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1. The CE mark shall consist of the initials CE taking the following form e If the CE marking is reduced or enlarged the proportions given in the above graduated drawing must be respected e The CE marking must have a height of at least 5mm except where this is not possible on account of the nature of the apparatus e The CE marking must be affixed visibly legibly and indelibly Furthermore since the usage of the 2400 2483 5 MHz band is not harmonized throughout Europe the Restriction sign must be placed to the right of the CE marking as shown below See the R amp TTE Directive Article 12 and Annex VII for more information Figure A 4 CE Label Required on OEM Equipment Restrictions France France imposes restrictions on the 2 4 GHz band Go to www art telecom Fr or contact MaxStream for more information Norway Norway prohibits operation near Ny Alesund in Svalbard More information can be found at the Norway Posts and Telecommunications site www npt no 24xXStream Declarations of Conformity MaxStream has issued Declarations of Conformity for the 24XStream modems concerning emissions EMC and safety Files are located in the documentation folder of the MaxStream CD Important Note MaxStream does not list the entire set of standards that must be met for each country MaxStream customers assu
2. D Refer to table in the Automatic Even DIP Switch Configurations p19 section for more information about On up configurations triggered by the DIP Switch Off down 9 bit v4 30 only XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 2 Interfacing Protocol The XStream PKG R RF Modem supports the following interfacing protocols e RS 232 e RS 485 2 wire Half Duplex e RS 485 4 wire and RS 422 2 1 RS 232 Operation 2 1 1 DIP Switch Settings and Pin Signals Figure 2 1 Figure 2 2 RS 232 DIP Switch Settings Pins used on the female RS 232 DB 9 Serial Connector DIP Switch settings are read and applied only while powering on RI Fin8 Pin DSR CTS RTS Table 2 1 RS 232 Signals and their implementations on the XStream RF Modem Low asserted signals are distinguished by horizontal line over pin name _ Data Carrier Detect Carrier Detect Connected to DSR pin6 See SS ee Received Data Serial data exiting the RF Modem to host ee Transmitted Data Serial data entering into the RF modem from host a Data Terminal R eady Can enable POWER DOWN on the RF Modem DSR 03 Data S et Ready Connected to DCD pin1 RTS Provides RTS flow control or Te aCe enables Command Mode on the RF Modem Clearso Send to Send Provides Provides CTS flow contol flow control eae power input that is connected internally to re Cl ee oe Ring naicatgi the
3. iii XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 1 XStream RS 232 485 RF Modem The XStream PKG R RF Modem provides long range data communications and advanced networking for OEMs and system integrators Out of box the modem is equipped to sustain long range wireless links between devices Simply enter serial data into one modem and the data surfaces on the other end of the wireless link The modem transfers a standard asynchronous serial data stream between two or more modems Its built in RS 232 485 422 interfacing facilitates rapid integration into existing data systems 1 1 Features Long Range Easy to Use 9XStream PKG R 900 MHz Range Out of Box RF Communications e Indoor Urban up to 1500 450 m no configuration required e Outdoor line of sight up to 7 miles 11 km External DIP Switch for configuring w 2 1 dBm dipole antenna e RS 232 485 422 support e Outdoor line of sight up to 20 miles 32 km multidrop included w high gain antenna e 2 wire half duplex or 4 wire 24xXStream PKG R 2 4 GHz Range RS 485 422 operation e Indoor Urban up to 600 180 m e Parity options e Outdoor line of sight up to 3 miles 5 km 7 18 VDC power supply w 2 1 dBm dipole antenna e Outdoor line of sight up to 10 miles 16 km Simple AT and Binary commands for w high gain antenna programming the modem Receiver Sensitivity 110 dBm 900 MHz Software selectable serial
4. 2 2 1 DIP Switch Settings and Pin Signals 9 2 3 RS 485 4 wire amp RS 422 Operation 10 2 3 1 DIP Switch Settings and Pin Signals 10 3 RF Modem Operation 12 3 1 Serial Communications 12 3 1 1 RS 232 and RS 485 422 Data Flow 12 3 1 2 Host and RF Modem I O Settings 12 3 1 3 Flow Control 13 3 2 Modes of Operation 14 3 2 1 Idle Mode 14 3 2 2 Transmit Mode 14 3 2 3 Receive Mode 16 3 2 4 Sleep Modes 16 3 2 5 Command Mode 19 4 RF Modem Configuration 21 4 1 Automatic DIP Switch Configurations 21 4 2 Programming Examples 22 4 2 1 AT Commands 22 4 2 2 Binary Commands 23 4 3 Command Reference Table 24 4 4 Command Descriptions 25 5 RF Communication Modes 40 5 1 Addressing 41 5 1 1 Address Recognition 41 5 2 Basic Communications 42 5 2 1 Streaming Mode Default 42 5 2 2 Repeater Mode 43 5 3 Acknowledged Communications 46 5 3 1 Acknowledged Mode 46 5 3 2 Multi Streaming Mode 48 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary FCC Certification 52 OEM Labeling Requirements 53 Antenna Usage 53 FCC Approved Antennas 54 European Compliance 2 4 GHz only 55 Restrictions 55 Europe 2 4 GHz Approved Antenna List 56 IC Industry Canada Certification 56 Appendix B Development Guide 57 RS 232 Accessories Kit Contents 57 Adapters 58 Antennas 59 Appendix C Additional Information 60 1 Year Warranty 60 Ordering Information 60 Contact MaxStream 61 Appendix A Agency Certifications 52
5. ANOO04b Located on the MaxStream CD and on the web www maxstream net 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 4 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 5 2 Basic Communications Basic Communications are accomplished through two sub types e Broadcast By default XStream Modems communicate through Broadcast communications and within a peer to peer network topology When any modem transmits all other modems within range will receive the data and pass it directly to their host device e Addressed If addressing parameters match received RF data is forwarded to the DO Data Out buffer otherwise the RF data is discarded When using Basic Communications any functions such as acknowledgements are handled at the application layer by the OEM integrator The Broadcast Modes provide transparent communications meaning that the RF link simply replaces a wired link 5 2 1 Streaming Mode Default Characteristics Highest data throughput Lowest latency and jitter Reduced immunity to interference Transmissions never acknowledged ACK by receiving modem s Required Parameter Values TX Modem RR Retries 0 Related Commands Networking DT MK MY Serial Interfacing PK RB RO TT Recommended Use Mode is most appropriate for data systems more sensitive to latency and or jitter than to occasional packet loss For example streaming audio or video Streaming Mode Data
6. After a serial byte is received and if no other byte is received before the RO timeout the transmission Default Parameter Value 0 will start Binary Command 0x21 33 decimal Parameter Range O OxFFFF x 200 us Number of bytes returned 2 Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 2AA RP RSSI PWM Timer Command lt Diagnostics gt RP Command is used to enable a AT Command ATRP PWM Pulse Width Modulation output on the Config pin which is calibrated to show the level the received RF signal is above the sensitivity level of the modem The PWM pulses vary from zero to 95 percent Zero percent means the Default Parameter Value O disabled received RF signal is at or below the published sensitivity level of the modem The following table shows levels above sensitivity and PWM values Binary Command 0x22 34 decimal Parameter Range 0 Ox7F x 100 milliseconds Number of bytes returned 1 Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 2AA The total period of the PWM output is 8 32 ms There are 40 steps in the PWM output and therefore the minimum step size is 0 208 ms Table 4 3 PWM Chart dBm above Sensitivity PWM percentage high period total period A non zero value defines the time that the PWM output will be active with the RSSI value of the last received RF packet After the set time when no RF packets are received the PWM output will be set low 0 percent PWM until another RF packet is received The PWM out
7. DTE Two RF Modems DCE Target Device DCE NULL Modem Adapter female to female Part Number JD3D3 CDN A Gray DB 9 F F The female to female NULL modem adapter is used to verify serial cabling is functioning properly To test cables insert the female to female NULL modem adapter in place of a pair of modem assemblies XIB R R interface board XStream Modem and test the connection without radio modems in the connection Figure B 4 Female NULL modem adapter and pinouts Pi Pinouts P2 P2 pin 1 6 pin 1 6 For use in RS 485 422 systems pin 4 pin 4 DB 9 to RJ 45 adapters are pin 2 pin 2 illustrated in the RS 485 422 B mn i Connection Guidelines section i N an a a Si si pin 8 amp 8 pin 8 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 58 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 Antennas Refer to Appendix A for a list of FCC Approved Antennas Factors that determine wireless link range e Ambient RF noise interference e Line of sight obstructions e Transmit power e Receive sensitivity e Antenna configuration e XStream Antenna Connector Options To comply with the FCC rules and obtain a modular certification it is required that XStream Modems utilize a non standard connector This is to ensure the modems are used only with approved antennas RPSMA The Reverse Polarity SMA RPSMA connector uses the same body as a regular SMA connector In
8. E0 Command turns AT Command ATEO off character echo in AT Command Mode By Binary Command 0x0A 10 decimal default echo is off E1 Echo On Command lt Command Mode Options gt E1 Command turns AT Command ATE on the echo in AT Command Mode Each typed character will be echoed back to the terminal when ATE1 is active EO is the default Binary Command 0xOB 11 decimal ER Receive Error Count Command lt Diagnostics gt Set Read the receive error The AT Command ATER error count records the number of packets partially received then aborted on a reception error This value returns to 0 after a reset and is Parameter Range 0 OxFFFF not non volatile Value does not persist in the Default Parameter Value O modem s memory after a power up sequence Once the Receive Error Count reaches its maximum value up to OxFFEFF it remains at its _Related Commands GD Receive Good Count maximum count value until the maximum count value is explicitly changed or the modem is reset Binary Command OxOF 15 decimal Number of bytes returned 2 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 29 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 FH Force Wake up I nitializer Command lt Sleep Low Power gt FH Command is used to force a Wake up Initializer to be sent on the next transmit WR Write Command does not need to be issued with FH Command AT Command ATFH
9. O MY OXFFFF Recommended Use Use this mode in point to multipoint networks where remote modems initiate communications and require exclusive uninterrupted connections to the base modem Table 5 5 Sample Network Profile Modem Parameter Settings assume default values for parameters not listed ATMD 1 configure modem as Multi Stream Base ATMD 2 configure modem as Multi Stream Remote When Multi Streaming is enabled the following parameters are consequently modified if they have not already been modified from their default states RR RN MY CD AT and BT refer to Table 5 6 Theory of Operation When in Multi Streaming Mode all remote modems can initiate communications with the base modem at the same time but only one remote is granted an exclusive connection After an exclusive connection begins data is transferred exclusively between two modems without interruption from any other modems in the network An exclusive connection is a bi directional connection that can only be established when in Multi Streaming Mode An exclusive connection is immune to other remote modems interrupting the connection and interleaving data The interleaved data potentially renders the base modem unable to discern from which remote modem the data was transmitted When an exclusive connection is granted to a single remote the other remotes are notified that the connection exists The notification causes the remote modems to pos
10. Select the Restore button to restore factory default parameter values Select the Write button to save default values to non volatile long term memory 4 2 2 Binary Commands Example Send Binary Commands Example Use binary commands to change the XStream Modem s destination address to 0x1A0D and save the new address to non volatile memory 1 RT Command must be set to 1 in AT Command Mode to enable binary programming 2 Assert CMD Pin is driven high Enter Binary Command Mode 3 Send Bytes Parameter bytes must be 2 bytes long 00 Send DT Destination Address Command OD Least significant byte of parameter bytes 1A Most significant byte of parameter bytes 08 Send WR Write Command 4 De assert CMD Pin is driven low Exit Binary Command Mode Note CTS is high when command is being executed Hardware flow control must be disabled as CTS will hold off parameter bytes 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 23 X Stream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 4 3 Command Reference Table Table 4 1 AM v4 30 0x3A 58d 0x05 5d BD v4 2B Ox15 21d 0x2E 46d 0x30 48d 0x04 4d 0x33 51d 0x13 19d 0x28 40d 0x34 52d 0x35 53d 0x39 57d 0x38 56d 0x09 9d Ox2F 47d Ox1F 31d 0x06 6d 0x37 55d 0x2D 45d 0x0
11. Table A 1 or Table A 2 FCC Notices IMPORTANT The 9XStream 900 MHz and 24XStream 2 4 GHz OEM Modems have been certified by the FCC for use with other products without any further certification as per FCC section 2 1091 Changes or modifications not expressly approved by MaxStream could void the user s authority to operate the equipment IMPORTANT OEMs must test their final product to comply with unintentional radiators FCC section 15 107 and 15 109 before declaring compliance of their final product to Part 15 of the FCC Rules IMPORTANT The XStream RF Modems have been certified for remote and base radio applications If the XStream will be used for portable applications the device must undergo SAR testing This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the inter
12. base and remote modems will be in their default state When a connection is established the base and remote output line will be set to reflect the corresponding input lines Monitoring Connections The DO3 pin RX LED can be used to show when a connection is active on both remote and base modems This is the default condition This line will be asserted high during a connection and de asserted low when there is no connection A base modem can also be set to send the CONNECT XXXX string where XXXX is the connecting modem s MY Source Address parameter anytime a connection is established Refer to CM Connection Message Command 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary Fl XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 Appendix A Agency Certifications FCC Certification The XStream RF Modem complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules and regulations Compliance with the labeling requirements FCC notices and antenna usage guidelines is required To fulfill the FCC Certification requirements the OEM must comply with the following FCC regulations The system integrator must ensure that the text on the external label provided with this device is placed on the outside of the final product Refer to Figure A 1 for 900 MHz operations Refer to Figure A 2 for 2 4 GHz operations The XStream RF Modem may be used only with Approved Antennas that have been tested with this modem
13. low the modem will Wake up into AT Command Mode This behavior allows modem DTR emulation PK RF Packet Size Command lt Serial Interfacing gt Set Read the maximum size of the RF packets sent out a transmitting modem The maximum packet size can be used along with the RB and RO parameters to implicitly set the channel dwell time Changes to this parameter may have a secondary effect on the RB Packet Control Characters parameter RB must always be less than or equal to PK If PK is changed to a value AT Command ATMY Binary Command Ox2A 42 decimal Parameter Range O OxFFFF Default Parameter Value OxFFFF Disabled the DT Destination Address parameter serves as both source and destination address Number of bytes returned 2 Related Commands DT Destination Address HP Hopping Channel ID Modem VID MK Address Mask AM Auto set MY Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 30 AT Command ATNB Binary Command 0x23 35 decimal Parameter Range 0 4 Parameter Configuration 0 8 bit no parity or 7 bit any parity 1 8 bit even 2 8 bit odd 3 8 bit mark 4 8 bit space Default Parameter Value O Number of bytes returned 1 Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 27B AT Command ATPC Binary Command 0x1E 30 decimal Parameter Range 0 1 Parameter Configuration Power up to Idle Mode Power up to AT Command Mode Default Parameter Value O Number of bytes returned 1
14. p42 Acknowledged Communication RF Mode Acknowledged Mode p46 Assume default values for parameters not listed Profiles do not reflect addressing implementations Definition Sample Network Profile Acknowledged Communications AM Auto set MY Command must be issued through a terminal program such as the one incorporated in the X CTU Terminal tab 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 40 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 5 1 Addressing Each RF packet contains addressing information that is used to filter incoming RF data Receiving modems inspect the Hopping Channel HP parameter Vendor Identification Number ID parameter and Destination Address DT parameter contained in each RF packet Data that does not pass through all three network security layers is discarded Figure 5 1 Figure 5 1 Filtration layers contained in the RF packet header Hopping Channel 4 Parameter vuei VID Vendor Identification Number Parameter Values ID Q to Ox FFF Destination Address Wear srtta bh Parameter Values Oxn O0 On FFF OT 0 to OxFFFF factory set read only RF Data RF Data aie passes through from anhenna 7 bo DO Buffer Data is Discarded 5 1 1 Address Recognition Transmissions can be addressed to a specific modem or group of modems using the DT Destination Address and MK Address Mask parameters The transmitting modem
15. A24 HABMM P6I 2 1 dBi Fixed Mobile A24 HBMM P6i 218i FixedMobile Can be approved for portable applications if integrator gains approval through SAR testing IC Industry Canada Certification Labeling requirements for Industry Canada are similar to those of the FCC A clearly visible label on the outside of the final product enclosure must display the following text Contains Model 9XStream Radio 900 MHz IC 4214A 9XSTREAM Contains Model 24XStream Radio 2 4 GHz IC 4214A 12008 Integrator is responsible for its product to comply with IC ICES 003 amp FCC Part 15 Sub B Unintentional Radiators ICES 003 is the same as FCC Part 15 Sub B and Industry Canada accepts FCC test report or CISPR 22 test report for compliance with ICES 003 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 56 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 Appendix B Development Guide RS 232 Accessories Kit Contents The accessories listed below are included with XStream RF Modems that carry the RA suffix on the product number For example Part number X09 019PKC RA includes the listed accessories and part number X09 019PKC R does not The accessories kit includes hardware and software needed for developing long range wireless links For testing the modem s range MaxStream recommends the purchase of one RF Modem with the accessories and one without Table B 1 Accessories Kit Contents
16. Binary Command 0x0OD 13 decimal Use only with cyclic sleep modes active on remote modems FL Software Flow Control Command lt Serial Interfacing gt FL Command is used to configure software flow control Hardware flow control is implemented with the XStream Modem as the DO2 pin CTS which regulates when serial data can be transferred to the modem FL Command can be used to allow software flow control to also be enabled XON character used is 0x11 17 decimal XOFF character used is 0x13 19 decimal FT Flow Control Threshold Command lt Serial Interfacing gt Set Read the flow control threshold When FT bytes have accumulated in the DI buffer CTS is de asserted or the XOFF software flow control character is transmitted GD Receive Good Count Command lt Diagnostics gt Set Read the count of good received RF packets Parameter value is reset to O after every reset and is not non volatile Value does not persist in the modem s memory after a power up sequence Once the Receive Good Count reaches its maximum value up to OxFFFF it remains at its maximum count value until the maximum count value is manually changed or the modem is reset HP Hopping Channel Command lt Networking gt HP Command is used to set the modem s hopping channel number A channel is one of three layers of addressing available to the XStream modem In order for modems to communicate with each other the modems must have t
17. Flow Figure 5 4 Streaming Mode State Diagram TX Modem Data Events and processes in this mode are common to all of the other RF Detected Communication Modes Data Pending in DI Buffer Idle t NOTE When streaming data RB and RO parameters are only observed on Mode the first packet RB Chars A neo After transmission begins the TX event will continue uninterrupted until the DI buffer is empty or the streaming limit TT Command is reached atime As with the first packet the payload of each subsequent packet includes no 0f Silence up to the maximum packet size PK Command The streaming limit TT Command is specified by the transmitting ae modem as the maximum number of bytes the transmitting modem can send in one transmission event After the TT parameter threshold is reached the transmitting modem will force a random delay of 1 to RN seen rc delay slots exactly 1 delay slot if RN 0 Subsequent packets are sent without an RF initializer since receiving modems stay synchronized with the transmitting modem for the duration of the transmission event from preceding packet information However due to interference some receiving modems may lose data and synchronization to the transmitting modem particularly during long transmission events Once the transmitting modem has sent all pending data or has reached the TT limit the transmission event ends The transmitting modem will yes not
18. MD 1 the base modem will force the disconnection of an exclusive connection If MD 2 the remote modem will send a Disconnect Request Packet to the base modem 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary AT Command ATCN Binary Command 0x09 9 decimal AT Command ATCO Binary Command Ox2F 47 decimal Parameter Range O OxFFFF x 1 second Default Parameter Value 3 Number of bytes returned 2 Related Commands CD DO3 Configuration DR DI3 Configuration Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 30 AT Command ATCS Binary Command Ox1F 31 decimal Parameter Range 0 4 Configuration RS 232 CTS flow control Parameter RS 485 TX enable low high 3 RS 485 TX enable high 4 low Default Parameter Value 0 Number of bytes returned 1 Related Commands RT DI2 Configuration TO DO2 Timeout Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 27D AT Command ATCT Binary Command 0x06 6 decimal Parameter Range 0x02 OXFFFF x 100 milliseconds Default Parameter Value OxC8 200 decimal 20 seconds Number of bytes returned 2 AT Command ATDC Binary Command 0x37 55 decimal Related Commands CB Connection Duration Timeout CE Connection Inactivity Timeout MD RF Mode Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 30 28 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 DR DI3 Configuration Command lt Serial Interfacing gt The DR Command
19. Point to Point An RF data link between two modems All Modems ATAM auto set MY Source Address parameter nee Communications ATDT FFFF set Destination Address to OxFFFF Point to Multipoint RF data links between one base and multiple remotes Base ATMY 0 setSource Address to 0x00 Sample Network Profile ATDT FFFF set Destination Address to OxFFFF Basic Communications Remotes ATAM auto setMY Source Address parameter ATDT 0 set Destination Address to 0x00 ATMY 0 set Source Address to 0x00 ATDT FFFF set Destination Address to OxFFFF Sample Network Profile ATRR 3 set number of Retries to 3 Acknowledged Communications Remotes ATAM auto set MY Source Address parameter ATDT 0 set Destination Address to 0x00 ATRR 3 set number of Retries to 3 Basic Communication RF Modes Streaming Mode p42 Repeater Mode p43 Acknowledged Communication RF Modes Acknowledged Mode p46 Multi Streaming Mode p48 Peer to Peer Modems remain synchronized without use of a master server Each modem shares the roles of master and slave MaxStream s peer to peer architecture features fast synch times 35ms to synchronize modems and fast cold start times 50ms before transmission x A Use default values for all modems All Modems ATAM auto set MY Source Address parameter ATDT FFFF set Destination Address to OxFFFF ATRR 3 set number of Retries to 3 Basic Communication RF Mode Streaming Mode
20. Power TX Indicator Red light is on when powered off briefly during RF transmission ee G host RF modems 1 1c Serial Port DB 9 Connector Standard female DB 9 RS 232 DCE connector This connector can be also used for RS 485 and RS 422 connections 1 1d Power Connector 7 18 VDC Power Connector Center positive 5 5 2 1mm Power can also be supplied through Pin 9 of the DB 9 Serial Port 1 2a DIP Switch The DIP Switch automatically configures the XStream RF Modem to operate in different modes Each time the modem is powered on intelligence inside the XIB R interface board inside the modem programs the modem according to the positions of the DIP Switch See figure below for DIP Switch settings NOTE In cases where AT Commands should not be sent each time the RF Modem is powered on the processor must be disabled by populating J7 on the interface board inside the modem p21 1 2b Config Configuration Switch The Configuration Switch provides an alternate way to enter AT Command Mode To enter AT Command Mode at the RF modem s default baud rate hold the Configuration Switch down while powering on the modem using the Power Switch 1 1a 1 2c Antenna Port Port is a 50Q RF signal connector for connecting to an external antenna The connector type is RPSMA Reverse Polarity SMA female The connector has threads on the outside of a barrel and a male center conductor Parity Switches 5 amp 6
21. RS 422 Operation 2 3 1 DIP Switch Settings and Pin Signals Figure 2 10 Figure 2 11 RS 485 4 wire and RS 422 Pins used on the female RS 232 DB 9 DIP Switch Settings Serial Connector Figure 2 12 RS 485 4 wire amp RS 422 with Termination optional 0123456 HFIP lla Termination is the 120 Q resistor between T and T DIP Switch settings are read and applied only while powering on Table 2 3 RS 485 422 4 wire Signals and their implementations with the XStream PKG R RF Modem RS 485 422 Transmit Negative Data Line Receive Negative ae R RA Serial data received by the XStream RF Modem 5 GND Signal Ground Ground R RB sae ae Serial data received by the XStream RF Modem Transmit P ositive T TB Dee Line Serial data sent from the XStream RF Modem Power Optional power input that is connected internally to the front power connector Serial data sent from the XStream RF Modem not used Wiring Diagram RS 485 4 wire Half Duplex Figure 2 13 XStream RF Modem in an RS 485 4 wire environment RS 485 XStream PKG R XStream PKG R RS 485 master device RS 232 485 RF Modem RS 232 485 RF Modem slave device Termination __ Termination P Resistor Resistor lf enabled if enabled Transmit Recelve i slave device 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 10 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 Wiring Diagram RS 422 Fig
22. after the ACK slot In this case the receiving modem will always detect the immediate retransmission which will hold off the communications channel and thereby reduce collisions Receiving modems acknowledge each retransmission they receive but they only pass the first copy of a packet they receive out the UART RB and RO parameters are not applied to subsequent packets This means that once transmission has begun it will continue uninterrupted until the DI buffer is empty or the streaming limit TT has been reached As with the first packet the payload of each subsequent packet includes up to the maximum packet size PK parameter The transmitting modem checks for more pending data near the end of each packet The streaming limit TT parameter specifies the maximum number of bytes that the transmitting modem will send in one transmission event which may consist of many packets and retries If the TT parameter is reached the transmitting modem will force a random delay of 1 to RN delay slots exactly 1 delay slot if RN is zero Each packet is counted only once toward TT no matter how many times the packet is retransmitted Subsequent packets in acknowledged mode are similar to those in streaming mode with the addition of an acknowledgement between each packet and the possibility of retransmissions Subsequent packets are sent without an RF initializer as the receiving modems are already synchronized to the transmitting modem from the p
23. dictates whether the packet is intended for a specific modem local address or multiple modems global address by comparing the packet s DT parameter to its own MK parameter Figure 5 2 Figure 5 2 Local Packets vs Global Packets Transmitting Modem TX_DT Transmitter Destination Address a gt Local Packet TX_MK Transmitter Address Mask i TX_OT amp TX_MK Note When TX_DT OxFFFF default RF packets are global and are TAT received by all modems within range Receivers do not send ACKs Pyes Global Packet A receiving modem will only accept a packet if a packet is addressed to it either as a global or local packet The RX modem makes this determination by inspecting the destination address of the RF packet and comparing it to its own address and mask Figure 5 3 The Destination Address of the TX modem is logically ANDed with the Address Mask of the RX modem Figure 5 3 Address Recognition Receiving Modem TX_DT Transmitter Destination Address RX_DT Receiver Destination Address RX_MY Receiver Source Address TXDT RX0T gt Local Address Accept Packet i Source amp Destination lt Addressing Enabled gt i RX_MY 2 OxFFFF P TA_DT amp RX_MK RXMK Receive Packet extract TX_OT Reject Packet Global Address Accept Packet TA_DT RX_MY NOTE For more information regarding addressing and masks refer to Application Note XST
24. disabled and RF Modem enters into AT Command Mode If 7 is NOT populated and Config Switch is NOT pressed Execute logic as shown in table below Table 4 2 AT Commands Sent as result of DIP Switch Settings SW DIP Switch Restore Default Parameter Values of the RF Modem AT Commands sent ATRE Restore Defaults Command SWI amp SW2 are ON up o ota Serial Interfacing Options AT Commands sent ATCS 0 RS 232 Operation CTS function for CTS line If SW1 is ON up DB 9 pin 8 ATCD 2 DO3 RX LED low AT Commands sent ATCS 3 RS 485 or RS 422 Operation ATCD 2 DO3 RX LED low If SW1 is OFF down If SW5 is ON up amp SW6 is ON up AT Commands sent ATNB 5 parity 9th bit data over the air v4 30 only AT Commands sent ATCN Exit AT Command Mode IMPORTANT To avoid overwriting previously stored custom configurations due to the automatic configurations that take place each time the RF Modem is powered on it is necessary to disable a processor located on the XIB R interface board To disable the processor populate the J7 jumper of the XIB R Interface Board By default J7 is not populated 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 21 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 4 2 Programming Examples For information about entering and exiting AT and Binary Command Modes refer to the Command Mode section p19 4 2 1 AT Commands MaxStream has provid
25. disconnect No over the air data sent or received for CE Connection Inactivity Timeout time If no over the air data is successfully sent no acknowledgement received or received any good packet for CE time the connection will be dropped Only a base modem can detect this condition Refer to CE Command Absolute CB Connection Duration Timeout The CB parameter defines an absolute timeout A timer is started on the remote units when a connection is established When the connection has been active for CB time the base will close the connection A remote that detects this condition will automatically disconnect it will not send a DRP disconnect request packet Remotes that monitor a connection between the base and another remote will disregard any connection after the CB time Refer to CB Command DI3 pin pin 2 SLEEP is de asserted set high A base or remote modem can cause a disconnect by setting the DI3 line high If no connection is active the de assertion is ignored A remote will request a disconnect if DI3 is de asserted and the remote is currently connected the base Refer to DR DI3 Configuration Command A remote or a base modem receives the ATDC Disconnect Command 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 49 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 Configuration AT Command Mode AT command mode is used for all commands on base and remote modems Binary co
26. include an RF initializer that contains channel information used to synchronize any listening receivers to the transmitter s hopping pattern Once a new modem comes within range or is powered on within range it is able to instantly synchronize to the transmitter and start receiving data If no new modems are introduced into the system the synchronization information becomes redundant once modems have become synchronized SY Command allows the modems to remove this information from the RF Initializer after the initial synchronization For example changing the SY Parameter to 0x14 20 decimal allows all modems to remain in sync for 2 seconds after the last data packet was received Synchronization information is not re sent unless transmission stops for more than 2 seconds This command allows significant savings in packet transmission time Warning Not recommended for use in an interference prone environment Interference can break up the session and the communications channel will not be available again until SY time expires With SY set to zero the channel session is opened and closed with each transmission resulting in a more robust link with more latency TO DO2 Timeout Command lt Serial Interfacing gt DO2 output will return to AT Command ATTO default after no DI2 status information is Binary Command 0x31 49 decimal received during the timeout period Parameter Range 0O OxFFFF x 1 second Use with CS 2 or 4 De
27. order to be a non standard connector the gender of the center conductor is changed The female RPSMA actually has a male center conductor Antenna Cables RF cables are typically used to connect a radio installed in a cabinet to an antenna mounted externally As a general rule it is best to keep the RF cable as short as possible All cables promote signal loss which is usually measured in dB loss per 100 ft MaxStream provides LMR 195 rated cables Common cables and dB losses are included in this table Table B 2 Potential Signal Strength Loss due to Antenna Cable Length Cable Loss at 900 MHz per 100 Loss at 2 4 GHz per 100 Diameter Type loss per 100m loss per 100m RG 58 14 5 dB 47 4 dB 25 3 dB 25 3 dB 83 248 0 20 4 95 mm RG 174 25 9 dB 85 0 dB 44 4 dB memm dB 0 10 2 54 mm 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 Appendix C Additional Information 1 Year Warranty XStream RF Modems from MaxStream Inc the Product are warranted against defects in materials and workmanship under normal use for a period of 1 year from the date of purchase In the event of a product failure due to materials or workmanship MaxStream will repair or replace the defective product For warranty service return the defective product to MaxStream shipping prepaid for prompt repair or replacement The foregoing sets for
28. period of inactivity no ee Sleep transmitting or receiving of data The period of activity is defined using the ST Time before Sleep Command Automatic transition to Sleep Mode occurs After the cyclic sleep in cycles as defined by the SM Sleep time interval elapses Cyclic Sleep Mode Command When serial byte is received on the DI pin Note Modem can be SM 3 8 Note The cyclic sleep time interval must be forced into Idle Mode Shorter than the Wake up Initializer Timer if PW Pin Wake up Set by LH Command Command is issued For more information about Sleep Modes refer to the individual commands listed in Related Commands column of the table The SM command is central to all Sleep Mode configurations 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 16 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 Pin Sleep SM 1 Pin Sleep requires the least amount of power In order to achieve this state the DI3 SLEEP pin must be asserted high The modem remains in Pin Sleep until the DI3 pin is de asserted After enabling Pin Sleep the SLEEP pin controls whether the XStream Modem is active or in Sleep Mode When DI3 is de asserted low the modem is fully operational When DI3 is asserted high the modem transitions to Sleep Mode and remains in its lowest power consuming state until the DI3 SLEEP pin is de asserted DI3 is only active if the modem is setup to ope
29. second sleep 6 Cyclic 4 0 second sleep 7 Cyclic 8 0 second sleep 8 Cyclic 16 0 second sleep Default Parameter Value O Number of bytes returned 1 Related Commands For Pin Sleep PC Power up Mode PW Pin Wake up For Serial Port Sleep ST Time before Sleep For Cyclic Sleep ST Time before Sleep LH Wake up Initializer Timer HT Time Before Wake up Initializer PW Pin Wake up AT Command ATST Binary Command 0x02 Parameter Range 0x10 OXFFFF x 100 milliseconds Default Parameter Value 0x64 100 decimal Number of bytes returned 2 Related Commands SM Sleep Mode LH Wake up Initializer Timer HT Time before Wake up Initializer 37 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 SY Time before Initialization Command lt Networking gt SY Command keeps a AT Command ATSY communication channel open as long as modem transmits or receives before the active connection expires It can be used to reduce latency ina Parameter Range 0 OxFF query response sequence and should be set 100 x 100 milliseconds ms longer than the delay between transmissions Default Parameter Value O Disabled channel initialization information is sent with each RF packet Binary Command 0x17 23 decimal This command allows multiple XStream Modems to share a hopping channel for a given amount of time after receiving data By default all packets Number of bytes returned 1
30. through every repeater modem until it reaches the ends of the network Each repeater will repeat a packet only once Constraints Requires that each modem have a unique MY Source Address parameter System must introduce just one packet at a time to the network for transmission 256 bytes max Each hop H decreases network throughput by a factor of 1 H 1 Additional repeaters add network redundancy without decreasing throughput Required Parameter Values TX Modem MD 3 or 4 MY unique value can be accomplished by issuing the AM Auto set MY and WR Write commands to all modems in the network Related Commands Networking MD DT MY AM Serial Interfacing RN PK RO RB Recommended Use Use in networks where intermediary nodes are needed to relay data to modems that are beyond the transmission range of the base modem Theory of Operation OEMs and integrators can extend the effective range and reliability of a data radio system by forwarding traffic through one or more repeaters Instead of using routing tables and path discovery to establish dynamic paths through a network the repeater system uses a sophisticated algorithm to propagate each RF packet through the entire network The network supports RF packets up to 256 bytes The repeater network can operate using broadcast or addressed communications for multi drop networks and works well in many systems with no special configuration When in Repeater Mode the ne
31. transmit again for exactly RN delay slots if the local i e transmitting modem s RN parameter is set to a non zero value The receiving modems will not transmit for a random number of delay slots between O and RN 1 if the local i e receiving modem s RN parameter is set to a non zero value These delays are intended to lessen congestion following long bursts of packets from a single transmitting modem during which several receiving modems may have become ready to transmit Data Pending in DI Buffer 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 42 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 5 2 2 Repeater Mode Characteristics Self organizing No route configuration is necessary Self healing Fault tolerant Low power consumption and Minimized interference Network throughput is determined by number of hops not by number of repeaters Multiple repeaters within range of source node count as one hop Supports transparent multi drop mode or addressed data filtering mode Duplicate RF packets are automatically filtered out All packets propagate to every node in the network filtering rules apply Broadcast communications each packet comes out every node exactly once Addressed communications all radios see every packet Only the modem with a matching address will forward it to the DO buffer UART IN Data entering the network on any modem is transmitted and forwarded
32. 0 0d 0x0A 10d 0x0B 11d OxOF 15d 0x0D 13d PE 0x07 7d 0x24 36d 0x10 16d 0x11 17d 0x03 3d ID v4 2B 0x27 39d 0x3B 59d 0x0C 12d 0x32 50d 0x12 18d 0x2A 42d 0x23 35d Ox1E 30d 0x29 41d Ox1D 29d 0x20 32d Ox0E 14d 0x19 25d 0x21 33d 0x22 34d 0x18 24d Ox1C 28d 0x16 22d 0x2C 44d 0x36 54d 0x25 37d 0x26 38d 0x01 1d 0x02 2d 0x17 23d 0x31 49d 0x1B 27d Ox1A 26d 0x14 20d 0x08 8d Firmware version in which command and parameter options were first supported Auto set MY Guard Time After Baud Rate Serial Break Passing Serial Break Timeout Guard Time Before Connection Duration Timeout Command Sequence Character DO3 Configuration Connection Inactivity Timeout Connection Failure Count Last Connection Address Connection Message Exit AT Command Mode DO3 Timeout DO2 Configuration Command Mode Timeout Disconnect DI3 Configuration Destination Address Echo Off Echo On Receive Error Count Force Wake up Initializer S oftware Flow Control Flow Control Threshold Receive Good Count Hopping Channel Time before Wake up Initializer Modem VID DI2 DI3 Update Timer Wake up Initializer Timer RF Mode Address Mask Source Address Parity Power up Mode RF Packet Size Pin Wake up Packetization Threshold Restore Defaults Delay Slots Packetization Timeout RSSI PWM Timer Retries RSSI DI2 Configuration DI Buffer Siz
33. 105 dBm 2 4 GHz interfacing rates Advanced Networking amp Security MODBUS CTS RTS DTR DCD True peer to peer no master required amp more I O Support point to point point to multipoint multidrop XII Interference Blocking Retries and Acknowledgements Power saving Sleep Modes 7 hopping channels each with over 65 000 as low as 6 mA available network addresses Free amp Unlimited FHSS Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum ved j World Class Technical Support 1 1 1 Worldwide Acceptance Systems that contain XStream RF Modems automatically inherit MaxStream Certifications FCC Certified USA Refer to Appendix A for FCC Requirements FE ISM Industrial Scientific amp Medical frequency band Manufactured under I SO 9001 2000 registered standards 9XStream 900 MHz RF Modems are approved for use in US Canada Australia amp Israel and more 24XStream 2 4 GHz Modems add Europe EU and other approvals 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 4 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 1 2 Specifications Table 1 1 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Specifications 9XStream PKG R 900 MHz 24XStream PKG R 2 4 GHz Performance Indoor Urban Range Up to 1500 450 m Up to 600 180 m Up to 7 miles 11 km w dipole antenna Up to 3 miles 5 km w dipole antenna Outdoor LOS Range Up to 20 miles 32 km w high gain
34. 2 1 dBi Gain Connector Reverse polarity SMA Reverse polarity SMA Impedance 50 ohms unbalanced 50 ohms unbalanced Certifications Refer to www maxstream net for additional certifications OURSXSTREAM OUR 24XSTREAM Industry Canada IC 4214A 9XSTREAM 4214A 12008 N A ETSI CE 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 5 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 1 3 External I nterface Figure 1 1 Front View 1a 1 1c DB 9 Power Switch Serial Port 1 1b I O amp Power LEDs 1 1d Power Connector Figure 1 2 Back View 1 2b 12a Config Switch 1 2c DIP Switch i Antenna Port Figure 1 3 DIP Switch Settings Serial Interface Switches 1 amp 2 jiii RS 485 422 12 Termination Switches 3 amp 4 Pi RS 232 3 _ 2 wire RS 485 Hal 2 wire RS 485 iL Termination 4 wire RS 485 422 Termination None a4 Invalid ae _ 4 wire 0 RS 485 422 fo Restore Defaults 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 1l la Power Switch Move the Power Switch to the on up position to power the Interface Board DIP Switch 1 2a settings are only read during a power up sequence 1 1b 1 O amp Power LEDs The LED indicators visualize diagnostic status information The modem s status is represented as follows Yellow top LED Serial Data Out to host Green middle Serial Data In from host Red bottom
35. 4 5 3 Acknowledged Communications 5 3 1 Acknowledged Mode Characteristics Reliable delivery through positive acknowledgements for each packet Throughput latency and jitter vary depending on the quality of the channel and the strength of the signal Recommended Use Acknowledge Mode configuration is appropriate when reliable delivery is required between modems If messages are smaller than 256 bytes use RB and RO commands to align RF packets with application packets Required Parameter Values TX Modem RR Retries gt 1 Related Commands Networking DT MK RR Serial Interfacing PK RN TT RO RB Table 5 4 Sample Network Profile Modem Parameter Settings assume default values for parameters not listed ATRR A set number of Retries to 0x0A ATRN 5 set number of Delay Slots to 5 Connection Sequence Figure 5 6 Acknowledged Mode State Diagram gt After sending a packet while Data in Acknowledged Mode the Detected Data Pending transmitting modem listens in DI Butter 7 for an ACK Idle acknowledgement If it Mode receives the ACK it will either 3 send a subsequent packet if a more transmit data is pending or will wait for exactly RN random delay slots Inhibit Transmission for RN Delay Slots D RO Char times s before allowing another of Silence transmission if no more data is pending for transmission Data Pending If the transmitting modem in DI Buffer s2
36. F Mode Peer to peer Multi Stream or Repeater Modes of the modem Multi Streaming Mode enables exclusive connections in point to multipoint networks Refer to the Multi Streaming Mode section p48 for more information regarding how these parameter values affect other parameter values Repeater Mode enables longer range via an intermediary modem When MD 3 the modem will act as a store and forward repeater Any packets not addressed to this node will be repeated A Repeater End Node MD 4 handles repeated messages but will not forward the data over the air Refer to the Repeater Mode section p43 for more information MK Address Mask Command lt Networking gt MK Command is used to set read the Address Mask All data packets contain the Destination Address of the transmitting modem When an RF data packet is received the transmitter s Destination Address is logically ANDed bitwise with the Address Mask of the receiver The resulting value must match the Destination Address or the Address Mask of the receiver for the packet to be received and sent out the modem s DO serial port If the ANDed value does not match either the Destination Address or the Address Mask of the receiver the packet is discarded All 0 AT Command ATMD Binary Command 0x32 50 decimal Parameter Range 0 4 Parameter Configuration 0 Peer to Peer Transparent 1 Multi Stream Base 2 Multi Stream Remote 3 Repeater 4 R
37. Familiarizes users with some of the modem s most Quick Start Guide important functions MD0019 Contains documentation software and tools needed for XStream PKG R X09 or RS 232 485 RF Modem Long Range RF Modem with RPSMA Connector X19 RPSMA 6 Half Wave dipole articulating A09 HASM 675 Connects to the female RS 232 DB 9 serial connector of Serial Loopback Adapter the Interface Board and can be used to configure the D2D3 CDL A modem to function as a repeater for range testing Connects to the female RS 232 DB 9 serial connector of the Interface Board and can be used to connect the D2D2 CDN A modem to another DCE female DB9 device NULL Modem Adapter Used to bypass radios to verify serial cabling is J D3D3 CDN A female to female functioning properly Male DB 9 to RJ 45 Facilitates adapting the DB 9 Connector of the Interface JE1D2 CDA A Adapter Board to a CAT5 cable male DB9 to female RJ 45 Female DB 9 to RJ 45 Facilitates adapting the DB 9 Connector of the Interface J E1D3 CDA A Adapter Board to a CAT5 cable female DB9 to female RJ 45 Allows Interface Board to be powered by a 110 Volt AC Power Adapter power supply P4P 2 9V10 6F RS 232 Cable 6 it lle board to devices having an RS 232 D2D3 CDS 6F NULL Modem Adapter male to male 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 57 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 Adapters The XStream Develop
38. Initialize Channel does not receive the ACK D Sie ae sync within the allotted time it will sa a retransmit the packet with a ie A new RF initializer following the yes ACK slot There is no delay ee Assemble Packet between the first ACK slot and 3 the first retransmission Subsequent retransmissions incur a delay of a random Discard Packet j Transmit Packet Initialize Channel sync number of delay slots between O and RN If RN is set to 0 on the transmitting modem there are never any Reset Retry Inhibit Transmission Count RR for RN Delay Slots back off delays between retransmissions Note that during back off delays the transmitting modem will go Increment TX Decrement Retry into Idle Mode and may Failure Count TR ne Count RR receive RF data This can have the effect of increasing the back off delay as the radio cannot return to RF transmit or retransmit mode as long as it is receiving RF data 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 46 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 After receiving and acknowledging a packet the receiving modem will move to the next frequency and listen for either a retransmission or new data for a specific period of time Even if the transmitting modem has indicated that it has no more pending transmit data it may have not received the previous ACK and so it may retransmit the packet potentially with no delay
39. Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 22 AT Command ATPK Binary Command 0x29 41 decimal Parameter Range O 0x100 Bytes Default Parameter Value 0x40 64 decimal Number of bytes returned 2 Related Commands RB Packetization Threshold RO Packetization Timeout Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 30 less than the current value of RB RB is automatically lowered to be equal to PK 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 33 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 PW Pin Wake up Command modem in Cyclic Sleep Mode cycles from an active state to a low power state at regular intervals until data is ready to be received If the PW Parameter is set to 1 the SLEEP DI3 Pin can be used to awaken the modem from Cyclic Sleep If the SLEEP Pin is de asserted low the modem will be fully operational and will not go into Cyclic Sleep Once SLEEP is asserted the modem will remain active for the period of time specified by ST Time before Sleep Command and will return to Cyclic Sleep Mode if no data is ready to be transmitted PW Command is only valid if Cyclic Sleep has been enabled lt Serial Interfacing gt RF transmission will commence when data is in the DI Buffer and either of the following criteria are met e RO times out on the UART receive lines ignored if RO 0 e RB characters have been received by the UART ignored if RB 0 If PK is lower
40. R gt Enter into AT Command Mode ATHP lt Enter gt system shows current channel number lt CR gt ATRE lt Enter gt OK lt CR gt Restore modem default parameter values ATWR lt Enter gt OK lt CR gt Write new values to non volatile memory ATCN lt Enter gt OK lt CR gt Exit AT Command Mode Method 2 Multiple commands on one line Issue AT Command System Response OK lt CR gt ATRE WR CN lt Enter gt OK lt CR gt NOTE Default parameter values of the RF modem can also be restored by selecting the Restore Defaults button located on the Modem Configuration tab refer to the instructions below Modem Configuration tab The Modem Configuration tab of the X CTU software provides an easy to use interface for reading and setting RF modem parameters EXAMPLE Read Parameters amp Restore Defaults using the Modem Configuration tab The following steps show how to read currently stored modem parameter values then restore the modem parameters to their factory default states Open the X CTU program Start gt Programs gt MaxStream gt X CTU Under the PC Settings tab select the PC Serial Com Port from the dropdown list that will be used to connect to the RF Modem Select a Baud rate to match the default RF data rate of the RF Modem Use default values for all other fields Select the Modem Configuration tab Select the Read button to read currently stored parameter values of the modem
41. T Command Mode Sequence for transition to Command Mode e No characters sent for one second refer to the BT Guard Time Before Command e Input three plus characters within one second refer to the CC Command Sequence Character Command e No characters sent for one second refer to the AT Guard Time After Command To Send AT Commands Send AT commands and parameters using the syntax shown below Figure 3 9 Syntax for sending AT Commands AT ASCII Space 4 Parameter Carriage Prefix Command Optional Optional HEX Return Orme O Example ATDT 1F lt CR gt NOTE To read a parameter value stored in a register leave the parameter field blank The preceding example would change the modem Destination Address to 1F To store the new value to non volatile long term memory the Write ATWR Command must follow System Response When a command is sent to the modem the modem will parse and execute the command Upon successful execution of a command the modem returns an OK message If execution of a command results in an error the modem returns an ERROR message To Exit AT Command Mode Send ATCN Exit Command Mode Command OR If no valid AT Commands are received within the time specified by CT Command Mode Timeout Command the Modem automatically returns to Idle Mode For examples that illustrate the steps of programming the modem using AT Commands refer to the RF M
42. XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem XStream RS 232 485 RF Modem Interfacing Protocol RF Modem Operation RF Modem Configuration RF Communication Modes Appendices Product Manual v5 x00 For XStream RF Modem Part Numbers X09 001PK R X24 O09PK R XH9 O001PK R X09 O09PK R X24 019PK R XH9 OO9PK R X09 019PK R XH9 O19PK R 900 MHz amp 2 4 GHz Stand alone RF Modems by MaxStream I nc MaxStream 355 South 520 West Ste 180 Lindon UT 84042 Phone 801 765 9885 Fax 801 765 9895 rf xperts maxstream net M100019 www maxstream net 2006 02 24 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 2006 MaxStream Inc All rights reserved The contents of this manual may not be transmitted or reproduced in any form or by any means without the written permission of MaxStream Inc XStream is a trademark of MaxStream Inc Technical Support Phone 801 765 9885 Live Chat www maxstream net E Mail rf xperts maxstream net 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 Contents 1 XStream RS 232 485 RF Modem 4 1 1 Features 4 1 1 1 Worldwide Acceptance 4 1 2 Specifications 5 1 3 External Interface 6 2 Interfacing Protocol 7 2 1 RS 232 Operation 7 2 1 1 DIP Switch Settings and Pin Signals 7 2 2 RS 485 2 wire Operation 9
43. acket aligns with protocol packet ex PK 0x100 RB 0x100 RO depends on baud rate Configure one or more repeaters in the system ATMD 3 Configure remote nodes as destinations MD 4 This will ensure that the remote node waits for the repeater traffic to subside before it transmits a response The configuration instructions above reflect configuration for a Basic Broadcast Repeater system To configure a Basic Addressed Repeater system use the DT Destination Address parameter to assign unique addresses to each modem in the network Algorithm details e Packet ID PID is composed of transmitting modem MY address and packet serial number e Incoming packets with a PID already found in the PID buffer will be ignored e Each modem maintains a PID buffer 8 deep of previously received packets managed as FIFO Packets may be shifted out the serial port and or repeated depending on the DT parameter contained in the RF packet Table 5 2 DT Destination Address parameter truth table Address Match Send out serial port Repeat delay based on RSSI A transmitted packet may be received by more that one repeater at the same time In order to reduce the probability that the repeaters will transmit at the same instant resulting in a collision and possible data loss an algorithm has been developed that will allow a variable back off prior to retransmission of the packet by a repeater The algorithm allows radios that receive the
44. adio Signal 3 is CTS In this graph a value was written to a register and then read out to verify it While not in the midde of other received data note that the CTS DO2 pin signal outlines the data response out of the g modem eee EE ee Ch3 5 00 Y ch4 5 00 V i 9 Oct 2002 10 00 15 22 30 IMPORTANT For the XStream Modem to recognize a binary command the RT DI2 Configuration parameter must be set to one If binary programming is not enabled RT 1 the modem will not recognize that the CMD pin is asserted and therefore will not recognize the data as binary commands 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 20 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 4 RF Modem Configuration 4 1 Automatic DIP Switch Configurations Each time the RF Modem is powered on intelligence on the XIB R Interface Board RS 232 485 interfacing board located inside the RF Modem sends AT Commands that program the RF Modem based on positions of the DIP Switch Automatic configurations that take place during the power on sequence affect stored RF Modem parameter values as shown in the tables below Figure 4 1 RF Modem DIP Switch RS 485 422 Serial Termination interface i Parity Table 4 1 RF Modem Power up Options J7 jumper and Config Switch If 7 is populated Processor is disabled and AT Commands are not sent to the RF Modem If Config Switch is pressed Processor is
45. alizer LH 0x05 i I i I I Receiver Cyclic 1 0 Second Sleep Mode 1 second 4 Sleep Mode 1 second ates m a L Idle Mode 100ms 1 0 2 0 Time seconds 18 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 3 2 5 Command Mode To modify or read modem parameters the modem must first enter into Command Mode the state in which incoming characters are interpreted as commands Two command types are available for programming the modem e AT Commands e Binary Commands For modified parameter values to persist in the modem registry changes must be saved to non volatile memory using WR Write Command Otherwise parameters are restored to previously saved values when the modem is powered off and then on again AT Commands To Enter AT Command Mode Send the 3 character command sequence and observe guard times before and after the command characters Refer to the Default AT Command Mode Sequence below The Terminal tab or other serial communications software of the X CTU Software can be used to enter the sequence OR Assert low the CONFIG pin and turn the power going to the modem off and back on This result can be achieved by keeping the configuration switch pressed while turning off then on again the power supplying the RF Modem Default A
46. alizer Timer Command lt Sleep Low Power gt LH Command adjusts the duration of time for which the RF initializer is sent When receiving modems are put into Cyclic Sleep Mode they power down after a period of inactivity specified by ST Time before Sleep command and will periodically awaken and listen for transmitted data In order for the receiving modems to remain awake they must detect 35ms of the wake up initializer LH Command must be used whenever a receiver AT Command ATLH Binary Command Ox0OC 12 decimal Parameter Range 0 OxFF x 100 milliseconds Default Parameter Value 1 Number of bytes returned 1 Related Commands HT Time before Wake up Initializer SM Sleep Mode ST Time before Sleep is operating in Cyclic Sleep Mode This lengthens the Wake up Initializer to a specific amount of time in tenths of a second The Wake up Initializer Time must be longer than the cyclic sleep time that is determined by SM Sleep Mode Command If the wake up initializer time were less than the Cyclic Sleep interval the connection would be at risk of missing the wake up initializer transmission Refer to the figures in the Sleep Mode section p16 to view diagrams of correct and incorrect configurations The images help visualize the importance that the LH value be greater than the SM cyclic sleep value MD RF Mode Command lt Networking amp Security gt The MD command is used to select read the R
47. and was executed If any other value is found for the RR parameter the RR parameter will not be changed Auto configuration occurs every time the modem is powered up Table 5 6 Auto Configurations Parameter changed Condition for modification gt when MD 1 or 2 to take place default values Resulling raramerer vAu RR Retries RR 0x0A 10 decimal RN Delay Slots IFRN 0 RN 5 MY Source Address If MY OxFFFF amp MD 2 Unique value based on serial number CD DO3 Configuration ICD 0 CD 3 BT Guard Time Before If BT 0x0A BT 0 AT Guard Time After If AT 0x0A AT 0 The system requires that each remote have a unique address The automatic address is based on the serial number and is not guaranteed unique although the chances for a duplicate address are 1 in 16 000 No method currently exists for detecting amp reassigning duplicate remote addresses Global Connection The base modem can connect to all remote modems to send a broadcast message by connecting with a DT address of OxFFFF hex There will be no acknowledgements from the remote radios and each packet from the base will be sent RR times A remote cannot send messages to a base during a global connect The CGP and DGP packets will be sent RR times to begin and end the global connection respectively The connection can be terminated by CE CB timers DI3 or ATDC Command as any other connections 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprie
48. antenna Up to 10 miles 16 km w high gain antenna Transmit Power Output 100 mW 20 dBm 50 mW 17 dBm Interface Data Rate 125 65 000 bps software selectable 125 65 000 bps software selectable Throughput Data Rate 9 600 bps 19 200 bps 9 600 bps 19 200 bps RF Data Rate 10 000 bps 20 000 bps 10 000 bps 20 000 bps Receiver Sensitivity 110 dBm 107 dBm 105 dBm 102 dBm Power Requirements Supply Voltage Receive Current 7 18 VDC 7 18 VDC 70 mA 90 mA 170 mA 180 mA 6 mA 6 mA Transmit Current Pin Sleep Power Down Frequency 902 928 MHz 2 4000 2 4835 GHz Spread Spectrum Frequency Hopping Wide band FM modulator Frequency Hopping Wide band FM modulator Network Topology Peer to Peer Point to Multipoint Point to Point Multidrop Peer to Peer Point to multipoint Point to Point Multidrop Channel Capacity 7 hop sequences share 25 frequencies 7 hop sequences share 25 frequencies Data Connection DB 9 DB 9 Physical Properties Enclosure Enclosure Size 7 1 0z 200g Extruded aluminum black anodized 7 1 0z 200g Extruded aluminum black anodized 2 750 x 5 500 x 1 125 2 750 x 5 500 x 1 125 6 99cm x 13 97 x 2 86cm 6 99cm x 13 97 x 2 86cm 0 to 702C commercial 40 to 852 C industrial 0 to 702 C commercial 40 to 852C industrial Operating Temperature wave dipole whip 6 75 17 1 cm 2 1 dBi Gain wave dipole whip 5 25 13 3 cm
49. ata regarding address recognition DO Buffer Note If serial data exists in the DI buffer while the modem is in Check Addresses Receive Mode the UART data will be transmitted after the modem is finished receiving the RF data and has returned to Idle Mode 3 2 4 Sleep Modes e Pin Sleep Host Controlled e Serial Port Sleep Wake on Serial Port activity e Cyclic Sleep Wake on RF activity For the modem to transition into Sleep Mode the modem must have a non zero SM Sleep Mode parameter and one of the following must occur 1 The modem is idle no data transmission or reception for a user defined period of time Refer to the ST Time before Sleep command 2 SLEEP pin is asserted only for Pin Sleep option In Sleep Mode the modem will not transmit or receive data until the modem first transitions to Idle Mode All Sleep Modes are enabled and disabled using SM Command Transitions into and out of Sleep Modes are triggered by various mechanisms as shown in the table below Table 3 2 Summary of Sleep Mode Configurations Sleep Mode Transition into Transition out of Related Typical Power Setting Sleep Mode Sleep Mode Commands Consumption A microcontroller can shut down and wake modems by asserting high SLEEP pin Pin Sleep SM 1 Note The modem will complete a De assert SLEEP pin transmission or reception before activating Pin Sleep Automatic transition to Sleep Mode occurs after a user defined
50. ch Settings and Pin Signals Figure 2 6 Figure 2 7 RS 485 2 wire Half Duplex Pins used on the female RS 232 DB 9 DIP Switch Settings Serial Connector Pin 2 Pin 5 T R GND Figure 2 8 RS 485 2 wire with Termination optional PWR Ping T R Termination is the 120 Q resistor between T and T DIP Switch settings are read and applied only while powering on Note Refer to Figures 2 15 amp 2 16 for RJ 45 connector pin designations used in RS 485 422 environments Table 2 2 RS 485 2 wire half duplex Signals and their implementations on the XStream RF Modem DB 9 Pin RS 485 Name Implementation Transmit serial data to and from the ESELI T R TRA Negative Data Line Ystream PE Modem Ground Signal Ground Signal Gourd data to and from the EDE A T R TRB Positive Data Line XStream RE Modem Power Optional power input that is connected internally to the front power connector 1 EE 4 6 7 not used Wiring Diagram RS 485 2 wire Half Duplex Figure 2 9 XStream RF Modem in an RS 485 2 wire half duplex environment VW D K F master device RS 232 485 RF Modem XStream PKG R RS 485 RS 232 485 RF Modem Termination slave device Resistor if enabled pin 8 T R transmis receie 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary J RS 485 slave device XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 2 3 RS 485 4 wire amp
51. d time between bursts of communication If the command is sent in the middle of a stream of payload data to be transmitted the command will essentially be executed in the order it is received If the radio is continuously receiving data the radio will wait for a break in the received data before executing the command The CTS signal will frame the response coming from the binary command request Figure 3 10 A minimum time delay of 100 us after the stop bit of the command byte has been sent must be observed before the CMD pin can be de asserted The command executes after all parameters associated with the command have been sent If all parameters are not received within 0 5 seconds the modem returns to Idle Mode Note When parameters are sent they are two bytes long with the least significant byte sent first Binary commands that return one parameter byte must be written with two parameter bytes Refer to p23 for a binary programming example Commands can be queried for their current value by sending the command logically ORed bit wise with the value 0x80 hexadecimal with CMD asserted When the binary value is sent with no parameters the current value of the command parameter is sent back through the DO pin Ee Figure 3 10 Binary Command Write then Read Tek Run l ee A 50V Signal 4 is CMD a eae Sees Dake ee aes ee A 1 50ms Signal 1 is the DIN signal to the radio Mop Signal 2 is the DOUT signal from the r
52. dems in the system must have retries enabled 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 35 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 RS RSSI Command lt Diagnostics gt RS Command returns the signal level of the last packet received This reading is useful for determining range characteristics of the XStream Modems under various conditions of noise and distance Once the command is issued the modem will return a value between 0x6 and 0x36 where 0x36 represents a very strong signal level and 0x4 RT DI 2 Configuration Command lt Serial Interfacing gt RT command is used to dictate the behavior of the DI2 RTS CMD line RT Command must be issued to enable RTS flow control or binary programming RZ DI Buffer Size Command lt Diagnostics gt The RZ command is used to read the size of the DI buffer UART RX Receive Note The DO buffer size can be determined by multiplying the DI buffer size by 1 5 SB Stop Bits Command lt Serial Interfacing gt SB Command is used to set read the number of stop bits in the data packets SH Serial Number High Command lt Diagnostics gt Set Read the serial number high word of the modem 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary AT Command ATRS Binary Command 0x1C 28 decimal Parameter Range 0x06 0x36 Read only Number of bytes returned 1 Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 22 indicates a low s
53. e Stop Bits Serial Number High Serial Number Low Sleep Mode Time before Sleep Time before Initialization DO2 Timeout Transmit Error Count Streaming Limit Firmware Version Write 0x02 OXFFFF x 100 msec Standard baud rates 0 6 custom rates also supported 0 1 0 OxFFFF x 1 second 0 OxFFFF x 100 msec 0x01 OxFFFF x 100 msec 0x20 0x7F 0 4 0 OxFFFF x 10 msec 0 OXFFFF read only 0 1 0 OXFFFF x 1 second 0 4 0x02 OxFFFF x 100 msec 0 4 0 OXFFFF 0 OXFFFF 0 1 0 OxFF bytes 0 OxFFFF 0 6 0 OxFFFF x 100 msec User settable 0x10 Ox7FFF Read only 0x8000 OxF FFF 0 OxFFFF x 100 msec 0 OxFF x 100 msec 0 4 0 OXFFFF 0 OXFFFF 5 shes x100 bytes o 0 i 0 0 0 0x100 bytes 0 OxFF slots 0 OxFFFF x 200 usec 0 Ox7F x 100 msec 0 OxFF 0x06 0x36 read only 0 2 read only 0 1 0 OxFFFF read only 0 OxFFFF read only 0 8 0x10 OxFFFF x 100 msec 0 OxFF x 100 msec 0 OxFFFF x 1 sec 0 OXFFFF 0 OxFFFF 0 disabled 0 x OXFFFF read only Networking amp Security Command Mode Options Serial Interfacing Serial Interfacing Serial Interfacing Command Mode Options Networking amp Security Command Mode Options Serial Interfacing Networking amp Security Networking amp Security Diagnostics Networking amp Security Command Mode Options Serial Interfacing Ser
54. e attempting again to send data to the base modem 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 48 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 Initiating a Connection Connection Guidelines e A remote modem can only request a connection with the base modem e The base modem may hold off or grant a connection request to another modem e Aremote modem will not try to establish a connection if one already exists e A connection fails if no response is received after RR Retries CRP packets After a failure whatever condition was causing a connection to be established is cleared If the condition was data to be sent all data in the DI buffer will be flushed If the condition was DI3 transition then no connection will be attempted until another correct DI3 transition e A global connection cannot fail Definition is on next page Once in Multi Streaming Mode MD gt 0 several events can initiate an exclusive connection Remote modem has payload to transmit After a remote modem receives data from its host the modem will attempt to establish a connection with the base modem The connection is defined by the remote s DT Destination Address parameter If another remote has a connection with the base no connection will be established until the connection runs its course Any remotes requesting a connection will then arbitrate for the next connection RR Retries and RN Random back off pa
55. ed X CTU software for programming the modem using an extensive list of AT Commands The X CTU software provides an interface that is divided into four tabs that facilitate the following functions e PC Settings tab Setup PC serial port to interface with an XStream RF Modem e Range Test tab Test XStream RF Modem s range in varying environments e Terminal tab Configure and read XStream RF Modem parameters using AT Commands e Modem Configuration tab Configure and read RF Modem parameters To install the X CTU Software Double click the setup_X CTU exe file located in the MaxStream CD or under the Downloads section of the following web page www maxstream net support downloads php Then follow the prompts of the installation screens PC Settings Tab As stated in the Serial Communications section in order to communicate data to the RF modem through the PC baud serial data rate data bit parity and stop bit settings on the PC serial port must match those of the RF modem The PC Settings tab provides a software user interface that facilitates the modification of PC serial port settings PC Setup Set the DIP Switch to RS 232 mode Switch 1 is ON up and the remaining 5 switches are OFF down Connect the male DB 9 connector of the PC with the female DB 9 connector of the RF modem using an RS 232 cable Power the RF modem through the power connector Launch X CTU Software and select the PC Settings tab then se
56. ed below the value of RB RB is automatically lowered to match PK Note RB and RO criteria only apply to the first AT Command ATPW lt Sleep Low Power gt Under normal operation a Binary Command 0x1D 29 decimal Parameter Range 0 1 Parameter Configuration Disabled Enabled Default Parameter Value O Number of bytes returned 1 Related Commands SM Sleep Mode ST Time before Sleep Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 22 RB Packetization Threshold Command AT Command ATRB Binary Command 0x20 32 decimal Parameter Range O 0x100 bytes Maximum value equals the current value of PK Parameter up to 0x100 HEX 800 decimal Default Parameter Value 1 Number of bytes returned 2 Related Commands PK RF Packet Size RO Packetization Timeout Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 30 packet of a multi packet transmission If data remains in the DI Buffer after the first packet transmissions will continue in streaming manner until there is no data left in the DI Buffer UART receive buffer RE Restore Defaults Command configurable parameters to factory default settings However the RE Command will not lt Diagnostics gt RE Command restores all AT Command ATRE Binary Command Ox0OE 14 decimal write the default values to non volatile persistent memory Unless the WR Write Command is issued after the RE command the default settings will not be saved in the eve
57. epeater End Node Default Parameter Value 0O Number of bytes returned 1 Related Commands CB Connection Duration Timeout CE Connection Inactivity Timeout CM Connection Message DC Disconnect Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 30 AT Command ATMK Binary Command 0x12 18 decimal Parameter Range 0 OxFFFF Default Parameter Value OXFFFF Destination address DT parameter of the transmitting modem must exactly match the destination address of the receiving modem Number of bytes returned 2 Related Commands DT Destination Address HP Hopping Channel ID Modem VID MY Source Address values are treated as irrelevant values and are ignored 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 MY Source Address Command lt Networking amp Security gt Set Read the source address of the modem Refer to the Addressing section p41 of the RF Communication Modes chapter for more information NB Parity Command lt Serial Interfacing gt Select Read parity settings for UART communications PC Power up Mode Command lt Command Mode Options gt PC Command allows the modem to power up directly into AT Command Mode from reset or power on If PC Command is enabled with SM Parameter set to 1 the DI3 Pin SLEEP can be used to enter the modem into AT Command Mode When the DI3 pin is de asserted
58. er must be used by the transmitting modem for sleeping modems to remain awake refer to the LH Wake up Initializer Timer Command When a receiving modem in Cyclic Sleep wakes it must detect the wake up initializer in order to remain awake and receive data The value of HT Parameter tells the Related Commands LH Wake up Initializer transmitter After a period of inactivity no Timer SM Sleep Mode ST Time before transmitting or receiving lasting HT amount of sleep time send a long wake up initializer HT Parameter should be set to match the inactivity timeout specified by ST Time before Sleep command used by the receiver s Parameter Range 0 OxXFFFF x 100 milliseconds Default Parameter Value OxFFFF means that long wake up initializer will not be sent Number of bytes returned 2 From the receiving modem perspective after HT time elapses and the inactivity timeout ST command is met the receiver goes into cyclic sleep In cyclic sleep the receiver wakes once per sleep interval to check for a wake up initializer When a wake up initializer is detected the modem will stay awake to receive data The wake up initializer must be longer than the cyclic sleep interval to ensure that sleeping modems detect incoming data When HT time elapses the transmitter then knows that it needs to send a long Wake up Initializer for all receivers to be able to remain awake and receive the next transmission Matching HT to
59. er transmission Cyclic Scanning explains in further detail the relationship between Cyclic Sleep and Wake up Initializer Timer 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 17 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 Cyclic Scanning Each RF transmission consists of an RF Initializer and payload The wake up initializer contains initialization information and all receiving modems must wake during the wake up initializer portion of data transmission in order to be synchronized with the transmitting modem and receive the data Figure 3 7 Correct Configuration LH gt SM Length of the wake up initializer exceeds the time interval of Cyclic Sleep The receiver is guaranteed to detect the wake up initializer and receive the accompanying payload data Transmitted Data Length of Wake up Initializer 1 1 Seconds LH Ox0B Wake up Initializer Receive Mode Receiver Cyclic 1 0 Second H Sleep Mode 1 second 4 tania m H L Idle Mode 100ms 1 0 20 Time seconds Figure 3 8 Incorrect Configuration LH lt SM Length of wake up initializer is shorter than the time interval of Cyclic Sleep This configuration is vulnerable to the receiver waking and missing the wake up initializer and therefore also the accompanying payload data Transmitted Data Wak Length of Wake up Initializer 1 1 Seconds Hales Data Payload Initi
60. ers RJ 45 Pin Specifications male DED i female R45 F se 3 black ra 4 red 5 p 6 8 im l An RS 232 Accessories Kit is available that includes connectors that facilitate RS 232 485 422 and other serial communications Refer to the Development Guide in Appendix B for information concerning the connectors and tools included in the kit 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 11 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 3 RF Modem Operation 3 1 Serial Communications 3 1 1 RS 232 and RS 485 422 Data Flow Devices that have a UART interface can connect directly through the pins of the XStream Modem as is shown in the figure below Figure 3 1 System Data Flow Diagram in a UART interfaced environment Low asserted signals distinguished with horizontal line over signal name RS 232 Logic RS 232 Logic TxD p 7 TXD XStream RF Modem 3 1 2 Host and RF Modem I O Settings Serial communications between a host and an XStream RF Modem are dependent upon having matching baud rate parity stop bit amp number of data bits settings Failure to enter the modem into AT Command Mode is most commonly due to baud rate mismatch Refer to the table below to ensure host serial port settings match those of the modem Table 3 1 Parameter values critical to serial communications between the RF Modem and host Parameter Setting XStream RF Modem Defa
61. es 0 0 OXF FFF Ox0A 10d 0x01 0 OXF FFF OXF FFF 0 0 0x40 64d 0 0x01 ololojlo 0 0x64 100d 0 disabled 0x03 0 OXF FFF XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 4 4 Command Descriptions Commands in this section are listed alphabetically Command categories are designated between the lt gt symbols that follow each command title XStream Modems expect numerical values in hexadecimal and those values are designated by a Ox prefix AM Auto set MY Command lt Networking amp Security gt AM Command is used to automatically set the MY Source Address parameter from the factory set modem serial number The address is formed with bits 29 28 and AT Guard Time After Command lt Command Mode Options gt AT Command is used to set the time of silence that follows the command sequence character CC Command By default AT Command Mode will activate after one second of silence Refer to the AT Commands section p19 to view the default AT Command Mode sequence BD Interface Data Rate Command lt Serial Interfacing gt BD Command allows the user to adjust the UART interface data rate and thus modify the rate at which serial data is sent to the RF modem The new baud rate does not take effect until the CN command is issued The RF data rate is unaffected by the BD parameter Most applications will require one of the seven standard ba
62. fault Parameter Value 3 Number of bytes returned 2 Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 30 TR Transmit Error Count Command lt Diagnostics gt TR Command records the number AT Command ATTR of retransmit failures This number is incremented each time a packet is not acknowledged within the number of retransmits Parameter Range 0 OxFFFF specified by the RR Retries Command It Default Parameter Value 0 therefore counts the number of packets that were not successfully received and have been dropped Binary Command 0x1B 27 decimal Number of bytes returned 2 Related Commands RR Retries The TR Parameter is not non volatile and will therefore be reset to zero each time the modem is reset Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 22 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 38 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 TT Streaming Limit Command lt Networking gt TT Command defines a limit on the number of bytes that can be sent out before a random delay is issued TT Command is used to simulate full duplex behavior If a modem is sending a continuous stream of RF data a delay is inserted which stops its transmission and allows other modems time to transmit once it sends number of bytes specified by TT Command Inserted random delay lasts between 1 amp RN 1 delay slots where each delay slot lasts 38ms VR Firmware Version Command lt Diagn
63. ference by one or more of the following measures e Re orient or relocate the receiving antenna e Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver e Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected e Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for help 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 52 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 OEM Labeling Requirements Label Warning Mowe The Original Equipment Manufacturer OEM must ensure that FCC labeling requirements are met This includes a clearly visible label on the outside of the final product enclosure that displays the contents shown in the figure below Figure A 1 Required FCC Label for OEM products containing 9XStream 900 MHz RF Modem Contains FCC ID OUR9XSTREAM The enclosed device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 this device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Figure A 2 Required FCC Label for OEM products containing 24XStream 2 4 GHz RF Modem Contains FCC ID OUR 24XSTREAM The enclosed device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 this device may not cause harmful interference and 2 thi
64. he DI Pin is transmitted The PWR pin is also de asserted low when the modem is in Cyclic Sleep Mode The modem remains in Sleep Mode for a user defined period of time ranging from 0 5 seconds to 16 seconds SM Parameters 3 through 8 After this interval of time the modem returns to Idle Mode and listens for a valid data packet for 100 ms If the modem does not detect valid data on any frequency the modem returns to Sleep Mode If valid data is detected the modem transitions into Receive Mode and receives incoming RF packets The modem then returns to Sleep Mode after a Period of inactivity that is determined by ST Time before Sleep Command The modem can also be configured to wake from cyclic sleep when SLEEP DI3 is de asserted low To configure a modem to operate in this manner PW Pin Wake up Command must be issued Once DI3 is de asserted the modem is forced into Idle Mode and can begin transmitting or receiving data It remains active until no data is detected for the period of time specified by the ST Command at which point it resumes its low power cyclic state Note The cyclic interval time defined by SM Sleep Mode Command must be shorter than the interval time defined by LH Wake up Initializer Timer For example If SM 4 Cyclic 1 0 second sleep the LH Parameter should equal OxOB 1 1 seconds With these parameters set there is no risk of the receiving modem being asleep for the duration of wake up initializ
65. he process of sending an RF initializer that synchronizes receiving modems with the transmitting modem During channel initialization incoming serial data accumulates in the DI buffer Serial data in the DI buffer is grouped into RF packets refer to PK RF Packet Size converted to RF data then transmitted over the air until the DI buffer is empty RF data which includes the payload data follows the RF initializer The payload includes up to the maximum packet size PK Command bytes As the transmitting modem nears the end of the transmission it inspects the DI buffer to see if more data exists to be transmitted This could be the case if more than PK bytes were originally pending in the DI buffer or if more bytes arrived from the UART after the transmission began If more data is pending the transmitting modem assembles a subsequent packet for transmission 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 14 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 Figure 3 4 Data Transmission Sequence gt Begin Channel Initialization De Assert TX PWR RF OUT Buffer Empty Remained Data in DI Buffer Data Received W in DI Buffer No Data in DI Buffer Send Data amp Assert TX PWR when lt 17 bytes left Collect Serial Data in Data Buffer RF OUT Buffer not complete not empty P Initialization Complete RF Data Pac
66. he same channel number since each network uses a different hopping sequence Different channels can be used to prevent modems in one network from listening to transmissions of another 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary AT Command ATFL Binary Command 0x07 7 decimal Parameter Range 0 1 Configuration Disable software flow control Enable software flow control Parameter Default Parameter Value 0 Number of bytes returned 1 AT Command ATFT Binary Command 0x24 36 decimal Parameter Range 0 Receiving modem DO buffer size minus 0x11 bytes Default Parameter Value Receiving modem DO Buffer size minus 0x11 Number of bytes returned 2 Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 27B AT Command ATGD Binary Command 0x10 16 decimal Parameter Range O OxXFFFF Default Parameter Value 0 Number of bytes returned 2 Related Commands ER Receive Error Count AT Command ATHP Binary Command 0x11 17 decimal Parameter Range 0 6 Default Parameter Value 0 Number of bytes returned 1 Related Commands DT Destination Address ID Modem VID MK Address Mask 30 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 HT Time before Wake up I nitializer Command lt lt Sleep Low Power gt If any modems within AT Command ATHT range are running in a Cyclic Sleep setting a Binary Command 0x03 3 decimal wake up initializ
67. ial Interfacing Command Mode Options Networking amp Security Serial Interfacing Networking amp Security Command Mode Options Command Mode Options Diagnostics Sleep Low Power Serial Interfacing Serial Interfacing Diagnostics Networking amp Security Sleep Low P ower Networking amp Security Serial Interfacing Sleep Low P ower Networking amp Security Networking amp Security Networking amp Security Serial Interfacing Command Mode Options Serial Interfacing Sleep Low P ower Serial Interfacing Special Networking amp Security Serial Interfacing Diagnostics Networking amp Security Diagnostics Serial Interfacing Diagnostics Serial Interfacing Diagnostics Diagnostics Sleep Low P ower Sleep Low Power Networking amp Security Serial Interfacing Diagnostics Networking amp Security Diagnostics Special NOTE AT Commands issued without a parameter value will return the currently stored parameter 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary XStream Commands The RF Modem expects numerical values in hexadecimal d denotes decimal equivalent AT Binary Bytes Factory Rm RY NO RO e rR NY BMY NF N RN e e e e N e NI e NI RR N N el FIN N NFR NIN el LN NINININ RR NO BO NRO he Ox0A 10d factory set RF data rate 0 0 Ox0A 10d 0x28 4d sec 0x2B 0 0x64 1d sec 0 0 0x03 0 0xC8 200d 0 0 0 0 vari
68. ignal level AT Command ATRT Binary Command 0x16 22 decimal Parameter Range 0 2 Parameter Configuration disabled Enable Binary Programming Enable RTS Flow Control Default Parameter Value 0 Number of bytes returned 1 AT Command ATRZ Binary Command Ox2C 44 decimal Parameter Range Read only Number of bytes returned 2 Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 30 AT Command ATSB Binary Command 0x36 54 decimal Parameter Range 0 1 Parameter Configuration 1 stop bits 2 stop bits Default Parameter Value O Number of bytes returned 1 Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 2B AT Command ATSH Binary Command 0x25 37 decimal Parameter Range 0 OxFFFF Read only Number of bytes returned 2 Related Commands SL Serial Number Low Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 27C 36 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 SL Serial Number Low Command lt Diagnostics gt Set Read the serial number low word of the modem SM Sleep Mode Command lt Sleep Mode Low Power gt SM Command is used to adjust Sleep Mode settings By default Sleep Mode is disabled and the modem remains continually active SM Command allows the modem to run in a lower power state and be configured in one of eight settings Cyclic Sleep settings wake the modem after the amount of time designated by SM Command If the modem detects a wake up initializer dur
69. in order to prevent overflow loss of data between the host and XStream RF Modem How to eliminate the need for flow control 1 Send messages that are smaller than the DI buffer size The size of the DI buffer varies according to the packet size and parity setting used 2 Interface at a lower baud rate BD Command than the fixed RF data rate Two cases in which the DI Buffer may become full and possibly overflow 1 If the serial interface data rate is set higher than the RF data rate of the modem the modem will receive data from the host faster than it can transmit the data over the air 2 If the modem is receiving a continuous stream of RF data or if the modem is monitoring data on a network any serial data that arrives on the DI pin is placed in the DI Buffer The data in the DI buffer will be transmitted over the air when the modem no longer detects RF data in the network Hardware Flow Control CTS When the DI buffer is 17 bytes away from being full by default the modem de asserts high CTS to signal to the host device to stop sending data refer to the FT Flow Control Threshold and CS DO2 Configuration commands CTS is re asserted after the DI Buffer has 34 bytes of memory available Software Flow Control XON XON XOFF software flow control can be enabled using the FL Software Flow Control Command This option only works with ASCII data DO Data Out Buffer and Flow Control When RF data is received the da
70. ing the time it is awake it will synchronize with the transmitter and start receiving data after the wake up initializer runs its duration Otherwise it returns to Sleep Mode and continue to cycle in and out of inactivity until the Wake up Initializer is detected If a Cyclic Sleep setting is chosen the ST LH and HT parameters must also be set as described in the Sleep Modes section of this manual Refer to the Sleep Mode sections p16 for more information ST Time before Sleep Command lt Sleep Mode Low Power gt ST Command sets the period of time in tenths of seconds in which the modem remains inactive before entering into Sleep Mode For example if the ST Parameter is set to 0x64 100 decimal the modem will enter into Sleep mode after 10 seconds of inactivity no transmitting or receiving This command can only be used if Cyclic Sleep or Serial Port Sleep Mode settings have been selected using SM Sleep Mode Command 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary AT Command ATSH Binary Command 0x26 38 decimal Parameter Range 0 OxFFFF Read only Number of bytes returned 2 Related Commands SH Serial Number High Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 27C AT Command ATSM Binary Command 0x01 Parameter Range 0 8 Parameter Configuration 0 Disabled 1 Pin Sleep 2 Serial Port Sleep Cyclic 0 5 second sleep 3 Modem wakes every 0 5 seconds 4 Cyclic 1 0 second sleep 5 Cyclic 2 0
71. is received in the DI Buffer Transmit Mode e Valid RF data is received through the antenna Receive Mode e Command Mode Sequence is issued Command Mode e Sleep Mode condition is met Sleep Mode After responding to any of the preceding conditions the modem automatically transitions back into Idle Mode 3 2 2 Transmit Mode When the first byte of serial data is received from the UART in the DI buffer the modem attempts to shift to Transmit Mode and initiate an RF connection with other modems After transmission is complete the modem returns to Idle Mode Note RF reception must complete before the RF transmission begins after either of the following criteria is met modem is able to enter into Transmit Mode RB bytes have been received in the DI buffer and are pending for RF transmission refer to RB Packetization Threshold command p34 The RB parameter may be set to any value between 1 and the RF packet size PK inclusive When RB Q the packetization threshold is ignored At least one character has been received in the DI buffer pending for RF transmission and RO time has been observed on the UART refer to RO Packetization Timeout command The timeout can be disabled by setting RO to zero In this case transmission will begin after RB bytes have been received in the DI buffer After either RB or RO conditions are met the modem then initializes a communications channel Channel initialization is t
72. is used to AT Command ATDR configure the DI3 Data Input 3 SLEEP line for Binary Command 0x2D 45 decimal I O line passing use with CD 1 or 2 and CO Parameter Range 0 4 or controlling connection status use with MD 1 or 2 Parameter Configuration 0 Disabled 1 DI3 I O passing enabled 2 Connect on low 3 Disconnect on high 4 Connect and Disconnect Default Parameter Value 0O Number of bytes returned 1 Related Commands CD DO3 Configuration CO DO3 Timeout MD RF Mode Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 30 DT Destination Address Command lt Networking gt DT Command is used to set the AT Command ATDT networking address of an XStream Modem XStream Modems use three filtration layers Vendor Identification Number ATID Channels Parameter Range 0 OxFFFF ATHP and Destination Addresses ATDT DT Default Parameter Value O Command assigns an address to a modem that enables it to communicate only with other lt M modems having the same addresses All modems Related Commands HP Hopping Channel ID that share the same Destination Address can Mogen ye a Coe Mek communicate freely with each other Modems in the same network with a different Destination Address than that of the transmitter will listen to all transmissions to stay synchronized but will not send any of the data out their serial ports Binary Command 0x00 Number of bytes returned 2 EO Echo Off Command lt Command Mode Options gt
73. ket The RF packet is the sequence of data used for communicating information between MaxStream Modems An RF Packet consists of an RF Initializer and RF Data Figure 3 5 RF Data Packet Components RF Packet RF Initializer RF Data _ _ When streaming multiple RF packets the RF Initializer is only sent in front of the first packet RF I nitializer An RF initializer is sent each time a new connection sequence begins The RF initializer contains channel information that notifies receiving modems of information such as the hopping pattern used by the transmitting modem The first transmission always sends an RF initializer An RF initializer can be of various lengths depending on the amount of time determined to be required to prepare a receiving modem For example a wake up initializer is a type of RF initializer used to wake remote modems from Sleep Mode Refer to the FH LH HT and SM Commands for more information The length of the wake up initializer should be longer than the length of time remote modems are in cyclic sleep Header The header contains network addressing information that filters incoming RF data The receiving modem checks for a matching Hopping Channel HP parameter Vendor Identification Number ID parameter and Destination Address DT parameter Data that does not pass through all three network filter layers is discarded CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check To verify data integrity and provide buil
74. lect parameter values from the dropdown lists that match the current parameter values of the RF modem Refer to Table 3 1 on for more information Figure 4 2 RF Modem Configurations through a Serial Cable m RS 232 cable Computer DTE RF Modem DCE Terminal Tab A terminal program has been built into the X CTU software and is located under the Terminal tab The Terminal tab provides an easy to use interface for programming the modem Multiple AT Commands Multiple AT commands can be entered on one line with one carriage return at the end of the line Each command must be delimited by a comma spaces in between are optional The AT prefix is only sent before the first command and should not be included with subsequent commands in a line System Response When a command is sent to the modem the modem will parse and execute the command Upon successful execution of a command the modem returns an OK message If execution of a command results in an error the modem returns an ERROR message 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary No No XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 EXAMPLE Restore RF Modem Defaults using the Terminal tab The following steps show how to read currently stored modem parameter values then restore the modem parameters to their factory default states Method 1 One line per command Issue AT Command System Response OK lt C
75. me full responsibility for learning and meeting the required guidelines for each country in their distribution market For more information relating to European compliance of an OEM product incorporating the 24XStream modem contact MaxStream or refer to the following web sites CEPT ERC 70 03E Technical Requirements European restrictions and general requirements Available at www ero dk R amp TTE Directive Equipment requirements placement on market Available at www ero dk 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 55 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 Notifications and Required I nformation Since the 2 4 GHz band is not harmonized throughout Europe a notification must be sent to each country prior to shipping product according to Article 6 4 of the R amp TTE Directive A list of national contacts for most European countries may be found at www ero dk The following technical data relating to the 24XStream is often required in filling out a notification form e Frequency Band 2400 0 2483 5 MHz e Modulation Frequency Shift Keying e Channel Spacing 400 kHz e ITU Classification 400KF1D e Output Power 100 mW EIRP e Notified Body Number 0891 Contact MaxStream 801 765 9885 if additional information is required Europe 2 4 GHz Approved Antenna List Table A 3 Antennas approved for use with 24XStream 2 4 GHz RF Modems in Europe ae Minimum Separation
76. ment Kit comes with several adapters that support the following functions e Performing Range Tests Serial Loopback e Connecting to other RS 232 DCE and DTE devices Male to Male NULL modem e Testing Cables Female to Female NULL modem e Connecting to terminal blocks or RJ 45 for RS 485 422 devices Serial Loopback Adapter Part Number JD2D3 CDL A Red DB 9 M F The serial loopback adapter is used for range testing During a range test the serial loopback adapter configures the radio modem to function as a repeater by looping serial data back into the radio for retransmission Figure B 1 Serial loopback adapter and pinouts Pinouts Pi P2 pin 1 pin 1 pin 2 pin 2 pin 3 pin 3 pin 4 pin 4 pin 5 pin 5 pin 6 pin amp pin 7 pin 7 pin 6 pin 8 pin 9 pin 9 NC No Connection NULL Modem Adapter male to male Part Number JD2D2 CDN A Black DB 9 M M The male to male NULL modem adapter is used to connect two DCE devices A DCE device connects with a straight through cable to the male serial port of a computer DTE Figure B 2 Male NULL modem adapter and pinouts Top View Pi Pinouts p2 P1 a P2 pin 1 6 pin 1 6 pin 4 pin 4 male J pin 2 pin 2 E E Cc F pin 3 pin 3 pin pin pin 5 pin 5 pin 5 a_i pin 1 pin 7 pin 7 pin amp pin amp Figure B 3 Example of a MaxStream Radio Modem DCE Device connecting to another DCE device sle to mal RS 232 cable gig MUL moien adao a Computer
77. mmand mode is not available when MD 1 or 2 The base is in AT command mode when not engaged in an exclusive connection with a remote No AT Command Mode sequence is needed When a base modem is connected to a remote modem the AT Command Mode sequence is used to enter AT command mode The connection with the remote is maintained Care should be taken that the CE Connection Inactivity timeout does not occur while in AT Command Mode The remote must use the AT command sequence to enter AT Command Mode When a connection exists with a base modem the connection is maintained Care must be taken that the CB Connection Duration timeout does not occur while in AT Command Mode As of firmware version 4 30 a faster method is available for entering AT Command Mode If the BT and AT parameters are set to 0 BT Guard Time Before and AT Guard Time After times are set to 6 milliseconds Beware that this will also mean that AT Command Mode cannot be entered by manually typing the AT command sequence usually because the AT time will occur faster than the characters can be typed Auto Configuration When enabling Multi Streaming Modes by setting the MD RF Mode parameter to 1 or 2 other parameter values are automatically modified to support the mode For example when the MD parameter is changed to 1 or 2 the RR parameter is changed to 0x0A hex The modification only occurs if the RR parameter is O its default before the MD comm
78. nary Command 0x33 51 decimal 0x01 OxXFFFF x 100 milliseconds Parameter Range Default Parameter Value 0x28 4d seconds Number of bytes returned 2 Related Commands CE Connection Inactivity Timeout DC Disconnect MD RF Mode Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 30 AT Command ATCC Binary Command 0x13 19 decimal Parameter Range 0x20 0x7F Default Parameter Value 0x2B ASCII sign Number of bytes returned 1 Related Commands AT Guard Time After BT Guard Time Before XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 CD DO3 Configuration Command lt Command Mode Options gt CD Command is used to redefine the behavior of the DO3 Data Output 3 RX LED line CE Connection Inactivity Timeout Command lt Networking amp Security gt Set Read the duration of inactivity that will cause a break in a connection between modems The base modem will disconnect when no payload has been transferred for the time specified by the CE parameter CF Connection Failure Count Command lt Diagnostics gt Set Read the number of times the base modem expired retries attempting to send a Connection Grant Packet Set the parameter value to zero to clear the register CL Last Connection Address Command lt Diagnostics Networking amp Security gt Read the address of the remote modem that last connected to the base modem A remote modem will return its DT De
79. ngth of the transmitted packet in milliseconds DS is the number of delay slots to wait RSSI is the received signal strength in dBm and RN is the value of the RN register Use Case Broadcast Repeater Network Consider modems R1 through R10 each communicating to a PLC using the ModBus protocol and spaced evenly in a line All ten nodes are configured as destinations amp repeaters within the scope of Basic Broadcast Communications MD 3 AM DT OxFFFF PK 0x100 RO 0x03 RB 0x100 RN 1 The Base Host BH shifts payload that is destined for R10 to R1 R1 initializes RF communication and transmits payload to nodes R2 through R5 which are all within range of R1 Modems R2 through R5 receive the RF packet and retransmit the packet simultaneously They also send the data out the serial ports to the PLC s Table 5 3 Commands used to configure repeater functions AT Binary Bytes Factory FAM OX3A 58d Auto set MY a Od Destination Address 0 OxF FFF 0x3C 60d RF Mode 3 4 0x2A 42d Source Address 0 OxFFFF OxF FFF 0x19 25d Delay Slots 0 OxFF slots 0 0x08 8d Write Bandwidth Considerations Using broadcast repeaters in a network reduces the overall network data throughput as each repeater must buffer an entire packet before retransmitting it For example if the destination is within range of the transmitter and the packet is 32 bytes long the transmission will take 72ms on a 9600 baud XStream modem much faste
80. nnector 24 2 4000 2 4835 GHz R RS 232 RS 485 422 XStream only U USB H9 923 MHz XStream only E Ethernet T Telephone 3 Throughput Data Rate 001 1200 bps XStream only 5 Accessories Package 009 9600 bps A Accessories Package specific to the Serial Interface Included 019 19200 bps XStream only blank means the accessories package is not included 038 38400 bps XCite Only blank All XTend RF Modems support 9600 amp 115200 bps software selectable 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 60 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 Contact MaxStream Free and unlimited technical support is included with every MaxStream Radio Modem sold Please use the following resources for additional support Documentation www maxstream net support downloads php Technical Support Phone 866 765 9885 toll free U S amp Canada 801 765 9885 Worldwide Live Chat www maxstream net E Mail rf xperts maxstream net MaxStream office hours are 8 00 am 5 00 pm U S Mountain Standard Time 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 61
81. nt of modem reset or power down RN Delay Slots Command retries have been enabled RR Retries command or if forced delays will be inserted into a transmission refer to TT Streaming Limit command RN Command is used to adjust the time delay that the transmitter inserts before attempting to resend a packet If the transmitter fails to receive an acknowledgement after sending a packet it will insert a random number of delay slots ranging from O to RN minus 1 before attempting to resend the packet Each delay slot lasts for a period of 38ms lt Networking gt RN Command is only applicable if AT Command ATRN Binary Command 0x19 25 decimal Parameter Range O OxFF slots Default Parameter Value O no delay slots inserted Number of bytes returned 1 Related Commands RR Retries TT Streaming Limit Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 22 If two modems attempted to transmit at the same time the random time delay after packet failure would allow one of the two modems to transmit the packet successfully while the other would wait until the channel opens up to begin transmission 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 34 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 RO Packetization Timeout Command lt Serial Interfacing gt RO Command is used to AT Command ATRO specify read the time of silence no bytes received after which transmission begins
82. odem Configuration p21 chapter 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 19 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 Binary Commands Sending and receiving parameter values using binary commands is the fastest way to change operating parameters of the XStream RF Modem Binary commands are used most often to sample signal strength RS parameter and or error counts or change modem addresses and channels for polling data systems Since the sending and receiving of register values takes place through the same serial data path as live data received RF payload interference between the two types of data can be a concern Common questions about using binary commands e What are the implications of asserting CMD while live data is being sent or received e After sending serial data is there a minimum time delay before CMD can be asserted e Is a delay required after CMD is de asserted before payload data can be sent e How does one discern between live data and data received in response to a command The CMD pin must be asserted in order to send binary commands to the RF modem The CMD pin can be asserted to recognize binary commands anytime during the transmission or reception of data The status of the CMD signal is only checked at the end of the stop bit as the byte is shifted into the serial port The application does not allow control over when data is received except by waiting for dea
83. on 0 enable 1 disable Default Parameter Value O Number of bytes returned 1 Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 30 27 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 CN Exit AT Command Mode Command lt Command Mode Options gt CN Command is used to explicitly exit AT Command Mode CO DO3 Timeout Command lt Serial Interfacing gt DO3 Data Output 3 output will return to default after no DI3 Data Input 3 status information is received during the timeout period Use with CD 1 or 2 DR 1 CS DO2 Configuration Command lt Serial Interfacing gt CS Command is used to select the behavior of the DO2 Data Output 2 pin signal This output can provide RS 232 flow control control the TX enable signal for RS 485 or RS 422 operations or set the default level for the I O line passing function By default DO2 provides RS 232 CTS Clear to Send flow control CT Command Mode Timeout Command lt Command Mode Options gt CT Command sets the amount of time before AT Command Mode terminates automatically After a CT time of inactivity the modem exits AT Command Mode and returns to Idle Mode AT Command Mode can also be exited manually using CN Exit AT Command Mode Command DC Disconnect Command lt Networking amp Security gt DC Command is used when in Multi Streaming Mode MD 1 or 2 to explicitly force the disconnection of an active exclusive connection If
84. ortable and requires an additional test performed on the final product This test is called the Specific Absorption Rate SAR testing and measures the emissions from the radio modem and how they affect the person Over 100 additional antennas have been tested and are approved for use with MaxStream 900 MHz Radio Modems including Mag Mount Dome Multi path and Panel antennas Because of the large number of approved antennas MaxStream requests that you send specific information about an antenna you would like to use with the modem and MaxStream will evaluate whether the antenna is covered under our FCC filing 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 53 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 FCC Approved Antennas Table A 1 Antennas approved for use with 9XStream 900 MHz RF Modems Manufacturer Part Number Type Gan Application Min Separation Distance ici neti O ee 0m S agi 92 Ficedoble em a A S S E S a a a E TT a cS E T 1 4 wave integrated wire gt ft Ff antenna ial el Table A 2 Antennas approved for use with 24XStream 2 4 GHz RF Modems eee Part Number Soe PAOR eae Min Distance or re E E A CT a A a E T Fre C D a a T a a a D A E a E a E a E S a A A E T E S A E D TT a E T E T A E FCC approved antennas not inventoried by MaxStream Contact MaxStream 866 765 9885 for information Can be ap
85. ostics gt Read the Firmware Version of the XStream Modem WR Write Command lt Special gt WR Command writes configurable parameters to the modem s non volatile memory Parameter values remain in the modem s AT Command ATTT Binary Command 0x1A 26 decimal Default Parameter Value OxFFFF 65535 decimal Number of bytes returned 2 Related Commands RN Delay Slots Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 22 AT Command ATVR Binary Command 0x14 20 decimal Parameter Range 0 OxFFFF Read only Number of bytes returned 2 AT Command ATWR Binary Command 0x08 memory until overwritten by future use of WR Command If changes are made without writing them to non volatile memory the modem reverts back to previously saved parameters the next time the modem is powered on 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary Parameter Range O OxFFFF 0 disabled 39 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 5 RF Communication Modes Network configurations covered in this chapter are described in terms of the following e Network Topology Point to Point Point to Multipoint or Peer to Peer e RF Communication Type Basic or Acknowledged e RF Mode Streaming Repeater Acknowledged or Multi Streaming The following table provides a summary of the network configurations supported Table 5 1 Summary of network configurations supported by the XStream RF Modem
86. packet with a stronger RF signal RSSI to have the first opportunity to retransmit the packet The RN Delay Slots parameter is used to configure this delay Set RN O no delays for small networks with few repeaters or repeaters that are not within range of each other Set RN 1 for systems with 2 to 5 repeaters that may be within range of each other The actual length of the delay is computed by the formula Delay ms L DS DS 41 RSSI 10 RN RandomiInt 0 RN Where L is the length of the transmitted packet in milliseconds DS is the number of delay slots to wait RSSI is the received signal strength in dBm RN is the value of the RN register and RandomiInt A B is a function that returns a random integer from A to B 0O 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 44 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 Response packet delay As a packet propagates through the repeater network if any node receives the data and generates a quick response the response needs to be delayed so as not to collide with subsequent retransmissions of the original packet To reduce collisions both repeater and end node radios in a repeater network will delay transmission of data shifted in the serial port to allow any repeaters within range to complete their retransmissions The time for this delay is computed by the formula Maximum Delay ms L DS DS 41 100 10 RN RN 1 Where L is the le
87. positive lead of the front power connector Inside the XStream RF Modem is an XStream OEM RF Module The names in this column refer to the pin signals of the embedded RF module XStream Commands p24 used to configure pin behaviors are named according to the pins of the module not the RS 232 connection pins 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 7 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 Wiring Diagram RS 232 DTE Device to a DCE RF Modem Figure 2 3 RS 232 DTE male connector device wired to an XStream RF Modem female connector XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RS 232 Device DTE RF Modem DCE Receive i Wiring Diagram DCE RF Modem to an RS 232 DCE Device Figure 2 4 XStream RF Modem female connector wired to an RS 232 DTE male connector device XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem DCE RS 232 Device DCE male to male NULL Modem Adapter amp TXD 3 3 3 3 TXD gt a al om V 5 YT VA VA Transmit Receive Sample Wireless Connection DTE lt gt DCE T DCE lt gt DCE Figure 2 5 Typical wireless link between DTE and DCE devices male to male oO RS 232 cable ses NULL modem adapter Computer DTE Two RF Modems DCE Target Device DCE 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 2 2 RS 485 2 wire Operation 2 2 1 DIP Swit
88. proved for portable applications if integrator gains approval through SAR testing 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 54 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 European Compliance 2 4 GHz only The 24XStream has been certified for use in several European countries For a complete list refer to http www maxstream net If the 24XStream modems are incorporated into a product the manufacturer must ensure compliance of the final product to the European harmonized EMC and low voltage safety standards A Declaration of Conformity must be issued for each of these standards and kept on file as described in Annex II of the R amp TTE Directive Furthermore the manufacturer must maintain a copy of the XStream user manual documentation and ensure the final product does not exceed the specified power ratings antenna specifications and or installation requirements as specified in the user manual If any of these specifications are exceeded in the final product a submission must be made to a notified body for compliance testing to all required standards OEM Labeling Requirements The CE marking must be affixed to a visible location on the OEM product Figure A 3 CE Labeling Requirements Taller than 5 mm
89. put will also be set low at power up A parameter value of OxFF permanently enables the PWM output and it will always reflect the value of the last received RF packet PWM output shares the Config input pin When the modem is powered the Config pin will be an input During the power up sequence the Config pin will be read to determine whether the modem is going into AT Command Mode After this if RP parameter is a non zero value the Config pin will be configured as an output and set low until the first RF packet is received With a non zero RP parameter the Config pin will be an input for RP ms after power up RR Retries Command Networking gt RR Command specifies the number AT Command ATRR of retries that can be sent for a given RF packet Once RR Command is enabled set to a non zero value RF packet acknowledgements and retries are enabled After transmitting a packet the Default Parameter Value O disabled transmitter will wait to receive an acknowledgement from a receiver If the acknowledgement is not received in the period of time specified by the RN Delay Slots Command the transmitter will transmit the original packet again The packet will be transmitted repeatedly until an acknowledgement is received or until the packet has been sent RR times Binary Command 0x18 24 decimal Parameter Range O OxFF Number of bytes returned 1 Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 22 Note For retries to work correctly all mo
90. r modems are available If that same packet has to propagate through two repeaters it will take 72ms to arrive at the first repeater another 72 ms to get to the second and a final 72ms to get to the destination for a total of 216ms Taking into account UART transfer times 1ms byte at 9600 baud a server to send a 32 byte query and receive a 32 byte response is 200ms allowing for 5 polls per second With the two repeaters in the path the same query response sequence would take about 500ms for 2 polls per second To summarize this system is sending and receiving 64 bytes 5 times per second for a throughput of 320 bytes per second with no repeaters and 128 bytes per second with 2 repeaters Generally the network throughput will decrease by a factor of 1 R 1 with R representing the number of repeaters between the source and destination Note that these numbers are absolutely worst case to illustrate how the system would perform in a typical low bandwidth system As a counter example the 115kbps 9XTend radio can transfer the same 32 byte packet in 12 ms for a round trip with UART transfer times of 30ms or 33 polls per second 1066 bytes per second with no repeaters With two repeaters the time would be 100ms round trip time for 10 polls per second or 320 bytes per second network throughput with two repeaters 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 45 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 2
91. rameters control this arbitration Base sets the DT Destination Address parameter When the base modem sets the DT Destination Address parameter an exclusive connection is immediately initiated with the remote modem that has a matching DT parameter After the DT command is sent If ATCM 1 the base modem indicates a successful connection with a CONNECT XXXX string where XXXX is the remote s address An unsuccessful connection is indicated with an ERROR string If the connection is successful the modem immediately exits AT Command Mode and data can be sent to and received from the connected remote modem If an error is returned the modem stays in AT Command Mode If a base is connected to a remote when the DT command is executed the current connection is disconnected before a new connection is created DI3 pin pin 2 SLEEP is asserted set low Both base and remote modems can create a connection defined by the current DT Destination Address parameter when the DI3 pin is asserted driven high DR DI3 Configuration Command is used to establish this mode If a remote asserts DI3 a connection request will be sent when no connection is active If the base asserts DI3 a connection will immediately be established with the remote after any connection Initiating a Disconnection To disconnect the base modem sends a DGP disconnect grant packet A remote modem can only request a disconnect The following conditions cause a
92. rate in this mode otherwise the pin is ignored Once in Pin Sleep Mode DO2 CTS is de asserted high indicating that data should not be sent to the modem The PWR pin is also de asserted low when the modem is in Pin Sleep Mode Note The modem will complete a transmission or reception before activating Pin Sleep Serial Port Sleep SM 2 Serial Port Sleep is a Sleep Mode in which the XStream Modem runs in a low power state until serial data is detected on the DI pin When Serial Port Sleep is enabled the modem goes into Sleep Mode after a user defined period of inactivity no transmitting or receiving of data This period of time is determined by ST Time before Sleep Command Once a character is received through the DI pin the modem returns to Idle Mode and is fully operational Cyclic Sleep SM 3 8 Cyclic Sleep is the Sleep Mode in which the XStream Modem enters into a low power state and awakens periodically to determine if any transmissions are being sent When Cyclic Sleep settings are enabled the XStream Modem goes into Sleep Mode after a user defined period of inactivity no transmission or reception on the RF channel The user defined period is determined by ST Time before Sleep Command While the modem is in Cyclic Sleep Mode DO2 CTS is de asserted high to indicate that data should not be sent to the modem during this time When the modem awakens to listen for data DO2 is asserted and any data received on t
93. receding packet s and they remain synchronized for the duration of the transmission event Each retransmission of a packet includes an RF initializer Once the transmitting modem has sent all pending data or has reached the TT limit the acknowledged transmission event is completed The transmitting modem will not transmit again for exactly RN delay slots if the local RN parameter is set to a nonzero value The receiving modem will not transmit for a random number of delay slots between 0 and RN 1 if the local RN parameter is set to a nonzero value These delays are intended to lessen congestion following long bursts of packets from a single transmitting modem during which several receiving modems may have themselves become ready to transmit 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 47 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 5 3 2 Multi Streaming Mode Characteristics Enables exclusive connections refer to Theory of Operation section for definition Supports the passing of large data streams gt 256 bytes from multiple remote modems to a base modem If a complete data stream from a remote modem is less than 256 bytes data can be sent from several remotes to a base location without enabling this mode and latencies will be much less Transmissions never acknowledged ACK by receiving modem s Required Parameter Values TX Modem MD 1 Base MD 2 Remote RN gt 0 RR gt
94. s device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Antenna Usage Antenna Warning A WARNING This device has been tested with Reverse Polarity SMA connectors with the antennas listed in Tables A 1 amp A 2 of Appendix A When integrated in OEM products fixed antennas require installation preventing end users from replacing them with non approved antennas Antennas not listed in the tables must be tested to comply with FCC Section 15 203 unique antenna connectors and Section 15 247 emissions RF Exposure A WARNING This equipment is approved only for mobile and base station transmitting devices separation distances of i 20 centimeters or more for antennas with gains lt 6 dBi or ii 2 meters or more for antennas with gains 6 dBi should be maintained between the antenna of this device and nearby persons during operation To ensure compliance operation at distances closer than this is not recommended The preceding statement must be included as a CAUTION statement in manuals for OEM products to alert users on FCC RF Exposure compliance MaxStream radio modems are pre FCC approved for use in fixed base station and mobile applications As long as the antenna is mounted at least 20 cm 8 in from nearby persons the application is considered a mobile application If the antenna will be mounted closer than 20 cm to nearby persons then the application is considered p
95. stination Address parameter CM Connection Message Command lt Networking amp Security gt Select whether base sends connect messages to the host when a connection is established When enabled a CONNECTXXXxX string is sent to the host of the base modem XXXX is the MY Source Address of the connected remote modem 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary AT Command ATCD Binary Command 0x28 40 decimal Parameter Range 0 2 Parameter Configuration 0 RX LED 1 Default high 2 Default low 3 reserved 4 Assert only when packet addressed to modem sent Default Parameter Value O Number of bytes returned 1 Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 2B AT Command ATCE Binary Command 0x34 52 decimal O OxFFFF x 10 milliseconds Parameter Range Default Parameter Value 0x64 1d second Number of bytes returned 2 Related Commands CB Connection Duration Timeout DC Disconnect MD RF Mode Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 30 AT Command ATCF Binary Command 0x35 53 decimal O OXFFFF Default Parameter Value O Parameter Range Number of bytes returned 2 Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 30 AT Command ATCL Binary Command 0x39 57 decimal O OxFFFF read only Number of bytes returned 2 Parameter Range Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 30 AT Command ATCM Binary Command 0x38 56 decimal Parameter Range 0 1 Parameter Configurati
96. t and read using the X CTU Terminal tab Non standard rates are not accessible through the Modem Configuration tab When the BD command is sent with a non standard interface data rate the UART will adjust to accommodate the requested interface rate In most cases the clock resolution will cause the stored BD parameter to vary from the parameter that was sent refer to the table below Reading the BD command send ATBD command without an associated parameter value will return the value that was actually stored to the BD register Table 4 2 Parameter Sent vs Parameter Stored a E e E p15 200 a Se 1 200 115 200 1B207 No nN 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 BK Serial Break Passing Command lt Serial Interfacing gt Pass a serial break condition on the DI pin to the DO pin of another modem BO Serial Break Timeout Command lt Serial Interfacing gt DO pin will return to default after no serial break status information is received during the timeout period Use with BK parameter 1 BT Guard Time Before Command lt Command Mode Options gt BT Command is used to set the DI pin silence time that must precede the command sequence character CC Command of the AT Command Mode Sequence Refer to the AT Commands section p19 to view the default AT Command Mode sequence CB Connection Dura
97. t in error checking a 16 bit CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check is computed for the transmitted data and attached to the end of each RF packet On the receiving end the receiving modem computes the CRC on all incoming RF data Received data that has an invalid CRC is discarded Refer to the Receive Mode section next page 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 15 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 3 2 3 Receive Mode If the modem detects RF data while in Idle Mode the modem transitions into Receive Mode to receive RF packets Once a packet is received the modem checks the CRC to ensure that the data was transmitted without error If the CRC data bits on the incoming packet are invalid the packet is discarded If the CRC is valid the packet proceeds to the DO Buffer The modem returns to Idle Mode when valid RF data is Receive detected in the received RF data Header Figure 3 6 Data Reception Sequence eng a ae a oe C Detected Nios No Data vines Invalid Vid Refer to the Addressing section p41 of the Dahad y Check channel number gt ATHP Inwvadid i Channel Assert RX LED If ATCO 0 Invalid CRC De Assert RX LED RX Recah Check CRE Sleep Modes enable the XStream Modem to operate at minimal power consumption when not in use Three Sleep Mode options are available RF Communication Modes chapter for more information PE gt
98. ta enters the DO buffer and is then sent out the serial port to a host device Once the DO Buffer reaches capacity any additional incoming RF data is lost Two cases in which the DO Buffer may become full and possibly overflow If the RF data rate is set higher than the interface data rate of the modem the modem will receive data from the transmitting modem faster than it can send the data to the host If the host does not allow the modem to transmit data out from the DO buffer because of being held off by hardware or software flow control Hardware Flow Control RTS If RTS is enabled for flow control RT Parameter 2 data will not be sent out the DO Buffer as long as RTS is de asserted Software Flow Control XOFF XON XOFF software flow control can be enabled using the FL Software Flow Control Command This option only works with ASCII data 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 13 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 3 2 Modes of Operation XStream RF Modems operate in five modes Fa Figure 3 3 XStream Modes of Operation vanes Modem can only be in one mode at a time kS 3 Fi Receive Mode 3 2 1 Idle Mode When not receiving or transmitting data the modem is in Idle Mode The modem uses the same amount of power in Idle Mode as it does in Receive Mode The modem shifts into the other modes of operation under the following conditions e Serial data
99. tary 50 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 Sleep Modes and Connections Cyclic sleep can be used with the remote modems to conserve power ST Time before Sleep Parameter defines how long after a disconnect a remote will stay awake A modem is not allowed to enter sleep mode when it is engaged in a connection A modem will wake as defined by SM parameter and check for an RF message If a message is detected the modem will stay awake only if the message is a connect message from the base for this modem DI3 pin 2 wake up can be used to wake a remote modem Usually the connection on DI3 should also be enabled so that a connection is established on wake up NOTE The ST Time Before Sleep time must be set long enough to account for the time it could take to make a connection if several remote modems get a connection before a remote s ST times out Pin sleep can also be used with a remote modem A modem will not be allowed into pin sleep while a connection is active Usually the connection on DI3 DR 4 should also be enabled so that a connection is established on wakeup Pin wake up could also be used to scan for a connection at an interval not defined by the cyclic sleep modes I O Passing and Connections I O lines can be passed between a remote and base modem by enabling I O line passing see the RT DR CD CO CS BK BO commands When a connection is not active the output lines on the
100. th the full extent of MaxStream s warranties regarding the Product Repair or replacement at MaxStream s option is the exclusive remedy THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED AND MAXSTREAM SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE IN NO EVENT SHALL MAXSTREAM ITS SUPPLIERS OR LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES IN EXCESS OF THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE PRODUCT FOR ANY LOSS OF USE LOSS OF TIME INCONVENIENCE COMMERCIAL LOSS LOST PROFITS OR SAVINGS OR OTHER INCIDENTAL SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT TO THE FULL EXTENT SUCH MAY BE DISCLAIMED BY LAW SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES THEREFOR THE FOREGOING EXCLUSIONS MAY NOT APPLY IN ALL CASES This warranty provides specific legal rights Other rights which vary from state to state may also apply Ordering Information Figure C 1 MaxStream RF Modem Part Numbers Key PETE Hittite O Q qo 0 gO Divisions of the MaxStream PKG RF Modem part numbers G MaxStream Product Family 4 Operating Temperature XC XCite PKC Commercial 0 to 70 C X XStream PKI Industrial 40 to 85 C Embedded RF Module is Conformal Coated XT XTend PKT Tested Industrial 40 to 85 C Embedded RF Module is Conformal Coated amp 100 tested 2 Operating Frequency 09 902 928 MHz s Serial Interface Co
101. the time specified by ST on the receiving modem guarantees that all receivers will detect the next transmission ID Modem VID Command lt Networking gt Set Read the Vendor AT Command ATID Identification Number Only modems with Binary Command 0x27 39 decimal matching IDs can communicate with each other i Parameter Range user settable Modems with non matching VIDs will not receive 0x10 Ox7EFFF unintended data transmission Factory set and read only 0x8000 OxFFFF Number of bytes returned 2 Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 2B Previous versions did not support user settable VIDs IU DI2 DI3 Update Timer Command lt Serial Interfacing gt Set Read the interval at AT Command ATIU which the status of DI2 DI3 and Break is Binary Command 0x3B 59 decimal transmitted Additionally status is transmitted whenever there is a transition A setting of 0 disables periodic update DI2 or DI3 passing must be enabled for the update to take place Number of bytes returned 2 Related Commands BK Serial Break Passing BO Serial Break Timeout CO DO3 Timeout DR Disconnect RT DI2 Configuration TO DO2 Timeout Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 30 Parameter Range O OxFFFF x 100 ms Default Parameter Value OxOA 10 decimal 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 31 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 LH Wake up I niti
102. tion Timeout Command lt Networking amp Security gt Set Read the maximum amount of time an exclusive connection between a base and remote modem in a point to multipoint network is sustained The remote modem will disconnect when this timeout expires CC Command Sequence Character Command lt Command Mode Options gt CC Command is used to set the ASCII character to be used between Guard Times of the AT Command Mode Sequence BT CC AT The AT Command Mode Sequence activates AT Command Mode from Idle Mode Refer to the AT Commands section p19 to view the default AT Command Mode sequence 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary AT Command ATBK Binary Command Ox2E 46 decimal Parameter Range 0 1 Parameter Configuration 0 disable 1 enable Default Parameter Value 0 Number of bytes returned 1 Related Commands BO Serial Break Timeout Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 30 AT Command ATBO Binary Command 0x30 48 decimal O OxFFFF x 1 second Default Parameter Value O Parameter Range Number of bytes returned 2 Related Commands BK Serial Break Passing Minimum Firmware Version Required 4 30 AT Command ATBT Binary Command 0x04 4 decimal Parameter Range 2 OXFFFF x 100 milliseconds Default Parameter Value OxOA 10 decimal Number of bytes returned 2 Related Commands AT Guard Time After CC Command Sequence Character AT Command ATCB Bi
103. tpone transmissions until the base modem sends notification that the exclusive connection has ended Figure 5 7 Sample Connection Sequence Diagram CRP Connection Request Packet CGP Connection Grant Packet crp lt Pavload DRP Disconnect Request Packet not Ack l shown in diagram applicable when a CGP Em gt remote connection is disconnected using the pin sleep I O line DGP Disconnect Grant Packet Hostm Remote m Km Base Remote n Kkn Hast n Payload gt CRP Time ACK __ Exclusive Pavioad Connection with Rm l ace ACK Acknowledgement of reception Base modem The central transmitting receiving modem in a network lt __ ________ CRP of modems that maintains communications with remote modems a DCP Rm Exclusive Remote modem A modem in a network i CGP Rn _Exelusive PETTE that sends data to and receives data from a with Kri base modem Payload Data contained inside the RF Data of the RF Packet that originates from a host to be transmitted over the air In the connection sequence above an exclusive connection is first granted to Remote m The CGP Connection Grant Packet is broadcast to all remote modems in the network to communicate the base in engaged in an exclusive connection Upon receipt of the CGP notification remote modems will wait for a DGP Disconnect Grant Packet befor
104. twork repeats each message among all available nodes exactly one time This mechanism eliminates the need for configuring specific routes The network is self organizing and self healing so that the system is able to receive transmissions in the event of a modem going down Figure 5 5 Sample Repeater Network Topology h 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 43 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 Repeater Network Configuration A network may consist of End Nodes EN End Repeater Nodes ERN and a Base Node BN The base node initiates all communications The repeater network can be configured to operate using Basic Broadcast or Basic Addressed communications The addressing capabilities of the modems allow integrators to send a packet as a global packet DT OxFFFF and shift out of every radio in the network Basic Broadcast Alternatively the packet can be sent with a specific DT Destination Address parameter so that it is only accepted by a specific remote node Basic Addressed Configuration Instruction Basic Broadcast Communications Assign each radio modem a unique MY source address The AM Auto set MY command will configure a unique source address that is based on modem serial number Enable Basic Broadcast Communications DT OxFFFF or Addressed Broadcast Communications ATDT specifies a specific destination Configure PK RO and RB to ensure that RF p
105. ud rates however non standard baud rates are also supported Note If the serial data rate is set to exceed the fixed RF data rate of the modem CTS flow control may need to be implemented in the Flow Control section p13 of this manual Non standard I nterface Data Rates When parameter values outside the range of standard baud rates are sent the closest interface data rate represented by the number is stored in the AT Command ATAM Binary Command 0x3A 58 decimal Minimum firmware version required 4 30 13 0 of the serial number in that order AT Command ATAT Binary Command 0x05 5 decimal Parameter Range 0x02 OxFFFF x 100 milliseconds Number of bytes returned 2 Default Parameter Value OxOA 10 decimal Related Commands BT Guard Time Before CC Command Sequence Character AT Command ATBD Binary Command 0x15 21 decimal Parameter Range Standard baud rates 0 6 Non standard baud rates Ox7D OxFFFF BAUD bps Configuration 0 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 6 57600 Number of bytes returned 2 Default Parameter Value Set to equal to modem s factory set RF data rate Minimum firmware version required 4 2B Parameter v BB Ww N Custom baud rates not previously supported BD register For example a rate of 19200 bps can be set by sending the following command line ATBD4B00 NOTE When using MaxStream s X CTU Software non standard interface data rates can only be se
106. ult Parameter Value Baud Serial Data Rate 9600 bps or 19200 baud Factory set RF data rates Number of Data Bits 8 NB parameter 0 Parity None NB parameter 0 Number of Stop Bits 1 NB parameter 0 Both the XStream RF Modem and host PC settings can be viewed and adjusted using MaxStream s proprietary X CTU Software Use the PC Settings tab to configure host settings Use the Terminal or Modem Configuration tabs to configure the RF Modem settings Refer to the RF Modem Configuration sections for more information p21 2006 MaxStream Inc Confidential amp Proprietary 12 XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Product Manual v5 x00 2006 02 24 3 1 3 Flow Control Figure 3 2 Internal Data Flow Diagram The five most commonly used pin signals are shown Processor DO RF RX f DI Data In Buffer and Flow Control RF Switch ete Antenna Port Interference Filter all When serial data enters the XStream Modem through the DI Pin then the data is stored in the DI Buffer until it can be transmitted When the RO parameter threshold is satisfied refer to Transmit Mode p14 and Command Descriptions p25 sections for more information the modem attempts to initialize an RF connection If the modem is already receiving RF data the serial data is stored in the modem s DI Buffer If the DI buffer becomes full hardware or software flow control must be implemented
107. ure 2 14 XStream RF Modem in an RS 485 4 wire environment XStream PKG R RS 232 485 RF Modem Termination Resistor lf enabled RS 422 Device Transmit Data Receive Data Termination Resistor lf enabled Receive Data Transmit RS 485 422 Connection Guidelines The RS 485 422 protocol provides a solution for wired communications that can tolerate high noise and push signals over long cable lengths RS 485 422 signals can communicate as far as 4000 feet 1200 m RS 232 signals are suitable for cable distances up to 100 feet 30 5 m RS 485 offers multi drop capability in which up to 32 nodes can be connected The RS 422 protocol is used for point to point communications Suggestions for integrating the XStream Modem with the RS 485 422 protocol When using Ethernet twisted pair cabling Select wires so that T and T are connected to each wire in a twisted pair Likewise select wires so that R and R are connected to a twisted pair For example tie the green and white green wires to T and T For straight through Ethernet cable not cross over cable The following wiring pattern works well Pin3 to T Pin4 to R Pin5 to R Pin6 to T Note that the connecting cable only requires 4 wires even though there are 8 wires When using phone cabling RJ 11 Pin2 in the cable maps to Pin3 on opposite end of cable and Pini maps to Pin4 respectively Figure 2 15 Male yellow DB 9 to RJ 45 Adapt

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