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Netgear DGB111G

1. Table 6 1 Connection Status Fields for Dynamic IP Field Description IP Address The IP Address assigned to the WAN port by the ADSL Internet Service Provider Subnet Mask The Network Mask assigned to the WAN port by the ADSL Internet Service Provider Default Gateway The default gateway router assigned to the WAN port by the ADSL Internet Service Provider DHCP Server The DHCP server s IP address DNS Server The DNS server s IP address Lease Obtained Date and time the lease was obtained Lease Expires Date and time the lease expires Managing Your Network 6 7 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G An alternate view of the Connection Status screen is shown in Figure 6 6 below Connection Status Connection Time 00 00 00 Connecting to Server Connected Negotiation ON Authentication ON Getting IP Addresses 192 168 10 13 Getting Network Mask 255 265 255 255 Connect Disconnect Close Window Figure 6 6 Connection Status screen for PPPoA Clicking the Renew button updates the status information This screen shows the following statistics Table 6 1 Connection Status Fields for PPPoA Field Description Connection Time The time elapsed since the last connection to the Internet via the ADSL port Connecting to The connection status Sender Negotiation ON or OFF Authenticatio
2. I a Ma M s ma e ae E Power Reset Wireless Figure 2 2 DG834G Rear Panel Introduction 2 7 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Viewed from left to right the rear panel contains the following elements e AC power adapter outlet e Four Local Ethernet RJ 45 LAN ports for connecting the router to the local computers e Factory Default Reset push button e ADSL port for connecting the router to an ADSL line e Wireless antenna 2 8 Introduction 202 10006 05 June 2005 Chapter 3 Connecting the Router to the Internet This chapter describes how to set up the router on your Local Area Network LAN and connect to the Internet It describes how to configure your DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router for Internet access using the Setup Wizard or how to manually configure your Internet connection What You Need Before You Begin You need to prepare the following before you can establish an Internet connection through your router 1 The router connected to an ADSL line and a computer properly connected to the router as explained below 2 Active Internet service such as that provided by an ADSL account 3 The Internet Service Provider ISP configuration information for your DSL account Note If you purchased the DG834G in a country where a microfilter is not included you must acquire one ADSL Microfilter Requireme
3. B 10 Network and Routing Basics 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Denial of Service Attack A hacker may be able to prevent your network from operating or communicating by launching a Denial of Service DoS attack The method used for such an attack can be as simple as merely flooding your site with more requests than it can handle A more sophisticated attack may attempt to exploit some weakness in the operating system used by your router or gateway Some operating systems can be disrupted by simply sending a packet with incorrect length information Ethernet Cabling Although Ethernet networks originally used thick or thin coaxial cable most installations currently use unshielded twisted pair UTP cabling The UTP cable contains eight conductors arranged in four twisted pairs and terminated with an RJ45 type connector A normal straight through UTP Ethernet cable follows the EI A568B standard wiring as described below in Table B 1 Table B 1 UTP Ethernet cable wiring straight through Pin Wire color Signal 1 Orange White Transmit Tx 2 Orange Transmit Tx 3 Green White Receive Rx 4 Blue 5 Blue White 6 Green Receive Rx 7 Brown White 8 Brown Category 5 Cable Quality Category 5 distributed cable that meets ANSI EIA TIA 568 A building wiring standards can be a maximum of 328 feet ft or 100 meters
4. e By default the IP Address tab is open on this window e Verify the following Obtain an IP address automatically is selected If not selected click in the radio button to the left of it to select it This setting is required to enable the DHCP server to automatically assign an IP address e Click OK to continue Restart the PC Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network TCP IP Properties Bindings Advanced Netpios DNS Configuration Gateway WINS Configuration IP Address An IP address can be automatically assigned to this computer If your network does not automatically assign IP addresses ask your network administrator for an address and then type itin the space below Cancel Selecting the Windows Internet Access Method 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel 2 Double click the Internet Options icon 3 Select I want to set up my Internet connection manually or I want to connect through a Local Area Network and click Next 4 Select I want to connect through a Local Area Network and click Next 5 Uncheck all boxes in the LAN Internet Configuration screen and click Next 6 Proceed to the end of the Wizard Verifying TCP IP Properties After your PC is configured and has rebooted you can check the TCP IP configuration using the utility winipcfg exe
5. i ql Gateway IP Address Use IP Over ATM IPoA IP Address la IP Subnet Mask Gateway IP Address Domain Name Server DNS Address Primary DNS J0 JG agg Oon ann Secondary DNS Apply Cancel Test Figure 3 14 Setup Wizard menu for Fixed IP address 1 If required enter the Account Name and Domain Name from your ISP 2 Choose Use Static IP Address or Use IP Over ATM IPoA RFC1483 Routed according to the information from your ISP If you choose IPoA the router will be able to detect the gateway IP address but you still need to provide the router IP address 3 Enter your assigned IP Address Subnet Mask and the IP Address of your ISP s gateway router This information should have been provided to you by your ISP You need the configuration parameters from your ISP you recorded in Record Your Internet Connection Information on page 3 3 4 Enter the IP address of your ISP s Primary DNS Server If a Secondary DNS Server address is available enter it also DNS servers are required to perform the function of translating an Internet name such as www netgear com to a numeric IP address For a fixed IP address configuration you must obtain DNS server addresses from your ISP and enter them manually here Connecting the Router to the Internet 3 13 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 5 Click Apply to save the s
6. i mt a i a i NETGEAR q V lb LS 4 Power Test Internet Wireless LAN Figure 2 1 DG834G Front Panel You can use the LEDs to verify various conditions Table 2 1 lists and describes each LED on the front panel of the router These LEDs are green when lit 2 6 Introduction 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table 2 1 LED Descriptions Label Activity Description Power On Power is supplied to the router Off Power is not supplied to the router Test On The system is initializing Off The system is ready and running Internet Blink Amber Indicates ADSL training On Green The Internet port has detected a link with an attached device Blink Green Data is being transmitted or received by the Internet port Wireless On Indicates that the Wireless port is initialized Off The Wireless Access Point is turned off LAN On Green The Local port has detected a link with a 100 Mbps device Blink Green Data is being transmitted or received at 100 Mbps On Amber The Local port has detected a link with a 10 Mbps device Blink Amber Data is being transmitted or received at 10 Mbps Off No link is detected on this port The Router s Rear Panel The rear panel of the DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router Figure 2 2 contains port connections ADSL LAN Internet LL
7. The supplicant in the station uses the authentication and cipher suite information contained in the information elements to decide which authentication method and cipher suite to use For example if the access point is using the pre shared key method then the supplicant need not authenticate using full blown 802 1X Rather the supplicant must simply prove to the access point that it is in possession of the pre shared key If the supplicant detects that the service set does not contain a WPA information element then it knows it must use pre WPA 802 1X authentication and key management in order to access the network Key management WPA features a robust key generation management system that integrates the authentication and data privacy functions Keys are generated after successful authentication and through a subsequent 4 way handshake between the station and Access Point AP Data Privacy Encryption Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP is used to wrap WEP in sophisticated cryptographic and security techniques to overcome most of its weaknesses Data integrity TKIP includes a message integrity code MIC at the end of each plaintext message to ensure messages are not being spoofed Wireless Networking Basics D 11 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G WPA Authentication Enterprise level User Authentication via 802 1x EAP and RADIUS Wired Network with Optional Wireless LAN 802 1x Port Based Ne
8. 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button and then click Run C 6 Preparing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Type winipefg and then click OK The IP Configuration window opens which lists among other things your IP address subnet mask and default gateway From the drop down box select your Ethernet adapter The window is updated to show your settings which should match the values below if you are using the default TCP IP settings that NETGEAR recommends for connecting through a router or gateway e The IP address is between 192 168 0 2 and 192 168 0 254 e The subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 e The default gateway is 192 168 0 1 Configuring Windows NT4 2000 or XP for IP Networking As part of the PC preparation process you may need to install and configure TCP IP on each networked PC Before starting locate your Windows CD you may need to insert it during the TCP IP installation process Installing or Verifying Windows Networking Components To install or verify the necessary components for IP networking 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel 2 Double click the Network and Dialup Connections icon 3 Ifan Ethernet adapter is present in your PC you should see an entry for Local Area Connection Double click that entry 4 Select Properties 5 Verify t
9. Enable Name Type Local Remote 10 5 6 1 i 172 23 9 1 i 1 A toFVL328 Auto 355 255 255 0 255 255 255 0 SDES Delete Appi Add Auto Policy Cancel Add Manual Policy VPN Auto Policy General Policy Name Remote VPN Endpoint M NetBIOS Enable T IKE Keep Alive Local LAN IP Address Remote LAN IP Address IKE Direction Exchange Mode Diffie Hellman DH Group Local Identity Type Data Remote Identity Type Data Parameters Encryption Algorithm Authentication Algorithm Pre shared Key SA Life Time I Enable PFS Perfect Forward Security Click VPN Policies under Advanced VPN to invoke this screen toFVL328 Address Type Fixed IP Address z 22 23 24 25 Address Data Ping IP Address 5 Subnet address Single Start address a Finish address 711 II m7 Subnet Mask 5 Subnet address Single Start IP address F Finish IP address EUS FUG IT 717 Subnet Mask 5 Main Mode z Group 2 1024 Bi gt n a IP Address z n a 3DES SHA 1 12345678 28800 Seconds Back Cancel Figure F 2 Viewing and editing the VPN parameters of the DG834G at gateway A NETGEAR VPN Configuration F 3 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Configure the FVL328 as in the Gateway to Gateway procedures for the VPN Wizard see How t
10. F 10 NETGEAR VPN Configuration 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Dynamic DNS Use a dynamic DNS service C None DynDNS org Click here for information TZO com Click here for free trial ngDDNS Click here to register DynDNS Host and Domain Name p aaeeea example yourname dyndns org I Use wildcards Apply Cancel Show Status Figure F 9 Dynamic DNS Setup Screen Click Show Status The resulting screen should show Update OK good see Figure F 10 3 Dynamic DNS Details Microsoft Internet Explorer Dynamic DNS Update OK good TZO com TZO service is not enabled ngDDNs amp service is not enabled Figure F 10 Status Screen NETGEAR VPN Configuration F 11 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 5 Configure the DG834G as in the Gateway to Gateway procedures using the VPN Wizard see How to Set Up a Gateway to Gateway VPN Configuration on page 8 20 being certain to use appropriate network addresses for the environment The LAN Addresses used in this example are as follows e DG8 amp 34G LAN IP 10 5 6 1 LAN Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 e FVL328 LAN IP 172 23 9 1 LAN Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 a InStep 1 enter toFVL328 for the Connection Name b In Step 2 enter fvl328 dyndns org for the remote WAN s IP address c In Step 3 enter the following
11. e IP Address 172 23 9 1 e Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 6 Configure the FVL328 as in the Gateway to Gateway procedures for the VPN Wizard see How to Set Up a Gateway to Gateway VPN Configuration on page 8 20 being certain to use appropriate network addresses for the environment a In Step 1 enter toDG834 for the Connection Name b In Step 2 enter dg834g dyndns org for the remote WAN s IP address c In Step 3 enter the following e IP Address 10 5 6 1 e Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 7 Test the VPN tunnel by pinging the remote network from a PC attached to the DG834G a Open the command prompt Start gt Run gt cmd b ping 172 23 9 1 F 12 NETGEAR VPN Configuration 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G A WINNT system32 ping exe from from from from from from from 172 172 172 172 172 172 172 time lt 16ms time lt i ms 2 time lt i ms time lt 1 ms time lt 1 ms sit time lt 1 ms bytes 32 time lt i ms Figure F 11 ping 172 23 9 1 Note The pings may fail the first time If this happens try the pings a second time Configuration Summary Telecommuter Example TTL 128 TTL 128 TTL 128 TTL 128 TTL 128 TTL 128 TTL 128 The configuration in this document follows the addressing and configuration mechanics defined by the VPN Consortium Gather all the necessary information before you begin the configurat
12. e SPI each SA has a unique SPI Security Parameter Index for traffic in each direction For Manual key exchange the SPI is specified in the Policy definition For Automatic key exchange the SPI is generated by the IKE protocol e Policy Name the name of the VPN policy associated with this SA e Remote Endpoint the IP address on the remote VPN Endpoint e Action the action will be either a Drop or a Connect button e SLifeTime Secs the remaining Soft Lifetime for this SA in seconds When the Soft Lifetime becomes zero the SA Security Association will re negotiated e HLifeTime Secs the remaining Hard Lifetime for this SA in seconds When the Hard Lifetime becomes zero the SA Security Association will be terminated It will be re established if required Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 31 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Z Current YPN Tunnels SAs Microsoft Internet Explorer Current VPN Tunnels SAs sprain spr outy PolicyName Remote Endpoint Action SLifeTime HLifeTime i 3389064080 3779227165 Roadyarrior 192 168 2 2 Drop 28716 28715 Figure 8 36 Current VPN Tunnels SAs Screen Deactivating a VPN Tunnel Sometimes a VPN tunnel must be deactivated for testing purposes There are two ways to deactivate a VPN tunnel e Policy table on VPN Policies page e VPN Status page Using th
13. fail if both are using the NETGEAR default address range of 192 168 0 x Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 8 21 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Follow this procedure to configure a gateway to gateway VPN tunnel using the VPN Wizard 1 Log in to the DG834G on LAN A at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 with its default user name of admin and password of password Click the VPN Wizard link in the main menu to display this screen Click Next to proceed VPN Wizard The Wizard sets most parameters to defaults as proposed by the YPN Consortium PNC and assumes a pre shared key greatly simplifies setup After creating the policies through VPN Wizard you can always update the parameters through VPN Settings link on the left menu Figure 8 21 VPN Wizard Start Screen 2 Fill in the Connection Name and the pre shared key select the type of target end point and click Next to proceed Enter the new Connection Name e g GtoG VPN Wizard Step 1 of 3 Connection Name and Remote IP Type What is the new a A En Enter the pre shared key Whatis the pre shared e g 12345678 key This VPN tunnel will lo connectito E AEN ee Select the radio button A remote VPN client single PC A remote VPN Gateway Back Next Cancel Figure 8 22 Connection Name and Remote IP Type 8 22 Virtual Private Net
14. Advertisement Time To Live in hops UPnP Portmap Table Active Protocol Int Port Ext Port IPAddress Apply Cancel Refresh Figure 7 7 Universal Plug and Play menu 2 Fill out the UPnP screen Turn UPnP On UPnP can be enabled or disabled for automatic device configuration The default setting for UPnP is enabled If disabled the Router will not allow any device to automatically control the resources such as port forwarding mapping of the Router Advertisement Period The Advertisement Period is how often the Router will advertise broadcast its UPnP information This value can range from 1 to 1440 minutes The default period is for 30 minutes Shorter durations will ensure that control points have current device status at the expense of additional network traffic Longer durations may compromise the freshness of the device status but can significantly reduce network traffic Advertisement Time To Live The time to live for the advertisement is measured in hops steps for each UPnP packet sent A hop is the number of steps allowed to propagate for each UPnP advertisement before it disappears The number of hops can range from 1 to 255 The default value for the advertisement time to live is 4 hops which should be fine for most home networks If you notice that some devices are not being updated or reached correctly then it may be necessary to increase this value a little Advanced Configuration 202 1
15. In the Router Upgrade menu click the Browse to locate the binary BIN or IMG upgrade file Click Upload Note When uploading software to the router it is important not to interrupt the Web a browser by closing the window clicking a link or loading a new page If the browser is interrupted it may corrupt the software When the upload is complete your router will automatically restart The upgrade process will typically take about one minute In some cases you may need to clear the configuration and reconfigure the router after upgrading Managing Your Network 6 3 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Network Management Information The DG834G provides a variety of status and usage information which is discussed below Viewing Router Status and Usage Statistics From the Main Menu under Maintenance select Router Status to view the screen in Figure 6 3 Router Status Account Name Firmware Version ADSL Port MAC Address IP Address DHCP IP Subnet Mask Domain Name Server LAN Port MAC Address IP Address DHCP IP Subnet Mask Modem ADSL Firmware Version Modem Status DownStream Connection Speed UpStream Connection Speed VPI VC 0 01 14 00 09 5b 70 46 26 63 199 31 112 PPPOE 255 255 255 255 206 13 31 12 00 09 5b 70 46 26 192 168 0 1 On 255 255 255 0 1 00 05 00 Connected 1536 kbps 160 kbps 0 35
16. Network Security Policy My Connections IPSec Protocols d toDG834G Seconds KBytes 3 My Identity SA Life Unspecified zi 5 a Security Policy E Authentication Phase 1 Compression None zl Proposal 1 E S Key Exchange Phase 2 I Encapsulation Protocol ESP Proposal 1 Encypt Alg Triple DES D Other Connections Hash Alg SHAT Encapsulation Tunnel J7 Authentication Protocol AH Zi E Figure 8 15 Security Policy Editor Key Exchange e Inthe SA Life menu select Unspecified e Inthe Compression menu select None e Check the Encapsulation Protocol ESP checkbox e Inthe Encrypt Alg menu select the type of encryption to correspond with what was configured for the Encryption Protocol in the DG834G in Table 8 3 on page 8 8 In this example use Triple DES e Inthe Hash Alg menu select SHA 1 e Inthe Encapsulation menu select Tunnel e Leave the Authentication Protocol AH checkbox unchecked 7 Save the VPN Client Settings From the File menu at the top of the Security Policy Editor window select Save After you have configured and saved the VPN client information your PC will automatically open the VPN connection when you attempt to access any IP addresses in the range of the remote VPN router s LAN Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 17 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 8 Check the VPN
17. Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G NETGEAR NETGEAR Inc 4500 Great America Parkway Santa Clara CA 95054 USA Phone 1 888 NETGEAR 202 10006 05 June 2005 202 10006 05 June 2005 2005 by NETGEAR Inc All rights reserved Trademarks NETGEAR is a trademark of Netgear Inc Microsoft Windows and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design operational function and or reliability NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product s or circuit layout s described herein Federal Communications Commission FCC Compliance Notice Radio Frequency Notice This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur i
18. Subnet Mask Single Start IP address 192 168 E P Finish IP address D S l E l Subnet Mask J J Responder only Main Mode 7 lt Auto e Fully Qualified Domain Name x romDG834G com t Fully Qualified Domain Name gt ftoDG834G com at 3DES x q Auto v 12345678 E 600 keconds I Enable PFS Perfect Forward Security Back Cancel Figure F 13 VPN Auto Policy screen fromDG834G in the example Dynamic IP address IKE Keep Alive is optional must match Remote LAN IP Address when enabled remote PC must respond to pings Subnet address 192 168 0 1 in this example 255 255 255 0 Single address 192 168 2 3 in this example _ Remote NAT router must have Address Reservation set and VPN Passthrough enabled Main Mode Fully Qualified Domain Name fromDG834G com in this example Fully Qualified Domain Name toDG834G com in this example 3DES 12345678 in this example 3600 NETGEAR VPN Configuration F 15 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 2 Click Apply when done to get the VPN Policies screen VPN Policies Policy Table lEnabie Name Type Local Remote ESP 192 168 0 1 ce h V fromDG8346G Auto 255 255 255 0 1 168 23 3DE8 Edit Delete Apply Cancel Add Auto Policy Add Manual Policy Figure F 14 VPN Policies screen To
19. Password Apply Cancel Test Figure 3 10 Setup Wizard menu for PPPoE login accounts Enter the PPPoE login user name and password Wizard Detected PPPoA Login Account Setup If the Setup Wizard determines that your Internet service account uses a login protocol such as PPP over ATM PPPoA you will be directed to the PPPoA page shown in Figure 3 11 below PPPoA Login Password Apply Cancel Test Figure 3 11 Setup Wizard menu for PPPoA login accounts Enter your login user name and password These fields are case sensitive Wizard Detected Dynamic IP Account Setup If the Setup Wizard determines that your Internet service account uses Dynamic IP assignment you will be directed to the page shown in Figure 3 12 below Connecting the Router to the Internet 3 11 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Dynamic IP Address No input data is required Click Apply to accept this connection method cores Test Figure 3 12 Setup Wizard menu for Dynamic IP address Click Apply to set Dynamic IP as the connection method Wizard Detected IP Over ATM Account Setup If the Setup Wizard determines that your Internet service account uses IP over ATM Classical IP assignment RFC1577 you will be directed to the page shown in Figure 3 13 below IP Over ATM Internet IP Address IP Address o o 0 o IP Subnet Mask o o mit o Domain Name Se
20. Show Statistics Connection Status Figure 6 3 Router Status screen The Router Status menu provides status and usage information This screen shows the following parameters 202 10006 05 June 2005 Managing Your Network Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table 6 1 Menu 3 2 Router Status Fields Field Description Account Name The Host Name assigned to the router in the Basic Settings menu Firmware Version This field displays the router firmware version ADSL Port These parameters apply to the Internet ADSL port of the router MAC Address This field displays the Ethernet MAC address being used by the Internet ADSL port of the router IP Address This field displays the IP address being used by the Internet ADSL port of the router If no address is shown the router cannot connect to the Internet DHCP If None the router will use a fixed IP address on the ADSL If Client the router will obtain an IP address dynamically from the ISP IP Subnet Mask This field displays the IP Subnet Mask being used by the Internet ADSL port of the router Domain Name Server DNS This field displays the DNS Server IP addresses being used by the router These addresses are usually obtained dynamically from the ISP LAN Port These parameters apply to the Local ADSL port of the router MAC Address This field displays the Ethernet MAC address being used by the Local
21. Single address enter an IP address in the Single Start IP address field Typically this setting is used when you wish to make a single Server on your LAN available to remote users Range address enter the starting IP address in the Single Start IP address field and the finish IP address in the Finish IP address field This must be an address range used on your LAN Subnet address enter an IP address in the Single Start IP address field and the desired network mask in the Subnet Mask field The remote VPN endpoint must have these IP addresses entered as its Remote addresses Remote LAN This identifies which PCs on the remote LAN are covered by this policy For each selection data must be provided as follows Single PC no Subnet select this option if there is no LAN only a single PC at the remote endpoint If this option is selected no additional data is required Single address enter an IP address in the Single Start IP address field This must be an address on the remote LAN Typically this setting is used when you wish to access a server on the remote LAN Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 49 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e Range address enter the starting IP address in the Single Start IP address field and the finish IP address in the Finish IP address field This must be an address range used on the remote
22. ensure that data could be securely transmitted over the Internet IPSec protects against possible security exposures by protecting data while in while in transit IPSec Security Features IPSec is the most secure method commercially available for connecting network sites PSec was designed to provide the following security features when transferring packets across networks e Authentication Verifies that the packet received is actually from the claimed sender e Integrity Ensures that the contents of the packet did not change in transit e Confidentiality Conceals the message content through encryption IPSec Components IPSec contains the following elements E 2 Virtual Private Networking 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e Encapsulating Security Payload ESP Provides confidentiality authentication and integrity e Authentication Header AH Provides authentication and integrity e Internet Key Exchange IKE Provides key management and Security Association SA management Encapsulating Security Payload ESP ESP provides authentication integrity and confidentiality which protect against data tampering and most importantly provide message content protection IPSec provides an open framework for implementing industry standard algorithms such as SHA and MDS The algorithms IPSec uses produce a unique and unforgeable identifier for each packet which
23. the options below e Ifyou have a computer already connected using the active Internet access account you can gather the configuration information from that computer e For Windows 95 98 ME open the Network control panel select the TCP IP entry for the Ethernet adapter and click Properties e For Windows 2000 XP open the Local Area Network Connection select the TCP IP entry for the Ethernet adapter and click Properties e For Macintosh computers open the TCP IP or Network control panel e You can also refer to the DG834G Resource CD for the NETGEAR Router ISP Guide which provides Internet connection information for many ISPs Once you locate your Internet configuration parameters you may want to record them on the next page Record Your Internet Connection Information Print the following page Fill in the configuration parameters from your Internet Service Provider ISP Connecting the Router to the Internet 3 3 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G ISP Multiplexing Method and Virtual Circuit Number The default settings of your DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router will work fine for most ISPs However some ISPs use a specific Multiplexing Method or a Virtual Circuit Number for either the Virtual Path Identifier VPI or Virtual Channel Identifier VCI If your ISP provided you with a specific Multiplexing Method or VPI VCI number then fill in the following
24. 0 24 VPNC Example Network Interface Addressing Gateway A Gateway B WAN IP C IP n INTI n dg834g dyndns org fvi328 dyndns org 172 23 9 1 DG834G FQDN FQDN FVL328 Figure F 5 Addressing and Subnet Used for Examples Note Product updates are available on the NETGEAR Inc web site at http kbserver netgear com DG834G asp gt The Use of a Fully Qualified Domain Name FQDN Many ISPs Internet Service Providers provide connectivity to their customers using dynamic instead of static IP addressing This means that a user s IP address does not remain constant over time which presents a challenge for gateways attempting to establish VPN connectivity NETGEAR VPN Configuration F 7 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G A Dynamic DNS DDNS service allows a user whose public IP address is dynamically assigned to be located by a host or domain name It provides a central public database where information such as email addresses host names and IP addresses can be stored and retrieved Now a gateway can be configured to use a 3 party service in lieu of a permanent and unchanging IP address to establish bi directional VPN connectivity To use DDNS you must register with a DDNS service provider Example DDNS Service Providers include e DynDNS www dyndns org e TZO com netgear tzo com e ngDDNS ngddns iego net In this e
25. 168 Metric i Apply Cancel Figure 7 6 Static Route Entry and Edit Menu b Type a route name for this static route in the Route Name box under the table This is for identification purpose only c Select Private if you want to limit access to the LAN only The static route will not be reported in RIP d Select Active to make this route effective e Type the Destination IP Address of the final destination f Type the IP Subnet Mask for this destination If the destination is a single host type 255 255 255 255 g Type the Gateway IP Address which must be a router on the same LAN segment as the router h Type a number between 1 and 15 as the Metric value This represents the number of routers between your network and the destination Usually a setting of 2 or 3 works but if this is a direct connection set it to 1 4 Click Apply to have the static route entered into the table Advanced Configuration 7 11 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Universal Plug and Play UPnP Universal Plug and Play UPnP helps devices such as Internet appliances and computers access the network and connect to other devices as needed UPnP devices can automatically discover the services from other registered UPnP devices on the network 1 Click UPnP on the main menu to invoke the UPnP menu UPnP M Turn UPnP On Advertisement Period in minutes so 4
26. 192 168 017 192 168 317 j1 GtoG Auto 255 255 255 0 255 255 255 0 SES Figure 8 45 VPN Policies Screen 6 Repeat for the DG834G on LAN B and pay special attention to use the following network settings as appropriate e General Remote Address Data e g 14 15 16 17 e Remote LAN Start IP Address IP Address e g 192 168 0 1 Subnet Mask e g 255 255 255 0 Preshared Key e g 12345678 7 Use the VPN Status screen to activate the VPN tunnel by performing the following steps Note The VPN Status screen is only one of three ways to active a VPN tunnel See Activating a VPN Tunnel on page 8 27 for information on the other ways a Open the DG834G management interface and click on VPN Status to display the VPN Status Log screen Figure 8 46 8 46 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G VPN Status Log Tue 2004 06 22 22 58 26 Tue 2004 06 22 22 58 26 Tue 2004 06 22 22 58 26 Tue 2004 06 22 22 58 27 GtoG initiating Main Mode GtoG ISAKMP SA established GtoG sent Q12 IPsec SA established GtoG sent O12 IPsec SA established Refresh Creerlog VEN iene Figure 8 46 VPN Status Log Screen b Click VPN Status Figure 8 46 to display the Current VPN Tunnels SAs screen Figure 8 47 Click on Connect for the VPN tunnel you want to activate J Cur
27. A firewall incorporates the functions of the NAT router while adding features for dealing with a hacker intrusion or attack Several known types of intrusion or attack can be recognized when they occur When an incident is detected the firewall can log details of the attempt and can optionally send email to an administrator notifying them of the incident Using information from the log the administrator can take action with the ISP of the hacker In some types of intrusions the firewall can fend off the hacker by discarding all further packets from the hacker s IP address for a period of time Stateful Packet Inspection Unlike simple Internet sharing routers a firewall uses a process called stateful packet inspection to ensure secure firewall filtering to protect your network from attacks and intrusions Since user level applications such as FTP and Web browsers can create complex patterns of network traffic it is necessary for the firewall to analyze groups of network connection states Using Stateful Packet Inspection an incoming packet is intercepted at the network layer and then analyzed for state related information associated with all network connections A central cache within the firewall keeps track of the state information associated with all network connections All traffic passing through the firewall is analyzed against the state of these connections in order to determine whether or not it will be allowed to pass through or rejected
28. Access Paint C Allow Broadcast of Name SSID Figure 4 3 Wireless Access Point settings Restricting Access to Your Network by Turning Off Wireless Connectivity You can completely turn off the wireless portion of the DG834G For example if your notebook computer is used to wirelessly connect to your router and you take a business trip you can turn off the wireless portion of the router while you are traveling Other members of your household who use computers connected to the router via Ethernet cables will still be able to use the router Restricting Wireless Access Based on the Wireless Network Name SSID The DG834G can restrict wireless access to your network by not broadcasting the wireless network name SSID However by default this feature is turned off If you turn this feature on wireless devices will not see your DG834G You must configure your wireless devices to match the wireless network name SSID you configure in the DG834G wireless router Note The SSID of any wireless access adapters must match the SSID you configure in the DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router If they do not match you will not get a wireless connection to the DG834G Restricting Wireless Access Based on the Wireless Station Access List This list determines which wireless hardware devices will be allowed to connect to the firewall To restrict access based on MAC addresses follow these steps 1 Log in to the DG834G firewall at its defa
29. E N EE E E E E Testing Your Internet Connection Manually Configuring Your Internet Conne How to Perform Manual Configuration A Internet Connection Requires kini and iissa PPPoE Internet Connection Requires Login and Uses PPPOA c secees Internet a niia Does Note Require A Login essssrsrrrrrsssren 3 18 Chopera 4 Wireless Configuration Considerations for a Wireless Network re Observe Performance Placement and a ani Guidelines eet Implement Appropriate Wireless Security cece Understanding Wireless Settings PET How to Set Up and Test Basic Wireless n ectivity How to Restricting Wireless Access to Your Network SEA see to Your Network i Turning Off Wireless Con gea se 4 9 chert a EE E T E E E E E Fow coSs WE F esaa aa oy How ta Coniigure WPA PSK cawcsaisonnininonicdiieniadiian ana A vi Contents 202 10006 05 June 2005 Chapter 5 Protecting Your Network Protecting Access to Your DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router c ccc 5 1 Few tes reais the Built In Pr ostdairiskiin eaeoe enna 5 1 Changing the Administrator Login Timeout err rrr er re rrr erence Configuring Basic Firewall Services SE a 2 Blocking Keywords Sites and Senmices iruusisoiesinrianiinsainn Soe How to Block keywords and Siles seciisssiienriissnisconrn DOR a ha AEA EAT lain A A AA ine Inbound Rules Port Parian s N EEE tre age Inbound Rule Example A Local Public Web Beier
30. Exchange Phase 2 A Proposal 1 Qs Other Connections Encryption and Data Integrity Algorithms Encrypt Alg Triple DES X Hash Alg SHA 1 X Seconds SA Lfe Unspecified v Key Group Diffie Hellman Group 2 ad Figure F 20 Security Policy Editor authentication In the Authentication Method menu select Pre Shared key In the Encrypt Alg menu select the type of encryption In this example use Triple DES d e Inthe Hash Alg menu select SHA 1 f Inthe SA Life menu select Unspecified g In the Key Group menu select Diffie Hellman Group 2 6 Configure the VPN Client Key Exchange Proposal In this step you will provide the type of encryption DES or 3DES to be used for this connection This selection must match your selection in the VPN router configuration F 22 NETGEAR VPN Configuration 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Expand the Key Exchange subheading by double clicking its name or clicking on the symbol Then select Proposal 1 below Key Exchange IN Security Policy Editor NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client File Edit Options Help Network Security Policy My Connections By toDG834G 3 My Identity a Security Policy 2E Authentication Phase 1 A Proposal 1 NETGEAR N IPSec Protocols Seconds KBytes SA Life Unspecified Compression None M Encapsulation Protocol ESP Ss Key Exchange
31. ISP and you will not need to know that dynamic information In order to share the Internet connection among several computers your router takes the place of the single PC and you need to configure it with the TCP IP information that the single PC would normally use When the router s Internet port is connected to the broadband modem the router appears to be a single PC to the ISP The router then allows the PCs on the local network to masquerade as the single PC to access the Internet through the broadband modem The method used by the router to accomplish this is called Network Address Translation NAT or IP masquerading Are Login Protocols Used Some ISPs require a special login protocol in which you must enter a login name and password in order to access the Internet If you normally log in to your Internet account by running a program such as WinPOET or EnterNet then your account uses PPP over Ethernet PPPoE When you configure your router you need to enter your login name and password in the router s configuration menus After your network and router are configured the router will perform the login task when needed and you will no longer need to run the login program from your PC It is not necessary to uninstall the login program What Is Your Configuration Information More and more ISPs are dynamically assigning configuration information However if your ISP does not dynamically assign configuration information but in
32. Internet account uses a dynamically assigned IP address you will not know in advance what your IP address will be and the address can change frequently In this case you can use a commercial dynamic DNS service that will allow you to register your domain to their IP address and will forward traffic directed at your domain to your frequently changing IP address Advanced Configuration 7 7 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G The router contains a client that can connect to a dynamic DNS service provider To use this feature you must select a service provider and obtain an account with them After you have configured your account information in the router whenever your ISP assigned IP address changes your router will automatically contact your dynamic DNS service provider log in to your account and register your new IP address How to Configure Dynamic DNS 1 Log in to the router at its default LAN address of hittp 192 168 0 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever User Name Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router 2 From the Main Menu of the browser interface under Advanced select Dynamic DNS to display the page below Dynamic DNS C Use a Dynamic DNS Service Service Provider www DynDNS org Host Name User Name Password Cluse Wildcards Figure 7 4 Dynamic DNS menu 3
33. Jes 1 finish 134 iv Jes 254 Log Not Match z Back Cancel Figure 5 6 Rule example Videoconference from Restricted Addresses Considerations for Inbound Rules e If your external IP address is assigned dynamically by your ISP the IP address may change periodically as the DHCP lease expires Consider using the Dynamic DNS feature in the Advanced menu so that external users can always find your network 5 8 Protecting Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e Ifthe IP address of the local server computer is assigned by DHCP it may change when the computer is rebooted To avoid this use the Reserved IP address feature in the LAN IP menu to keep the computer s IP address constant e Local computers must access the local server using the computer s local LAN address 192 168 0 11 in the example in Figure 5 6 above Attempts by local computers to access the server using the external WAN IP address will fail Outbound Rules Service Blocking The DG834G allows you to block the use of certain Internet services by computers on your network This is called service blocking or port filtering You can define an outbound rule to block Internet access from a local computer based on e IP address of the local computer source address e IP address of the Internet site being contacted destination address e Time of day e Type of service being requested s
34. Multiplexing Method circle one LLC based or VC based VPI A number between 0 and 255 VCI A number between 1 and 65535 ISP Login Name The login name and password are case sensitive and must be entered exactly as given by your ISP Some ISPs use your full e mail address as the login name The Service Name is not required by all ISPs If you use a login name and password then fill in the following Login Name Password Service Name Fixed or Static IP Address If you have a static IP address record the following information For example 169 254 141 148 could be a valid IP address Fixed or Static Internet IP Address Router IP Address Subnet Mask ISP DNS Server Addresses If you were given DNS server addresses fill in the following Primary DNS Server IP Address Secondary DNS Server IP Address Host and Domain Names Some ISPs use a specific host or domain name like CCA7324 A or home If you did not get host or domain names use the following examples as a guide e If your main e mail account with your ISP is aaa yyy com then use aaa as your host name Your ISP might call this your account user host computer or system name e If your ISP s mail server is mail xxx yyy com then use xxx yyy com as the domain name ISP Host Name ISP Domain Name For Wireless Access For configuration of the wireless network record the following Wireless Network Name SSID WEP Authentication circle one Automatic
35. Open System or Shared Key WEP Encryption circle one 64 or 128 Passphrase or Key 3 4 Connecting the Router to the Internet 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Connecting the DG834G to Your LAN This section provides instructions for connecting the DG834G wireless router Note The Resource CD included with your router contains an animated Installation Assistant to help you through this procedure How to Connect the Router There are four steps to connecting your firewall 1 2 3 4 Install ADSL filters on the phone lines Connect the router to the ADSL filter Log in to the router Connect to the Internet Follow the steps below to connect your router to your network Before you begin locate the ADSL configuration information from your Internet Service Provider ISP 1 CONNECT ADSL FILTERS ON THE PHONE LINES a You need to install a filter on every telephone or device that shares the same phone number as your ADSL router Select the filter that came with your router One Line Filter Splitter p gt Phone y H Two Line Filter pst With Splitter Phone 8 eh Figure 3 3 ADSL microfilters Note If you purchased the DG834G in a country where the filter is not included you must acquire one b Two Line Filter Example Insert the two line filter into the phone outlet and connect the phone to the phone line co
36. Phase 2 D Other Connections Encrypt Alg Triple DES x Hash Alg SHA 1 Encapsulation Tunnel Authentication Protocol AH Figure F 21 Security Policy Editor key exchange b In the SA Life menu select Unspecified c Inthe Compression menu select None d Check the Encapsulation Protocol ESP checkbox e Inthe Encrypt Alg menu select the type of encryption In this example use Triple DES f Inthe Hash Alg menu select SHA 1 g Inthe Encapsulation menu select Tunnel h Leave the Authentication Protocol AH checkbox unchecked 7 Save the VPN Client settings From the File menu at the top of the Security Policy Editor window select Save After you have configured and saved the VPN client information your PC will automatically open the VPN connection when you attempt to access any IP addresses in the range of the remote VPN router s LAN NETGEAR VPN Configuration F 23 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 8 Check the VPN Connection To check the VPN Connection you can initiate a request from the remote PC to the VPN router s network by using the Connect option in the DG834G wireless router menu bar see Figure F 22 Since the remote PC has a dynamically assigned WAN IP address it must initiate the request a Right click the system tray icon to open the popup menu b Select Connect to open the My Connections list c Choose toD
37. T or LOOBASE Tx RJ 45 WAN ADSL Dual RJ 11 pins 2 and 3 T1 413 GDMT GLite ITU Annex A or B A 2 Technical Specifications 202 10006 05 June 2005 Appendix B Network and Routing Basics This chapter provides an overview of IP networks and routing Related Publications As you read this document you may be directed to various RFC documents for further information An RFC is a Request For Comment RFC published by the Internet Engineering Task Force IETF an open organization that defines the architecture and operation of the Internet The RFC documents outline and define the standard protocols and procedures for the Internet The documents are listed on the World Wide Web at www ietf org and are mirrored and indexed at many other sites worldwide Basic Router Concepts Large amounts of bandwidth can be provided easily and relatively inexpensively in a local area network LAN However providing high bandwidth between a local network and the Internet can be very expensive Because of this expense Internet access is usually provided by a slower speed wide area network WAN link such as a cable or DSL modem In order to make the best use of the slower WAN link a mechanism must be in place for selecting and transmitting only the data traffic meant for the Internet The function of selecting and forwarding this data is performed by a router What is a Router A router is a device that forwards traffic between networks based
38. TCP IP e Windows 95 or later includes the software components for establishing a TCP IP network e Windows 3 1 does not include a TCP IP component You need to purchase a third party TCP IP application package such as NetManage Chameleon e Macintosh Operating System 7 or later includes the software components for establishing a TCP IP network e All versions of UNIX or Linux include TCP IP components Follow the instructions provided with your operating system or networking software to install TCP IP on your computer Preparing Your Network C 1 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G In your IP network each PC and the router must be assigned a unique IP addresses Each PC must also have certain other IP configuration information such as a subnet mask netmask a domain name server DNS address and a default gateway address In most cases you should install TCP IP so that the PC obtains its specific network configuration information automatically from a DHCP server during bootup For a detailed explanation of the meaning and purpose of these configuration items refer to Appendix B Network and Routing Basics The DG834G wireless router is shipped preconfigured as a DHCP server The router assigns the following TCP IP configuration information automatically when the PCs are rebooted e PC or workstation IP addresses 192 168 0 2 through 192 168 0 254 e Subnet mas
39. Time on the first day of Daylight Savings Time and clear it at the end Enabling Daylight Savings Time will cause one hour to be added to the standard time 4 The router has a list of NETGEAR NTP servers If you would prefer to use a particular NTP server as the primary server enter its IP address under Use this NTP Server 5 Click Apply to save your settings How to Schedule Firewall Services If you enabled services blocking in the Block Services menu or Port forwarding in the Ports menu you can set up a schedule for when blocking occurs or when access is not restricted 1 Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router 5 14 Protecting Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 2 Select the Schedule link of the Security menu to display menu shown above in the Schedule Services menu 3 To block Internet services based on a schedule select Every Day or select one or more days If you want to limit access completely for the selected days select All Day Otherwise to limit access during certain times for the selected days enter Start Blocking and End Blocking times Note Enter the values in 24 hour time format For example 10 30 am would be 10 hours and 30 minutes and 10 30 pm would be 22 hours an
40. VPN Consortium VPNC IKE Phase Parameters The IKE Phase 1 parameters used Main mode TripleDES SHA 1 MODP group 1 pre shared secret of hr5xb8416aa9r6 E 10 Virtual Private Networking 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G SA lifetime of 28800 seconds eight hours VPNC IKE Phase II Parameters The IKE Phase 2 parameters used in Scenario 1 are TripleDES SHA 1 ESP tunnel mode MODP group 1 Perfect forward secrecy for rekeying SA lifetime of 28800 seconds one hour Testing and Troubleshooting Once you have completed the VPN configuration steps you can use PCs located behind each of the gateways to ping various addresses on the LAN side of the other gateway You can troubleshoot connections using the VPN status and log details on the Netgear gateway to determine if IKE negotiation is working Common problems encountered in setting up VPNs include e Parameters may be configured differently on Gateway A vs Gateway B e Two LANS set up with similar or overlapping addressing schemes e So many required configuration parameters mean errors such as mistyped information or mismatched parameter selections on either side are more likely to happen Additional Reading e Building and Managing Virtual Private Networks Dave Kosiur Wiley amp Sons ISBN 0471295264 e Firewalls and Internet Security Repelling the Wily Hac
41. Wireless security is not used You can select the following WEP options Authentication Type e Open the DG834G does not perform any authentication Shared WEP shared key authentication For a full explanation of WEP shared key see Authentication and WEP Data Encryption on page D 2 Encryption Strength If Shared or Open Network Authentication is enabled you can choose 64 or 128 bit WEP data encryption Note With Open Network Authentication and 64 or 128 bit WEP Data Encryption the DG834G does perform 64 or 128 bit data encryption but does not perform any authentication Security Encryption WEP Key These key values must be identical on all wireless devices in your network key 1 must be the same for all key 2 must be the same for all and so on The DG834G provides two methods for creating WEP encryption keys e Passphrase These characters are case sensitive Enter a word or group of printable characters in the Passphrase box and click the Generate button Note Not all wireless adapters support passphrase key generation Manual These values are not case sensitive 64 bit WEP enter 10 hexadecimal digits any combination of 0 9 a f or A F 128 bit WEP enter 26 hexadecimal digits any combination of 0 9 a f or A F e Wireless Configuration Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table 4 1 Wireless Security Options Field Description WPA PSK WPA Pre Shared K
42. a period of inactivity for a set length of time the administrator login will automatically disconnect When prompted enter admin for the router User Name and password for the router Password You can use procedures below to change the router s password and the amount of time for the administrator s login timeout Note The user name and password are not the same as any user name or password your may use to log in to your Internet connection NETGEAR recommends that you change this password to a more secure password The ideal password should contain no dictionary words from any language and should be a mixture of both upper and lower case letters numbers and symbols Your password can be up to 30 characters How to Change the Built In Password 1 Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router http 192 16 0 1 Figure 5 1 Log in to the router 2 From the Main Menu of the browser interface under the Maintenance heading select Set Password to bring up the menu shown in Figure 5 2 Protecting Your Network 5 1 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Set Password Old Password Set Password Repeat New Password Administrator login times out after idle for 95 minutes Figure 5 2 Set Password men
43. a router to exchange routing information with other routers The RIP Direction selection controls how the Router sends and receives RIP packets Both is the default When set to Both or Out Only the router will broadcast its routing table periodically When set to Both or In Only it will incorporate the RIP information that it receives When set to None it will not send any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP packets received 7 4 202 10006 05 June 2005 Advanced Configuration Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e RIP Version This controls the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the router sends It recognizes both formats when receiving By default this is set for RIP 1 RIP 1 is universally supported RIP 1 is probably adequate for most networks unless you have an unusual network setup RIP 2 carries more information Both RIP 2B and RIP 2M send the routing data in RIP 2 format RIP 2B uses subnet broadcasting RIP 2M uses multicasting Note If you change the LAN IP address of the router while connected through the browser you will be disconnected You must then open a new connection to the new IP address and log in again gt DHCP By default the router will function as a DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server allowing it to assign IP DNS server and default gateway addresses to all comput
44. adapter installed in your PC you may see the warning message stating The NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Component requires at least one dial up adapter be installed You can disregard this message Install the IPSec Component You may have the option to install either the VPN Adapter or the IPSec Component or both The VPN Adapter is not necessary The system should show the ProSafe icon SS in the system tray after rebooting Double click the system tray icon to open the Security Policy Editor 2 Add anew connection Run the NETGEAR ProSafe Security Policy Editor program and using the VPN Tunnel Configuration Worksheet on page 8 8 create a VPN Connection From the Edit menu of the Security Policy Editor click Add then Connection A New Connection listing appears in the list of policies Rename the New Connection so that it matches the Connection Name you entered in the VPN Settings of the DG834G on LAN A 8 12 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Note In this example the Connection Name used on the client side of the VPN tunnel is toDG834 and it does not have to match the RoadWarrior Connection Name used on the gateway side of the VPN tunnel see Figure 8 5 because Connection Names are arbitrary to how the VPN tunnel functions Tip Choose Connection Names that make sense to the people using and ad
45. and business partners over the Internet VPN tunnels also enable access to network resources across the Internet In this case use DG834Gs on each end of the tunnel to form the VPN tunnel end points See How to Set Up a Gateway to Gateway VPN Configuration on page 8 20 to set up this configuration Planning a VPN When you set up a VPN it is helpful to plan the network configuration and record the configuration parameters on a worksheet Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 3 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table 8 1 VPN Tunnel Configuration Worksheet Connection Name Pre Shared Key Secure Association Main Mode or Manual Keys Perfect Forward Secrecy Enabled or Disabled NETBIOS Enabled or Disabled Encryption Protocol DES or 3DES Authentication Protocol MD5 or SHA 1 Diffie Hellman DH Group Group 1 or Group 2 Key Life in seconds IKE Life Time in seconds FQDN or Gateway IP VPN Endpoint Local IPSec ID LAN IP Address Subnet Mask WAN IP Address To set up a VPN connection you must configure each endpoint with specific identification and connection information describing the other endpoint You must configure the outbound VPN settings on one end to match the inbound VPN settings on other end and vice versa This set of configuration information defines a security
46. are covered by the rule based on their source WAN IP address Select the desired option Any all IP addresses are covered by this rule Address range if this option is selected you must enter the Start and Finish fields Single address enter the required address in the Start field Protecting Your Network 5 7 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e Log You can select whether the traffic will be logged The choices are Never no log entries will be made for this service Always any traffic for this service type will be logged Match traffic of this type which matches the parameters and action will be logged Not match traffic of this type which does not match the parameters and action will be logged Inbound Rule Example Allowing Videoconferencing If you want to allow incoming videoconferencing to be initiated from a restricted range of outside IP addresses such as from a branch office you can create an inbound rule In the example shown in Figure 5 6 CU SeeMe connections are allowed only from a specified range of external IP addresses In this case we have also specified logging of any incoming CU SeeMe requests that do not match the allowed parameters Inbound Services Service CU SEEME TCP UDP 7648 x Action ALLOW always x Send to LAN Server 192 fise 10 J WAN Users Address Range start 134 i77
47. certain level of security the IEEE 802 11 standard has defined these two types of authentication methods e Open System With Open System authentication a wireless computer can join any network and receive any messages that are not encrypted D 2 Wireless Networking Basics Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e Shared Key With Shared Key authentication only those PCs that possess the correct authentication key can join the network By default IEEE 802 11 wireless devices operate in an Open System network Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP data encryption is used when the wireless devices are configured to operate in Shared Key authentication mode 802 11 Authentication The 802 11 standard defines several services that govern how two 802 11 devices communicate The following events must occur before an 802 11 Station can communicate with an Ethernet network through an access point such as the one built in to the DG834G 1 Turn on the wireless station The station listens for messages from any access points that are in range The station finds a message from an access point that has a matching SSID The station sends an authentication request to the access point The access point authenticates the station The station sends an association request to the access point The access point associates with the station DOs ESI ONS I I wi The station can now communicate with the Ethernet network
48. csee Ei cantocatagiatendantesauriedaccateeee ta Stale RONG EXaMPIE aiian A oe How to Configure Static Routes Serene Uniwersal Pian Pay CUP cisccsdes aot tatiasncenatacehieteande aa Chapter 8 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature Overview of VPN Conieuraion sosisini orian aa N Client to Gateway VPN Tunnels ceeccsecceeseceesseesesseeecssseeceeeeesessaeesesseeessaeeeesseeess 8 2 Gateway to Gateway VPN TUNNEIS ccceeccecesseceseeeecssseeeesseeecsaesesseseecsaeeseeeees A PANOG WE BS ashoeesanviaaseann a aiadon aban saree a VPN Tunnel ee oe A E quae addenda em eee How to Set Up a Client to Gateway VPN Hk Canligqueetion v P E N ETE A E te viii Contents 202 10006 05 June 2005 Step 1 Configuring the Client to Gateway VPN Tunnel on the DG834G Step 2 Configuring the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client on the Remote PC How to Set Up a Gateway to Gateway VPN Configuration 0 00 eee VPN Tunnel Control Activating a VPN Tunne jni aE E AE Using the VPN Status on to Aikas a VPN Tunnel EAEEREN S Activate the VPN Tunnel by Pinging the Remote Endpoint seas ia Cosa Rs Start Using a VPN Tunnel to Active I osscicsiieirsnesneri ceinaren Verifying the Status of a VPN Tunnel Deactivating a VPN Tunnel Using the Policy Table on the VPN Policies Page to Deactivate a VPN Tunnel 8 32 Using the VPN Status Page to Deactivate a VPN Tunnel cereeeee 8 33 Deleting a VPN T
49. e Printing a Chapter Use the PDF of This Chapter link at the top left of any page Click the PDF of This Chapter link at the top right of any page in the chapter you want to print The PDF version of the chapter you were viewing opens in a browser window Note Your computer must have the free Adobe Acrobat reader installed in order to view and print PDF files The Acrobat reader is available on the Adobe Web site at http www adobe com Click the print icon in the upper left of the window Tip If your printer supports printing two pages on a single sheet of paper you can save paper and printer ink by selecting this feature Printing the Full Manual Use the Complete PDF Manual link at the top left of any page Click the Complete PDF Manual link at the top left of any page in the manual The PDF version of the complete manual opens in a browser window Click the print icon in the upper left of the window Tip If your printer supports printing two pages on a single sheet of paper you can save paper and printer ink by selecting this feature About This Manual 1 3 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 1 4 About This Manual 202 10006 05 June 2005 Chapter 2 Introduction This chapter describes the features of the NETGEAR DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router The DG834G wireless router is a combination of a built in ADSL modem router 4 port switch and
50. encryption 40 bit and 128 bit The 64 bit WEP data encryption method allows for a five character 40 bit input Additionally 24 factory set bits are added to the forty bit input to generate a 64 bit encryption key The 24 factory set bits are not user configurable This encryption key will be used to encrypt decrypt all data transmitted via the wireless interface Some vendors refer to the 64 bit WEP data encryption as 40 bit WEP data encryption since the user configurable portion of the encryption key is 40 bits wide The 128 bit WEP data encryption method consists of 104 user configurable bits Similar to the forty bit WEP data encryption method the remaining 24 bits are factory set and not user configurable Some vendors allow passphrases to be entered instead of the cryptic hexadecimal characters to ease encryption key entry 128 bit encryption is stronger than 40 bit encryption but 128 bit encryption may not be available outside of the United States due to U S export regulations When configured for 40 bit encryption 802 11 products typically support up to four WEP Keys Each 40 bit WEP Key is expressed as 5 sets of two hexadecimal digits 0 9 and A F For example 12 34 56 78 90 is a 40 bit WEP Key When configured for 128 bit encryption 802 11 products typically support four WEP Keys but some manufacturers support only one 128 bit key The 128 bit WEP Key is expressed as 13 sets of two hexadecimal digits 0 9 and A F For e
51. following network settings as appropriate e WAN IP of the remote VPN gateway e g 14 15 16 17 e LAN IP settings of the remote VPN gateway IP Address e g 192 168 0 1 Subnet Mask e g 255 255 255 0 Preshared Key e g 12345678 7 Use the VPN Status screen to activate the VPN tunnel by performing the following steps ES Note The VPN Status screen is only one of three ways to active a VPN tunnel See Activating a VPN Tunnel on page 8 27 for information on the other ways a Open the DG834G management interface and click on VPN Status to get the VPN Status Log screen Figure 8 28 VPN Status Log Tue 2004 06 22 22 58 26 2004 06 22 22 58 26 2004 06 22 22 58 26 2004 06 22 22 58 27 GtoG initiating Main Mode GtoG ISAKMP SA established GtoG sent Q12 IPsec 5A established GtoG sent Q12 IPsec SA established Retesh Gearlog VEN Statis Figure 8 28 VPN Status Log Screen b Click on VPN Status Figure 8 30 to get the Current VPN Tunnels SAs screen Figure 8 29 Click on Connect for the VPN tunnel you want to activate 8 26 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G ET t YPN Tunnels SAs Microsoft Internet Explorer lol xf Current VPN Tunnels SAs SPI n SPI Out Policy Name Remote Endpoint Action SLifeTime HLifeTime 2 _ G
52. for the DG834G wireless router according to these specifications Table 1 2 Manual Scope Product Version DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router Manual Publication Date June 2005 Note Product updates are available on the NETGEAR Inc Web site at _ gt http kbserver netgear com products DG834G asp About This Manual 1 1 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G How to Use This Manual The HTML version of this manual includes the following e Buttons gt and lt for browsing forwards or backwards through the manual one page at a time e A button that displays the table of contents and an button Double click on a link in the table of contents or index to navigate directly to where the topic is described in the manual e A Knowledge Base button to access the full NETGEAR Inc online knowledge base for the product model e Links to PDF versions of the full manual and individual chapters 1 2 About This Manual 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G How to Print this Manual To print this manual you can choose one of the following several options according to your needs e Printing a Page in the HTML View Each page in the HTML version of the manual is dedicated to a major topic Use the Print button on the browser toolbar to print the page contents
53. is a data equivalent of a fingerprint This fingerprint allows the device to determine if a packet has been tampered with Furthermore packets that are not authenticated are discarded and not delivered to the intended receiver ESP also provides all encryption services in IPSec Encryption translates a readable message into an unreadable format to hide the message content The opposite process called decryption translates the message content from an unreadable format to a readable message Encryption decryption allows only the sender and the authorized receiver to read the data In addition ESP has an option to perform authentication called ESP authentication Using ESP authentication ESP provides authentication and integrity for the payload and not for the IP header Original Packet Packet with IPSec Encapsulating Security Payload ESP ESP ESP Encrypted Authenticated Figure E 1 Original packet and packet with IPSec Encapsulated Security Payload Virtual Private Networking E 3 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G The ESP header is inserted into the packet between the IP header and any subsequent packet contents However because ESP encrypts the data the payload is changed ESP does not encrypt the ESP header nor does it encrypt the ESP authentication Authentication Header AH AH provides authentication and integrity which protect against data tampering
54. m in length divided as follows 20 ft 6 m between the hub and the patch panel if used 295 ft 90 m from the wiring closet to the wall outlet Network and Routing Basics B 11 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 10 ft 3 m from the wall outlet to the desktop device The patch panel and other connecting hardware must meet the requirements for 100 Mbps operation Category 5 Only 0 5 inch 1 5 cm of untwist in the wire pair is allowed at any termination point A twisted pair Ethernet network operating at 10 Mbits second 1OBASE T will often tolerate low quality cables but at 100 Mbits second IOBASE Tx the cable must be rated as Category 5 or Cat 5 by the Electronic Industry Association EIA This rating will be printed on the cable jacket A Category 5 cable will meet specified requirements regarding loss and crosstalk In addition there are restrictions on maximum cable length for both 10 and 100 Mbits second networks Inside Twisted Pair Cables For two devices to communicate the transmitter of each device must be connected to the receiver of the other device The crossover function is usually implemented internally as part of the circuitry in the device Computers and workstation adapter cards are usually media dependent interface ports called MDI or uplink ports Most repeaters and switch ports are configured as media dependent interfaces with built in cros
55. more secure 8 50 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Chapter 9 Troubleshooting This chapter gives information about troubleshooting your DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router After each problem description instructions are provided to help you diagnose and solve the problem For the common problems listed go to the section indicated e Is the router on e Have I connected the router correctly Go to Basic Functioning on page 9 1 e Ican t access the router s configuration with my browser Go to Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface on page 9 3 e ve configured the router but I can t access the Internet Go to Troubleshooting the ISP Connection on page 9 4 e can t remember the router s configuration password e want to clear the configuration and start over again Go to Restoring the Default Configuration and Password on page 9 9 Basic Functioning After you turn on power to the router the following sequence of events should occur 1 When power is first applied verify that the Power LED is on see The Router s Front Panel on page 2 6 for an illustration and explanation of the LEDs 2 Verify that the Test LED lights within a few seconds indicating that the self test procedure is running 3 After approximately 10 seconds verify that a The Test LED is not lit b The LAN port LEDs are lit for any local ports that are connect
56. of Windows on your network Microsoft TCP IP Properties 21x IP Address DNS WINS Address Routing An IP address can be automatically assigned to this network card by a DHCP server If your network does not have a DHCP server ask your network administrator for an address and then type it in the space below Adapter Obtain an IP address from a DHCP server r Specify an IP address Rediess m Verifying TCP IP Properties for Windows XP 2000 and NT4 To check your PC s TCP IP configuration 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button and then click Run The Run window opens 2 Type cma and then click OK A command window opens 3 Type ipconfig all Your IP Configuration information will be listed and should match the values below if you are using the default TCP IP settings that NETGEAR recommends for connecting through a router or gateway e The IP address is between 192 168 0 2 and 192 168 0 254 The subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 Preparing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e The default gateway is 192 168 0 1 4 Type exit Configuring the Macintosh for TCP IP Networking Beginning with Macintosh Operating System 7 TCP IP is already installed on the Macintosh On each networked Macintosh you need to configure TCP IP to use DHCP MacOS 8 6 or 9 x 1 From the Apple menu
57. router s LAN IP address e Primary DNS Server if you entered a Primary DNS address in the Basic Settings menu otherwise the router s LAN IP address e Secondary DNS Server if you entered a Secondary DNS address in the Basic Settings menu e WINS Server short for Windows Internet Naming Service Server determines the IP address associated with a particular Windows computer A WINS server records and reports a list of names and IP address of Windows PCs on its local network If you connect to a remote network that contains a WINS server enter the server s IP address here This allows your PCs to browse the network using the Network Neighborhood feature of Windows Reserved IP addresses When you specify a reserved IP address for a computer on the LAN that computer will always receive the same IP address each time it access the router s DHCP server Reserved IP addresses should be assigned to servers that require permanent IP settings To reserve an IP address 1 Click the Add button 2 Inthe IP Address box type the IP address to assign to the computer or server Choose an IP address from the router s LAN subnet such as 192 168 0 x 3 Type the MAC Address of the computer or server Tip If the computer is already present on your network you can copy its MAC address from the Attached Devices menu and paste it here 4 Click Apply to enter the reserved address into the table Note The reserved address will not be assign
58. the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Saving Log Files on a Server You can choose to write the logs to a computer running a syslog program To activate this feature select to Broadcast on Lan or enter the IP address of the server where the Syslog file will be written Examples of Log Messages Following are examples of log messages In all cases the log entry shows the timestamp as Day Year Month Date Hour Minute Second Activation and Administration Tue 2002 05 21 18 48 39 NETGEAR activated This entry indicates a power up or reboot with initial time entry Tue 2002 05 21 18 55 00 Administrator login successful IP 192 168 0 2 Thu 2002 05 21 18 56 58 Administrator logout IP 192 168 0 2 This entry shows an administrator logging in and out from IP address 192 168 0 2 Tue 2002 05 21 19 00 06 Login screen timed out IP 192 168 0 2 This entry shows a time out of the administrator login Wed 2002 05 22 22 00 19 Log emailed This entry shows when the log was emailed Dropped Packets Wed 2002 05 22 07 15 15 TCP packet dropped Source 64 12 47 28 4787 WAN Destination 134 177 0 11 21 LAN Inbound Default rule match Sun 2002 05 22 12 50 33 UDP packet dropped Source 64 12 47 28 10714 WAN Destination 134 177 0 11 6970 LAN Inbound Default rule match Sun 2002 05 22 21 02 53 ICMP packet dropped Source 64 12 47 28 0 WAN Destination 134 177 0 11 0
59. to describe private networks such as Frame Relay Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM and Multiprotocol Label Switching MPLS A key aspect of data security is that the data flowing across the network is protected by encryption technologies Private networks lack data security which allows data attackers to tap directly into the network and read the data IPSec based VPNs use encryption to provide data security which increases the network s resistance to data tampering or theft IPSec based VPNs can be created over any type of IP network including the Internet Frame Relay ATM and MPLS but only the Internet is ubiquitous and inexpensive VPNs are traditionally used for e Intranets Intranets connect an organization s locations These locations range from the headquarters offices to branch offices to a remote employee s home Often this connectivity is used for e mail and for sharing applications and files While Frame Relay ATM and MPLS accomplish these tasks the shortcomings of each limits connectivity The cost of connecting home users is also very expensive compared to Internet access technologies such as DSL or cable Because of this organizations are moving their networks to the Internet which is inexpensive and using IPSec to create these networks Virtual Private Networking E 1 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e Remote Access Remote access enables t
60. to install the adapter TCP IP or Client for Microsoft Networks gt If you need to install a new adapter follow these steps a Click the Add button b Select Adapter and then click Add c Select the manufacturer and model of your Ethernet adapter and then click OK If you need TCP IP a Click the Add button b Select Protocol and then click Add c Select Microsoft d Select TCP IP and then click OK Preparing Your Network C 3 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G If you need Client for Microsoft Networks a Click the Add button b Select Client and then click Add c Select Microsoft d Select Client for Microsoft Networks and then click OK 3 Restart your PC for the changes to take effect Enabling DHCP to Automatically Configure TCP IP Settings in Windows 95B 98 and Me After the TCP IP protocol components are installed each PC must be assigned specific information about itself and resources that are available on its network The simplest way to configure this information is to allow the PC to obtain the information from a DHCP server in the network You will find there are many similarities in the procedures for different Windows systems when using DHCP to configure TCP IP The following steps will walk you through the configuration process for each of these versions of Windows Locate your Network Neighborhood ic
61. try the pings a second time DG834G with FQDN to FVL328 This appendix is a case study on how to configure a VPN tunnel from a NETGEAR DG834G to a FVL328 using a Fully Qualified Domain Name FQDN to resolve the public address of one or both routers This case study follows the VPN Consortium interoperability profile guidelines found at http www vpnce org InteropProfiles Interop 01 html Configuration Profile The configuration in this document follows the addressing and configuration mechanics defined by the VPN Consortium Gather all the necessary information before you begin the configuration process Verify whether the firmware is up to date all of the addresses that will be necessary and all of the parameters that need to be set on both sides Check that there are no firewall restrictions F 6 NETGEAR VPN Configuration 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table F 1 Profile Summary VPN Consortium Scenario Scenario 1 Type of VPN LAN to LAN or Gateway to Gateway not PC Client to Gateway Security Scheme IKE with Preshared Secret Key not Certificate based Date Tested June 2004 Model Firmware Tested NETGEAR Gateway A DG834G firmware version V2 10 17 NETGEAR Gateway B FVL328 with firmware version V2 0_07 IP Addressing NETGEAR Gateway A Fully Qualified Domain Name FQDN NETGEAR Gateway B FDQN 10 5 6 0 24 172 23 9
62. using the same algorithms as ESP AH also provides optional anti replay protection which protects against unauthorized retransmission of packets The authentication header is inserted into the packet between the IP header and any subsequent packet contents The payload is not touched Although AH protects the packet s origin destination and contents from being tampered with the identity of the sender and receiver is known In addition AH does not protect the data s confidentiality If data is intercepted and only AH is used the message contents can be read ESP protects data confidentiality For added protection in certain cases AH and ESP can be used together In the following table IP HDR represents the IP header and includes both source and destination IP addresses Original Packet IP HDR TCP Data Packet with IPSec Authentication Header IP HDR TCP Data Authenticated Figure E 2 Original packet and packet with IPSec Authentication Header IKE Security Association IPSec introduces the concept of the Security Association SA An SA is a logical connection between two devices transferring data An SA provides data protection for unidirectional traffic by using the defined IPSec protocols An IPSec tunnel typically consists of two unidirectional SAs which together provide a protected full duplex data channel The SAs allow an enterprise to control exactly what resources may communicate securely according to security po
63. weaknesses in the standard soon became obvious In response to this situation the Wi Fi Alliance announced a new security architecture in October 2002 that remedies the shortcomings of WEP This standard formerly known as Safe Secure Network SSN is designed to work with existing 802 11 products and offers forward compatibility with 802 11i the new wireless security architecture being defined in the IEEE WPA offers the following benefits e Enhanced data privacy e Robust key management e Data origin authentication e Data integrity protection The Wi Fi Alliance is now performing interoperability certification testing on Wi Fi Protected Access products Starting August of 2003 all new Wi Fi certified products will have to support WPA NETGEAR will implement WPA on client and access point products and make this available in the second half of 2003 Existing Wi Fi certified products will have one year to add WPA support or they will lose their Wi Fi certification The 802 111 standard is currently in draft form with ratification due at the end of 2003 While the new IEEE 802 11i standard is being ratified wireless vendors have agreed on WPA as an interoperable interim standard How Does WPA Compare to WEP WEP is a data encryption method and is not intended as a user authentication mechanism WPA user authentication is implemented using 802 1x and the Extensible Authentication Protocol EAP Support for 802 1x authentication is requir
64. window Details Other Places e Right click on the Connection you will use and choose Status C 8 Preparing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Local Area Connection Status General Support e Now you should be at the Local Area ee Network Connection Status window This Status Connected box displays the connection status duration Duration 0ga speed and activity statistics Paes ee e Administrator logon access rights are needed aes Fi ctivity to use this window aa 2 e Rese e Click the Properties button to view details Packets 138 143 243 057 about the connection 4 Local Area Connection Properties F Genemi e The TCP IP details are presented on the enere Authentioations Advanced Support tab page Connect using N E9 Intel R PRO 100 VE Network Connection e Select Internet Protocol and click Properties to view the configuration l i e infi tion This connection uses the following items penne v 8 File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks dE QoS Packet Scheduler v Internet Protocol TCP IP Install Uninstall Properties Description Allows your computer to access resources on a Microsoft network Show icon in notification area when connected OK Cancel Preparing Your Network C 9 202 10006 05 June 2005 Refere
65. 0 8 hours 3600 1 hour FQDN or Gateway IP WAN IP Address DG834G A LAN_A 192 168 0 1 255 255 255 0 14 15 16 17 DG834G B LAN_B 192 168 3 1 255 255 255 0 22 23 24 25 8 42 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 2 Open the DG834G on LAN A management interface and click on VPN Policies VPN Policies Policy Table _ Enable Name Tyne Locat Remote ESP Edit Delete Apply Cancel Add Auto Policy Add Manual Policy Figure 8 43 VPN Policies Screen 3 Click Add Auto Policy 4 Enter policy settings see Figure 8 44 e General Policy Name GtoG Remote VPN Endpoint Address Type Fixed IP Address Remote VPN Endpoint Address Data 22 23 24 25 e Local LAN use default setting e Remote LAN IP Address select Subnet address from the pulldown menu Start IP address 192 168 3 1 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 e IKE Direction Initiator and Responder Exchange Mode Main Mode Diffie Hellman DH Group Group 2 1024 Bit Local Identity Type use default setting Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 43 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Remote Identity Type use default setting e Parameters Encryption Algorithm 3DES Authentica
66. 0006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e UPnP Portmap Table The UPnP Portmap Table displays the IP address of each UPnP device that is currently accessing the Router and which ports Internal and External that device has opened The UPnP Portmap Table also displays what type of port is opened and if that port is still active for each IP address 3 To save cancel or refresh the table a Click Apply to save the new settings to the Router b Click Cancel to disregard any unsaved changes c Click Refresh to update the portmap table and to show the active ports that are currently opened by UPnP devices Advanced Configuration 7 13 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 202 10006 05 June 2005 Advanced Configuration Chapter 8 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature This chapter describes how to use the virtual private networking VPN features of the DG834G wireless router VPN communications paths are called tunnels VPN tunnels provide secure encrypted communications between your local network and a remote network or computer This chapter is organized as follows e Overview of VPN Configuration on page 8 2 provides an overview of the two most common VPN configurations Client to Gateway and Gateway to Gateway e Planning a VPN on page 8 3 provides a worksheet for recording the configuration p
67. 006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 4 Store the cfg file on a computer on your network How to Restore the Configuration from a File 1 Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever User Name Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router 2 From the Maintenance heading of the Main Menu select the Settings Backup menu as seen in Figure 6 1 3 Enter the full path to the file on your network or click the Browse button to locate the file 4 When you have located the cfg file click the Restore button to upload the file to the router 5 The router will then reboot automatically How to Erase the Configuration It is sometimes desirable to restore the router to the factory default settings This can be done by using the Erase function 1 To erase the configuration from the Maintenance menu Settings Backup link click the Erase button on the screen 2 The router will then reboot automatically After an erase the router s password will be password the LAN IP address will be 192 168 0 1 and the router s DHCP client will be enabled Note To restore the factory default configuration settings without knowing the login password or IP address you must use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the router See DG834G Rear Panel on page 2 7 Up
68. 06 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 1 The IPSec software on Host A initiates the IPSec process in an attempt to communicate with Host B The two computers then begin the Internet Key Exchange IKE process 2 IKE Phase I a The two parties negotiate the encryption and authentication algorithms to use in the IKE SAs The two parties authenticate each other using a predetermined mechanism such as preshared keys or digital certificates A shared master key is generated by the Diffie Hellman Public key algorithm within the IKE framework for the two parties The master key is also used in the second phase to derive IPSec keys for the SAs 3 IKE Phase II a The two parties negotiate the encryption and authentication algorithms to use in the IPSec SAs The master key is used to derive the IPSec keys for the SAs Once the SA keys are created and exchanged the IPSec SAs are ready to protect user data between the two VPN gateways 4 Data transfer Data is transferred between IPSec peers based on the IPSec parameters and keys stored in the SA database 5 IPSec tunnel termination IPSec SAs terminate through deletion or by timing out VPNC IKE Security Parameters It is important to remember that both gateways must have the identical parameters set for the process to work correctly The settings in these TechNote examples follow the examples given for Scenario 1 of the
69. 09 5 MHz 2434 5 MHz 4 2427 MHz 2414 5 MHz 2439 5 MHz 5 2432 MHz 2419 5 MHz 2444 5 MHz 6 2437 MHz 2424 5 MHz 2449 5 MHz 7 2442 MHz 2429 5 MHz 2454 5 MHz 8 2447 MHz 2434 5 MHz 2459 5 MHz 9 2452 MHz 2439 5 MHz 2464 5 MHz 10 2457 MHz 2444 5 MHz 2469 5 MHz 11 2462 MHz 2449 5 MHz 2474 5 MHz 12 2467 MHz 2454 5 MHz 2479 5 MHz 13 2472 MHz 2459 5 MHz 2484 5 MHz Note The available channels supported by the wireless products in various countries are different For example Channels 1 to 11 are supported in the U S and Canada and Channels 1 to 13 are supported in Europe and Australia The preferred channel separation between the channels in neighboring wireless networks is 25 MHz 5 channels This means that you can apply up to three different channels within your wireless network There are only 11 usable wireless channels in the United States It is recommended that you start using channel 1 and grow to use channel 6 and 11 when necessary as these three channels do not overlap WPA Wireless Security Wi Fi Protected Access WPA is a specification of standards based interoperable security enhancements that increase the level of data protection and access control for existing and future wireless LAN systems D 8 Wireless Networking Basics Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G The IEEE introduced the WEP as an optional security measure to secure 802 11b Wi Fi WLANs but inherent
70. 3 1 th y CJ I iding NETGEAR PCs ProSafe VPN Client Figure 8 3 Client to Gateway VPN Tunnel Step 1 Configuring the Client to Gateway VPN Tunnel on the DG834G Note This section uses the VPN Wizard to set up the VPN tunnel using the VPNC default parameters listed in Table 8 2 on page 8 5 If you have special requirements not covered by these VPNC recommended parameters refer to How to Set Up VPN Tunnels in Special Circumstances on page 8 35 to set up the VPN tunnel Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 7 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G The worksheet below identifies the parameters used in the following procedure A blank worksheet is at Planning a VPN on page 8 3 Table 8 3 VPN Tunnel Configuration Worksheet Connection Name Pre Shared Key Secure Association Main Mode or Manual Keys Perfect Forward Secrecy Enabled or Disabled NETBIOS Enabled or Disabled Encryption Protocol DES or 3DES Authentication Protocol MD5 or SHA 1 Diffie Hellman DH Group Group 1 or Group 2 Key Life in seconds IKE Life Time in seconds RoadWarrior 12345678 Main Disabled Enabled 3DES SHA 1 Group 2 28800 8 hours 3600 1 hour FQDN or Gateway IP VPN Endpoint Local IPSec ID LAN IP Address Subnet Mask WAN IP Address Client toDG834 Dynamic DG834G to
71. 36 when the VPN Wizard and its VPNC defaults see Table 8 2 on page 8 5 are not appropriate for your special circumstances but you want to automate the Internet Key Exchange IKE setup See Using Manual Policy to Configure VPN Tunnels on page 8 48 when the VPN Wizard and its VPNC defaults see Table 8 2 on page 8 5 are not appropriate for your special circumstances and you must specify each phase of the connection You manually enter all the authentication and key parameters You have more control over the process however the process is more complex and there are more opportunities for errors or configuration mismatches between your DG834G and the corresponding VPN endpoint gateway or client workstation How to Set Up a Client to Gateway VPN Configuration Setting up a VPN between a remote PC running the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client and a network gateway see Figure 8 3 involves the following two steps Step 1 Configuring the Client to Gateway VPN Tunnel on the DG834G on page 8 7 uses the VPN Wizard to configure the VPN tunnel between the remote PC and network gateway Step 2 Configuring the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client on the Remote PC on page 8 12 configures the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client endpoint 8 6 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G VPN Tunnel 22 23 24 25 0 0 0 0 DG834G i l 192 168
72. 55 255 0 in the Mask field as the LAN Subnet Mask of the DG834G e Select All in the Protocol menu to allow all traffic through the VPN tunnel e Select the Connect using Secure Gateway Tunnel check box e Select IP Address in the ID Type menu below the check box e Enter the public WAN IP Address of the DG834G in the field directly below the ID Type menu In this example 22 23 24 25 would be used e The resulting Connection Settings are shown in Figure 8 10 3 Configure the Security Policy in the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client software e Inthe Network Security Policy list expand the new connection by double clicking its name or clicking on the symbol My Identity and Security Policy subheadings appear below the connection name e Click on the Security Policy subheading to show the Security Policy menu S Security Policy Editor NETGEAR ProSafe PN Client _ E oix Eile Edit Options Help alexa 14 NETGEAR S Network Security Policy J My Connections FG toDG834 G My Identity a Security Policy r Security Policy Select Phase 1 Negotiation Mode Main Mode Gasa Security Policy Qs Other Connections C Aggressive Mode Use Manual Key T Enable Perfect Forward Secrecy PFS IV Enable Replay Detection Figure 8 11 Security Policy Editor Security Policy e Select the Main Mode in the Select Phase 1 Negotiation Mode check box 4 Configure the VPN Client Identity In this step you will provide i
73. 68 0 1 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 Reply from 192 168 0 1 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 Reply from 192 168 0 1 bytes 32 time ims TTL 64 Figure F 24 Ping test results Once the connection is established you can open the browser of the PC and enter the LAN IP address of the VPN router After a short wait you should see the login screen of the VPN router unless another PC already has the VPN router management interface open Note You can use the VPN router diagnostic utilities to test the VPN connection from the VPN router to the client PC Run ping tests from the Diagnostics link of the VPN router main menu Monitoring the VPN Tunnel Telecommuter Example Viewing the PC Client s Connection Monitor and Log Viewer To view information on the progress and status of the VPN client connection open the DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router Log Viewer 1 To launch this function click on the Windows Start button then select Programs then DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router then Log Viewer NETGEAR VPN Configuration F 25 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Note Use the active VPN tunnel information and pings to determine whether a failed gt connection is due to the VPN tunnel or some reason outside the VPN tunnel 2 The Connection Monitor screen is shown below NERT Monitor NETGEAR ProSafe PN Client Global Statistics Non Secure
74. 802 11 WPA information element that contains the wireless AP s security configuration encryption algorithms and wireless security configuration information e The WPA two phase authentication Open system then 802 1x EAP with RADIUS or preshared key TKIP e Michael e AES optional To upgrade your wireless access points to support WPA obtain a WPA firmware update from your wireless AP vendor and upload it to your wireless AP Changes to Wireless Network Adapters Wireless networking software in the adapter and possibly in the OS or client application must be updated to support the following The new WPA information element Wireless clients must be able to process the WPA information element and respond with a specific security configuration e The WPA two phase authentication Open system then 802 1x supplicant EAP or preshared key TKIP e Michael e AES optional To upgrade your wireless network adapters to support WPA obtain a WPA update from your wireless network adapter vendor and update the wireless network adapter driver For Windows wireless clients you must obtain an updated network adapter driver that supports WPA For wireless network adapter drivers that are compatible with Windows XP Service Pack 1 and Windows Server 2003 the updated network adapter driver must be able to pass the adapter s WPA capabilities and security configuration to the Wireless Zero Configuration service Microsoft has wor
75. AR Inc wireless Wi Fi certified products will support the WPA standard NETGEAR Inc wireless products that had their Wi Fi certification approved before August 2003 will have one year to add WPA so as to maintain their Wi Fi certification WPA requires software changes to the following e Wireless access points e Wireless network adapters e Wireless client programs Supporting a Mixture of WPA and WEP Wireless Clients is Discouraged To support the gradual transition of WEP based wireless networks to WPA a wireless AP can support both WEP and WPA clients at the same time During the association the wireless AP determines which clients use WEP and which clients use WPA The disadvantage to supporting a mixture of WEP and WPA clients is that the global encryption key is not dynamic This is because WEP based clients cannot support it All other benefits to the WPA clients such as integrity are maintained However a mixed mode supporting WPA and non WPA clients would offer network security that is no better than that obtained with a non WPA network and thus this mode of operation is discouraged Changes to Wireless Access Points Wireless access points must have their firmware updated to support the following D 16 Wireless Networking Basics Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e The new WPA information element To advertise their support of WPA wireless APs send the beacon frame with a new
76. Access the Web site of one of the dynamic DNS service providers whose names appear in the Service Provider box and register for an account For example for dyndns org go to www dyndns org 4 Select the Use a dynamic DNS service check box 5 Select the name of your dynamic DNS Service Provider 6 Type the Host Name that your dynamic DNS service provider gave you The dynamic DNS service provider may call this the domain name If your URL is myName dyndns org then your Host Name is myName 7 8 Advanced Configuration 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 7 Type the User Name for your dynamic DNS account 8 Type the Password or key for your dynamic DNS account 9 If your dynamic DNS provider allows the use of wildcards in resolving your URL you can select the Use wildcards check box to activate this feature For example the wildcard feature will cause yourhost dyndns org to be aliased to the same IP address as yourhost dyndns org 10 Click Apply to save your configuration Note If your ISP assigns a private WAN IP address such as 192 168 x x or 10 x x x the J dynamic DNS service will not work because private addresses will not be routed on the Internet Using Static Routes Static Routes provide additional routing information to your router Under normal circumstances the router has adequate routing information after it
77. Client 192 168 3 1 255 255 255 0 22 23 24 25 Follow this procedure to configure a client to gateway VPN tunnel using the VPN Wizard 1 Log in to the DG834G at its LAN address of http 192 168 0 1 with its default user name of admin and password of password Click the VPN Wizard link in the main menu to display this screen Click Next to proceed 8 8 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G VPN Wizard The Wizard sets most parameters to defaults as proposed by the YPN Consortium VPNC and assumes a pre shared key greatly simplifies setup After creating the policies through VPN Wizard you can always update the parameters through VPN Settings link on the left menu Figure 8 4 VPN Wizard Start Screen 2 Fill in the Connection Name and the pre shared key select the type of target end point and click Next to proceed Note The Connection Name is arbitrary and not relevant to how the configuration functions Enter the new Connection Name e g Road Warrior VPN Wizard Step 1 of 3 Connection Name and Remote IP Type Conheci Nam S al Enter the pre shared key shared key e g 12345678 This VPN tunnel A remote VPN Gateway willconnectto A remote VPN client single PC Select the radio button A remote VPN client single PC Back Next Cancel Figure 8 5 Con
78. Connection To check the VPN Connection you can initiate a request from the remote PC to the DG834G s network by using the Connect option in the NETGEAR ProSafe menu bar The NETGEAR ProSafe client will report the results of the attempt to connect Since the remote PC has a dynamically assigned WAN IP address it must initiate the request To perform a ping test using our example start from the remote PC a Establish an Internet connection from the PC b On the Windows taskbar click the Start button and then click Run c Type ping t 192 168 3 1 and then click OK Type the name of a program Folder document or Internet resource and Windows will open it for you Open ping 192 168 0 1 v Figure 8 16 Running a Ping test to the LAN from the PC This will cause a continuous ping to be sent to the first DG834G After between several seconds and two minutes the ping response should change from timed out to reply Pinging 192 168 0 1 with 32 bytes of dat Reply from 192 168 0 1 bytes 32 time lt i1 Reply from 192 168 0 1 bytes 32 time lt i1 Reply from 192 168 0 1 bytes 32 time 1 Figure 8 17 Ping test results Once the connection is established you can open the browser of the PC and enter the LAN IP address of the remote DG834G After a short wait you should see the login screen of the Router unless another PC already has the DG834G management interface open 8 18 Virtual Private Network
79. EEE 802 11g wireless communication standard Choose the encryption strength from the drop down list Disable No encryption will be applied This setting is useful for troubleshooting your wireless connection but leaves your wireless data fully exposed 64 or 128 bit WEP When 64 Bit WEP or 128 Bit WEP is selected WEP encryption will be applied If WEP is enabled you can manually or automatically program the four data encryption keys These values must be identical on all computers and access points in your network There are two methods for creating WEP encryption keys e Passphrase Enter a word or group of printable characters in the Passphrase box and click the Generate button e Manual 64 bit WEP Enter 10 hexadecimal digits any combination of 0 9 a f or A F 128 bit WEP Enter 26 hexadecimal digits any combination of 0 9 a f or A F Select the radio button for the key you want to make active 4 12 Wireless Configuration Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G How to Configure WEP To configure WEP data encryption follow these steps 1 Log in to the DG834G firewall at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 with its default user name of admin and default password of password or using whatever LAN address and password you have set up 2 Click the Wireless Settings link in the main menu of the DG834G router 3 Go to the Security Encryption portion of the page Se
80. F 15 Security Policy Editor new connection NETGEAR VPN Configuration F 17 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G IN Security Policy Editor NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client File Edit Options Help ial ma ota NETGEAR N Network Security Policy J My Connections Connection Security 5 toDG834G Secure G My Identity I Only Connect Manually C Nonsecure EA Security Policy ee E Authentication Phase 1 2 P Proposal 1 Key Exchange Phase 2 Remote Party Identity and Addressing 4 Proposal 1 gt ID Type IP Qy Other Connections p Sae Subnet 192 168 0 1 Mask 255 255 255 0 Protocol Al v Pot IV Connect using Secure Gateway Tunnel v v 1D Type Domain Name x Gateway Hostname fromDG834G com ntgrdyndns org Figure F 16 Security Policy Editor Connection settings c Select Secure in the Connection Security check box d Select IP Subnet in the ID Type menu e In this example type 192 168 0 1 in the Subnet field as the network address of the DG834G f Enter 255 255 255 0 in the Mask field as the LAN Subnet Mask of the DG834G Select All in the Protocol menu to allow all traffic through the VPN tunnel Select the Connect using Secure Gateway Tunnel check box i Select Domain Name in the ID Type menu below the check box and enter fromDG834G com in this example j Select
81. Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Remote LAN This identifies which PCs on the remote LAN are covered by this policy For each selection data must be provided as follows e Single PC no Subnet select this option if there is no LAN only a single PC at the remote endpoint If this option is selected no additional data is required The typical application is a PC running the VPN client at the remote end e Single address Enter an IP address in the Single Start IP address field This must be an address on the remote LAN Typically this setting is used when you wish to access a server on the remote LAN e Range address enter the starting IP address in the Single Start IP address field and the finish IP address in the Finish IP address field This must be an address range used on the remote LAN e Subnet address enter an IP address in the Single Start IP address field and the desired network mask in the Subnet Mask field The remote VPN endpoint must have these IP addresses entered as its Local addresses IKE Direction Type this setting is used when determining if the IKE policy matches the current traffic Select the desired option e Responder only incoming connections are allowed but outgoing connections will be blocked e Initiator and Responder both incoming and outgoing connections are allowed Exchange Mode ensure the r
82. For each unique value of the network portion of the address the base address of the range host address of all zeros is known as the network address and is not usually assigned to a host Also the top address of the range host address of all ones is not assigned but is used as the broadcast address for simultaneously sending a packet to all hosts with the same network address Netmask In each of the address classes previously described the size of the two parts network address and host address is implied by the class This partitioning scheme can also be expressed by a netmask associated with the IP address A netmask is a 32 bit quantity that when logically combined using an AND operator with an IP address yields the network address For instance the netmasks for Class A B and C addresses are 255 0 0 0 255 255 0 0 and 255 255 255 0 respectively For example the address 192 168 170 237 is a Class C IP address whose network portion is the upper 24 bits When combined using an AND operator with the Class C netmask as shown here only the network portion of the address remains 11000000 10101000 10101010 11101101 192 168 170 237 combined with 11111111 11111111 3211111111 00000000 255 255 255 0 Equals 11000000 10101000 10101010 00000000 192 168 170 0 As a shorter alternative to dotted decimal notation the netmask may also be expressed in terms of the number of ones from the left This number is appended to the I
83. G834G The DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router will report the results of the attempt to connect Once the connection is established you can access resources of the network connected to the VPN router Security Policy Editor Certificate Manager Deactivate Security Policy Reload Security Policy p Remove Icon Right mouse click on Log Viewer the system tray icon Connection Monitor to open the popup Disconnect My Connections toDG834G Connect Help About NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Clie A ALEKO 12190m u Sf Figure F 22 Connecting the PC the DG834G over the VPN tunnel To perform a ping test using our example start from the remote PC a Establish an Internet connection from the PC b On the Windows taskbar click the Start button and then click Run F 24 NETGEAR VPN Configuration 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G c Type ping t 192 168 0 1 and then click OK Type the name of a program folder document or Internet resource and Windows will open it for you Open ping 192 168 0 1 Cancel Browse Figure F 23 Running a ping test to the LAN from the PC This will cause a continuous ping to be sent to the VPN router After between several seconds and two minutes the ping response should change from timed out to reply C gt ping 192 168 0 1 Pinging 192 168 0 1 with 32 bytes of data Reply from 192 1
84. Gateway Hostname and enter ntgr dyndns org in this example k The resulting Connection Settings are shown in Figure F 16 3 Configure the Security Policy in the DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router software a Inthe Network Security Policy list expand the new connection by double clicking its name or clicking on the symbol My Identity and Security Policy subheadings appear below the connection name F 18 NETGEAR VPN Configuration 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G b Click on the Security Policy subheading to show the Security Policy menu IN Security Policy Editor NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client File Edit Options Help a NETGEAR N Network Security Policy My Connections Security Policy 7 amp 8 is i Select Phase 1 Negotiation Mode y Identity G gt amp Securty Policy a oii 3 Authentication Phase 1 C Aggressive Mode 4 Proposal 1 C Meni Ss Key Exchange Phase 2 Uso Manual Keys B Proposal 1 b Other Connections Enable Perfect Forward Secrecy PFS z I Enable Replay Detection Figure F 17 Security Policy Editor security policy c Select the Main Mode in the Select Phase 1 Negotiation Mode check box 4 Configure the VPN Client Identity In this step you will provide information about the remote VPN client PC You will need to provide The Pre Shared Key that you configured in the DG834G Either a fixed IP addr
85. ID IP Address 192 168 0 2 Subnet mask 255 255 255 0 Router address 192 168 0 1 Search domains Name server addr 192 168 0 1 The panel is updated to show your settings which should match the values below if you are using the default TCP IP settings that NETGEAR recommends e The IP Address is between 192 168 0 2 and 192 168 0 254 e The Subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 e The Router address is 192 168 0 1 If you do not see these values you may need to restart your Macintosh or you may need to switch the Configure setting to a different option then back again to Using DHCP Server Preparing Your Network C 17 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Verifying the Readiness of Your Internet Account For broadband access to the Internet you need to contract with an Internet service provider ISP for a single user Internet access account using a cable modem or DSL modem This modem must be a separate physical box not a card and must provide an Ethernet port intended for connection to a Network Interface Card NIC in a computer Your router does not support a USB connected broadband modem For a single user Internet account your ISP supplies TCP IP configuration information for one computer With a typical account much of the configuration information is dynamically assigned when your PC is first booted up while connected to the
86. In this configuration network packets are directly sent and received by the intended transmitting and receiving stations As long as the stations are within range of one another this is the easiest and least expensive way to set up a wireless network Network Name Extended Service Set Identification ESSID The Extended Service Set Identification ESSID is one of two types of Service Set Identification SSID In an ad hoc wireless network with no access points the Basic Service Set Identification BSSID is used In an infrastructure wireless network that includes an access point the ESSID is used but may still be referred to as SSID An SSID is a thirty two character maximum alphanumeric key identifying the name of the wireless local area network Some vendors refer to the SSID as network name For the wireless devices in a network to communicate with each other all devices must be configured with the same SSID The ESSID is usually broadcast in the air from an access point The wireless station sometimes can be configured with the ESSID ANY This means the wireless station will try to associate with whichever access point has the stronger radio frequency RF signal providing that both the access point and wireless station use Open System authentication Authentication and WEP Data Encryption The absence of a physical connection between nodes makes the wireless links vulnerable to eavesdropping and information theft To provide a
87. KIP to provide important data encryption enhancements including a per packet key mixing function a message integrity check MIC named Michael an extended initialization vector IV with sequencing rules and a re keying mechanism TKIP also provides for the following e The verification of the security configuration after the encryption keys are determined e The synchronized changing of the unicast encryption key for each frame e The determination of a unique starting unicast encryption key for each preshared key authentication Michael With 802 11 and WEP data integrity is provided by a 32 bit integrity check value ICV that is appended to the 802 11 payload and encrypted with WEP Although the ICV is encrypted you can use cryptanalysis to change bits in the encrypted payload and update the encrypted ICV without being detected by the receiver With WPA a method known as Michael specifies a new algorithm that calculates an 8 byte message integrity check MIC using the calculation facilities available on existing wireless devices The MIC is placed between the data portion of the IEEE 802 11 frame and the 4 byte ICV The MIC field is encrypted together with the frame data and the ICV Michael also provides replay protection A new frame counter in the IEEE 802 11 frame is used to prevent replay attacks Optional AES Support to be Phased In One of the encryption methods supported by WPA besides TKIP is the advanced encryption sta
88. LAN e Subnet address enter an IP address in the Single Start IP address field and the desired network mask in the Subnet Mask field The remote VPN endpoint must have these IP addresses entered as its Local addresses ESP Configuration ESP Encapsulating Security Payload provides security for the payload data sent through the VPN tunnel SPI enter the required security policy indexes SPIs Each policy must have unique SPIs These settings must match the remote VPN endpoint The in setting here must match the out setting on the remote VPN endpoint and the out setting here must match the in setting on the remote VPN endpoint Encryption select the desired Encryption Algorithm and enter the key in the field provided For 3DES the keys should be 24 ASCII characters and for DES the keys should be 8 ASCII characters e DES the Data Encryption Standard DES processes input data that is 64 bits wide encrypting these values using a 56 bit key Faster but less secure than 3DES e 3DES Triple DES achieves a higher level of security by encrypting the data three times using DES with three different unrelated keys Authentication select the desired SHA 1 or MD5 Authentication Algorithm and enter the key in the field provided For MDS the keys should be 16 ASCII characters For SHA 1 the keys should be 20 ASCII characters e MD5 128 bits faster but less secure e SHA 1 default 160 bits slower but
89. LAN Inbound Default rule match These entries show an inbound FTP port 21 packet User Datagram Protocol UDP packet port 6970 and Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP packet port 0 being dropped as a result of the default inbound rule which states that all inbound packets are denied 6 12 Managing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Enabling Security Event E mail Notification In order to receive logs and alerts by e mail you must provide your e mail information in the E mail subheading E mail C Turn E mail Notification On Sond Logs According to this Schedule Hourly v Day Figure 6 9 E mail menu e Turn e mail notification on Select this check box if you want to receive e mail logs and alerts from the router e Send alerts and logs via email Enter the name or IP address of your ISP s outgoing SMTP mail server such as mail myISP com You may be able to find this information in the configuration menu of your e mail program Enter the e mail address to which logs and alerts are sent This e mail address will also be used as the From address If you leave this box blank log and alert messages will not be sent via e mail e Send alert immediately Select the corresponding check box if you would like immediate notification of a significant security event such as a known attack port scan or attempted acc
90. LAN port of the router IP Address This field displays the IP address being used by the Local LAN port of the router The default is 192 168 0 1 DHCP If OFF the router will not assign IP addresses to PCs on the LAN If ON the router will assign IP addresses to PCs on the LAN IP Subnet Mask This field displays the IP Subnet Mask being used by the Local LAN port of the router The default is 255 255 255 0 Modem These parameters apply to the Local WAN port of the router ADSL Firmware Version The version of the firmware Modem Status The connection status of the modem Downstream Speed The speed at which the modem is receiving data from the ADSL line Upstream Speed The speed at which the modem is transmitting data to the ADSL line VPI The Virtual Path Identifier setting VCI The Virtual Channel Identifier setting Click the Show Statistics button to display router usage statistics as shown in Figure 6 3 below Managing Your Network 6 5 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G System Up Time 22 51 11 Port Status TxPkts RxPkts Collisions Tx B s Rx Bis Up Time WAN ADSL 105159 179491 0 0 0 22 51 11 LAN 1O0MMO0OM 236651 249474 D 12 12 22 51 11 Poll Interval 5 Set Interval Sto secs p Figure 6 4 Router Statistics screen This screen shows the following statistics Table 6 1 Router Statistics Fields Field Description WAN LAN or The
91. N Adapter or the IPSec Component or both The VPN Adapter is not necessary d The system should show the ProSafe icon SS in the system tray after rebooting e Double click the system tray icon to open the Security Policy Editor 2 Add anew connection a Run the NETGEAR ProSafe Security Policy Editor program and create a VPN Connection b From the Edit menu of the Security Policy Editor click Add then Connection A New Connection listing appears in the list of policies Rename the New Connection so that it matches the Connection Name you entered in the VPN Settings of the DG834G on Gateway A Note In this example the Connection Name used on the client side of the VPN tunnel is toDG834G and it does not have to match the VPN_client Connection Name used on the gateway side of the VPN tunnel see Figure F 16 because Connection Names are arbitrary to how the VPN tunnel functions Tip Choose Connection Names that make sense to the people using and administrating the VPN SI security Policy Editor NETGEAR ProSafe PN Client Ox Eile Edit Options Help alexa tlel NETGEAR S Network Security Policy J My Connections r Connection Security New Connection Secure z8 Qy Other Connections Cihoe aS IT Only Connect Manually Block Remote Party Identity and Addressing ID Type Any v IP Address any ID foaoo Protocol All v Pot Tunnel 7 I Connect using Secure Gateway Figure
92. Note Disabling NAT will reboot the router and reset all the DG834G configuration settings to the factory default Disable NAT only if you plan to install the DG834G in a setting where you will be manually administering the IP address space on the LAN side of the router 3 18 Connecting the Router to the Internet 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Router MAC Address This section determines the Ethernet MAC address that will be used by the router on the Internet port Some ISPs will register the Ethernet MAC address of the network interface card in your computer when your account is first opened They will then only accept traffic from the MAC address of that computer This feature allows your router to masquerade as that computer by cloning its MAC address To change the MAC address select Use this Computer s MAC address The router will then capture and use the MAC address of the computer that you are now using You must be using the one computer that is allowed by the ISP Alternatively select Use this MAC address and enter it Click Apply to save your settings Click the Test button to test your Internet connection If the NETGEAR Web site does not appear within one minute refer to Chapter 9 Troubleshooting ADSL Settings The default settings of your DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router will work fine for most ISPs However some ISPs use a
93. P address following a backward slash as n In the example the address could be written as 192 168 170 237 24 indicating that the netmask is 24 ones followed by 8 zeros Subnet Addressing By looking at the addressing structures you can see that even with a Class C address there are a large number of hosts per network Such a structure is an inefficient use of addresses if each end of a routed link requires a different network number It is unlikely that the smaller office LANs would have that many devices You can resolve this problem by using a technique known as subnet addressing B 4 Network and Routing Basics 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Subnet addressing allows us to split one IP network address into smaller multiple physical networks known as subnetworks Some of the node numbers are used as a subnet number instead A Class B address gives us 16 bits of node numbers translating to 64 000 nodes Most organizations do not use 64 000 nodes so there are free bits that can be reassigned Subnet addressing makes use of those bits that are free as shown below Th Network Subnet Node Class B Figure 9 2 Example of Subnetting a Class B Address A Class B address can be effectively translated into multiple Class C addresses For example the IP address of 172 16 0 0 is assigned but node addresses are limited to 255 maximum allowing eigh
94. P gave you one or two DNS addresses Type the primary and secondary addresses You should only disable NAT if you are sure you do not require it NAT automatically assigns private IP addresses 192 168 0 x to LAN connected devices When NAT is disabled only standard routing is performed by this router Classical routing lets you directly manage the IP addresses the DG834G uses Classical routing should be selected only by experienced users Note Disabling NAT will reboot the router and reset all the DG834G configuration settings to the factory default Disable NAT only if you plan to install the DG834G in a setting where you will be manually administering the IP address space on the LAN side of the router Connecting the Router to the Internet 3 17 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Internet Connection Does Note Require A Login 1 If your Internet connection does not require a login select No and fill in the settings according to the instructions below Enter your Account Name may also be called Host Name and Domain Name These parameters may be necessary to access your ISP s mail or news servers Internet IP Address e Select Get Dynamically from ISP if your ISP uses DHCP to assign your IP address Your ISP will automatically assign these addresses e Select Use Static IP Address if your ISP has assigned you a permanent fixed static IP address E
95. PPPoA e Classical IP over ATM RFC1577 e Fixed IP address assignment Next the Setup Wizard will report which connection type it has discovered and then display the appropriate configuration page If the Setup Wizard finds no connection you will be prompted to check the physical connection between your router and the ADSL line When the connection is properly made the router s Internet LED should be on 5 The ADSL settings for the multiplexing method and VPI VCI will update with the preset defaults The multiplexing method preset default settings will usually work Only change the multiplexing method if you are sure your ISP requires Virtual Path Identifier VPI or Virtual Channel Identifier VCI settings that are different from the default values Incorrect VPI or VCI settings will prevent you from connecting to the Internet To change these settings click the ADSL Settings link on the main menu See ADSL Settings on page 3 19 for more details The procedures for filling in the configuration page for each type of connection follow below Wizard Detected PPPoE Login Account Setup If the Setup Wizard determines that your Internet service account uses a login protocol such as PPP over Ethernet PPPoE you will be directed to the PPPoE page shown in Figure 3 10 3 10 Connecting the Router to the Internet 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G PPPoE Login
96. Rules menu Protecting Your Network 5 5 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e To edit an existing rule select its button on the left side of the table and click Edit e To delete an existing rule select its button on the left side of the table and click Delete e To move an existing rule to a different position in the table select its button on the left side of the table and click Move At the script prompt enter the number of the desired new position and click OK Inbound Rules Port Forwarding Because the DG834G uses Network Address Translation NAT your network presents only one IP address to the Internet and outside users cannot directly address any of your local computers However by defining an inbound rule you can make a local server for example a Web server or game server visible and available to the Internet The rule tells the router to direct inbound traffic for a particular service to one local server based on the destination port number This is also known as port forwarding Note Some residential broadband ISP accounts do not allow you to run any server E processes such as a Web or FTP server from your location Your ISP may periodically check for servers and may suspend your account if it discovers any active services at your location If you are unsure refer to the Acceptable Use Policy of your ISP Remember that allowing inbound services
97. T A Inbound Rule Example Allowing Pra ore 5 8 Considerations ial sund Rules a a Soden Rule Samant one Instant Messenger ceseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee D 9 Ornier oi Precedence tor Rules asserted dacesnticeien etude ad How to Define Services dis laine oasis E Setting Times and Scheduling Firewall P PAE EE E EEA A A ela How to Sel Your Time ZONE sasessccnvcssciesraduscesssnatorsidearusersencsiouseneasinndasdeisenastessenauneuw VO How to Schedule Firewall Services 0 ccisccstccessscssesecatensneccsscnsenseessascnscesesseeunenesacne D14 Chapter 6 Managing Your Network Backing Up Restoring or Erasing Your Settings sissiuirsisiciissiinisssin How to Back Up the Configuration to a File How to Restore the Configuration from a File 6 Howto Erase th Configurator ssc ec csc cascode ceanks scecaainnscccagantelaadeaseedatedccetisdscesieers PH Upgrading the Router s Firmware ccccccesesesceseeeseeeeeseeceaeeeeseaeeneesaeeeeeseatenessatenetee ss O72 How to Upgrade the Router Firmware jesicciinesceccccscsounsisannssicncnecserseacnnessdiananrossecceaene 7B Network Management Information A aai ae a 4 Viewing Router Status and Usage Statistics saan Gbatrcnaditgutsincer gieieseetia tee uGieneoeene Viewing Attached Devices m A E T siiieeidczonte Viewing Selecting and Saving er hana E ETA T EN ys Selecting What Information to Log 6 Saving Log Fileson a GENET criias aa ON Conten
98. about address assignment refer to the IETF documents RFC 1597 Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466 Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space For more information about IP address translation refer to RFC 1631 The IP Network Address Translator NAT Domain Name Server Many of the resources on the Internet can be addressed by simple descriptive names such as www NETGEAR com This addressing is very helpful at the application level but the descriptive name must be translated to an IP address in order for a user to actually contact the resource Just as a telephone directory maps names to phone numbers or as an ARP table maps IP addresses to MAC addresses a domain name system DNS server maps descriptive names of network resources to IP addresses When a PC accesses a resource by its descriptive name it first contacts a DNS server to obtain the IP address of the resource The PC sends the desired message using the IP address Many large organizations such as ISPs maintain their own DNS servers and allow their customers to use the servers to look up addresses IP Configuration by DHCP When an IP based local area network is installed each PC must be configured with an IP address If the PCs need to access the Internet they should also be configured with a gateway address and one or more DNS server addresses As an alternative to manual configuration there is a method by which each PC on the network can automatica
99. address This can be done in the Basic Settings menu Refer to Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection on page 3 14 Troubleshooting PPPoE or PPPoA The PPPoA or PPPoA connection can be debugged as follows 1 Access the Main Menu of the router at hitp 192 168 0 1 2 Under the Maintenance heading select the Router Status link 3 Click the Connection Status button 4 If all of the steps indicate OK then your PPPoE or PPPoA connection is up and working 5 If any of the steps indicates Failed you can attempt to reconnect by clicking Connect The router will continue to attempt to connect indefinitely If you cannot connect after several minutes you may be using an incorrect Service Name User Name or Password There also may be a provisioning problem with your ISP Note Unless you connect manually the router will not authenticate using PPPoE or gt PPPoA until data is transmitted to the network Troubleshooting Internet Browsing If your router can obtain an IP address but your computer is unable to load any Web pages from the Internet e Your computer may not recognize any DNS server addresses 9 6 Troubleshooting 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G A DNS server is a host on the Internet that translates Internet names such as www addresses to numeric IP addresses Typically your ISP will provide the addresses of
100. address automatically C Use the following IP address e Verify that IP asthe a Subnet mask e Obtain an IP address automatically is eee selected Obtain DNS server address automatically bd Obtain DNS server address mO Use the following DNS server addresses automatically is selected Prefered DNS server Altemate DNS server _ e Click OK to return to Local Area Connection Properties Advanced F Local Area Connection Properties 2x General Connect using e Click OK qgan to complete the a 3Com EtherLink XL 10 100 PCI NIC 3C905 Tx configuration process for Windows 2000 Restart th e PC Components checked are used by this connection M E Client for Microsoft Networks x o File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks Repeat these steps for each PC with this version AF Intemet Protocol TCP IP k of Windows on your network Install Uninstall Properties Description Allows other computers to access resources on your computer using a Microsoft network J Show icon in taskbar when connected OK Cancel C 12 Preparing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows NT4 Once you have installed the network card you need to configure the TCP IP environment for Windows NT 4 0 Follow this procedure to config
101. aging Your Network Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table 6 1 Security Log entry descriptions Field Date and Time Description or Action Description The date and time the log entry was recorded The type of event and what action was taken if any Source IP The IP address of the initiating device for this log entry Source port and interface The service port number of the initiating device and whether it originated from the LAN or WAN Destination The name or IP address of the destination device or Web site Destination port and interface The service port number of the destination device and whether it s on the LAN or WAN Log action buttons are described in Table 6 2 below Table 6 2 Security Log action buttons Field Description Refresh Refresh the log screen Clear Log Clear the log entries Send Log Email the log immediately Apply Apply the current settings Cancel Clear the current settings Selecting What Information to Log Besides the standard information listed above you can choose to log additional information Those optional selections are as follows e Attempted access to blocked site e Connections to the Web based interface of the router e Router operation start up get time etc Known DoS attacks and Port Scans Managing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for
102. andards based wireless networking at up to 54 Mbps e Works with both 802 11g and 802 11b wireless devices e 64 bit and 128 bit WEP encryption security e WEP keys can be entered manually or generated by passphrase 2 2 Introduction 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Support for Wi Fi Protected Access Pre Shared Key WPA PSK encryption and 802 1x authentication Wireless access can be restricted by MAC address Easy Installation and Management You can install configure and operate the DG834G within minutes after connecting it to the network The following features simplify installation and management tasks Browser based management Browser based configuration allows you to easily configure your router from almost any type of personal computer such as Windows Macintosh or Linux A user friendly Setup Wizard is provided and online help documentation is built into the browser based Web Management Interface Smart Wizard The router automatically senses the type of Internet connection asking you only for the information required for your type of ISP account Remote management The router allows you to log in to the Web management interface from a remote location via the Internet For security you can limit remote management access to a specified remote IP address or range of addresses and you can choose a nonstandard port number Diagnostic functions The router in
103. arameters of the VPN you want to set up along with the VPN Committee VPNC recommended default parameters set by the VPN Wizard e VPN Tunnel Configuration on page 8 6 summarizes the three ways to configure a VPN tunnel VPN Wizard recommended for most situations Auto Policy and Manual Policy e How to Set Up a Client to Gateway VPN Configuration on page 8 6 provides the steps needed to configure a VPN tunnel between a remote PC and a network gateway using the VPN Wizard and the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client e How to Set Up a Gateway to Gateway VPN Configuration on page 8 20 provides the steps needed to configure a VPN tunnel between two network gateways using the VPN Wizard e VPN Tunnel Control on page 8 27 provides the step by step procedures for activating verifying deactivating and deleting a VPN tunnel once the VPN tunnel has been configured e How to Set Up VPN Tunnels in Special Circumstances on page 8 35 provides the steps needed to configure VPN tunnels when there are special circumstances and the VPNC recommended defaults of the VPN Wizard are inappropriate The two alternatives for configuring VPN tunnels are Auto Policy and Manual Policy Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 1 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Overview of VPN Configuration Two common scenarios for configuring VPN tunnels are between a remote perso
104. association SA between the two VPN endpoints When planning your VPN you must make a few choices first e Will the local end be any device on the LAN a portion of the local network as defined by a subnet or by a range of IP addresses or a single PC e Will the remote end be any device on the remote LAN a portion of the remote network as defined by a subnet or by a range of IP addresses or a single PC e Will either endpoint use Fully Qualified Domain Names FQDNs FQDNs supplied by Dynamic DNS providers see The Use of a Fully Qualified Domain Name FQDN on page F 7 can allow a VPN endpoint with a dynamic IP address to initiate or respond to a tunnel request Otherwise the side using a dynamic IP address must always be the initiator 8 4 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e What method will you use to configure your VPN tunnels The VPN Wizard using VPNC defaults see Table 8 2 The typical automated Internet Key Exchange IKE setup see Using Auto Policy to Configure VPN Tunnels on page 8 36 A Manual Keying setup in which you must specify each phase of the connection see Using Manual Policy to Configure VPN Tunnels on page 8 48 Table 8 2 Parameters Recommended by the VPNC and Used in the VPN Wizard Parameter Factory Default Secure Association Main Mode Authentication M
105. astructure Mode With a wireless Access Point you can operate the wireless LAN in the infrastructure mode This mode provides wireless connectivity to multiple wireless network devices within a fixed range or area of coverage interacting with wireless nodes via an antenna In the infrastructure mode the wireless access point converts airwave data into wired Ethernet data acting as a bridge between the wired LAN and wireless clients Connecting multiple Access Points via a wired Ethernet backbone can further extend the wireless network coverage As a mobile computing device moves out of the range of one access point it moves into the range of another As a result wireless clients can freely roam from one Access Point domain to another and still maintain seamless network connection Wireless Networking Basics D 1 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Ad Hoc Mode Peer to Peer Workgroup In an ad hoc network computers are brought together as needed thus there is no structure or fixed points to the network each node can generally communicate with any other node There is no Access Point involved in this configuration This mode enables you to quickly set up a small wireless workgroup and allows workgroup members to exchange data or share printers as supported by Microsoft networking in the various Windows operating systems Some vendors also refer to ad hoc networking as peer to peer group networking
106. ata IR Ping IP Address Subnet address x Single Start address Finish address a Y in a N in a qa am AU Subnet Mask 255i Single PC no Subnet z Single Start IP address Finish IP address Subnet Mask OUN JI Jd WU Responder only o Main Mode n a IP Address n a 3DES gt Auto amp _ 3600 Seconds Back Cancel Figure 8 41 DG834G VPN Tunnel Auto Policy Configuration Menu Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 8 37 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G The DG834G VPN tunnel network connection fields are defined as follows General These settings identify this policy and determine its major characteristics Policy Name Enter a unique name to identify this policy This name is not supplied to the remote VPN endpoint It is used only to help you manage the policies Remote VPN Endpoint If the remote endpoint has a dynamic IP address select Dynamic IP address No Address Data input is required You can set up multiple remote dynamic IP policies but only one such policy can be enabled at a time Otherwise select the desired option IP address or Domain Name and enter the address of the remote VPN endpoint to which you wish to connect Note The remote VPN endpoint must have this VPN Gateway s address entered as its Remote VPN Endpoint NETBIOS Enable c
107. ation including IP router and domain name server DNS addresses to attached PCs on the LAN using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP This feature greatly simplifies configuration of PCs on your local network e DNS Proxy When DHCP is enabled and no DNS addresses are specified the router provides its own address as a DNS server to the attached PCs The router obtains actual DNS addresses from the ISP during connection setup and forwards DNS requests from the LAN e Classical IP RFC 1577 Some Internet service providers in Europe for example use Classical IP in their ADSL services In such cases the router is able to use the Classical IP address from the ISP e PPP over Ethernet PPPoE PPP over Ethernet is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over an ADSL connection by simulating a dial up connection This feature eliminates the need to run a login program such as EnterNet or WinPOET on your computer e PPP over ATM PPPoA PPP over ATM is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over an ADSL connection by simulating an ATM connection e Dynamic DNS Dynamic DNS services allow remote users to find your network using a domain name when your IP address is not permanently assigned The router contains a client that can connect to many popular Dynamic DNS services to register your dynamic IP address e Universal Plug and Play UPnP UPnP is a networking architecture that provides compatibility
108. ave poor quality wiring in your house WAN LED Off If the WAN LED is off disconnect all telephones on the line If this solves the problem reconnect the telephones one at a time being careful to use a microfilter on each telephone If the microfilters are connected correctly you should be able to connect all your telephones 9 4 Troubleshooting 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G If disconnecting telephones does not result in a green WAN LED the problem may be one of the following e Check that the telephone company has made the connection to your line and tested it e Verify that you are connected to the correct telephone line If you have more than one phone line be sure that you are connected to the line with the ADSL service It may be necessary to use a swapper if you ADSL signal is on pins 1 and 4 or the RJ 11 jack The DG834G wireless router uses pins 2 and 3 Obtaining a WAN IP Address If your router is unable to access the internet and your WAN LED is green or blinking green you should determine whether the router is able to obtain a WAN IP address from the ISP Unless you have been assigned a static IP address your router must request an IP address from the ISP You can determine whether the request was successful using the browser interface To check the WAN IP address from the browser interface 1 Launch your browser and select an external site such as w
109. ay become the cause of radio interference Read instructions for correct handling Customer Support Refer to the Support Information Card that shipped with your DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router World Wide Web NETGEAR maintains a World Wide Web home page that you can access at the universal resource locator URL http www netgear com A direct connection to the Internet and a Web browser such as Internet Explorer or Netscape are required Product and Publication Details Model Number DG834G Publication Date June 2005 Product Family router Product Name DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router Home or Business Product Business Language English Publication Part Number 202 10006 05 iil 202 10006 05 June 2005 202 10006 05 June 2005 Contents Chapter 1 About This Manual Audience Scope Conventions and Formats cccscccccessssceeeeeescneeeeeessneeeeeeeesneeeeeeeea 1 1 Pee Te Use This Manwal sirsenis eaa aa E maar iOi i 1 2 How DFP S MANTA manaa o o o AEE 1 3 Chapter 2 Introduction About TNS ROUTED sicicseceeiacetantetaicactortedsnadssie iene E E OAE SAAE 2 1 PO PURSE a A 2 1 A Fowerul True Firewall ac cisccccisoicsaunse nvnachanaiiaiaaianstaidaadaeiaaladsaisdeicinasieddeaassinlaseas 2 2 802 11 Standards based Wireless Networking esssssssesssessserssesrsssrnssrnresrnesrresse 2 2 Easy Installation and Management sisscctssccsiccteuass cia sesiasieaseuadnucasietenauunteascugtants 2 3 Frota SUPRE are
110. between networking technologies UPnP compliant routers provide broadband users at home and small businesses with a seamless way to participate in online games videoconferencing and other peer to peer services 2 4 Introduction 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Virtual Private Networking VPN The DG834G wireless router provides a secure encrypted connection between your local area network LAN and remote networks or clients It includes the following VPN features e Supports 8 VPN connections e Supports industry standard VPN protocols The DG834G wireless router supports standard Manual or IKE keying methods standard MD5 and SHA 1 authentication methods and standard DES and 3DES encryption methods It is compatible with many other VPN products e Supports 3DES encryption for maximum security e VPN Wizard based on VPNC recommended settings Content Filtering With its content filtering feature the DG834G prevents objectionable content from reaching your PCs The router allows you to control access to Internet content by screening for keywords within Web addresses You can configure the router to log and report attempts to access objectionable Internet sites Auto Sensing and Auto Uplink LAN Ethernet Connections With its internal 4 port 10 100 switch the DG834G can connect to either a 10 Mbps standard Ethernet network or a 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet network T
111. bliography in Additional Reading on page E 11 E 6 Virtual Private Networking 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G VPN Process Overview Even though IPSec is standards based each vendor has its own set of terms and procedures for implementing the standard Because of these differences it may be a good idea to review some of the terms and the generic processes for connecting two gateways before diving into to the specifics Network Interfaces and Addresses The VPN gateway is aptly named because it functions as a gatekeeper for each of the computers connected on the Local Area Network behind it In most cases each Gateway will have a public facing address WAN side and a private facing address LAN side These addresses are referred to as the network interface in documentation regarding the construction of VPN communication Interface Addressing This Appendix uses example addresses provided the VPN Consortium It is important to understand that you will be using addresses specific to the devices that you are attempting to connect via IPSec VPN 10 5 6 0 24 172 23 9 0 24 VPNC Example Network Interface Addressing Gateway A Gateway B Ae 14 15 16 17 een 22 23 24 25 eea ee 10 5 6 1 WAN IP WAN IP faa 172 23 9 1 DG834G FVL328 Figure E 4 VPNC Example Network Interface Addressing It is also important to make sure the add
112. bnet Mask fields specify that this static route applies to all 134 177 x x addresses The Router IP Address fields specifies that all traffic for these addresses should be forwarded to the ISDN router at 192 168 0 100 A Metric value of 1 will work since the ISDN router is on the LAN This represents the number of routers between your network and the destination This is a direct connection so it is set to 1 Private is selected only as a precautionary security measure in case RIP is activated How to Configure Static Routes 1 Log in to the router at its default LAN address of hittp 192 168 0 1 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever User Name Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router From the Main Menu of the browser interface under Advanced click Static Routes to view the Static Routes menu shown in Figure 7 5 Static Routes Te fictive Name Destination Gateway 1 ves isan 134 177 0 0 f192 168 0 100 J Add Edit Delete Figure 7 5 Static Routes Table 7 10 Advanced Configuration 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 3 To add or edit a Static Route a Click the Edit button to open the Edit Menu shown in Figure 7 6 Static Routes Route Name isdn_rtr M Private M Active Destination IP Address 134 fi77 fo _ IP Subnet Mask 255 255 fo fies fo Gateway IP Address 192
113. c networks IPSec is a VPN method providing a higher level of security than PPTP Internet service provider The main internetworking protocol used in the Internet Used in conjunction with the Transfer Control Protocol TCP to form TCP IP See local area network LAN A communications network serving users within a limited area such as one floor of a building A LAN typically connects multiple personal computers and shared network devices such as storage and printers Although many technologies exist to implement a LAN Ethernet is the most common for connecting personal computers Media Access Control address A unique 48 bit hardware address assigned to every Ethernet node Usually written in the form 01 23 45 67 89 ab Megabits per second In cable wiring the concept of transmit and receive are from the perspective of the computer which is wired as a Media Dependant Interface MDI In MDI wiring a computer transmits on pins and 2 At the hub switch router or access point the perspective is reversed and the hub receives on pins 1 and 2 This wiring is referred to as Media Dependant Interface Crossover MDI X See Most Significant Bit or Most Significant Byte See Maximum Transmission Unit The size in bytes of the largest packet that can be sent or received The portion of a number address or field that is farthest left when written as a single number in conventional hexadecimal ordinary notation The part of th
114. can erase the current configuration and restore factory defaults in two ways e Use the Erase function of the Web Configuration Manager see Backing Up Restoring or Erasing Your Settings on page 6 1 e Use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the router Use this method for cases when the administration password or IP address is not known Using the Reset button To restore the factory default configuration settings without knowing the administration password or IP address you must use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the router 1 Press and hold the Default Reset button until the Test LED turns on about 10 seconds 2 Release the Default Reset button and wait for the router to reboot Problems with Date and Time The E mail menu in the Content Filtering section displays the current date and time of day The DG834G wireless router uses the Network Time Protocol NTP to obtain the current time from one of several Network Time Servers on the Internet Each entry in the log is stamped with the date and time of day Problems with the date and time function can include e Date shown is January 1 2000 Cause The router has not yet successfully reached a Network Time Server Check that your Internet access settings are configured correctly If you have just completed configuring the router wait at least five minutes and check the date and time again e Time is off by one hour Cause The router does not automa
115. changes Figure 8 25 VPN Wizard Summary 8 24 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G To view the VPNC recommended authentication and encryption settings used by the VPN Wizard click the here link see Figure 8 25 Click Back to return to the Summary screen VPN Consortium VPNC Recommendation The following parameters are recommended by the VPNC and used in the YPN Wizard Secure Association Main Mode Authentication Method Pre shared Key Encryption Protocol 3DES Authentication Protocol SHA 1 Key Life 8 hours IKE Life Time 1 hour NETBIOS Enabled Back Figure 8 26 VPN Recommended Settings 5 Click Done on the Summary screen see Figure 8 25 to complete the configuration procedure The VPN Settings menu below displays showing that the new tunnel is enabled VPN Policies Policy Table Te Enable Name Type Local Remote ESP 192 168 017 192 168 317 1 GtoG Auto 255 255 255 0 255 255 255 0 SDES Figure 8 27 VPN Policies Note Refer to Using Auto Policy to Configure VPN Tunnels on page 8 36 to enable the IKE keepalive capability on an existing VPN tunnel Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 25 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 6 Repeat for the DG834G on LAN B and pay special attention to use the
116. ck box Specify what external addresses will be allowed to access the router s remote management For security restrict access to as few external IP addresses as practical e To allow access from any IP address on the Internet select Everyone e To allow access from a range of IP addresses on the Internet select IP address range Enter a beginning and ending IP address to define the allowed range e To allow access from a single IP address on the Internet select Only this Computer Enter the IP address that will be allowed access Specify the Port Number that will be used for accessing the management interface Web browser access normally uses the standard HTTP service port 80 For greater security you can change the remote management Web interface to a custom port by entering that number in the box provided Choose a number between 1024 and 65535 but do not use the number of any common service port The default is 8080 which is a common alternate for HTTP Click Apply to have your changes take effect Managing Your Network 6 15 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G When accessing your router from the Internet you will type your router s WAN IP address in your browser s Address in IE or Location in Netscape box followed by a colon and the custom port number For example if your external address is 134 177 0 123 and you use port number 8080 enter in yo
117. corporates built in diagnostic functions such as Ping DNS lookup and remote reboot These functions allow you to test Internet connectivity and reboot the router You can use these diagnostic functions directly from the DG834G when you are connected on the LAN or when you are connected over the Internet via the remote management function Visual monitoring The router s front panel LEDs provide an easy way to monitor its status and activity Flash erasable programmable read only memory EPROM for firmware upgrades Protocol Support The DG834G supports Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol TCP IP and Routing Information Protocol RIP Appendix B Network and Routing Basics provides further information on TCP IP Introduction 2 3 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e The Ability to Enable or Disable IP Address Sharing by NAT The DG834G allows several networked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP address which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your Internet service provider ISP This technique known as Network Address Translation NAT allows the use of an inexpensive single user ISP account This feature can also be turned off completely while using the DG834G if you want to manage the IP address scheme yourself e Automatic Configuration of Attached PCs by DHCP The DG834G dynamically assigns network configuration inform
118. ct This nullifies wireless network discovery feature of some products such as Windows XP but the data is still exposed e WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP data encryption provides data security WEP Shared Key authentication and WEP data encryption will block all but the most determined eavesdropper e WPA PSK Wi Fi Protected Access WPA data encryption provides data security The very strong authentication along with dynamic per frame re keying of WPA make it virtually impossible to compromise Because this is a new standard wireless device driver and software availability may be limited Understanding Wireless Settings To configure the Wireless interface of your router click the Wireless link in the main menu of the browser interface The Wireless Settings menu will appear as shown below Wireless Configuration 4 3 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Wireless Settings Wireless Network Name SSID NETGEAR Region fEuope x Channel fos Mode g amp b Wireless Access Point M Enable Wireless Access Paint M Allow Broadcast of Name SSID I Wireless Isolation Wireless Station Access List Setup Access List Security Options Disable WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy C WPA PSK vVi Fi Protected Access Pre Shared Key WPA 802 1x WEP Security Encryption Authentication Type Automatic gt Encryption Strength 64bit gt WEP Key Passphrase Gen
119. curity Encryption WEP Authentication Type Open System E Encryption Strength Open System Shared Ke Security Encryption WEP Key Passphrase _ Generate key 1 E18600E9CES20F95AE00B22A Key 2 CoS E Key 3 CoS E Key 4 CoO E Apply canci Figure 4 6 Wireless WEP menu 4 Select the Authentication Type 5 Select the Encryption setting 6 Enter the encryption keys You can manually or automatically program the four data encryption keys These values must be identical on all computers and Access Points in your network Automatic enter a word or group of printable characters in the Passphrase box and click the Generate button The four key boxes will be automatically populated with key values Manual enter hexadecimal digits any combination of 0 9 a f or A F Select which of the four keys will be active 7 Select the radio button for the key you want to make active Be sure you clearly understand how the WEP key settings are configured in your wireless adapter Wireless adapter configuration utilities such as the one included in Windows XP only allow entry of one key which must match the default key you set in the DG834G Wireless Configuration 4 13 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 8 Click Apply to save your settings Note When configuring the router from a wireless computer if you configure WEP settings you will lo
120. d 30 minutes If you set the start time after the end time the schedule will be effective through midnight the next day 4 Click Apply to save your changes Protecting Your Network 5 15 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 5 16 Protecting Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Chapter 6 Managing Your Network This chapter describes how to perform network management tasks with your DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router Backing Up Restoring or Erasing Your Settings The configuration settings of the DG834G wireless router are stored in a configuration file in the router This file can be backed up to your computer restored or reverted to factory default settings The procedures below explain how to do these tasks How to Back Up the Configuration to a File 1 Log in to the router at its default LAN address of hittp 192 168 0 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever User Name Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router 2 From the Maintenance heading of the Main Menu select the Backup Settings menu as seen in Figure 6 1 Backup Settings Save a Copy of Current Settings Restore Saved Settings from a File Revert to Factory Default Settings Erase C Figure 6 1 Backup Settings menu 3 Click Backup to save a copy of the current settings Managing Your Network 6 1 202 10
121. d Packets jeri 4 Secured Packets jo Dropped Packets jo Secured Data KBytes fo Local Address Local Subnet Remote Address Remote Modifier GW Address Figure F 25 Connection Monitor screen While the connection is being established the Connection Name field in this menu will show SA before the name of the connection When the connection is successful the SA will change to the yellow key symbol Note While your PC is connected to a remote LAN through a VPN you might not have lt normal Internet access If this is the case you will need to close the VPN connection in order to have normal Internet access F 26 NETGEAR VPN Configuration 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Viewing the VPN Router s VPN Status and Log Information To view information on the status of the VPN client connection open the VPN router s VPN Status screen by following the steps below 1 To view this screen click the Router Status link of the VPN router s main menu then click the VPN Status button The VPN Status Log screen for a connection is shown below VPN Status Log 2002 09 06 added connection description fromDG834 5 Sun 2002 09 08 12 01 35 adding interface ipsecO pppO 67 116 6 4 Tue 2005 05 24 20 46 33 fromDG834G responding to Main Mode fr Tue 2005 05 24 20 46 35 fromDG834G sent MR3 ISAKMP SA establ Tue 2005 05 24 20 46 35 fr
122. d entity name plus one of a number of predefined top level suffixes such as com edu uk and so on For example in the address mail NETGEAR com mail is a server name and NETGEAR com is the domain A Domain Name Server DNS resolves descriptive names of network resources such as www NETGEAR com to numeric IP addresses DSL Access Multiplexor The piece of equipment at the telephone company central office that provides the ADSL signal DHCP An Ethernet protocol specifying how a centralized DHCP server can assign network configuration information to multiple DHCP clients The assigned information includes IP addresses DNS addresses and gateway router addresses A local device usually a router that connects hosts on a local network to other networks See Internet Protocol Glossary Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G IP Address IPSec ISP Internet Protocol LAN local area network MAC address Mbps MDI MDIX MSB MTU Maximum Transmit Unit Most Significant Bit or Most Significant Byte NAT A four byte number uniquely defining each host on the Internet Ranges of addresses are assigned by Internic an organization formed for this purpose Usually written in dotted decimal notation with periods separating the bytes for example 134 177 244 57 Internet Protocol Security IPSec is a series of guidelines for securing private information transmitted over publi
123. data from one LAN device to another To send data between LAN devices you must convert the IP address of the destination device to its media access control MAC address Each device on an Ethernet network has a unique MAC address which is a 48 bit number assigned to each device by the manufacturer The technique that associates the IP address with a MAC address is known as address resolution Internet Protocol uses the Address Resolution Protocol ARP to resolve MAC addresses If a device sends data to another station on the network and the destination MAC address is not yet recorded ARP is used An ARP request is broadcast onto the network All stations on the network receive and read the request The destination IP address for the chosen station is included as part of the message so that only the station with this IP address responds to the ARP request All other stations discard the request B 8 Network and Routing Basics 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Related Documents The station with the correct IP address responds with its own MAC address directly to the sending device The receiving station provides the transmitting station with the required destination MAC address The IP address data and MAC address data for each station are held in an ARP table The next time data is sent the address can be obtained from the address information in the table For more information
124. der the Advanced heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface The router is shipped preconfigured to use private IP addresses on the LAN side and to act as a DHCP server The router s default LAN IP configuration is e LAN IP addresses 192 168 0 1 e Subnet mask 255 255 255 0 Advanced Configuration 7 3 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G These addresses are part of the Internet Engineering Task Force IETF designated private address range for use in private networks and should be suitable in most applications If your network has a requirement to use a different IP addressing scheme you can make those changes in this menu LAN IP Setup LAN TCPAP Setup IP Address 192 168 0 WE IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 l RIP Direction None RIP Version Disable Use Router as DHCP Server Starting IP Address 192 168 o 2 Ending IP Address 192 168 0 254 Address Reservation IP Address Device Name MAC Address Figure 7 2 LAN IP Setup Menu The LAN TCP IP Setup parameters are e IP Address This is the LAN IP address of the router e IP Subnet Mask This is the LAN Subnet Mask of the router Combined with the IP address the IP Subnet Mask allows a device to know which other addresses are local to it and which must be reached through a gateway or router e RIP Direction RIP Router Information Protocol allows
125. dress Single Start address 192 168 fO E Finish address Subnet Mask 255 j255 j255 l0 Remote LAN IP Address Single PC no subnet Single Start IP address Finish IP address Subnet Mask ESP Configuration SPI Incoming Hex 3 Characters SPI Outgoing Hex 3 Characters Encryption 3DES x Key DES 8 chars 3DES 24 chars Authentication SHA 1 Key MDS 16 chars SHA 1 20 chars Back Cancel Figure 8 48 DG834G VPN Tunnel Manual Policy Configuration Menu 8 48 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G General The DG834G VPN tunnel network connection fields are defined as follows Policy Name enter a unique name to identify this policy This name is not supplied to the remote VPN endpoint It is used only to help you manage the policies Remote VPN Endpoint select the desired option IP address or Fully Qualified Domain Name and enter the address of the remote VPN endpoint to which you wish to connect Note The remote VPN endpoint must have this VPN Gateway s address entered as its Remote VPN Endpoint NETBIOS Enable check this if you wish NETBIOS traffic to be forwarded over the VPN tunnel The NETBIOS protocol is used by Microsoft Networking Local LAN This identifies which PCs on your LAN are covered by this policy For each selection data must be provided as follows
126. e Crossover MDI X Network and Routing Basics B 13 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G When connecting a PC to a PC or a hub port to another hub port the transmit pair must be exchanged with the receive pair This exchange is done by one of two mechanisms Most hubs provide an Uplink switch which will exchange the pairs on one port allowing that port to be connected to another hub using a normal Ethernet cable The second method is to use a crossover cable which is a special cable in which the transmit and receive pairs are exchanged at one of the two cable connectors Crossover cables are often unmarked as such and must be identified by comparing the two connectors Since the cable connectors are clear plastic it is easy to place them side by side and view the order of the wire colors on each On a straight through cable the color order will be the same on both connectors On a crossover cable the orange and blue pairs will be exchanged from one connector to the other The DG834G wireless router incorporates Auto Uplink technology also called MDI MDIX Each LOCAL Ethernet port will automatically sense whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a normal connection e g connecting to a PC or an uplink connection e g connecting to a router switch or hub That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration This feature also eliminates t
127. e iP Address Sd Address Osta 14 15 16 17 SA Life Time sao peconasy lo Ootes I Ipsec PES PFE Key Group Group 1 76881 T F NetBios Enable Traffic Selector Locat iP Siner address sunPadeess 72 23 fo fr _ FinisniPasiesefs fp op Subnetmask iss ass ss fo Remote IP aang a suawadaess io 5 fe Finish IP address fF Subnet Mask EE fs fess fo AH Configuration T Enable Authentication Authentication Algoetnm MOS ESP Configuration F Enable Encemption Encrypson Algontnen 3DES F Enable Authentication Authentication Aigormnm SHA1 3 Bock Apply _Cancet Figure F 3 Viewing and editing the VPN parameters of the FVL328 at gateway B NETGEAR VPN Configuration F 5 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 3 Test the VPN tunnel by pinging the remote network from a PC attached to the DG834G a Open the command prompt Start gt Run gt cmd b ping 172 23 9 1 4 C INNT system32 ping exe Pinging 172 23 9 1 with 32 bytes of data from 172 1 bytes 32 time lt i ms TTL 128 from 172 9 1 bytes 32 time lt i ms TTL 128 from 172 9 1 byte time lt i ms TTL 128 from 172 9 1 byte time lt i ms TTL 128 from 172 1 bytes time lt i ms TTL 128 from 172 9 1 bytes 32 time lt i ms TTL 128 1 bytes 32 time lt i ms TTL 128 Figure F 4 ping 172 23 9 1 Note The pings may fail the first time If this happens
128. e number having the most value See Network Address Translation Glossary Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Netmask Network Address Translation packet PPP PPPoA PPPoE PPP over ATM PPP over Ethernet PPTP PSTN Point to Point Protocol RADIUS RFC RIP A number that explains which part of an IP address comprises the network address and which part is the host address on that network It can be expressed in dotted decimal notation or as a number appended to the IP address For example a 28 bit mask starting from the MSB can be shown as 255 255 255 192 or as 28 appended to the IP address A technique by which several hosts share a single IP address for access to the Internet A block of information sent over a network A packet typically contains a source and destination network address some protocol and length information a block of data and a checksum See Point to Point Protocol See PPP over ATM See PPP over Ethernet PPPoA PPP over ATM is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over an always on connection by simulating a dial up connection PPPoE PPP over Ethernet is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over an always on connection by simulating a dial up connection Point to Point Tunneling Protocol A method for establishing a virtual private network VPN by embedding Microsoft s network protocol into Internet pac
129. e Encryption Strength set to Disabled 7 Click Apply to save your changes Note If you are configuring the firewall from a wireless computer and you change the firewall s SSID channel or security settings you will lose your wireless connection when you click Apply You must then change the wireless settings of your computer to match the firewall s new settings 8 Configure and test your computers for wireless connectivity Program the wireless adapter of your computers to have the same SSID and channel that you configured in the router Check that they have a wireless link and are able to obtain an IP address by DHCP from the firewall Once your computers have basic wireless connectivity to the firewall you can configure the advanced wireless security functions of the firewall How to Restricting Wireless Access to Your Network By default any wireless PC that is configured with the correct SSID will be allowed access to your wireless network For increased security the DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router provides several ways to restrict wireless access to your network e Turn off wireless connectivity completely e Restrict access based on the Wireless Network Name SSID e Restrict access based on the Wireless Card Access List These options are discussed below 4 8 Wireless Configuration Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Wireless Access Point M Enable Wireless
130. e Policy Table on the VPN Policies Page to Deactivate a VPN Tunnel To use the VPN Policies page to deactivate a VPN tunnel perform the following steps 1 Log in to the Router 2 Open the DG834G management interface and click on VPN Policies to get the VPN Policies screen Figure 8 38 8 32 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G VPN Policies Policy Table Enable Name Type Local Remote ESP 1 RoadWarrior Auto 192 168 3 1 255 255 255 0 3DES Figure 8 37 VPN Policies 3 Clear the Enable check box for the VPN tunnel you want to deactivate and click Apply To reactivate the tunnel check the Enable box and click Apply Using the VPN Status Page to Deactivate a VPN Tunnel To use the VPN Status page to deactivate a VPN tunnel perform the following steps 1 Log in to the Router 2 Open the DG834G management interface and click on VPN Status to get the VPN Status Log screen Figure 8 38 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 33 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G VPN Status Log 2004 06 22 22 58 26 GtoG initiating Main Mode 2004 06 22 22 58 26 GtoG ISAKMP SA established 2004 06 22 22 58 26 GtoG sent Q12 IPsec SA established 2004 06 22 22 58 27 GtoG sent O12 IPsec SA established Figure 8 38 VPN Status Log Scr
131. e Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel 2 Double click the Network icon The Network window opens which displays a list of installed components 3 Select TCP IP and then click Properties The TCP IP Properties dialog box opens 4 Select the IP Address tab If an IP address and subnet mask are shown write down the information If an address is present your account uses a fixed static IP address If no address is present your account uses a dynamically assigned IP address Click Obtain an IP address automatically 5 Select the Gateway tab Preparing Your Network C 19 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G If an IP address appears under Installed Gateways write down the address This is the ISP s gateway address Select the address and then click Remove to remove the gateway address Select the DNS Configuration tab If any DNS server addresses are shown write down the addresses If any information appears in the Host or Domain information box write it down Click Disable DNS Click OK to save your changes and close the TCP IP Properties dialog box You are returned to the Network window Click OK Reboot your PC at the prompt You may also be prompted to insert your Windows CD Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Macintosh Computers As mentioned above you may need to collect configuration info
132. ear problems with the router s network connection From the Main Menu of the browser interface under the Maintenance heading select the Router Diagnostics heading to display the menu shown in Figure 6 10 Diagnostics Ping an IP address IP Address y Ping Perform a DNS Lookup Internet Name Lookup IP address DNS Server Display the Routing Table Display Reboot the Router Reboot Figure 6 10 Diagnostics menu 6 14 Managing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Enabling Remote Management Using the Remote Management page you can allow a user or users on the Internet to configure upgrade and check the status of your DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router Note Be sure to change the router s default password to a very secure password The 4 ideal password should contain no dictionary words from any language and should be a mixture of letters both upper and lower case numbers and symbols Your password can be up to 30 characters Configuring Remote Management 1 Log in to the router at its default LAN address of hittp 192 168 0 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever User Name Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router From the Advanced section of the main menu select the Remote Management link Select the Turn Remote Management On che
133. eature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G This setting applies to both IKE and IPSec SAs When configuring the remote endpoint to match this setting you may have to specify the Key Group used For this device the Key Group is the same as the DH Group setting in the IKE section Example of Using Auto Policy VPN Tunnel B 22 23 24 25 A 14 15 16 17 DG834G VPN Firewall DG834G VPN Firewall EP e 192 168 0 1 192 168 3 1 Co gg a S E PCs Figure 8 42 Gateway to Gateway VPN Tunnel 1 Set the LAN IPs on each DG834G to different subnets and configure each properly for the Internet The following settings are assumed for this example Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 41 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table 8 1 VPN Tunnel Configuration Worksheet Connection Name Pre Shared Key Secure Association Main Mode or Manual Keys Perfect Forward Secrecy Enabled or Disabled NETBIOS Enabled or Disabled Encryption Protocol DES or 3DES Authentication Protocol MD5 or SHA 1 Diffie Hellman DH Group Group 1 or Group 2 Key Life in seconds IKE Life Time in seconds VPN Endpoint Local IPSec ID LAN IP Address Subnet Mask GtoG 12345678 Main Disabled Enabled 3DES SHA 1 Group 2 2880
134. ed c The WAN port LED is lit Troubleshooting 9 1 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G If a port s LED is lit a link has been established to the connected device If a LAN port is connected to a 100 Mbps device verify that the port s LED is green If the port is 10 Mbps the LED will be amber If any of these conditions does not occur refer to the appropriate following section Power LED Not On If the Power and other LEDs are off when your router is turned on e Make sure that the power cord is properly connected to your router and that the power supply adapter is properly connected to a functioning power outlet e Check that you are using the 12 V DC power adapter supplied by NETGEAR for this product If the error persists you have a hardware problem and should contact technical support Test LED Never Turns On or Test LED Stays On When the router is turned on the Test LED turns on for about 10 seconds and then turns off If the Test LED does not turn on or if it stays on there is a fault within the router If you experience problems with the Test LED e Cycle the power to see if the router recovers and the LED blinks for the correct amount of time If all LEDs including the Test LED are still on one minute after power up e Cycle the power to see if the router recovers e Clear the router s configuration to factory defaults This will set the rout
135. ed in WPA In the 802 11 standard 802 1x authentication was optional For details on EAP specifically refer to IETF s RFC 2284 With 802 11 WEP all access points and client wireless adapters on a particular wireless LAN must use the same encryption key A major problem with the 802 11 standard is that the keys are cumbersome to change If you do not update the WEP keys often an unauthorized person with a sniffing tool can monitor your network for less than a day and decode the encrypted messages Products based on the 802 11 standard alone offer system administrators no effective method to update the keys Wireless Networking Basics D 9 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G For 802 11 WEP encryption is optional For WPA encryption using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP is required TKIP replaces WEP with a new encryption algorithm that is stronger than the WEP algorithm but that uses the calculation facilities present on existing wireless devices to perform encryption operations TKIP provides important data encryption enhancements including a per packet key mixing function a message integrity check MIC named Michael an extended initialization vector IV with sequencing rules and a re keying mechanism Through these enhancements TKIP addresses all of known WEP vulnerabilities How Does WPA Compare to IEEE 802 11i WPA will be forward compatible with the IEEE 802 11i security specification cu
136. ed until the next time the computer contacts the router s DHCP server Reboot the computer or access its IP configuration and force a DHCP release and renew To edit or delete a reserved address entry 1 Click the button next to the reserved address you want to edit or delete 2 Click Edit or Delete 7 6 Advanced Configuration 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G How to Configure LAN TCP IP Settings 1 Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever User Name Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router 2 From the Main Menu under Advanced click the LAN IP Setup link to view the menu shown in Figure 7 3 LAN IP Setup LAN TCPAP Setup IP Address 192 168 0 Ha IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 O RIP Direction None RIP Version Disable Use Router as DHCP Server Starting IP Address 192 168 0 LZ Ending IP Address 192 168 O 254 Address Reservation IP Address Device Name MAC Address Figure 7 3 LAN IP Setup Menu 3 Enter the TCP IP DHCP or Reserved IP parameters 4 Click Apply to save your changes Configuring Dynamic DNS If your network has a permanently assigned IP address you can register a domain name and have that name linked with your IP address by public Domain Name Servers DNS However if your
137. een 3 Click VPN Status Figure 8 38 to get the Current VPN Tunnels SAs screen Figure 8 39 Click Drop for the VPN tunnel you want to deactivate E Current YPN Tunnels SAs Microsoft Internet Explorer Current VPN Tunnels SAs lz SPI In SPI Out Policy Name Remote Endpoint Action SLifeTime HLifeTime g 3389064080 3779227165 Road vVarrior 192 168 2 2 Drop 28716 28715 Figure 8 39 Current VPN Tunnels SAs Screen 8 34 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Note When NETBIOS is enabled which it is in the VPNC defaults implemented by the VPN Wizard automatic traffic will reactivate the tunnel To prevent reactivation from happening either disable NETBIOS or disable the policy for the tunnel see Using the Policy Table on the VPN Policies Page to Deactivate a VPN Tunnel on page 8 32 4 Deleting a VPN Tunnel To delete a VPN tunnel 1 Log in to the Router 2 Open the DG834G management interface and click VPN Policies to display the VPN Policies screen Figure 8 40 Select the radio button for the VPN tunnel to be deleted and click the Delete button VPN Policies Policy Table Te Enable Name Type Local Remote E 1 M RoadWarrior Auto 192 168 3 1 1255 255 255 0 _ 308 Figure 8 40 VPN Policies How to Set Up VPN Tunnels in Special Circum
138. elecommuters and mobile workers to access e mail and business applications A dial up connection to an organization s modem pool is one method of access for remote workers but is expensive because the organization must pay the associated long distance telephone and service costs Remote access VPNs greatly reduce expenses by enabling mobile workers to dial a local Internet connection and then set up a secure I PSec based VPN communications to their organization e Extranets Extranets are secure connections between two or more organizations Common uses for extranets include supply chain management development partnerships and subscription services These undertakings can be difficult using legacy network technologies due to connection costs time delays and access availability PSec based VPNs are ideal for extranet connections PSec capable devices can be quickly and inexpensively installed on existing Internet connections What Is IPSec and How Does It Work IPSec is an Internet Engineering Task Force IETF standard suite of protocols that provides data authentication integrity and confidentiality as data is transferred between communication points across IP networks IPSec provides data security at the IP packet level A packet is a data bundle that is organized for transmission across a network and includes a header and payload the data in the packet IPSec emerged as a viable network security standard because enterprises wanted to
139. eless data transmissions are still vulnerable to snooping Using the WEP data encryption settings described below will prevent a determined intruder from eavesdropping on your wireless data communications Also if you are using the Internet for such activities as purchases or banking those Internet sites use another level of highly secure encryption called SSL You can tell if a web site is using SSL because the web address begins with HTTPS rather than HTTP Authentication Type Selection The DG834G lets you select the following wireless authentication schemes Wireless Configuration 4 11 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e Automatic e Open System e Shared key gt Note The authentication scheme is separate from the data encryption You can choose an authentication scheme which requires a shared key but still leave the data transmissions unencrypted If you require strong security use both the Shared Key and WEP encryption settings Set your wireless adapter according to the authentication scheme you choose for the DG834G wireless router Please refer to Authentication and WEP Data Encryption on page D 2 for a full explanation of each of these options as defined by the IEEE 802 11g wireless communication standard Encryption Choices Please refer to Overview of WEP Parameters on page D 5 for a full explanation of each of the following choices as defined by the I
140. emote VPN endpoint is set to use Main Mode Diffie Hellman DH Group the Diffie Hellman algorithm is used when exchanging keys The DH Group setting determines the number of bit size used in the exchange This value must match the value used on the remote VPN Gateway Local Identity Type select the desired option to match the Remote Identity Type setting on the remote VPN endpoint e WAN IP Address your Internet IP address e Fully Qualified Domain Name your domain name e Fully Qualified User Name your name E mail address or other ID Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 39 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Local Identity Data enter the data for the selection above If WAN IP Address is selected no input is required Remote Identity Type select the desired option to match the Local Identity Type setting on the remote VPN endpoint e IP Address the Internet IP address of the remote VPN endpoint e Fully Qualified Domain Name the Domain name of the remote VPN endpoint e Fully Qualified User Name the name E mail address or other ID of the remote VPN endpoint Remote Identity Data enter the data for the selection above If IP Address is selected no input is required Parameters Encryption Algorithm encryption Algorithm used for both IKE and IPSec This setting must match the setting used on the remote VPN Gate
141. eps e Step 1 Configuring the Client to Gateway VPN Tunnel on the VPN Router at the Employer s Main Office e Step 2 Configuring the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client on the Remote PC at the Telecommuter s Home Office configures the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client endpoint Step 1 Configuring the Client to Gateway VPN Tunnel on the VPN Router at the Employer s Main Office Follow this procedure to configure a client to gateway VPN tunnel by filling out the VPN Auto Policy screen 1 Log into the VPN router at its LAN address of hitp 192 168 0 1 with its default user name of admin and password of password Click the VPN Policies link in the main menu to display the VPN Policies screen Click Add Auto Policy to proceed and enter the information F 14 NETGEAR VPN Configuration 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G VPN Auto Policy General Policy Name Remote YPN Endpoint address Type F NetBIOS Enable M IKE Keep Alive Local LAN IP Address Remote LAN IP Address IKE Direction Exchange Mode Diffie Hellman DH Group Local Identity Type Data Remote Identity Type Data Parameters Encryption Algorithm Authentication Algorithm Pre shared Key SA Life Time romDG834G Dynamic IP address Address Data ba i Ping IP Address 192 168 2 3 Subnet address x Single Start address Jase iss fo 4 Finish address all JE NIEN
142. er s IP address to 192 168 0 1 This procedure is explained in Using the Reset button on page 9 9 If the error persists you might have a hardware problem and should contact technical support LAN or WAN Port LEDs Not On If either the LAN LEDs or WAN LED do not light when the Ethernet connection is made check the following e Make sure that the Ethernet cable connections are secure at the router and at the hub or workstation 9 2 Troubleshooting 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Make sure that power is turned on to the connected hub or workstation Be sure you are using the correct cable When connecting the router s WAN ADSL port use the cable that was supplied with the DG834G Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface If you are unable to access the router s Web Configuration interface from a computer on your local network check the following If you are using an Ethernet connected computer check the Ethernet connection between the computer and the router as described in the previous section Make sure your computer s IP address is on the same subnet as the router If you are using the recommended addressing scheme your computer s address should be in the range of 192 168 0 2 to 192 168 0 254 Refer to Verifying TCP IP Properties on page C 6 or Verifying TCP IP Properties for Macintosh Computers on page C 17 to find yo
143. er configuring all of your computers for TCP IP networking and restarting them and connecting them to the local network of your DG834G wireless router you are ready to access and configure the router Preparing Your Network C 21 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G C 22 Preparing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Appendix D Wireless Networking Basics This chapter provides an overview of Wireless networking Wireless Networking Overview The DG834G wireless router conforms to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE 802 11b and 802 11g standards for wireless LANs WLANs On an 802 11b or g wireless link data is encoded using direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS technology and is transmitted in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2 5 GHz The maximum data rate for the 802 11b wireless link is 11 Mbps but it will automatically back down from 11 Mbps to 5 5 2 and 1 Mbps when the radio signal is weak or when interference is detected The 802 11g auto rate sensing rates are 1 2 5 5 6 9 12 18 24 36 48 and 54 Mbps The 802 11 standard is also called Wireless Ethernet or Wi Fi by the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance WECA see hitp www wi fi net an industry standard group promoting interoperability among 802 11 devices The 802 11 standard offers two methods for configuring a wireless network ad hoc and infrastructure Infr
144. erate Key 1 48D69DA465 Key 2 DOFeO25818 Key 3 C 007F4D36EF Key 4 fi3ADFDID3F Cancel Figure 4 2 Wireless Settings menu The following parameters are in the Wireless Settings menu e Wireless Network Name SSID The Service Set ID also known as the wireless network name Enter a value of up to 32 alphanumeric characters The same Name SSID must be assigned to all wireless devices in your network The default SSID is NETGEAR but NETGEAR strongly recommends that you change your network Name to a different value 4 4 Wireless Configuration Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Note This value is case sensitive For example Wireless is not the same as wireless Region Select your region from the drop down list This field displays the region of operation for which the wireless interface is intended It may not be legal to operate the router in a region other than the region shown here Channel This field determines which operating frequency will be used It should not be necessary to change the wireless channel unless you notice interference problems with another nearby access point WoW Mode The default is g amp b which allows both g and b wireless stations to access this device g only allows only 802 11g wireless stations to be used b only allows 802 11b wireless stations 802 11g wireless stations can still be used if t
145. ers connected to the router s LAN The assigned default gateway address is the LAN address of the router IP addresses will be assigned to the attached PCs from a pool of addresses specified in this menu Each pool address is tested before it is assigned to avoid duplicate addresses on the LAN For most applications the default DHCP and TCP IP settings of the router are satisfactory See IP Configuration by DHCP on page B 9 for an explanation of DHCP and information about how to assign IP addresses for your network Use Router as DHCP server If another device on your network will be the DHCP server or if you will manually configure the network settings of all of your computers clear the Use router as DHCP server check box Otherwise leave it selected Specify the pool of IP addresses to be assigned by setting the Starting IP Address and Ending IP Address These addresses should be part of the same IP address subnet as the router s LAN IP address Using the default addressing scheme you should define a range between 192 168 0 2 and 192 168 0 254 although you may want to save part of the range for devices with fixed addresses The router will deliver the following parameters to any LAN device that requests DHCP Advanced Configuration 7 5 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e An IP Address from the range you have defined e Subnet Mask e Gateway IP Address is the
146. ervice Provider www DynDNS org 7 Host Name ao User Name o Password a I Use Wildcards Apply Cancel Show Status Figure F 6 Dynamic DNS Setup Screen b Configure this screen with appropriate account and hostname settings and then click Apply e Check the box Use a Dynamic DNS Service e Host Name dg834g dyndns org e User Name lt user s account username gt e Password lt user s account password gt c Click Show Status The resulting screen should show Update OK good see Figure F 7 Z DDNS Status Microsoft Internet Explorer _F o x Update OK good Figure F 7 Status Screen NETGEAR VPN Configuration F 9 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 4 On the FVL328 configure the Dynamic DNS settings Assume a properly configured DynDNS account a Browse to the Dynamic DNS Setup Screen see Figure F 8 in the Advanced menu Dynamic DNS Use a dynamic DNS service None C DynDNS org Click here for information TzO com Click here for free trial C ngDDNS Click here to register Apply Cancel Show Status Figure F 8 Dynamic DNS Setup Screen b Select the DynDNS org radio button see Figure F 8 configure with appropriate account and hostname settings see Figure F 9 and then click Apply e Host and Domain Name fv1328 dyndns org e User Name lt user s account username gt e Password lt user s account password gt
147. ervice port number Following is an application example of outbound rules Outbound Rule Example Blocking Instant Messenger If you want to block Instant Messenger usage by employees during working hours you can create an outbound rule to block that application from any internal IP address to any external address according to the schedule that you have created in the Schedule menu You can also have the router log any attempt to use Instant Messenger during that blocked period Protecting Your Network 5 9 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Outbound Services Service AIM TCP 5190 ba Action BLOCK by schedule otherwise allow LAN users Any z 5 Q start fo 7 fo finish fo b oo i WAN Users Any stat fo fo pP p fnisn fo p p pe Match MA Back Cancel Figure 5 7 Rule example Blocking Instant Messenger The parameters are Service From this list select the application or service to be allowed or blocked The list already displays many common services but you are not limited to these choices Use the Add Custom Service feature to add any additional services or applications that do not already appear Action Choose how you want this type of traffic to be handled You can block or allow always or you can choose to block or allow according to the schedule you have defined in the Schedule menu LAN Users These settings d
148. es from an integrated sequence of operations that encompass 802 1X EAP authentication and sophisticated key management and encryption techniques Its major operations include Network security capability determination This occurs at the 802 11 level and is communicated through WPA information elements in Beacon Probe Response and Re Association Requests Information in these elements includes the authentication method 802 1X or Pre shared key and the preferred cipher suite WEP TKIP or AES The primary information conveyed in the Beacon frames is the authentication method and the cipher suite Possible authentication methods include 802 1X and Pre shared key Pre shared key is an authentication method that uses a statically configured pass phrase on both the stations and the access point This obviates the need for an authentication server which in many home and small office environments will not be available nor desirable Possible cipher suites include WEP TKIP and AES Advanced Encryption Standard We talk more about TKIP and AES when addressing data privacy below Authentication EAP over 802 1X is used for authentication Mutual authentication is gained by choosing an EAP type supporting this feature and is required by WPA 802 1X port access control prevents full access to the network until authentication completes 802 1X EAPOL Key packets are used by WPA to distribute per session keys to those stations successfully authenticated
149. ess or a fixed virtual IP address of the VPN client PC NETGEAR VPN Configuration F 19 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G a Inthe Network Security Policy list on the left side of the Security Policy Editor window click My Identity IN Security Policy Editor NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client Eile Edit Options Help a NETGEAR Network Security Policy My Connections My Identity amp toDGE34G Select Certificate Pre Shared Key G ben a Security Policy None X E Authentication Phase 1 ID Type Pot A Proposal 1 Domain Name z i S Key Exchange Phase 2 Domain Name x E Proposal 1 toDG834G com Qs Other Connections Virtual Adapter Disabled Intemet Interface Name 1 Intel R PRO 100 VE Network Connection gt IP Addr 192 168 2 3 Figure F 18 Security Policy Editor my identity b Choose None in the Select Certificate menu c Select Domain Name in the ID Type menu and enter toDG834G com in this example in the box below it Choose Disabled in the Virtual Adapter menu d In the Internet Interface box select Intel PRO 100VE Network Connection in this example your Ethernet adapter may be different in the Name menu and enter 192 168 2 3 in this example in the IP Addr box F 20 NETGEAR VPN Configuration 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e Click
150. ess router require configuring several network parameters This section describes those parameters and how to access them The most common configuration scenarios will use IKE to manage the authentication and encryption keys The IKE protocol performs negotiations between the two VPN endpoints to automatically generate and update the required encryption parameters Click the VPN Policies link of the main menu and then click the Add Auto Policy button to display the VPN Auto Policy menu shown in Figure 8 41 8 36 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G VPN Policies Policy Table i Enable Name Type Local Remote ESP 192 168 0 0 1 WV toClient Auto 255 255 255 0 _ 3DES 192 168 0 0 192 168 2 0 2 O TOM Auto 255 255 255 0 255 255 255 0 SDES Edit Delete Apply Cancel Add Auto Policy Add Manual Policy VPN Auto Policy General Policy Name Remote VPN Endpoint 7 NetBIOS Enable I IKE Keep Alive Local LAN IP Address Remote LAN IP Address IKE Direction Exchange Mode Diffie Hellman DH Group Local Identity Type Data Remote Identity Type Data Parameters Encryption Algorithm Authentication Algorithm Pre shared Key SA Life Time I Enable PFS Perfect Forward Security Address Type Dynamic IP address z Address D
151. ess to a blocked site e Send logs according to this schedule Specifies how often to send the logs Hourly Daily Weekly or When Full Day for sending log Specifies which day of the week to send the log Relevant when the log is sent weekly or daily Time for sending log Specifies the time of day to send the log Relevant when the log is sent daily or weekly Managing Your Network 6 13 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G If the Weekly Daily or Hourly option is selected and the log fills up before the specified period the log is automatically e mailed to the specified e mail address After the log is sent it is cleared from the router s memory If the router cannot e mail the log file the log buffer may fill up In this case the router overwrites the log and discards its contents Running Diagnostic Utilities and Rebooting the Router The DG834G wireless router has a diagnostics feature You can use the diagnostics menu to perform the following functions from the router e Ping an IP Address to test connectivity to see if you can reach a remote host e Perform a DNS Lookup to test if an Internet name resolves to an IP address to verify that the DNS server configuration is working e Display the Routing Table to identify what other routers the router is communicating with e Reboot the router to enable new network configurations to take effect or to cl
152. etermine which packets are covered by the rule based on their source LAN IP address Select the desired option Any all IP addresses are covered by this rule Address range if this option is selected you must enter the Start and Finish fields Single address enter the required address in the Start field 5 10 Protecting Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e WAN Users These settings determine which packets are covered by the rule based on their destination WAN IP address Select the desired option Any all IP addresses are covered by this rule Address range if this option is selected you must enter the Start and Finish fields Single address enter the required address in the Start field e Log You can select whether the traffic will be logged The choices are Never no log entries will be made for this service Always any traffic for this service type will be logged Match traffic of this type that matches the parameters and action will be logged Not match traffic of this type that does not match the parameters and action will be logged Order of Precedence for Rules As you define new rules they are added to the tables in the Rules menu as shown in Figure 5 8 utbound Services Enable Service Name Action LAN Users WAN Serve
153. ethod Pre shared Key Encryption Method 3DES Authentication Protocol SHA 1 Diffie Hellman DH Group Group 2 1024 bit Key Life 8 hours IKE Life Time 1 hour NETBIOS Enabled e What level of IPSec VPN encryption will you use DES The Data Encryption Standard DES processes input data that is 64 bits wide encrypting these values using a 56 bit key Faster but less secure than 3DES 3DES Triple DES achieves a higher level of security by encrypting the data three times using DES with three different unrelated keys e What level of authentication will you use MDS 128 bits faster but less secure SHA 1 160 bits slower but more secure Note NETGEAR publishes additional interoperability scenarios with various gateway gt and client software products Look on the NETGEAR web site at www netgear com for these interoperability scenarios Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 5 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G VPN Tunnel Configuration There are two tunnel configurations and three ways to configure them Use the VPN Wizard to configure a VPN tunnel recommended for most situations See How to Set Up a Client to Gateway VPN Configuration on page 8 6 See How to Set Up a Gateway to Gateway VPN Configuration on page 8 20 See Using Auto Policy to Configure VPN Tunnels on page 8
154. ettings 6 Click the Test button to test your Internet connection If the NETGEAR Web site does not appear within one minute refer to Chapter 9 Troubleshooting Testing Your Internet Connection After completing the Internet connection configuration your can test your Internet connection Log in to the router then from the Basic Settings link in the Setup menu click the Test button If the NETGEAR Web site does not appear within one minute refer to Chapter 9 Troubleshooting Your router is now configured to provide Internet access for your network Your router automatically connects to the Internet when one of your computers requires access It is not necessary to run a dialer or login application such as Dial Up Networking or Enternet to connect log in or disconnect These functions are performed by the router as needed To access the Internet from any computer connected to your router launch a browser such as Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator You should see the router s Internet LED blink indicating communication to the ISP The browser should begin to display a Web page The following chapters describe how to configure the Advanced features of your router and how to troubleshoot problems that may occur Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection You can manually configure your router using the menu below or you can allow the Setup Wizard to determine your configuration as described in
155. ewall Router DG834G e Click the Refresh or Reload button in the Web browser The changes may have occurred but the Web browser may be caching the old configuration Troubleshooting the ISP Connection If your router is unable to access the Internet you should check the ADSL connection then the WAN TCP IP connection ADSL link If your router is unable to access the Internet you should first determine whether you have an ADSL link with the service provider The state of this connection is indicated with the WAN LED WAN LED Green or Blinking Green If your WAN LED is green or blinking green then you have a good ADSL connection You can be confident that the service provider has connected your line correctly and that your wiring is correct WAN LED Blinking Yellow If your WAN LED is blinking yellow then your router is attempting to make an ADSL connection with the service provider The LED should turn green within several minutes If the WAN LED does not turn green disconnect all telephones on the line If this solves the problem reconnect the telephones one at a time being careful to use a microfilter on each telephone If the microfilters are connected correctly you should be able to connect all your telephones If disconnecting telephones does not result in a green WAN LED there may be a problem with your wiring If the telephone company has tested the ADSL signal at your Network Interface Device NID then you may h
156. ey to transmit The two devices will communicate as long as the AP s WEP key 2 is the same as the client s WEP key 2 and the AP s WEP key 3 is the same as the client s WEP key 3 Wireless Channels The wireless frequencies used by 802 11b g networks are discussed below IEEE 802 11b g wireless nodes communicate with each other using radio frequency signals in the ISM Industrial Scientific and Medical band between 2 4 GHz and 2 5 GHz Neighboring channels are 5 MHz apart However due to spread spectrum effect of the signals a node sending signals using a particular channel will utilize frequency spectrum 12 5 MHz above and below the center channel frequency As a result two separate wireless networks using neighboring channels for example channel 1 and channel 2 in the same general vicinity will interfere with each other Applying two channels that allow the maximum channel separation will decrease the amount of channel cross talk and provide a noticeable performance increase over networks with minimal channel separation The radio frequency channels used in 802 11b g networks are listed in Table D 2 Wireless Networking Basics D 7 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table D 2 802 11b g Radio Frequency Channels Channel Center Frequency Frequency Spread 1 2412 MHz 2399 5 MHz 2424 5 MHz 2 2417 MHz 2404 5 MHz 2429 5 MHz 3 2422 MHz 24
157. ey uses a pre shared key to perform the authentication and generate Wi Fi Protected Access Pre Shared Key WPA 802 1x the initial data encryption keys Then it dynamically varies the encryption key For a full explanation of WPA see WPA Wireless Security on page D 8 Note Not all wireless adapters support WPA Furthermore client software is required on the client Windows XP and Windows 2000 with Service Pack 3 do include the client software that supports WPA Nevertheless the wireless adapter hardware and driver must also support WPA User authentication is implemented using 802 1x and RADIUS servers For a full explanation of WPA see WPA Wireless Security on page D 8 Fill in the following e Radius Server Name IP Address This field is required Enter the name or IP address of the Radius Server on your LAN e Radius Port Enter the port number used for connections to the Radius Server e Radius Shared Key Enter the desired value for the Radius shared key This key enables the DG834G to log in to the Radius server and must match the value used on the Radius server How to Set Up and Test Basic Wireless Connectivity Follow the instructions below to set up and test basic wireless connectivity Once you have established basic wireless connectivity you can enable security settings appropriate to your needs 1 Log in to the DG834G firewall at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 1 with its default u
158. f the address for each address type B 2 Network and Routing Basics 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Class A Network Node Class B Network Node Class C Network Node Figure 9 1 Three Main Address Classes The five address classes are e Class A Class A addresses can have up to 16 777 214 hosts on a single network They use an eight bit network number and a 24 bit node number Class A addresses are in this range TiexexX 0 1 26 ks Xa e Class B Class B addresses can have up to 65 354 hosts on a network A Class B address uses a 16 bit network number and a 16 bit node number Class B addresses are in this range 128 1 x x to 191 254 x x e Class C Class C addresses can have 254 hosts on a network Class C addresses use 24 bits for the network address and eight bits for the node They are in this range 192 0 1 x to 223 255 254 x e Class D Class D addresses are used for multicasts messages sent to many hosts Class D addresses are in this range 224 0 0 0 to 239 255 255 255 e Class E Class E addresses are for experimental use Network and Routing Basics B 3 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G This addressing structure allows IP addresses to uniquely identify each physical network and each node on each physical network
159. f the following e Per Schedule to turn on keyword blocking according to the settings on the Schedule page e Always to turn on keyword blocking all of the time independent of the Schedule page Enter a keyword or domain in the Keyword box click Add Keyword then click Apply Some examples of Keyword application follow e Ifthe keyword XXX is specified the URL lt http www badstuff com xxx html gt is blocked e Ifthe keyword com is specified only Web sites with other domain suffixes such as edu or gov can be viewed e Enter the keyword to block all Internet browsing access Up to 32 entries are supported in the Keyword list To delete a keyword or domain select it from the list click Delete Keyword then click Apply To specify a trusted user enter that computer s IP address in the Trusted IP Address box and click Apply You can specify one trusted user which is a computer that will be exempt from blocking and logging Since the trusted user will be identified by an IP address you should configure that computer with a fixed IP address Protecting Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 7 Click Apply to save your settings Firewall Rules Firewall rules are used to block or allow specific traffic passing through from one side of the router to the other Inbound rules WAN to LAN restrict access by outsiders to p
160. firewall which enables your entire network to safely share an Internet connection that otherwise is used by a single computer Note If you are unfamiliar with networking and routing refer to Appendix B Network and Routing Basics to become more familiar with the terms and procedures used in this manual gt About the Router The DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router provides continuous high speed 10 100 Ethernet access between your Ethernet devices The DG834G wireless router enables your entire network to share an Internet connection through the built in ADSL modem that otherwise is used by a single computer With minimum setup you can install and use the router within minutes The DG834G wireless router provides multiple Web content filtering options plus e mail browsing activity reporting and instant alerts Parents and network administrators can establish restricted access policies based on time of day Web site addresses and address keywords They can also share high speed ADSL Internet access for up to 253 personal computers The included firewall and Network Address Translation NAT features protect you from hackers Key Features The DG834G wireless router provides the following features e A built in ADSL modem e A powerful true firewall e 802 11g standards based wireless networking Introduction 2 1 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Route
161. fore Sai Bag IEA PEA AAIEN AAE AE NEA T O E 6 VPN Process Overview sceeeeeeees ee reer ere ere E rea reenter ree a Network Interfaces and Abeiegane E nea hited A A E T E TA ee Interface Addressing a A A E em Setting Up a VPN Tunnel Baivasi Bawa EE ARR eeu E 8 VPNG IKE Securty Paraineters soc ciancxsaastddensesassntecdvesscsdencvenss caciedsndstedudesesadeaandub aN E 10 VPNC IKE Phase Parameters EERE EE ee ne ee eee ne PE cere emer rere ia VPNG IKE Phase IlI Parameters sisscicissbivitad shorsenusdeewaanedoseiseaneion veiiedpaivinnidernanine E 11 Testing and Troubleshooting 0 08 miss j PO CMON PERIN ari Muahenceiadadanct Gadesamcace icundsneetdbsmaseeteieuanareerciaaenie Appendix F NETGEAR VPN Configuration BE ELTENANTE OOA A EAE A A NE Configuration Profile e E E bdaaeunatsa Pei xii Contents 202 10006 05 June 2005 Step By Step Configuration inierenrusnaiaranreidnnieniennen aa a F 2 DG834G witht FODN to FYLI28 deci cssccesccastocesert cciaccaiaatsnleceataieizecduesasewacttassiacwivabielecats F 6 Coniguraton Pron cenina n F 6 The Use of a Fully Qualified Domain Name FQDN cccceesseeeeeteeeeeneeeees F 7 Siep By Step Coniguraiioi sruraincarenca aaa a iaa F 8 Configuration Summary Telecommuter Example ccccceeeseeeeeceeeeeneeeceeeeeeesaeeeeees F 13 Setting Up the Client to Gateway VPN Configuration Telecommuter Example F 14 Step 1 Configuring the Clie
162. from lt IP address gt bytes 32 time NN ms TTL xxx If the path is not working you see this message Request timed out If the path is not functioning correctly you could have one of the following problems Troubleshooting 9 7 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Wrong physical connections Make sure the LAN port LED is on If the LED is off follow the instructions in LAN or WAN Port LEDs Not On on page 9 2 Check that the corresponding Link LEDs are on for your network interface card and for the hub ports if any that are connected to your workstation and router Wrong network configuration Verify that the Ethernet card driver software and TCP IP software are both installed and configured on your PC or workstation Verify that the IP address for your router and your workstation are correct and that the addresses are on the same subnet Testing the Path from Your Computer to a Remote Device After verifying that the LAN path works correctly test the path from your PC to a remote device From the Windows run menu type PING n 10 lt IP address gt where lt P address gt is the IP address of a remote device such as your ISP s DNS server If the path is functioning correctly replies as in the previous section are displayed If you do not receive replies Check that your PC has the IP address of your router listed as the default
163. g the Default DMZ Server feature When a computer is designated as the Default DMZ Server it loses much of the protection of the firewall and is exposed to many exploits from the Internet If compromised the computer can be used to attack your network Incoming traffic from the Internet is normally discarded by the router unless the traffic is a response to one of your local computers or a service that you have configured in the Ports menu Instead of discarding this traffic you can have it forwarded to one computer on your network This computer is called the Default DMZ Server How to Configure a Default DMZ Server To assign a computer or server to be a Default DMZ server follow these steps 1 Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router 2 From the Main Menu under Advanced click the WAN Setup link to view the page shown in Figure 7 1 WAN Setup Connect Automatically as Required Disable Port Scan and DOS Protection Default DMZ Server go Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port MTU Size in bytes 1492 Figure 7 1 WAN Setup Page 3 Select the Default DMZ Server check box 4 Type the IP address for that server 5 Click Apply to save your changes 7 2 Advanced Configuration 202 10006 05 June 2005 Refe
164. grading the Router s Firmware The software of the DG834G wireless router is stored in FLASH memory and can be upgraded as new software is released by NETGEAR Upgrade files can be downloaded from NETGEAR s Web site If the upgrade file is compressed ZIP file you must first extract the binary BIN or IMG file before uploading it to the router 6 2 Managing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G How to Upgrade the Router Firmware Note NETGEAR recommends that you back up your configuration before doing a firmware upgrade After the upgrade is complete you may need to restore your configuration settings 1 Download and unzip the new software file from NETGEAR The Web browser used to upload new firmware into the router must support HTTP uploads NETGEAR recommends using Microsoft Internet Explorer 5 0 or above or Netscape Navigator 4 7 or above Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 1 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever User Name Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router From the Main Menu of the browser interface under the Maintenance heading select the Router Upgrade heading to display the menu shown in Figure 6 2 Router Upgrade Locate and Select the Upgrade File from your Hard Disk Browse Figure 6 2 Router Upgrade menu 4 5
165. has been configured for Internet access and you do not need to configure additional static routes You must configure static routes only for unusual cases such as multiple routers or multiple IP subnets located on your network Static Route Example As an example of when a static route is needed consider the following case e Your primary Internet access is through a cable modem to an ISP e You have an ISDN router on your home network for connecting to the company where you are employed This router s address on your LAN is 192 168 0 100 e Your company s network is 134 177 0 0 When you first configured your router two implicit static routes were created A default route was created with your ISP as the router and a second static route was created to your local network for all 192 168 0 x addresses With this configuration if you attempt to access a device on the 134 177 0 0 network your router will forward your request to the ISP The ISP forwards your request to the company where you are employed and the request will likely be denied by the company s firewall Advanced Configuration 7 9 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G In this case you must define a static route telling your router that 134 177 0 0 should be accessed through the ISDN router at 192 168 0 100 The static route would look like Figure 7 6 In this example The Destination IP Address and IP Su
166. hat Client for Microsoft Networks and Internet Protocol TCP IP are present If not select Install and add them 6 Select Internet Protocol TCP IP click Properties and verify that Obtain an IP address automatically is selected 7 Click OK and close all Network and Dialup Connections windows 8 Then restart your PC Preparing Your Network C 7 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows XP 2000 or NT4 You will find there are many similarities in the procedures for different Windows systems when using DHCP to configure TCP IP The following steps will walk you through the configuration process for each of these versions of Windows DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows XP Locate your Network Neighborhood icon e Select Control Panel from the Windows XP new Start Menu e Select the Network Connections icon on the Control Panel This will take you to the next step HB Local Area Connec Network Tasks Disable fa Create a new connection Repair amp Disable this network device Bridge Connections Q Repair this connection 7 fai Rename this connection oe e Now the Network Connection window View status of this connection name displays Change settings of this Properties connection The Connections List that shows all the network connections set up on the PC located to the right of the
167. he local LAN ports are autosensing and capable of full duplex or half duplex operation The router incorporates Auto Uplink technology Each local Ethernet port will automatically sense whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a normal connection such as to a computer or an uplink connection such as to a switch or hub That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration This feature also eliminates the need to worry about crossover cables as Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection What s in the Box The product package should contain the following items e DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router Introduction 2 5 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e AC power adapter varies by region e Category 5 Cat 5 Ethernet cable e Telephone cable e Microfilters quantity and type vary by region e Wireless ADSL Firewall Router Resource CD including This guide Application Notes e A printed Quick Installation Guide e Warranty and Support Information cards If any of the parts are incorrect missing or damaged contact your NETGEAR dealer Keep the carton including the original packing materials in case you need to return the product for repair The Router s Front Panel The DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router front panel shown below contains status LEDs
168. he need to worry about crossover cables as Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection B 14 Network and Routing Basics 202 10006 05 June 2005 Appendix C Preparing Your Network This appendix describes how to prepare your network to connect to the Internet through the DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router and how to verify the readiness of broadband Internet service from an Internet service provider ISP Note If an ISP technician configured your computer during the installation of a broadband modem or if you configured it using instructions provided by your ISP you may need to copy the current configuration information for use in the configuration of your router Write down this information before reconfiguring your computers Refer to Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Windows Computers on page C 19 or Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Macintosh Computers on page C 20 for further information Preparing Your Computers for TCP IP Networking Computers access the Internet using a protocol called TCP IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol Each computer on your network must have TCP IP installed and selected as its networking protocol If a Network Interface Card NIC is already installed in your PC then TCP IP is probably already installed as well Most operating systems include the software components you need for networking with
169. heck this if you wish NETBIOS traffic to be forwarded over the VPN tunnel The NETBIOS protocol is used by Microsoft Networking IKE Keep alive Enable this if you wish to ensure that a connection is kept open or if that is not possible that it is quickly re established when disconnected The Ping IP Address must be associated with the remote endpoint The remote LAN address must be used This IP address will be pinged periodically to generate traffic for the VPN tunnel The remote keep alive IP address must be covered by the remote LAN IP range and must correspond to a device that can respond to ping The range should be made as narrow as possible to meet this objective Local LAN This identifies which PCs on your LAN are covered by this policy For each selection data must be provided as follows Single address enter an IP address in the Single Start IP address field Typically this setting is used when you wish to make a single Server on your LAN available to remote users Range address enter the starting IP address in the Single Start IP address field and the finish IP address in the Finish IP address field This must be an address range used on your LAN Subnet address enter an IP address in the Single Start IP address field and the desired network mask in the Subnet Mask field The remote VPN endpoint must have these IP addresses entered as its Remote addresses 8 38 Virtual Private Networking Advanced
170. hey can operate in 802 11b mode e Wireless Access Point Enable Wireless Access Point This field lets you turn off or turn on the wireless access point built in to the router The wireless icon on the front of the router will also display the current status of the Wireless Access Point to let you know if it is disabled or enabled The wireless access point must be enabled to allow wireless stations to access the Internet Allow Broadcast of Name SSID If enabled the SSID is broadcast to all Wireless Stations Stations which have no SSID or a null value can then adopt the correct SSID for connections to this Access Point Wireless Isolation If enabled Wireless Stations will not be able to communicate with each other or with Stations on the wired network This feature should normally be disabled e Wireless Station Access List By default any wireless computer that is configured with the correct wireless network name or SSID will be allowed access to your wireless network For increased security you can restrict access to the wireless network to only specific computers based on their MAC addresses Click Setup Access List to display the Wireless Station Access List menu Wireless Configuration 4 5 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e Security Options Table 4 1 Wireless Security Options Field Description Disable WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy
171. hnology for sending data over regular telephone lines ADSL allows data rates up to 8 Mbps downstream and 640 Kbps upstream Glossary Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Cat 5 Denial of Service attack DHCP DMZ DNS Domain Name Domain Name Server DSLAM Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Gateway IP Category 5 unshielded twisted pair UTP cabling An Ethernet network operating at 10 Mbits second 1OBASE T will often tolerate low quality cables but at 100 Mbits second 1OBASE Tx the cable must be rated as Category 5 or Cat 5 or Cat V by the Electronic Industry Association EIA This rating will be printed on the cable jacket Cat 5 cable contains eight conductors arranged in four twisted pairs and terminated with an RJ45 type connector In addition there are restrictions on maximum cable length for both 10 and 100 Mbits second networks DoS A hacker attack designed to prevent your computer or network from operating or communicating See Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Specifying a Default DMZ Server allows you to set up a computer or server that is available to anyone on the Internet for services that you have not defined There are security issues with doing this so only do this if you are willing to risk open access See Domain Name Server A descriptive name for an address or group of addresses on the Internet Domain names are of the form of a registere
172. ick Delete Service Use the page shown below to define or edit a service Services Service Definition Name Type TEP v Start Port Finish Port Back Apply Cancel Figure 5 10 Add Services menu 4 Click Apply to save your changes Setting Times and Scheduling Firewall Services The DG834G wireless router uses the Network Time Protocol NTP to obtain the current time and date from one of several Network Time Servers on the Internet How to Set Your Time Zone In order to localize the time for your log entries you must specify your Time Zone 1 Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router Select the Schedule link of the Security menu to display menu shown below Protecting Your Network 5 13 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Cimtent Time 2002 09 10 02 42 17 Figure 5 11 Schedule Services menu 3 Select your Time Zone This setting will be used for the blocking schedule according to your local time zone and for time stamping log entries Select the Adjust for daylight savings time check box if your time zone is currently in daylight savings time Note If your region uses Daylight Savings Time you must manually select Adjust for Daylight Savings
173. iiendnideni aun ant How Does WPA Compare to WEP esee How Does WPA Compare to IEEE 802 111 Contents 202 10006 05 June 2005 xi What are the Key Features of WPA Security cccceeeteseeteteeeetettteeeeeeees D 10 WPA Authentication Enterprise level User Authentication via 802 1x EAP and RADIUS 0 000 eee eee eeeeeeneeesneeeneeeeaes D 12 WPA Data Encryption Key Management cece sessesseseeeseeeeeseeseeseeaeeaees D 14 Ts WPA Perdo T uenia creer eee eed 1G Product neers for WPA oaeee D 16 Supporting a Mixture of WPA a WEP irelosi Clients 1 is Beane ie D 16 Changes to Wireless Access Points ccccesecceceesseeeeeeeeseeeeesssstteessssserees D 16 Changes to Wireless Network Adapters ccccceeeceeeeeeeeeeeseeseeeeeeeeeeeenaees D 17 Changes to Wireless Client Programs oncicciccncseecisnessrisgersceciccsnaenscancertan D18 Appendix E Virtual Private Networking What is a VPN sicsccssstissccss E I A rer EN rrr A TA mad What Is IPSec and How Does It It Work is paei E 2 IPSs Seely POR HOS consensisse E A IPSec Components sdcetaue T A E A L AE AA E EEIE E E ieee Encapsulating Bawiy Payload ESP E AE E E A E A E 3 Authentication Header AH xccateniecertansoucuecessaindeslateduddeinaeoylesmieeeindedecesulesasetine E KE Secur ASSOCIO N setini i ain aa a a E 4 Mode EEEE AEA A A P es A E E T E A AE E E E TA Key Nai EPE E EEE AE EE EE A E EA A ee Understand the Process Be
174. in the transmitted IP packets For example a packet that is sent with destination port number 80 is an HTTP Web server request The service numbers for many common protocols are defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force IETF and published in RFC1700 Assigned Numbers Service numbers for other applications are typically chosen from the range 1024 to 65535 by the authors of the application Although the DG834G already holds a list of many service port numbers you are not limited to these choices Use the procedure below to create your own service definitions How to Define Services 1 Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router 2 Select the Services link of the Security menu to display the Services menu shown in Figure 5 9 Services Service Table Service Type Ports Add Custom Service Edit Service J Delete Service Figure 5 9 Services menu 5 12 Protecting Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 3 e To create a new Service click the Add Custom Service button e To edit an existing Service select its button on the left side of the table and click Edit Service e To delete an existing Service select its button on the left side of the table and cl
175. ing Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Information on the progress and status of the VPN client connection can be viewed by opening the NETGEAR ProSafe Log Viewer 1 To launch this function click on the Windows Start button then select Programs then NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client then Log Viewer 2 The Log Viewer screen for a successful connection is shown below VPN Status Log 2002 09 08 12 01 35 2002 09 08 12 01 35 2005 05 24 20 46 33 2005 05 24 20 46 35 2005 05 24 20 46 35 2005 05 24 20 46 36 2005 05 24 20 50 41 2005 05 24 20 50 41 2005 05 24 20 50 41 2005 05 24 20 50 42 2005 05 24 20 50 42 added connection description fromDG834 4 adding interface ipsecO ppp0 67 116 6 4 fromDG834G responding to Main Mode fr fromDG634G sent MR3 ISAKMP SA establ fromDG834G responding to Quick Mode fromDG834G IPsec SA established deleting connection fromDGS34G instan deleting connection fromDG834G shutting down interface ipsecO pppO 67 added connection description fromDG834 adding interface ipsecO pppO 67 116 6 4 a Refresh Clear Log VPN Status Figure 8 18 Log Viewer screen _ Note Use the active VPN tunnel information and pings to determine whether a failed connection is due to the VPN tunnel or some reason outside the VPN tunnel 3 The Connection Monitor screen for this connection is shown below G
176. ion The following steps occur when two devices use Shared Key Authentication 1 The station sends an authentication request to the access point 2 The access point sends challenge text to the station 3 The station uses its configured 64 bit or 128 bit default key to encrypt the challenge text and sends the encrypted text to the access point 4 The access point decrypts the encrypted text using its configured WEP Key that corresponds to the station s default key The access point compares the decrypted text with the original challenge text If the decrypted text matches the original challenge text then the access point and the station share the same WEP Key and the access point authenticates the station 5 The station connects to the network If the decrypted text does not match the original challenge text the access point and station do not share the same WEP Key then the access point will refuse to authenticate the station and the station will be unable to communicate with either the 802 11 network or Ethernet network This process is illustrated below D 4 Wireless Networking Basics Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 802 11b Authentication Shared Key Steps 1 Authentication ______ request sent to AP Access Point z lt _ 2 AP sends challenge text iimm T o A Client 3 Client encrypts attempting challenge text and gt i Ye to con
177. ion process Verify whether the firmware is up to date all of the addresses that will be necessary and all of the parameters that need to be set on both sides Assure that there are no firewall restrictions Table F 1 Configuration summary telecommuter example VPN Consortium Scenario Scenario 1 Type of VPN PC client to gateway with client behind NAT router Security Scheme IKE with Preshared Secret Key not Certificate based Date Tested May 2005 Model Firmware Tested Gateway DG834G firmware version v2 10 20 Client NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client v10 5 1 build 8 IP Addressing Gateway Fully Qualified Domain Name FQDN Client Dynamic NETGEAR VPN Configuration 202 10006 05 June 2005 F 13 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 192 168 0 1 24 Telecommuter Example _ Client B Gateway A NAT Router B wan me pner SP D E g 1 2 een 192 168 0 1 FQDN 0 0 0 0 ntgr dyndns org 192 168 2 3 g fromDG834G com toDG834G com Router Router PC at employer s at telecommuter s running NETGEAR main office home office ProSafe VPN Client Figure F 12 Addressing and subnet used for telecommuter example Setting Up the Client to Gateway VPN Configuration Telecommuter Example Setting up a VPN between a remote PC running the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client and a network gateway involves the following two st
178. ireless networking at 11 Mbps using direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS technology and operating in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2 5GHz IEEE specification for wireless networking at 54 Mbps using direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS technology and operating in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2 5GHz 802 1x defines port based network access control used to provide authenticated network access and automated data encryption key management The IEEE 802 1x draft standard offers an effective framework for authenticating and controlling user traffic to a protected network as well as dynamically varying encryption keys 802 1x uses a protocol called EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol and supports multiple authentication methods such as token cards Kerberos one time passwords certificates and public key authentication For details on EAP specifically refer to IETF s RFC 2284 An ACL is a database that an Operating System uses to track each user s access rights to system objects such as file directories and or files An 802 11 networking framework in which devices or stations communicate directly with each other without the use of an access point AP Ad hoc mode is also referred to as peer to peer mode or an Independent Basic Service Set IBSS Ad hoc mode is useful for establishing a network where wireless infrastructure does not exist or where services are not required See Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line A tec
179. is processed with IPSec A new IP header is created that contains the two IPSec gateway addresses The gateways perform the encapsulation decapsulation on behalf of the hosts Tunnel mode ESP prevents an attacker from analyzing the data and deciphering it as well as knowing who the packet is from and where it is going Note AH and ESP can be used in both transport mode or tunnel mode Original Packet IP HDR TCP Data Si W A Now ESP Original ESP ESP IPHDR HDR iPHDR TCP Data Trailer Authentication Encrypted Authenticated Packet with IPSec Authentication Header in Tunnel Mode Figure E 3 Original packet and packet with IPSec ESP in Tunnel mode Virtual Private Networking E 5 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Key Management IPSec uses the Internet Key Exchange IKE protocol to facilitate and automate the SA setup and the exchange of keys between parties transferring data Using keys ensures that only the sender and receiver of a message can access it IPSec requires that keys be re created or refreshed frequently so that the parties can communicate securely with each other IKE manages the process of refreshing keys however a user can control the key strength and the refresh frequency Refreshing keys on a regular basis ensures data confidentiality between sender and receiver Understand the Process Before You Begin This docu
180. ivate Current YPN Tunnels SAs Microsoft Internet Explorer Current VPN Tunnels SAs SPI in SPI Out Policy Name Remote Endpoint Action SLifeTime HLifeTime aa185e44 af bfich fromDG834G 66 120 188 152 Drop 3289 3287 Figure 8 31 Current VPN Tunnels SAs Screen Activate the VPN Tunnel by Pinging the Remote Endpoint Note This section uses 192 168 3 1 for an example remote endpoint LAN IP address 8 28 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G To activate the VPN tunnel by pinging the remote endpoint e g 192 168 3 1 do the following steps depending on whether your configuration is client to gateway or gateway to gateway e Client to Gateway Configuration to check the VPN Connection you can initiate a request from the remote PC to the DG834G s network by using the Connect option in the NETGEAR ProSafe menu bar The NETGEAR ProSafe client will report the results of the attempt to connect Since the remote PC has a dynamically assigned WAN IP address it must initiate the request To perform a ping test using our example start from the remote PC a Establish an Internet connection from the PC b On the Windows taskbar click the Start button and then click Run c Type ping t 192 168 3 1 and then click OK Type the name of 4 program folder document or Inter
181. k 255 255 255 0 e Gateway address the router 192 168 0 1 These addresses are part of the IETF designated private address range for use in private networks Configuring Windows 95 98 and Me for TCP IP Networking As part of the PC preparation process you need to manually install and configure TCP IP on each networked PC Before starting locate your Windows CD you may need to insert it during the TCP IP installation process Installing or Verifying Windows Networking Components To install or verify the necessary components for IP networking 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel 2 Double click the Network icon The Network window opens which displays a list of installed components C 2 Preparing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Network 27 x Configuration Identification Access Control The following network components are installed E Client for Microsoft Networks NETGEAR FA310TX Fast Ethernet PCI Adapter Remove Eropernies Primary Network Logon Client for Microsoft Networks pa Eile and Print Sharing Description OK Cancel You must have an Ethernet adapter the TCP IP protocol and Client for Microsoft Networks Note It is not necessary to remove any other network components shown in the Network window in order
182. ked with many wireless vendors to embed the WPA firmware update in the wireless adapter driver So to update your Microsoft Windows wireless client all you have to do is obtain the new WPA compatible driver and install the driver The firmware is automatically updated when the wireless network adapter driver is loaded in Windows Wireless Networking Basics D 17 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Changes to Wireless Client Programs Wireless client programs must be updated to permit the configuration of WPA authentication and preshared key and the new WPA encryption algorithms TKIP and the optional AES component To obtain the Microsoft WPA client program visit the Microsoft Web site Wireless Networking Basics Appendix E Virtual Private Networking There have been many improvements in the Internet including Quality of Service network performance and inexpensive technologies such as DSL But one of the most important advances has been in Virtual Private Networking VPN Internet Protocol security IPSec IPSec is one of the most complete secure and commercially available standards based protocols developed for transporting data What is a VPN A VPN is a shared network where private data is segmented from other traffic so that only the intended recipient has access The term VPN was originally used to describe a secure connection over the Internet Today however VPN is also used
183. ker William R Cheswick and Steven M Bellovin Addison Wesley ISBN 0201633574 e VPNs A Beginners Guide John Mains McGraw Hill ISBN 0072191813 Virtual Private Networking E 11 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G FF98 Floyd S and Fall K Promoting the Use of End to End Congestion Control in the Internet IEEE ACM Transactions on Networking August 1999 Relevant RFCs listed numerically RFC 791 Internet Protocol DARPA Internet Program Protocol Specification Information Sciences Institute USC September 1981 RFC 1058 Routing Information Protocol C Hedrick Rutgers University June 1988 RFC 1483 Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 Juha Heinanen Telecom Finland July 1993 RFC 2401 S Kent R Atkinson Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol RFC 2401 November 1998 RFC 2407 D Piper The Internet IP Security Domain of Interpretation for ISAKMP November 1998 RFC 2474 K Nichols S Blake F Baker D Black Definition of the Differentiated Services Field DS Field in the IPv4 and IPv6 Headers December 1998 RFC 2475 S Blake D Black M Carlson E Davies Z Wang and W Weiss An Architecture for Differentiated Services December 1998 RFC 2481 K Ramakrishnan S Floyd A Proposal to Add Explicit Congestion Notification ECN to IP January 1999 RFC 2408 D Maughan M Schertle
184. kets Public Switched Telephone Network PPP A protocol allowing a computer using TCP IP to connect directly to the Internet Short for Remote Authentication Dial In User Service RADIUS is an authentication system Using RADIUS you must enter your user name and password before gaining access to a network This information is passed to a RADIUS server which checks that the information is correct and then authorizes access Though not an official standard the RADIUS specification is maintained by a working group of the IETF Request For Comment Refers to documents published by the Internet Engineering Task Force IETF proposing standard protocols and procedures for the Internet RFCs can be found at www ietf org See Routing Information Protocol Glossary Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G router Routing Information Protocol SSID subnet mask Universal Plug and Play UTP vCI vPI WAN WEP wide area network Wi Fi A device that forwards data between networks An IP router forwards data based on IP source and destination addresses A protocol in which routers periodically exchange information with one another so that they can determine minimum distance paths between sources and destinations A Service Set Identification is a thirty two character maximum alphanumeric key identifying a wireless local area network For the wireless devices in a network to comm
185. lass netmask and replace the 0 value octets with the dotted decimal value of the additional subnet bits For example to partition your Class C network with subnet mask 255 255 255 0 into 16 subnets 4 bits the new subnet mask becomes 255 255 255 240 Network and Routing Basics B 5 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table 9 1 Netmask Notation Translation Table for One Octet Number of Bits Dotted Decimal Value 128 192 224 240 248 252 254 255 ON O oa A WwW N The following table displays several common netmask values in both the dotted decimal and the masklength formats Table 9 2 Netmask Formats Dotted Decimal Masklength 255 0 0 0 8 255 255 0 0 16 255 255 255 0 24 255 255 255 128 25 255 255 255 192 26 255 255 255 224 27 255 255 255 240 28 255 255 255 248 29 255 255 255 252 30 255 255 255 254 31 255 255 255 255 32 NETGEAR strongly recommends that you configure all hosts on a LAN segment to use the same netmask for the following reasons e So that hosts recognize local IP broadcast packets B 6 Network and Routing Basics 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G When a device broadcasts to its segment neighbors it uses a destination address of the local network address with all ones for the host address In order for this scheme to work all devices on the segment mu
186. lays showing that the new tunnel is enabled VPN Policies Policy Table Enable Name Type Local Remote ESP 1 RoadWarrior Auto 192 168 3 1 255 255 255 0 3DES Figure 8 8 VPN Policies To view or modify the tunnel settings select the radio button next to the tunnel entry and click Edit Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 11 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Note Refer to Using Auto Policy to Configure VPN Tunnels on page 8 36 to enable the IKE keepalive capability on an existing VPN tunnel Step 2 Configuring the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client on the Remote PC This procedure describes how to configure the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client We will assume the PC running the client has a dynamically assigned IP address The PC must have the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client program installed that supports IPSec Go to the NETGEAR website iittp www netgear com and select VPNO1L_VPNOSL in the Product Quick Find drop down menu for information on how to purchase the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client gt Note Before installing the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client software be sure to turn off any virus protection or firewall software you may be running on your PC 1 Install the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client on the remote PC and reboot You may need to insert your Windows CD to complete the installation If you do not have a modem or dial up
187. ler spasimo Routing Information prototo PE E EE E T E IP Addresses and the Internet c c cccocsccceccsccccsessscesssseresosescnedsoesenasoasuoesscoeexavesscoeaevants B 2 Single IP Aaea Gardian Using NAT eee MAC Addresses and Address Resolution Protocol 0 ccseseeees Related RUN IS v dedc c accep ecaiigardc saan e Donam Name Seer onesie seue da peepee cues ed aerate meee ae IP Configuration by DHCP intemet Security and Firewalls esses ossedccccededaioxennncosanrnvetiddatetanidan nin D Whal kba Wall pnasisnusnmnan anaa ana BOVE Stateful Packet Inspection c cccccteccsseccsseesseesseceseeessaeeaeeeses Penala NE ANI eaa Etemel rs NIT sinonisnaninniae a a larnupnis ain eeicaaniabnN paayaen pmrtuenaleen EM Category 5 Cable Quality Inside Twisted Pair Cables Uplink Switches Crossover Cables and J MDI MDIX x Switching Appendix C Preparing Your Network Preparing Your Computers for TCP IP Networking Configuring Windows 95 98 and Me for TCP IP Networking 0 c eee eens Installing or Verifying Windows Networking Component 0 eee eee C 2 Enabling DHCP to Automatically Configure TCP IP Settings in Windows 95B 98 and Me C 4 Selecting the Windows Internet Access Method punane nanan ae x Contents 202 10006 05 June 2005 Verifying TCP IP Properties Configuring Windows NT4 2000 or XP for IP Networking be Installing or Verifying Wi
188. lick Apply Note You can copy and paste the MAC addresses from the router s Attached Devices menu into the MAC Address box of this menu To do this configure each wireless computer to obtain a wireless link to the router The computer should then appear in the Attached Devices menu 4 10 Wireless Configuration Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Note If you are configuring the router from a wireless computer whose MAC address is gt not in the Trusted Wireless Stations list and you select Trusted Wireless Stations only you will lose your wireless connection when you click Apply You must then access the router from a wired computer to make any further changes 6 Make sure the Turn Access Control On check box is selected then click Apply Now only devices on this list will be allowed to wirelessly connect to the DG834G This prevents unauthorized access to your network Choosing WEP Authentication and Security Encryption Methods Security Encryption WEP Authentication Type Open System E Encryption Strength Open System Shared Ke Security Encryption WEP Key Passphrase _ Generate key 1 E18600E9CES20F95AE00B22A Key 2 ti SSS E Key 3 O Eoo o o o oooO o S Key 4 CoS E Aep cancer Figure 4 5 Security Encryption section Restricting wireless access prevents intruders from connecting to your network However the wir
189. licy To do this an enterprise can set up multiple SAs to enable multiple secure VPNs as well as define SAs within the VPN to support different departments and business partners E 4 Virtual Private Networking 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Mode SAs operate using modes A mode is the method in which the IPSec protocol is applied to the packet IPSec can be used in tunnel mode or transport mode Typically the tunnel mode is used for gateway to gateway IPSec tunnel protection while transport mode is used for host to host IPSec tunnel protection A gateway is a device that monitors and manages incoming and outgoing network traffic and routes the traffic accordingly A host is a device that sends and receives network traffic Transport Mode The transport mode IPSec implementation encapsulates only the packet s payload The IP header is not changed After the packet is processed with IPSec the new IP packet contains the old IP header with the source and destination IP addresses unchanged and the processed packet payload Transport mode does not shield the information in the IP header therefore an attacker can learn where the packet is coming from and where it is going to The previous packet diagrams show a packet in transport mode Tunnel Mode The tunnel mode IPSec implementation encapsulates the entire IP packet The entire packet becomes the payload of the packet that
190. lly obtain this configuration information A device on the network may act as a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP server The DHCP server stores a list or pool of IP addresses along with other information such as gateway and DNS addresses that it may assign to the other devices on the network The DG834G wireless router has the capacity to act as a DHCP server Network and Routing Basics B 9 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G The DG834G wireless router also functions as a DHCP client when connecting to the ISP The router can automatically obtain an IP address subnet mask DNS server addresses and a gateway address if the ISP provides this information by DHCP Internet Security and Firewalls When your LAN connects to the Internet through a router an opportunity is created for outsiders to access or disrupt your network A NAT router provides some protection because by the very nature of the Network Address Translation NAT process the network behind the NAT router is shielded from access by outsiders on the Internet However there are methods by which a determined hacker can possibly obtain information about your network or at the least can disrupt your Internet access A greater degree of protection is provided by a firewall router What is a Firewall A firewall is a device that protects one network from another while allowing communication between the two
191. lobal Statistics Non Secured Packets 411738 Serured Packets 65 Ehz My Connections toDG834 192 168 2 2 255 255 255 255 192 168 3 1 255 255 255 0 22 23 24 25 ALL Figure 8 19 Connection Monitor screen In this example you can see the following e The DG834G has a public IP WAN address of 22 23 24 25 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 19 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e The DG834G has a LAN IP address of 192 168 3 1 e The VPN client PC has a dynamically assigned address of 192 168 2 2 While the connection is being established the Connection Name field in this menu will say SA before the name of the connection When the connection is successful the SA will change to the yellow key symbol shown in the illustration above normal Internet access If this is the case you will need to close the VPN connection in Note While your PC is connected to a remote LAN through a VPN you might not have order to have normal Internet access How to Set Up a Gateway to Gateway VPN Configuration Note This section uses the VPN Wizard to set up the VPN tunnel using the VPNC gt default parameters listed in Table 8 2 on page 8 5 If you have special requirements not covered by these VPNC recommended parameters refer to How to Set Up VPN Tunnels in Special Circumstances on page 8 35 to set up the VPN tunnel Follo
192. ment provides case studies on how to configure secure IPSec VPN tunnels This document assumes the reader has a working knowledge of NETGEAR management systems NETGEAR is a member of the VPN Consortium a group formed to facilitate IPSec VPN vendor interoperability The VPN Consortium has developed specific scenarios to aid system administrators in the often confusing process of connecting two different vendor implementations of the IPSec standard The case studies in this TechNote follow the addressing and configuration mechanics defined by the VPN Consortium Additional information regarding inter vendor interoperability may be found at hitp www vpnc org interop html It is a good idea to gather all the necessary information required to establish a VPN before you begin the configuration process You should understand whether the firmware is up to date all of the addresses that will be necessary and all of the parameters that need to be set on both sides Try to understand any incompatibilities before you begin so that you minimize any potential complications which may arise from normal firewall or WAN processes If you are not a full time system administrator it is a good idea to familiarize yourself with the mechanics of a VPN The brief description in this TechNote will help Other good sources include e The NETGEAR VPN Tutorial http www netgear com planetvpn pvpn_2 html e The VPN Consortium http www vpnc org e The VPN bi
193. ministrating the VPN Security Policy Editor NETGEAR ProSafe PN Client oj xp Eile Edit Options Help APERE NETGEAR N Network Security Policy E L My Connecti p Connection Security Secure T Only Connect Manually C Non secure S FC Block r Remote Party Identity and Addressing ID Type Any v IP Address fo 0 0 0 0 Protocol All X Pot All I F Connect using Secure Gateway Tunnel ID Type IP Address z 0 0 0 0 Figure 8 9 Security Policy Editor New Connection S Security Policy Editor NETGEAR ProSafe YPN Client 5 xf File Edit Options Help a me Po x ta tll NETGEAR S Network Security Policy Ei My Connections toDGS34 Secure Dy Other Connections T Only Connect Manually C Non secure C Block r Remote Party Identity and Addressing ID Type IP Subnet z Subnet 192 168 3 1 Msk oss255 2550 Protocol fury Port pmo E r Connection Security I Connect using Secure Gateway Tunnel X ID Type IP Address X 22 23 24 25 Figure 8 10 Security Policy Editor Connection Settings e Select the Secure in the Connection Security check box e Select IP Subnet in the ID Type menu Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 13 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e In this example type 192 168 3 1 in the Subnet field as the network address of the DG834G e Enter 255 2
194. n ON or OFF IP Address The IP Address assigned to the WAN port by the ADSL Internet Service Provider Network Mask The Network Mask assigned to the WAN port by the ADSL Internet Service Provider 6 8 Managing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Viewing Attached Devices The Attached Devices menu contains a table of all IP devices that the router has discovered on the local network From the Main Menu of the browser interface under the Maintenance heading select Attached Devices to view the table shown in Figure 6 7 Attached Devices DHCP Addresses IP Address Device Name MAC Address 1 192 168 0 2 PSERVER 00 c0 02 34 45 16 2 192 168 0 3 ALSALLETTE XP2 00 d0 59 e1 f8 5d 3 192 168 0 4 BLACKDELL 00 09 5b 0f db 13 4 192 168 0 5 OLD 00 c0 4f29 bfc8 5 192 168 0 6 ALSALLETTE XP2 00 d0 59 d8 10 20 Figure 6 7 Attached Devices menu For each device the table shows the IP address Device Name if available and the Ethernet MAC address Note that if the router is rebooted the table data is lost until the router rediscovers the devices To force the router to look for attached devices click the Refresh button Viewing Selecting and Saving Logged Information The router will log security related events such as denied incoming service requests hacker probes and administrator logins If you enabled content filtering in the Block Sites menu the Logs page can
195. n a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures e Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna e Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver e Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected e Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for help Federal Communications Commission FCC Radiation Exposure Statement This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment In order to avoid the possibility of exceeding the FCC radio frequency exposure limits human proximity to the antenna shall not be less than 20 cm 8 inches during normal operation EN 55 022 Declaration of Conformance This is to certify that the DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router is shielded against the generation of radio interference in accordance with the application of Council Directive 89 336 EEC Article 4a Conformity is declared by the application of EN 55 022 Class B CISPR 22 Best tigung des Herstellers Importeurs Es wird hiermit best tigt da das DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router gem der im BMPT AmtsblVfg 243 1991 und Vfg 46 1992 aufgef hrten Bestimmungen entstdrt ist Das vorschriftsmaBige Bet
196. nal computer and a network gateway and between two or more network gateways The DG834G supports both of these types of VPN configurations The DG834G wireless router supports up to five concurrent tunnels Client to Gateway VPN Tunnels Client to Gateway VPN Tunnels provide secure access from a remote PC such as a telecommuter connecting to an office network see Figure 8 1 VPN Tunnel DG834G id I Cp PC Running NETGEAR PCs ProSafe VPN Client Figure 8 1 Client to Gateway VPN Tunnel A VPN client access allows a remote PC to connect to your network from any location on the Internet In this case the remote PC is one tunnel endpoint running the VPN client software The DG834G wireless router on your network is the other tunnel endpoint See How to Set Upa Client to Gateway VPN Configuration on page 8 6 to set up this configuration Gateway to Gateway VPN Tunnels e Gateway to Gateway VPN Tunnels provide secure access between networks such as a branch or home office and a main office see Figure 8 2 8 2 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G DG834G VPN Firewall VPN Tunnel DG834G VPN Firewall i Hi S PCs Figure 8 2 Gateway to Gateway VPN Tunnel A VPN between two or more NETGEAR VPN enabled routers is a good way to connect branch or home offices
197. nce Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Verify that the Obtain an IP address automatically radio button is selected e Verify that Obtain DNS server address automatically radio button is selected e Click the OK button This completes the DHCP configuration of TCP IP in Windows XP Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties General Alternate Configuration You can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports this capability Otherwise you need to ask your network administrator for the appropriate IP settings Obtain an IP address automatically Use the following IP address Obtain DNS server address automatically Use the following DNS server addresses DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows 2000 Once again after you have installed the network card TCP IP for Windows 2000 is configured TCP IP should be added by default and set to DHCP without your having to configure it However if there are problems follow these steps to configure TCP IP with DHCP for Windows 2000 Preparing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e Click on the My Network Places icon on the Windows desktop This will bring up a window called Network and Dial up Connections e Right click on Local Area Connection and
198. ndard AES although AES support will not be required initially for Wi Fi certification This is viewed as the optimal choice for security conscience organizations but the problem with AES is that it requires a fundamental redesign of the NIC s hardware in both the station and the access point TKIP is a pragmatic compromise that allows organizations to deploy better security while AES capable equipment is being designed manufactured and incrementally deployed Wireless Networking Basics D 15 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Is WPA Perfect WPA is not without its vulnerabilities Specifically it is susceptible to denial of service DoS attacks If the access point receives two data packets that fail the message integrity code MIC within 60 seconds of each other then the network is under an active attack and as a result the access point employs counter measures which include disassociating each station using the access point This prevents an attacker from gleaning information about the encryption key and alerts administrators but it also causes users to lose network connectivity for 60 seconds More than anything else this may just prove that no single security tactic is completely invulnerable WPA is a definite step forward in WLAN security over WEP and has to be thought of as a single part of an end to end network security strategy Product Support for WPA Starting in August 2003 NETGE
199. ndows Networking Component cece este O 7 DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows XP 2000 or NT4 eeeeseeeeeteeeteeereees 0 8 DHCP De of TOP IP in Windaws XP a Gs DHCP haan st TCP IP i in Andon PDS E tries isasinian C 13 Verifying TCP IP Properties for Windows XP 2000 and NT4 ou eee O 15 Configuring the Macintosh for TCP IP Networking wares GAB MOS BG Or OK oroni E eer rrr eed MacOS X sgeohaiecgutene EE a A E E E Verifying TCP IP Fom ties for Macintosh i Cangt PS iaa Ee Verifying the Readiness of Your Internet Account E E Are Login Protocols Used N T 8 What Is Your Configuration informatio 2 iste TE sere C 18 Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for aaiae TEOMA P S i Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Macintosh Pba E TE C 20 Restarting me NENON 255 sc0i ace Tasaaeeeeeuladautesscucanreibnledmiacimee eM nlectiomeenaudaene Appendix D Wireless Networking Basics Wireless Networki nat ORIG ssc E E AE E E E A E ETA OT Ad Hoc Mode siPeaiie hase COD saraga a Network Name Extended Service Sel Identification ESSID einan D 802 11 Avihacticatan Open System Authenti Sie i A E E Shared Key Authentication cccccccccsccsseccssccsseecsesessecssecessecssecsseecssesesesstsessseses Dol Overview of WEP Parameters WEP Citi IOS oss cass erst eadsinnsds isase innar eT TC NN Gs ace ce ks we E nace ceed A E A pane du E A E E A E INPA Wie less SEGUY cssirsciicar
200. nect sends it back to AP CICICS PC s 4 AP decrypts and if correct lt authenticates client 5 Client connects to network gt Figure D 2 Shared key authentication Overview of WEP Parameters Before enabling WEP on an 802 11 network you must first consider what type of encryption you require and the key size you want to use Typically there are three WEP Encryption options available for 802 11 products 1 Do Not Use WEP The 802 11 network does not encrypt data For authentication purposes the network uses Open System Authentication 2 Use WEP for Encryption A transmitting 802 11 device encrypts the data portion of every packet it sends using a configured WEP Key The receiving device decrypts the data using the same WEP Key For authentication purposes the network uses Open System Authentication 3 Use WEP for Authentication and Encryption A transmitting 802 11 device encrypts the data portion of every packet it sends using a configured WEP Key The receiving device decrypts the data using the same WEP Key For authentication purposes the wireless network uses Shared Key Authentication Note Some 802 11 access points also support Use WEP for Authentication Only Shared Key Authentication without data encryption Wireless Networking Basics D 5 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Key Size The IEEE 802 11 standard supports two types of WEP
201. nection Name and Remote IP Type Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 9 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G The Summary screen below displays VPN Wizard Summary Please verify your inputs Connection Name RoadvVarrior Remote VPN Endpoint Client PC Remote Client Access Single PC no Subnet Remote IP Dynamic Remote ID Local Client Access By subnet Local IP 192 168 3 1 255 255 255 0 Local ID You can click here to view the YPNC recommended parameters Please click Done to apply the changes Figure 8 6 VPN Wizard Summary 8 10 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G To view the VPNC recommended authentication and encryption settings used by the VPN Wizard click the here link see Figure 8 6 Click Back to return to the Summary screen VPN Consortium VPNC Recommendation The following parameters are recommended by the YPNC and used in the YPN Wizard Secure Association Main Mode Authentication Method Pre shared Key Encryption Protocol 3DES Authentication Protocol SHA 1 Key Life 8 hours IKE Life Time 1 hour NETBIOS Enabled Back Figure 8 7 VPNC Recommended Settings 3 Click Done on the Summary screen see Figure 8 6 to complete the configuration procedure The VPN Policies menu below disp
202. net resource and Windows will open it For you Open ping 192 168 0 L i v Figure 8 32 Running a Ping test to the LAN from the PC This will cause a continuous ping to be sent to the first DG834G After between several seconds and two minutes the ping response should change from timed out to reply Note Use Cntl C to stop the pinging Pinging 192 168 0 1 with 32 bytes of dat Reply from 192 168 0 1 bytes 32 time lt i1 Reply from 192 168 0 1 bytes 32 time lt i1 Reply from 192 168 0 1 bytes 32 time 1 Figure 8 33 Ping test results Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 29 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Once the connection is established you can open the browser of the PC and enter the LAN IP address of the remote DG834G After a short wait you should see the login screen of the Router unless another PC already has the DG834G management interface open Gateway to Gateway Configuration test the VPN tunnel by pinging the remote network from a PC attached to the DG834G a Open command prompt i e Start gt Run gt cmd b ping 192 168 3 1 Pinging 192 168 3 1 with 32 bytes of data Reply from 192 168 3 1 bytes 32 time 2 ms TTL 254 Reply from 192 168 3 1 bytes 32 time 1 ms TTL 254 Reply from 192 168 3 1 bytes 32 time 2 ms TTL 254 Figure 8 34 Pinging test results Note The pings may fail the first
203. nformation about the remote VPN client PC You will need to provide The Pre Shared Key that you configured in the DG834G Either a fixed IP address or a fixed virtual IP address of the VPN client PC 8 14 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G In the Network Security Policy list on the left side of the Security Policy Editor window click on My Identity S Security Policy Editor NETGEAR ProSafe PN Client E fe x Eile Edit Options Help Baxa tl NETGEAR N Network Security Policy My Connections r My Identity toDG834 Pre Shared Key G My identity Select Certificate H E Security Policy None Qs Other Connections ID Type Port IP Address bl All Z Any Virtual Adapter Disabled ind Intemal Network IP Address 0 0 0 0 r Internet Interface Name Ang IP Addr Any Figure 8 12 Security Policy Editor My Identity Choose None in the Select Certificate menu Select IP Address in the ID Type menu If you are using a virtual fixed IP address enter this address in the Internal Network IP Address box Otherwise leave this box empty In the Internet Interface box select the adapter you use to access the Internet Select PPP Adapter in the Name menu if you have a dial up Internet account Select your Ethernet adapter if you have a dedicated Cable or DSL line You may als
204. nnector A Connecting the Router to the Internet 3 5 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 3 4 Connecting an ADSL microfilter and phone Note To use a one line filter with a separate splitter insert the splitter into the phone outlet connect the one line filter to the splitter and connect the phone to the filter 2 CONNECT THE DG834G TO THE ADSL FILTER Note Improperly connecting a filter to your DG834G wireless router will block your ADSL connection a Turn off your computer b Connect the ADSL port of the DG834G to the ADSL port B of the two line filter 54 Mbps Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 3 5 Connecting the DG834G wireless router to an ADSL microfilter and phone 3 6 Connecting the Router to the Internet 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G c Connect the Ethernet cable C from your DG834G s LAN port to the Ethernet adapter in your computer Jil gt N deia 54 Mbps Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Figure 3 6 Connecting a computer to the DG834G wireless router Note The DG834G wireless router incorporates Auto Uplink technology Each Ethernet LAN port
205. nt to Gateway VPN Tunnel on the VPN Router at the ESA SY e MAD NGE verissima aaa aa aa SAANANE AANE EEA F 14 Step 2 Configuring the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client on the Remote PC at the Telecommuters Fome OMGE arranoa in aes F 16 Monitoring the VPN Tunnel Telecommuter Example esssseessssssssssrresersrressrrnnesesennns F 25 Viewing the PC Client s Connection Monitor and Log Viewer nesses F 25 Viewing the VPN Router s VPN Status and Log Information ccceeeeeeeees F 27 Glossary Contents xiii 202 10006 05 June 2005 xiv Contents 202 10006 05 June 2005 Chapter 1 About This Manual This chapter describes the intended audience scope conventions and formats of this manual Audience Scope Conventions and Formats This reference manual assumes that the reader has basic to intermediate computer and Internet skills However basic computer network Internet firewall and VPN technologies tutorial information is provided in the Appendices and on the Netgear website This guide uses the following typographical conventions Table 1 1 Typographical Conventions italics Emphasis books CDs URL names bold User input fixed Screen text file and server names extensions commands IP addresses This guide uses the following formats to highlight special messages Ce Note This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest This manual is written
206. nter the IP address that your ISP assigned Also enter the IP Subnet Mask and the Gateway IP Address The gateway is the ISP s router to which your router will connect e Select IP Over ATM IPoA if your ISP uses Classical IP Addresses RFC1577 Enter the IP address IP Subnet Mask and Gateway IP Addresses that your ISP assigned Domain Name Server DNS Address e Select Get Dynamically from ISP if your ISP uses DHCP to assign your IP address Your ISP will automatically assign this address e Ifyou know that your ISP does not automatically transmit DNS addresses to the router during login select Use these DNS servers and enter the IP address of your ISP s Primary DNS Server If a Secondary DNS Server address is available enter it also A DNS server is a host on the Internet that translates Internet names such as www netgear com to numeric IP addresses Typically your ISP transfers the IP address of one or two DNS servers to your router during login If the ISP does not transfer an address you must obtain it from the ISP and enter it manually here You should only disable NAT if you are sure you do not require it NAT automatically assigns private IP addresses 192 168 0 x to LAN connected devices When NAT is disabled only standard routing is performed by this router Classical routing lets you directly manage the IP addresses the DG834G uses Classical routing should be selected only by experienced users
207. nts ADSL technology uses the same wires as your telephone service However ADSL adds signals to the telephone lines which create noise in the telephone service You must use ADSL microfilters to filter out these signals before they reach your telephone ADSL Microfilter Phone f Figure 3 1 ADSL microfilter Connecting the Router to the Internet 3 1 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Each device such as a telephone fax machine answering machine or caller ID display will require an ADSL microfilter Note Do not connect the DG834G to the ADSL line through a microfilter unless the microfilter is a combination microfilter splitter specifically designed for this purpose Doing so will prevent the built in ADSL modem in the DG834G from establishing a connection to the Internet If you have any doubts about this connect the DG834G directly to the ADSL line ADSL Microfilter with Built In Splitter DSL c Phone Figure 3 2 ADSL microfilter with built in splitter Use an ADSL microfilter with built in splitter when there is a single wall outlet which must provide connectivity for both the DG834G and telephone equipment Ethernet Cabling Requirements The DG834G wireless router connects to your Ethernet LAN via twisted pair cables If the computer will connect to your network at 100 Mbps you must use a Category 5 CATS cable such as
208. o Set Up a Gateway to Gateway VPN Configuration on page 8 20 being certain to use appropriate network addresses for the environment a In Step 1 enter toDG834 for the Connection Name b In Step 2 enter 14 15 16 17 for the remote WAN s IP address c In Step 3 enter the following e IP Address 10 5 6 1 e Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 F 4 NETGEAR VPN Configuration 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G a Pv Pr IKE Policy Configuration General Policy Name 10DG834 DirechonType Both Directons 14 15 16 17 3063 SHAt Group 2 1024 Bid Exchange Mode Main Mode z _ NA Local Locat igennty Type WAN IPAddress sd Click IKE Policies under ere pren e VPN to invoke this screen Sia PEP anane O Remote Identity Data s7 a IKE SA Parameters Encryphon agormm IDES Authentication Algorithm SHAT Authentication Method G Pre shared Kay RSA Signature requires Certificate Oiffie Hetman OH Group Group 2 1024 Ba ISA Life Time 20800 sets Back Appy _Cancet VPN Pollcles Policy Table g Cradle Name Tye Local Remote wm ESP G 1 F 10DG834 Auto 172 23 9 1 255 255 255 0 10 5 6 1 1255 255 2550 Disabied ESP Click VPN Policies under VPN Auto Polley VPN to invoke this screen pe Policy Name 10DG834 WE policy toDG834 2 I KE Keep Alive Ping IP Address CA CA A Remote VPN Endpoint Address Typ
209. o choose Any if you will be switching between adapters or if you have only one adapter Click the Pre Shared Key button In the Pre Shared Key dialog box click the Enter Key button Enter the DG834G s Pre Shared Key and click OK In this example 12345678 is entered This field is case sensitive Pre Shared Key x r Enter Pre Shared Key at least 8 characters This key is used during Authentication Phase if the Authentication Method Proposal is Pre Shared key p OK Cancel Figure 8 13 Security Policy Editor Pre Shared Key Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 15 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 5 Configure the VPN Client Authentication Proposal In this step you will provide the type of encryption DES or 3DES to be used for this connection This selection must match your selection in the DG834G configuration In the Network Security Policy list on the left side of the Security Policy Editor window expand the Security Policy heading by double clicking its name or clicking on the symbol Expand the Authentication subheading by double clicking its name or clicking on the symbol Then select Proposal 1 below Authentication IN Security Policy Editor NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client File Edit Options Help gt tal NETGEAR Network Security Policy My Connections Authentication Method and Algori
210. omDG834G responding to Quick Mode Tue 2005 05 24 20 46 36 fromDG834G IPsec SA established Tue 2005 05 24 20 50 41 deleting connection fromDG834G instan Tue 2005 05 24 20 50 41 deleting connection fromDG834c Tue 2005 05 24 20 50 41 shutting down interface ipsecO pppO 67 Tue 2005 05 24 20 50 42 added connection description fromDG834 Tue 2005 05 24 20 50 42 adding interface ipsecO pppO 67 116 6 4 a Refresh Clear Log VPN Status Figure F 26 VPN Status Log screen NETGEAR VPN Configuration F 27 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 2 To view the VPN tunnels status click the VPN Status link on the right side of the main menu Current VPN Tunnels SAs E Current PN Tunnels SAs Microsoft Internet Explorer SPI In SPI Out Policy Name Remote Endpoint Action SLifeTime HLifeTime aai8se44 afSbficb fromDG834G 66 120 188 152 Drop 3289 3287 Current VPN Tunnels SAs screen F 28 NETGEAR VPN Configuration 202 10006 05 June 2005 10BASE T 100BASE Tx 802 11b 802 119 802 11x Access Control List ACL Ad hoc Mode ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line Glossary IEEE 802 3 specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring IEEE 802 3 specification for 100 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring IEEE specification for w
211. on e Ifthe Network Neighborhood icon is on the Windows desktop position your mouse pointer over it and right click your mouse button e If the icon is not on the desktop e Click Start on the task bar located at the bottom left of the window e Choose Settings and then Control Panel e Locate the Network Neighborhood icon and click on it This will open the Network panel as shown below C 4 Preparing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Verify the following settings as shown e Client for Microsoft Network exists e Ethernet adapter is present e TCP IP is present e Primary Network Logon is set to Windows logon Click on the Properties button The following TCP IP Properties window will display Network 21x i Configuration Identification Access Control The following network components are installed E Client for Microsoft Networks 3Com Fast EtherLink xL 10 100Mb TX Ethernet Adapter TCP IP Eopenes Primary Network Logon Client for Microsoft Networks x Client for Microsoft Networks fwindows Logon Description The primary network logon is the client that is used to validate your user name and password process any login scripts and perform other startup tasks Preparing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G
212. on network layer information in the data and on routing tables maintained by the router In these routing tables a router builds up a logical picture of the overall network by gathering and exchanging information with other routers in the network Using this information the router chooses the best path for forwarding network traffic Routers vary in performance and scale number of routing protocols supported and types of physical WAN connection they support The DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router is a small office router that routes the IP protocol over a single user broadband connection Network and Routing Basics B 1 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Routing Information Protocol One of the protocols used by a router to build and maintain a picture of the network is the Routing Information Protocol RIP Using RIP routers periodically update one another and check for changes to add to the routing table The DG834G wireless router supports both the older RIP 1 and the newer RIP 2 protocols Among other improvements RIP 2 supports subnet and multicast protocols RIP is not required for most home applications IP Addresses and the Internet Because TCP IP networks are interconnected across the world every machine on the Internet must have a unique address to make sure that transmitted data reaches the correct destination Blocks of addresses are assigned to organization
213. one or two DNS servers for your use If you entered a DNS address during the router s configuration reboot your computer and verify the DNS address as described in Verifying TCP IP Properties on page C 6 Alternatively you can configure your computer manually with DNS addresses as explained in your operating system documentation Your computer may not have the router configured as its TCP IP router If your computer obtains its information from the router by DHCP reboot the computer and verify the router address as described in Verifying TCP IP Properties on page C 6 Troubleshooting a TCP IP Network Using the Ping Utility Most TCP IP terminal devices and routers contain a ping utility that sends an echo request packet to the designated device The device then responds with an echo reply Troubleshooting a TCP IP network is made very easy by using the ping utility in your computer Testing the LAN Path to Your Router You can ping the router from your computer to verify that the LAN path to your router is set up correctly To ping the router from a PC running Windows 95 or later 1 2 From the Windows toolbar click the Start button and select Run In the field provided type Ping followed by the IP address of the router as in this example ping 192 168 0 1 Click OK You should see a message like this one Pinging lt IP address gt with 32 bytes of data If the path is working you see this message Reply
214. opens holes in your firewall Only enable those ports that are necessary for your network Following are two application examples of inbound rules Inbound Rule Example A Local Public Web Server If you host a public Web server on your local network you can define a rule to allow inbound Web HTTP requests from any outside IP address to the IP address of your Web server at any time of day This rule is shown in Figure 5 5 5 6 Protecting Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Inbound Services Service HTTP TCP 80 x Action os Send to LAN Server 2 fjes 199 WAN Users iy start at ie finish fo fo Back Cancel Figure 5 5 Rule example A Local Public Web Server The parameters are e Service From this list select the application or service to be allowed or blocked The list already displays many common services but you are not limited to these choices Use the Services menu to add any additional services or applications that do not already appear e Action Choose how you want this type of traffic to be handled You can block or allow always or you can choose to block or allow according to the schedule you have defined in the Schedule menu e Send to LAN Server Enter the IP address of the computer or server on your LAN which will receive the inbound traffic covered by this rule e WAN Users These settings determine which packets
215. orking Basics Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Client with a WPA enabled wireless adapter and supplicant Win XP Funk For example a For example a Meetinghouse WPA enabled AP RADIUS server Supplicant Identity Identity Request Credentials Request Credentials Credentials Credentials gt gt Authentication Key Authentication Key Uncontrolled Port LAN Resources Controlled Port Figure D 4 802 1x Authentication Sequence The AP sends Beacon Frames with WPA information element to the stations in the service set Information elements include the required authentication method 802 1x or Pre shared key and the preferred cipher suite WEP TKIP or AES Probe Responses AP to station and Association Requests station to AP also contain WPA information elements 1 Initial 802 1x communications begin with an unauthenticated supplicant client device attempting to connect with an authenticator 802 11 access point The client sends an EAP start message This begins a series of message exchanges to authenticate the client 2 The access point replies with an EAP request identity message Wireless Networking Basics D 13 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 3 The client sends an EAP response packet containing the identity to the authentication server The access point responds by enabling a port for
216. passing only EAP packets from the client to an authentication server located on the wired side of the access point The access point blocks all other traffic such as HTTP DHCP and POP3 packets until the access point can verify the client s identity using an authentication server for example RADIUS 4 The authentication server uses a specific authentication algorithm to verify the client s identity This could be through the use of digital certificates or some other EAP authentication type 5 The authentication server will either send an accept or reject message to the access point 6 The access point sends an EAP success packet or reject packet to the client 7 Ifthe authentication server accepts the client then the access point will transition the client s port to an authorized state and forward additional traffic The important part to know at this point is that the software supporting the specific EAP type resides on the authentication server and within the operating system or application supplicant software on the client devices The access point acts as a pass through for 802 1x messages which means that you can specify any EAP type without needing to upgrade an 802 1x compliant access point As a result you can update the EAP authentication type to such devices as token cards Smart Cards Kerberos one time passwords certificates and public key authentication or as newer types become available and your requirement
217. r M Schneider J Turner Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol ISAKMP RFC 2409 D Harkins D Carrel Internet Key Exchange IKE protocol RFC 2401 S Kent R Atkinson Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol E 12 Virtual Private Networking 202 10006 05 June 2005 Appendix F NETGEAR VPN Configuration DG834G to FVL328 This appendix is a case study on how to configure a secure IPSec VPN tunnel from a NETGEAR DG834G to a FVL328 This case study follows the VPN Consortium interoperability profile guidelines found at http www vpnc org InteropProfiles Interop O1 html Configuration Profile The configuration in this document follows the addressing and configuration mechanics defined by the VPN Consortium Gather all the necessary information before you begin the configuration process Verify whether the firmware is up to date all of the addresses that will be necessary and all of the parameters that need to be set on both sides Check that there are no firewall restrictions Table F 1 Profile Summary VPN Consortium Scenario Scenario 1 Type of VPN LAN to LAN or Gateway to Gateway not PC Client to Gateway Security Scheme IKE with Preshared Secret Key not Certificate based Date Tested June 2004 Model Firmware Tested NETGEAR Gateway A DG834G firmware version V2 10 17 NETGEAR Gateway B FVL328 with firmware version V2 0_07 IP Addressing NETGEAR Gateway A S
218. r DG834G e Easy Web based setup for installation and management e Extensive Internet protocol support e Trustworthy VPN Communications over the Internet e VPN Wizard for easy VPN configuration e Content filtering e Auto Sensing and Auto Uplink LAN Ethernet connections These features are discussed below A Powerful True Firewall Unlike simple Internet sharing NAT routers the DG834G is a true firewall using stateful packet inspection to defend against hacker attacks Its firewall features include e Denial of Service DoS protection Automatically detects and thwarts Denial of Service DoS attacks such as Ping of Death SYN Flood LAND Attack and IP Spoofing e Blocks unwanted traffic from the Internet to your LAN e Blocks access from your LAN to Internet locations or services that you specify as off limits e Logs security incidents The DG834G will log security events such as blocked incoming traffic port scans attacks and administrator logins You can configure the router to email the log to you at specified intervals You can also configure the router to send immediate alert messages to your email address or email pager whenever a significant event occurs 802 11 Standards based Wireless Networking The DG834G wireless router includes an 802 11 g compliant wireless access point providing continuous high speed 10 100 Mbps access between your wireless and Ethernet devices The access point provides e 802 11g St
219. reiben einiger Ger te z B 202 10006 05 June 2005 Testsender kann jedoch gewissen Beschr nkungen unterliegen Lesen Sie dazu bitte die Anmerkungen in der Betriebsanleitung Das Bundesamt fiir Zulassungen in der Telekommunikation wurde davon unterrichtet da dieses Ger t auf den Markt gebracht wurde und es ist berechtigt die Serie auf die Erf llung der Vorschriften hin zu berpr fen Certificate of the Manufacturer Importer It is hereby certified that the DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router has been suppressed in accordance with the conditions set out in the BMPT AmtsblVfg 243 1991 and Vfg 46 1992 The operation of some equipment for example test transmitters in accordance with the regulations may however be subject to certain restrictions Please refer to the notes in the operating instructions Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market and has been granted the right to test the series for compliance with the regulations Voluntary Control Council for Interference VCCI Statement This equipment is in the second category information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area thereto and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Data Processing Equipment and Electronic Office Machines aimed at preventing radio interference in such residential areas When used near a radio or TV receiver it m
220. rence Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Connect Automatically as Required Normally this option should be enabled so that an Internet connection will be made automatically whenever Internet bound traffic is detected If this causes high connection costs you can disable this setting If disabled you must connect manually using the sub screen accessed from the Connection Status button on the Status screen If you have an Always on connection this setting has no effect Disable Port Scan and DOS Protection The Firewall protects your LAN against Port Scans and Denial of Service DOS attacks This should be disabled only in special circumstances Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port If you want the router to respond to a ping from the Internet select the Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port check box This should only be used as a diagnostic tool since it allows your router to be discovered Do not select this box unless you have a specific reason to do so MTU Size The normal MTU Maximum Transmit Unit value for most Ethernet networks is 1500 Bytes or 1492 Bytes for PPPoE connections For some ISPs you may need to reduce the MTU But this is rarely required and should not be done unless you are sure it is necessary for your ISP connection Configuring LAN IP Settings The LAN IP Setup menu allows configuration of LAN IP services such as DHCP and RIP These features can be found un
221. rent YPN Tunnels SAs Microsoft Internet Explorer Current VPN Tunnels SAs SPI n SPI Out PolicyName Remote Endpoint Action SLifeTime HLifeTime 2 _ _ GtoG Connect _ _ Figure 8 47 Current VPN Tunnels SAs Screen c Review the VPN Status Log screen Figure 8 46 to verify that the tunnel is connected Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 47 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Using Manual Policy to Configure VPN Tunnels As an alternative to IKE you may use Manual Keying in which you must specify each phase of the connection A Manual VPN policy requires all settings for the VPN tunnel to be manually input at each end both VPN endpoints Click the VPN Policies link of the main menu and then click the Add Manual Policy radio button to display the Manual Keys menu shown in Figure 8 48 VPN Policies Policy Table Enable Name Te Local Remote ESP Ce 1 192 168 0 0 7 La ioien Auto 255 255 255 0 3DES Apply Cancel Add Auto Policy Add Manual Policy 192 168 0 0 192 168 2 0 2 O TOR Auto 255 255 255 0 255 255 255 0 SES Edit Delete VPN Manual Policy General Policy Name Remote VPN Endpoint address Type Fixed IP Address z Address Data M NETBIOS Enable Local LAN IP Address Subnet ad
222. resses do not overlap or conflict That is each set of addresses should be separate and distinct Virtual Private Networking E 7 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table E 1 WAN Internet Public and LAN Internal Private Addressing Gateway LAN or WAN VPNC Example Address Gateway A LAN Private 10 5 6 1 Gateway A WAN Public 14 15 16 17 Gateway B LAN Private 22 23 24 25 Gateway B WAN Public 172 23 9 1 It will also be important to know the subnet mask of both gateway LAN Connections Use the worksheet in Table 8 1 on page 8 4 to gather the necessary address and subnet mask information to aid in the configuration and troubleshooting process Table E 2 Subnet Addressing Gateway LAN or WAN Interface Name Example Subnet Mask Gateway A LAN Private Subnet Mask A 255 255 255 0 Gateway B LAN Private Subnet Mask B 255 255 255 0 Firewalls It is important to understand that many gateways are also firewalls VPN tunnels cannot function properly if firewall settings disallow all incoming traffic Please refer to the firewall instructions for both gateways to understand how to open specific protocols ports and addresses that you intend to allow Setting Up a VPN Tunnel Between Gateways A SA frequently called a tunnel is the set of information that allows two entities networks PCs routers firewalls gateways to tr
223. rin n O R i 2 3 Vinual Private Networking YPN nsrssnaririsnnai cesta latent nerraina er tenet 2 5 ae aE E clan seni a E AN A Sad de oe E E OEE E 2 5 Auto Sensing and Auto Uplink LAN Ethernet Connections c cccccesseeeeeees 2 5 Vha Sept Che Bl ororau 2 5 The Pouior s Froni Panel sanen A 2 6 The Roulers Rear Panel scoici ES 2 7 Chapter 3 Connecting the Router to the Internet What You Neod Before You Begi esersrissnisadsoaniss apnea nE 3 1 ADSL Microfilter ReguitemeMS ssuinirusssssiddootinaus uniana 3 1 Paice WAL Tcl fc 1 gunner ee operons Erotic Smet an Seep ter epemerye ey Umer enn rete rr ornr eer 3 1 ADSL Microfilter with Built lt Spier sirrinin Na 3 2 Ethernet Cabling Reguiremeits ssscivicsscpccstcsess ociauanesancaacaaeteteieaeionciadenhonedeeeesaneiaaess 3 2 Computer Hardware ReguirementS cciccccscasceecsscachenasctetaceedaie semeeedcacnieeesstelaneciaacuannees 3 2 LAN Configuration ReguirememS scissure aiaia aa 3 2 Internet Configuration Reguiemenis eccceeseeceeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeaaeseeeeeeeeaeeseeneeeeaas 3 3 Contents v 202 10006 05 June 2005 a Your aae niea ioma a Connecting the DG834G to Youl How to Connect the Reuter Auto Detecting Your Interne Wizard Detected PPPoE aah Aseoiini a es res Wizard Detected PPPoA Login Account Setup c ccccceseeeeseeeteeeeeeeeeeeeeeeene B11 Wizard Dele sted tensors IP Account eine Wizard Detected F Fixed IP P Statio en i Gap E
224. rivate resources selectively allowing only specific outside users to access specific resources Outbound rules LAN to WAN determine what outside resources local users can have access to A firewall has two default rules one for inbound traffic and one for outbound The default rules of the DG834G are e Inbound Block all access from outside except responses to requests from the LAN side e Outbound Allow all access from the LAN side to the outside You can define additional rules that will specify exceptions to the default rules By adding custom rules you can block or allow access based on the service or application source or destination IP addresses and time of day You can also choose to log traffic that matches or does not match the rule you have defined You can change the order of precedence of rules so that the rule that applies most often will take effect first See Order of Precedence for Rules on page 5 11 for more details To access the rules configuration of the DG834G click the Firewall Rules link on the main menu then click Add for either an Outbound or Inbound Service Firewall Rules Outbound Services Enable Service Name Action LAN Users WAN Servers Log Default Yes Any ALLOW always Any Any Never Add Edit Move Delete Inbound Services Enable Service Name Action LAN Server IP address WAN Users Log Default Yes Any BLOCK always Any Match Add Edit Move Delete Figure 5 4
225. rmance Placement and Range Guidelines The operating distance or range of your wireless connection can vary significantly based on the physical placement of the wireless firewall The latency data throughput performance and notebook power consumption also vary depending on your configuration choices Note Failure to follow these guidelines can result in significant performance degradation or inability to wirelessly connect to the router For complete range performance specifications please see Appendix A Technical Specifications gt For best results place your firewall e Near the center of the area in which your computers will operate e In an elevated location such as a high shelf where the wirelessly connected computers have line of sight access even if through walls e Away from sources of interference such as computers microwaves and cordless phones e With the Antenna tight and in the upright position e Away from large metal surfaces Wireless Configuration 4 1 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G The time it takes to establish a wireless connection can vary depending on both your security settings and placement WEP connections can take slightly longer to establish Also WEP encryption can consume more battery power on a notebook computer Implement Appropriate Wireless Security Note Indoors computers can connect over 802 11g wireless networks at a maxim
226. rmation from your Macintosh so that you can use this information when you configure the DG834G wireless router Following this procedure is only necessary when your ISP does not dynamically supply the account information To get the information you need to configure the router for Internet access i From the Apple menu select Control Panels then TCP IP The TCP IP Control Panel opens which displays a list of configuration settings If the Configure setting is Using DHCP Server your account uses a dynamically assigned IP address In this case close the Control Panel and skip the rest of this section 2 If an IP address and subnet mask are shown write down the information 3 Ifan IP address appears under Router address write down the address This is the ISP s gateway address 4 Ifany Name Server addresses are shown write down the addresses These are your ISP s DNS addresses 5 Ifany information appears in the Search domains information box write it down 6 Change the Configure setting to Using DHCP Server 7 Close the TCP IP Control Panel C 20 Preparing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Restarting the Network Once you have set up your computers to work with the router you must reset the network for the devices to be able to communicate correctly Restart any computer that is connected to the firewall Aft
227. rmines how long the router keeps the Internet connection active after there is no Internet activity from the LAN Entering an Idle Timeout value of zero means never log out When a connection uses PPPoE the IP address is normally assigned automatically However the DG834G allows this address to be set manually e Select Get Automatically from ISP if your ISP assigns your IP address e Select Use Static IP Address if your ISP gave you a statically assigned address The DNS server is used to look up site addresses based on their names e Select Get Automatically from ISP if your ISP uses DHCP to assign your DNS servers Your ISP will automatically assign this address e Select Use These DNS Servers if your ISP gave you one or two DNS addresses Type the primary and secondary addresses You should only disable NAT if you are sure you do not require it NAT automatically assigns private IP addresses 192 168 0 x to LAN connected devices When NAT is disabled only standard routing is performed by this router Classical routing lets you directly manage the IP addresses the DG834G uses Classical routing should be selected only by experienced users 3 16 Connecting the Router to the Internet 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Note Disabling NAT will reboot the router and reset all the DG834G configuration settings to the factory default Disable NAT onl
228. rnet connection you have and configure it See Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection on page 3 14 for instructions These options are described below In either case unless your ISP automatically assigns your configuration automatically via DHCP you need the configuration parameters from your ISP you recorded in Record Your Internet Connection Information on page 3 3 Auto Detecting Your Internet Connection Type The Web Configuration Manager built in to the router contains a Setup Wizard that can automatically determine your network connection type 1 If your router has not yet been configured the Setup Wizard shown in Figure 3 9 should launch automatically Connecting the Router to the Internet 3 9 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Note If instead of the Setup Wizard menu the main menu of the router s Configuration Manager as shown in Figure 3 15 appears click the Setup Wizard link in the upper left to bring up this menu 2 You must select a country and language Language choices are English French German and Italian After you change the language the remaining setup screens change to the language of your choice 3 Select Yes to allow the router to automatically determine your connection 4 Click Next The Setup Wizard will now check for the following connection types e Dynamic IP assignment e A login protocol such as PPPoE or
229. router If the IP configuration of your PC is assigned by DHCP this information will not be visible in your PC s Network Control Panel Verify that the IP address of the router is listed as the default router as described in Verifying TCP IP Properties on page C 6 Check to see that the network address of your PC the portion of the IP address specified by the netmask is different from the network address of the remote device Check that your cable or DSL modem is connected and functioning If your ISP assigned a host name to your PC enter that host name as the Account Name in the Basic Settings menu Your ISP could be rejecting the Ethernet MAC addresses of all but one of your PCs Many broadband ISPs restrict access by only allowing traffic from the MAC address of your broadband modem but some ISPs additionally restrict access to the MAC address of a single PC connected to that modem If this is the case you must configure your router to clone or spoof the MAC address from the authorized PC Refer to Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection on page 3 14 9 8 Troubleshooting 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Restoring the Default Configuration and Password This section explains how to restore the factory default configuration settings changing the router s administration password to password and the IP address to 192 168 0 1 You
230. rrently under development WPA is a subset of the current 802 11i draft and uses certain pieces of the 802 111 draft that are ready to bring to market today such as 802 1x and TKIP The main pieces of the 802 111 draft that are not included in WPA are secure IBSS Ad Hoc mode secure fast handoff for specialized 802 11 VoIP phones as well as enhanced encryption protocols such as AES CCMP These features are either not yet ready for market or will require hardware upgrades to implement What are the Key Features of WPA Security The following security features are included in the WPA standard e WPA Authentication e WPA Encryption Key Management Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP Michael message integrity code MIC AES Support to be phased in e Support for a Mixture of WPA and WEP Wireless Clients but mixing WEP and WPA is discouraged These features are discussed below WPA addresses most of the known WEP vulnerabilities and is primarily intended for wireless infrastructure networks as found in the enterprise This infrastructure includes stations access points and authentication servers typically RADIUS servers The RADIUS server holds or has access to user credentials for example user names and passwords and authenticates wireless users before they gain access to the network D 10 Wireless Networking Basics Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G The strength of WPA com
231. rs Log 1 Vv AIM BLOCK by schedule f Any Any Match Default Yes Any ALLOW always Any Any Never Add Edit Move Delete Inbound Services Enable Service Name Action LAN Server IP address WAN Users Log e 1 Vv CU SEEME ALLOW always 192 168 0 11 134 1 77 88 1 134 177 88 254 Not Match 2 Vv HTTP ALLOW always 192 168 0 99 Any Never Default Yes Any BLOCK always Any Match Add Edit Move Delete Figure 5 8 Rules table with examples Protecting Your Network 5 11 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G For any traffic attempting to pass through the firewall the packet information is subjected to the rules in the order shown in the Rules Table beginning at the top and proceeding to the default rules at the bottom In some cases the order of precedence of two or more rules may be important in determining the disposition of a packet The Move button allows you to relocate a defined rule to a new position in the table Services Services are functions performed by server computers at the request of client computers For example Web servers serve Web pages time servers serve time and date information and game hosts serve data about other players moves When a computer on the Internet sends a request for service to a server computer the requested service is identified by a service or port number This number appears as the destination port number
232. rver DNS Address Primary DNS a Secondary DNS Apply Cancel Test Figure 3 13 Setup Wizard menu for IP over ATM Classical IP address 1 Enter your assigned IP Address and Subnet Mask This information should have been provided to you by your ISP You need the configuration parameters from your ISP you recorded in Record Your Internet Connection Information on page 3 3 2 Enter the IP address of your ISP s Primary DNS Server If a Secondary DNS Server address is available enter it also DNS servers are required to perform the function of translating an Internet name such as www netgear com to a numeric IP address For a fixed IP address configuration you must obtain DNS server addresses from your ISP and enter them manually here 3 Click Apply to save the settings 3 12 Connecting the Router to the Internet 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 4 Click the Test button to test your Internet connection If the NETGEAR Web site does not appear within one minute refer to Chapter 9 Troubleshooting Wizard Detected Fixed IP Static Account Setup If the router determines that your Internet service account uses Fixed IP assignment you will be directed to the page shown in Figure 3 14 below Fixed IP Account Name lf Required ll Domain Name if Required Internet IP Address Use Static IP Address IP Address IP Subnet Mask
233. s by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IANA Individual users and small organizations may obtain their addresses either from the ANA or from an Internet service provider ISP You can contact IANA at www iana org The Internet Protocol IP uses a 32 bit address structure The address is usually written in dot notation also called dotted decimal notation in which each group of eight bits is written in decimal form separated by decimal points For example the following binary address 11000011 00100010 00001100 00000111 is normally written as 195 34 12 7 The latter version is easier to remember and easier to enter into your computer In addition the 32 bits of the address are subdivided into two parts The first part of the address identifies the network and the second part identifies the host node or station on the network The dividing point may vary depending on the address range and the application There are five standard classes of IP addresses These address classes have different ways of determining the network and host sections of the address allowing for different numbers of hosts on a network Each address type begins with a unique bit pattern which is used by the TCP IP software to identify the address class After the address class has been determined the software can correctly identify the host section of the address The follow figure shows the three main address classes including network and host sections o
234. s for security change WPA Data Encryption Key Management With 802 1x the rekeying of unicast encryption keys is optional Additionally 802 11 and 802 1x provide no mechanism to change the global encryption key used for multicast and broadcast traffic With WPA rekeying of both unicast and global encryption keys is required For the unicast encryption key the Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP changes the key for every frame and the change is synchronized between the wireless client and the wireless access point AP For the global encryption key WPA includes a facility the Information Element for the wireless AP to advertise the changed key to the connected wireless clients If configured to implement dynamic key exchange the 802 1x authentication server can return session keys to the access point along with the accept message The access point uses the session keys to build sign and encrypt an EAP key message that is sent to the client immediately after sending the success message The client can then use contents of the key message to define applicable encryption keys In typical 802 1x implementations the client can automatically change encryption keys as often as necessary to minimize the possibility of eavesdroppers having enough time to crack the key in current use D 14 Wireless Networking Basics Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP WPA uses T
235. se your wireless connection when you click Apply You must then either configure your wireless adapter to match the router WEP settings or access the router from a wired computer to make any further changes gt How to Configure WPA PSK Note Not all wireless adapters support WPA Furthermore client software is required on the client Windows XP and Windows 2000 with Service Pack 3 do include the client software that supports WPA Nevertheless the wireless adapter hardware and driver must also support WPA Consult the product document for your wireless adapter and WPA client software for instructions on configuring WPA settings To configure WPA PSK follow these steps 1 Log in at the default LAN address of http 192 168 0 1 with the default user name of admin and default password of password or using whatever LAN address and password you have set up Click Wireless Settings in the Setup section of the main menu of the DG834G Choose the WPA PSK radio button The WPA PSK menu will open Enter the pre shared key in the Passphrase field wk WN Click Apply to save your settings 4 14 Wireless Configuration Chapter 5 Protecting Your Network This chapter describes how to use the basic firewall features of the DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router to protect your network Protecting Access to Your DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router For security reasons the router has its own user name and password Also after
236. select Control Panels then TCP IP The TCP IP Control Panel opens o TCP IP B Connect via Ethernet Setup Configure Using DHCP Server DHCP Client ID IP Address lt will be supplied by server gt Subnet mask lt will be supplied by server gt Router address lt will be supplied by server gt Search domains Name server addr lt will be supplied by server gt 2 2 From the Connect via box select your Macintosh s Ethernet interface 3 From the Configure box select Using DHCP Server You can leave the DHCP Client ID box empty 4 Close the TCP IP Control Panel oN Repeat this for each Macintosh on your network MacOS X 1 From the Apple menu choose System Preferences then Network C 16 Preparing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 2 Ifnot already selected select Built in Ethernet in the Configure list 3 If not already selected Select Using DHCP in the TCP IP tab 4 Click Save Verifying TCP IP Properties for Macintosh Computers After your Macintosh is configured and has rebooted you can check the TCP IP configuration by returning to the TCP IP Control Panel From the Apple menu select Control Panels then TCP IP o TCP IP H Connect via Setup _ Configure DHCP Client
237. select Properties e The Local Area Connection Properties dialog box appears e Verify that you have the correct Ethernet card selected in the Connect using box e Verify that at least the following two items are displayed and selected in the box of Components checked are used by this connection e Client for Microsoft Networks and e Internet Protocol TCP IP e Click OK Local Area Connection Properties General Connect using BY 3Com 10 100 Mini PCI Ethernet Adapter Components checked are used by this connection V E Client for Microsoft Networks 8 File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks Internet Protocol TCP IP Install Uninstall Properties Description Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol The default wide area network protocol that provides communication across diverse interconnected networks IV Show icon in taskbar when connected OK Cancel Preparing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties 2 x General You can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports e With Internet Protocol TCP TP selec te d a alee hy pine you need to ask your network administrator for click on Properties to open the Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties dialogue box Obtain an IP
238. ser name of admin and default password of password or using whatever LAN address and password you have set up 2 Click the Wireless Settings link in the main menu of the DG834G firewall 3 Choose a suitable descriptive name for the wireless network name SSID In the SSID box enter a value of up to 32 alphanumeric characters The default SSID is Wireless Note The SSID of any wireless access adapters must match the SSID you configure in the DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router If they do not match you will not get a wireless connection to the DG834G 4 Set the Region Select the region in which the wireless interface will operate Wireless Configuration 4 7 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 5 Set the Channel The default channel is 11 This field determines which operating frequency will be used It should not be necessary to change the wireless channel unless you notice interference problems with another nearby wireless router or access point Select a channel that is not being used by any other wireless networks within several hundred feet of your firewall For more information on the wireless channel frequencies please refer to Wireless Channels on page D 7 6 For initial configuration and test leave the Wireless Card Access List set to allow everyone access by making sure that Turn Access Control On is not selected in the Wireless Station Access List In addition leave th
239. show you when someone on your network tries to access a blocked site If you enabled e mail notification you will receive these logs in an e mail message If you do not have e mail notification enabled you can view the logs here An example of the logs file is shown below Managing Your Network 6 9 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Logs Current time 2003 08 26 07 42 13 2003 08 26 06 04 14 Send out NTP reque 2003 08 26 06 04 14 Receive NTP Replay 2003 08 26 07 17 17 Administrator logi 2003 08 26 07 26 19 Administrator logi 2003 08 26 07 26 32 Administrator logi 2003 08 26 07 29 48 Administrator logi 2003 08 26 07 38 12 TCP Packet Sourc 2003 08 26 07 38 39 ICMP Packet Sour 2003 08 26 07 38 42 TCP Packet Sourc 2003 08 26 07 39 43 TCP Packet Source 2003 08 26 07 39 49 ICMP Packet Sour 2003 08 26 07 39 49 TCP Packet Sourc 2003 08 26 07 41 29 TCP Packet Sourc af Refresh Clear Log Send Log Include in Log Attempted access to blocked sites M Connections to the Web based interface of this Router M Router operation start up get time etc M Known DoS attacks and Port Scans Syslog Disable C Broadcast on LAN Send to this Syslog server IP address J J J E Apply Cancel Figure 6 8 Security Logs menu Log entries are described in Table 6 1 below 6 10 202 10006 05 June 2005 Man
240. sover ports called MDI X or normal ports Auto Uplink technology automatically senses which connection MDI or MDI X is needed and makes the right connection Figure B 1 illustrates straight through twisted pair cable Key A UPLINK OR MDI PORT as on a PC B Normal or MDI X port as on a hub or switch 1 2 3 6 Pin numbers Figure B 1 Straight Through Twisted Pair Cable Figure B 2 illustrates crossover twisted pair cable B 12 Network and Routing Basics 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Key B Normal or MDI X port as on a hub or switch 1 2 3 6 Pin numbers Figure B 2 Crossover Twisted Pair Cable fy f ee UE ID ue y 1 RJ 45 plug 2 Category 5 UTP patch cable Figure B 3 Category 5 UTP Cable with Male RJ 45 Plug at Each End Note Flat silver satin telephone cable may have the same RJ 45 plug However using telephone cable results in excessive collisions causing the attached port to be partitioned or disconnected from the network Uplink Switches Crossover Cables and MDI MDIX Switching In the wiring table above the concept of transmit and receive are from the perspective of the PC which is wired as Media Dependant Interface MDI In this wiring the PC transmits on pins 1 and 2 At the hub the perspective is reversed and the hub receives on pins 1 and 2 This wiring is referred to as Media Dependant Interfac
241. specific Multiplexing Method and Virtual Circuit Number for the Virtual Path Identifier VPI and Virtual Channel Identifier VCD Note The correct country must be selected from the Setup Wizard s first page for the default ADSL Settings to work If your ISP provided you with a specific Multiplexing Method or VPI VCI number then fill in the following 1 Select the ADSL Settings link from the main menu 2 For the Multiplexing Method select LLC based or VC based 3 Type a number between 0 and 255 for the VPI The default is 8 4 Type a number between 1 and 65535 for the VCI The default is 35 5 Click Apply Connecting the Router to the Internet 3 19 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 3 20 Connecting the Router to the Internet 202 10006 05 June 2005 Chapter 4 Wireless Configuration This chapter describes how to configure the wireless features of your DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router Considerations for a Wireless Network In planning your wireless network you should consider the level of security required You should also select the physical placement of your router in order to maximize the network speed For further information refer to Appendix D Wireless Networking Basics To ensure proper compliance and compatibility between similar products in your area the operating channel and region must be set correctly Observe Perfo
242. st agree on which bits comprise the host address e So that a local router or bridge recognizes which addresses are local and which are remote Private IP Addresses If your local network is isolated from the Internet for example when using NAT you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without problems However the IANA has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks 10 00 20 120 295 255 255 LIZA 616 3 0 0 S 172 381 255 442 55 192 168 0 0 192 168 255 255 NETGEAR recommends that you choose your private network number from this range The DHCP server of the DG834G wireless router is preconfigured to automatically assign private addresses Regardless of your particular situation do not create an arbitrary IP address always follow the guidelines explained here For more information about address assignment refer to RFC 1597 Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466 Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space The Internet Engineering Task Force IETF publishes RFCs on its Web site at www ietf org Single IP Address Operation Using NAT In the past if multiple PCs on a LAN needed to access the Internet simultaneously you had to obtain a range of IP addresses from the ISP This type of Internet account is more costly than a single address account typically used by a single user with a modem rather than a router The DG834G wireless router employs an address sharing me
243. stances When the VPN Wizard and its VPNC defaults see Table 8 2 are not appropriate for your special circumstances use one of the following alternatives e Auto Policy for a typical automated Internet Key Exchange IKE setup see Using Auto Policy to Configure VPN Tunnels on page 8 36 Auto Policy uses the IKE protocol to define the authentication scheme and automatically generate the encryption keys Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 35 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e Manual Policy for a Manual Keying setup in which you must specify each phase of the connection see Using Manual Policy to Configure VPN Tunnels on page 8 48 Manual Policy does not use IKE Rather you manually enter all the authentication and key parameters You have more control over the process however the process is more complex and there are more opportunities for errors or configuration mismatches between your DG834G and the corresponding VPN endpoint gateway or client workstation Using Auto Policy to Configure VPN Tunnels You need to configure matching VPN settings on both VPN endpoints The outbound VPN settings on one end must match to the inbound VPN settings on other end and vice versa See Example of Using Auto Policy on page 8 41 for an example of using Auto Policy Configuring VPN Network Connection Parameters All VPN tunnels on the DG834G wirel
244. statistics for the WAN Internet LAN local and Serial ports For each port the Serial Port screen displays Status The link status of the port TxPkts The number of packets transmitted on this port since reset or manual clear RxPkts The number of packets received on this port since reset or manual clear Collisions The number of collisions on this port since reset or manual clear Tx B s The current line utilization percentage of current bandwidth used on this port Rx B s The average line utilization for this port Up Time The time elapsed since the last power cycle or reset Poll Interval Specifies the interval at which the statistics are updated in this window Click Stop to freeze the display Click the Connection Status button to display router connection status as shown in Figure 6 5 and Figure 6 6 6 6 Managing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Connection Status IP Address 192 168 2 54 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Default Gateway 192 168 2 1 DHCP Server 192 168 2 54 DNS Server 686 125 125 214 Lease Obtained 2003 08 27 08 09 58 2003 08 26 23 37 32 Release Renew Close Window Figure 6 5 Connection Status screen for Dynamic IP Lease Expires Clicking the Renew button updates the status information This screen shows the following statistics
245. stead used fixed configurations your ISP should have given you the following basic information for your account C 18 Preparing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e An IP address and subnet mask e A gateway IP address which is the address of the ISP s router e One or more domain name server DNS IP addresses e Host name and domain suffix For example your account s full server names may look like this mail xxx yyy com In this example the domain suffix is xxx yyy com If any of these items are dynamically supplied by the ISP your router automatically acquires them If an ISP technician configured your PC during the installation of the broadband modem or if you configured it using instructions provided by your ISP you need to copy the configuration information from your PC s Network TCP IP Properties window or Macintosh TCP IP Control Panel before reconfiguring your PC for use with the router These procedures are described next Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Windows Computers As mentioned above you may need to collect configuration information from your PC so that you can use this information when you configure the DG834G wireless router Following this procedure is only necessary when your ISP does not dynamically supply the account information To get the information you need to configure the router for Internet access 1 On th
246. t extra bits to use as a subnet address The IP address of 172 16 97 235 would be interpreted as IP network address 172 16 subnet number 97 and node number 235 In addition to extending the number of addresses available subnet addressing provides other benefits Subnet addressing allows a network manager to construct an address scheme for the network by using different subnets for other geographical locations in the network or for other departments in the organization Although the preceding example uses the entire third octet for a subnet address note that you are not restricted to octet boundaries in subnetting To create more network numbers you need only shift some bits from the host address to the network address For instance to partition a Class C network number 192 68 135 0 into two you shift one bit from the host address to the network address The new netmask or subnet mask is 255 255 255 128 The first subnet has network number 192 68 135 0 with hosts 192 68 135 1 to 129 68 135 126 and the second subnet has network number 192 68 135 128 with hosts 192 68 135 129 to 192 68 135 254 Note The number 192 68 135 127 is not assigned because it is the broadcast address of the first subnet The number 192 68 135 128 is not assigned because it is the network address of the second subnet gt The following table lists the additional subnet mask bits in dotted decimal notation To use the table write down the original c
247. tatic IP address NETGEAR Gateway B Static IP address NETGEAR VPN Configuration F 1 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 10 5 6 0 24 172 23 9 0 24 VPNC Example Network Interface Addressing Gateway A Gateway B LAN IP 14 15 16 17 ie 22 23 24 25 WAN IP OS WAN IP 10 5 6 1 DG834G FVL328 172 23 9 1 Figure F 1 Addressing and Subnet Used for Examples Note Product updates are available on the NETGEAR Inc web site at gt http kbserver netgear com DG834G asp Step By Step Configuration 1 Configure the DG834G as in the Gateway to Gateway procedures using the VPN Wizard see How to Set Up a Gateway to Gateway VPN Configuration on page 8 20 being certain to use appropriate network addresses for the environment The LAN Addresses used in this example are as follows e DG834G WAN IP 14 15 16 17 LAN IP 10 5 6 1 LAN Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 e FVL328 WAN IP 22 23 24 25 LAN IP 172 23 9 1 LAN Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 a InStep 1 enter toFVL328 for the Connection Name b In Step 2 enter 22 23 24 25 for the remote WAN s IP address c In Step 3 enter the following e IP Address 172 23 9 1 e Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 F 2 NETGEAR VPN Configuration 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G VPN Policies Policy Table
248. tent filtering options include e Keyword blocking of HTTP traffic e Outbound Service Blocking limits access from your LAN to Internet locations or services that you specify as off limits e Denial of Service DoS protection Automatically detects and thwarts Denial of Service DoS attacks such as Ping of Death SYN Flood LAND Attack and IP Spoofing e Blocking unwanted traffic from the Internet to your LAN The section below explains how to configure your router to perform these functions How to Block Keywords and Sites The DG834G wireless router allows you to restrict access to Internet content based on functions such as Web addresses and Web address keywords 1 Log in to the router at its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 with its default User Name of admin default password of password or using whatever Password and LAN address you have chosen for the router 2 Select the Block Sites link of the Security menu Protecting Your Network 5 3 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Block Sites Keywor d Blocking O Never O Per Schedule Always Type Keyword or Domain Name Here Add Keyword Block Sites Containing these Keywords or Domain Names Delete Keyword Clear List Allow Trusted IP Address to Visit Blocked Sites Trusted IP Address Figure 5 3 Block Sites menu To enable keyword blocking select one o
249. the Pre Shared Key button In the Pre Shared Key dialog box click the Enter Key button Enter the DG834G s Pre Shared Key and click OK In this example 12345678 is entered This field is case sensitive Pre Shared Key r Enter Pre Shared Key at least 8 characters This key is used during Authentication Phase if the Authentication Method Proposal is Pre Shared key eq OK Cancel Figure F 19 Security Policy Editor pre shared key 5 Configure the VPN Client Authentication Proposal In this step you will provide the type of encryption DES or 3DES to be used for this connection This selection must match your selection in the VPN router configuration a Inthe Network Security Policy list on the left side of the Security Policy Editor window expand the Security Policy heading by double clicking its name or clicking on the symbol NETGEAR VPN Configuration F 21 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G b Expand the Authentication subheading by double clicking its name or clicking on the symbol Then select Proposal 1 below Authentication IN Security Policy Editor NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client File Edit Options Help Network Security Policy My Connections toDG834G G My Identity a Security Policy NETGEAR N Authentication Method and Algorithms Authentication Method Pre Shared Key X E Authentication Phase 1 E 3s Key
250. the one provided with your router Computer Hardware Requirements To use the DG834G wireless router on your network each computer must have an installed Ethernet adapter and an Ethernet cable or a 802 11g wireless adapter LAN Configuration Requirements For the initial connection to the Internet and configuration of your router you need to connect a computer to the router which is set to automatically get its TCP IP configuration from the router via DHCP Note Please refer to Appendix C Preparing Your Network for assistance with DHCP configuration 3 2 Connecting the Router to the Internet 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Internet Configuration Requirements Depending on how your ISP set up your Internet account you need one or more of these configuration parameters to connect your router to the Internet e Virtual Path Identifier VPD Virtual Channel Indentifier VCI parameters e Multiplexing Method e Host and Domain Names e ISP Login Name and Password e ISP Domain Name Server DNS Addresses e Fixed or Static IP Address Where Do Get the Internet Configuration Parameters There are several ways you can gather the required Internet connection information e Your ISP should have provided you with all the information needed to connect to the Internet If you cannot locate this information you can ask your ISP to provide it or you can try one of
251. the previous section 3 14 Connecting the Router to the Internet 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G ISP Does Not Require Login ISP Does Require Login Basic Settings Basic Settings Does Your Connection Requue A Login Account Mame G Required Encapsutation PPPOE PPP over Ethernet Domain Name if Rogno Login imernet P Address Gat Dynamically From ISP Password O Use State IP Address Service Name if Required pilates i 1 ile Timeout in Minutes D IP Subnet Mask 4 Domain Mame Server DNS Address Gateway IP Address et Gut Automatically From ISP O Use IP Over ATM OP 0A Use IP Over ATM POA Use These C Address IP Address Primary ONS IP Subnet Mask Secondary ONS Gateway IP Address MAT Metwotk Address Tramsiation Domain Name Server DNS Addiece Enade Otsabio Get Automatically rom 5P Use These ONS Servers Apply Conceit Jes Primery DNS Secondary DNS MAT Network Aihirass Transtatiog Roster MAC Address Vow Doteun Andress Use Computer MAC Address Figure 3 15 Basic Settings menu How to Perform Manual Configuration We recommend that you start the manual configuration from the Setup Wizard 1 Select your country and language Language choices are English French German and Italian After you change the language the remaining setup screens change to the language of
252. thms d toDG834G G My Identity Authentication Method Security Policy amp E Authentication Phase 1 Pre Shared kar m Proposal 1 S Key Exchange Phase 2 m Proposal 1 D Other Connections Encryption and Data Integrity Algorithms Encrypt Alg Triple DES Z Hash Alg SHA 1 xi Seconds SA Life Unspecified v Key Group _ Diffie Hellman Group 2 2j Figure 8 14 Security Policy Editor Authentication In the Authentication Method menu select Pre Shared key In the Encrypt Alg menu select the type of encryption to correspond with what was configured for the Encryption Protocol in the DG834G in Table 8 3 on page 8 8 In this example use Triple DES In the Hash Alg menu select SHA 1 In the SA Life menu select Unspecified In the Key Group menu select Diffie Hellman Group 2 6 Configure the VPN Client Key Exchange Proposal In this step you will provide the type of encryption DES or 3DES to be used for this connection This selection must match your selection in the DG834G configuration 8 16 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e Expand the Key Exchange subheading by double clicking its name or clicking on the symbol Then select Proposal 1 below Key Exchange IN Security Policy Editor NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client File Edit Options Help il NETGEAR
253. thod called Network Address Translation NAT This method allows several networked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP address which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your ISP The router accomplishes this address sharing by translating the internal LAN IP addresses to a single address that is globally unique on the Internet The internal LAN IP addresses can be either private addresses or registered addresses For more information about IP address translation refer to RFC 1631 The IP Network Address Translator NAT The following figure illustrates a single IP address operation Network and Routing Basics B 7 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Private IP addresses assigned by user IP addresses assigned by ISP 192 168 0 2 iat ak oe ay Se ee Figure 9 3 Single IP Address Operation Using NAT This scheme offers the additional benefit of firewall like protection because the internal LAN addresses are not available to the Internet through the translated connection All incoming inquiries are filtered out by the router This filtering can prevent intruders from probing your system However using port forwarding you can allow one PC for example a Web server on your local network to be accessible to outside users MAC Addresses and Address Resolution Protocol An IP address alone cannot be used to deliver
254. through the access point An access point must authenticate a station before the station can associate with the access point or communicate with the network The IEEE 802 11 standard defines two types of authentication Open System and Shared Key e Open System Authentication allows any device to join the network assuming that the device SSID matches the access point SSID Alternatively the device can use the ANY SSID option to associate with any available Access Point within range regardless of its SSID e Shared Key Authentication requires that the station and the access point have the same WEP Key to authenticate These two authentication procedures are described below Open System Authentication The following steps occur when two devices use Open System Authentication 1 The station sends an authentication request to the access point Wireless Networking Basics D 3 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 2 The access point authenticates the station 3 The station associates with the access point and joins the network This process is illustrated below 802 11b Authentication Open System Steps z 1 Authentication request sent to AP Access Point bad 2 AP authenticates z Ta eee D e 3 Client connects to network Client F SS attempting to connect Servers PC s Figure D 1 Open system authentication Shared Key Authenticat
255. tically sense Daylight Savings Time In the E mail menu check or uncheck the box marked Adjust for Daylight Savings Time Troubleshooting 9 9 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 9 10 202 10006 05 June 2005 Troubleshooting Appendix A Technical Specifications This appendix provides technical specifications for the DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility Data and Routing Protocols Power Adapter North America United Kingdom Australia Europe Japan All regions output Physical Specifications Dimensions Weight Environmental Specifications Operating temperature Operating humidity TCP IP RIP 1 RIP 2 DHCP PPP over Ethernet PPPoE or PPP over ATM PPPoA RFC 1483 Bridged or Routed Ethernet and RFC 1577 Classical IP over ATM 120V 60 Hz input 240V 50 Hz input 230V 50 Hz input 100V 50 60 Hz input 15 V AC 1 0A output 30W maximum 10 x 6 7 x 1 3 255 mm x 169 mm x 34 mm 1 4 lbs 0 62 kg 0 to 40 C 32 to 104 F 90 maximum relative humidity noncondensing Technical Specifications A 1 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Electromagnetic Emissions Meets requirements of FCC Part 15 Class B VCCI Class B EN 55 022 CISPR 22 Class B Interface Specifications LAN 1OBASE
256. time If so then try the pings a second time Start Using a VPN Tunnel to Active It To use a VPN tunnel use a Web browser to go to a URL whose IP address or range is covered by the policy for that VPN tunnel Verifying the Status of a VPN Tunnel To use the VPN Status page to determine the status of a VPN tunnel perform the following steps 1 2 Log in to the Router Open the DG834G management interface and click on VPN Status to get the VPN Status Log screen Figure 8 35 Log this log shows the details of recent VPN activity including the building of the VPN tunnel If there is a problem with the VPN tunnel refer to the log for information about what might be the cause of the problem e Click Refresh to see the most recent entries e Click Clear Log to delete all log entries 8 30 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G VPN Status Log Tue 2004 06 22 22 58 26 Tue 2004 06 22 22 58 26 2004 06 22 22 58 26 2004 06 22 22 58 27 GtoG initiating Main Mode GtoG ISAKMP SA established GtoG sent QI2 IPsec SA established GtoG sent Q12 IPsec SA established Retesh Cleerlog VENStetus Figure 8 35 VPN Status Log Screen 3 Click on VPN Status Figure 8 30 to get the Current VPN Tunnels SAs screen Figure 8 31 This table lists the following data for each active VPN Tunnel
257. tion Algorithm MD5 Pre shared Key 12345678 8 44 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G VPN Auto Policy General Policy Name Remote VPN Endpoint M NetBIOS Enable 7 IKE Keep Alive Local LAN IP Address Remote LAN IP Address IKE Direction Exchange Made Diffie Hellman DH Group Local Identity Type Data Remote Identity Type Data Parameters Encryption Algorithm Authentication Algorithm Pre shared Key SA Life Time Enable PFS Perfect Forward Security GtoG Address Type Fixed IP Address x Address Data 22 23 24 25 Ping IP Address i i A Subnet address 7 Single Start address H oO N Finish address AIA L in FE 3 13 Subnet Mask Subnet address x Single Start IP address N Finish IP address Fan Ca a pss fess Subnet Mask N in in Initiator and Responder gt Main Mode z Group 2 0024510 n a fir Address x n a 3DES z Auto 12345 678 3600 Seconds Back Cancel Figure 8 44 VPN Auto Policies Screen Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 8 45 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 5 Click Apply The Get VPN Policies web page is displayed VPN Policies Policy Table Te Enable Name Type Local Remote ESP
258. toG Connect _ E Done E internet Figure 8 29 Current VPN Tunnels SAs Screen c Look at the VPN Status Log screen Figure 8 28 to verify that the tunnel is connected VPN Tunnel Control Activating a VPN Tunnel There are three ways to activate a VPN tunnel e Use the VPN Status page e Activate the VPN tunnel by pinging the remote endpoint e Start using the VPN tunnel Note Refer to Using Auto Policy to Configure VPN Tunnels on page 8 36 to enable the IKE keepalive capability on an existing VPN tunnel Using the VPN Status Page to Activate a VPN Tunnel To use the VPN Status screen to activate a VPN tunnel perform the following steps 1 Log in to the Router 2 Open the DG834G management interface and click on VPN Status to get the VPN Status Log screen Figure 8 30 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 27 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G VPN Status Log Tue 2004 06 22 22 58 26 Tue 2004 06 22 22 58 26 Tue 2004 06 22 22 58 26 Tue 2004 06 22 22 58 27 GtoG initiating Main Mode GtoG ISAKMP SA established GtoG sent Q12 IPsec SA established GtoG sent Q12 IPsec SA established Refresh GearLog VEN tens Figure 8 30 VPN Status Log Screen 3 Click on VPN Status Figure 8 30 to get the Current VPN Tunnels SAs screen Figure 8 31 Click on Connect for the VPN tunnel you want to act
259. ts 202 10006 05 June 2005 vii Examples of Log Messages ima Ac vation and ACMUIMEH ANON cxcicscccicscscciucameslciociumneiedantenemnmien O12 Dropped Packets iiris jens EE E E A E E E te Enabling Security Event E mail Notification ccccccccccsseseesseeecseeeeeseeccseeeseseeesaees 6 13 Running Diagnostic Utilities and Rebooting the Router ssssssssssssessseessreerrresrrresrrneens 6 14 Enabling Remote Management serssrsesssm a Oe De Configuring Remote a sey cates Sees exact sien ne EE atari areata a esate 6 15 Chapter 7 Advanced Configuration Conliguring Advanced Security scisseciindetersiacctnnsseaaiedsessiniecmnssiiaidthersiatecmiesumiemersiadeenie Setting Up A Default DMZ Ba T E How to Configure a Default DMZ 7 Server Connect Automatically as Required E E T A eisai tt Disable Port Scan and DOS Prasoon sa TET cme E da E E Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port ccc scc sense sidoin inaani 7 3 MTU SIZE siirsin Configuring LAN IP Seimi PAE E A EEE A A T E E DHGP ionann n EAE E I ERE Use Router as DHCP DENEI cinsuedaiecchiate iea E E E Aa Reserved IF GS SS cap soru sas cedansasded seca snacseseuuubantsssandaincdadundan aaa 7 6 How to Configure LAN TCPHIP Settings sicccicscoccccsessduiccsenssecsondecsmavaccssteaisscccntamneaarnn FE Configuring Dynamic DNS aa ananin T 7 How to Config re Dynamic DNS sciicisccccscivisass cust ccatstneriscccrsubisieodauawsbsacnsaaiebaedieaondn 7 8 Ueno Satie ROUES
260. twork Access Control TCP IP WPA WPA enabled Ports Closed enabled Access Point Until Co RADIUS Server p wireless p using Ma T ic i i re shared ke Jur Reale de p or TCP IP Authentication example pn 802 1x Ports Opened Win Server After VeriSign Authenticated Figure D 3 WPA Overview IEEE 802 1x offers an effective framework for authenticating and controlling user traffic to a protected network as well as providing a vehicle for dynamically varying data encryption keys via EAP from a RADIUS server for example This framework enables using a central authentication server which employs mutual authentication so that a rogue wireless user does not join the network It is important to note that 802 1x does not provide the actual authentication mechanisms When using 802 1x the EAP type such as Transport Layer Security EAP TLS or EAP Tunneled Transport Layer Security EAP TTLS defines how the authentication takes place Note For environments with a Remote Authentication Dial In User Service RADIUS infrastructure WPA supports Extensible Authentication Protocol EAP For environments without a RADIUS infrastructure WPA supports the use of a pre shared key Together these technologies provide a framework for strong user authentication Windows XP implements 802 1x natively and several NETGEAR switch and wireless access point products support 802 1x D 12 Wireless Netw
261. ty Alliance WECA see http www wi fi nef an industry standard group promoting interoperability among 802 11b devices Glossary Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Windows Internet WINS Windows Internet Naming Service is a server process for resolving Naming Service Windows based computer names to IP addresses If a remote network contains a WINS server your Windows PCs can gather information from that WINS server about its local hosts This allows your PCs to browse that remote network using Network Neighborhood WINS See Windows Internet Naming Service WPA Wi Fi Protected Access WPA is a specification of standards based interoperable security enhancements that increase the level of data protection and access control for existing and future wireless LAN systems 6 Glossary
262. u 3 To change the password first enter the old password and then enter the new password twice 4 Click Apply to save your changes Note After changing the password you will be required to log in again to continue the configuration If you have backed up the router settings previously you should do a new backup so that the saved settings file includes the new password Changing the Administrator Login Timeout For security the administrator s login to the router configuration will timeout after a period of inactivity To change the login timeout period 1 Inthe Set Password menu type a number in Administrator login times out field The suggested default value is 5 minutes 2 Click Apply to save your changes or click Cancel to keep the current period Configuring Basic Firewall Services Basic firewall services you can configure include access blocking and scheduling of firewall security These topics are presented below 5 2 Protecting Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Blocking Keywords Sites and Services The router provides a variety of options for blocking Internet based content and communications services With its content filtering feature the DG834G wireless router prevents objectionable content from reaching your PCs The router allows you to control access to Internet content by screening for keywords within Web addresses Key con
263. ult LAN address of http 192 168 0 with its default user name of admin and default password of password or using whatever LAN address and password you have set up 2 From the Wireless Settings menu Wireless Station Access List section click the Setup Access List button to display the list shown below Wireless Configuration 4 9 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Wireless Station Access List M Turn Access Control On Trusted Wireless Stations Device Name MAC Address Available Wireless Stations l Device Name MAC Address UNKNOWN 00 09 5B 68 7F 84 Add New Station Manually Device Name MAC Address i Figure 4 4 Wireless Access menu 3 Select the Turn Access Control On check box to enable restricting wireless computers by their MAC addresses 4 Ifthe wireless station is currently connected to the network you can select it from the Available Wireless Stations list Click Add to add the station to the Trusted Wireless Stations list 5 Ifthe wireless station is not currently connected you can enter its address manually Enter the MAC address of the authorized computer The MAC address is usually printed on the wireless card or it may appear in the router s DHCP table The MAC address will be 12 hexadecimal digits Click Add to add your entry You can add several stations to the list but the entries will be discarded if you do not c
264. um range of up to 300 feet Such distances can allow for others outside of your immediate area to access your network gt Unlike wired network data your wireless data transmissions can extend beyond your walls and can be received by anyone with a compatible adapter For this reason use the security features of your wireless equipment The DG834G wireless router provides highly effective security features which are covered in detail in this chapter Deploy the security features appropriate to your needs Wireless Data Security Options Range Up to 300 Feet ee Pili amp i DG834G n i 1 Open System Easy but no security 2 MAC Access List No data security 3 WEP Security but some performance impact Figure 4 1 DG834G wireless data security options There are several ways you can enhance the security of your wireless network e Restrict Access Based on MAC Address You can allow only trusted PCs to connect so that unknown PCs cannot wirelessly connect to the DG834G Restricting access by MAC address adds an obstacle against unwanted access to your network but the data broadcast over the wireless link is fully exposed 4 2 Wireless Configuration Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e Turn Off the Broadcast of the Wireless Network Name SSID If you disable broadcast of the SSID only devices that have the correct SSID can conne
265. unicate with each other all devices must be configured with the same SSID This is typically the configuration parameter for a wireless computer card It corresponds to the ESSID in the wireless Access Point and to the wireless network name See also Wireless Network Name and ESSID See netmask UPnP A networking architecture that provides compatibility among networking technology UPnP compliant routers provide broadband users at home and small businesses with a seamless way to participate in online games video conferencing and other peer to peer services Unshielded twisted pair The cable used by 10BASE T and 100BASE Tx Ethernet networks Virtual Channel Identifier Together with the VPI defines a Virtual Channel through an ATM network Used by ATM switching equipment to route data through the network Virtual Path Identifier Together with the VCI defines a Virtual Channel through an ATM network Used by ATM switching equipment to route data through the network See wide area network Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP is a data encryption protocol for 802 11b wireless networks All wireless nodes and access points on the network are configured with a 64 bit or 128 bit Shared Key for data encryption WAN A long distance link used to extend or connect remotely located local area networks The Internet is a large WAN See 802 11b A trade name for the 802 11b wireless networking standard given by the Wireless Ethernet Compatibili
266. unnel Hee eT eee rere rrr erer rr rr erorrer How to Set Up VPN Turner in n Special A P E A E A E Using Auto Policy to Configure VPN Tunnels seeen 7 Configuring VPN Network Connection Parameters s src Example of Usno Auto Poly ciccspcsstsansvnencatunassnaetuvetonidusaseenaibeahwtnnassnine Using Manual Policy to Configure VPN Tunnels ccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees Chapter 9 Troubleshooting Basic Functioning E E E RH ea E mad ania aaeRS Power LED Not On eh aah asad EN E aN een dei T A ee Test LED Never Twig On or Test LED Siays Oris LAN or paN Port LEDs Not aula cant he ISP Gni j ADSL link oe P E er eer E eee WAN LED Blinking Y Yellow WAN LED Off Obtaining a WAN IP Address Troubleshooting PPPoE or PPPOA Troubleshooting Internet Browsing paent E T AO Troubleshooting a TCP IP Network Using t the e Ping Utility E PE EP E E E Testing the LAN Path to Your Router E E E Testing the Path from Your Computer to a Remote Devige P T Contents 202 10006 05 June 2005 Restoring the Default Configuration and Password ei Using the Resti DUTON sixicascecenieissdereccgessieicaies caine agetateedanbissoteencateeaueatendainamaa es Problems with Date and Time PE dapat EE Oe E eaten ae E E oe Appendix A Technical Specifications Appendix B Network and Routing Basics Related Publications see E T T E A E E nein scenes A ae Basic Router Ho B 1 What iba Rou
267. ur computer s IP address Follow the instructions in Appendix C to configure your computer Note If your computer s IP address is shown as 169 254 x x Recent versions of Windows and MacOS will generate and assign an IP address if the computer cannot reach a DHCP server These auto generated addresses are in the range of 169 254 x x If your IP address is in this range check the connection from the computer to the router and reboot your computer If your router s IP address was changed and you do not know the current IP address clear the router s configuration to factory defaults This will set the router s IP address to 192 168 0 1 This procedure is explained in Using the Reset button on page 9 9 Make sure your browser has Java JavaScript or ActiveX enabled If you are using Internet Explorer click Refresh to be sure the Java applet is loaded Try quitting the browser and launching it again Make sure you are using the correct login information The factory default login name is admin and the password is password Make sure that CAPS LOCK is off when entering this information If the router does not save changes you have made in the Web Configuration Interface check the following When entering configuration settings be sure to click the APPLY button before moving to another menu or tab or your changes are lost Troubleshooting 9 3 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Fir
268. ur browser http 134 177 0 123 8080 Note In this case the http must be included in the address 6 16 Managing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Chapter 7 Advanced Configuration This chapter describes how to configure the advanced features of your DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router Configuring Advanced Security The DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router provides a variety of advanced features such as e Setting up a Demilitarized Zone DMZ Server e Connecting Automatically as Required e Disabling Port Scan and DOS Protection e Responding to a Ping on the Internet WAN Port e MTU Size e Flexibility on configuring your LAN TCP IP settings e Using the Router as a DHCP Server e Configuring Dynamic DNS e Configuring Static Routes These features are discussed below Setting Up A Default DMZ Server The Default DMZ Server feature is helpful when using some online games and videoconferencing applications that are incompatible with NAT The router is programmed to recognize some of these applications and to work properly with them but there are other applications that may not function well In some cases one local computer can run the application properly if that computer s IP address is entered as the Default DMZ Server Advanced Configuration 7 1 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Note For security reasons you should avoid usin
269. ure TCP IP with DHCP in Windows NT 4 0 e Choose Settings from the Start Menu and then select Control Panel This will display Control Panel window Network 2 x Identification Services Protocols Adapters Bindings i Windows uses the following information to identify your computer on the network You may change the name for s Double click the Network icon in the this computer and the workgroup or domain that it will s appear in Control Panel window Computer Name DOCBERTNT The Network panel will display Workgroup emoa e Select the Protocols tab to continue Preparing Your Network C 13 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e Highlight the TCP IP Protocol in the Network Protocols box and click on the Properties button Network 27x Identification Services Protocols Adapters Bindings Network Protocols FTCPAP Protocol Add Description Preparing Your Network 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e The TCP IP Properties dialog box now displays e Click the IP Address tab e Select the radio button marked Obtain an IP address from a DHCP server e Click OK This completes the configuration of TCP IP in Windows NT Restart the PC Repeat these steps for each PC with this version
270. ust each other and communicate securely as they pass information over the Internet E 8 Virtual Private Networking 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G DG834G VPN Firewall VPN Tunnel DG834G VPN Firewall INTERNET PCs Figure E 5 VPN Tunnel SA The SA contains all the information necessary for gateway A to negotiate a secure and encrypted communication stream with gateway B This communication is often referred to as a tunnel The gateways contain this information so that it does not have to be loaded onto every computer connected to the gateways Each gateway must negotiate its Security Association with another gateway using the parameters and processes established by IPSec As illustrated below the most common method of accomplishing this process is via the Internet Key Exchange IKE protocol which automates some of the negotiation procedures Alternatively you can configure your gateways using manual key exchange which involves manually configuring each paramter on both gateways IPSec Security Association IKE VPN Tunnel Negotiation Steps 1 Communication W W __ request sent to VPN Gateway VPN Gateway ae VPN Gateway 2 IKE Phase authentication 3 r 3 IKE Phase II negotiation 3 lt 4 Secure data transfer 3 5 IPSec tunnel termination Figure E 6 IPSec SA negotiation Virtual Private Networking E 9 202 100
271. view or modify the tunnel settings select the radio button next to the tunnel entry and click Edit Step 2 Configuring the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client on the Remote PC at the Telecommuter s Home Office This procedure describes how to configure the DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router We will assume the PC running the client has a dynamically assigned IP address The PC must have a VPN client program installed that supports IPSec in this case study the NETGEAR VPN ProSafe Client is used Go to the NETGEAR website http www netgear com and select VPNO1L_VPNOSL in the Product Quick Find drop down menu for information on how to purchase the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client Note Before installing the DG834G Wireless ADSL Firewall Router software be sure to turn off any virus protection or firewall software you may be running on your PC gt 1 Install the NETGEA ProSafe VPN Client on the remote PC and reboot a You may need to insert your Windows CD to complete the installation F 16 NETGEAR VPN Configuration 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G b If you do not have a modem or dial up adapter installed in your PC you may see the warning message stating The NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Component requires at least one dial up adapter be installed You can disregard this message c Install the IPSec Component You may have the option to install either the VP
272. w this procedure to configure a gateway to gateway VPN tunnel using the VPN Wizard VPN Tunnel B 22 23 24 25 A 14 15 16 17 DG834G VPN Firewall a DP _ I DG834G VPN Firewall 192 168 3 1 Jm aaa S PCs 192 168 0 1 JJ PCs Figure 8 20 Gateway to Gateway VPN Tunnel Set the LAN IPs on each DG834G to different subnets and configure each properly for the Internet The examples below assume the following settings 8 20 Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Table 8 4 VPN Tunnel Configuration Worksheet Connection Name Pre Shared Key Secure Association Main Mode or Manual Keys Perfect Forward Secrecy Enabled or Disabled NETBIOS Enabled or Disabled Encryption Protocol DES or 3DES Authentication Protocol MD5 or SHA 1 Diffie Hellman DH Group Group 1 or Group 2 Key Life in seconds IKE Life Time in seconds GtoG 12345678 Main Disabled Enabled 3DES SHA 1 Group 2 28800 8 hours 3600 1 hour FQDN or Gateway IP VPN Endpoint Local IPSec ID LAN IP Address Subnet Mask WAN IP Address DG834G_A GW_A 192 168 0 1 255 255 255 0 14 15 16 17 DG834G_B GW_B 192 168 3 1 255 255 255 0 22 23 24 25 Note The LAN IP address ranges of each VPN endpoint must be different The connection will
273. way DES and 3DES are supported e DES the Data Encryption Standard DES processes input data that is 64 bits wide encrypting these values using a 56 bit key Faster but less secure than 3DES e 3DES Triple DES achieves a higher level of security by encrypting the data three times using DES with three different unrelated keys Authentication Algorithm authentication Algorithm used for both IKE and IPSec This setting must match the setting used on the remote VPN Gateway Auto MD5 and SHA 1 are supported Auto negotiates with the remote VPN endpoint and is not available in responder only mode e MD5 128 bits faster but less secure e SHA 1 default 160 bits slower but more secure Pre shared Key the key must be entered both here and on the remote VPN Gateway SA Life Time this determines the time interval before the SA Security Association expires It will automatically be re established as required While using a short time period or data amount increases security it also degrades performance It is common to use periods over an hour 3600 seconds for the SA Life Time This setting applies to both IKE and IPSec SAs IPSec PFS Perfect Forward Secrecy if enabled security is enhanced by ensuring that the key is changed at regular intervals Also even if one key is broken subsequent keys are no easier to break Each key has no relationship to the previous key 8 40 Virtual Private Networking Advanced F
274. will automatically sense whether the cable plugged into the port should have a normal connection for example connecting to a computer or an uplink connection for example connecting to a switch or hub That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration This feature also eliminates the need to worry about crossover cables as Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection d Connect the power adapter to the router and plug it in to a power outlet Verify the following The power light is lit after turning on the router eb The ADSL link light is solid green indicating a link has been established to the ADSL network e Now turn on your computer If software usually logs you in to your Internet connection do not run that software Cancel it if it starts automatically Verify the following 4 The local lights are lit for any connected computers Note For instructions on connecting computers to the DG834G via wireless links please see Chapter 4 Wireless Configuration Connecting the Router to the Internet 3 7 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 3 LOG IN TO THE DG834G Note Your computer needs to be configured for DHCP For instructions on configuring for DHCP please see Appendix C Preparing Your Network Connect to the router by typing http 192 168 0 1 in the address field of Internet E
275. working Advanced Feature 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 3 Fill in the IP Address or FQDN for the target VPN endpoint WAN connection and click Next VPN Wizard Enter the WAN IP address of the remote VPN gateway e g 22 23 24 25 Step 2 of 3 Remote IP and Pre shared Key Whatis the remote WWAN static IP address or Internet name Figure 8 23 Remote IP 4 Identify the IP addresses at the target endpoint which can use this tunnel and click Next Enter the LAN IP settings of the remote VPN gateway e IP Address e g 192 168 3 1 e Subnet Mask e g 255 255 255 0 VPN Wizard Step 3 of 3 Secure Connection Remote Accessibility what is the remote LAN IP subnet IP Address lo Jo lo fo Subnet Mask 0 jo llo id Z Figure 8 24 Secure Connection Remote Accessibility Virtual Private Networking Advanced Feature 8 23 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G The Summary screen below displays VPN Wizard Summary Please verify your inputs Connection Name GtoG Remote YPN Endpoint 22 23 24 25 Remote Client Access By Subnet Remote IP 192 168 3 1 255 255 255 0 Remote ID Local Client Access By subnet Local IP 192 168 0 1 255 255 255 0 Local ID You can click here to view the YPNC recommended parameters Please click Done to apply the
276. ww netgear com 2 Access the Main Menu of the router s configuration at http 192 168 0 1 3 Under the Maintenance heading check that an IP address is shown for the WAN Port If 0 0 0 0 is shown your router has not obtained an IP address from your ISP If your router is unable to obtain an IP address from the ISP the problem may be one of the following e Your ISP may require a Multiplexing Method or Virtual Path Identifier Virtual Channel Identifier parameter Verify with your ISP the Multiplexing Method and parameter value and update the router s ADSL Settings accordingly e Your ISP may require a login program Ask your ISP whether they require PPP over Ethernet PPPoE or PPP over ATM PPPOA login e Ifyou have selected a login program you may have incorrectly set the Service Name User Name and Password See Troubleshooting PPPoE or PPPoA below e Your ISP may check for your computer s host name Assign the computer Host Name of your ISP account to the router in the browser based Setup Wizard Troubleshooting 9 5 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e Your ISP only allows one Ethernet MAC address to connect to Internet and may check for your computer s MAC address In this case Inform your ISP that you have bought a new network device and ask them to use the router s MAC address OR Configure your router to spoof your computer s MAC
277. xample 12 34 56 78 90 AB CD EF 12 34 56 78 90 is a 128 bit WEP Key Table D 1 Encryption Key Sizes Encryption Key Size of Hexadecimal Digits Example of Hexadecimal Key Content 64 bit 24 40 10 4C72F08AE1 128 bit 24 104 26 4C72F08AE19D57A3FF6B260037 Note Typically 802 11 access points can store up to four 128 bit WEP Keys but some 802 11 client adapters can only store one Therefore make sure that your 802 11 access and client adapters configurations match D 6 Wireless Networking Basics Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G WEP Configuration Options The WEP settings must match on all 802 11 devices that are within the same wireless network as identified by the SSID In general if your mobile clients will roam between access points then all of the 802 11 access points and all of the 802 11 client adapters on the network must have the same WEP settings Note Whatever keys you enter for an AP you must also enter the same keys for the client adapter in the same order In other words WEP key 1 on the AP must match WEP key 1 on the client adapter WEP key 2 on the AP must match WEP key 2 on the client adapter and so on Note The AP and the client adapters can have different default WEP Keys as long as the keys are in the same order In other words the AP can use WEP key 2 as its default key to transmit while a client adapter can use WEP key 3 as its default k
278. xample Gateway A is configured using an example FQDN provided by a DDNS Service provider In this case we established the hostname dg834g dyndns org for gateway A using the DynDNS service Gateway B will use the DDNS Service Provider when establishing a VPN tunnel In order to establish VPN connectivity Gateway A must be configured to use Dynamic DNS and Gateway B must be configured to use a DNS hostname to find Gateway A provided by a DDNS Service Provider Again the following step by step procedures assume that you have already registered with a DDNS Service Provider and have the configuration information necessary to set up the gateways Step By Step Configuration 1 Log in to the DG834G labeled Gateway A as in the illustration Out of the box the DG834G is set for its default LAN address of http 192 168 0 1 with its default user name of admin and default password of password For this example we will assume you have set the local LAN address as 10 5 6 1 for Gateway A and have set your own password 2 Click on the Dynamic DNS link on the left side of the Settings management GUI This will take you to the Dynamic DNS Menu F 8 NETGEAR VPN Configuration 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G 3 On the DG834G configure the Dynamic DNS settings a Browse to the Dynamic DNS Setup Screen see Figure F 6 in the Advanced menu Dynamic DNS I Use a Dynamic DNS Service S
279. xplorer or Netscape Navigator http 192 168 0 1 j Figure 3 7 Connect to the router a A login window opens as shown below Enter Network Password j 2 xl S gt Please type your user name and password Site 192 168 0 1 Realm User Name mn Password pa I Save this password in your password list Cancel Figure 3 8 Login window b When prompted enter admin for the user name and password for the password both in lower case letters After logging in you will see the menu below 3 8 Connecting the Router to the Internet 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G Setup Wizard elect Country and Language Country US Language English gt uto Detect Connection Type his Setup Wizard can Detect the type of Internet Connection you have Do You Want The Smart Setup Wizard To Try And Detect The Connection Type Now Yes No WantTo Configure The Gateway Myself Figure 3 9 Setup Wizard 4 CONNECT TO THE INTERNET The router is now properly attached to your network You are now ready to configure your router to connect to the Internet There are two ways you can configure your router to connect to the Internet a Let the DG834G auto detect the type of Internet connection you have and configure it See Auto Detecting Your Internet Connection Type on page 3 9 for instructions b Manually choose which type of Inte
280. y if you plan to install the DG834G in a setting where you will be manually administering the IP address space on the LAN side of the router Internet Connection Requires Login and Uses PPPoA 1 If your Internet connection does require login select Yes and fill in the settings according to the instructions below Note You will no longer need to launch the ISP s login program on your computer in order to access the Internet When you start an Internet application your router automatically logs you in Choose PPPoA for the encapsulation method Enter the login name frequently the email address your ISP provided and password If you want to change the login timeout enter a new value in minutes This determines how long the router keeps the Internet connection active after there is no Internet activity from the LAN Entering an Idle Timeout value of zero means never log out When a connection uses PPPoA the IP address is normally assigned automatically However the DG834G allows this address to be set manually e Select Get Automatically from ISP if your ISP assigns your IP address e Select Use Static IP Address if your ISP gave you a statically assigned address The DNS server is used to look up site addresses based on their names e Select Get Automatically from ISP if your ISP uses DHCP to assign your DNS servers Your ISP will automatically assign this address Select Use These DNS Servers if your IS
281. your choice Select No to manually configure your router connection Click Next Manually configure the router in the Basic Settings menu shown in Figure 3 15 Gr ode ae Follow the instructions below according to the encapsulation method and whether your Internet connection requires a login The following methods are available e Internet Connection Requires Login and Uses PPPoE e Internet Connection Requires Login and Uses PPPoA Connecting the Router to the Internet 3 15 202 10006 05 June 2005 Reference Manual for the Model Wireless ADSL Firewall Router DG834G e Internet Connection Does Not Require a Login Usually the default ADSL Settings work fine for most ISPs and you can skip this step If you have any problems with your connection check the ADSL Settings See ADSL Settings on page 3 19 for more details Internet Connection Requires Login and Uses PPPoE 1 If your Internet connection does require login select Yes and fill in the settings according to the instructions below Note You will no longer need to launch the ISP s login program on your computer in order to access the Internet When you start an Internet application your router automatically logs you in Choose PPPoE for the encapsulation method Enter the login name frequently the email address your ISP provided password and service name if required If you want to change the login timeout enter a new value in minutes This dete

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