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Acronis Disk Director Server 10, AAP, Box, ENG

1. If you need to split a partition 1 Select a partition to be split 2 Select Disk gt Split or a similar item in the Operations sidebar list or click Split on the toolbar 3 In the folders tree select folders to be moved to the newly created partition If you want to create an empty partition do not select any folders 44 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Manual Partition Operations Split Partition Split the partition and move specified Files to the newly creaked partition Select Files to be moved bo created partition E 4 My Computer gt Layout S mse Local Disk k File Folder AO Leaflets Free Space 38 77 GB DIS Presents Total Size 38 88 GB F3 OO System Yolume Informatio Selecting folders to be moved 4 Distribute the source partition free space between the two resulting partitions Split Partition Ed Split the partition and move specified Files to the newly created pe partition 5 Drag the slider below toward Existing partition to increase amount of Free space left for the partition you split or drag it toward Created partition to increase amount of Free space the created partition will have Existing partition Created partition Percents left on existing partition 30 Distributing the source partition free space Please keep in mind that you are distributing not overall partition size but just free Space at this step The program will automatically count how much space Is n
2. Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Hard Disk And File Systems AS File Systems The logical structure that has been created on the hard disk is supported by means of the operating system The file system itself presents the information on the disk as an ensemble of files and folders For the user a file is a unit of storage of logically connected information including texts graphics and sound For data storage organization a file is a chain of connected sectors or clusters A cluster is a unit of several sectors Sectors are characteristic for file systems supported by various versions of Windows Operating systems support file systems on hard disks or disk partitions by allowing you to create copy and delete files and folders At present the most widely used file systems for PCs are the following two e FAT16 FAT32 file allocation table for DOS OS 2 and Windows 95 98 Me NT 2000 XP e NTFS Windows NT file system for Windows NT 2000 XP However there are many other file systems The Linux operating system which is now gaining popularity widely uses three file systems e Ext2 is a file system for end users PCs e Ext3 is the default file system used by Red Hat Linux e ReiserFS is a more secure with respect to data integrity file system that is used on data servers A 9 File System Main Specifications Operating systems allow you to work with data by supporting a file system on a disk partition All file systems co
3. If you need a detailed partition structure representation with a complete set of partition operations and controls select Manual Mode Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 9 Installation And Use You can switch between modes at any time see 3 1 3 Switching modes 2 7 3 Running from bootable diskettes or CD Previously we explained how to create bootable diskettes or a CD see 2 2 Installation Process While working with Acronis Disk Director Server you may need to use the bootable media 1 after a serious Windows failure or 2 to work on a Linux based PC See also Chapter 9 Bootable Media Builder Your PC BIOS must be set correctly to boot and run the software from bootable diskettes or CD 10 Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Beginning The Work Chapter 3 Beginning The Work 3 1 Acronis Disk Director Server Logical Organization Acronis Disk Director Server provides two operation modes see 2 7 Running Acronis Disk Director Server e Automatic partition operations mode is designed for the most frequent Operations suitable for the majority of users e Manual partition operations mode for any partition operations This mode is intended for experienced users with some Knowledge of disk data storage Organization it provides full operational control 3 1 1 Automatic partition operations In this mode all actions are performed through task based wizards e Create partition wizard enabl
4. Manual Partition Operations Set Active Partition Setting the selected partition as active Setting this partition as active may cause drive letters to change Are you sure you want bo set the partition as active Cancel Set Active Partition 3 By clicking OK in the Set Active Partition window you ll add the pending operation of setting active partition your actions may only undo or modify an existing operation See 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations The new partition structure will be graphically represented in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window The partition will be marked Act in the Flags field The primary partition is also marked Pri so the Flags field will contain Pri Act A Before you make a partition active you must make sure it is formatted and contains an operating system Otherwise your PC will not boot from this partition A If you set a partition to active and there was another active partition on a disk it will be unset automatically This also might prevent your PC from booting A Setting an active partition in Windows 98 Me can change the order of letters assigned to other partitions As a result some shortcuts might stop working A detailed discussion of partition letter assignment rules for various operating systems appears in 4 1 Creating A New Partition 5 2 6 Resizing a root Unlike all others the FAT16 root is located in a special place and has a limited size 512 eleme
5. Partition check results window 5 1 12 Defragmenting a partition Defragmentation is reorganizing file storage on a hard disk partition Defragmentation is the process of eliminating file fragmentation which causes files to be spread across the disk after operations File fragmentation significantly reduces PC and server performance especially when intensive I O operations are taking place Conversely file defragmentation can increase performance as the read head has to move less across the disk to read all file parts SS Acronis Disk Director Server supports defragmentation in Windows XP and Windows 2003 Server only Windows 2000 has its own embedded disk defragmenter To defragment a partition in Windows NT 4 0 and earlier Windows operating systems it is recommended that you install a third party disk defragmenter tool If you need to defragment a hard disk partition 1 Select a hard disk and partition to defragment in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window 2 Select Disk gt Defragment or a similar item in the Operations sidebar list or click gt Defragment the selected partition on the toolbar 3 By clicking OK in the Defragmentation window you ll run partition defragmentation 52 Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Manual Partition Operations Defragmentation Defragmenting the files and Folders on the selected partition Consolidating Fragmented Files and Folders so that each occupies a single con
6. 0010 09 00 04 00 OO20 11 00 12 00 ooO30 19 OO 14 00 Search Menu 03 00 04 O OB 00 OC 00 13 00 14 00 18 OO ic 00 1 Selecting the Search item in the same menu will give you access to functions for searching lines in the disk being edited You can do the same by pressing ctr1 r key combination Search parameters can be set in the Search dialog window Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 79 Working with Acronis Disk Editor Encoding Western Windows Case sensitive F Search at sector offset ae The Search dialog window A search line can be set both as char and numeric hexadecimal values During a search you can ignore letter case as well as search for a given line at a given offset inside the sector During a search disk data is interpreted according to the encoding selected If you selected a search mode without letter case matching not only case but also elements above the characters will be ignored After the search process is finished the current position will be moved to where a line was found or will remain the same if no lines were found You can search for the next line from the current position by selecting Find next item in the Search menu or by pressing F3 key You can go to the necessary sector according to its absolute offset by selecting the Go to line the Search menu or by pressing alt p key combination Selecting this line opens the Goto dialog window Go to sec
7. DO 00 Read from file oo BC File name block001 Ext 73 q 20 54 Size 1272 CD Offset in file o F 09 11 00 19 00 21 00 29 00 o0 Orn Sector 16 771 924 Read from a file 8 6 View Information in the Acronis Disk Editor window can be viewed and edited in several different modes You can select the appropriate view mode with the help of the View menu 78 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Acronis Disk Editor disk 2 sectors 16 7 T Disk Edit Wew Search H w As Hex F2 As Partition Table F Help 45 F4716 Boot Sector Fe 5 Western Wi As FAT32 Boot Sector Alt F7 a AS FAT32 FS Info Sector bid BES DO As FAT Folder 0162 oOo Toolbars iva OO Sbatus Bar 45 NTFS Book Sector 0158 00 00 00 00 0196 00 00 00 00 114 00 00 00 00 00 n1T 7 77 TE Tr or no on on on TE View menu The editor offers seven view modes e hex e partition table e FAT16 boot sector e FAT32 boot sector e FAT32 FS info sector e NTFS boot sector e FAT folder 8 7 Search on on on nt Working with Acronis Disk Editor The Search menu allows you to search a hard disk for some line and to go to a disk sector according to its absolute offset Acronis Disk Editor disk 2 sectors Disk Edt view Search Help H PF Search Ctrl F Western Windows Go To Alk F E lute sector 16 771 9 E SOU Set OOOO FS FF FF FF
8. Partition Flags Capacity Free Space Disk 2 Sns a 6 013GB 5 981 GB 2 FAT16 H 1 999 GB 0 GB Selecting a partition to use to increase free space 4 On the next wizard page you will see the maximum size available for the selected partition You must select the size yourself Increase Free Space Wizard Partition Size Specify the created partition size Please specify the created partition size Minimum Partition Maximum Partition Size 6 013 GB Size 10 72 GB Partition size 9 212 GB Entering the size to increase partition free space 30 Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Automatic Partition Operations Note that although selected partition size is increased at the expense of other partition space unallocated space also will be used if needed Unallocated space is automatically considered to be the maximum partition size 5 In the last Preview wizard window you will see a graphical representation of the new partition structure including the resized partition Clicking Finish on the last wizard page will allow Acronis Disk Director Server to create the pending operation list for partition resizing your actions may only modify an existing operation See 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations The new partition structure will be graphically represented in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window Similar to creating a new partition see 4 1 Creating A New Partiti
9. Typical hard disk partition structure can look like Primary partition 1 1 System logical disk C Extended partition 1 2 Logical partition 1 5 Logical disk D Logical disk E Logical disk F Usually initial partitioning is made by means of an operating system Different operating systems offer special programs for this After the installation of Windows XP you can invoke the Control Panel whose disk management tools will let you delete and create partitions primary extended logical using free unallocated disk space or format a partition You cannot however change partition structure by means of the Windows operating system To do this you will need software such as Acronis Disk Director Server It lets you resize move hide partitions set them as active copy and perform other operations without losing any data or causing any OS and application workability problems A 4 Primary Partitions A primary hard disk partition can contain the operating system applications and user data files Only one primary partition can be set as active in a given PC session Most operating systems can boot from a primary partition only If you want to use several operating systems you might have to create several primary partitions Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 87 Hard Disk And File Systems A 5 Extended Partitions The extended hard disk partition was developed as a way to avoid the four primary partitions
10. 1 4 KB Set at formatting FAT32 Windows 9505R2 98 Me 2000 XP Linux 2 TB 4 GB 255 No Unlimited 72 512 bytes 64 KB No Ext3 Linux 16 TB Limited by partition size 255 Yes Unlimited 732 1 4 KB Set at formatting NTFS Windows NT 2000 XP Linux for reading 16 EB Limited by partition size 32767 Yes Unlimited o 512 bytes 64 KB Dynamic ReiserFS Linux 16 TB Limited by partition size 255 Yes Unlimited 732 4 KB Dynamic z Incase you ve forgotten your computer engineering units 1 Kbyte 1024 Bytes 1 Mbyte 1024 Kbytes 1 Gbyte 1024 Mbytes 1 Tbyte 2 Gbytes 1024 Gbytes 1 Pbyte 2 Tbytes 1024 Tbytes 1 Ebyte 2 Pbytes 1024 Pbytes 90 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Hard Disk And File Systems A 9 2 FAT16 The FAT16 file system is widely used by DOS DR DOS MS DOS PC DOS etc Windows 95 98 Me Windows NT 2000 XP operating systems and is supported by most other systems Main features of FAT16 are the file allocation table FAT and clusters The FAT is the core of the file system To increase data safety it is possible to have several instances of the FAT there are usually two of them A cluster is a minimum data storage unit in the FAT 16 file system One cluster contains a fixed number some power of 2 of sectors The FAT stores information about what clusters are free what clusters are bad and also defines in wha
11. Action Selection wizard page set the switch to Free space of the existing partitions Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 25 Automatic Partition Operations Create Partition Wizard Create Partition Method Select a partition creation method Please select whether you want to create a partition using the unallocated space or the Free space of the existing partitions P Unallocated space Description Create a new partition using both the unallocated space and the Free space of the existing partitions The existing partitions can be resized if necessary to give the space to the created partition Cancel 2 On the Select Hard Disk Drive wizard page select a disk on which to create a partition Create Partition Wizard Select Hard Disk Drive Select your hard disk where you wank to create a partition Please select a hard disk drive From the list of available drives where you want to create a partition then press Next Drive Capacity Model Interface eeDisk 1 38 2966 Maxtor 2FO40L0 YAMS IDE O Secondary Master 513136204 3 11 IDE O Secondary Master Partition disk selection page Note that this wizard page represents physical disks actually connected to your PC The next page shows logical disks or partitions on the selected physical disk See also Appendix B Glossary Physical disk Logical disk 3 On the next Select Partitions wizard page select the disk partition s whose space
12. Data structure that is necessary to store and manage files A file system does the following functions tracks free and occupied space supports folders and file names tracks the physical positions of files on the disk Each partition may be formatted with Its own file system Folder A table in the file system that contains a description of files and other folders Such a structure allows creation of a folder tree that begins with the root folder Formatting The process of creating a service structure on the disk There are three levels of hard disk formatting low level marking the magnetic surface with tracks and sectors partitioning and high level creation of a file system on a partition Hard disk hard drive Fixed storage media along with integrated electronics that consists of several magnetic platters that rotate synchronously on one spindle Hard disks have relatively high capacity and high read write speed Hard disk geometry A set of hard disk parameters that usually includes the number of cylinders heads and sectors per track Head magnetic head read write head A hard disk consists of several magnetic platters for each side of each platter there is a head that is used to read and write information on it 94 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Glossary Hidden partition A partition that is somehow made invisible to the operating system Usually partitions are hidden by changing their type Label An optiona
13. NTFS 12 73 GB Please press the Next button to continue A hard disk partition to be recovered A partition has been found by Acronis Recovery Expert and is shown in the disk structure but has not yet been recovered This finishes partition recovery preparations To complete this operation select Commit in the Operations section of the Main menu This will complete the given partition recovery 70 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Working with Acronis Recovery Expert If you exit Acronis Disk Director Server without confirming the partition recovery operation it will be canceled A Jn 7 2 Manual Recovery Set the switch to Manual in the Recovery mode window to select the manual recovery mode Acronis Recovery Expert Recovery Mode You can choose between Fully automated and manual recovery modes Please select the recovery mode you wish to work under You can find the description of each in the selection below Automatic Manual Description The manual mode gives you full control over the recovery process You will be asked to choose the free space where you want to search for partitions You can also choose a search method Selecting manual recovery mode The next Searching Method window enables you to select one of two deleted partition searching methods 1 Fast 2 Complete What s the difference Using the Fast search method Acronis Recovery Expert checks the beginning
14. Resize 9 Data_Sample G 4 88GB 4 798GB NTFS Q Change Label 8 NTFS H 4 88GB 788 1 MB NTFS Format 8 None 1 7 974 GB FS None Partition 0x6 FAT16 X Delete spit Merge Y Check amp Defragment Explore QG Properties m y ACRONIS SZ 34B 7 002 36 88 68 130 44 GB FAT32 Tools M Primary B Logical TH Unallocated Selecting a partition to move 2 Select Disk gt Move or a similar item in the Operations sidebar list or click 2 Move the selected partition to another free space on the toolbar 3 Acronis Disk Director Server will automatically compare moved partition size and available free space indicating it in the Move Partition window 40 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Manual Partition Operations Move Partition Please specify the size and the location For the selected partition Unallocated 138 88 GB Unallocated space available for partition moving Note that the unallocated space is smaller than moved partition size but its data area is smaller than unallocated space Therefore moving the partition with its data intact is possible If there is not enough free space to copy a partition on a hard disk no unallocated space will be available for selection 4 Select free space to move the selected partition to 5 On the next wizard page select the type of moved partition Logical Primary size and location Changing partition type is not as nece
15. destroy data enter the number of passes for wiping 54 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Manual Partition Operations Clear Hard Drive Clearing the selected hard disk drive and optionally wiping its contents A Deleted partitions can not be restored Delete partitions and destroy data Enter the a 1 number of overwriting passes Coa Hard disk clearing parameters window 4 By clicking OK you ll add a pending operation of hard disk clearing Deleting hard disk partitions does not destroy disk sector contents They can be restored by special means if needed Therefore if you need to destroy confidential information set the switch to Delete partitions and destroy data For information about the Acronis Disk Director Server data wiping algorithm see the commentary for 5 1 10 Deleting a partition A Deleting a partition in Windows 98 Me can change the order of letters assigned to other partitions As a result some shortcuts might stop working A detailed discussion of partition letter assignment rules for various operating systems appears in 4 1 Creating A New Partition 5 2 Additional Partition Operations Additional hard disk partition operations include some rarely used but useful operations for converting partition file systems hiding and unhiding partitions setting active partitions changing root size and changing partition cluster size 5 2 1 Changing partition letter Some op
16. error message Create Partition Wizard x 4 r Select Partitions 4 Select your partitions to take the free space From Ses Please select partitions From the list of available partitions to take the Free space From Error Acronis Disk Director Server was not able to create the partition because there is no enough Free space on the selected hard disk drive Ll sents Hi 996 2MB 988 6 MB e fboot i 196 1 MB 180 7 MB se 4 011GB 3 045 GB Error message of deficient disk space for partition creation Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 27 Automatic Partition Operations In this case you will have to return to the previous wizard page and select a different partition from which to take the necessary space 4 On the Partition Size wizard page enter the size of the created partition the wizard automatically determines minimum and maximum partition sizes Create Partition Wizard Partition Size Specify the created partition size Please specify the created partition size Minimum Partition Maximum Partition Size 7 013 MB Size 4 658 GB Partition size 4 600 GB Created partition size window 5 The next wizard pages provide partition type file system letter if you work in Windows NT 2000 XP and optional labeling Further actions for partition creation are the same as described in 4 1 Creating A New Partition section Clicking Finish on the last wizard page allows A
17. generally takes place when the drive is manufactured Modern disk drives usually contain relatively few magnetic disks 1 2 to make the head block lighter and speed up access to sectors a drive like this has 2 4 heads respectively There can be up to several tens of thousands of cylinders per disk The greater the amount of data that can be stored on one side of a disk the more cylinders can be created on it and the larger the capacity of the disk This design has a lot of technical implementation peculiarities but those issues are not germane to this explanation Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 85 Hard Disk And File Systems A 2 Hard Disk Partition After low level formatting creates disk sectors partitions must be created on the disk A partition is an area on a hard disk that can be used to install an operating system and or used as data storage Creating separate sections on a disk is called partitioning Think of slicing a pie into different pieces Disk partitions are analogous to separate physical disk drives and do not depend on each other In fact each partition can contain its own operating system Different operating systems use different data storage means file systems The process of creating a partition file system is called formatting Each partition can have its own file system Preparing a disk for use includes two stages partitioning and formatting Partitioning is useful and often necessary becau
18. installed its administrator can save the bootable data on this server as well Then any networked computer will be able to boot the Acronis Disk Director Suite standalone version If you have other Acronis products such as Acronis True Image installed on your computer you can include standalone versions of these programs on the same bootable disk as well 9 2 Creating bootable media 1 Run the Bootable Media Builder from the tools section of main window sidebar or from the respective main menu section 2 Select which components of Acronis programs you want to place on the bootable disk 82 Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Acronis Media Builder Rescue Media Contents Selection Bootable Media Builder Select Acronis components to be placed on the created boot media After the media created you will be able to boot your PC From it and run the selected components from the media 2 Acronis Disk Director Suite so Acronis Disk Director Full version recommended MZ a Acronis Disk Director Safe version M s Acronis OS Selector Activator Acronis Disk Director Full version O recommended Version 10 0 2038 Language enalish The full version includes drivers For USB PC Card SCSI hard disk drives This version supports a wide range of devices and is strongly recommended Selecting components to place on the bootable media Acronis Disk Director Server offers the following components e Disk D
19. its index descriptor The space for all i nodes must be allocated in advance at formatting In the Ext2 Ext3 file systems the maximum number of files is set at formatting The bytes per a single i node value indicates the average partition file size If there are many small files there must be many descriptors each of which occupies some space Large files require fewer descriptors Acronis Disk Director Server enables you to resize i node tables of existing partitions to change the maximum file amount on them If you need to resize an i node table of an existing Linux Ext2 Ext3 partition 1 Select a disk and Linux Ext2 Ext3 partition from the list in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 63 Manual Partition Operations 2 Select Disk gt Advanced gt Change Bytes per i node or a similar item in the Advanced sidebar list or click E Change the number of bytes per i node on the toolbar or select it from partition or the graphical representation context menu If you select a partition with another file system mentioned sidebar and context menu items will be unavailable 3 Enter the new amount of bytes per descriptor i node in the Change bytes per i node window Change Space per i node Changing the disk space corresponding to one i node nace Current Space per i node bytes 8 192 New value bytes lor Resize i node window 4 By clicking OK in the Chang
20. limit The extended partition is used only for creating a desired number of logical partitions An extended partition does not contain any data directly A 6 Logical Partitions An extended partition can be divided into any number of logical partitions these are similar to primary partitions in that they can contain operating systems applications and user data Primary partitions should be used for booting operating systems system files and folders Logical partitions can contain any other information as they are accessible by most Operating systems If you need several operating systems you should use logical partitions for booting purposes and leave primary partitions free A 7 Formatting Hard Disks Within each of the partitions information has to be organized in a way understandable to the operating system using that partition This organization Is the file system As a rule a formatting program performs the following functions e It creates the boot record e It creates the file allocation table FAT e It identifies and marks bad clusters on the disk so they are not ever used afterwards After formatting logical disks are organized as follows e Logical disks start with the boot sector e One or several copies of the file allocation table FAT are placed after the boot sector e A root folder is created e The data area is created Each logical disk has to be formatted with the FORMAT command separately 88 Copyright
21. memory at 0 7C00h address and passing control to it Since every operating system has its own boot sector it is able to perform all the necessary actions to load and initialize system and configuration files A boot manager usually supports multiple operating systems on one computer and even one partition so it has to perform some preparatory actions create the boot context before booting an operating system Partition An independent area on a hard disk where a file system can be located A partition can be either primary or logical depending on its position in the partition structure One of the primary partitions of a hard disk may be active A partition has the following attributes type beginning and size Some partition management software and boot managers allow for the hiding of partitions Information about partitions is stored in the partition table Partitioning The process of creating the logical structure on a hard disk Partitioning is usually done with programs such as FDISK a component of DOS and Windows Disk Administrator completely replaces FDISK where functionality is concerned and allows performance of many additional useful operations Partition structure All the partitions on a hard disk make a tree with the root in the MBR partition table Many operating systems and programs assume that any partition table but Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 95 Glossary MBR can contain not more than one partition ent
22. mode offers users the easiest automated way For managing partitions Manual Mode o This mode allows users to choose separate operations For advanced management of partitions Mote This setting can always be changed later from the main menu 3 2 Acronis Disk Director Server Main Window The program is controlled through the main window It includes the menu toolbar and disk and partition tree shown hidden through the View menu This represents the computer disk and partition list The main window appearance differs depending on the selected operation mode see 3 1 Acronis Disk Director Server Logical Organization The difference applies to the avallable operation list in the main menu partition context menus sidebar and toolbar and the amount of partition structure details represented 7e Acronis Disk Director Server E Disk View Operations Wizards Tools Help sa Wizards lt P Create Partition _ 2 ite NTFS J NTFS K 4A Increase Free Space S 31 jp K A Copy Partition gt Recover Partitions gt 2 Sp Acronis Secure Zone Tools Bootable Media Builder EJ 95 Selector Z Show Log P pens Sp NTFS C lt a NTFS E Details amp NTFS C a NTFS ap NTFS F ss Data_Sample G File System NTFS fm Used Space 5 932 GB Free Space 8 715 GB xp NTFS H xp None 1 Total Size 14 65 GB Acronis Disk Director Server main window Automatic Mode In the manual partiti
23. of each side of every cylinder of a hard disk Using the Complete method Acronis Recovery Expert checks every hard disk sector The Fast method takes less time while the Complete method is slower but more thorough Note that the Fast method should find all deleted partitions in most cases Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 11 Working with Acronis Recovery Expert Acronis Recovery Expert Searching Method Please choose a searching method You can choose either Fast or Complete methods The first method is much Faster but may miss some deleted partitions We do however recommend that you first use the Fast search method C Complete Description very often partitions begin from the first sector of each cylinder on a hard disk drive Acronis Recovery Expert will search only the First sectors of cylinders For deleted partitions Searching method selection The Searching for Deleted Partitions window shows you parameters of a partition that existed on the selected unallocated space before it was deleted S Acronis Recovery Expert Searching for Deleted Partitions Acronis Recovery Expert tries to find deleted partitions You will see the partitions found in the list below Please select the partitions you want to recover from the list below The selected partitions will be marked Undeleted Note that in case you have intersected partitions only one of them can be recovered The partitions which intersect the selec
24. order on the first second third etc hard disks They are assigned E F G for example e Finally in order letters are assigned to all remaining suitable primary partitions of the first second third etc disks Partition operations in the mentioned operating systems may result in problems running applications opening files and other problems if letter assignments change Windows NT 2000 XP Windows NT 2000 XP operating systems initial letter assignment is done automatically similar to Windows 98 Windows NT 4 0 does not support FAT32 but assigns letters to such partitions Please note that letter order in these operating systems can differ depending on the c number of hard disks and other disk drives recognized by the BIOS All these operating systems enable you to change initially assigned letters Partition create delete and move operations do not affect letters assigned to other partitions 24 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Automatic Partition Operations Assigning a partition a new letter or hiding it will prevent only its applications and files from running or opening Other partitions will not be affected by these operations OS startup problems may appear if you directly change the letter assigned to the system partition or a partition with PAGEFILE SYS swap file Hard disk partition letter assignment in various operating systems is further explained in all guide chapters where the partition opera
25. partition and disk tree The bottom part of the main window graphically indicates the selected disk and its partitions as rectangles with basic data on them label letter size type file system 3 3 Calling Partition Operations All partition operations in both modes are called and executed similarly 3 3 1 Calling the main operations Any operation can be launched e By selecting it from the Disk submenu e From customizable toolbars e From the partition context menu both in the main window and the graphical panel e From Operations and Advanced sidebar lists Note that the list of available operations in the Disk submenu and the Operations sidebar depends on the selected partition type This holds true for unallocated space as well 3 3 2 Advanced operations Advanced operations are e Convert convert the FAT16 partition file system to FAT32 Ext2 to Ext3 and vice versa Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 13 Beginning The Work e Hide Unhide hide unhide a partition e Set Active set an active partition e Resize Root resize FAT16 partition root e Change Bytes per i node resize i node table Linux Ext2 Ext3 e Change Cluster Size change FAT16 FAT32 partition cluster size e Change Type change partition type e Recover recover deleted or damaged partitions see Chapter 6Chapter 7 Working with Acronis Recovery Expert e Edit edit hard disk data see Chapter 8 Working with
26. the absolute number see absolute sector or via cylinder head and sector number on a track System disk partition is a disk partition from which an operating system may be booted Such a disk usually contains the boot sector and system files of this operating system System file is a file that contains the code and constant data for an operating system Each operating system has its own system file set System folder Some operating systems keep most of their files in a special folder on a partition that may be different from the system one For example for Windows 95 98 Me the 10 SYS system file resides on the system partition while other system files are located in the system folder which is usually called WINDOWS The Program Files folder can also be treated as system since it resides on the same partition as WINDOWS and also contains files that are relevant to the operating system Status A flag that shows if a partition is active This flag is stored in the partition table and has no meaning for logical partitions Track Disks are divided into concentric circles called tracks Information from one track can be accessed without moving the head User interface is a set of principles concepts and means by which programs interact with the user For example in window interface all input and output is done in windows and the mouse is utilized quite often 96 Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010
27. track has a number The outermost track is number 0 and the numbers grow inwards Each of the tracks is divided into sectors that contain minimal information blocks that can be written to the disk or read from it Sectors also have numbers On every disk there is a marker that indicates the beginning of sector enumeration The sector that is the closest to this marker is number 1 At the beginning of a sector there is a header prefix portion that marks the beginning of the sector and its number At the end of a sector in the suffix portion a checksum Is used to check data integrity The data area between the prefix and suffix portions is 512 bytes in size Both sides of each disk on the spindle are used to store data All tracks that have the Same number on all the surfaces of all disks comprise a cylinder For each work surface of a disk in the drive there is a head that enables reading and writing data from to the disk Heads are assembled into a block and are numbered starting with 0 To perform an elementary read or write operation the head block should be positioned at the necessary cylinder When the appropriate sector with the appropriate number in the service area of the rotating disks approaches the head data is exchanged between the head and the electronic circuit board of the disk drive Sector structure of a hard disk is created via low level formatting during which each of the tracks of the disk is marked up This process
28. 00 oo 00 00 oo 00 00 00 7C FC w Non sy 74 65 20 stem disk press 61 6E 20 57 49 20 10 ac co 16 771 924 cylinder 1 04 FF FF 00 Of OB 00 12 13 00 11 1B DD 22 00 2a 0 OO 32 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 Sector 16 771 923 Position 335 View Hex The main window in the view as hex mode Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 75 Working with Acronis Disk Editor The current editing position is shown by the cursor that can be either in the left or right part of the window rs In this section of the guide all examples of Acronis Disk Editor s main window view modes are given for demonstration purposes The main menu of Acronis Disk Editor contains the following items e Disk allows you to browse properties of a disk being edited e Edit allows you to manipulate blocks of selected hard disk partitions also allows you to save contents of a disk sector after editing e View allows you to select a view mode for more convenient presentation of data e Search allows you to search a partition or a hard disk for any line or any sequence of characters and go to a certain disk sector according to its absolute offset e Help allows you to get help concerning the editor window or about the program s developer and version 8 4 Edit Hard Disks The Edit menu of the Acronis Disk Editor main window allows you to access the main Operations with blocks of given hard disk
29. 10 81 Bootable Media Builder Chapter 9 Bootable Media Builder 9 1 General information There are situations in which you might have to run Acronis Disk Director Server without booting either operating system e inorder to use Acronis Disk Director Server on a non Windows system for example a Linux based PC e if you do not often use Acronis Disk Director Server and therefore do not want to install it on the computer Acronis Disk Director Server has a standalone bootable version that can run from CD or other removable media without booting an operating system If you purchased the boxed product you already have such a bootable CD because the installation CD contains besides the program installation files the Acronis Disk Director Server standalone bootable version If you purchased Acronis Disk Director Server on the Web you can create bootable media using the Bootable Media Builder For this you will need a CD R RW blank several formatted diskettes the wizard will tell you the exact number or any other media your PC can boot from such as a Zip drive If you have chosen not to install the Bootable Media Builder during Acronis Disk Director Server installation you will not be able to use this feature TA SIA AN TNA Acronis Disk Director Suite 10 0 also provides the ability to create an ISO image of a bootable disk on the hard disk If there is a PXE server in your local network having the Acronis PXE agent
30. 5 Modifying pending operations Attention Partition formatting destroys all its data including files and folders Take special care when performing this operation Remember that each operation described must be executed by selecting Operations gt Commit or clicking sl Commit Pending Operations see 3 4 4 Performing pending operations Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 49 Manual Partition Operations 5 1 10 Deleting a partition After a partition is deleted its space is added to unallocated disk space It can be used for a new partition or to resize an existing partition If you need to delete a partition 1 Select a hard disk and a partition to be deleted 2 Select Disk gt Delete or a similar item in the Operations sidebar list or click gt Delete the selected partition on the toolbar 3 Select the deletion method in the Delete Partition window you can 1 just delete a hard disk partition without wiping disk sectors set the switch to Delete partition 2 delete a hard disk partition and fully wipe partition sectors set the switch to Delete partition and destroy data Delete Partition Deleting the selected partition and optionally wiping the space it allocated Delete partition and destroy data Enter the E 1 number of over write passes Delete Partition window Having set the switch to Delete partition and destroy data enter a number of passes for wiping Wipi
31. AT16 The main differences between FAT32 and FAT16 are 28 bit cluster numbers and more flexible root folder implementation which is not limited in size The reason for FAT32 is the necessity to support large larger than 8 GB hard disks and the inability to build any more complex file system into MS DOS which is still in the core of Windows 95 98 ME The maximum size of FAT32 file system size is 2 Terabytes A 9 4 NTFS NTFS is the primary file system for Windows NT 2000 XP Its structure is closed so no other operating system fully supports it The main structure of NTFS is the master file table or MFT NTFS stores a copy of the critical part of the MFT to reduce the possibility of data damage and loss All other NTFS data structures are special files Like the FAT NTFS uses clusters to store files but cluster size does not depend on partition size NTFS is a 64 bit file system It uses Unicode to store file names It is also a journaling failure protected file system and supports compression and encryption Files in folders are indexed to speed up file search A 9 5 Linux Ext2 Ext2 one of the main file systems for the Linux operating system is a 32 bit file system lts maximum size is 16 Terabytes The main data structure that describes a file is an i node A place to store the table of all i nodes has to be allocated in advance during formatting Linux Ext3 Officially introduced with Red Hat Linux version 7 2 Ext3 is the Red Ha
32. Acronis Disk Director Server 10 0 User s guide 4 Acronis COMPUTE WITH CONFIDENCE WWW ACRONIS COM Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 All rights reserved Windows and MS DOS are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation All other trademarks and copyrights referred to are the property of their respective owners Distribution of substantively modified versions of this document is prohibited without the explicit permission of the copyright holder Distribution of the work or derivative work in any standard paper book form for commercial purposes is prohibited unless prior permission is obtained from the copyright holder DOCUMENTATION IS PROVIDED AS IS AND ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON INFRINGEMENT ARE DISCLAIMED EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT THAT SUCH DISCLAIMERS ARE HELD TO BE LEGALLY INVALID Third party code may be provided with the Software and or Service The license terms for such third parties are detailed in the license txt file located in the root installation directory You can always find the latest up to date list of the third party code and the associated license terms used with the Software and or Service at http kb acronis com content 7696 2 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Table of contents Table of Contents CHAPTER INTRODUCTION Sus att 5 1 1 WHAT IS ACRONI
33. Acronis Disk Editor Advanced partition operations are called from the Advanced sidebar list the same partition context menu item or toolbar button Note that the additional operations list of the partition context menu or toolbar depends c on the selection of a partition type For example the FAT16 partition menu contains Advanced gt Resize Root this is absent in the FAT32 partition menu The Linux Ext2 Ext3 partition context menu contains Advanced gt Change Bytes per i node which is not found on the FAT menus 3 3 3 Invoking Acronis Disk Director Server wizards Wizards are invoked from the Wizards submenu and the corresponding sidebar list For example select Wizards gt Create Partition for the partition creation wizard 34 Partition Operation Properties 3 4 1 Displaying operation results Results of any disk partition operation are immediately displayed in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window If you create a partition it will be immediately shown in the hard disk partition list in the main window as well as in graphical form on the bottom of the main windows Any partition changes including resizing relocating and labeling are also immediately displayed in the main window 3 4 2 Pending operations All operations are pending until the user issues the command for the changes to be made permanent Until then Acronis Disk Director Server will only show the new partition structure that is provided by ope
34. Copy Partition Wizard Select Partition To Copy Select a partition to copy Please select a partition you want to copy From the list of available partitions then press Next Partition Disk 1 Sel NTFS De Se FAT16 E Disk 2 Se NTFS G Se FATI H Capacity 4 052 Gb 1 976 Gb 6 013 G6 1 999 Gb 4 703 GB Free Space ae GB 1 976 Gb 2 901 GB O Gb 4 677 GB Type e NTFS 1s Selecting a partition to copy 3 On the next Partition Location wizard page a record of copied partition parameters will be created Copy Partition Wizard Partition Location Select the location For the copy of the selected partition You can arrange the partition location using the arrow keys on the keyboard or by clicking on a partition before or after which you want to place the copy Please press Next to continue Flags ef NTFS 0 S NTFS D GS FATIG EN Disk 2 Pri Act e Copy of FAT16 E Se NTFS Gr Se FOT16 Hi Capacity 2 26 GB 4 052 GB 1 976 GB 1 976 GE 6 013 GB 1 999 56 Free Space Type 15 05 G6 31504 05 1 976 GB NTFS NTFS FATIG 1 976 GE 9 901 GB 0 06 46 The page for selecting a disk location for partition copy You will have to select a copy location on one of the disks among existing partitions To make your selection click before or after a partition to mark where you want to locate the copy In this example the copy will be located before the PROG
35. It can be useful for protecting important information from unauthorized or casual access Unlike other software Acronis Disk Director Server can hide any partition independent of its type primary or logical Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 57 Manual Partition Operations If you need to hide a partition 1 Select a disk and a partition to hide in the list in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window 2 Execute operation of partition hiding by selecting Disk gt Advanced gt Hide or a similar item in the Advanced sidebar list or by clicking Hide the selected partition on the toolbar or select it from partition or the graphical representation context menu 3 By clicking ox in the Hide Partition window you ll add a pending operation of partition hiding your actions may only undo or modify an existing operation See 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations Hide Partition Hiding the selected partition Hiding this partition may cause drive letters to changed Are vou sure you want to hide the partition Cancel Hide Partition window A hidden partition is labeled Hid in the Flags field of the partition list in the main window A Attention Hiding a system partition will prevent your PC from booting Hiding a swap file partition in Windows NT 2000 XP will produce a similar result If you have several primary partitions with different operating systems hiding an active system partition will automatic
36. LE MEDIA BUILDER oooooconoconoccoocconcconoccnocconcconoconoccnnoccnncconoccnoccnncconoconos 82 oT GENERAL INEOR MATTON as 82 92 CREATING BOOTABLE MEDIA aaa dos 82 CHAPTER 7 HARD DISK AND FILE SYSTEMS 2 0 cccccsccccccccscccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccscccees 85 Bell HARD DIS ORGANIZA ON o o ee 85 Az HARDD PARTITION st a T ista ta acid 86 Ao PARUTION TP e o o to da o e sd o de E da La o GO 86 Asd PRIMARY PARTITIONS nda ati tos e disco aa elote duane chien olla co catis 87 AO JE XTENDED PARTITIONS o ei 88 AO LEOGICACPARTITION or tintero atada dolia destila wastes 88 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 3 Table of contents A 7 FORMATTING HARD DISKS A ETE COIR II TE R T ORE RETO mrt OR Mee RN 88 Aso IE SAS TEM Si aa act ects cok A eee do ee 89 A9 FEE SYSTEM MAIN SPECIFICATIONS o o ee 89 APPENDIX B GLOSARIO id 93 Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Introduction Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1 What is Acronis Disk Director Server Acronis Disk Director Server is a complex program that includes partition manager and hard disk data editing tools With it you can Create hard disk partitions Resize move split and merge partitions without data loss or destruction Convert partitions to other file systems without data loss Copy move partition contents Delete partitions Create delete and resize hard disk partitions using the command line mode Recover hard disk partitions that were a
37. PERATIONS cccssccssccccccccccccccccssccscccccsccscceees 20 ATL CREATING ANEW PARTITION cd los 20 a2 INCREASING PARTITION FREE SPACE canran a a O wee 29 AS COPYING PARTITION ati ad da a a nace 31 CHAPTER 5 MANUAL PARTITION OPERATIONS cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccees 36 53L MAIN PARTITION OPERATIONS ta ds 36 3 2 ADDITIONAL PARTITION OPERATIONS 0 55 CHAPTER 6 WORKING IN THE COMMAND LINE MODE cccssccsscccscccssccssccscccccsccssccees 65 6 1 SUPPORTED COMMANDS ad NS a 65 62 DISKDIRECTOROCMD EXE USAGE EXAMPLES iS 66 CHAPTER 7 WORKING WITH ACRONIS RECOVERY EXPERT ccccccsccccccccscccsccees 67 LL AUTOMATIC RECOVERY ua dde il 68 Tels NANA RECO eos 71 CHAPTER 8 WORKING WITH ACRONIS DISK EDITOR occcccconcononcconconoconooconococonccnoconococonccnos 74 Sl GENERAL INFORMATION a iii tem 74 8 2 THE SELECTION OF THE PARTITION OR A DISK FOR EDITING occoccccnncnncnnccncconconccnccnncnncnncnnccnccnccnncnncnnos 74 S30 MAIN WINDOW OF THE PROGRAM id 75 St EDITEARD DIS RS st Aa 76 8 5 WRITE BLOCK TO A FILE AND READ FROM A FILE 2 csccesccssccssccscccscccsccsccuccesccscesscessescesseesceuscs TT SO NIEN eron a a a a a A sek Baataaeecacuaben ss 78 8 7 SEARCH aacra e RA iaa 79 8 8 WORKING WITH DIFFERENT ENCODINGS ccccccccscccecccscccuccuscccccuccescescceuccusceuccesccucsenscesseuscesccesceuscs 81 CHAPTER 9 BOOTAB
38. RAM H partition in the figure below 32 Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Automatic Partition Operations le System 0G De Pri Ack 015 MB 5 39 MB NTFS Sa Program Hii 6 013 GB 5 981 GB NTFS Swe Datal 1 1 999 GB 0 06 GB FATI6 The copy will be located after the PROGRAM H partition in the figure below ele System G2 Pri c 7 813 MB 5 39 MB NTFS e Program H 6 013 GB 5 981 GB NTFS Sw Datal 1 R 1 999 GB 0 06 GB FATI6 The figure below shows the result of locating a partition copy after clicking after the PROGRAM H partition Copy Partition Wizard Partition Location Select the location For the copy of the selected partition You can arrange the partition location using the arrow keys on the keyboard or by clicking on a partition before or after which you want to place the copy Please press Mext to continue Flags Capacity Free Space ele NTFS Ci Pri cto 32 26GB 15 85 GB Se NTFS Ds 4 052 GB 3 04 GB Sel FAT16 Es 1 976 GB 1 976 GB Disk 2 le System as Pri Ack 7013 ME 3 39 MB Sel Program Hi 6 013 GB 5 981 GB Copy of FAT16 Es 1 976 G65 You can locate a copy anywhere on your disk s The copy partition wizard will automatically perform all necessary operations even if it has to resize or move other partitions T a de iJ 1 The selected disk might lack space for a copy Nevertheless you can copy a partition by selecting another partition whose space will be partly
39. S None Partition 0x6 FAT16 rs Recover By Edit Tools Bootable Media Builder EJ OS Selector E Unallocated ACRONIS 52 Details A 130 44 GB FAT32 lt gt unallocated hos El Unallocated 14 65GB NTFS 33 99GB NTFS Total Size 38 88 GB Primary E Logical E Unallocated Selecting unallocated disk space 2 Select Disk gt Create partition or a similar item in the Operations sidebar list or click gt Create partition on the toolbar 36 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Manual Partition Operations 3 In the Create Partition window enter a partition label and select a file system and partition type Primary Logical from the list you can also enter partition size and location using a mouse or by direct input to Partition size Unallocated space before and Unallocated space after fields As a rule Primary is selected if a partition is to contain an operating system If a partition is meant for data storage Logical should be selected Create Partition Please specify the size and the location For the new partition File system NTFS Create as Logical Partition ww Size and Position E 30 588 GB MTFS Minimum size 1 044 ME Maximum size 30 565 Gb Unallocated space before 0 bytes Partition size 33 38 GE Unallocated space after 0 bytes Created partition parameters window 4 By clicking OK you ll add the pending operation of new partition creation The n
40. S DISK DIRECTOR SERVER cccccscccsccssccsccesccsceuscesccesseuccesscesscesscessenscesseussescusseuss 5 1 2 WHAT S NEW IN ACRONIS DISK DIRECTOR SERVER 10 07 oococcnnccnnccniocnnccnnccnaconocnnccnoronoconccnconoconocnns 5 L3 SOFTWARE USE CONDITIONS dis 6 KE TECHNICAL UP TORT Ona O O NTE 6 CHAPTER2 INSTALLATION AND USE ororen sa a a aai aaeei 7 ZA SFY SIE MEINE OUR IM INS id 7 22 JINSFACEATION PROCESS A san each desta Gaia naan ees de anes a 7 23 WPGRADING ACRONIS DISK DIRECTOR SERVER ica 8 234 REMOVING SOT WARE ae ao odiosa dotados 8 25 USER INTERRACE 00 Dio 8 2 6 BEFORE YOU RUN ACRONIS DISK DIRECTOR SERVER c ccsscccssccssccescccscceusccesccesccesceusceesccueceusceuscss 8 2 7 RUNNING ACRONIS DISK DIRECTOR SERVER cccccsccssccsscceccccescceuccusceuccesccusceucseuseuscescsescescenscusceuscs 9 CHAPTER 3 BEGINNING THE WORK wscoicessncescdecccsescescaceicksedecsccesencisksccncodetiededcheecuesccssestictsaccescasdacess 11 3 1 ACRONIS DISK DIRECTOR SERVER LOGICAL ORGANIZATION cccccsccsccsscsccsscescescescesccsccscescesceses 11 3 2 ACRONIS DISK DIRECTOR SERVER MAIN WINDOW ccccceccssccsccceccesceuccceccesccesceuccesscesceuscenscusceuscs 12 5 5 CALEING PARTELION OPERATION SS 13 SA PARTITION OPERATION PROPERTIES AE 14 3 5 PROTECTING ACRONIS DISK DIRECTOR SERVER WITH A PASSWORD s ccsccseccssccescesccscesscesceuecs 18 zo WIE WING OGS dd Td het eae 19 CHAPTER 4 AUTOMATIC PARTITION O
41. ally make another partition active Note that the Advanced gt Hide sidebar item is changed to Advanced gt Unhide after you select a hidden partition from the list The partition context menu also changes iS A Hiding a partition in Windows 98 Me can change the order of letters assigned to other partitions As a result some shortcuts might stop working In Windows NT 2000 XP hiding a partition does not affect letters assigned to other partitions As a result only hidden partition shortcuts will stop working A detailed discussion of partition letter assignment rules for various operating systems appears in 4 1 Creating A New Partition 5 2 4 Unhiding a partition Unhiding a partition is performed so an operating system can see the partition assign it a letter and provide access to Its files If you need to unhide a partition 1 Select a disk and partition to unhide from the list in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window 58 Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Manual Partition Operations Select Disk gt Advanced gt Unhide or a similar item in the Advanced sidebar list or click Unhide the selected partition on the toolbar or select it from partition or the graphical representation context menu By clicking OK in the Unhide Partition window you ll add the pending operation to partition unhiding your actions may only undo or modify an existing operation See 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations Unhid
42. and partition disk imaging software Acronis True Image visit http www acronis com products trueimage It creates a backup stored in a compressed archive file whose contents can be restored at any time 2 Test your disk to make sure it s fully functional and does not contain bad sectors or file system errors S You can invoke system hard disk checking tools directly from Acronis Disk Director Server c by selecting Disk gt Check or clicking Check the selected partition for errors toolbar button 3 Do not perform any partition operations while running other software that has low level disk access such as antivirus or backup tools Close such programs before running Acronis Disk Director Server If you follow these simple rules you will protect yourself against data loss 2 8 Running Acronis Disk Director Server 2 7 1 Running under Windows Under Windows select Start gt Programs gt Acronis gt DiskDirector gt Acronis Disk Director Server Under Windows Acronis Disk Director Server can perform operations on any partitions including primary logical system or data without rebooting your PC 2 7 2 Running Acronis Disk Director Server for the first time When you run the program for the first time you will be prompted to choose whether you want to work in Automatic Mode or Manual Mode Automatic Mode provides enough functionality to create almost any partition configuration on your PC hard disks
43. ard page you can provide a desired size The wizard will automatically determine the minimum and maximum copy size 34 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Automatic Partition Operations Copy Partition Wizard Partition Size Specify the created partition size Please specify the created partition size Minimum Partition J Maximum Partition Size 7 044 ME Size 4 600 GB Partition size 11 976 GB The page for partition copy size selection The minimum copy size is determined by the data area size of a copied partition The maximum size is determined by the available disk space It includes the space taken from a partition and unallocated disk space By copying a partition at the expense of existing partition free space Acronis Disk Director Server can take the partition space to make sure that partition size is not smaller than 110 of data occupied space 3 On the next Partition Type wizard page you can select partition copy type Active Primary and Logical As a rule Primary is selected if a partition contains an operating system If a partition is intended for data storage you should select Logical Select Active if you want to boot the partition s operating system at startup By copying a partition at the expense of existing partition free space Acronis Disk Director Server can take the partition space to make sure that partition size is not smaller than 110 of data occupied space Further actio
44. artition 48 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Manual Partition Operations Y 2 Select Disk gt Format or a similar item in the Operations sidebar list or click Format the selected partition on the toolbar 3 Enter the partition label in the Format Partition window Format Partition Formatting the selected partition A Formatting the partition will DESTROY all the data on the partition Partition label BackKUFL File system FAT16 Ww Cluster size Auto 32 KB ka Format Partition window 4 Select a file system to be created on a partition after formatting Acronis Disk Director Server supports the following file systems see A 9 File System Main Specifications e FAT16 FAT32 NTFS Windows file systems e Linux Ext2 Ext3 ReiserFS Swap Linux file systems 5 Select cluster size Auto 512 bytes 1 2 4 64 KB Note that 1 The smaller the cluster size the less disk space will be lost see A 9 2 FAT16 Table 3 2 The smaller the cluster size the bigger the file allocation table FAT The bigger the FAT the slower the operating system works with the disk 3 If you select Auto you allow Disk Director Server to automatically determine the cluster size depending on selected file system and partition size 6 By clicking OK in the Format Partition window you ll add the pending operation of partition formatting your actions may only modify an existing operation See 3 4
45. ccidentally deleted or damaged due to a hardware or software error Format label assign letters hide and unhide partitions set active partitions and perform additional disk management operations Recover boot records files and folders structure find lost clusters remove viruses etc Some terms of this guide might be unfamiliar Chapter 7 Hard Disk And File Systems and Appendix B Glossary provide descriptions of some hard disk data storage components and used terms 1 2 What s new in Acronis Disk Director Server 10 02 Splitting merging partitions You can split a partition in two moving the selected folders to the new partition and leaving the rest of the data on the old one This operation can also be used for creating an empty partition from another partition s free space You can merge two partitions as well even if their file systems are different All data will stay intact and reside on the resulting partition Exploring and managing partitions contents You can explore or manage partition contents before configuring operations on that partition directly from Acronis Disk Director Server It enables you to copy paste rename and delete files and folders create folders on the selected partition and even edit text files Working in the command line mode An administrator might need a console interface to create delete and resize the partitions Acronis Disk Director Server supports this mode with Copyrig
46. cronis Disk Director Server to create a pending operation list for new partition creation these actions may only modify an existing operation See 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations The list will include not only the operation of partition creation itself but also operations of partition resizing for creating a new partition If you want to create a new partition and there is no free space on disks E Run the create partition wizard by clicking Create a new partition You will immediately see the Select Hard Disk Drive wizard page passing the Action Selection page Further actions for partition creation are the same as described in 4 1 Creating A New Partition section 28 Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Automatic Partition Operations Click Finish on the last wizard page to allow Acronis Disk Director Server to create a pending operation list for new partition creation these actions may only modify an existing operation See 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations 4 2 Increasing Partition Free Space You might need to increase partition free space in some cases e There is no free space to install new applications or store data e Some programs like defragmenters could stop working correctly if partition free space Is smaller than a certain value Reducing system partition free space below a certain value might cause operating system problems The Increase free space wizard will enable you to enlarge a partit
47. disk that can be accessed without moving the magnetic head Access to the data inside one cylinder is much faster than moving the head from one cylinder to another Disc A non magnetic storage media compact disc CD RW or DVD Disk A magnetic storage media floppy disk or hard disk Note Disc and Disk are often used interchangeably Drive A general word that can mean both a device for accessing information on a disk floppy disk drive and a partition that can be accessed from an operating system logical drive File A file is named information storage in the file system In different file systems files can be stored in different ways with different file names and different ways to write the full path to the file in the folder tree File allocation table FAT The hard disk area located after the boot sector which describes physical files locations a duplicate for higher data storage reliability follows FAT The FAT also contains the disk cluster list as well as many records as there are clusters on a disk If a FAT cell contains 0 the cluster is empty The last file cluster defective cluster and reserved clusters have their own special markings The FAT describes each file by a chain of numbers like serial numbers of a file s disk clusters The number of the first cluster of each file is stored in the folder Writing deleting and modifying files and folders results in corresponding FAT changes File system
48. e bytes per i node window you ll add the pending operation of Linux Ext2 Ext3 partition i node resizing your actions may only undo or modify an existing operation See 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations 64 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Working in the command line mode Chapter 6 Working in the command line mode Acronis Disk Director Server supports the command line mode for most important partition operations with diskdirectorcmd exe utility Using command line mode you can e Create partition e Delete partition e Resize partition Also you can get information on hard disk partition structure using the command ASE 6 1 Supported commands diskdirectorcmd exe has the following format diskdirectorcmd command option options The following commands are supported each command may be accompanied by additional options create partition Creates new partition using unallocated space on the hard disk Supported options starts Start sector Sets the start sector for creating a partition on the hard disk unallocated space jnaradisk x Specifies the hard disk number where new partition will be created size partition size in sectors Sets the new partition size in sectors filesystem FAT16 FAT32 NTFS EXT2FS EXT3FS REISERFS Sets the file system for the new partition The default value is NONE type active primary logical Sets the new partition type By default if thi
49. ebar list or click Z Change the type of the selected partition on the toolbar or select it from partition or the graphical representation context menu 3 Select the necessary partition type in the Partition type window 62 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Manual Partition Operations Partition Type Changing the selected partition type Partition Type senis rook meni Just NTFS HPFS ATs Boot Al Data O5 2 BootManager FAT3Z LEA UnknowntEr FAT16 LEA Partition type window 4 By clicking OK in the Partition type window you ll add the pending operation of partition type changing your actions may only undo or modify an existing operation See 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations A Attention Changing partition type might prevent some operating systems from working with it even if it is a compatible file system A Changing partition type in Windows 98 Me can hide a partition and change the order of letters assigned to other partitions As a result some shortcuts might stop working A detailed discussion of partition letter assignment rules for various operating systems appears in 4 1 Creating A New Partition 5 2 9 Resizing i node table in Linux Ext2 Ext3 In Linux Ext2 Ext3 the i node index descriptor is the main data structure describing files Each descriptor contains a file description including file type size data block pointers etc Data block addresses reserved for a file are stored in
50. ecessary for the folders being moved to the new partition and will add the specified free space share to that size Thus if you divide free space in equal parts it does not mean that the two resulting partitions will be equal in size Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 A5 Manual Partition Operations 5 By clicking Proceed you ll add a pending operation your actions may only undo or modify already existing operation see 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations The new partition structure will be graphically represented in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window 5 1 6 Merging partitions You can merge two partitions even if their file systems are different All data will stay intact and reside on the resulting partition The resulting partition will have the same file system as the target partition to which data from another partition will be added If you need to merge one partition with another 1 Select a partition to be merged to the target partition 2 Select Disk gt Merge or a similar item in the Operations sidebar list or click Merge on the toolbar 3 Select the target partition 4 Select a folder on the target partition to which the data from the merged partition will be placed You can create a new folder using icons above the folder tree If the folder already exists it must be empty Merge Partitions Combining separate partitions into one Specify an empty Folder in the chosen on the pre
51. ecovery Expert Acronis Recovery Expert allows recovery of hard disk partitions accidentally deleted or damaged due to a hardware or software failure It uses a wizard interface You can run Acronis Recovery Expert in the following ways While working with Acronis Disk Director Server in the Automatic mode e Using Recover Partition item in the wizards section of the Acronis Disk Director Server main window sidebar e Using the respective main menu item While working in the Manual mode e Using Advanced gt Recover item of the context menu by hovering a mouse pointer over Unallocated space and right clicking Then Acronis Recovery Expert begins reading the partition configuration of your hard disks After the process is finished you may see a warning that there are no unallocated spaces on your hard disks Acronis Recovery Expert Acronis Recovery Expert cannot find any unallocated space s on your hard disk drive s Please press Finish to close Acronis Recovery Expert Y Acronis Compute with confidence www acronis com Cana Hard disks do not have any unallocated spaces Please note the entire hard disk space can be partly partitioned and or partly unallocated If you delete a disk partition whether intentionally or by mistake its space becomes unallocated You can create a new partition using unallocated space only Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 67 Working with Acronis Recovery Expert Acro
52. ectly changing a partition letter might affect shortcuts to existing partitions Changing a partition letter in Windows NT 2000 XP might result in problems running applications and opening files on the partition If it is a system or swap file partition it might cause OS boot problems A detailed discussion of partition letter assignment rules for various operating systems appears in 4 1 Creating A New Partition 5 2 2 Converting a file system FATI6 The main disadvantages of FAT16 are e Inability to support partitions larger than 2 GB e Inability to work with files larger than 2 GB e Inability to work with hard disks larger than 8 GB e Limited root size up to 512 elements e File names containing up to eight name symbols a dot and three extension symbols Windows NT do not have this limitation FAT32 The FAT32 file system appeared in Windows 95 OSR2 and is supported by Windows 98 Me and Windows 2000 XP lts main purpose was to remove FAT 16 limitations FAT32 is the evolution of FAT16 56 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Manual Partition Operations The main difference between FAT32 and FAT16 Is the support of higher capacity folders files and disks and more flexible root organization that features unlimited size and long file name support For more details see A 9 File System Main Specifications Converting FAT16 to FAT32 You would convert a FAT16 partition to FAT32 in the following cases 1 If y
53. erating systems assign letters C D to hard disk partitions at startup They are used by applications and operating systems to locate files on partitions Connecting an additional disk as well as creating or deleting a partition on existing disks might change your system configuration As a result some applications might stop working or user files might not be opened To prevent this you can change letters assigned by an operating system If you need to change a letter assigned to a partition by an operating system 1 Select the hard disk and partition on tt 2 Select Disk gt Advanced gt Change Letter or a similar item in the Advanced sidebar list or click ED Change the logical drive letter on the toolbar 3 Select a new letter in the Change letter window Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 55 Manual Partition Operations Change Letter Changing the logical drive letter Current drive letter New drive letter a Cena Change letter window 4 By clicking ok in the Change letter window you ll add a pending operation to partition letter assignment your actions may only undo or modify already existing operation see 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations The new partition structure will be graphically represented in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window Only Windows NT 2000 XP lets you change letters assigned to partitions Windows 98 Me assigns letters to partitions automatically Dir
54. es you to create a partition from unallocated disk space or other partitions e Increase free space wizard enables you to enlarge a partition at the expense of unallocated disk space or other partitions e Copy partition wizard enables you to copy a partition e Recover partitions wizard enables you to recover any deleted or damaged partitions Working with Recover partitions wizard is described in detail in a separate chapter of this guide See the sectionChapter 6 Working with Acronis Recovery Expert With these wizards even an inexperienced user will be able to perform the recovery operations using step by step instructions 3 1 2 Manual partition operations In this mode experienced users have access to all Acronis Disk Director Server features Partition operations are performed by entering necessary parameters into dialog boxes The main difference between the automatic and manual modes is that wizards perform operations series in the automatic mode and only single disk partition operations in the manual mode 3 1 3 Switching modes Having selected an operation mode during installation see 2 2 Installation Process you can switch to another mode at any time Select View gt Automatic Mode for the automatic mode or View gt Manual Mode for the manual Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 11 Beginning The Work Select User Interface Mode Please select the user interface mode Mode Automatic Mode This
55. ew partition structure will be graphically represented in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window Creating a partition in unallocated disk space in Windows 98 Me can change the order of letters assigned to other partitions As a result some shortcuts might stop working A detailed discussion of partition letter assignment rules for various operating systems appears in 4 1 Creating A New Partition 5 1 2 Copying a partition to unallocated disk space The reasons for copying a partition were discussed above see 4 3 Copying Partitions Partition copy can be used e Asa partition backup or rather a data backup e Asasystem partition backup if you want to upgrade the existing operating system e To quickly move all data from the old disk to the new If you need to copy a partition Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 37 Manual Partition Operations 1 Select a hard disk and a partition to copy ze Acronis Disk Director Server SE E Disk View Operations Wizards Tools Help PEPE TETERA NAAA Flags Capacity Free Space Type Wizards sf Create Partition 4A Increase Free Space yj Copy Partition Recover Partitions SeNTFS 3 Pri Act 7 002 GB 1 838 GB NTFS 2 Unallocated 38 88 GB Unallocated Acronis Secure Zone 30 44 GB 25 15 GB FAT32 Disk 2 Operations ef NTFS C PriAct 14 65GB 8 679 GB NTFS 3 Copy NTFS E 33 99 GB 13 GB NTFS E Move S NTFS F 9 958GB 9 906 GB NTFS Resize 9 Da
56. ft Tab Left Right Up Down Space Enter and Escape keys If you regularly work with Windows or X Window applications you should not encounter r any problems with the Acronis Disk Director Server interface Acronis Disk Director Server uses a series of dialogs requiring the user to choose among several actions or to mark partitions or disks to be manipulated 2 7 Before You Run Acronis Disk Director Server PLEASE NOTE Operations on system application or data partitions must be done very carefully to avoid potential hard disk booting or data storage problems S Acronis Disk Director Server has been thoroughly tested to work with numerous hard c disks so if problems arise they are likely caused by improper use not the software 8 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Installation And Use A power loss turning off the PC or pressing the Reset button on your PC during the repartitioning procedure could result in partition damage and data loss Please take all necessary precautions and following these simple rules 1 Create a disk image of the disk on which partitions are to be reconfigured This will ensure that your data will not be lost under any circumstances Almost all current PCs feature CD RW drives Having your most important data backed up to a hard disk or CD will enable you to work on the disk partitions with full confidence that your data is safe Acronis offers extremely effective hard disk
57. grag 41 75 ME 509 9 MB 4 052 GB a KB 550 50 MB 525 6 MB 4 052 GB 65 26 ME 944 1 MB 4 052 GB nm 144 8 ME 611 9 MB 4 052 GB 204 6 MB foo MB 4 052 GB Current cluster size 4 KB Mew cluster size Current partition size 4 052 GB Mew partition size 4 952 GG Cluster size window 4 By entering a new cluster size and clicking OK in the Cluster Size window you ll add the pending operation of cluster resizing your actions may only undo or modify an existing operation See 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations 5 2 8 Changing partition type Each partition record includes the partition type field It is a hexadecimal value that defines the file and operating system suitable for a partition This hexadecimal value is optional as some operating systems use it and some do not In particular Windows 98 Me only uses the partition type field when determining if it can support a partition Usually partition type is set during its creation depending on the file system to be used However you might need to select the type manually For example if a partition is created without a file system or if a partition is meant for use with a specific OS It must be assigned a corresponding type If you need to change partition type 1 Select a disk and partition from the list in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window 2 Select Disk gt Advanced gt Change type or a similar item in the Advanced sid
58. ht Acronis Inc 2000 2010 5 Introduction diskdirectorcmd exe utility The file is located in a folder where Acronis Disk Director Server has been installed by default it is C Program Files Acronis DiskDirector e Viewing logs Acronis Disk Director Server now keeps working logs They store information about implemented partition operations including reasons for failure if any e The new Bootable Media Builder common for all Acronis products The new Bootable Media Builder is able to create bootable media for every Acronis product installed on the computer or one bootable disk for several products It also supports creating a bootable disk ISO image on the hard disk and storing the bootable programs versions on PXE server 1 3 Software use conditions The conditions of use are listed in the supplied License Agreement The unique serial number is the confirmation of your legal purchase and usage of Acronis Disk Director Server on your system Under current legislation the License Agreement is considered a contract between you and Acronis Inc The contract is a legal document and its violation may result in legal action Illegal use and or distribution of this software will be prosecuted 1 4 Technical support Users who have legally purchased and registered their copy of Acronis Disk Director Server will receive free technical support from Acronis If you have installation or working problems that you can t solve by
59. ht O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 77 Working with Acronis Disk Editor 2 Acronis Disk Editor disk 2 sectors 16 771 923 20 964 824 3 Disk Edit View Search Help vv A Western Windows 00 00 oo 00 00 00 oo 00 oo 00 00 00 00 00D 00 oo 00 oOo 00 00 00 00 00 oo 00 oOo oo Write to file File name block0D1 Ext Offset in file lo Size 1272 00 12 00 13 00 14 00 15 00 16 OO 17 00 A 00 1B 00 1c 00 1D O00 1E 1F 00 20 00 22 00 23 OO 24 00 25 OOU 26 27 00 28 00 Na A OO 00 2C OO 2D OO 2E OO 2F OO a A A AA 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 a r Sector 16 771 924 Position 95 View Hex Write to a file To read a block from a file and insert it into a disk sector you must place the cursor on the necessary sector byte and then select Read from file menu item The selection of this menu item will result in opening the Read from file window In this window enter the file name and its path or locate a file by clicking the Browse button To insert file contents to a sector from the current cursor position or considering offset in the file click the ox button Acronis Disk Editor disk 2 sectors 16 771 923 20 964 824 Disk Edit view Search Help D PaPL XE Western Windows v oo oo oo oo 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 oo 00 00 O00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 oo 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
60. in up to 50 logs If there are more you can browse the list using the More and Less buttons with the left and right arrows To delete a log select it and click Delete If any step was terminated by an error the corresponding log will be marked with a red circle with a white cross inside The right window features the list of steps contained in the selected log The three buttons to the right control message filters the white cross in the red circle filters error messages the exclamation sign in a yellow triangle filters warnings and the i in the blue circle filters information messages To select columns step parameters to display right click the headers line or left click the Choose Details button Then check the desired parameters To sort messages by a particular parameter click its header click again to reverse order or the Arrange Icons by button the second from the right and select the desired parameter You can also change column width by dragging the borders with a mouse Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 19 Automatic Partition Operations Chapter 4 Automatic Partition Operations The Automatic partition operations mode enables you to perform the following typical Operations e Create a new partition e Increase partition free space e Copy a partition e Recover partitions These operations are performed with wizards enabling you to enter operation parameters step by step and return to any ste
61. ing systems appears in 4 1 Creating A New Partition 5 1 3 Moving a partition to unallocated disk space You might need to move a partition to e Change order of letters assigned by operating system Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 39 Manual Partition Operations For example Windows 98 Me unlike Windows NT 2000 XP does not let users assign random letters to partitions so you must move a partition to assign it the necessary letter e Work with some older OS MS DOS Windows NT 4 0 that can boot only from binary partitions located in the beginning of the disk e Speed up partition operations For example you might have a special partition for a swap file If you move this partition closer to the beginning of a disk OS might work much faster with it e Change partition configuration If you need to move a partition to unallocated disk space 1 Select the hard disk and partition to move 72 Acronis Disk Director Server z Disk View Operations Wizards Tools Help 19 A EEE OTE S si ESO E Partition Flags Capacity Free Space Type Disk 1 Wizards Create Partition 4 Increase Free Space yj Copy Partition Recover Partitions ANTES J Pri Act 7 002 GB 1 838 GB NTFS 32 Unallocated 38 88 GB Unallocated gt Acronis Secure Zone 30 44 GB 25 15 GB FAT32 Disk 2 Operations ANTES C Pri Act 14 65GB 8 679 GB NTFS 3 copy e NTFS E 33 99 GB 13 GB NTFS 3 Move NTFS F 9 958GB 9 906 GB NTFS Y
62. ing the selected partition Unhide Partition Unhiding this partition may cause drive letters to changed Gre you sure you want bo unhide the partition Cancel Unhide partition window The partition Hid label will disappear from the Flags field A 5 2 9 Note that the Advanced gt Unhide sidebar item is changed to Advanced gt Hide after you select a hidden partition from the list The partition context menu changes the same If you unhide the only primary partition on a disk it will be set active Unhiding a partition in Windows 98 Me can change the order of letters assigned to other partitions As a result some shortcuts might stop working A detailed discussion of partition letter assignment rules for various operating systems appears in 4 1 Creating A New Partition Setting active partition If you have several primary partitions you must specify one to be the boot partition For this you can Set a partition to active A disk can have only one active partition If you need to set an active partition 1 Select a primary partition to set to active from the list in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window Select Disk gt Advanced gt Set Active or a similar item in the Advanced sidebar list JE Egu L or click Set the selected partition as active on the toolbar or select it from partition or the graphical representation context menu Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 59
63. ion method Please select whether you want to create a partition using the unallocated space or the Free space of the existing partitions a Free space of the existing partitions Description Create 4 new partition on the unallocated space of your hard disk drives Cancel Partition creation method selection window 2 If you want to create a partition using unallocated disk space 1 Set the switch to Unallocated space 2 The wizard will offer to create a partition on the largest unallocated area For example if you have 5 GB and 12 GB unallocated areas the wizard will offer to create a partition on the 12 GB area If you want to create a partition on the 5 GB unallocated space you will have to reject the wizard s suggestion and simply select this area and click Create a new partition You can do this in the Manual partition operations mode 3 On the Partition Size wizard page set the partition size Create Partition Wizard Partition Size Specify the created partition size Please specify the created partition size Minimum Partition Maximum Partition Size 7 613 ME sf Size 4 705 GB Partition size 4 703 GB Cancel New partition size window Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 21 Automatic Partition Operations 4 On the next wizard page select partition type Active Active Primary Primary or Logical 5 Typically Primary is selected to install an operating sy
64. ion using other partitions free space If there is not enough free space in other partitions it can use unallocated disk space If you need to increase partition free space l Run the Increase free space wizard by selecting Wizards gt Increase free space or a similar item in the Wizards sidebar list or by clicking Increase free space on a partition on the toolbar 2 On the Select Partition To Increase wizard page select a partition that you want to enlarge Increase Free Space Wizard Select Partition To Increase Select a partition bo increase the free space Please select a partition you want to increase the Free space on From the list of available partitions then press Next Partition Flags Capacity Free Space Type Disk 1 See NTFS D 4 052 GB 3 279 GB e FATI6 Es 1 976 Gb 1 976 GB Disk 2 ge NTFS Gi 6 013 GB 5 981 GB Se FAT16 H i 1 999 GB O EB Se NTFS 1 4 703 GB 4 6 7 GB Selecting a partition to increase free space 3 On the Select Partitions wizard page select a disk partition whose space will be used to increase the selected partition Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 29 Automatic Partition Operations Enlarging a partition at the expense of another partition is described above see 4 1 Creating A New Partition Increase Free Space Wizard Select Partitions Please select partitions From the list of available partitions to take the free space From then press Next
65. irector Server enables you to plan a list of partition operations for example calling a wizard for partition creation or resizing You can easily verify your actions by looking at the Pending Operations when the wizard finishes its work You can also create a partition by selecting Disk gt Create Partition This requires a list of actions to be performed enter a label select partition type file system size and location resulting in the creation of a single partition create operation only The difference between user actions and partition operations should be kept in mind if you wish to undo user actions Any user action in Acronis Disk Director Server can be undone or redone before committing the operation To undo a user action e Select Operations gt Undo from the main menu or press Ctr1 2 Click the 2 Undo Last Action toolbar button To redo a user action e Select Operations gt Redo from the main menu or press Ctr1 Y Click the Redo Last Action toolbar button As user actions result in creating pending partition operations as mentioned above undoing them results in canceling one or more partition operations And conversely redoing a user action results in the addition of one or more pending operations Depending on the situation undoing an action may cancel a pending operation or undo changes of an existing operation see 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations Similarly redoing an action migh
66. irector full version Includes support of USB PC Card and SCSI interfaces along with the storage devices connected via them therefore is highly recommended e Disk Director safe version Doesn t include USB PC Card or SCSI drivers Recommended for use in case of problems with running Full version To find more about components of other Acronis products see the respective user guides 3 Select the type of bootable media CD R RW or 3 5 diskettes to create If your BIOS has this feature you can create other bootable media such as removable USB flash drives You can also choose to create a bootable disk ISO image or save bootable data on the PXE server Media Builder is impossible Having created an ISO disk image you will be able to burn it onto any kind of DVD recordable using DVD recording software Creating a bootable DVD directly from Bootable When using 3 5 diskettes you will be able to write on a diskette or a set of the Media Builder once again Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 diskettes only one component at a time To write another component start Bootable 83 Bootable Media Builder Acronis Media Builder Bootable Media Selection Select a drive to be used to create a bootable media Choose a media type From the list below The list contains all available devices that could be used to create media that stores data required For boot It could be such devices as floppy disk d
67. ithout saving them you will see a warning about saving your changes gt Acronis Disk Editor disk 2 sectors 16 771 923 20 964 824 E Disk Edit View Search Help 9S VHIPLXO Cyrillic DOS 866 v Boot patch flags W Fati6 ms pos W Far32 v os 2 05 2 patch OFCH OS Selector checksu Warning OS Selector structure size Sector 16 771 923 has been modified Do you wish to save it cylinder head sect cylinder head s 372 121 51 100 109 Windows NT serial numbe OS Selector serial numbe D65h NetWare 3 x O6Eh Unknown 97 115 32 107 049h Unknown 343 83 b b b b DACh Unknown 784 885 Partition table signature 04455h 04455h lt ji lt gt Sector 16 771 923 Position 450 View Partition table Saving modified sector 8 5 Write Block to a File and Read from a File The Write to file and Read from file menu items allow you to save the selected block to a file or to read the block from a file and save it to a disk sector The selection of the Write to file item results in opening the Write to file window the block to be saved should already be selected In this window enter the file name and its path or locate a file by clicking the Browse button The file size will be calculated automatically To save a file click the ox button Copyrig
68. ition File system Please select the created partition type NTFS ka Description Windows MT Windows 2000 and Windows XP native File system Choose it if you are using these operating systems Note that Windows 95 and DOS cannot access NTFS partitions Partition file system selection window Selecting a partition file system results in partition formatting i e creating partition data storage structures boot record file allocation table etc 8 On the next wizard page you will be asked to select a partition letter Create Partition Wizard Logical Drive Letter Specify a drive letter For the partition Please choose 4 drive letter For the partition o Mo thank you I do not want to assign a letter Description Select this item if vou want to assign a drive letter to the partition Please choose a drive letter From the list Partition Logical Drive Letter selection window At startup an operating system assigns letters C D to partitions These letters are used by applications and the operating system to locate files on partitions For example C Program Files Acronis Disk Director DiskDirector exe See also Appendix B Glossary Letter of a drive partition Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 23 Automatic Partition Operations Hard disk partitions are not only assigned letters but are also numbered That means some operating system partitions are assigned letters and numbers in o
69. ition to unallocated disk space in Windows 98 Me can change the order of letters assigned to other partitions As a result some shortcuts might stop working A detailed discussion of partition letter assignment rules for various operating systems appears in 4 1 Creating A New Partition Take special care when moving an operating system partition and its boot code location The OS might stop booting For example Windows NT 4 0 and earlier versions limit boot code location to the first 2016 MB Splitting partitions You can split a partition in two moving the selected folders to the new partition and leaving the rest of the data on the old one The new partition will have the same file system This operation can also be used for creating an empty partition from another partition s free space There must be some free space on a partition to enable its splitting The amount of free Space necessary for splitting can be calculated as follows e Space for the new partition file system depending on the file system type maximum 20 MB e Plus space for the program s housekeeping data about 25 MB e Plus 3 of the size of the data being moved to the newly created partition With splitting completed this space will be free again except for space for the new partition file system and will be distributed between the two resulting partitions If there is not enough space on the partition you will get a message that splitting is impossible
70. k 2 Wipe the selected unallocated space on the toolbar 3 In the Wipe Unallocated Space window enter a number of disk passes up to 99 For information about the Acronis Disk Director Server data wiping algorithm see the commentary for 5 1 10 Deleting a partition Wipe Unallocated Space Wiping the selected unallocated space by over writing ik in several Passes Over Writing passes ff Hard disk passes number window 4 By clicking Ok you ll add a pending operation of unallocated disk space wiping 5 1 14 Clearing a hard disk Acronis Disk Director Server lets you clear not only unallocated disk space but an entire disk as well If you need to clear the entire hard disk 1 Select a hard disk on the Tree View panel of Acronis Disk Director Server Clear the current hard disk drive button becomes available on the toolbar if there is no Tree View panel in the main window show it by selecting View gt Tree View 2 Select Disk gt Clear or a similar item in the Operations sidebar list or click Clear the current hard disk drive on the toolbar 3 Select the clearing method in the Clear Hard Drive window you can 1 just delete hard disk partitions without wiping disk sectors set the switch to Delete partitions 2 delete hard disk partitions and fully clear hard disk sectors set the switch to Delete partitions and destroy data Having set the switch to Delete partitions and
71. k by one of the following methods 1 Holding the mouse button and dragging the corresponding partition rectangle left side to resize free space before the partition 2 Having pointed to the rectangle hold the left mouse button and move a partition as a whole until you get the necessary MB or GB amount in the Unallocated space before field 3 Specifying the necessary value in the Unallocated space before field Acronis Disk Director Server automatically considers the limitations of file systems and parameters provided In particular it won t let you enlarge a FAT16 partition over the maximum 2 GB 4 GB for Windows 98 Me value By clicking ox in the Resize Partition window you ll create a pending operation for partition resizing and moving your actions may only undo or modify an existing operation see 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations The new partition structure will be graphically represented in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 43 Manual Partition Operations 5 1 5 Acronis Disk Director Server features a wizard for performing more complex partition resizing see 4 2 Increasing Partition Simple partition resizing lets you increase partition size only if there is free unallocated space before or after a partition The wizard lets you perform more complex operations such as increasing partition free space at the expense of other partitions Moving a part
72. l name that can be assigned to a partition to simplify its identification Usually has the same limitation as file names For example FAT partitions have labels up to 11 characters long but may contain spaces Letter of a drive partition All operating systems that are DOS compatible use Latin letters to identify drives and partitions Letters A and B are usually reserved for floppy drives Starting with C letters are assigned to hard disk partitions that can be recognized by the operating system Separate letters may be assigned to CD ROMs DVDs or other disk drives and to network drives Logical disk is a partition whose file system is recognized by the operating system Usually each logical disk is assigned with a letter that uniquely identifies it Logical partition Partition information that is located not in MBR but in the extended partition table The number of logical partitions on a disk is unlimited Master boot record MBR is located in the first sector of the first hard disk and stores information about the hard disk partitioning and code that is loaded with BIOS All the actions that follow depend on the contents of this code Operating system is a set of programs that usually includes kernel drivers shell and system programs that are used for centralized hardware management and hiding the details of hardware management from the user and applications Operating system booting is initiated by loading its boot sector to
73. n letter assignment rules for various operating systems appears in 4 1 Creating A New Partition 5 1 11 Checking hard disk partitions for errors Acronis Disk Director Server enables you to check hard disk partitions for file system errors Hard disk partitions should be checked before any partition operations see 2 6 Before You Run If you need to check a hard disk partition 1 Select a hard disk and partition in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window 2 Select Disk gt Check or a similar item in the Operations sidebar list or click 3 Check the selected partition for errors on the toolbar 3 If you want to find and fix errors choose one of the next options e Check partitions for errors e Check and fix found errors e Check and fix errors and locate bad sectors 4 By clicking Ok you ll run partition error checking 5 Results are shown in the Check Partition window Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 51 Manual Partition Operations Check Partition The type of the File system is FAT volume Serial Mumber is 7916 B415 Windows is verifying Files and Folders File and Folder verification is complete Windows has checked the file system and Found no problems 121 793 536 bytes total disk space 98 304 bytes in 3 hidden Files 2121 695 232 bytes available on disk 32 768 bytes in each allocation unit 64 752 total allocation units on disk 64 749 allocation units available on disk
74. n optional attribute It s a name assigned to a partition for easier recognition For example one could be called System a partition with an operating system Program an application partition Data a data partition etc In Windows partition labels are shown in the Explorer disk and folder tree WIN98 C WINXP D DATA E etc WIN98 WINXP and DATA are partition labels A partition label is shown in all application dialog boxes for opening and saving files See Appendix B Glossary Label If you need to change a partition label 1 Select Disk gt Change Label or a similar item in the Operations sidebar list or click gt Change the selected partition label on the toolbar 2 Entera new label in the Partition label window Partition Label Changing the label of the selected partition Partition label BACKUF Partition label window 3 By clicking OK in the Partition Label window you ll add the pending operation of partition label changing your actions may only undo or modify an existing operation see 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations The new label will be graphically represented in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window 5 1 9 Formatting a partition Acronis Disk Director Server lets you logically format a partition It includes organizing a file system that supports files and folder data storage If you need to format an existing partition 1 Select a disk and a p
75. n table mode S Acronis Disk Editor disk 2 sectors 16 771 923 20 964 824 Disk Edit View Search Help Cyrillic DOS 866 OS Selector boot disk 107Ch Boot patch flags W FaT16 ms DOS W FaTt32 V osf2 05 2 patch OFCH OS Selector checksum O8Eh Valid OBDh OS Selector structure size 60376 Valid 14 Windows NT serial number IDEF4EOD2Fh OS Selector serial number 02D6Eh Partition type Boot Begin Begin Begin End End End cylinder head sect cylinder head sect p6sh Netware 3 x om 372 fi21 fsi f100 109 32 O6Eh Unknown vif 97 tis l32 lio7 121 32 1049h Unknown aE 33 f fzo les DACH Unknown v 784 7 13 llass Partition table signature 04455h o445Sh 3 v gt Sector 16 771 923 Position 450 View Partition table The main window in the view as partition table mode To make the information contained in this field sensible the current sector should be the MBR or the extended partition table The next figure shows the partition table as a single dump hexadecimal byte values are on the left and the corresponding characters are on the right Acronis Disk Editor disk 2 sectors 16 771 923 20 964 824 E Disk Edit View Search Help la Western Windows v 00 00 oo 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
76. ng deletion etc 5 1 1 Creating partitions If there is unallocated space on a disk you can create a partition using manual disk Operations Note that the Create partition wizard mentioned above can create a partition using both unallocated disk space and the space of existing partitions see 4 1 Creating A New Partition It will enable you to create a partition on unallocated space only If there is no such space it should be provided by resizing and moving existing partitions If you need to create a disk partition 1 Select hard disk and unallocated space in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window The Create partition button will become available on the toolbar and the Create Partition operation on the sidebar and in the context menu ze Acronis Disk Director Suite 4 Disk View Operations Wizards Tools Help s i E lt o gt J 3 2 Y 4 t lt 2 Dy Partition Flags Capacity Free Space Type Wizard 20 Disk 1 E Create Partition 4A Increase Free Space yj Copy Partition Recover Partitions NTFS J Pri Act 7 002 GB 1 838 GB NTFS 2 Unallocated 38 88 GB Unallocated S Acronis Secure Zone 30 44 GB 25 15 GB FAT32 Disk 2 Operations 2 NTFS C Pri Act 14 65GB 8 679 GB NTFS lt Create Partition NTFS E 33 99 GB 13 GB NTFS wipe S NTFS F 9 958GB 9 906 GB NTFS WD Properties 29 Data_Sample G 4 88 GB 4 798 GB NTFS lt NTFS H 4 88GB 788 1 MB NTFS Advanced 22 None 1 7 974 GB F
77. ng hard disk or partition data e Select the necessary partition disk to edit with Acronis Disk Editor from the list of available partitions disks in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window e Select Edit in the Advanced section of the main window sidebar or the respective item of the context menu invoked by right clicking You can also access editing operations selecting main menu Disk gt Advanced gt Edit This will invoke Acronis Disk Editor providing access to other editing operations of the selected partition disk gt Acronis Disk Editor disk 2 sectors 16 771 923 20 964 824 E Disk Edit View Search Help Absolute sector 16 771 923 cylinder 1 044 head 1 sector 1 i Cyrillic 005 866 vi File system name BOOTWIZO Sector size 512 512 Sectors per cluster 64 Reserved sectors 0 1 FAT copies 0 2 Root folder items 0 11504 Big total sectors 0 Media ID FAT size 0 Sectors per track Number of heads Hidden sectors Big total sectors 0 4192863 FAT16 Free Space 0 06 GB Total Size 1 999 GB Position O View NTFS bootsector 74 Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Working with Acronis Disk Editor 8 3 Main Window of the Program The main window shows the numbers of disk and sector where the internal program cursor is positioned It usually contains information about the work of various modes Below the main window of the program is the view as partitio
78. ng unallocated disk space means multiple writing of special data to hard disk sectors i Acronis Disk Director Server features a rather simple wiping algorithm During each pass a symbol sequence or logical zeroes 0x00 or ones OxFF is written to unallocated space sectors Only logical zeroes are written during the last pass The more passes performed the more complete the wiping will be Acronis offers extremely powerful hard disk partition wiping software Acronis Privacy Expert Suite featuring strict algorithms for guaranteed confidential information wiping and destruction 4 Confirm partition deletion by clicking OK in the Delete Partition window 5 By clicking ox in the Delete Partition window you ll add the pending operation of partition deletion your actions may only undo an existing operation depending on the situation selected see 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations The new partition structure will be graphically represented in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window 50 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Manual Partition Operations A Attention Deleting a partition destroys all its data including files and folders Deleting a system partition will make a PC inoperable Take special care when performing this operation AN Deleting a partition Windows 98 Me can change the order of letters assigned to other partitions As a result some shortcuts might stop working A detailed discussion of partitio
79. nis Recovery Expert checks to see if your hard disks contain unallocated space If you have none then it makes no sense to search for deleted partitions If you have unallocated space it may have contained one or more partitions Acronis Recovery Expert will search unallocated space thoroughly either automatically or manually 7 1 Automatic Recovery You can recover deleted partitions automatically or manually To do so set the switch to the necessary position in the Recovery mode window Let us describe automatic partition recovery first Set the switch to Automatic Acronis Recovery Expert Recovery Mode You can choose between Fully automated and manual recovery modes Please select the recovery mode you wish to work under You can find the description of each in the selection below e Automatic Manual Description In this mode Acronis Recovery Expert tries to find the deleted partitions on all hard disk drives connected to your PC The discovered partitions will be recovered automatically Note that it is not always possible to recover all partitions in the automatic mode In such cases please use the Manual mode Selecting Automatic recovery mode In the next Searching for Deleted Partitions window Acronis Recovery Expert searches for all deleted partitions The search progress is shown in the lower part of the window 68 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Working with Acronis Recovery Expert Acroni
80. ns for copying a partition are the same as described in sections 4 7 of 4 1 Creating A New Partition letters assigned to other partitions As a result some shortcuts might stop working For a detailed discussion of partition letter assignment rules for various operating systems see 4 1 Creating A New Partition A Copying a partition in Windows 98 Me and assigning it a letter can change the order of Clicking Finish on the last wizard page will allow Acronis Disk Director Server to create the pending operation list for copying a partition your actions may only modify an existing operation See 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations The new partition structure will be graphically represented in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 35 Manual Partition Operations Chapter 5 Manual Partition Operations Unlike the Automatic partition operations mode see 3 1 the Manual partition operations mode is intended for experienced users only and offers much wider operation lists Manual operation parameters are entered in the dialog boxes To switch to the Manual partition operations mode select View gt Manual mode 5 1 Main Partition Operations Main hard disk partition operations include the typical most frequently used operations of partition creation selecting a type file system formatting etc assigning label and letter partition resizing relocating cleari
81. ntain structures required for data storage and control These structures usually consist of an OS boot record files and folders A file system performs the following main functions 1 Monitors used and free disk space including bad sectors 2 Maintains folders and file names 3 Monitors physical file location on a disk Different operating systems use different file systems One operating system may support only one file system others may support several A 9 1 File system specification summary Below is a summary of the most popular file systems Each system is briefly discussed This information can help you work with Acronis Disk Director Server Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 89 Hard Disk And File Systems Table 1 Windows file systems File system Operating systems Max partition size Max file size Max file name length Restoration logging Max files in root Max clusters blocks Cluster block size File record table l node Table 2 Linux file systems File system Operating systems Max partition size Max file size Max file name length Restoration logging Max files in root Max clusters blocks Cluster block size File record table l node FAT16 Almost all 4 GB 2 GB for Windows 950SR2 98 Me Limited by partition size 255 No Set at formatting 716 512 Bytes 64 KB No Ext2 Linux 16 TB Limited by partition size 255 No Unlimited 732
82. nts after standard formatting Acronis Disk Director Server lets you change the root size of existing partitions If you need to resize a FAT16 partition root 1 Select a disk and FAT16 partition from the list in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window 2 Select Disk gt Advanced gt Resize Root or a similar item in the Advanced sidebar list or click 1 Change the number of files that can be located in the root of the selected partition on the toolbar or select it from partition or the graphical representation context menu If you select a partition with another file system mentioned sidebar and context c menu items will not be available 60 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Manual Partition Operations 3 Enter the new root size a number of elements in the Resize Root window Resize Root Changing the number of Files that can be located in the rook of the selected partition Current root size 1 504 New rook size Tx Resize FAT16 root window FAT16 can contain a maximum of 65 520 elements 4 By clicking OK you ll add the pending operation of FAT16 partition root resizing your actions may only undo or modify an existing operation See 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations 5 2 7 Changing cluster size Smaller clusters see Appendix B Glossary Cluster might significantly reduce disk Space losses because any file occupies at least one cluster block Disk space losse
83. omponents and their BIOSes video SCSI etc e Booting an operating system If a boot manager is installed on a computer it is booted instead of an operating system Then the boot manager boots the user selected operating system itself Boot record The initial part of a partition that contains code and data necessary for booting an operating system May consist of one or several sectors The first sector of a boot record must end with the boot sector signature OAA55h Boot sector is the first sector of a disk or a partition that contains the initial code for the operating system booting The boot sector must end with the OAA55h signature Bootable disk is a disk from which an operating system may be booted A bootable disk must contain a boot sector of an operating system and the necessary system and configuration files The bootable disk term usually refers to diskettes and CD ROMs Bootable partition A partition that can host an operating system At the beginning of such a partition there should be a boot record Cluster Information storage unit in such file systems as FAT and NTFS Every file occupies a certain number of whole clusters so the greater the cluster size the higher the losses due to file size adjustment but the smaller the cluster the more space the cluster distribution tables occupy Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 93 Glossary Cylinder A group of all the tracks on all the magnetic platters of a hard
84. on Acronis Disk Director Server considers the results of partition free space increase as a single complex operation that can be undone only as a whole 4 3 Copying Partitions Having copied a partition you get the duplicate of all its data Partition copy can be used e Asa partition backup or rather as a data backup e A system partition backup is advised if you want to upgrade the existing operating system e To quickly move all data from an old disk to a new disk We again recommend our backup solution Acronis True Image It enables you to create P a backup image of a partition and or entire hard disk in a compressed archive file while allowing comments and password protection See http www acronis com products trueimage The copy partition wizard will let you create a partition copy on the selected disk space It can be created on unallocated disk space or at the expense of existing partition space inserted between other partitions or resized after comparison with the original It can also change the type or file system and assign a label or a letter if needed If you need to copy a partition 1 Run the wizard by selecting Wizards gt Copy partition or a similar item in the Wizards sidebar list or by clicking E Copy a partition on the toolbar 2 On the Select Partition To Copy wizard page select a partition to copy Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 31 Automatic Partition Operations
85. on operations mode the main window also includes all unallocated disk space while only partitions are shown in the automatic mode Partition creation free Space and copy wizards automatically recognize unallocated disk space in this mode 12 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Beginning The Work ze Acronis Disk Director Server 4 Disk View Operations Wizards Tools Help ae ssS U sex ss 4 s ael Poiaeus Flags Capacity Free Space Type Wizards sf Create Partition A Increase Free Space yj Copy Partition Recover Partitions ee NTFS 3 Pri Act 7 002 GB 1 838 GB NTFS S NTFS K 38 88 GB 38 38 GB NTFS 2 Acronis Secure Zone 30 44 GB 25 15 GB FAT32 Disk 2 Operations ENTES C PriAct 14 65GB 8 715 GB NTFS x Copy NTFS E 33 99GB 13 03 GB NTFS 3 Move NTFS F 9 958GB 9 906 GB NTFS Resize lt Data_Sample G 4 88GB 4 798 GB NTFS Q Change Label S NTFS H 4 88GB 788 1 MB NTFS Format 2 None 1 7 974 GB FS None Partition 0x6 FAT16 X Delete Split YE Merge Y Check Defragment Explore pact ili SSS K ACRONIS 52 Advanced i A 30 44 GB FAT32 Tools EE El 14 65 G6 NTFS 1 33 99GB NTFS Details DE Acronis Disk Director Server main window Manual Mode Disk and partition information The main window shows the partition s disk number assigned letter label type status size free space size and file system Disk and partition information is also provided in the
86. ou need a partition larger than 2 GB 2 If you replace a small capacity hard disk with a high capacity hard disk If you need to convert a FAT16 partition to FAT32 1 Select the disk and FAT16 partition to convert to FAT32 from the list in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window 2 Select Disk gt Advanced gt Convert or a similar item in the Advanced sidebar list or click 2 Convert the file system on the selected partition on the toolbar or select it from partition or the graphical representation context menu 3 Enter partition type Logical Primary in the Convert Partition window Convert Partition Converting the File system of the selected partition File system Primary Logical Logical Partitio Convert partition window 4 By clicking OK you ll add a pending operation of FAT16 partition conversion to FAT32 partition your actions may only undo or modify an existing operation See 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations The new partition file system will be graphically represented in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window A Attention Converting a FAT16 partition to FAT32 might cause the installed operating system to stop understanding the file system and or the allocation table For more information about compatibility of file and operating systems see A 9 File System Main Specifications 5 2 3 Hiding a partition Acronis Disk Director Server allows you to hide a partition
87. p as needed Each parameter is provided with detailed instructions For a detailed description of the Recover Partitions Wizard see section Working with Acronis Recovery Expert 41 Creating A New Partition You might need a new hard disk partition to e Store several same type files for example an MP3 collection or video files on a partition e Store backups images of other partitions disks on a partition e Install a new operating system or swap file on a partition Create partition wizard lets you create a partition of any type Active Primary or Logical select a file system label assign a letter and other disk management functions 1 If you need to create a partition 1 Run the create partition wizard by selecting Wizards gt Create partition or a similar E Wizards list item on the sidebar or by clicking Create partition on the toolbar 2 The wizard will analyze computer disks and partitions If the wizard finds unallocated space you will see the Action Selection wizard page It will ask you to select how to create a new partition 1 using disk unallocated space 2 using existing partitions free space RS Unallocated space is the space not used by any existing partitions In contrast partition c free space is the space free from any data 20 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Automatic Partition Operations Create Partition Wizard Create Partition Method Select a partition creat
88. rations to be performed Therefore you can view the graphical representation of the new partition structure first and then decide whether to perform or cancel specific operations 14 Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Beginning The Work 3 4 3 Viewing delayed operations All pending operations are added to the pending operations list You can view it in the Pending Operations window by clicking Operations gt Show Pending Operations Acronis Disk Director Server is ready to proceed with physical data processing Here is the list of operations to be completed Operation 1 of 3 Changing volume label Hard disk 1 Drive letter F File system NTFS Volume label New volume label My Docs Size 2 926 GB Operation 2 of 3 Reboot required Resizing partition Hard disk 1 Drive letter H File system NTFS volume label Size 18 72 GB gt 4 719 GB Operation 3 of 3 Creating partition Hard disk Drive letter File system volume label Size Pending operations list This organization enables you to control all planned operations double check your intended work and undo operations fully or partially if needed 3 4 4 Performing pending operations To execute planned hard disk operations the user has to select one of the two following commands e Select Operations gt Commit in the main menu e Click sl Commit Pending Operations toolbar button To prevent you from performing any unintentional change on
89. rector Server with a password 1 Select Disk gt Set Password 2 Enter a password in the New Password and Confirm New Password fields in the Set Password window Set Password Changing the password Cancel 3 Click OK to enable password protection After you run the program you ll be prompted to enter a password in the Password Protected window Enter Password ec Please enter the password If you enter a wrong password you ll be asked to re enter it Clicking Cancel will close the program If you need to change the password 1 Select Disk gt Set Password 2 Enter the old password in the Old Password field and the new password in the New Password and Confirm New Password fields in the Set Password window 3 Click OK to enable password protection If you protect Acronis Disk Director Server with a password and forget it you will have to uninstall Acronis Disk Director Server see 2 4 Removing Software and install it again 18 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Beginning The Work 3 6 Viewing logs Acronis Disk Director Server allows users to view its working logs They provide information about partition operations including reasons for failure if any To invoke the log window select Show log on the toolbar or from the Tools menu The log browsing window contains two panes the left one features the log list while the right one shows selected log contents The left panel can conta
90. red The partitions which intersect Free Space 958 9 MB NTFS Label Capacity 996 2 MB the selected partition will be marked Invalid Status Flags Partition Deleted Search is completed Please press Next to proceed with undeleting A deleted partition selected for recovery This finishes partition recovery preparations To complete this operation select Commit in the Operations section of the Main menu If you exit Acronis Disk Director Server without confirming a partition recovery operation it will be canceled Irar PUTAT miir d j inn le ir li rif ryt fl Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 73 Working with Acronis Disk Editor Chapter 8 Working with Acronis Disk Editor 8 1 General information Acronis Disk Editor is a professional grade program that performs a variety of actions on a hard disk restore boot records and files and folder structure find lost clusters remove computer virus code from a disk and much more This program has much to offer a beginner as well It can be used as an educational tool It is one thing to read a few books about hard disk construction and data storage but it s quite another to observe it yourself with the Acronis Disk Editor 8 2 The selection of the partition or a disk for editing Disk or partition data editing operations are only available in the Manual mode of Acronis Disk Director Server To start editi
91. rive CD recorders and flash memory devices also you can store bootable data on a PXE server or in iso Files Name Type Details 133 Floppy 4 3 4 Inch Floppy Disk You need to provide 12 of 1 44 MB disks or 6 of 2 8 MB disks Selecting type of the bootable media 4 If you are creating a CD diskettes or any removable media insert the blank disk so the program can determine its capacity If you chose to create a bootable disk ISO image specify the ISO file name and the folder where to place it If you chose to save bootable data on PXE server specify the server and provide the user name and password to access it 5 Next the program will calculate how many blank disks are required in case you have not chosen ISO or PXE and give you time to prepare them When you are finished click Proceed 84 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Hard Disk And File Systems Appendix A Hard Disk And File Systems These appendices contain additional information about hard disk construction and data storage partitions file systems and interaction of operating systems with hard disks A 1 Hard Disk Organization All hard drives have basically the same structure Inside the case there are several disks with a magnetic coating set on a single axis spindle A special motor provides the necessary rotation speed to the spindle e g 5 400 rom 7 200 rpm or 10 000 rpm Information on disks resides on concentric tracks Each
92. ry and one table entry This simplifies the partition structure greatly all the logical partitions form one chain Partition table It is the table that contains the information about partitions and links to other partition tables A partition table cannot have more than four entries The main partition table is located in the hard disk MBR and the other partition tables are called extended Partition tables are usually stored in the first sector of a cylinder Physical disk A disk that is physically a separate device Thus floppy disks hard disks and CD ROMs are physical disks Primary partition The partition information about which is contained in the MBR partition table The majority of operating systems can be booted only from the primary partition of the first hard disk but the number of primary partitions Is limited Root folder The folder where the folder tree of a file system begins Starting from the root folder one can uniquely describe the file position on the folder tree by sequentially naming all the intermediate nested folders e g WINDOWS SYSTEM VMM32 VXD Here the WINDOWS folder is a subfolder of the root folder the SYSTEM folder is a subfolder of the WINDOWS folder and the VMM32 VXD file is located in the SYSTEM folder Sector It is the smallest information unit on a disk that is transferred in a single read or write operation Usually a sector is 512 bytes in size A sector on a disk can be addressed two ways via
93. s depending on cluster size are shown in Chapter 7 see A 9 2 FAT16 Table 3 However reducing FAT32 partition cluster size might increase the space occupied by the file allocation table FAT and slow down file access If you need to change cluster size 1 Select a disk and partition from the list in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window 2 Select Disk gt Advanced gt Change cluster size or a similar item in the Advanced sidebar list or click gt Change the cluster size of the selected partition on the toolbar or select it from partition or the graphical representation context menu 3 In the Cluster Size window you can 1 see the current cluster size of the selected partition 2 see average statistics of disk space losses for the selected partition and different cluster size Some cluster sizes might become unavailable for a partition because there will not be enough clusters to store the actual partition data 3 set new cluster size in the New cluster size field Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 61 Manual Partition Operations Cluster Size Changing the cluster size on FAT F T32 and NTFS partitions Reducing the cluster size may help you reclaim wasted space on your hard disk Cluster Size Usefull Space 56 Wasted Allowable Partition Size 512 bytes 91 42 63 MB 509 9 MB 4 052 GB 1 KB q 42 12 MB 509 9 MB 4 052 GB a 2 KE 99 41 07 ME 509 9 MB 4 052 GB 4 KB
94. s Recovery Expert E a Searching for Deleted Partitions Acronis Recovery Expert tries to find deleted partitions You will see the partitions found in the list below Please wait while Acronis Recovery Expert searches for deleted partitions on all the hard disk drives connected to your PC Partition Status Flags Label Capacity Free Space Type Se kK Deleted 1 976 GB 1 914 GB Ext3 Erm ee Deleted partitions search progress The information about hard disk partitions is stored in a special disk area the 1 sector of 0 cylinder 0 head called the partition table This sector is called a boot sector or the master boot record MBR Acronis Recovery Expert not only checks the partition table for deleted partitions but also scans the entire disk surface Therefore the recovery process might take some time to complete Please note Acronis Recovery Expert may find deleted partition s almost at once in a few seconds Partition s found are then added to the list in the Searching for Deleted Partitions window The search will however continue until the entire disk is scanned for partitions In the automatic recovery mode the search must be finished before you can proceed to the next recovery steps The Next button becomes enabled only after the progress bar is full in the Searching for Deleted Partitions window The manual mode however enables you to work at once see 7 2 Manual Recovery Partitions found d
95. s boot code location The OS might stop booting For example Windows NT 4 0 and earlier versions limit boot code location to the first 2016 MB 5 1 4 Resizing and or moving a partition You may find that there is not enough free space on a certain partition For example maybe it is almost filled with MP3 files Acronis Disk Director Server lets you enlarge a partition easily Reasons for moving a partition were discussed above see 5 1 3 Moving a partition to unallocated disk space 42 Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Manual Partition Operations If you need to resize and or move a partition 1 2 Select the hard disk and a partition to be resized uy Select Disk gt Resize or a similar item in the Operations sidebar list or click Resize move the selected partition on the toolbar Resize the partition in the Resize Partition window 1 Hold the mouse button and drag a corresponding partition rectangle side until you get the proper size in the Partition size field 2 Specify the partition size in the Partition size field Resize Partition Enter the new partition size and specify the location of the selected partition size and Position E 1 31 GB FAT16 Minimum size 7 844 ME Maximum size 1 96 GE Unallocated space before 415 7 MB Partition size 1 51 GB Unallocated space after 266 7 MB Free space on partition 1 31 GB Resize partition window Relocate a partition on a dis
96. s option is not defined an active partition is created on the first hard disk and logic partitions on other disks label partition label Sets the new partition label delete partition Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 65 Working in the command line mode Deletes a partition Supported options partition partition number Specifies the partition will be deleted The list of available partitions is provided by list command Partition numbers are specified as lt disk number gt lt partition number gt e g partition 1 1 1 2 3 1 resize_partition list 6 2 66 Resizes the existing partition Options partition partition number Specifies the partition number size partition size in sectors Sets the new partition size in sectors Lists the available partitions on the hard disks diskdirectorcmd exe usage examples Create a partition diskdirectoremo create partition start 12000 size 20000 harddisk 1 filesystem fat16 label new type logical This will create a logical FAT16 formatted partition labeled NEW on the first hard drive This partition will be took 20 000 physical sectors starting with sector number 12000 Delete a partition daiskdlrectoremd delete partition partietton 1 4 This will delete a fourth partition from the first hard drive Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Working with Acronis Recovery Expert Chapter 7 Working with Acronis R
97. se e Different partitions can have different operating systems for example Windows 2000 XP and Linux e Partitioning provides more effective disk space usage e Partitioning enables you to separate system files from user data making personal information storage safer e Partitioning provides more effective hard disk maintenance In particular more effective data integrity control file defragmentation and data backup A 3 Partition Types There are three main partition types e Primary e Extended e Logical Primary and logical partitions are the main partition types Physical hard disks can contain up to four primary partitions or up to three primary and infinite logical partitions Partition information is stored in a special disk area the lst sector of 0 cylinder O head called the partition table This sector is called the master boot record or MBR The number of primary partitions on a disk Is limited because the partition table contains four records itself Extended partitioning supports additional division into logical partitions The amount of logical partitions is unlimited Special programs perform partitioning usually they can 86 Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Hard Disk And File Systems e Create a primary partition with a single logical disk e Create an extended partition and divide it into logical partitions disks e Set the active partition a partition to boot an operating system from
98. sectors You can edit hard disk data directly in the fields of any view mode see the View menu You can manipulate data blocks using Edit menu in the view as hex mode gt Acronis Disk Editor disk 2 se Disk Edit view Search Help Mark Block Ctrl B Cyrillic Write to file Read From file E 0 btp pp 49 DOE 00 AE OO 4 51 00 52 00 53 00 5 Edit menu Any view mode allows you to select blocks with the help of the mouse by clicking and holding its left button or with the help of the keyboard advancing the window with Shift key pressed When viewing in hex mode simply changing data in the hexadecimal or character area in the main window or in any fields of other view modes will not change the given disk sector To execute the changes you must save them first After making changes you will 70 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Working with Acronis Disk Editor see that the Save sector item in Edit menu will become enabled as well as the appropriate toolbar button If you do not save your changes you effectively reject them Acronis Disk Editor disk 2 Disk Edit View Search Help WY Undo Ctrl Z Undo All Mark Block Ctrl B Cyrillic 1020 1040 EH Save sector Ctrl 5 EW Write to file 1070 A Read from file 1930 JOAO 51 00 52 00 53 00 Save sector operation If you have made changes in a hard disk sector and decide to exit the editor w
99. ssary here as with partition copying see 5 1 2 Copying a partition to unallocated disk space Nevertheless Acronis Disk Director Server gives you this added flexibility Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Al Manual Partition Operations Move Partition Please specify the size and the location For the selected partition Move as Logical Partibic Size and Position Minimum size 62 75 MB Maximum size 33 38 Gb Unallocated space before 0 bytes Partition size 4 88 GB Unallocated space after 34 GB E Entering moved partition parameters The size and location of a partition copy can be provided with a mouse click or by entering data into the Unallocated space before Partition size and Unallocated space after fields 6 By clicking OK in the Move partition window you ll add a pending operation to partition moving your actions may only undo or modify already existing operation see 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations The new partition structure will be graphically represented in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window A Moving a partition to unallocated disk space in Windows 98 Me can change the order of letters assigned to other partitions As a result some shortcuts might stop working A detailed discussion of partition letter assignment rules for various operating systems appears in 4 1 Creating A New Partition A Take special care when moving an operating system partition and it
100. stem to a partition If the partition is for data storage select Logical 6 Select Active if you want to install an operating system on this partition to boot at Startup Note that if you enter a size of more than 2 GB you will not be able to use the FAT 16 file system on this partition It will be disabled in the File System wizard page Create Partition Wizard Partition Type Choose the created partition type Please select the created partition type Active Primary Logical Description Creating a logical partition is recommended if you are not going to install an operating system on this partition This partition type is recommended For data Files Partition type selection window A hard disk can contain up to four primary partitions If they already exist Active and Primary options will be disabled and you will be able to select only the Logical partition type 7 On the next File System wizard page select a file system The wizard will offer you one of the Windows file systems FAT16 FAT32 or NTFS or Linux file systems EXT2 EXT3 ReiserFS Swap or to leave the partition Unformatted More details about the properties of main file systems the operating systems and disks are provided in the A 9 File System Main Specifications appendix 22 Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Automatic Partition Operations Create Partition Wizard File System Please select the part
101. t add a pending operation to the list again or redo a change of a pending operation parameter You can undo user actions one at a time or all at once by selecting Operations gt Undo All Similarly you can redo user actions along with the corresponding graphical representation of partition reconfiguration one by one or all at once by selecting Operations gt Redo All 16 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Beginning The Work 3 4 7 Wizard operations Pending partition operations created by Acronis Disk Director Server wizards differ in that a user must provide a list of operation parameters to perform them Each parameter is entered on a separate wizard page Entering operation parameters you change wizard pages using Back and Next buttons until you reach the Preview page with the Finish button On the Preview wizard page you can click Back to return and change any operation parameter After clicking Finish on the last wizard page e The new partition structure is graphically represented in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window e The wizard creates a list of pending operations you can see it by selecting Operations gt Show Pending Operations Acronis Disk Director Server is ready to proceed with physical data an processing Here is the list of operations to be completed Operation 1 of 3 Changing volume label Hard disk 1 Drive letter Fi File system NTFS Volume label New volume label M
102. t clusters files are stored Maximum size of a FAT16 file system is 4 Gigabytes and the maximum number of clusters is 65 525 the largest cluster being 128 sectors Usually the smallest possible cluster size is selected so that the resulting number of clusters is less than 65 526 The larger the partition size the larger the cluster has to be Most operating systems incorrectly perform with 128 sector clusters thus reducing the maximum FAT16 partition size to 2 Gigabytes Usually the larger the cluster size the more disk space is wasted Table 3 The following table gives the approximate dependence of these losses versus the cluster size Partition Size Cluster Size Waste lt 127 MB 2 KB 2 128 255 MB 4 KB 4 256 511 MB 8 KB 10 512 1023 MB 16 KB 25 1024 2047 MB 32 KB 40 2048 4096 MB 64 KB 50 Like many others the FAT16 file system has a root folder Unlike others however its root folder is stored in a special place and is limited in size standard formatting produces a 512 item root folder Initially FAT16 had limitations to file names that could only be eight characters long plus a dot plus three characters of name extension However long name support in Windows 95 and Windows NT bypasses this limitation Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 91 Hard Disk And File Systems A 9 3 FAT32 The FAT32 file system appeared in Windows 95 OSR2 and is also supported by Windows 98 Me and Windows 2000 XP FAT32 grew out of F
103. t journaling file system It is forward and backward compatible with Linux ext2 It has multiple journaling modes and broad cross platform compatibility in both 32 and 64 bit architectures A 9 6 Linux ReiserFS ReiserFS was officially introduced to Linux in 2001 ReiserFS overcomes many Ext2 disadvantages It is a 64 bit journaling file system that dynamically allocates space for data substructures 92 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Glossary Appendix B Glossary Absolute sector All the sectors of a hard disk can be numbered sequentially starting with zero Such numbered sectors are called absolute Active partition One of the primary partitions of a hard disk is usually active Default MBR code tries to boot an operating system from the active partition of the first hard disk Letter assignment in Microsoft operating systems depends on which partitions are active Bad cluster A cluster that contains bad sectors Such a cluster cannot store information with possible corruption of the data Bad sector A sector that cannot store the information written for instance due to defects or aging of the magnetic surface Booting is a procedure that is executed every time a computer is turned on or an operating system finishes its work or when the reset button is pressed Booting consists of the following stages e Hardware diagnostics e Memory check e Built in BIOS initialization e Initialization of additional hardware c
104. ta_Sample G 4 88GB 4 798 GB NTFS Q Change Label NTFS H 4 88GB 788 1 MB NTFS PA Format e None 1 7 974 GB FS None Partition 0x6 FAT16 x Delete z Split YE Merge Y Check amp Defragment Explore Q Properties C E iG i 14 65 GB NTFS 33 99 GB NTFS i T i ies e boo re TT Primary B Logical F Unallocated Selecting a partition to copy 2 Select Disk gt Copy or a similar item in the Operations sidebar list or click 7 Copy the selected partition to another free space on the toolbar 3 Acronis Disk Director Server will automatically compare the size of a copied partition and disk free space as shown in the Copy Partition window Copy Partition Please specify the size and the location For the copy of selected partition Select the unallocated space to copy the selected partition Unallocated 36 06 GB Free space available for copying Note that the unallocated space is smaller than copied partition size but its data area Is smaller than unallocated space Therefore copying is possible ii If there is not enough free space to copy a partition on a hard disk no unallocated space will be available for selection Iii 1 f j a wu 38 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Manual Partition Operations 4 Select the unallocated disk space to copy a selected partition to it 5 In the next wizard page enter partition copy type Logical Primar
105. ted partition will be marked Invalid Partition Status Flags Label Capacity Free Space Type Se kK Deleted 1 976 GB 1 914 GB Ext3 Casa e A deleted hard disk partition found by Acronis Recovery Expert Unlike in the automatic recovery mode you do not have to wait until the search for deleted hard disk partitions is finished in the manual mode As a found partition or multiple partitions are added to the list you can select them for immediate recovery Selecting a partition enables the next button Clicking it you ll stop the search and proceed to recovery 72 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Working with Acronis Recovery Expert The manual recovery mode allows you to select all found partitions for recovery For example if one of your partitions was deleted intentionally and another by mistake the manual mode enables you to select and recover only the partition you deleted by mistake Hi iii Partitions are selected for recovery by clicking them Click the partition rectangle to select the deleted partition and continue recovery Acronis Recovery Expert Searching for Deleted Partitions Please select the partitions you want to recover from the list below The selected partitions will be marked Undeleted Acronis Recovery Expert tries to find deleted partitions You will see the partitions found in the list below Note that in case you have intersected partitions only one of them can be recove
106. thers only numbers Create delete and move partition operations as well as hiding unhiding a partition and direct letter change may result in problems running applications opening files as some shortcuts become unusable or booting an operating system Therefore when performing partition operations you must be careful and remember that each operating system works differently with partition letters Each OS has its own partition letter assignment rules Windows 98 Me Windows 98 Me assign partition letters automatically in fixed order according to these rules e Partition letters start from C and continue until Z The C partition is considered system i e used for OS startup RS Note that these OS cannot recognize all partitions but only 1 FAT12 4 and 6 FAT16 11 FAT32 12 FAT32 LBA and 13 FAT16 LBA types File system type is determined not by partition type but by its contents Partitions of other types are passed no letters are assigned to them e The first primary active partition found on the first hard disk is assigned C If there s no such partition C is assigned to the first suitable primary partition e Similarly and consecutively one of the primary partitions from other hard disks is considered They are assigned D E etc If there is no suitable partition found on the first disk then C D etc are assigned e Next all suitable logical partitions are considered in the sequence
107. tiguous space Please press OK to start defragmenting now Cancel Run partition defragmentation window 4 Defragmentation results are shown in the Defragment Partition window Defragment Partition Windows Disk Defragmenter Copyright fc 2001 Microsoft Corp and Executive Software International Inc Analysis Report 4 05 GB Total 3 54 GB 87 Free 13 Fragmented 26 File Fragmentation Defragmentation Report 4 05 GB Total 3 54 GB 87 Free 0 Fragmented 0 File Fragmentation Partition defragmentation results window 5 1 13 Wiping unallocated hard disk space PC hard disks can contain a substantial amount of confidential information Often users forget that private information must be completely destroyed to avoid unauthorized access to it simply deleting an old file is not sufficient Windows tools do not guarantee data destruction Deleted files can be restored easily Formatting and even deleting a partition leaves hard disk sector contents the same Acronis Disk Director Server offers a simple but reliable algorithm for wiping hard disk unallocated space If you need to wipe unallocated disk space 1 Select a hard disk and unallocated space in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window Wipe unallocated space becomes available on the toolbar Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 53 Manual Partition Operations 2 Select Disk gt Wipe or a similar item in the Operations sidebar list or clic
108. tions might affect PC operation or booting 9 On the next page you can enter an optional partition label that will enable you to distinguish one created partition from another In Windows a partition label is shown in the Explorer disk and folder tree for example WIN98 C WINXP D DATA E etc WIN98 WINXP and DATA are partition labels See also Appendix B Glossary Label 10 The last wizard page graphically shows you the new disk partition structure including those just created Create Partition Wizard Hard Disk Drive Structure Review your hard disk drive structure Please review the hard disk drive structure The newly created partition is checked off Press Finish to create the new partition Please note that pressing Finish does not actually perform the operation To perform the operation you should commit it Primary E Logical Unallocated Created partition in the disk partition structure Clicking Finish on this page will make Acronis Disk Director Server create a pending operation for new partition creation your actions may only modify an existing operation See 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations The new partition structure will be graphically represented in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window More details about the Finish command results are provided in 3 4 7 Wizard operations 3 If you want to create a new partition using other partition free space 1 On the
109. tor absolute sector 16 471 923 20 964 824 16771924 Cylinder 1 044 1 304 1044 Head 0 254 Sector 1 63 Go to sector The transition is performed by entering absolute sector offset or cylinder head and sector numbers The listed parameters are bound by this expression CYL x HDS HD x SPT SEC 1 Where CYL HD and SEC are numbers of cylinder head and sector in the CHS coordinates Cylinder Head Sector HDS is the number of heads per disk and SPT is the number of heads per track You can return to a sector from another one by selecting the Back item in the Search menu or by pressing ctrl Backspace key combination 80 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Working with Acronis Disk Editor 8 8 Working with Different Encodings The main window of the program features a list of encodings available in Acronis Disk Editor This list is shown closed and dropped down below Western Windows wt Turkish windows put Unicode UTF 7 Unicode LITF 5 l Unicode UTF 16 l LIS DOS Western DOS Western 1S Western Windows 5 LJ rt The closed and dropped down list of encodings The list of encodings is intended for correct interpretation of hard disk sector contents Selecting the necessary encoding you will be able to view sector contents correctly This is interpreted in the right part of the program s main window in the hex mode Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 20
110. tree Now you can explore or manage the partition contents You can copy paste rename and delete files and folders and create folders on the selected partition To do so right click on the file folder or use icons above the folder tree Explore Sele view the contents of the selected partition 39 h Artist s discogr txt ri My Computer File Se Local Disk Hi A BOOTWIZ Mo document properties are SEQ Musici available For this File HI Anti HI Anta SE Burl Ives J Artist A Edit J sua E Rename mM Le Copy Ctrl Z Exploring partition contents You are also enabled to view or edit text files up to 64 kb in size To do so right click on the file and select Edit To illustrate why it may be necessary imagine that your operating system failed to boot You can run Acronis Disk Director Server from Acronis OS Selector main window if the program is not installed start it from bootable disk and change some critical files contents Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 47 Manual Partition Operations The Explore operation shows the real partition contents read from the disk If there are some operations pending like splitting a partition you will not be able to explore partitions until the operations are committed or canceled However operations on folders files in Explore window are executed immediately 4 When you re finished exploring click OK 5 1 8 Changing partition labels The partition label is a
111. uilder a tool for Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 7 Installation And Use creating bootable media see Chapter 9 Bootable Media Builder You might not need this tool if you purchased a boxed product that contains a bootable CD rs If you have another Acronis product with its own Bootable Media Builder such as Acronis c True Image installed on your computer the installation program will automatically detect it and will not install another Bootable Media Builder regardless of your setting You can create bootable media for all Acronis products using either product 4 After installation reboot your PC 2 4 Upgrading Acronis Disk Director Server If you already have Acronis Disk Director Server installed on your PC the installation program will automatically find it and prompt you on its replacement with the new version SS Software upgrades with certain bug fixes may be downloaded free from the Acronis Web site http www acronis com support updates 2 5 Removing Software To remove Acronis Disk Director Server select Start gt Settings gt Control Panel gt Add or Remove Programs gt Acronis Disk Director Server gt Remove You will see a dialog to confirm removal Click Yes to confirm and Acronis Disk Director Server will be completely removed 2 6 User Interface When Acronis Disk Director Server software is installed it has a graphical user interface that is controlled by the mouse or by Tab Shi
112. uring the search are shown in the list with their main parameters e number e status e label e Capacity e partition free space e file system Please note Found partitions are automatically added to the list during the search Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 69 Working with Acronis Recovery Expert Acronis Recovery Expert Searching for Deleted Partitions Acronis Recovery Expert tries to find deleted partitions You will see the partitions found in the list below Please wait while Acronis Recovery Expert searches for deleted partitions on all the hard disk drives connected to your PC Partition Status Flags Label Capacity Free Space Search is completed Please press Next to proceed with undeleting A deleted partition found Note that you do not have to select partitions for recovery in the automatic mode Acronis Recovery Expert will recover all partitions found j Mi Eiei J 1 i The Recovered Partitions window shows a partition to recover as a part of hard disk partition structure marking it with an icon in the upper right corner of its rectangle Jo Acronis Recovery Expert Recovered Partitions You can see the structure of your hard disk drive s after recovering in the hard disk layout below The recovered partitions are checked off S 1 C 38 20 68 32 26 GB NTFS Se Program H Datal 3 Data2 1 si 6 013 GB NTFS 1 999GB F 112 727 GB
113. used This can be done in the Select Partitions window Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 33 Automatic Partition Operations Copy Partition Wizard Select Partitions Select your partitions to take the free space From Please select partitions From the list of available partitions to take the Free space From then press Next Partition Flags Capacity Free Space Type Disk 2 system G Priact 7 813 MB F S Program H 6 013 GB 5 981 GB d Se Datal 1 1 999 GB 0 06 GE PAT1 Se Data2 3 4 7035 GB 4677 GE NTFS The page to select a partition which will be partly used for a copy location If you do not select a partition to be partly used as the copy location on the Select Partitions wizard page and there is not enough unallocated disk space you will see an error message Copy Partition Wizard Select Partitions Select your partitions to take the Free space From Please select partitions From the list of available partitions to take the free space From then press Next Error Acronis Disk Director Server was not able to create the partition because there is no enough Free space on the selected hard disk drive eNTFS H 18 72 GB 14 38 GB NTFS Error message showing not enough disk space for a partition copy In that case the wizard will prompt you to select a partition from which to take some space If there is not enough space the partition will not be copied 2 On the next Partition Size wiz
114. vious step partition to which the contents of the selected partition will be stored after merging X E 5 New Folder 4 My Computer File Folder y Data Sample Gi BOOTWIZ Free Space 4 798 GB 5 Layout Total Size 4 88 GB n 0 Presents Hi RECYCLER fam System Yolume Information Selecting the target folder 5 By clicking Proceed you ll add a pending operation your actions may only undo or modify already existing operation see 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations The new partition structure will be graphically represented in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window 46 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 9 1 7 Manual Partition Operations Merging an NTFS partition to a partition with file system not supporting security options for example FAT32 partition will result in loss of security settings partition ownership data and access permissions With the opposite action merging a non secured partition to the secured one the target partition security settings will be assigned to the resulting partition Exploring partitions You can explore and manage partition contents before configuring operations on that partition directly from the Acronis Disk Director Server If you need to explore a partition 1 2 Select a partition to be explored Select Disk gt Explore or a similar item in the Operations sidebar list or click Explore on the toolbar The program displays a folder
115. y size and location While copying a partition you might have to change its type For example you have to copy a primary partition but there are already four primary partitions on the disk You will be able to copy it only as a logical partition If you need to restore the primary partition from a copy you will be able to change its type again Copy Partition Please specify the size and the location For the copy of selected partition Copy as Logical Partitio Size and Position Minimum size 62 75 MB Maximum size 33 38 Gb Unallocated space before 0 bytes Partition size 4 88 GB Unallocated space after 34 GB E Entering partition copy parameters The size and location of a partition copy can be provided with a mouse or by entering data into the Unallocated space before Partition size and Unallocated space after fields 6 By clicking OK in the Copy Partition wizard you ll add the pending operation of partition copying and location your actions may only undo or modify already existing operation see 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations The new partition structure will be graphically represented in the Acronis Disk Director Server main window Copying a partition in Windows 98 Me and assigning it a letter can change the order of letters assigned to other partitions As a result some shortcuts might stop working A detailed discussion of partition letter assignment rules for various operat
116. y Docs Size 2 926 GB Operation 2 of 3 Reboot required Resizing partition Hard disk 1 Drive letter H File system NTFS volume label Size 18 72 GB gt 4 719 GB Operation 3 of 3 Creating partition Hard disk Drive letter File system volume label Size Remember that no actions are performed on your disks when the wizard finishes working If you are sure that the new structure is suitable select Operations gt Commit or click Commit Pending operations Wizard created pending operations will then be performed at this time Before you select Operations gt Commit or click Commit Pending operations you can undo your actions calling a wizard and wizard created pending operations in the usual way selecting Operations gt Undo or pressing ctr1 z or clicking gt Undo Last Action Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 17 Beginning The Work Acronis Disk Director Server shows the wizard and its results as a user action by creating the list of operations Any pending actions can be fully undone by any of the mentioned methods i e pressing Undo Last Action will undo a user action and all operations planned by the wizard 3 5 Protecting Acronis Disk Director Server With A Password You should always be aware of possible unauthorized access to your data To protect your hard disk partition applications and data Acronis Disk Director Server provides password protection If you need to protect Acronis Disk Di
117. you want to use to create a new partition This means that if these partitions have free space their size can be reduced As a result the freed space will be automatically considered as unallocated not used by any partitions A new partition can be created in this space 26 Copyright Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Automatic Partition Operations Create Partition Wizard Select Partitions Select your partitions to take the Free space From Please select partitions From the list of available partitions to take the Free space From then press Next Partition Flags Capacity Free Space Type Disk 2 Seratie Hs 1 999 GB 1 999 GB FATIS The window of existing partition selection to create a new partition By creating a partition using the free space of other partitions Acronis Disk Director Server can collect it in such a way that the final partition size is not smaller than 110 of data occupied space When creating a partition with the switch set to Free space of the existing partitions you provide a small partition size If it is possible to create it using unallocated disk space the partition will be created this way the existing partitions will not be resized If a partition cannot be created using unallocated space only then the deficit will be taken from existing partitions If you do not select a partition to take space from on the Select Partitions wizard page and there is no unallocated disk space you will see an
118. your disk the program will first display the list of all pending operations Clicking Proceed will launch their execution You will not be able to undo any actions or operations after you Proceed the operation 3 4 5 Modifying pending operations All of your actions result in the creation of pending operations For example you can create a new partition by providing its type file system size location and label You can easily view the pending operation for the partition you are working on see 3 4 3 Viewing delayed operations Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 15 Beginning The Work You can always change any operation parameter including type file system size location etc before performing the operation Using Change type Convert Move Resize and similar operations you will also see that your actions do not result in creating new pending operations These actions will only change the existing pending operation parameters If you decide to change the label of a different existing partition Acronis Disk Director Server will immediately create a new pending operation Thus the same actions sometimes result in the creation of a new pending operation or modification of existing Operations 3 4 6 Undoing user actions Calling wizards or dialog boxes for planning disk partition operations are user actions User entries are necessary operation parameters on the wizard or dialog box pages One user action in Acronis Disk D
119. yourself using this manual and the readme txt file e mail the technical support team You will need to provide the serial number of your Acronis Disk Director Server copy bundled with the program Before you do this you will have to register your copy at http www acronis com enterprise my products registration Support URL http www acronis com su 6 Copyright O Acronis Inc 2000 2010 Installation And Use Chapter 2 I nstallation And Use 2 1 System Requirements To take full advantage of Acronis Disk Director Server you should have e A PC compatible computer with a Pentium or similar CPU e 128 MB RAM e A floppy or a CD RW DVD RW drive e A mouse recommended 2 2 Supported operating systems e Windows NT Server e Windows 2000 Server e Windows 2000 Advanced Server e Windows 2003 Server e Windows 2003 Server x64 Edition 2 3 Installation Process 2 3 1 Acronis Disk Director Server installation To install Acronis Disk Director Server 1 Run the installation program e Ie Install Acronis Disk Director Server Acronis Disk Director Server User s a Guide Acronis Disk Director Server www acronis com Technical Support da stall Acro nis Dis s Directo r to manage partitions on hard disks in this computer 2 Follow the setup program instructions 3 You will be prompted to choose Typical Custom or Complete installation If you pick Custom you can choose not to install the Bootable Media B

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