Wiley Exposure Photo Workshop, 2nd Edition
Contents
1. 327 T technically correct exposures good exposures preferred to 11 mood of photograph 25 26 myth of correct exposures 17 overview 13 14 telephoto lens depth of field 110 111 fog mist conditions 265 thought process for taking a photograph 4 through the lens meters See TTL through the lens meters time exposures and night photography 254 256 time of day afterglow 198 contrast managing 221 dawn 198 golden hours 200 201 midday lighting 199 200 overview 197 shooting the same scene at different 177 178 twilight 198 199 tonal range dynamic range 218 experience with 9 exposure element 5 overexposure 6 7 spot metering 77 underexposure 6 7 top lighting 189 190 199 200 traffic streaks as subject for night photography 246 travel photography lens aperture 106 top lighting 189 tripods ballheads 121 city skylines at night 120 comparative photo sets 120 defined 315 image stabilization with 119 120 overview 119 122 pan tilt heads 121 141 purchasing 121 quick release mount 121 using 119 122 TIL flash 282 283 TTL through the lens meters center weighted meters 69 71 defined 315 matrix meters 66 69 overview 64 66 spot metering 72 74 switching between 66 TTL flash 282 283 types of 66 328 tungsten white balance setting 180 Turner Pete photographer 177 twilight city skylines 251 shooting in 198 199 silhouettes 229 U underexposure defined 315 described2. Kelvin scale defined 313 described 178 L Landscape exposure mode defined 313 overview 164 166 landscape photography Aperture Priority mode 154 autumn scenes 269 271 backlighting 190 191 lens aperture 105 106 sidelighting 190 stormy skies 267 Landscape style mode 16 large apertures used for extracting subjects 109 110 LCD display depth of field used to view 109 reviewing exposures on 12 lens aperture automatic lens diaphragms 100 constant maximum apertures 99 defined 310 depth of field aperture used to manipulate 104 110 exposure controls 50 52 f stop numbering system 96 98 f stops 50 52 landscape photography 105 106 lens speed 98 99 overview 50 portrait photography 106 shutter speed relationship 56 57 126 128 variable maximum apertures 99 lens focal length changing 111 depth of field 110 111 lens speed aperture size factors 98 99 fast lenses 98 price of lens in relation to 99 INDEX prime lenses 98 99 single focal length lenses 98 99 slow lenses 98 zoom lenses 98 99 Lensbaby Composer 161 lenses defined 313 interchangeability 41 longest lens used to shoot sunsets 277 macro 314 prime 98 slow 98 wide angle 110 111 light meter center weighted meters 69 71 defined 313 evaluative meters 66 69 gray value 78 85 handheld meters 74 78 how it works 62 65 incident light meters 76 matrix meters 66 69 multi segment meters 66 69 overview
3. polarizing filter defined 314 for fall foliage 270 rainbows 268 portable reflectors 220 Portrait mode defined 315 described 168 portrait photography backlighting 190 191 bracket mounted flash for location 288 flash taking a nighttime portrait with 306 flash used in 191 lens aperture 106 continued 325 portrait photography continued low key subjects 214 Red eye Reduction mode 303 reflectors used in 191 wireless flash technology 305 Portrait Style mode 16 17 power of accessory flash 288 289 290 preset white balance 183 price of lens in relation to lens speed 99 prime lenses 98 99 problem situations for light meters 80 82 Programmed mode 152 Q quality of light diffuse light 194 195 hard light 194 heavy overcast light 196 normal light 193 194 overview 193 quick release mounts for tripods 121 quick release plate 315 R rainbows 268 269 rainy days 266 267 range for shutter speed 128 129 RAW file format advantages of 232 233 for autumn scenes 269 defined 315 disadvantages of 231 233 dSLR camera support 41 43 JPEG file format compared 231 232 JPEG RAW file format 313 overview 231 233 for snow scenes 273 style modes 16 17 white balance 179 232 233 rear curtain sync defined 315 described 299 red eye built in flash due to 286 defined 315 red brick buildings as middle tone subject 83 red eye reduction 315 Red eye Reduction mode 303 304 reflective ligh
4. for photographing 31 attaching accessory flash methods for 288 Z UO m x lt Auto exposure mode defined 310 overview 150 151 284 Auto ISO mode 46 Auto HDRI mode 227 auto indexing AI lenses 100 automatic lens diaphragms 100 Automatic mode 150 152 automatic scene modes 14 automatic white balance 180 autumn scenes 269 271 average gray weathered buildings as middle tone subject 83 B B Bulb setting 129 background bokeh 113 115 dark subjects light backgrounds metering 210 211 light subjects dark backgrounds metering 208 210 backlighting defined 310 overview 190 192 white subjects with detail 212 ballhead defined 310 overview 121 battery power needed for flash 284 black light long wave ultraviolet lamps 162 boats in fog mist conditions 264 265 bokeh defined 310 overview 113 115 bounce flash defined 310 overview 289 293 294 bounce reflectors 294 bounce back 286 bracketed exposure defined 310 overview 89 90 for sunsets 277 278 bridge cameras electronic type viewfinder EVF 38 exposure controls 36 37 39 buffer 310 built in flash advantages of 283 284 Automatic exposure mode shooting in 284 bounce back 286 disadvantages of 285 287 guide numbers 291 overview 144 red eye due to 286 Bulb B setting 129 Burst mode 310 C cable release 310 calibration hardware 30 monitor 28 29 software 30 camera obscura defined 310 described 52 camera RAW a
5. light 83 green grass in sunlight 83 identifying 91 light metering 82 85 overview 77 red brick buildings 83 MILC mirrorless interchangeable lens camera defined 314 dSLR compared 39 exposure controls 36 39 mist 262 265 monitor calibration hardware 30 overview 28 29 software 30 mood exposure element 23 27 technically correct exposures and 25 26 moon as subject for night photography 259 motion shots shutter speed for 140 144 moving subjects shutter speed for 129 131 multiple fireworks bursts capturing 257 258 multiple flash units wireless 304 305 multi segment meters 66 69 Muybridge Eadweard photographer 134 324 N natural light afterglow 177 contrast time of day for shooting used to manage 221 dappled daylight 217 lighting direction 185 192 metering white subjects with detail in 211 213 overview 176 177 quality of light 193 197 shooting at different times of day 177 178 time of day 177 178 197 201 white balance settings 178 185 nature photography color contrasts 218 silhouettes 227 229 The Negative Adams 18 neon signs as subject for night photography 246 248 neutral balance automatic 180 cloudy day setting 180 creative element 183 185 custom 183 daylight setting 180 defined 315 electronic flash setting 181 fluorescent setting 181 182 manipulating 183 185 night photography 241 overview 179 preset 183 RAW file format 232 233 reasons for manually setti
6. mode 297 301 guide numbers 291 293 history of 282 invention of 282 modes 295 304 multiple flash units wireless 304 305 in night photography 242 Night scene modes 299 overview 282 Red eye Reduction mode 303 304 sync speeds 298 TTL through the lens 282 283 wireless flash technology 304 305 electronic flash setting 181 electronic type viewfinder EVF 38 EV exposure value 312 evaluative meters 66 69 EVIL electronic viewfinder interchangeable lens cameras See MILC exaggerating motion and shutter speed 140 144 EXIF data recorded on digital cameras 22 320 experience with tonal range 9 value of 15 with visualization 19 ExpoDisc 183 exposure creating a good 6 7 creative element 4 defined 5 312 importance of 4 5 overexposure 6 overview 4 5 subjectivity in choosing 17 18 technically correct 13 14 underexposure 6 exposure bracketing defined 312 overview 89 90 exposure compensation 87 88 exposure controls advanced zoom cameras 36 37 39 Aperture Priority mode 35 154 155 Automatic mode 150 152 dSLR cameras 36 40 44 ISO speed 45 49 lens aperture 50 52 Manual exposure mode 159 164 mirrorless interchangeable lens MILC cameras 36 39 overview 34 35 point and shoot cameras 35 point and shoot compact cameras 35 37 Programmed mode 152 Shutter Priority mode 35 156 159 shutter speed 52 57 subcompact cameras 36 37 exposure lock 89 exposure value EV 312 exposur
7. 40 INDEX handheld shots 128 long exposures steady camera 141 142 Manual exposure mode 143 motion shots 140 144 for moving subjects 129 131 overview 52 54 56 panning effects 140 142 143 peak of motion as factor in 137 139 range for 128 129 settings for 128 129 Shutter Priority Exposure mode 143 slower shutter speeds 56 for still subjects 129 131 stop action shots 132 140 subject speed as factor in 134 135 zoom effects 143 144 shutters 52 53 sidelighting defined 315 described 190 white subjects with detail 212 silhouettes 227 229 234 single exposure for fireworks displays 258 single focal length lenses constant maximum aperture 99 lens speed 98 99 slave 315 slow lenses 98 slower shutter speeds 56 small apertures used for expansive detail 106 snow scenes 272 273 soft light 315 software calibration 30 sparklers as subject for night photography 254 256 speed lens aperture size factors 98 99 fast lenses 98 price of lens in relation to 99 prime lenses 98 99 single focal length lenses 98 99 slow lenses 98 zoom lenses 98 99 sports photography Fill in flash mode 298 Shutter Priority mode 158 wireless flash technology 304 305 Sports Action mode 166 167 172 spot meter defined 315 overview 76 78 spot metering TTL through the lens meters 72 74 wildlife photography 74 spotlit buildings as subject for night photography 254 star effect filters used during night phot
8. 6 reasons for 6 7 V Vanishing Point Plowden 177 variable maximum apertures 99 visualization experience and 19 human vision versus camera vision 19 23 notes on your photographs visualization skills improved by taking 21 overview 17 18 tips for 21 23 Vivid style mode 16 Ww warm color balance 298 299 Watkins Carleton E photographer 132 weather fog and mist 262 265 overview 262 rainbows 268 269 rainy days 266 267 stormy skies 267 268 wedding photography bracket mounted flash for 288 white subjects with detail 213 white balance automatic 180 cloudy day setting 180 creative element 183 185 custom 183 daylight setting 180 defined 315 electronic flash setting 181 fluorescent setting 181 182 manipulating 183 185 night photography 241 overview 179 preset 183 RAW file format 232 233 reasons for manually setting 182 INDEX selective settings 180 shade or open shade setting 180 tungsten setting 180 white card 315 white subjects with detail metering 211 213 wide angle lens 110 111 wildlife photography Fill in flash mode 298 Shutter Priority mode 158 spot metering 74 wireless flash technology 304 305 wireless flash technology 304 305 Z Zau Gavin photographer 136 137 252 253 Zone System defined 315 overview 85 87 zoom effects 143 144 zoom heads 290 zoom lens defined 315 lens speed 98 99 variable maximum aperture 99 329
9. 62 problem situations for 80 82 reflected light meters 75 76 shortcuts to middle tones 82 85 spot meters 76 78 TTL through the lens 64 74 light metering bracketing 89 90 color contrasts 217 218 dappled daylight 217 dark subjects 213 214 dark subjects light backgrounds 210 211 difficult situations for 207 218 on digital camera 11 exposure compensation 87 88 exposure element 9 exposure lock 89 high key scenes 214 216 light subjects dark backgrounds 208 210 low key subjects 213 214 manual exposure 89 night photography 242 243 spot metering 72 74 sunsets away from the sun 276 white subjects with detail 211 213 Zone System 85 87 light quality defined 313 diffuse light 194 195 hard light 194 heavy overcast light 196 normal light 193 194 overview 193 light subjects dark backgrounds metering 208 210 lighting See also natural light black light long wave ultraviolet lamps 162 off camera flash 162 studio 162 lighting direction backlighting 190 192 front lighting 187 189 202 overview 185 187 sidelighting 190 top lighting 189 190 199 200 long exposures versus higher ISO speeds in night photography 240 long exposures steady camera and shutter speed 141 142 long wave ultraviolet lamps 162 longest lens used to shoot sunsets 277 low key defined 313 metering low key subjects 213 214 LumiQuest 294 M macro lens 314 macro photography 117 11
10. 9 manual importance of reading your camera s 34 manual exposure 89 Manual exposure mode city street scenes 251 dSLR cameras 40 41 overview 159 164 shutter speed 143 for sparklers 255 for traffic streaks 246 Manual ISO mode 46 manually setting ISO speed 45 manually setting white balance 182 Mason Don Color Management for Digital Photographers For Dummies 30 master photographers studying work of 14 16 matrix meter center weighted meters compared 70 fog mist conditions 265 overview 66 69 TTL through the lens meters 66 69 McNally Joe photographer 305 medium gray 78 Meola Eric photographer 177 metadata defined 314 recording 22 323 metering bracketing 89 90 color contrasts 217 218 dappled daylight 217 dark subjects 213 214 dark subjects light backgrounds 210 211 difficult situations for 207 218 on digital camera 11 exposure compensation 87 88 exposure element 9 exposure lock 89 high key scenes 214 216 light subjects dark backgrounds 208 210 low key subjects 213 214 manual exposure 89 night photography 242 243 spot metering 72 74 sunsets away from the sun 276 white subjects with detail 211 213 Zone System 85 87 metering modes 314 Meyerowitz Joel Cape Light 177 midday lighting 199 200 middle range apertures used for safe subjects 106 107 middle tones average gray weathered buildings 83 clear blue sky 83 dark skin 83 defined 314 gray stone in average
11. NUMERICS 18 gray 78 18 gray cards 81 A accessory flash advantages of 288 290 attaching methods for 288 bounce flash 289 defined 310 disadvantages of 290 291 Fill in flash mode 296 298 flash bracket as method for attaching 288 flexibility of 290 guide numbers 289 290 291 hot shoe as method for attaching 288 overview 288 power of 288 289 290 sync cord as method for attaching 288 zoom heads 290 action photography ghosting 298 shutter speeds 54 55 Adams Ansel The Negative 18 photographer 15 17 18 177 Zone System 85 advanced zoom cameras electronic type viewfinder EVF 38 exposure controls 36 37 39 afterglow 177 198 Al auto indexing lenses 100 Always on mode 301 ambient light 310 angle of view contrast used to minimize 222 223 defined 310 animal photography and Red eye Reduction mode 303 304 aperture automatic lens diaphragms 100 constant maximum apertures 99 defined 310 depth of field aperture used to manipulate 104 110 exposure controls 50 52 f stop numbering system 96 98 f stops 50 52 landscape photography 105 106 lens speed 98 99 overview 50 portrait photography 106 shutter speed relationship 56 57 126 128 variable maximum apertures 99 Aperture Priority mode defined 310 depth of field 105 106 exposure controls 35 overview 154 155 aperture ring 96 apps for calculating depth of field 109 Archer Fred Zone System 85 architecture assignment
12. d 311 night photography 241 overview 178 colorcast 311 ColorSync utility 30 commercial labs exposure element and 28 finding 28 compact digital cameras and depth of field 115 117 compact point and shoot cameras 35 37 comparative photo sets 120 compression 311 constant maximum apertures 99 continuous lighting 311 contrast angle used to minimize 222 223 color contrast strong 218 219 as creative element 223 224 dynamic range 218 exposure problems corrections 9 10 fill in flash used to manage 220 221 HDRI High Dynamic Range Imaging 226 227 histograms 230 231 overview 218 219 reflectors used to manage 220 shadows as design element using 223 shadows used to create modeling effects and establish form 225 226 INDEX silhouettes 227 229 234 time of day for shooting used to manage 221 using 223 226 contrast range 311 cool color balance 298 299 correct exposure technically good exposures preferred to 11 mood of photograph 25 26 myth of 17 overview 13 14 Correll Robert HDR Photography Photo Workshop 227 creative element contrast 223 224 exposure 4 shutter speed 132 white balance 183 185 Creative Shutter Speed Master Your Camera s Most Powerful Control Doeffinger 129 crop factor 311 Curves feature Photoshop 217 custom white balance 183 D dappled daylight metering 217 dark skin as middle tone subject 83 dark subjects with light backgrounds metering 210 211 mete
13. dvantages of 232 233 for autumn scenes 269 defined 315 disadvantages of 231 233 dSLR camera support 41 43 JPEG file format compared 231 232 JPEG RAW file format 313 overview 231 233 for snow scenes 273 style modes 16 17 white balance 179 232 233 camera shake 128 camera vision versus human vision 19 23 Canon Picture Styles 16 Speedlite 305 Cape Light Meyerowitz 177 card reader 311 carnival lights as subject for night photography 248 249 Carr Pete HDR Photography Photo Workshop 227 catchlight 311 CCD chip 311 cell phone cameras 44 Center for Creative Photography 15 center weighted metering defined 311 matrix metering compared 70 spotlit buildings 254 TTL through the lens meters 69 71 318 city skylines as subject for night photography 250 251 tripods used for shooting 120 city street scenes as subject for night photography 251 252 clear blue sky as middle tone subject 83 clipping warnings 209 Close up mode 168 171 299 303 close up photography backlighting 190 191 depth of field 117 119 sidelighting 190 cloud formations 267 cloudy day white balance setting 180 cloudy days diffuse light 194 195 heavy overcast light 196 CMOS chip 311 CMYK 311 color balance 298 299 color contrast metering 217 218 strong 218 219 color management 30 Color Management for Digital Photographers For Dummies Padova amp Mason 30 color temperature cool warm color balance 298 299 define
14. e lock button 70 71 extension tube 312 external flash advantages of 288 290 attaching methods for 288 bounce flash 289 defined 310 disadvantages of 290 291 Fill in flash mode 296 298 flash bracket as method for attaching 288 flexibility of 290 guide numbers 289 290 291 hot shoe as method for attaching 288 overview 288 power of 288 289 290 sync cord as method for attaching 288 zoom heads 290 INDEX extraction apertures 109 Eyedropper tool Photoshop 210 F face detection technology 297 fall foliage 269 271 fast glass 98 fast lens night photography fast lens versus higher ISO speeds in 240 overview 98 faster shutter speeds 54 55 56 Ferris wheel as subject for night photography 248 249 fill in flash contrast managing 220 221 defined 312 overview 296 298 film cameras and ISO speed 45 filters fog 264 graduated neutral density 312 neutral density 141 155 314 polarizing 268 270 314 star effect 244 fireworks displays multiple bursts capturing 257 258 night photography as subject for 257 258 single exposure for 258 flash accessory 288 291 Always on mode 301 battery power needed for 284 bounce 293 294 bounce reflectors 294 built in 283 287 Close up mode 299 303 color balance 298 299 dedicated 291 Fill in flash mode 296 298 flash off 304 Flash on mode 297 Forced mode 297 301 guide numbers 291 293 history of 282 invention of the electronic flash 282 mode
15. es 11 metadata recorded on 22 scene modes 14 style modes 16 17 tips on using 11 15 digital negative DNG format 312 digital noise defined 314 ISO speed 46 47 49 long exposure times 146 digital single lens reflex cameras See SLR digital zoom 311 dimly lit interiors and shutter speed 144 146 direction of light backlighting 190 192 front lighting 187 189 202 overview 185 187 sidelighting 190 top lighting 189 190 199 200 direction of motion as factor in shutter speed 135 137 distance from subject as factor in shutter speed 139 140 DNG digital negative format 312 Doeffinger Derek Creative Shutter Speed Master Your Camera s Most Powerful Control 129 photographer 45 68 120 137 142 319 driver 312 dSLR advantages of 40 43 defined 312 depth of field preview button 109 exposure controls 36 40 44 lens interchangeability 41 Manual Exposure mode 40 41 Manual mode 89 mirrorless interchangeable lens MILC cameras compared 39 RAW format support 41 43 when to purchase 44 dynamic range 311 E Edgerton Harold E inventor of the electronic flash 282 18 gray 78 18 gray cards 81 electronic cable release 245 electronic flash accessory 288 291 Always on mode 301 battery power needed for 284 bounce 293 294 bounce reflectors 294 built in 283 287 Close up mode 299 303 color balance 298 299 dedicated 291 Fill in flash mode 296 298 flash off 304 Flash on mode 297 Forced
16. for 128 harbors in fog mist conditions 264 hard light 194 hardware calibration 30 HDR Photography Photo Workshop Carr amp Correll 227 heavy overcast light 196 hiding the sun behind something opaque during sunsets 277 278 High Dynamic Range imaging HDRI or HDR 213 226 227 313 high key defined 313 metering high key scenes 214 216 highlight detail described 208 for snow scenes 272 273 histogram advantages of 230 231 contrast 230 231 defined 313 disadvantages of 230 231 interpreting 12 overview 230 231 history of flash 282 HoodLoupe Hoodman 208 hot shoe defined 313 described 288 Hue control Photoshop 229 human vision versus camera vision 19 23 image sensor 313 image stabilization with tripods 119 120 image editing programs 13 importance of exposure 4 5 incident light meters handheld meters 76 light meters 76 indoor photography and Shutter Priority mode 158 159 infrared light 313 invention of the electronic flash 282 ISO speed Auto ISO mode 46 default mode 46 defined 313 digital noise 46 47 49 experimentation with 58 exposure controls 45 49 film cameras 45 Manual ISO mode 46 manually setting 45 overview 45 46 isolating subject by limiting depth of field 121 322 J Jackson William Henry photographer 132 JPEG file format defined 313 RAW file format compared 231 232 and style modes 16 17 white balance 179 JPEG RAW file format 313 K
17. meras recording of 22 visualization skills improved by taking 21 Niichterlein Karl engineer inventor 65 O off camera flash 162 Oglesbee Brian photographer 177 open shade white balance setting 180 optical viewfinder 314 optical zoom 314 overexposure defined 314 described 6 reasons for 6 7 P Padova Ted Color Management for Digital Photographers For Dummies 30 panning defined 314 shutter speed 140 142 143 Panorama mode 171 pan tilt heads 121 141 parallax error 314 peak of motion as factor in shutter speed 137 139 pentaprism 314 photographers Ansel Adams 15 17 18 177 Brian Oglesbee 177 Carleton E Watkins 132 Derek Doeffinger 45 68 120 137 142 Eadweard Muybridge 134 Edward Steichen 15 Eric Meola 177 Fred Picker 22 Galen Rowell 177 Gavin Zau 136 137 252 253 Jennica Reis 15 102 Joe McNally 305 Joseph Nic phore Ni pce 50 Leonard Lee Rue 209 master photographers studying work of 14 16 Pete Turner 177 William Henry Jackson 132 photography studying 14 16 Photomatix 227 Photoshop Adobe Curves feature 217 exposure corrections 13 Eyedropper tool 210 Hue control 229 Saturation control 229 software calibration 30 Picker Fred photographer 22 Picture Controls Nikon 16 Picture Styles Canon 16 pixel 314 Plowden David Vanishing Point 177 point and shoot cameras defined 314 exposure controls 35 point and shoot compact cameras 35 37
18. ng 182 selective settings 180 shade or open shade setting 180 tungsten setting 180 neutral density filter defined 314 described 141 155 Neutral Picture Style mode 16 Ni pce Joseph Nic phore photographer 50 night markets as subject for night photography 252 253 night photography carnival lights as subject for 248 249 city skylines as subject for 250 251 city street scenes as subject for 251 252 color temperature 241 fast lens versus higher ISO speeds 240 Ferris wheel as subject for 248 249 fireworks displays as subject for 257 258 flash use 242 flashlight used during 243 halation 244 247 long exposures versus higher ISO speeds 240 INDEX Manual exposure mode 162 164 metering 242 243 moon as subject for 259 neon signs as subject for 246 248 night markets as subject for 252 253 overview 238 240 sharpness in 244 245 Shutter Priority mode 158 159 shutter release methods for 245 sparklers as subject for 254 256 spotlit buildings as subject for 254 star effect filters used during 244 steadying camera without tripod methods for 240 subjects for 246 258 time exposures 254 256 traffic streaks as subject for 246 white balance 241 Night portrait mode 167 168 Night scene mode described 167 299 for sparklers 255 Nikon Picture Controls 16 Speedlight 305 noise defined 314 ISO speed 46 47 49 long exposure times 146 normal light 193 194 notes on your photographs metadata digital ca
19. ography 244 steadying camera without tripod methods for 240 Steichen Edward photographer 15 still subjects shutter speed for 129 131 stop action shots 132 140 stormy skies 267 268 studio lighting 162 studying photography 14 16 style modes disadvantages of 16 17 experimentation with 17 JPEG format 16 17 landscape 16 Neutral Picture Style 16 overview 16 17 portrait 16 17 RAW format 16 17 seascape 16 vivid 16 subcompact cameras 36 37 subject distance as factor in depth of field 112 113 subject modes avoiding 14 Close up mode 168 171 Landscape mode 164 166 Night portrait mode 167 168 Night scene mode 167 overview 164 Panorama mode 171 Portrait mode 168 Sports Action mode 166 167 172 subject speed as factor in shutter speed 134 135 subjectivity in choosing exposure 17 18 subjects for night photography 246 258 sunrises foreground shooting with an interesting 279 shooting 273 277 sunsets bracketing exposures by a full stop or more 277 278 foreground shooting with an interesting 279 hiding the sun behind something opaque 277 278 longest lens used to shoot 277 metering away from the sun 276 overview 273 274 scouting locations for 275 276 silhouettes 229 super zoom cameras electronic type viewfinder EVF 38 exposure controls 36 37 39 switching between TTL through the lens meters 66 sync cord as method for attaching accessory flash 288 sync speed defined 312 overview 298
20. ring 213 214 dawn 198 daylight afterglow 177 198 contrast managing 221 dappled daylight 217 dawn 198 golden hours 200 201 lighting direction 185 192 metering white subjects with detail in 211 213 midday lighting 199 200 overview 176 177 197 quality of light 193 197 shooting the same scene at different times of day 177 178 time of day 177 178 197 201 twilight 198 199 white balance settings 178 185 dedicated flash 291 default mode ISO speed 46 defocus control 114 depth of field Aperture Priority mode 105 106 154 aperture used to manipulate 104 110 apps for calculating 109 close up photography 117 119 compact digital cameras 115 117 creative power of 100 103 defined 311 factors affecting 104 114 handheld depth of field guide 109 isolating subject by limiting 121 large apertures used for extracting subjects 109 110 LCD display used to view 109 lens focal length as factor in 110 111 macro photography 117 119 middle range apertures used for safe subjects 106 107 Shutter Priority Mode 156 159 small apertures used for expansive detail 106 subject distance as factor in 112 113 tripod use 119 122 depth of field scale defined 311 described 109 depth of field preview button 109 design 311 difficult situations for metering 207 218 diffuse light 194 195 diffuser 311 digital cameras categories of 35 36 EXIF data recorded on 22 histograms 12 LCD panel 12 light metering featur
21. s 295 304 multiple flash units wireless 304 305 in night photography 242 Night scene modes 299 overview 282 Red eye Reduction mode 303 304 sync speeds 298 TTL through the lens 282 283 wireless flash technology 304 305 flash bracket as method for attaching accessory flash 288 flash off 304 flash sync speed defined 312 overview 298 flashlights 243 255 Flash on mode 297 flexibility of accessory flash 290 Flickr 227 fluorescent setting for white balance 181 182 focal length 312 focal plane 312 fog and mist 262 265 fog filters 264 Forced mode 297 301 foreground for sunrises 279 for sunsets 279 freezing motion shutter speed for 132 140 front lighting 187 189 202 front curtain sync defined 312 overview 299 f stop defined 312 overview 50 52 f stop numbering system 96 98 G ghosting 298 golden hour defined 312 overview 200 201 graduated neutral density filter 312 gray card defined 312 described 81 gray stone in average light as middle tone subject 83 gray value overview 78 79 problem situations for light meters 80 82 shortcuts to middle tones 82 85 green grass in sunlight as middle tone subject 83 green mode 150 151 guide numbers 291 293 H halation 244 247 handheld depth of field guide 109 handheld meters incident light meters 76 overview 74 75 reasons for using 74 reflected light meters 75 76 spot meters 76 78 321 handheld shots shutter speed
22. t meter 75 76 315 reflectors contrast managing 220 portable 296 326 Reis Jennica photographer 15 102 remote shutter release 245 resolution 315 Rowell Galen photographer 177 Rue Leonard Lee photographer 209 Rue Groofwin Pod Leonard Rue Enterprises 209 S Sandburg Carl poet 262 263 Saturation control Photoshop 229 scene modes avoiding 14 Close up mode 168 171 Landscape mode 164 166 Night portrait mode 167 168 Night scene mode 167 overview 164 Panorama mode 171 Portrait mode 168 Sports Action mode 166 167 172 scouting locations for sunsets 275 276 Seascape style mode 16 selective focus 315 selective white balance settings 180 settings for shutter speed 128 129 shade or open shade white balance setting 180 shadows as design element 223 used to create modeling effects and establish form 225 226 sharpness in night photography 244 245 shutter 315 Shutter Priority mode defined 315 exposure controls 35 overview 156 159 shutter speed 143 shutter release methods for 245 shutter release button 70 shutter speed action shots 54 55 aperture relationship 56 57 126 128 B Bulb setting 129 choosing 129 131 creative power of 132 defined 315 dimly lit interiors 144 146 direction of motion as factor in 135 137 distance from subject as factor in 139 140 exaggerating motion 140 144 exposure controls 52 57 faster shutter speeds 54 55 56 freezing motion 132 1
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