value 0 IP software preallocates memory for 500 routing table entries 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 1 13 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 23 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Default Route for Subnets Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Global Disable Enable Disable Specifies whether the IP router uses a default route for unknown subnets The default route must be present in the routing table When you set this parameter to Enable the IP router uses a default route When you set this parameter to Disable the IP router does not use a default route Accept the default Disable if you do not want the IP router to use a default route for unknown subnets Otherwise reset this parameter to Enable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 1 14 Maximum Policy Rules Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Global 32 Any integer Specifies the maximum number of policies that can be configured per policy type accept or announce per protocol To c
227. igate to the global IP prompt for example box ip and enter one of the following adjacent host ip address lt ip_address gt mac address lt physical_address gt adjacent host ip address lt ijp_address gt vpi vci lt physical_address gt adjacent host ip address lt p_address gt nsap lt physical_address gt adjacent host ip address lt ip_address gt dlci lt physical_address gt adjacent host ip address lt p_address gt wan address lt physical_address gt ijp_address is the address of the adjacent host physical_address is the address that you want to associate with the IP address see Table 3 4 The BCC displays a prompt for the adjacent host To set parameters that define the adjacent host enter lt parameter gt lt value gt parameter value is one of the parameter value pairs listed in Table 3 4 3 46 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP Table 3 4 BCC Adjacent Host Parameters Parameter Value Default Description state enabled default Specifies the state of the adjacent host disabled definition ip address No default Specifies the IP address of the device for which you want to configure an adjacent host mac address No default Specifies the physical address of the adjacent host Enter the MAC address as a 12 digit hexadecimal number vpi vci No default Specifies the physical address of the adjacent host Enter an ATM PVC address in the form virtual path identifier virt
228. ighbor configuration supply the IP address for each neighbor and specify the neighbor s priority To configure a neighbor the OSPF interface type must be set to NBMA see Specifying the Interface Type on page 6 21 6 36 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Using the BCC Customizing OSPF Services To configure a neighbor on an NBMA interface navigate to an OSPF interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 ospf and enter neighbor lt ip_address gt ijp_adadress specifies the IP address of the neighbor for this NBMA interface To change the default values for a neighbor enter lt parameter gt lt value gt parameter value is one of the parameter value pairs listed in Table 6 7 Table 6 7 BCC Neighbor Parameters for an NBMA Interface Parameter Values Function priority 1 default Specifies a router priority for this NBMA 0 through 255 interface A value of 255 is the highest priority a value of 0 makes this router ineligible to be the designated router on this network state enabled default Enables or disables this neighbor configuration disabled for this NBMA interface Using Site Manager To configure an OSPF neighbor on an NBMA interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens Choose O
229. iguring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Using Site Manager To set the TTL value complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Global The Edit IP Global Parameters window opens 4 Set the Default TTL parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 21 5 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Allowing an All Zero or All One Subnet Address By default an IP address with a subnet portion of all zeros or all ones is an illegal address You can configure IP to allow an all zero or all one subnet address Enable this feature with caution however for it can result in an ambiguous address For example if an all zero subnet address and an all zero broadcast address are both valid the router cannot distinguish an all subnets broadcast from a directed broadcast for the zero subnet Using the BCC To allow an all zero or all one subnet address navigate to the IP global prompt for example box ip and enter all subnets enabled For example ip all subnets enabled ip 3 10 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Using Site Manager Configuring and Customizing IP To allow an all zero or all one subnet address complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this Syst
230. ilable Three methods are available round robin selection selection based on the source addresses IP forwards all packets with the same source address to the same next hop and selection based on the source and destination address IP forwards all packets with the same source and destination address to the same next hop Configure RIP and OSPF to support equal cost routes to the same destination 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 1 18 IP OSPF Maximum Path Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Global 1 lto5 Specifies the maximum number of equal cost paths allowed for a network stored in the routing table by OSPF If you enabled equal cost multipath support on the router specify a value from 2 to 5 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 1 18 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 25 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable ISP Mode Support Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Global Disable Enable Disable Enables and disables Internet service provider ISP features Use this parameter to configure BGP as a soloist and to disable the use of forwarding tables on IP interfaces 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 1 19 Percentage of ARP Buffers Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Global 100 An integer indicating the perc
231. in command syntax descriptions Where a variable is two or more words the words are connected by an underscore Example If the command syntax is show at lt valid_route gt valid_route is one variable and you substitute one value for it Indicates system output for example prompts and system messages Example set Trap Monitor Filters Shows menu paths Example Protocols gt IP identifies the IP option on the Protocols menu Separates choices for command keywords and arguments Enter only one of the choices Do not type the vertical line when entering the command Example If the command syntax is show ip alerts routes you enter either show ip alerts or show ip routes but not both This guide uses the following acronyms ARE ARP AS ASB ASBR ASE ATM all routes explorer Address Resolution Protocol autonomous system all subnet broadcast AS boundary router autonomous system external asynchronous transfer mode 308627 14 00 Rev 00 xix Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services BGP Border Gateway Protocol BR border router CIDR classless interdomain routing DVMRP Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol ECMP equal cost multipath EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface FIFO first in first out ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol IGP interior gateway protocol IP Internet Protocol ISP Internet service provider LIS logical IP subnet LSA l
232. indicate that this policy applies to RIP updates from any router 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 1 1 10 Received on Interface Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Accept Policies An empty list A list of IP addresses Specifies the IP addresses of one or more interfaces on this router This policy applies to RIP updates received on interfaces that appear on this list Use the default empty list to indicate that this policy applies to RIP updates received on any interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 1 1 11 308627 14 00 Rev 00 B 5 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Apply Subnet Mask Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Accept Policies Null Null or IP address mask Specifies a mask that will override the interface s subnet mask in the presence of networks with variable length subnet masks Supply a mask set the Action parameter to Accept and use the default Network parameter an empty list If you specify a mask of 0 0 0 0 the router determines which mask to apply For example if the network in the update is a subnet of the same network as the receiving interface the router applies the mask of the receiving interface If the network in the update is a subnet of a different natural network the router applies the natural mask of that network
233. infinity In split horizon updating a router that sends updates to a neighbor omits routes that it learned from that neighbor On certain interfaces for example on a frame relay interface that has virtual connections VCs to different routers that are part of the same logical IP subnet you may need to advertise all learned routes with the actual cost By default RIP sends poisoned reverse updates You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify a different update mode 308627 14 00 Rev 00 5 9 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Using the BCC To specify the RIP update mode navigate to a RIP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 rip and enter mode lt mode gt mode is one of the following poisoned actual split For example the following command causes RIP to send split horizon updates on IP interface 2 2 2 2 rip 2 2 2 2 mode split rip 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To specify the RIP update mode complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose RIP Interfaces The IP RIP Interface Configuration window opens 4 Click on the RIP interface that you want to The parameter values for that interface edit appear in the IP RIP Interface Configuration window 5 Set the Poisoned R
234. ing OSPF on the Router kaagi sorma mni mee SS SSL ar OSPF Pre ID siora e ae E ER 6 4 Configuring the Soloist and Backup Soloist on a Slot ccccceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeees 6 5 Enabling the Boundary Function E ueviosecb Heandacneeniade esate eke nE Cee ont Configuring the Metric Type for an ASE Advartamant E E E 6 8 Choosing a Tag Generation Method for an ASE Advertisement cscceeeees 6 11 Seting he Hokdown TEE coreia eae EEA REE 6 14 Goniouring Message LAGI srsrmakiiinn ianh N AEN 6 15 Configuring External Route Preference n ere cine tenia rae oe 8 17 Customizing OSPF on an UP ImernaCe ciiid ebai a 6 18 Enabling and Disabling OSPF on an Interface ssnin 6 19 Configuring an Area ID ini Deppa PE E Serre 6 20 Specii ihe Interac TYDE rosmona ian aAA NEE 6 21 Specifying Router Priority for a Multiaccess Network ccccccseecsseeceeeeeesteeeseseees 6 23 Estimating the Tanssit Delay ec cevcsctecnsveseiclcevancts daedekeiy eksveantereuvudametesniemn denice see cnareaees 6 24 Selling the Retansmii Merval sssini niana Ini ea 6 25 Setting the Hello Interval 006 rere E E E OT aiai rere goonies 6 27 Seting Ne Dead Menal minorei aienak 6 29 Setting the Poll Interval for NBMA Neighbors sssssessseessesssssssessssersssnsssrnssrrssrrsssrnsns 6 30 Specifying the Metric Cost rae inati PE T PAAT P T motets 6 31 Specio Ihe MTU SE aureis aa aera Manin aa eee Specifying the MTU Mi
235. ing command configures an Ethernet interface on slot 2 connector 2 box ethernet slot 2 connector 2 ethernet 2 2 2 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Starting IP Services Step 2 Configuring an IP Interface To configure an IP interface on a physical interface navigate to the prompt for the physical interface and enter ip address lt address gt mask lt mask gt address and mask are a valid IP address and its associated mask expressed in dotted decimal notation For example the following command configures IP interface 2 2 2 2 255 0 0 0 on an Ethernet physical interface on slot 2 connector 2 ethernet 2 2 ip address 2 2 2 2 mask 255 0 0 0 ip 2 2 2 2 255 0 0 0 An IP interface is now configured on the Ethernet interface with default values for all interface parameters When you configure an IP interface the BCC also configures IP globally on the router with default values for all IP global parameters You customize IP by modifying IP global and interface parameters as described in Chapter 3 Configuring and Customizing IP Starting RIP You start RIP on the router by adding RIP to an existing IP interface To start RIP navigate to an IP interface prompt and enter rip For example the following command adds RIP to IP interface 2 2 2 2 255 0 0 0 ip 2 2 2 2 255 0 0 0 rip rip 2 2 2 2 RIP is now running on the router and on the interface with default values for all parameters You customize RIP by mo
236. ink state advertisement LSDB link state database MAC media access control MOSPF Multicasting Open Shortest Path First MTU maximum transmission unit NBMA nonbroadcast multi access NIC Network Information Center NSSA not so stubby area OSPF Open Shortest Path First PPP Point to Point Protocol RARP Reverse Address Resolution Protocol RFC Request for Comments RIF routing information field RIP Routing Information Protocol SMDS Switched Multimegabit Data Service STE spanning tree explorer XX 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Preface TTL time to live UDP User Datagram Protocol VC virtual circuit WAN wide area network Related Publications For more information about IP services refer to the following publications e Reference for BCC IP show Commands Bay Networks part number 308603 14 00 Rev 00 Provides descriptions of all show commands for IP services including the commands that display IP ARP RIP and OSPF configuration and statistical data e Configuring IP Exterior Gateway Protocols BGP and EGP Bay Networks part number 308628 14 00 Rev 00 Provides a description of Border Gateway Protocol BGP and Exterior Gateway Protocol EGP services and instructions for configuring them e Configuring GRE NAT RIPSO and BFE Services Bay Networks part number 308625 14 00 Rev 00 Provides a description of Generic Routing Encapsulation GRE Network Address Translation NAT Revised IP Security Option RIPSO and Blacke
237. ions Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Nonlocal ARP Destination Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Global Drop Drop Accept Determines whether IP drops ARP requests in which the source and destination addresses are located in different networks or subnetworks This parameter allows Proxy ARP to generate replies when the source and destination networks in the ARP request are different To process ARP requests with source and destination addresses from different networks set the parameter to Accept The Proxy parameter must be set to Enable for the router to generate ARP replies 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 1 1 5 Default TTL Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Global 30 1 to 255 hops Specifies the starting value of the time to live TTL counter for each packet that the router originates and transmits called a source packet Each router or hop that the packet traverses decrements the TTL counter by one When the counter reaches zero the router discards the packet unless it is destined for a locally attached network The TTL counter prevents packets from looping endlessly through the network Enter the maximum number of hops that a source packet can traverse 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 1 5 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 21 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Paramete
238. irect Static BGP 3 Identifies the source of the routing information direct connection static route or RIP OSPF EGP or BGP 3 derived route Select the appropriate option 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 9 1 5 C 6 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Import and Export Route Filters Interface Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt RIP gt Export Filters 0 0 0 0 Any IP address Identifies the outgoing IP interface for the RIP update This filter will apply only to this interface If set to 0 0 0 0 this filter applies to all interfaces Enter the appropriate IP address in dotted decimal notation 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 9 1 7 Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt RIP gt Export Filters Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables this export route filter Set to Disable if you want to disable this export route filter Set to Enable if you previously disabled this export route filter and now want to reenable it 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 9 1 2 Action Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt RIP gt Export Filters Propagate Propagate Ignore Aggregate Controls the flow of routing i
239. itch complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Interfaces The IP Interface List window opens 4 Click on the interface that you want to edit Site Manager displays the parameter values for that interface in the IP Interface List window 5 Set the following parameters FRM Broadcast FRM Cast 1 DLCI FRM Cast 2 DLCI Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 13 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying the Maximum Size of the Forwarding Table To minimize the amount of time it spends looking up routes IP creates and maintains a cache of frequently used routes called a forwarding table or cache for each IP interface A forwarding table is a first in first out FIFO buffer When a datagram arrives on an IP interface for forwarding IP searches the forwarding table associated with the interface for the destination network If the search is successful IP dispatches the datagram to the interface noted in the table entry If the search is unsuccessful IP consults the routing table to obtain the same information dispatches the datagram to the appropriate interface and caches the information in the appropriate forwarding table eithe
240. ithstanding any other license agreement that may pertain to or accompany the delivery of this computer software the rights of the United States Government regarding its use reproduction and disclosure are as set forth in the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52 227 19 Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design operational function and or reliability Nortel Networks NA Inc reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice Nortel Networks NA Inc does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product s or circuit layout s described herein Portions of the code in this software product may be Copyright 1988 Regents of the University of California All rights reserved Redistribution and use in source and binary forms of such portions are permitted provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation advertising materials and other materials related to such distribution and use acknowledge that such portions of the software were developed by the University of California Berkeley The name of the University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from such portions of the software without specific prior written permission SUCH PORTIONS OF THE SOFTWARE ARE PROVIDED AS IS AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INC
241. l Parameters Parameter Enable Path Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPE gt Global Default Enable Options Enable Disable Function Globally enables or disables OSPF on all router interfaces Instructions Set to Disable if you want to disable OSPF for the entire router Set to Enable if you previously disabled OSPF on the router and now want to reenable it MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 1 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 37 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Router ID Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPE gt Global The IP address of the first OSPF circuit configured on this router Any IP address preferably an IP interface address on the router This IP address uniquely identifies this router in the OSPF domain By convention and to ensure uniqueness one of the interface addresses for the router should be used as the router ID The router ID will determine the designated router on a broadcast link if the priority values of the routers being considered are equal The higher the router ID the greater its priority Enter the appropriate IP address in dotted decimal notation If both OSPF and BGP are running on the router the OSPF router ID must be identical to the BGP identifier In ad
242. ld Down Timer parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 39 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Configuring Message Logging OSPF maintains a primary log and a backup log for OSPF messages By default OSPF logs the following messages in the primary log e Trace e Info e Debug e INTF State e NBR State e BadLs By default OSPF logs no messages in the backup log You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify the messages that OSPF writes to the primary and backup logs OSPF can log any or all of the messages described in Table 6 1 Table 6 1 OSPF Log Messages Message Example Trace Designated Router changed on network x x Xx X X X X X gt X X X X Info OSPF enabled OSPF debug OSPF couldn t get a buffer dying INTF state Interface x x x x up on Circuit x NBR state T2 Neighbor x x x x Event x State change x gt x LSA self origin T4 Originating new LSA type x LSID x x x x router x x x x LSA receipt T5 Received new LSA type x LSID x x x x router x x x x neighbor X X X X Route change T6 Routing Table changed type x destination x x x x Old x x x x new X X X X Bad LS R4 Ack received for non existent LSA type x LSID x x x x neighbor x x x x continued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 15 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Table 6 1 OSPF Log Me
243. le a disabled interface Select Disable to disable an interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 9 3 1 2 MAC Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Reverse ARP gt Map Table gt Add None Any valid MAC address Specifies the MAC address of a client that will use the RARP services of this router Enter the MAC address of a client 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 9 2 1 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 35 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter IP Address Path Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Reverse ARP gt Map Table gt Add Default 0 0 0 0 Options Any valid IP address Function Specifies the corresponding IP address for the client with the MAC address that you specified using the MAC Address parameter When the router receives a RARP request from the client the router assigns this IP address to the client and includes it in a response packet Instructions Enter the IP address corresponding to the value of the MAC Address parameter Do not accept the default value MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 9 2 1 3 A 36 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Site Manager Parameters OSPF Parameters Topic Page OSPF Global Parameters A 37 OSPF Interface Parameters A 42 Neighbor Parameters for an NBMA Interface A 49 OSPF Area Parameters A 51 Area Range Parameters A 55 OSPF NSSA Range Parameters A 58 OSPF Virtual Interface Parameters A 61 OSPF Globa
244. le timing out of the connection to the ATMARP server enter atmarp server aging lt state gt state is either enabled default disabled 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 43 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Using Site Manager To set parameters for an ATM logical IP subnet complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Interfaces The IP Interface List window opens Click on the interface that you want to edit Site Manager displays the parameter values for that interface in the IP Interface List window Set the following parameters ATM ARP Mode ARP Server ATM Address Network Prefix ARP Server ATM Address User Part Registration Refresh Interval Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 17 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 3 44 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP Deleting IP from an Interface You can delete IP from an interface using the BCC or Site Manager Using the BCC To delete IP from an interface navigate to an IP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 and enter delete For example the following command deletes IP from interfac
245. lp or see the parameter description on page A 12 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Enabling Proxy ARP on an Interface Proxy ARP allows a router to answer a local ARP request for a remote destination For example in Figure 4 1 hosts B and C are located on the same network but on separate subnetworks Hosts B and C do not understand subnetworking The router connecting the two physical networks knows which host resides on which network The address mask is 255 255 255 000 In this example one subnet is a remote network with respect to the other subnet 140 250 200 1 00 002 00 00 01 140 250 200 1 00 002 00 00 01 140 250 200 0 140 250 250 0 C l 140 250 200 2 140 250 250 3 140 250 250 2 140 250 250 3 00 002 00 10 30 00 002 00 106 IP0011A Figure 4 1 Proxy ARP Example 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing ARP and RARP Services Host B wants to talk to host C so host B broadcasts an ARP request which asks IP address 140 250 250 3 to respond with its physical address The router captures host B s ARP request and responds with its hardware address 00 002 00 00 01 and host C s IP address 140 250 250 3 Host B maps host C s IP address 140 250 250 3 to the router s hardware address 00 002 00 00 01 With Proxy ARP enabled the router resp
246. ls menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens Choose Interfaces The OSPF Interfaces window opens n AJV N Click on the OSPF interface that you want to edit The parameter values for that interface appear in the OSPF Interfaces window Set the Metric Cost parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 47 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 33 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Specifying the MTU Size OSPF recognizes a maximum transmission unit MTU size for updates transmitted on an interface By default when you configure OSPF on an interface OSPF uses the MTU size specified for the type of network to which the interface is connected Using the BCC or Site Manager you can configure OSPF to do the following e Send packets no larger than the IP MTU size for Ethernet 1500 e Use the MTU size that you specify The number you enter must be less than the IP MTU size for that physical interface Note When running OSPF over a synchronous PPP link set the MTU size to a value less than the synchronous MTU size 1200 This setting allows all OSPF routes to be learned over the link Using the BCC To specify the MTU size navigate to an OSPF interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0
247. mentations ignore packets with a TTL value of one hop Use this parameter to provide interoperability with such implementations Setting a TTL of 1 prevents RIP updates from inadvertently exiting the local network Increasing the TTL introduces the risk of the update exiting the local network and being forwarded around the network 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 11 Broadcast Timer Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt RIP Interfaces 30 seconds 1 hour for dial optimized routing 5 seconds to 86 400 seconds 24 hours 1 hour to 1 209 600 seconds 2 weeks for dial optimized routing Specifies how frequently RIP generates a full update of the routing table Enter a value in 5 second increments 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 12 Timeout Timer Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt RIP Interfaces 90 seconds 3 hours for dial optimized routing 15 seconds to 259 200 seconds 72 hours 3 hours to 3 628 800 seconds 6 weeks for dial optimized routing Specifies the time period that RIP will wait for an update for a particular network before declaring it to be unreachable Nortel Networks recommends a timeout value of the broadcast time multiplied by 3 Enter a time in 5 second increments 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 13 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Op
248. mple internetwork segmented into three autonomous systems 308627 14 00 Rev 00 IP Concepts Terminology and Features Autonomous system 2 Autonomous system 3 El TL Router 7 Autonomous system 1 LAN El ew Router 9 IP0006A Figure 1 3 Internetwork Segmented into Three Autonomous Systems 308627 14 00 Rev 00 1 9 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Address Resolution Protocol ARP The IP router needs both a physical address and an IP address to transmit a datagram If the router knows only the network host s IP address the Address Resolution Protocol ARP enables the router to determine the network host s physical address by binding a 32 bit IP address to a 48 bit media access control MAC address A router can use ARP across a single network only and the network hardware must support physic
249. mple of such a network is a network of synchronous lines or a direct mode frame relay environment Point to multipoint An interface to a point to multipoint network that supports multiple routers in a partial mesh configuration An example of such a network is a group mode frame relay environment Nortel Networks supports the standard OSPF point to multipoint interface and also provides a proprietary point to multipoint solution Passive A passive interface only receives advertisements OSPF cannot use it to form neighbor relationships accept Hello messages or send advertisements On other interfaces OSPF advertises the network attached to a passive interface as a stub network Note If the interface is connected to an NBMA network you need to configure neighbors manually For instructions on manually configuring neighbors see Configuring a Neighbor on an NBMA Interface on page 6 36 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 21 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services By default OSPF assumes that the interface is attached to a broadcast network You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify another network type Using the BCC To change the interface type navigate to an OSPF interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 ospf and enter type lt interface_type gt interface_type is one of the interface types described in Table 6 2 Table 6 2 OSPF Interface Types Type Descrip
250. mpty list to indicate that this policy applies to EGP advertisements with any gateway address RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 18 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 18 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID From BGP Peer Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Announce Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies An empty list A list of IP addresses Specifies the IP address of one or more BGP peers This policy applies to BGP advertisements authored by a router on this list and applies only to BGP sourced routes when BGP is included as a route source Specify one or more IP addresses Use the default empty list to indicate that this policy applies to BGP advertisements from any router RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 19 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 19 From BGP AS Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Announce Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies An empty list A list of autonomous system numbers Specifies one or more autonomous system numbers This policy ap
251. mum Interval Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Router Discovery 450 3 to the value of the Maximum Interval parameter Specifies the minimum time interval in seconds between advertisements Specify a value that is no less than 3 seconds and less than the value you set for the Maximum Interval parameter 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 17 1 6 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 33 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Maximum Interval Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Router Discovery 600 4 to 1800 Specifies the maximum time interval in seconds between advertisements Specify a value from 4 through 1800 seconds that is greater than the value you specified for the Minimum Interval parameter and is no greater than 1800 seconds 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 17 1 7 Lifetime Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Router Discovery 1800 A value specifying the number of seconds Specifies the maximum length of time that the advertised addresses are to be considered as valid router addresses by hosts in the absence of further advertisements Specify a value that is no less than the value you set for the Maximum Interval parameter a
252. n to the Configuration Manager window 6 62 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Defining an OSPF Announce Policy To define a new OSPF announce policy you must do the following e Supply a name for the policy e Specify whether OSPF advertises or ignores an update that matches the policy e Rank the policy according to precedence and other criteria You can use the BCC or Site Manager to define an OSPF announce policy Using the BCC To define a new OSPF announce policy navigate to the OSPF global prompt for example stack ip ospf and enter announce lt policy_name gt policy_name is a unique name for the announce policy A policy specific prompt appears indicating that the BCC has created the policy using default values for all parameters For example the following command creates an OSPF announce policy named pol_1 ospf announce pol_1 announce pol_1 ospf To customize the default values for the policy enter lt parameter gt lt value gt parameter value is one of the parameter value pairs listed in Table 6 12 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 63 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Table 6 12 BCC Definition Parameters for OSPF Announce Policies Parameter Values Function state enabled default Enables and disables the policy you created enabled action ignore default Specifies whether the protocol ignores a route announce that matches the policy or forwa
253. nction Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Transit Area ID Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Virtual Interfaces gt Add None Any area ID Identifies the transit area through which this virtual link is configured Enter the appropriate area ID in dotted decimal notation The transit area must contain the neighboring router identified in the Neighbors Router ID parameter Not applicable Neighbors Router ID Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Virtual Interfaces gt Add None Any IP address Identifies the interface at the other end of this virtual link Enter the appropriate IP address Not applicable Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Virtual Interfaces Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables this virtual link This parameter is useful when you want to temporarily disable a virtual link rather than delete it Set to Disable to turn off this virtual link Set to Enable if you previously disabled this virtual link and now want to reenable it 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 7 1 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Transit Delay
254. nd FDDI networks will be the corresponding multicast address On all other media the destination MAC address will be the broadcast address RIP does not aggregate subnet information in the updates If you select RIPII with aggregation RIP generates Version 2 updates but aggregates subnet information in the manner of RIP Version 1 Nortel Networks recommends using RIP II mode with or without aggregation rather than RIP I mode especially if unnumbered point to point links or variable length subnets are used 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 15 A 68 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Triggered Updates Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt RIP Interfaces Disable Enable Disable Configures RIP to generate an update each time it recalculates a route s metric For compatibility with routers running Version 8 10 or earlier disable this feature Implementations of RIP earlier than Version 9 00 do not support triggered updates If you enable triggered updates RIP will generate triggered updates with a maximum frequency of one every 5 seconds The route will include all changes that occurred in the last 5 seconds This enforced interval prevents RIP from monopolizing
255. nd Host Portions of IP Addresses You specify IP addresses in dotted decimal notation To express an IP address in dotted decimal notation you convert each 8 bit octet of the IP address to a decimal number and separate the numbers by decimal points For example you specify the 32 bit IP address 10000000 00100000 00001010 10100111 in dotted decimal notation as 128 32 10 167 The most significant 2 bits 10 in the first octet indicate that the network is Class B therefore the first 16 bits compose the NIC assigned network portion field The third octet 00001010 and fourth octet 10100111 compose the host field 308627 14 00 Rev 00 1 3 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Subnet Addressing The concept of subnetworks or subnets extends the IP addressing scheme Subnets are two or more physical networks that share a common network identification field the NIC assigned network portion of the 32 bit IP address Subnets allow an IP router to hide the complexity of multiple LANs from the rest of the internetwork Using subnets you partition the host portion of an IP address into a subnet number and a real host number on that subnet The IP address is then defined by network subnet host Routers outside the network do not interpret the subnet and host portions of the IP address separately Routers within a network containing subnets use a 32 bit subnet mask that identifies the extension bits In network subnet hos
256. nd no greater than 9000 seconds 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 17 1 8 Interface Preference Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Router Discovery 0 A numeric value Specifies the preference value a higher number indicates more preferred of the address as a default router address relative to other router addresses on the same subnet Enter a value indicating the relative preference of the router address Enter a preference value of 0x80000000 to indicate to neighboring hosts that the address is not to be used as a default route 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 17 1 9 A 34 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Site Manager Parameters RARP Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Disable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Reverse ARP gt Globals Enable Enable Disable Globally enables or disables RARP on all interfaces Set to Disable if you want to disable RARP for the entire router Set to Enable if you previously disabled RARP on the router and now want to reenable it 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 9 1 2 Enable Disable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Reverse ARP gt Interface Table Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables RARP on this interface Select Enable to reenab
257. networks The NSSA border router checks for configured type 7 address ranges and then originates a single type 5 LSA for each range If a network is not contained in any configured address range type 7 LSAs are translated to type 5 LSAs directly and flooded to all non stub areas Using the BCC To configure an address range for an NSSA navigate to the area prompt for example box ip ospf area 0 0 0 2 and enter nssa range lt network gt lt mask gt network and mask together specify all networks that belong to the NSSA address range The range mask is not restricted to the natural address class mask 6 50 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services To change the default values for an OSPF NSSA address range enter lt area_parameter gt lt value gt area_parameter value is one of the parameter value pairs described in Table 6 9 Table 6 9 BCC Address Range Parameters for OSPF NSSA Parameter Value Function action advertise default Specifies whether the border router block advertises type 5 LSAs for an NSSA address range An NSSA border router advertises a single external route for each type 7 address range when you set this parameter to advertise ase tag 0 default Specifies the value to insert in the external to 16777215 route tag field of translated type 5 LSAs configured for a type 7 address range state enabled default Enables or disables this address range disabled For exampl
258. nformation If you set this parameter to Propagate this route is advertised If you set this parameter to Ignore advertising of this route is suppressed If you set this parameter to Aggregate the network is not explicitly advertised Instead the default route 0 0 0 0 is advertised Either accept the default Propagate or select Ignore or Aggregate 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 9 1 6 308627 14 00 Rev 00 C 7 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID RIP Metric Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt RIP gt Export Filters 0 the actual route cost as learned Oto 15 Assigns a RIP cost to the propagated route The value 0 causes the actual route cost as learned to be used Accept the default value 0 or enter a new value Do not use a value that exceeds the diameter of the RIP network 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 9 1 8 OSPF Import Filters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Import Address Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Route Filters gt OSPF gt Import Filters None Any IP address Identifies by IP address the network to which this filter applies If set to 0 0 0 0 the filter applies to all networks Enter the appropriate network address in dotted decimal notation 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 10 1 3 C 8 308627 14 00 Rev
259. ng tree explorer STE and all routes explorer ARE ARP packets 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 35 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Using the BCC To disable or reenable source route end station support navigate to an IP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 and enter end station support lt state gt state is one of the following enabled disabled default For example the following command activates source route end station support on IP interface 2 2 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 end station support enabled ip 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To configure source route end station support on a per circuit basis and choose STE or ARE ARP packets complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Interfaces The IP Interface List window opens 4 Click on the interface that you want to edit Site Manager displays the parameter values for that interface in the IP Interface List window 5 Set the following parameters TR End Station TR Endstation ARP Type Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 10 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 3 36 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP Con
260. nstead it injects a default route that internal routers of the stub area use to forward datagrams to destinations beyond the stub 6 46 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Using the BCC To configure an area as a stub navigate to an OSPF area prompt for example box ip ospf area 0 0 0 2 and enter area type stub By default a border router that injects a default route into a stub area assigns a cost metric of 1 to that default route To specify a different cost metric enter stub metric lt cost gt cost is an integer By default a border router injects network summaries into an attached stub area To disable this function enter import summaries false For example the following command sequence configures a stub area and assigns a cost metric of 3 to default routes injected into the stub area ospf 0 0 0 2 area type stub ospf 0 0 0 2 stub metric 3 Using Site Manager To configure an OSPF stub area complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Areas The OSPF Areas window opens 5 Click on the area that you want to edit The parameter values for that area appear in the OSPF Areas window continued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 47 Configuring
261. nterface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose RIP Interfaces The IP RIP Interface Configuration window opens Click on the RIP interface that you want to enable The parameter values for that interface appear in the IP RIP Interface Configuration window Set the Enable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 64 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Selecting the RIP Version You can specify whether RIP sends Version 1 updates Version 2 updates with no aggregation of subnets or Version 2 updates with subnet aggregation In RIP Version 1 mode the default RIP generates Version 1 updates only using the broadcast address as specified in RFC 1058 RIP aggregates subnet information In RIP Version 2 mode RIP generates Version 2 updates using the multicast address 224 0 0 9 as specified in the RIP Version 2 RFC 1388 RIP does not aggregate subnet information In RIP Version 2 mode with aggregation RIP generates Version 2 updates using the multicast address and performs aggregation of subnets into a natural network advertisement on interfaces belonging to another network 5 4 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizin
262. nternal Specifies which types of OSPF routes match this policy and applies only to OSPF sourced routes when OSPF is included as a route source protocol source any default direct static rip ospf egp bgp Specifies one or more route source identifiers If you select a route source ID a route from that source that meets the other criteria of this policy matches the policy bgp as List of AS numbers Specifies one or more autonomous system numbers This policy applies to BGP advertisements received from BGP peers in an AS on this list and applies only to BGP sourced routes when BGP is included as a route source bgp next hop List of IP addresses Specifies one or more IP addresses This policy applies to BGP advertisements whose Next Hop attribute matches an IP address on this list and applies only to BGP sourced routes when BGP is included as a route source bgp peer List of IP addresses Specifies the IP address of one or more BGP peers This policy applies to BGP advertisements authored by a router on this list and applies only to BGP sourced routes when BGP is included as a route source egp as List of AS numbers Specifies one or more autonomous system numbers This policy applies to EGP advertisements received from EGP peers in an AS on this list and applies only to EGP sourced routes when EGP is included as a route source continued 5 36 308
263. o set the external route tag field with a value in accordance with RFC 1403 OSPF BGP Interaction In Figure 6 2 for example boundary router R14 running OSPF and BGP learns external routes via BGP 1 Router R14 generates an ASE advertisement describing the route OSPF fills in the external route tag with BGP specific information according to RFC 1403 2 Router R14 injects the ASE into the AS and OSPF routers flood the ASE throughout the AS 3 Router R1 which runs OSPF and BGP receives the ASE R1 generates a BGP update using the contents of the external route tag to set the Origin and AS Path attributes in the update 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 11 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Aj AS external route IP0001A Figure 6 2 AS External Route Tag You can use the BCC or Site Manager to choose the tag generation method 6 12 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Using the BCC To set the tag generation method for ASE advertisements navigate to the global OSPF prompt for example box ip ospf and enter as default tag lt method gt method is one of the following default default automatic proprietary reserved for debugging purposes Using Site Manager To set the tag generation method for ASE advertisements complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens
264. ocols gt IP gt Static Routes 0 0 0 0 Any valid IP address Specifies the IP address of the next hop router Defines a black hole route for a supernet Enter the IP address in dotted decimal notation To configure a black hole static route enter 255 255 255 255 If you are configuring a static route to an unnumbered interface enter 0 0 0 0 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 5 1 6 Next Hop Mask Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Static Routes 0 0 0 0 Any valid subnet mask address Specifies the subnet mask of the next hop router This parameter also defines a black hole route for a supernet Enter the subnet mask in dotted decimal notation To configure a black hole static route enter 255 255 255 255 If you are configuring a static route to an unnumbered interface enter 0 0 0 0 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 5 1 7 A 28 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Preference Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Static Routes 16 1 to 16 Specifies a weighted value from 1 to 16 with 16 being the most preferred that the IP router uses to select a route when its routing tables contain multiple routes to the same destination Enter a value from 1 to 16 for this static route To configure a black hole static route enter the m
265. ol IP Configuration IP Address Standard 128 10 4 2 IP Configuration Mask 255 255 255 252 OSPF Area Area 0 0 0 1 OSPF Interface Broadcast Type Point to point E 4 308627 14 00 Rev 00 IP OSPF Configuration Example Table E 3 Area Border Router 3 Site Manager Window Parameter Interface F31 Setting IP Configuration IP Address 128 10 2 3 IP Configuration Mask 255 255 255 248 OSPF Global Rtr ID 128 10 2 3 OSPF Area Area 0 0 0 0 OSPF Interface Broadcast Type Broadcast Interface O21 IP Configuration IP Address 128 10 5 3 IP Configuration Mask 255 255 255 0 OSPF Area Area 0 0 0 1 OSPF Interface Broadcast Type Broadcast Interface S21 WAN Protocol Standard IP Configuration IP Address IP Configuration Mask 128 10 4 5 255 255 255 252 OSPF Area Area 0 0 0 1 OSPF Interface Broadcast Type Point to point 308627 14 00 Rev 00 E 5 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Table E 4 Area Border Router 4 Site Manager Window Parameter Setting Interface F31 IP Configuration IP Address 128 10 2 4 IP Configuration Mask 255 255 255 248 OSPF Global Rtr ID 128 10 2 4 OSPF Area Area 0 0 0 0 OSPF Interface Broadcast Type Broadcast Interface S21 WAN Protocol Frame relay IP Configuration IP Address 128 10 6 4 IP Configuration Mask 255 255 255 248 OSPF Area Area 0 0
266. om host A to host B 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 31 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Ti 1 544 Mb Assigned cost metric 1 m Router 2 Router 1 Figure 6 3 56 Kb Assigned cost metric 10 Assigned cost IP0018A Example of Using Configurable Cost Metrics Table 6 6 lists the suggested values for the metric cost parameter by network type or bit rate Table 6 6 Cost Settings Network Type or Bit Rate Suggested Metric Cost 100 Mb s or greater 1 default Ethernet 802 3 10 E1 48 T1 65 64 Kb s 1562 56 Kb s 1785 19 2 Kb s 5208 9 6 Kb s 10416 6 32 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services By default each OSPF interface has a cost of 1 You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify a metric cost for the interface Using the BCC To specify a metric cost navigate to an OSPF interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 ospf and enter metric lt metric gt metric is the cost of the interface expressed as an integer For example the following command assigns a metric costs of 10 to IP interface 2 2 2 2 ospf 2 2 2 2 metric 10 ospf 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To specify a metric cost complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protoco
267. on Add The OSPF Range Area window opens continued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 45 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 8 Set the following parameters Range Net Range Mask Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 55 9 Click on OK You return to the OSPF Ranges window 10 To change the default values for the range set one or more of the following parameters Enable Mask Status e Metric Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 56 11 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Configuring a Stub Area A stub area does not import ASEs and may or may not import internal route summaries In place of routes to destinations outside the stub a border router connected to a stub injects a default route advertisement When an internal router encounters a datagram addressed to a destination outside the stub the router forwards it to the border router specified in the default route advertisement Assume for example that the stub area in Figure 1 6 on page 1 16 has been configured to import no internal or external routing information Border router 8 receives ASEs and internal summaries from its interface to the backbone However border router 8 does not forward the ASEs or summaries to the stub I
268. on an Interface 4 13 Defining the RARP Mapping Table 4 13 Disabling and Reenabling RARP Globally 4 14 Deleting RARP Globally 4 15 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing ARP and RARP Services Disabling and Enabling RARP on an Interface You can disable or reenable individual RARP interfaces by selecting them from the list of interfaces in the RARP Interface Table To disable or reenable RARP on an interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure 1 You do this In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols System responds The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens Choose Reverse ARP The Reverse ARP menu opens Choose Interface Table The RARP Interface Table window opens a oO hy Set the Enable Disable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 35 Click on Apply 7 Click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Defining the RARP Mapping Table The RARP mapping table lists the clients on the network that use the router s RARP services You define the router s MAC address to IP address RARP mapping table as follows Specify the MAC address of each client that will use the RARP services of this router The client will include the MAC address that you specify in RARP broadcasts to the router Specify the IP address corresponding to the value of the MAC address th
269. on is disabled for this area Either accept the default value None to disable password authentication or select Simplepassword to enable password authentication 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 1 5 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Import AS Extern Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Areas Import External Import External Import No External Import NSSA Indicates whether or not an area imports AS external LSAs If an area imports type 5 AS external LSAs it is a normal non stub area If an area does not import AS external LSAs it is a stub area If an area imports type 7 external LSAs only it is an NSSA not so stubby area Set to Import No External if you want to configure a stub area Set to Import NSSA if you want to configure a not so stubby area NSSA Otherwise accept the default Import External to configure a normal area 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 2 1 6 Stub Default Metric Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPEF gt Areas 1 1 to 16777215 When an area border router ABR is connected to a stub area it generates a type 3 summary LSA to the area specifying the default route When an ABR is connected to an NSSA it generates a type 3 summary LSA if type 3 L
270. onds with an ARP reply if there is a valid route that is if the router is able to forward traffic to the destination in the routing table This route may be a subnet route or a default route For the router to respond for subnets that are reachable via the default route you must configure IP to use a default route for unknown subnets see Using a Default Route for an Unknown Subnet on page 3 12 Some devices use Proxy ARP to determine a gateway rather than relying on a statically defined default gateway These devices use ARP for all remote destinations To enable the router to reply to ARP for remote destinations on other networks you must enable Proxy ARP and set the Nonlocal ARP Destination parameter to Accept see Customizing Global ARP on page 4 3 By default Proxy ARP is disabled on the interface You can use the BCC or Site Manager to enable Proxy ARP Using the BCC To enable or disable Proxy ARP navigate to the IP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 and enter proxy lt state gt state is one of the following enabled disabled default For example the following command enables Proxy ARP on IP interface 2 2 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 proxy enabled ip 2 2 2 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 4 9 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Using Site Manager To enable or disable Proxy ARP complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System respon
271. onfiguration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPE gt Global All slots Any slot on the router Indicates which slots the OSPF soloist is eligible to run on If the slot on which the OSPF soloist is running goes down the router will attempt to run OSPF on another slot specified by this parameter Select all of the appropriate slots Use caution when selecting the slots on which OSPF may run If you choose an empty slot and it is the only slot you choose OSPF will not run if you choose a slot that becomes disabled and it is the only slot you choose OSPF will not restart 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 1 10 ASE Metric Support Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Global Disable Enable Disable Causes the router to use the route weight as the OSPF metric in OSPF ASE type 2 advertisements Disable ASE metric support if the router is to interoperate with routers using an OSPF version earlier than Version 8 00 The new metric is not compatible with the earlier metric 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 1 11 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 39 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Backup Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt
272. onfigure more than 32 accept or announce policy rules for a protocol you must set this parameter to a larger value IP will round the value up to the next multiple of 32 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 1 15 Route Filter Support Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Global Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether or not IP supports route filters If you do not require support for route filters select Disable Otherwise accept the default 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 1 16 A 24 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters RIP Maximum Equal Cost Paths Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Global 1 lto5 Specifies the maximum number of equal cost paths allowed for a network stored in the routing table by RIP If you enabled equal cost multipath support on the router specify a value from 2 to 5 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 1 17 Multiple Nexthop Calculation Method Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Global Disable Disable Round Robin Source Destination Hash Destination Hash Enables and disables equal cost multipath support for RIP and OSPF and specifies the method that IP uses to choose the next hop when more than one is ava
273. ontinued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 5 23 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 4 Choose Add Delete The Select Protocols window opens The RIP button is checked to show that RIP is enabled on the circuit 5 Click on RIP 6 Click on OK Site Manager deletes RIP services from the connector and returns you to the Circuit Definition window 7 Choose File The File menu opens 8 Choose Exit You return to the Configuration Manager window Configuring RIP Accept and Announce Policies RIP accept policies and announce policies allow you to control the flow of routing information in and out of the routing table as follows e An accept policy controls the routing information that is considered for inclusion in the IP routing table e An announce policy controls the routing information that RIP advertises For an introduction to IP policies see IP Routing Policies and Filters on page 1 22 The following topics describe how to configure RIP accept and announce policies Topic Page Defining a RIP Accept Policy 5 25 Supplying Modification Values for a RIP Accept Policy 5 28 Specifying Matching Criteria for a RIP Accept Policy 5 29 Defining a RIP Announce Policy 5 31 Supplying Modification Values for a RIP Announce Policy 5 33 Specifying Matching Criteria for a RIP Announce Policy 5 35
274. oose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose RIP Interfaces The IP RIP Interface Configuration window opens continued 5 20 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing RIP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 4 Click on the RIP interface that you want to The parameter values for that interface edit appear in the IP RIP Interface Configuration window 5 Set the Timeout Timer parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 67 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying a Holddown Period When RIP determines that a network is unreachable RIP continues to advertise a route to that network for a default holddown period of 90 seconds If you enabled dial optimized routing on this interface the default is 3 hours You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify a holddown period from 15 seconds through 259 200 seconds 72 hours For dial optimized routing the maximum value is 3 628 800 seconds 6 weeks You should set the holddown timer to a value equal to three times the value of the update interval see Specifying an Update Interval on page 5 18 Using the BCC To specify the holddown period navigate to a RIP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 rip and enter holddown timer lt seconds gt seconds is the holddown period expresse
275. optimized routing 5 18 enabling and disabling 5 3 equal cost multipath support 3 15 listening for default route 5 17 listening for updates 5 14 poisoned reverse updates 5 9 sending triggered updates 5 11 setting diameter 5 2 split horizon updates 5 9 stabilization time 5 22 starting 2 6 supplying updates 5 8 time to live value for updates 5 13 update mode 5 4 RIP Diameter parameter global IP 5 2 A 22 RIP Listen parameter 5 15 A 65 308627 14 00 Rev 00 RIP Maximum Equal Cost Paths parameter 3 17 A 25 RIP Mode parameter 5 6 A 68 RIP route filters C 1 RIP Supply parameter 5 9 A 64 rip diameter command 5 2 rip max paths command 3 16 Route Filter Support parameter 3 15 A 24 route filter support enabling and disabling 3 14 route filters command 3 14 Router Discovery broadcast type for advertisements 3 56 definition 1 20 3 54 enabling and disabling 3 55 interface preference for 3 59 interval between advertisements 3 57 lifetime of advertised addresses 3 58 Router ID parameter 6 5 A 38 router id command 6 4 routing table estimating size of 3 11 Rtr Priority parameter 6 24 A 44 S size of routing table estimating 3 11 Slot Mask parameter IP interface 2 11 A 15 slot mask command 6 5 SMDS Arp Request Address parameter 3 39 A 13 SMDS Group Address parameter IP interface 3 39 A 12 soloist OSPF 6 5 split horizon RIP updates 5 9 starting TP 2 5 IP on circuitless int
276. or example the following command causes RIP to stop supplying updates on IP interface 2 2 2 2 rip 2 2 2 2 supply disabled rip 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To disable or reenable RIP updates complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose RIP Interfaces The IP RIP Interface Configuration window opens 4 Click on the RIP interface that you want to The parameter values for that interface edit appear in the IP RIP Interface Configuration window continued 5 8 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing RIP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 5 Set the RIP Supply parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 64 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying the Update Mode RIP can issue routing updates in the following modes e Poisoned reverse the default e Split horizon e Actual cost Poisoned reverse mode and split horizon mode are schemes for controlling the way a router advertises a route to the neighbor from which it learned the route In poisoned reverse updating a router that sends updates to a neighbor includes routes learned from that neighbor but sets the route metric to
277. ose Globals The Edit RARP Global Parameters window opens continued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing ARP and RARP Services Site Manager Procedure continued 5 You do this Set the Enable Disable parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 35 System responds Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Deleting RARP Globally To globally delete RARP from all router interfaces on which it is configured complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens Choose Reverse ARP The Reverse ARP menu opens Choose Delete RARP A confirmation window opens AJIN Click on OK Site Manager deletes RARP from all router interfaces and returns you to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 4 15 Chapter 5 Customizing RIP Services You customize the Routing Information Protocol RIP by setting RIP parameters as described under the following topics Topic Page Setting the RIP Diameter 5 2 Customizing a RIP Interface 5 3 Configuring RIP Accept and Announce Policies 5 24 308627 14 00 Rev 00 5 1 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Setting the RIP Diameter The RI
278. ospf and enter mtu lt size gt size is 1 2 or the MTU size in bytes For example the following command sets the MTU to 2 on IP interface 2 2 2 2 A value of 2 sends packets no larger than the IP MTU size for Ethernet 1500 ospf 2 2 2 2 mtu 2 ospf 2 2 2 2 6 34 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Using Site Manager To specify the MTU size complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Interfaces The OSPF Interfaces window opens 5 Click on the OSPF interface that you want The parameter values for that interface to edit appear in the OSPF Interfaces window 6 Set the MTU Size parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 48 7 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying the MTU Mismatch Detect The mismatch detect controls the interpretation of the MTU field in the database description packet header According to RFC 2178 the MTU indicates the largest size IP packet that an OSPF interface can receive If the MTU of a packet is greater than the MTU that the interface can receive the packet is ignored and an adjacency is not formed In RFC 1583 this field does not exist
279. out configuring IP interfaces on an ATM LIS see Configuring ATM Services You can use the BCC or Site Manager to do the following Specify the ATMARP mode client or server You must configure one ATMARP server for each logical IP subnet that you define Define the ATM address network prefix of the ATMARP server on your network A complete ATM address consists of a network prefix and a user part Define the user part suffix of the ATM address for the ATMARP server on your network The user part consists of a 6 byte end station identifier and a 1 byte selector field Specify for a client the interval between registration refreshes 3 42 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP e Specify for a server the duration for which the registration is valid Using the BCC To set parameters for an ATM logical IP subnet navigate to an IP interface prompt on a classical IP service record for example box atm 11 1 classical ip service paris ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 and enter arp mode lt mode gt mode is one of the following client default server To specify the ATM address of an ATMARP server enter atmarp server address lt address gt address is an ATM hexadecimal address 40 characters To specify a server registration interval enter atmarp server interval lt interval gt interval is any integer The default value for a client is 900 seconds for a server 1200 seconds To disable or reenab
280. oute for example 128 10 8 0 255 255 255 0 1 the router may generate the following error message in the router log file 2 04 16 99 09 44 24 096 WARNING SLOT 5 IP Code 56 Error when configuring static route 128 10 8 0 255 255 255 0 1 This message indicates that the static route is not configured at the time stated because all necessary MIB sets are not completed Error checking occurs as each attribute is set The router code generates the error messages to prevent misconfigured static routes You can verify that a static route has been created correctly by issuing a get command for the valid attribute in the wflIpStaticRouteEntry 10 instance Using the BCC To define a static route navigate to the global IP prompt for example box ip and enter static route address lt destination gt mask lt ip_mask gt next hop address lt next_hop gt destination is the destination IP address jjp_mask is the mask of the destination IP address next_hop is the next hop IP address The static route prompt appears The BCC configures a static route with default values for all static route parameters and displays a static route specific prompt You customize a static route by modifying static route parameters Navigate to the static route prompt and enter lt parameter gt lt value gt parameter value is one of the parameter value pairs described in Table 3 5 3 50 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP
281. outing domain According to the OSPF standard all routers in a given area must maintain a similar database To maintain database integrity across the network a router must not manipulate received LSAs before propagating them to other routers To accomplish this OSPF accept and announce policies act in the following manner e OSPF accept policies control which OSPF non self originated external routing information is passed to the routing table manager The accept policies control only what the local router uses they do not affect the propagation of OSPF internal and OSPF non self originated external information to other routers e OSPF announce policies control which self originated external routing updates are placed into the LSDB for distribution according to the OSPF standard OSPF announce policies affect what other routers learn but only with regard to the local router s self originated information For instructions on configuring OSPF policies see Configuring OSPF Accept and Announce Policies on page 6 57 308627 14 00 Rev 00 1 25 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services IP Traffic Filters A traffic filter enables the router to selectively relay or drop an inbound packet frame or datagram based on standard protocol fields or user defined fields Traffic filters apply to incoming traffic only For information about IP traffic filters see Configuring Traffic Filters and Protocol Prioritization 1 26
282. plies to BGP advertisements received from BGP peers in an AS on this list and applies only to BGP sourced routes when BGP is included as a route source Specify one or more AS numbers Use the default empty list to indicate that this policy applies to BGP advertisements from peers in any AS RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 20 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 20 B 16 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Routing Policy Parameters Received BGP Next Hop Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Announce Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies An empty list A list of IP addresses Specifies one or more IP addresses This policy applies to BGP advertisements whose Next Hop attribute matches an IP address on this list and applies only to BGP sourced routes when BGP is included as a route source Specify one or more IP addresses Use the default empty list to indicate that this policy applies to BGP advertisements with any Next Hop attribute RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 21 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 21 RIP Announce Policy Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID External Route Source Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP g
283. pports three methods of distribution for equal cost routes e Round robin distribution IP forwards each packet to a different next hop until it reaches the end of the list of available next hops then it repeats the list Round robin distribution makes full use of available resources but may cause packets to be delivered out of order e Source destination hash distribution based on the source and destination address IP forwards all packets with a given source and destination address to the same next hop This method increases the chances that the packets will be delivered in order 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 15 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services e Destination hash distribution based on the destination address only IP forwards all packets with a given destination address to the same next hop If you enable equal cost multipath support on the router IP can store multiple equal cost best RIP and OSPF routes in the routing table When RIP or OSPF submits a route to a destination one of the following events occurs e IP determines that the current route to that destination is better than the new route IP discards the new route e IP determines that the new route is better than the current route IP discards the current route and replaces it with the new route If the routing table contains multiple equal cost best routes IP discards all of these routes e IP determines that the new route and the current route have the same
284. r Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID RIP Diameter Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Global 15 1 to 127 Specifies the value or hop count that the Routing Information Protocol RIP uses to denote infinity In order for RIP to operate properly every router within the network must be configured with an identical RIP diameter value If RIP is not enabled this parameter specifies the maximum number of hops within the autonomous system if RIP is not enabled the IP router still must understand network width You must set this parameter so that none of the interface cost static cost or route filter cost parameters exceed the RIP diameter Nortel Networks recommends that you accept the default RIP diameter value of 15 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 1 6 Zero Subnet Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Global Disable Enable Disable Specifies whether an interface address whose subnet portion is all zeros or all ones should be declared legal or not If you set this parameter to Enable then you can configure IP interfaces with a subnet ID of zero Setting this parameter to Disable prevents you from doing so Accept the default Disable if you do not have any interfaces that have a zero subnet ID Otherwise reset this parameter to Enable The use of all zero subnet addresses is discouraged for the following reason if an all zero subnet address and an all zero broadc
285. r front end services and instructions for configuring them You can print selected technical manuals and release notes free directly from the Internet Go to support baynetworks com library tpubs Find the product for which you need documentation Then locate the specific category and model or version for your hardware or software product Using Adobe Acrobat Reader you can open the manuals and release notes search for the sections you need and print them on most standard printers You can download Acrobat Reader free from the Adobe Systems Web site www adobe com 308627 14 00 Rev 00 xxi Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services You can purchase selected documentation sets CDs and technical publications through the collateral catalog The catalog is located on the World Wide Web at support baynetworks com catalog html and is divided into sections arranged alphabetically The CD ROMs section lists available CDs e The Guides Books section lists books on technical topics e The Technical Manuals section lists available printed documentation sets How to Get Help If you purchased a service contract for your Nortel Networks product from a distributor or authorized reseller contact the technical support staff for that distributor or reseller for assistance If you purchased a Nortel Networks service program contact one of the following Nortel Networks Technical Solutions Centers Technical
286. r by appending information to the table if the table is not full or by overwriting the oldest first in table entry if the table is full 3 40 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP When IP flushes a route from the routing table it also removes the route from the forwarding tables thus ensuring that invalid routing information is not retained in interface specific caches An interface that receives packets that are destined for a large number of different destinations may benefit from a larger forwarding table The larger the number of entries the more likely it is that the destination will already be in the forwarding table and the faster the route lookups will be for those destinations Keep in mind that configuring a forwarding table size that is larger than necessary reduces the total amount of memory usable by other applications On the other hand configuring a forwarding table size that is too small can affect overall router performance Check the number of cache hits and misses to determine the optimal size of the forwarding table For debugging purposes if you see the wflIpInterfaceCacheMisses statistic going up at a rapid rate consider increasing the table size However an occasional cache miss does not warrant an increase in the table size By default IP allocates a cache for 128 destination entries on the interface You can specify a different cache size Using the BCC To set the maximum number
287. rameters A 2 RARP Parameters A 35 OSPF Parameters A 37 RIP Parameters A 64 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 1 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services IP Parameters Topic Page IP Configuration Parameters A 2 IP Interface Parameters A 4 IP Global Parameters A 19 Static Route Parameters A 26 Adjacent Host Parameters A 30 Router Discovery Parameters A 33 IP Configuration Parameters Parameter IP Address Path Select IP from the Select Protocols window and click on OK Default None Options 0 0 0 0 or any valid IP address Function Assigns a 32 bit IP address to the interface Instructions Enter the IP address of the interface in dotted decimal notation Enter 0 0 0 0 to configure an unnumbered interface on the circuit MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 4 A 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Subnet Mask Select IP from the Select Protocols window and click on OK None The Configuration Manager automatically calculates an appropriate subnet mask depending on the class of the network to which the interface connects However you can change the subnet mask with this parameter Specifies the network and subnetwork portion of the 32 bit IP address Either accept the assigned
288. ransmit interval navigate to an OSPF interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 ospf and enter retransmission interval lt interval gt interval is the number of seconds between retransmissions For example the following command specifies an OSPF retransmission interval of 10 seconds for IP interface 2 2 2 2 ospf 2 2 2 2 retransmission interval 10 ospf 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To set the retransmit interval complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Interfaces The OSPF Interfaces window opens 5 Click on the OSPF interface that you want The parameter values for that interface to edit appear in the OSPF Interfaces window 6 Set the Retransmit Interval parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 45 7 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 6 26 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Setting the Hello Interval The Hello interval specifies how often the router sends Hello messages on the interface By default OSPF transmits a Hello message every 10 seconds Customizing OSPF Services Each type of network has an optimum Hello interval If the interface is connected to
289. rdisc 2 2 2 2 min interval 550 max interval 750 rdisc 2 2 2 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 57 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Using Site Manager To specify the minimum and maximum number of seconds between advertisements complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Router Discovery The IP Router Discovery window opens 4 Set the following parameters Minimum Interval Maximum Interval Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 33 5 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Configuring the Lifetime of Advertised Addresses You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify the maximum length of time that advertised addresses are to be considered as valid router addresses by hosts in the absence of further advertisements The default value is 1800 seconds Using the BCC To specify the maximum length of time that advertised addresses are considered valid by hosts navigate to a Router Discovery prompt on an IP interface for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 rdisc and enter lifetime lt interval gt interval is any integer For example the following command sets the lifetime of advertised addresses to 2500 seconds on interfac
290. rds the route to the routing table manager precedence 0 default to any Assigns a metric value to this policy a policy integer with a higher value takes precedence over a policy with a lower value This value determines the order of precedence for policies that match the same route For example the following command specifies a precedence value of 12 for OSPF announce policy pol_1 announce pol_l1 ospf precedence 12 announce pol_1 ospf Using Site Manager To create an OSPF announce policy complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Policy Filters The Policy Filters menu opens 4 Choose OSPF The OSPF Policies menu opens 5 Choose Announce Policies The OSPF Announce Policy Filters window opens 6 Click on Add The OSPF Announce IP Policy Filter Configuration window opens continued 6 64 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 7 Set the following parameters Name Action Rule Precedence Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page B 8 8 Click on OK You return to the OSPF Announce Policy Filters window 9 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return
291. re boundary routers that use BGP and EGP to connect the backbone to external ASs R7 in area 0 0 0 1 and R15 in area 0 0 0 3 are also boundary routers that use RIP to connect to external ASs R19 in area 0 0 0 4 connects the area to an external AS via BGP 308627 14 00 Rev 00 IP Concepts Terminology and Features OSPF Implementation Notes This section provides suggestions to help you configure your OSPF network The Nortel Networks implementation of OSPF does not restrict you to these suggestions but we provide them as guidelines Use the same password throughout an area or even throughout the entire OSPF AS if possible Use the default timer values unless you are running 9 6 KB synchronous lines In this case double the default timer values on both ends of the link Use address ranges if your network is a subnetted network Keep all subnets within one area If you cross areas you cannot configure summaries Make sure the AS boundary router function is enabled if the router has any non OSPF interfaces and if you want the router to propagate that information Configure virtual links for each area border router that does not reside within or directly interface to the backbone Every area border router must have a configured path to the backbone OSPF considers the cost of a path not just the hop count when choosing the best path Each interface however is assigned the default cost 1 for the path to which it interfaces
292. ress RIP V1 advertises only the natural network of the subnet Note Nortel Networks recommends that you select RIP2 mode for unnumbered interfaces With RIP2 RIP updates contain both the route and mask information BGP peers NetBIOS and BootP cannot be configured directly on an unnumbered interface To configure a BGP peer to peer session on routers connected through unnumbered interfaces see Configuring IP Exterior Gateway Protocols BGP and EGP To route NetBIOS packets over an unnumbered interface you must configure a static entry to the name server To run BootP over unnumbered interfaces you must select a preferred BootP server For instructions see Configuring SNMP BootP and DHCP Services 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Starting IP Services Using the Alternate Associated Address Option The alternate associated address option ensures that a network on an unnumbered interface remains reachable IP automatically assigns an alternate associated address to an unnumbered interface in the event that the primary associated address goes down IP uses the first available interface Note If an associated address becomes unreachable some functionality may be lost for certain protocols over the unnumbered interface To enable the associated address option complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose
293. ria for a RIP Announce Policy You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify matching criteria for a RIP announce policy Using the BCC To specify matching criteria for a RIP announce policy navigate to the policy prompt for example box ip rip announce pol_1 and enter match A match prompt for the policy appears For example the following command invokes a match prompt for the RIP announce policy pol_1 announce pol_1 rip match match rip announce pol_1l At this prompt enter lt match_criterion gt match_criterion is one of the parameter value pairs listed in Table 5 6 Table 5 6 BCC Match Parameters for RIP Announce Policies Parameter Values Function external source any default Specifies one or more external route source direct identifiers If you specify an external route static source a route from that source that meets rip the other criteria of this policy matches the ospf policy This parameter applies only to OSPF egp routes that use the new ASE type 2 metric bgp The protocol from which OSPF received the route is encoded in the ASE metric along with the route s metric To specify any external route source use the default continued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 5 35 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Table 5 6 BCC Match Parameters for RIP Announce Policies continued Parameter Values Function ospf type any default type type2 external i
294. ring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID BGP OSPF Automatic Tag Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies Disable Enable Disable Enables BGP OSPF automatic tag generation Select Disable the default to use the value you specify with the OSPF Tag parameter Select Enable to generate a tag according to the criteria in RFC 1403 or any superseding RFC This parameter overrides the Tag Generation Method parameter in the Edit OSPF Global Parameters window 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 24 OSPF Metric Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies 0 0 or an export metric Specifies an optional OSPF metric to use when advertising a route that matches this policy Set the Action parameter to Announce If you use the default the OSPF metric is the routing table metric 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 25 B 20 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Routing Policy Parameters OSPF NSSA Propagate Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies Disable Enable Disable Specifies whether the propagate bit is set in type 7 LSAs of
295. rompt for example box ip ospf and enter router id lt p_address gt jjp_address is a valid IP address in dotted decimal notation Using Site Manager To change the OSPF router ID complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Global The Edit OSPF Global Parameters window opens continued 6 4 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 5 Set the Router ID parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 38 6 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window Configuring the Soloist and Backup Soloist on a Slot The OSPF protocol is implemented as a soloist that is as a single process running on a single slot of a router When you add an OSPF interface to a circuit the router enables OSPF on a slot If the slot on which the OSPF soloist is running goes down the router tries to run OSPF on another slot Each time the OSPF soloist is restarted all of the routing information is lost and must be relearned from the network The OSPF backup soloist provides a method of preserving information learned from the network in the event of an OSPF cras
296. ropagate advertise disabled default enabled List of network identifiers Specifies whether the propagate bit P bit is set in type 7 LSAs of announced OSPF external routes If the P bit is set the NSSA area border router translates type 7 default route LSAs to type 5 default route LSAs before flooding them to all non stub areas Specifies network IDs to include in place of the network IDs listed in the route to be advertised The BCC implements this criterion as an object To specify a list create multiple objects For example the following command sequence sets the propagate bit in type 7 LSAs of routes that match OSPF announce policy pol_1 announce pol_1 ospf modify modify ospf announce pol_1 nssa propagate enabled 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Using Site Manager To specify an override value for an OSPF announce policy complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Select IP The IP menu opens 3 Select Policy Filters The Policy Filters menu opens 4 Select OSPF The OSPF Policies menu opens 5 Select Announce Policies The OSPF Announce Policy Filters window opens 6 Select the policy that you want to edit 7 Set one or more of the following parameters Advertise OSPF Type OSPF Tag BGP OSPF Automatic Tag OSP
297. rwarded to the network that is the best longest or most specific match for the packet s destination You can use the BCC or Site Manager to configure a summary route 6 44 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Using the BCC To configure a summary route navigate to an OSPF area prompt for example box ip ospf area 0 0 0 2 and enter summary network lt jip_ address gt mask lt ip_mask gt ijp_address and ip_mask are an IP address mask pair defining the summary route For example the following command creates the summary route 140 191 0 0 with a mask of 255 0 0 0 area 0 0 0 1 Summary network 140 191 0 0 mask 255 0 0 0 summary 0 0 0 1 140 191 0 0 By default OSPF advertises the summary route To change the setting navigate to the summary prompt and enter action lt action gt action is one of the following advertise the default block Using Site Manager To configure a summary route complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Areas The OSPF Areas window opens 5 Click on the area for which you want to The parameter values for that area define a range appear in the OSPF Areas window 6 Click on Ranges The OSPF Ranges window opens 7 Click
298. rwarding Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Global Forwarding Forwarding Not Forwarding Specifies whether the IP router forwards IP traffic that is not explicitly addressed to it Select Forwarding if you want the IP router to route forward IP traffic Forwarding configures the IP router to process all broadcast packets and all IP packets explicitly addressed to it and to route all other IP packets Select Not Forwarding if you want to provide IP management access by means of TFIP and SNMP to all active IP interfaces but also want to prohibit the IP router from forwarding IP traffic You must specify an identical IP address and mask combination for each active IP interface that will provide management access Not Forwarding configures the IP router to act as an IP host it does not forward IP traffic but it still processes packets explicitly addressed to it In Not Forwarding mode only static routes and adjacent host routes are allowed No routing protocols are initiated Because the IP router does not forward IP traffic in Not Forwarding mode you must configure the router to bridge IP traffic not explicitly addressed to it You must configure the bridge for each circuit that conveys IP datagrams The bridge then forwards all IP datagrams that are not explicitly addressed to the router 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 1 4 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default
299. s 15 seconds 1 to 360 seconds Indicates the number of seconds between the Hello packets that the router sends on the interface Nortel Networks suggests the following values for this parameter for broadcast 10 seconds for point to point 15 seconds for NBMA 20 seconds for point to multipoint 15 seconds Either accept the default value of 15 seconds or set the Hello Interval parameter to another value from 1 to 360 seconds This value must be the same for the virtual neighbor and for all routers attached to the same network 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 7 1 8 Dead Interval Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Virtual Interfaces 60 seconds 1 to 2000 seconds Indicates the number of seconds that a router s Hello packets have not been seen before its neighbors declare the router down This value should be some multiple of the Hello interval Nortel Networks suggests the following values for this parameter for broadcast 40 seconds for point to point 60 seconds for NBMA 80 seconds for point to multipoint 60 seconds Either accept the default value of 60 seconds or enter another value for this parameter This value must be the same for all routers attached to the same network 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 7 1 9 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Password Configuration Manag
300. s Site Manager s SNMP connection to the router restarting IP on that interface causes Site Manager to temporarily lose its router connection and to display a warning message To verify that the change took effect display the Edit IP Global Parameters window and inspect the settings 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 21 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Disabling and Reenabling an IP Interface When you configure an IP interface on a circuit the interface is automatically enabled You can use the BCC or Site Manager to change the state of the IP interface as required Using the BCC To disable or reenable an IP interface navigate to an IP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 and enter state lt state gt state is one of the following enabled default disabled For example the following command disables IP interface 2 2 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 state disabled ip 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To disable or renable an IP interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Interfaces The IP Interface List window opens 4 Click on the interface that you want to edit Site Manager displays the parameter values for that interface in the IP Interface List window Set the En
301. s You can configure up to 12 static routes to the same destination 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 5 1 3 Address Mask Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Static Routes gt Add None Based on the network class of the IP address you specified using the Destination IP Address parameter Specifies the subnet mask of the destination network Specifies the supernet mask of the supernet for which you want to configure a black hole static route Enter the subnet or supernet mask in dotted decimal notation To configure a default route enter 0 0 0 0 To configure a black hole static route enter a supernet mask 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 5 1 4 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 27 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Cost Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Static Routes gt Add 1 1 to the value of the RIP Diameter parameter maximum 127 Specifies the number of router hops that a datagram can traverse before reaching the destination IP address The IP router uses the cost value when determining the best route for a datagram to follow Enter the number of router hops 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 5 1 5 Next Hop Addr Configuration Manager gt Prot
302. s gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies An empty list A list of IP addresses Specifies the IDs of one or more OSPF routers This policy applies to OSPF advertisements authored by a router on this list and applies only to OSPF sourced routes when OSPF is included as a route source Specify one or more IP addresses Use the default empty list to indicate that this policy applies to OSPF updates from any router RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 13 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 13 Received OSPF Type Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Announce Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies Any Type 1 Type 2 External Internal Any Specifies which types of OSPF routes match this policy and applies only to OSPF sourced routes when OSPF is included as a route source To match any route type enter Any To match any non ASE route enter Internal To match any ASE route enter External To match any external type 1 route enter Type 1 To match any external type 2 route enter Type 2 RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 14 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 14 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Parameter Path Path Default Options Function
303. s that the host will not receive any fragments from a peer doing path MTU discovery Select Enabled to enable path MTU discovery on this interface select Disabled to disable the option on this interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 24 1 12 ASB Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces Disabled Enabled Disabled Specifies whether the IP router floods all subnet broadcast ASB datagrams it receives out this interface An ASB datagram has a destination address equal to the broadcast address for an entire network all subnets For example if a network interface serves the subnet 128 10 2 1 with a subnet mask of 255 255 255 0 the IP router considers any datagram with a destination address of 128 10 255 255 or 128 10 0 0 to be an ASB datagram Specify Enabled if you want the IP router to flood ASBs out this interface specify Disabled to prevent the router from flooding ASBs out this interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 24 1 14 A 6 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Site Manager Parameters Parameter Address Resolution Type Path Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces Default ARP Options ARP X 25 DDN X 25 PDN INARP ARPINARP NONE X 25 BFE DDN PROBE ARP PROBE ATMARP Function Specifies the address resolution scheme for this interface The address resolution scheme enables an originating end station to send broadcast packets containing the network layer address to all nodes on a LAN
304. s a source routing network the router must act as an end station supplying route descriptors for each packet before it sends it onto the network With end station support enabled an IP router does the following Figure 3 2 1 Receives a packet and determines that the packet s next hop is located across a source routing network Adds the necessary routing information field RIF information to the packet s MAC header Sends the packet onto the network where it is source routed toward the next hop 3 34 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP Upon receiving the packet from the token ring network the peer router strips off the RIF and continues to route the packet toward the destination network address End station 1 m Token Router 1 Vv Vy ring Router 2 Bridge A Bridge B 2A Packet sent from end station 1 End station 2 WF2 WF1 SNAP ia DATA Source route RIF Packet sent from router 1 WF2 WF1 0830 001A002B 0030 SNAP Le DATA Packet sent from router 2 WF2 WF1 SNAP Lp DATA Figure 3 2 IP Routers Source Routing Across a Token Ring Network IP0012A The router can send ARP packets over an interface configured for a token ring network Nortel Networks supports both spanni
305. s from an adjacent network in periodic updates subsequently sent to that network Select Poisoned to configure this RIP interface to implement poisoned reverse When poisoned reverse is enabled the RIP interface advertises routes to the adjacent network from which it learned the routes In RIP updates RIP uses a hop count equal to the RIP network diameter plus one thus declaring the destination unreachable Poisoned reverse can speed up the convergence of the network routing tables Select Split to configure this RIP interface to implement split horizon When split horizon is enabled the RIP interface omits routes learned from a neighbor in RIP updates subsequently sent to that neighbor Select Actual to configure this RIP interface to advertise routes with the learned cost This mode is useful on a frame relay interface that has virtual connections VCs to different routers that are part of the same logical IP subnet 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 9 A 66 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Time to Live Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt RIP Interfaces 1 1 to 255 Specifies a TTL value to be inserted in the IP header for RIP updates Certain RIP imple
306. s on this interface By default IP sends ICMP redirect messages You can use the BCC or Site Manager to disable and reenable this feature on an IP interface as required Using the BCC To disable or reenable ICMP redirect messages navigate to an IP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 and enter redirects lt state gt state is one of the following enabled default disabled For example the following command turns off ICMP redirect messages on IP interface 2 2 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 redirects enabled ip 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To disable or reenable ICMP redirect messages complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Interfaces The IP Interface List window opens continued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 29 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 4 Click on the interface that you want to edit Site Manager displays the parameter values for that interface in the IP Interface List window 5 Set the Redirect parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 11 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Enabling All Subne
307. s that support the X 25 PDN service 308627 14 00 Rev 00 4 5 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services On interfaces configured for a token ring network the router can send ARP requests as spanning tree explorer STE or all routes explorer ARE packets By default ARP is enabled on the interface You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify an address resolution scheme Using the BCC To specify the address resolution mechanism navigate to an IP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 and enter address resolution lt type gt type is one of the following arp default ddn pdn inarp arpinarp none bfeddn probe arpprobe atmarp Using Site Manager To specify the address resolution mechanism complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Interfaces The IP Interface List window opens 4 Click on the interface that you want to edit Site Manager displays the parameter values for that interface in the IP Interface List window continued 4 6 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing ARP and RARP Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 5 Set the Address Resolution Type parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on p
308. sable the use of the route weight as the OSPF metric navigate to the global OSPF prompt for example box ip ospf and enter ase metric support lt state gt state is one of the following enabled disabled default Using Site Manager To enable or disable the use of the route weight as the OSPF metric complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The IP menu opens The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Global The Edit OSPF Global Parameters window opens Set the ASE Metric Support parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 39 Click on OK You return to the Configuration Manager window 6 10 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Choosing a Tag Generation Method for an ASE Advertisement Note This parameter applies to boundary routers only An OSPF AS external route advertisement includes an external route tag field This field allows boundary routers in an AS to exchange information about external routes The specific nature of this information is outside the scope of OSPF By default Nortel Networks boundary routers that generate ASE advertisements set the external route tag field to 0 For a boundary router running OSPF and BGP you can configure OSPF t
309. seconds or set the Hello interval to a higher number for slower speed serial lines This value must be the same for all routers attached to the same network 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 5 1 11 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 45 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Dead Interval Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Interfaces 40 seconds 1 to 2 147 483 647 seconds Indicates the number of seconds that a router s Hello packets have not been seen before its neighbors declare the router down The dead interval value should be some multiple of the Hello interval value Nortel Networks suggests the following values for this parameter for broadcast 40 seconds for point to point 60 seconds for NBMA 80 seconds for point to multipoint 60 seconds Either accept the default value of 40 seconds or set the dead interval to a higher number for slower speed serial lines This value must be the same for all routers attached to the same network 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 5 1 12 Poll Interval Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Interfaces 120 seconds 1 to 2 147 483 647 seconds Indicates the largest number of seconds allowed between Hello packets sent to an inactive NBMA neighbor Either accept the def
310. smatch Detect cccccesceeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeatens 6 35 Configuring a Neighbor on an NBMA Interface ccsceeeeeeeeeeeeteeeeeeeetaeeeeeneeees 6 36 Deleting OSPR trom an IP InterfacE msna 6 38 308627 14 00 Rev 00 ix Be SIV EEE A AA uals Merman AN een mahal mea A TE aS 6 40 Supplying an ID for the Area hans E enue rere cee a AO 6 40 Disabling and Reenabling an ATGA secs dcccscessstenesemizeasemutiecaeensinieeresumsasdeuieneskreans 6 42 Configuring Authentication 20 ccecccscecsececsseeesceeecsseeescaeecceeeeecaeesseeeeessaeeeseseeens 6 43 Configuring a S mmaty Route cccicccccssecccesssesccseesseceeeaee E E T DRIU Bees 6 44 CATING SSUES ABE arvsaai a a ene Configuring a Not So Stubby Area NSSA cc ccecceeeeececeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeseeeeeeeseeeees 6 48 Configuring an NSSA Address Range s sirena na 6 50 Goniiguring an Area Border POU OR sumni asinda a 6 53 Configuring a Virtual Backbone Link Through a Transit Area 0 02 PEER 6 54 Configuring OSPF Accept and Announce Policies cccccceceeesseeeeeeenteeeeeesneeeeesenaes 6 57 Defining ani OSPF Accepi Poley sasasiciinccsmniasinadnneasicatannsiiadaaransuntupernstednasiinsieeuanioaie ds 6 58 Specifying Matching Criteria for an OSPF Accept Policy E E dishi 6 61 Defining an OSPF Announce PONCY saronssiitissiaiprat iiini RRA 6 63 Specifying Modification Values for an OSPF Announce Policy cese
311. ssages continued Message Example Less recent LSA C3 Packet Rejected LS UPDATE LESS RECENT RX x src X X X X type x Is_id x x x x adv_rtr x x x x Is_seq x Is_age x db_seq x db_age x elapse x freeme x ackcnt x nbr_retrans x nbrEcnt x Fent x More recent LSA R3 Received more recent self originated LSA type x LSID x x x x router x x x x neighbor x x x x Max age LSA N3 LSA of MaxAge flushed type x LSID x x x x router x x x x Using the BCC To specify the messages that OSPF writes to the primary log navigate to the global OSPF prompt for example box ip ospf and enter log mask lt mask gt To specify the messages that OSPF writes to the backup log navigate to the global OSPF prompt and enter backup log mask lt mask gt mask is a bit sequence indicating the messages that you want to log Using Site Manager To specify the messages that OSPF writes to the primary log complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Global The Edit OSPF Global Parameters window opens continued 6 16 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 5 Set the following parameters
312. st that it should be using a different path to route data Set to Disable if you do not want this interface to send out redirects For example in a frame relay network two stations on the same network may not be directly connected if the network is not fully meshed Thus in this case you would set the Redirect parameter to Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 70 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Ethernet Arp Encaps Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces Ethernet Ethernet SNAP Both Probe LSAP ARP Enet Probe LSAP ARP SNAP Probe LSAP ARP Both Probe LSAP Specifies the data link encapsulation to use for ARP and HP Probe packets generated at this interface This parameter is ignored if the underlying media is anything other than Ethernet Depending on the selection you made for the ARP Resolution Type parameter ARP Probe or ARP Probe select the appropriate encapsulation option If your address resolution scheme is ARP only select Ethernet encapsulation SNAP encapsulation or Ethernet SNAP encapsulation If your resolution scheme is HP Probe only select LSAP encapsulation If your resolution scheme is ARP Probe select Ethernet LSAP encapsulation SNAP LSAP encapsulation or Eth
313. t Announce Policies Any Direct Static RIP OSPF with Type 2 metric EGP BGP Any Specifies one or more external route source identifiers If you specify an external route source a route from that source that meets the other criteria of this policy matches the policy This parameter applies only to OSPF routes that use the new ASE type 2 metric The protocol from which OSPF received the route is encoded in the ASE metric along with the route s metric To specify any external route source use the default 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 9 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Outbound Interfaces Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Announce Policies An empty list A list of IP addresses Specifies a list of outbound RIP interfaces If an interface appears in this list the policy applies to RIP advertisements sent via that interface Specify one or more IP addresses Configure an empty list to indicate that this policy applies to any outbound RIP interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 22 RIP Metric Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Announce Policies 0 O or an export metric Specifies an optional export RIP metric to use when
314. t Interfaces 0 Any decimal number Provides a multicast address for this IP interface that will send messages to all OSPF designated routers in a frame relay network If you enter a value for this parameter the frame relay switch rather than the router will send the message to all OSPF designated routers This parameter has meaning only if OSPF has been added to this interface Enter the multicast address for all OSPF designated routers as provided in the frame relay subscription agreement 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 69 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Slot Mask Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces Slot mask bit set to 1 enabling circuitless IP interface support for every router slot running IP For each slot in the router Site Manager allows you to set the slot mask bit to 1 circuitless IP interface support enabled or 0 circuitless IP interface support disabled Specifies whether circuitless IP interface support is enabled or disabled on each slot in the router If you configured a circuitless IP interface and do not want it to run on certain slots set the slot mask bit to 0 on those slots Be certain to keep the slot mask bit set to 1 on at least one slot running IP otherwise the circuitless IP interface will not initialize Setting the slot mask bit parameter to 1 on an empty slot a slot
315. t Protocols gt IP gt RIP Interfaces Disable Enable Disable Specifies whether or not frame relay services are established for all adjacent hosts before sending RIP updates Set to Enable if you want frame relay established for all adjacent hosts before sending RIP updates Otherwise accept the default Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 20 A 70 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Appendix B Routing Policy Parameters This appendix contains the Site Manager parameter descriptions for accept and announce policies You can display the same information using Site Manager online Help This appendix contains the following information Topic Page Accept Policies Common Accept Policy Parameters B 2 RIP Accept Policy Parameters B 5 OSPF Accept Policy Parameters B 6 Announce Policies Common Announce Policy Parameters B 7 RIP Announce Policy Parameters B 17 OSPF Announce Policy Parameters B 19 308627 14 00 Rev 00 B 1 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Common Accept Policy Parameters Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Accept Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filt
316. t specification nor address resolution is required 308627 14 00 Rev 00 2 11 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services As it does with routes learned over numbered interfaces IP stores each route learned over an unnumbered interface in the routing table The routing table entry for a route learned over an unnumbered interface contains the following values Next hop address 0 Next hop mask 0 Next hop interface Circuit number of the unnumbered interface Note Unnumbered interfaces cannot be pinged directly For this reason such interfaces can make it difficult to diagnose router problems Point to point connections using unnumbered interfaces can be configured to advertise RIP OSPF IBGP DVMRP and static routes The associated address assigned to the unnumbered interface determines whether or not RIP configured to send updates in Version 1 mode will advertise a subnetwork over the unnumbered interface The associated address also determines which mask is applied to RIP V1 updates received on that interface For unnumbered links using RIP V1 the defined associated addresses at each end of the link must belong to the same network and have the same mask for routes to be exchanged correctly If a subnetwork on the router has the same mask as the associated address RIP V1 will advertise that subnet over the unnumbered interface If the mask on the subnetwork is different from the mask of the associated add
317. t the subnet host portion or the local portion contains an arbitrary number of bits The network administrator allocates bits within the local portion to subnet and host and then assigns values to subnet and host For example the following is the IP address of a network that contains subnets 10000000 00100000 00001010 10100111 You specify this address in dotted decimal notation as 128 32 10 167 The second bit of the first octet is set to 0 indicating that the network is a Class B network Therefore the NIC assigned network portion contains 16 bits and the locally assigned local portion contains 16 bits The network administrator allocates the 16 bits in the local portion field as follows e Upper 8 bits 00001010 with a value of 10 to the subnet portion e Lower 8 bits 10100111 with a value of 167 to the host portion In other words the 16 bit local portion field together with the 16 bit network field specify host 167 on subnet 10 of network 128 32 You now need a subnet mask to identify those bits in the 32 bit IP address that specify the network field and those bits that specify the subnet field Like the IP address you specify the subnet mask in dotted decimal notation 308627 14 00 Rev 00 IP Concepts Terminology and Features You construct a subnet mask as follows Assign a value of 1 to each of the 8 16 or 24 bits in the network field Assign a value of 1 to each bit in the subnet field Assign a value of
318. t Broadcasting on an Interface An all subnet broadcast ASB datagram has a destination address equal to the broadcast address for an entire network all subnets For example if a network interface serves the subnet 128 10 2 1 with a subnet mask of 255 255 255 0 the IP router considers any datagram with a destination address of 128 10 255 255 or 128 10 0 0 to be an ASB datagram By default IP does not flood ASB datagrams You can use the BCC or Site Manager to turn this feature on and off as required Using the BCC To enable or disable all subnet broadcasting navigate to an IP interface prompt for example stack eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 and enter all subnet broadcast lt state gt state is one of the following enabled disabled default For example the following command causes IP to flood ASB datagrams out interface 2 2 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 all subnet broadcast enabled ip 2 2 2 2 3 30 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP Using Site Manager To enable or disable all subnet broadcasting complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Interfaces The IP Interface List window opens 4 Click on the interface that you want to edit Site Manager displays the parameter values for that interface in the IP Inter
319. t Entries in the Address Resolution Cache 4 10 Enabling and Disabling Global ARP ARP is configured and enabled on the router at startup You can use the BCC to disable and reenable ARP as required To disable or reenable ARP navigate to the global IP prompt for example box ip and enter arp The global ARP prompt appears Enter state lt state gt state is one of the following enabled default disabled For example the following command sequence disables ARP on the router ip arp arp state disabled arp 4 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing Global ARP Customizing ARP and RARP Services You can use the BCC or Site Manager to do the following e Control how ARP acts in relation to IP s forwarding state e Control whether IP drops and logs an invalid ARP source address or simply drops the request e Control whether IP drops or accepts ARP requests in which the source and destination addresses are located in different networks or subnetworks This parameter allows Proxy ARP to generate replies when the source and destination networks in the ARP request differ Using the BCC To customize global ARP navigate to the ARP global prompt for example stack ip arp and enter lt parameter gt lt value gt parameter value is one of the parameter value pairs listed in Table 4 1 Table 4 1 BCC Global ARP Parameters Parameter Values Function nonlocal source drop
320. t of authorized use of the Software and c to use and copy the associated user manual solely in support of authorized use of the Software by Licensee This license applies to the Software only and does not extend to Nortel Networks Agent software or other Nortel Networks software products Nortel Networks Agent software or other Nortel Networks software products are licensed for use under the terms of the applicable Nortel Networks NA Inc Software License Agreement that accompanies such software and upon payment by the end user of the applicable license fees for such software 2 Restrictions on use reservation of rights The Software and user manuals are protected under copyright laws Nortel Networks and or its licensors retain all title and ownership in both the Software and user manuals including any revisions made by Nortel Networks or its licensors The copyright notice must be reproduced and included with any copy of any portion of the Software or user manuals Licensee may not modify translate decompile disassemble use for any competitive analysis reverse engineer distribute or create derivative works from the Software or user manuals or any copy in whole or in part Except as expressly provided in this Agreement Licensee may not copy or transfer the Software or user manuals in whole or in part The Software and user manuals embody Nortel Networks and its licensors confidential and proprietary intellectual property Licensee shall no
321. t sublicense assign or otherwise disclose to any third party the Software or any information about the operation design performance or implementation of the Software and user manuals that is confidential to Nortel Networks and its licensors however Licensee may grant permission to its consultants subcontractors and agents to use the Software at Licensee s facility provided they have agreed to use the Software only in accordance with the terms of this license 3 Limited warranty Nortel Networks warrants each item of Software as delivered by Nortel Networks and properly installed and operated on Nortel Networks hardware or other equipment it is originally licensed for to function substantially as described in its accompanying user manual during its warranty period which begins on the date Software is first shipped to Licensee If any item of Software fails to so function during its warranty period as the sole remedy Nortel Networks will at its discretion provide a suitable fix patch or workaround for the problem that may be included in a future Software release Nortel Networks further warrants to Licensee that the media on which the Software is provided will be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use for a period of 90 days from the date Software is first shipped to Licensee Nortel Networks will replace defective media at no charge if it is returned to Nortel Networks during the warranty period along with proof of th
322. t the following parameters Name Action Route Preference e Rule Precedence e Networks From Gateway Received on Interface Apply Subnet Mask Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page B 2 8 Click on OK You return to the RIP Accept Policy Filters window 9 Click on Apply and then on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 5 27 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Supplying Modification Values for a RIP Accept Policy You can use the BCC or Site Manager to supply values that RIP uses to modify fields in a RIP update that matches the policy Using the BCC To supply a modification value to an update that matches a policy navigate to the policy prompt for example box ip rip accept pol_1 and enter modify A modification prompt appears for the policy To specify a value enter lt parameter gt lt value gt parameter value is the parameter value pair shown in Table 5 2 Table 5 2 BCC Modification Parameter for RIP Accept Policies Parameter Values Function mask 0 0 0 0 or an IP Specifies a mask that will override the mask interface s subnet mask in the presence of networks with variable length subnet masks For example the following command sequence specifies an override mask of 255 0 0 0 for accept policy pol_1 accept pol_1 rip modify modify rip accept pol_1 mask 255 0 0 0 modi
323. tatic route complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Static Routes The IP Static Routes window opens 4 Click on Add The IP Configuration window opens continued 3 52 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 5 Set the following parameters Destination IP Address Address Mask Cost Next Hop Addr Next Hop Mask Preference Unnumbered CCT Name Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 27 6 Click on OK You return to the IP Static Routes window e e e e e e Defining a Static Default Route If IP receives a data packet with a destination address that it is unable to match in its routing table it looks for a default route that it can use to forward the packet To include a default route in the routing table create a static route with a destination address of 0 0 0 0 For the next hop address specify a router that can forward the packet to its destination Defining a Static Black Hole for a Supernet A router that advertises an aggregate route by using a supernet address to represent multiple explicit routes must be able to discard packets that match the supernet address but
324. te Party Type of Number Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Adjacent Hosts International International Unknown Specifies the type of number used to establish an SVC to the adjacent host Supply the required value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 6 1 11 Adjacent Host Type Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Adjacent Hosts Default FRE 164 Default FRX 121 FRDLCI Specifies the type of adjacent host Supply a value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 6 1 12 A 32 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Site Manager Parameters Router Discovery Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Router Discovery Enable Enable Disable Disables and enables Router Discovery on this interface If you configured this interface with Router Discovery use this parameter to disable Router Discovery 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 17 1 2 Broadcast Type Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Router Discovery Multicast Multicast Local Direct Specifies the type of broadcast to use in sending advertisements Use Multicast wherever possible that is on any link where all listening hosts support IP multicast 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 17 1 5 Mini
325. te Type parameters 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 2 1 13 NSSA Propagate Def Route Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Areas Disable Enable Disable Specifies whether the propagate bit is set in the type 7 default route LSAs originated by an internal AS boundary router If this parameter is set to Enable type 7 default route LSAs can be translated into type 5 default route LSAs and flooded to all non stub areas If the propagate bit is not set in a type 7 LSA the translator ignores the LSA Set to Enable if you want the propagate bit set in type 7 default route LSAs Otherwise accept the default Disable To use this parameter you must first set the NSSA Originate Def Route parameter to Enable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 2 1 14 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters NSSA Def Route Type Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Areas Type 1 Type 1 Type 2 Specifies the path type of the default route for type 7 AS external LSAs Select Type 2 if you want to set the path type of the default route to type 2 Otherwise accept the Type 1 default route type To use this parameter you must first set the NSSA Originate Def Route parameter to Enable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 2 1 15 Area Range Parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID
326. ted ES gt Token gt Bay gt SMDS gt Bay Not supported ES gt Token gt Bay gt PPP gt Bay Not supported ES gt Token gt Bay gt Eth gt Bay gt Token gt ES Supported ES gt Token gt Bay gt Token gt Bay gt Token gt ES Supported ES gt Token gt Bay gt FDDI gt Bay gt Token gt ES Supported ES gt Token gt Bay gt PTP gt Bay gt Token gt ES Supported ES gt Token gt Bay gt FR gt Bay gt Token gt ES Supported ES gt Token gt Bay gt SMDS gt Bay gt Token gt ES Supported ES gt Token gt Bay gt PPP gt Bay gt Token gt ES Supported Nortel Networks router with bridge and IP in host only mode t Ethernet connection Token ring connection FDDI connection ttNortel Networks proprietary point to point synchronous connection Frame relay synchronous connection SMDS synchronous connection tttPPP synchronous connection 4 Station you are communicating with if not Nortel Networks Table 3 2 Learning Bridge Support for Host Only Mode Bridge Configuration Support Bay gt Etht gt Bay Supported Bay gt Token gt Bay Supported Bay gt FDDI gt Bay Supported Bay gt PTPtt gt Bay Supported Bay gt FR 4 gt Bay Supported Bay gt SMDS gt Bay Supported continued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 7 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services
327. ten lt state gt state is one of the following enabled default disabled For example the following command causes RIP to stop listening for updates on IP interface 2 2 2 2 rip 2 2 2 2 listen disabled rip 2 2 2 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing RIP Services Using Site Manager To specify whether RIP listens for routing updates complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose RIP Interfaces The IP RIP Interface Configuration window opens 4 Click on the RIP interface that you want to The parameter values for that interface edit appear 5 Set the RIP Listen parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 65 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Supplying a Default Route on an Interface When the routing table does not contain the route to a particular destination address the router looks for a default route to the destination Like any other route in the routing table the default route can be acquired dynamically by means of a routing protocol or entered statically by you This parameter is independent of the RIP supply parameter A configured policy can override the parameter By default RIP does not supply a default route You
328. ter to match this interface type If you set this parameter to NBMA you must configure neighbors manually 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 5 1 7 308627 14 00 Rev 00 A 43 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Rtr Priority Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Interfaces 1 0 to 255 Indicates the priority of this interface The router priority value is used in multiaccess networks broadcast NBMA or point to multipoint for the election of the designated router If this parameter is set to 0 this router is not eligible to become the designated router on this particular network In the case of equal Rtr Priority values the router ID determines which router becomes the designated router However if there already is a designated router on the network when you start this router it will remain the designated router no matter what your priority or router ID Set the router priority to a value from 0 through 255 or accept the default value 1 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 3 5 1 8 Transit Delay Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt OSPF MOSPF gt Interfaces 1 second 1 to 3600 seconds Indicates the estimated number of seconds it takes to route a packet over this interface Either accept the default value of 1 second
329. tes that are received as OSPF ASE type 2 routes are evaluated according to their respective origins for example RIP or BGP 308627 14 00 Rev 00 1 21 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services IP Routing Policies and Filters The IP router allows you to control the flow of routing data to and from the routing tables This control is provided by two mechanisms e IP accept and announce policies e IP import and export route filters Note Accept and announce policies provide a superset of the parameters provided by import and export route filters Nortel Networks supports both IP policies and IP route filters However if you are using import and export filters for routing table management you should migrate as soon as possible to IP policies IP accept policies and the subset of parameters provided by import filters govern the addition of new routes derived from RIP OSPF BGP or EGP to the routing tables When RIP OSPF BGP or EGP receives a new routing update it consults its accept policies to validate the information before entering the update into the routing tables Accept policies contain search information to match fields in incoming routing updates and action information to specify the action to take with matching routes IP announce policies and the subset of parameters provided by export filters govern the propagation of RIP OSPF BGP or EGP routing information When preparing a routing adv
330. the password to secret on IP interface 2 2 2 2 rip 2 2 2 2 authentication type simple rip 2 2 2 2 authentication secret Using Site Manager To configure authentication for RIP Version 2 complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose RIP Interfaces The IP RIP Interface Configuration window opens 4 Click on the RIP interface that you want to The parameter values for that interface edit appear in the IP RIP Interface Configuration window 5 Set the following parameters Authentication Type Authentication Password Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A 69 6 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window 308627 14 00 Rev 00 5 7 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Supplying RIP Updates on an Interface By default RIP supplies RIP updates to neighboring networks on each interface You can use the BCC or Site Manager to disable and reenable this feature on an interface as required Using the BCC To disable or reenable RIP updates navigate to a RIP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 rip and enter supply lt state gt state is one of the following enabled default disabled F
331. the Software to reconstruct lost or altered files data or programs 4 Limitation of liability INNO EVENT WILL NORTEL NETWORKS OR ITS LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY COST OF SUBSTITUTE PROCUREMENT SPECIAL INDIRECT INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES RESULTING FROM INACCURATE OR LOST DATA OR LOSS OF USE OR PROFITS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE EVEN IF NORTEL NETWORKS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES IN NO EVENT SHALL THE LIABILITY OF NORTEL NETWORKS RELATING TO THE SOFTWARE OR THIS AGREEMENT EXCEED THE PRICE PAID TO NORTEL NETWORKS FOR THE SOFTWARE LICENSE 5 Government Licensees This provision applies to all Software and documentation acquired directly or indirectly by or on behalf of the United States Government The Software and documentation are commercial products licensed on the open market at market prices and were developed entirely at private expense and without the use of any U S Government funds The license to the U S Government is granted only with restricted rights and use duplication or disclosure by the U S Government is subject to the restrictions set forth in subparagraph c 1 of the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause of FAR 52 227 19 and the limitations set out in this license for civilian agencies and subparagraph c 1 ii of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause of DFARS 252 227 7013 for agencies of the
332. the network to which you want to configure the static route e The subnet mask of the destination network e The number of router hops that a datagram can traverse before reaching the destination IP address The IP router uses the cost value when determining the best route for a datagram to follow e The IP address of the next hop router e The subnet mask of the next hop router e A weighted value from 1 to 16 with 16 being the most preferred that the IP router uses to choose a route when its routing tables contain multiple routes to the same destination e The local router circuit associated with the static route over an unnumbered interface IP supports multiple static routes to the same destination IP uses the best route to forward packets and treats the other routes as backup routes in case the chosen route becomes unusable or is no longer considered the best route You can also configure IP to support equal cost multipath ECMP routes for traffic load balancing If IP considers the ECMP routes to be the best routes IP uses them all in the way you specify in round robin fashion for example to forward data For information see Configuring Equal Cost Multipath Support for RIP and OSPF on page 3 15 With ECMP enabled globally on the router you can configure up to 12 ECMP static routes 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 49 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Note When you dynamically create a new static r
333. the optimal size of the forwarding table For debugging purposes if you see the wfIpInterfaceCacheMisses statistic going up at a rapid rate consider increasing the table size However an occasional cache miss does not warrant an increase in table size 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 104 Enable Security Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces Disable Enable Disable Specifies whether Revised IP Security Option RIPSO is enabled for the interface If you do not support RIPSO on your network accept the default setting Disable If you are configuring RIPSO support set this parameter to Enable to access the rest of the RIPSO parameters 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 1 4 1 76 A 16 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Site Manager Parameters Unnumbered Associated Alternate Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Interfaces Disable Enable Disable Automatically assigns an alternate associated address to an unnumbered interface in the event that the primary associated address goes down IP uses the first available interface Use the alternate unnumbered address option to ensure that the unnumbered interface has a usable associated address on the router
334. tion broadcast Default Choose broadcast if this network is a broadcast LAN such as Ethernet nbma Choose nbma nonbroadcast multi access if the network is a nonbroadcast network such as X 25 pointopoint Choose point to point for a synchronous point to point interface ietf Choose ietf if the network is a point to multipoint network It is recommended that you use this network type rather than the Nortel Networks proprietary point to multipoint network pmp Choose pmp point to multipoint to use the Nortel Networks proprietary point to multipoint solution passive Choose passive to configure an interface that OSPF cannot use to form neighbor relationships OSPF cannot accept Hello messages or send advertisements on the passive interface Using Site Manager To change the interface type complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens continued 6 22 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this System responds 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens 4 Choose Interfaces The OSPF Interfaces window opens 5 Click on the OSPF interface that you want The parameter values for that interface to edit appear in the OSPF Interfaces window 6 Set the T
335. tion X via BGP Boundary router B advertises the route to the internal router as an OSPF ASE route The type 2 metric in the advertisement contains the route weight value calculated for a BGP route To determine the preferred route the internal router compares the type 2 metrics the EGP route weight and the BGP route weight The internal router chooses the BGP route the route with the lower weight 6 8 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services OSPF AS Row recat Internal router Figure 6 1 router A EGP route to destination X OSPF ASE Routes Boundary pem Boundary router B BGP route to destination X IP0019A By default an OSPF boundary router generates a type 2 metric for BGP EGP and RIP routes For routes from all other sources the boundary router generates a type 1 metric Note The route weight value will appear to be greater than the route s original metric For this reason all routers advertising a particular network must use the same metric type type 1 or type 2 If not the router that receives the advertisements may choose the wrong route 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 9 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Using the BCC or Site Manager you can configure a boundary router to use the route weight as the OSPF metric Using the BCC To enable or di
336. tion parameter is Announce The values you enter in the advertise list determine the action taken If you supply a list of network IDs these IDs are advertised instead of the actual IDs in the route If you use the default an empty list the actual IDs are advertised Note that by default BGP 4 aggregates subnets into their natural network IDs If you supply a list that includes the encoding 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 the actual network IDs are advertised along with the other IDs in the advertise list This allows advertisement of an aggregate or default along with the actual network If the actual network is a subnet and the advertising protocol supports subnet advertisements the subnet is advertised RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 10 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 10 308627 14 00 Rev 00 B 11 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID From RIP Gateway Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Announce Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies An empty list A list of IP addresses Specifies the addresses of one or more routers that could send RIP updates to this router This policy applies
337. tions Function Instructions MIB Object ID Holddown Timer Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt RIP Interfaces 90 seconds 3 hours for dial optimized routing 15 seconds to 259 200 seconds 72 hours 3 hours to 3 628 800 seconds 6 weeks for dial optimized routing Specifies the time period that unusable routes will be advertised through this interface after the route has become invalid This parameter affects how long a route remains in the routing table after the route has become unusable Note that if a route to a destination becomes unusable the holddown value does not affect the router s ability to learn new routes to the same destination Nortel Networks recommends a timeout value of the broadcast time multiplied by 3 Enter a time in 5 second increments 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 14 RIP Mode Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt RIP Interfaces RIP I RIP I RIP II RIPII with aggregation Specifies which mode of RIP to run If you specify RIP I RIP generates RIP Version packets only The destination IP address is the directed broadcast address and the destination MAC address is the broadcast address Select RIP I if any of the listening devices are RIP Version 1 only devices If you select RIP II RIP generates RIP Version 2 updates with the destination MAC address set to the multicast address of 224 0 0 9 specified in the RIP Version 2 RFC The destination MAC address on Ethernet a
338. to RIP advertisements from routers on this list and applies only to RIP sourced routes when RIP is included as a route source Specify one or more IP addresses Use the default empty list to indicate that this policy applies to RIP updates from any router RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 11 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 11 Received on RIP Interface Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Announce Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt OSPF gt Announce Policies An empty list A list of IP addresses Specifies the addresses of one or more interfaces on this router This policy applies to RIP advertisements received on the interfaces in this list and applies only to RIP sourced routes when RIP is included as a route source Specify one or more IP addresses Use the default empty list to indicate that this policy applies to RIP updates received on any interface RIP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 2 1 12 OSPF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 3 2 6 4 1 12 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Parameter Path Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID MIB Object ID Routing Policy Parameters From OSPF Router ID Configuration Manager gt Protocols gt IP gt Policy Filters gt RIP gt Announce Policies Configuration Manager gt Protocol
339. to specify different values consult the Nortel Networks Technical Solutions Center Caution Nortel Networks recommends that you use the default values for the To specify the number of indexes in the IP routing table and to specify a deviation of nodes value navigate to the IP global prompt for example box ip and enter the following commands routing table indexes lt number gt routing table deviation lt deviation gt number is the number of indexes in the IP routing table deviation is the number of entries by which an index is allowed to deviate from perfect balance For example the following command sequence configures an IP routing table with 1000 indexes and a deviation value of 10 ip routing table indexes 1000 ip routing table deviation 10 3 18 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring and Customizing IP Specifying the Percentage of Buffers Available to ARP By default ARP can use 100 percent of the available buffers for saving buffers when resolving ARP requests You can reset this percentage Using the BCC To change the percentage of buffers available to ARP navigate to the IP global prompt for example box ip and enter arp buf limit lt percentage gt percentage is the percentage of available buffers that you want to use for resolving ARP requests For example the following command allocates 20 percent of the buffers for resolving ARP requests ip arp buf limit 20 Using Sit
340. to the Configuration Manager window Specifying Modification Values for an OSPF Announce Policy You can use the BCC or Site Manager to supply values that OSPF uses to modify a field in an OSPF update that matches the policy Using the BCC To supply a modification value to an update that matches an announce policy navigate to the policy prompt for example stack ip ospf announce pol_1 and enter modify A modification prompt appears for the announce policy To specify a modification value enter lt parameter gt lt value gt parameter value is one of the parameter value pairs listed in Table 6 13 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 65 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Table 6 13 BCC Modification Parameters for OSPF Announce Policies Parameter Values Function ase tag O default or a Specifies a value for the OSPF external route tag value tag field If the outgoing route matches this policy OSPF places this value in the field ase type default Specifies an OSPF ASE metric type to use in type advertisements for routes that match this policy type2 auto tag disabled default Enables and disables BGP OSPF automatic enabled tag generation Disable auto tag generation if you want OSPF to use the value that you specify with the ase tag parameter metric 0 default or an Specifies an optional OSPF metric to use when export metric advertising a route that matches this policy nssa p
341. tocol forwards to the routing table manager If confronted with multiple routes to the same destination the routing table manager may need to use this value to decide which route to insert Routes for all networks 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 should have the lowest preference and routes for the most specific networks longest address and mask should have the highest preference precedence 0 default to any integer Assigns a metric value to this policy a policy with a higher value takes precedence over a policy with a lower value This value determines the order of precedence for policies that match the same route For example the following command sets the state to disabled for OSPF accept policy pol_1 accept pol_1l ospf state disabled accept pol_1 ospf 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 59 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Using Site Manager To create an accept policy complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose Policy Filters The Policy Filters menu opens 4 Choose OSPF The OSPF Policies menu opens 5 Choose Accept Policies The OSPF Accept Policy Filters window opens 6 Click on Add The OSPF Accept IP Policy Filter Configuration window opens 7 Set the following parameters
342. ty for multiaccess networks 6 23 slot for soloist 6 5 specifying a preferred path 6 31 starting 2 8 summary route 6 44 virtual link 6 54 OSPF areas backbone 1 17 creating 6 40 definition 1 16 enabling and disabling 6 42 normal non stub 1 17 not so stubby area NSSA 1 17 6 48 stub 1 17 OSPF NSSA See not so stubby areas OSPF route filters C 11 OSPF Slot parameter 6 6 A 39 ospf max paths command 3 17 P Password parameter OSPF interface 6 44 A 47 OSPF virtual interface 6 56 A 64 PDN X 25 address resolution 4 5 Poisoned Reverse parameter 5 10 A 66 poisoned reverse RIP updates 5 9 policies definition 1 22 OSPF 6 57 RIP 5 24 setting maximum number 3 13 policy parameters Action accept B 3 Action announce B 9 Advertise announce B 11 Apply Subnet Mask accept B 6 C 5 Index 5 policy parameters continued Enable accept B 2 Enable announce B 7 External Route Source announce B 17 From BGP Peer announce B 16 From BGP Peer AS announce B 16 From EGP Peer announce B 14 From Gateway accept B 5 From OSPF Router ID announce B 13 From RIP Gateway announce B 12 Name accept B 2 Name announce B 8 Networks accept B 3 Networks announce B 8 OSFP Tag B 19 OSPF Metric announce B 20 OSPF Type announce B 19 Outbound Interface announce B 18 Precedence announce B 9 Received BGP Next Hop announce B 17 Received EGP Gateway announ
343. ual channel identifier for example 0 32 nsap No default Specifies the physical address of the adjacent host dici No default Specifies the physical address of the adjacent host wan address No default Specifies the physical address of the adjacent host encapsulation ethernet default snap null Specifies the adjacent host s encapsulation method Select ethernet or snap Service Network Access Point if you are defining a point to point network interface or if the adjacent host resides on an Ethernet For an adjacent host on an ATM logical IP subnet select snap or null type default default Specifies the type of adjacent host e164 x121 sub address No default Specifies the subaddress used to establish an SVC to the adjacent host type of number international default unknown Specifies the type of number used to establish an SVC to the adjacent host 308627 14 00 Rev 00 3 47 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Using Site Manager To associate the IP address of an adjacent host with its physical address complete the following tasks You do this Site Manager Procedure System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens Choose Adjacent Hosts The IP Adjacent Hosts window opens Click on Add The IP Configuration window opens oy oO O
344. ulticasting which allows an IP datagram to be transmitted to a single multicast group consisting of hosts spread across separate physical networks and Class E for experimental networks The IP router does not fully support Class D or Class E networks Based on the size of the network NIC classifies a network as Class A B or C the most common The network class determines the number of bits assigned to the network and host portions of the IP address Table 1 1 Table 1 1 Network Classes and IP Addresses Network Size Class Network Portion Host Portion More than 65 534 hosts A 8 bits 24 bits 254 to 65 533 hosts B 16 bits 16 bits Fewer than 254 hosts C 24 bits 8 bits The position of the first bit set to O whether it is the first second third or fourth bit in the first octet of an IP address indicates the network class A B C or D If no bit is set to 0 it is a Class E network Figure 1 1 shows the placement of the first bit set to 0 for Class A B and C networks The figure also shows how a network s class affects the network and host portions of the IP address 1 2 308627 14 00 Rev 00 IP Concepts Terminology and Features Network portion 8 16 24 31 oessa BETT aT o 8 16 24 31 cess H T l d 8 16 24 31 oii First Octet Range Example Network Host Class B Ffof 128 191 140 250 0 1 140 250 1 Class C Him 192 223 192 2 3 1 192 2 3 1 Host portion IPOOOSA Figure 1 1 Network a
345. unlike a stub area an NSSA can import external routes into an OSPF routing domain You can also configure type 7 address ranges to allow NSSA border routers to control the summarization of external routes for the NSSA 308627 14 00 Rev 00 1 17 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services OSPF Router Types OSPF defines the following router types Internal router A router with interfaces to networks in one area only Internal routers flood each area with complete routing information about changes that occur within the area In Figure 1 6 R4 R5 and R6 in area 0 0 0 1 are internal routers Border router A router with an interface to the backbone network and interfaces to one or more additional areas Each border router connects one or more areas to the backbone In Figure 1 6 R3 R8 R11 and R16 are border routers Using the backbone border routers ensure that AS external ASE routes and summaries of routing information for all areas are distributed throughout the AS Boundary router A router configured to learn AS external routes and to inject this information into an OSPF AS In Figure 1 6 R1 R2 R7 R15 and R19 are boundary routers AS External Routes OSPF considers the following routes to be AS external ASE routes A route to a destination outside the AS A static route A default route A route derived by RIP A directly connected network not running OSPF In Figure 1 6 for example routers R1 and R2 a
346. ur You can use the BCC or Site Manager to specify an update interval for the interface If you change the value of the update interval from the default value you should also change the timeout period to a value equal to three times the update interval see Specifying a Timeout Period on page 5 20 and Specifying a Holddown Period on page 5 21 5 18 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Using the BCC Customizing RIP Services To specify the frequency at which RIP generates a full update navigate to a RIP interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 rip and enter broadcast timer lt seconds gt seconds is the broadcast interval in seconds The default interval is 30 seconds For example the following command causes RIP to broadcast a full update every 15 seconds on IP interface 2 2 2 2 rip 2 2 2 2 broadcast timer 15 rip 2 2 2 2 Using Site Manager To specify the frequency at which RIP generates a full update complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window choose Protocols The Protocols menu opens Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose RIP Interfaces Click on the RIP interface that you want to edit The IP RIP Interface Configuration window opens The parameter values for that interface appear in the IP RIP Interface Configuration window Set the Broadcast Tim
347. using default values for all parameters For example the following command creates a RIP announce policy named pol_1 rip announce pol_1 announce pol_1 rip 308627 14 00 Rev 00 5 31 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services To customize the default values for the policy enter lt parameter gt lt value gt parameter value is one of the parameter value pairs listed in Table 5 4 Table 5 4 BCC Definition Parameters for RIP Announce Policies Parameter Values Function state enabled default Enables or disables this policy disabled action ignore default Specifies whether or not to advertise a route announce that matches this policy precedence 0 default to any Specifies a metric value to compare this policy metric value with other policies that a route may match A policy with a higher metric takes precedence over a policy with a lower metric In case of a tie the protocol uses an internal index value assigned to the policy by IP software For example the following command specifies a precedence value of 12 for RIP announce policy pol_1 announce pol_1 rip precedence 12 announce pol_1 rip Using Site Manager To create an announce policy complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choos
348. uthentication all OSPF interfaces configured in that area must be configured with the same password Different networks can have different passwords In such an area a router that receives a packet verifies the password before it processes the packet Unauthorized routers are not allowed to communicate with the OSPF system By default authentication is disabled in an area You can use the BCC or Site Manager to enable authentication and specify a password Using the BCC To enable authentication navigate to an OSPF area prompt for example box ip ospf area 0 0 0 2 and enter authentication type simplepassword After you enable authentication on the area you can specify a password Navigate to the OSPF interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 ospf and enter authentication lt string gt string is any ASCII string up to eight characters long Using Site Manager To enable authentication on an OSPF area and to set a password complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure You do this System responds 1 In the Configuration Manager window The Protocols menu opens choose Protocols 2 Choose IP The IP menu opens 3 Choose OSPF MOSPF The OSPF MOSPF menu opens continued 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 43 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services Site Manager Procedure continued You do this 4 Choose Areas System responds The O
349. ving bandwidth 308627 14 00 Rev 00 IP Concepts Terminology and Features Routers connected by a point to point network or a virtual link always form an adjacency Also every router on a multiaccess network forms an adjacency relationship with the designated router and the backup designated router Designated Routers To further reduce the amount of routing traffic the Hello protocol elects a designated router and a backup designated router on each multiaccess network Instead of neighboring routers forming adjacencies and swapping link state information with each other which on a large network can mean a lot of routing protocol traffic all routers on the network form adjacencies with the designated router and the backup designated router only and send link state information to them The designated router then distributes the information from each router to every other router The Hello protocol always elects a backup designated router along with the designated router This router takes over all of the designated router s functions should the designated router fail 308627 14 00 Rev 00 1 15 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services OSPF Areas OSPF routers reduce and restrict the amount of internal and external routing information that is flooded through the AS by dividing the AS into areas Figure 1 6 shows an OSPF autonomous system divided into four areas and a required central area called a backbone that
350. wing topics Topic Page Enabling and Disabling OSPF on an Interface 6 19 Configuring an Area ID 6 20 Specifying the Interface Type 6 21 Specifying Router Priority for a Multiaccess Network 6 23 Estimating the Transit Delay 6 24 Setting the Retransmit Interval 6 25 Setting the Hello Interval 6 27 Setting the Dead Interval 6 29 Setting the Poll Interval for NBMA Neighbors 6 30 Specifying the Metric Cost 6 31 Specifying the MTU Size 6 34 Specifying the MTU Mismatch Detect 6 35 Configuring a Neighbor on an NBMA Interface 6 36 Deleting OSPF from an IP Interface 6 38 6 18 308627 14 00 Rev 00 Customizing OSPF Services Enabling and Disabling OSPF on an Interface When you add OSPF to an IP interface OSPF is automatically enabled on that interface The interface will be advertised as an internal route In addition the interface can be used to form a neighbor relationship You can use the BCC or Site Manager to disable and reenable OSPF on an interface Using the BCC To disable or reenable OSPF on an IP interface navigate to an OSPF interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 ospf and enter state lt state gt state is one of the following enabled default disabled Using Site Manager To disable or reenable OSPF on an IP interface complete the following tasks Site Manager Procedure
351. ype parameter Click on Help or see the parameter description on page A 43 7 Click on Apply and then click on Done You return to the Configuration Manager window Specifying Router Priority for a Multiaccess Network The router priority value is used in multiaccess networks broadcast NBMA or point to multipoint to elect the designated router A router with a priority of 0 is not eligible to become the designated router on this particular network In the case of equal router priority values the router ID determines which router becomes the designated router However if there already is a designated router on the network when you start this router it will remain the designated router no matter what your priority or router ID By default each OSPF interface has a router priority of 1 You can use the BCC or Site Manager to do the following e Specify a priority value for the interface e Make the router ineligible to be the designated router on this interface Using the BCC To specify a router priority value navigate to an OSPF interface prompt for example box eth 2 2 ip 2 2 2 2 255 255 0 0 ospf and enter priority lt priority gt priority can be O the router is ineligible to become the designated router or an integer indicating the priority level 308627 14 00 Rev 00 6 23 Configuring IP ARP RARP RIP and OSPF Services For example the following command assigns a priority of 2 to interfa

Avaya Configuring IP, ARP, RIP, and OSPF Services User's Manual

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