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Garmin GTX 330D GPS Receiver User Manual

1. 32 TAWS Page 32 Inhibit Mode 33 External TAWS Inhibit Control 34 TAWS Manual Test 34 TAWS Symbols 35 General Database Information 36 Database Versions 36 Database Updates 37 Terrain Obstacle Database Areas of Coverage 37 Section 3 TAWS Alerts 38 Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance 38 Premature Descent Alerting PDA 39 Excessive Descent Rate Alert EDR 40 Negative Climb Rate After Takeoff Alert NCR 41 Five Hundred Aural Alert 42 TAWS Not Available Alert 42 TAWS Failure Alert 42 TAWS Alert
2. 12 Weather Product Age 13 XM NEXRAD Weather 13 NEXRAD Intensity 14 NEXRAD Abnormalities 15 NEXRAD U S and Canadian Coverage 15 NEXRAD Limitations 16 XM Weather METARs 16 Textual METAR Page 17 Textual METAR TAF Code 19 TAF Page 19 TFR Information 19 Lightning LTNG 20 Cell Movement CELL MOVE 21 Winds Aloft 22 Winds Aloft Altitude 23 Section 3 XM AUX Pages 23 XM Information Page 23 XM WX Timestamps
3. 6 Traffic Page Display Range 6 Map Page 7 Configuring TIS Traffic Data on the Map Page 7 Highlighting TIS Traffic Using Map Page Panning 8 Section 3 TIS Operational Procedures 9 Introduction 9 Power Up Test 9 Manual Override 10 Flight Procedures 10 After Landing 10 Part Two XM Radio 11 Section 1 Introduction 11 Overview 11 XM Radio Pages 11 XM NAV Pages 11 XM WPT Pages 12 XM AUX Pages 12 Section 2 XM Weather
4. 24 Section 4 XM Audio 25 XM Audio Menu 27 Add to Presets List 27 Enter Channel Number 28 Display Channel In List 28 Display Artist In List 29 Display Title In List 29 Enable Mute Audio Output 30 Change Volume 30 Part Three TAWS Interface 31 Section 1 Introduction 31 Overview 31 Operating Criteria 31 Limitations 31 Section 2 TAWS Operation 32 TAWS Alerting 32 Baro Corrected Altitude 32 Power Up
5. Negative Climb Rate NCR Alert Criteria 190 00356 30 Rev F 42 Part Three Section 3 TAWS Alerts Five Hundred Aural Alert The purpose of the aural alert message Five Hun dred is to provide an advisory alert to the pilot that the aircraft is five hundred feet above terrain When the aircraft descends within 500 feet of terrain the aural message Five hundred is generated There are no display annunciations or pop up alerts that accompany the aural message TAWS Not Available Alert Garmin TAWS requires a 3 D GPS navigation solu tion along with specific vertical accuracy minimums Should the navigation solution become degraded or if the aircraft is out of the database coverage area the an nunciation TER N A is generated in the annunciation window When the GPS signal is re established and the aircraft is within the database coverage area the TER N A annunciation is removed TERRAIN NOT AVAILABLE Display TAWS Failure Alert TAWS continually monitors several system critical items such as database validity hardware status and GPS status If the terrain obstacle database is not avail able the aural message TAWS System Failure is issued along with the TER FAIL annunciation Figure 13 11 TAWS FAILED Display TAWS Alert Summary The aural alert voice gender is configurable to be either male or female Also there are different alert text phras
6. secondary surveillance radar similar to the ATCRBS TIS operation may be intermittent during turns or other maneuvering TIS is dependent on two way line of sight communication between the aircraft and the Mode S radar Whenever the structure of the client aircraft comes between the transponder antenna usually located on the underside of the air craft and the ground based radar antenna the signal may be temporarily interrupted Other limitations and anomalies associated with TIS are described in the AIM Section 1 3 5 Garmin is not responsible for Mode S geo graphical coverage Operation of the ground stations is the responsibility of the FAA Refer to the Aeronautical Information Manual for a Terminal Mode S Radar Site Map covering the U S NOTE TIS will be unavailable at low altitudes in many areas of the U S particularly in mountainous regions Also when flying near the floor of radar coverage in a particular area intruders below the client aircraft may not be detected by TIS TIS information is collected one radar scan prior to the scan during which the uplink occurs Therefore the surveillance information is approximately five seconds old In order to present the intruders in a real time position the TIS ground station uses a predic tive algorithm in its tracking software This algorithm uses track history data to extrapolate intruders to their expected positions consistent with t
7. Turn the small right knob to change to CELL MOVE and press that small right knob again to bring down the cursor stop the highlighting and retain the CELL MOVE selection To view XM Weather Cell Movement details 1 While viewing the XM Weather page with Cell Movement active activate the Map Pointer by pressing the MENU key highlighting Show Map Pointer and press ENT 2 Turn the large right knob to move the cursor left and right Turn the small right knob to move the cursor up and down 3 Move the cursor into the Cell Movement sym bol to vew details about the Cell 190 00356 30 Rev F 22 Part Two Section 3 XM Weather Winds Aloft The Winds Aloft selection provides the pilot with a graphic display of predicted winds at any one of 15 selectable altitudes The winds at a given altitude are selected in the Winds Aloft Alt selection The selected altitude is shown along with the product effective time Winds Aloft predictions are updated every hour and are made available via the GDL 69 69A at a more frequent interval The display includes Wind barbs representing wind speed and direction The selected altitude The effective time for the prediction Winds Aloft are represented by meteorological symbols known as wind barbs A wind barb consists of an arrow like line that indicates the direction in which the wind is blowing with marks barbs along one side of th
8. A test failure is also annunciated for TAWS as shown in the TAWS Alert Summary table TAWS Page The TAWS Page is in the NAV group of pages see the 500W Series Pilot s Guide for detailed information regarding page groups and pages The TAWS Page 190 00356 30 Rev F 33 Part Three Section 2 TAWS Operation To display the TAWS Page select the NAV group and turn the small right knob until the TAWS Page is displayed Terrain information aircraft ground track and GPS derived MSL altitude are displayed on the page Altitude is shown in increments of 20 feet or in increments of 10 meters depending on unit configuration The G to right of the MSL altitude display reminds the pilot that altitude is GPS derived The TAWS Page has two selectable view settings 120 Viewing Angle on the TAWS Page 360 View View from above aircraft depicting surrounding terrain on all sides 120 View View of terrain ahead of and 60 to either side of the aircraft flight path NOTE The TAWS Page gives a Track Up display orientation as indicated by the TRK label shown on the display This is the only orientation available for the TAWS Page To display a 120 view 1 Select the TAWS Page and press MENU Select View 120 2 Press ENT The TAWS Page displays the 120 view To change to a 360 view repeat step 1 select View 360 and press ENT Seven display ranges are avail
9. Inhibit Terrain is selected by default 2 Press ENT The PDA FLTA alerts are inhibited The annunciation is displayed in the terrain annunciator field whenever terrain is inhibited To enable PDA and FLTA alerts 1 Select the TAWS Page and press MENU Enable Terrain is selected by default 2 Press ENT The PDA FLTA alerts are functional again External TAWS Inhibit Control An optional installation is allowed for providing an external TAWS Inhibit switch Pressing the external TAWS Inhibit switch toggles the TAWS inhibit on and off in the same manner as using the Page Menu selec tion TAWS Manual Test Garmin TAWS provides a manual test capability which verifies the proper operation of the aural and visual annunciations of the system prior to a flight Test Terrain selection To manually test the TAWS system 1 Select the TAWS Page and press MENU 2 Select the Test Terrain option 3 Press ENT to confirm the selection An aural message is played giving the test results TAWS System Test OK if the system passes the test TAWS System Failure if the system fail the test NOTE TAWS System Testing is disabled when ground speed exceeds 30 knots so as not to impede TAWS alerting 190 00356 30 Rev F 35 Part Three Section 2 TAWS Operation TAWS Symbols The symbols and colors in the following figure and table are used to represent obstacles and potent
10. WARNING Terrain data are obtained from third party sources Garmin is not able to independently verify the accuracy of this data which should be used only as an aid for situational awareness Terrain data must not be used as the sole basis for deci sions or maneuvers to avoid terrain or obstacles Terrain data must not be used for navigation CAUTION Use the 400W 500W Series Units at your own risk To reduce the risk of unsafe operation carefully review and understand all aspects of the Owner s Manual and the Flight Manual Supplement and thoroughly practice basic operation prior to actual use CAUTION The Global Positioning System is operated by the United States government which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment Although Garmin 400W 500W Series Units are precision electronic NAVigation AIDS NAVAID any NAVAID can be misused or misinterpreted and therefore become unsafe CAUTION Use the Weather Data Link Interface TIS TAWS and TERRAIN at your own risk To reduce the risk of unsafe opera tion thoroughly practice basic operation prior to actual use When in actual use carefully compare indications from the Garmin unit to all available navigation sources including the information from other NAVAIDS visual sightings charts etc For safety always resolve any discrepancies before continuing navigation The GPS altit
11. reprogramming or replacing the database card and inserting the updated card in the right card slot on the unit front panel The terrain obstacle database may be downloaded via the internet and the card repro grammed using a USB programmer available from Garmin Contact Garmin at 800 800 1020 or at www garmin com for more information To update your terrain obstacle databases 1 Acquire a new terrain data card from Garmin 2 Turn off the power to the 500W Series unit 3 Remove the old terrain data card and insert the new card into the right most slot of the 500W Series unit 4 Turn on the 500W Series unit and verify that the TAWS system passes self test Terrain Obstacle Database Areas of Coverage The following describes the area of coverage avail able in each database Regional definitions may change without notice Database Coverage Area Worldwide WW Latitudes N75 to S60 Longitudes W180 to E180 United States US Limited to the United States plus some areas of Canada Mexico Caribbean and the Pacific US Europe Alaska Austria Belgium Canada Caribbean Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hawaii Iceland Ireland Italy Latvia Lithuania Mexico Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Slovakia Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United States Indicates partial coverage NOTE Obstacles 200 feet and higher are included in the Obstacle D
12. 30 Rev F 28 Part Two Section 4 XM Audio Enter Channel Number You may directly select a specific channel by using the Enter Channel Number item from the Page Menu 1 While viewing the XM Audio page press the MENU key Turn the large right knob to highlight Enter Channel Number 2 Turn the large right knob to move the highlight and the small right knob to select a number 3 Press the ENT key to make a selection The selected channel will now play and is dis played in the window at the bottom of the display Display Channel In List Channels can be shown in a list of channels in the middle pane by using the Display Channel In List item from the Page Menu 1 While viewing the XM Audio page press the MENU key Turn the large right knob to highlight Display Channel In List 2 Press the ENT key 190 00356 30 Rev F 29 Part Two Section 4 XM Audio Display Artist In List The name of the artists in the range of displayed channels can be shown in the middle pane by using the Display Artist In List item from the Page Menu 1 While viewing the XM Audio page press the MENU key Turn the large right knob to highlight Display Artist In List 2 Press the ENT key Display Title In List The Titles of the songs in the range of displayed channels can be shown in the middle pane by using the Display Title In List item from the Page Menu 1 While viewing t
13. Furthermore the GPS position and GPS MSL altitude are used to calculate and predict the aircraft s flight path in relation to the surrounding terrain and obstacles In this manner TAWS can provide advanced alerts of predicted dangerous terrain conditions Detailed alert modes are described later in this section Baro Corrected Altitude Baro corrected altitude or indicated altitude is de rived by adjusting the altimeter setting for local atmo spheric conditions The most accurate baro corrected altitude can be achieved by frequently updating the altimeter setting to the nearest reporting station along the flight path However because actual atmosphere conditions seldom match the standard conditions defined by the International Standard Atmosphere ISA model where pressure temperature and lapse rates have fixed values it is common for the baro cor rected altitude as read from the altimeter to differ from the GPS MSL altitude This variation results in the aircraft s true altitude differing from the baro cor rected altitude Power Up During power up of the 500W Series unit the terrain obstacle database versions are displayed along with a disclaimer to the pilot At the same time TAWS self test begins TAWS gives the following aural messages upon test completion TAWS System Test OK if the system passes the test TAWS System Failure if the system fails the test
14. Part Two Section 2 3 Press ENT The first item is the pop up Page Menu will be Review TFR 4 Press ENT again to see the TFR Information page 5 Press ENT when done viewing the TFR Informa tion page The fields of the TFR Information page are as fol lows Type A brief description of the reason for the temporary flight restriction appears here Some examples of the text that might appear here are Fire Miscellaneous National Security Area Natural Disaster and Sports Event Facility NOTAM This filed contains a code for the name of the FAA facility that issued the NOTAM Notice to Airmen announcing the TFR followed by the NOTAM number For instance ZSE 6 9507 would mean NOTAM number 6 9507 from the Seattle ARTCC KZSE NOTE The full text of the NOTAM may be obtained from a local FSS or from the FAA web site using the contents of this field as a reference to locate the particular NOTAM However the information shown on the TFR Information page is sufficient to let you comply with the Temporary Flight Restriction by avoiding the affected area Active Time This field is for the beginning and ending times of the temporary flight restriction It may be blank in which case the TFR is active until further notice Vert Limits This field gives the upper and lower limits of the airspace to which the TFR applies Lightning LTNG When enab
15. Weather almost complete coverage of the continental United States Alaska and Hawaii The unobstructed range of each NEXRAD is up to 250 nautical miles When enabled composite data from all the NEXRAD radar sites in the United States is shown This data are composed of the maximum reflectivity from the individual radar sweeps Canadian radar may also be displayed The display is color coded to indi cate the weather level severity Information about with sites are operational or off line is also available To display NEXRAD weather on the Map page 1 With the Map page second page of the NAV page group displayed press the MENU key The Page Menu for the Map page appears NEXRAD is also available on the Nav 1 page of the 500W series 2 Turn the large right knob to highlight Display US NEXRAD or Display CN NEXRAD and then press ENT If Hide US NEXRAD or Hide CN NEXRAD appears NEXRAD radar data are already enabled just press MENU again to exit the Page Menu NOTE US and Canadian radar may not be displayed simultaneously To display NEXRAD weather on the XM Weather page 1 With the XM Weather page the third page of the NAV page group displayed look at the upper left corner of the page Under the page title XM Weather either NEXRAD US NEXRAD CN or another weather product appears If the word is NEXRAD US or NEXRAD CN do nothing NEXRAD weather is
16. displayed at those airports that have METARs above a certain severity level If there are no colored flags visible you may have to search a wider area zoom out with the RNG key before you see some METAR flags To display the METAR Legend 1 Press the MENU key to display the Page Menu 2 Turn the large or small right knob to select Display legend 3 Press ENT to display the METAR symbols legend Press the CLR key to remove the METAR Symbols legend XM Weather METAR Symbols VFR Ceiling gt 3000 ft and visibility gt 5 statute miles Cyan MVFR Marginal VFR Ceil ing 1000 to 3000 ft and or visibility 3 to 5 statute miles Green IFR Ceiling 500 to 1000 ft and or visibility 1 to 3 statute miles Yellow LIFR Low IFR Ceiling less than 500 ft and or visibility less than 1 statute mile Magenta Textual METAR Page When the GDL 69 69A is installed a Textual METAR page is added among the APT airport pages of the WPT page group This page can be accessed from the XM Weather page as well as from the WPT page group To display Textual METARs from the Nav XM Weather page 1 While viewing the Nav XM Weather page press the MENU key to display the Page Menu 2 Turn the large or small right knob to high light Show Map Pointer and then press ENT 190 00356 30 Rev F 18 Part Two Section 2 XM Weather 3 Turn the large or small right knob to move the Map Pointer
17. is a useful aid to visual traffic avoidance it has some system limitations that must be fully understood to ensure proper use Many of these limitations are inherent in secondary radar surveillance In other words the information provided by TIS will be no better than that provided to ATC CAUTION Garmin would like to remind pilots flying with GDL 69 69A equipped aircraft that TFRs are only advisory and are not a replacement for a thorough preflight briefing on TFR times and locations Always confirm TFR data through official sources and contact your Flight Service Station for interpretation of TFR data 190 00356 30 Rev F ii Introduction Table of Contents Table of Contents Part One Traffic Information Service TIS Interface 1 Section 1 TIS Operation and Symbology 1 TIS Operation 1 How TIS differs from TCAS 2 TIS Limitations 2 Improving TIS 3 TIS Symbology 3 Section 2 Control and Display 5 TIS Traffic Display Status and Pilot Response 5 Traffic Page
18. 400W 500W Series Garmin Optional Displays Pilot s Guide Addendum For GDL 69 69A XM Satellite Datalink GTX 330 330D TIS Garmin TAWS GPS 500W amp GNS 530W Foreward This Pilot s Guide Addendum is written for Garmin GPS 400W GNC 420W 420AW and GNS 430W 430AW Main System Software Version 2 00 3 00 3 30 or later Garmin GPS 500W amp GNS 530W 530AW Main System Software Version 2 00 3 00 3 30 or later GTX 330 330D Main Software Version 4 05 GDL 69 69A Main Software Version 3 02 or later Some differences in operation may be observed when comparing the information in this manual to earlier or later software versions 2009 Garmin Ltd or its subsidiaries All Rights Reserved Garmin International Inc 1200 East 151st Street Olathe KS 66062 U S A Tel 913 397 8200 or 800 800 1020 Fax 913 397 8282 Garmin AT Inc 2345 Turner Rd S E Salem Oregon 97302 U S A Tel 503 581 8101 Fax 503 364 2138 Garmin Europe Ltd Liberty House Bulls Copse Road Hounsdown Business Park Southhampton SO40 9RB U K Tel 44 0 870 850 1243 Fax 44 0 238 052 4004 Garmin Corporation No 68 Jangshu 2nd Road Shijr Taipei County Taiwan Tel 886 2 2642 9199 Fax 886 2 2642 9099 Except as expressly provided herein no part of this addendum may be reproduced copied transmitted disseminated downloaded or stored in any storage medium for any purpose without the express pri
19. LED is displayed when the GTX 330 has indicated it has failed The pilot should see the dealer for corrective action 190 00356 30 Rev F 6 Part One Section 2 TIS Controls and Display Traffic Ground Track Traffic ground track is indicated in the 400W 500W display by a target track vector a short line displayed in 45 increments extending in the direction of target movement Traffic Target Track Vector Traffic Warning Window When the unit is on any page other than the NAV Traffic Page or when a TAWS Terrain or Dead Reckoning pop up is displayed and a traffic threat is imminent the Traffic Warning Window is displayed The Traffic Warning Window shows a small thumb nail map which can take the user to the Traffic Page by pressing ENT or go back to the previous page by pressing CLR Traffic Warning Window NOTE The Traffic Warning Window is disabled when the aircraft ground speed is less than 30 knots or when an approach is active Traffic Page TIS Traffic data are displayed on two 400W 500W Series unit pages the Traffic Page and the Map Page The 500W Series unit can also be configured to display a traffic thumbnail window below the VLOC frequency window Unlike other forms of traffic TIS traffic does not require heading data to be valid on the map The only difference between TIS and other traffic data occurs on the Traffic Page If heading is available then the traffic data are compensat
20. Since TIS performance is monitored by maintenance personnel other than ATC it is suggested that malfunctions be reported in the following ways By telephone to the nearest Flight Service Station FSS facility By FAA Form 8000 7 Safety Improvement Report a postage paid card designed for this purpose These cards may be obtained at FAA FSSs General Aviation District Offices Flight Standards District Offices and General Aviation Fixed Based Opera tions TIS Symbology TIS traffic is displayed on the 400W 500W Series unit according to TCAS symbology graphically dis played on a dedicated graphical page Traffic Page see below and on the moving Map Page A Traffic Advisory TA symbol appears as a solid yellow circle or half circle on the outer range ring if the traffic is outside the range of the dedicated Traffic Page Prox imity Advisories PA are displayed as a solid diamond and other traffic is displayed as an open diamond PA and other traffic is normally displayed in white or it may be alternatively configured for display in cyan When configured for cyan the traffic page range rings and markings are displayed in white Altitude devia tion from own aircraft altitude is displayed above the target symbol if traffic is above own aircraft altitude and below the symbol if they are below own aircraft altitude Altitude trend is displayed as an up arrow gt 500 ft min down arrow lt 500 ft min o
21. Summary 42 Pilot Actions 44 190 00356 30 Rev F 1 Part One Section 1 Part One Traffic Information Service TIS Interface Section 1 TIS Operation and Symbology TIS Operation NOTE Part One of this Addendum assumes the user has experience operating the 400W 500W Series units and the Garmin GTX 330 Transponder The Traffic Information Service TIS provides a graphic display of traffic advisory information in the cockpit for non TCAS Traffic alert and Collision Avoidance System equipped aircraft TIS is a ground based service providing relative location of all ATCRBS Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System Mode A and Mode C transponder equipped aircraft within a specified service volume The TIS ground sensor uses real time track reports to generate traffic notification TIS Traffic display is available to aircraft equipped with a Mode S Data Link such as the Garmin GTX 330 Transponder TIS Traffic from a GTX 330 Transpon der can then be displayed on a Garmin 400W 500W Series unit Surveillance data includes all transponder equipped aircraft within the coverage volume Aircraft without an operating transponder are invisible to TIS TIS displays up to eight traffic targets within seven nautical miles horizontally from 3000 feet below to 3500 feet above the requesting aircraft T
22. TIS differs from TCAS The main difference between TIS and TCAS is the source of surveillance data TCAS uses an airborne interrogator with a one second update rate while TIS uses the terminal Mode S ground interrogator and its Data Link to provide about a five second update rate The range accuracy of TIS and TCAS is similar TIS Limitations NOTE This section on TIS Limitations is not compre hensive Garmin recommends the user review the TIS Limitations section of the Aeronautical Information Manual Section 1 3 5 TIS is NOT intended to be used as a collision avoidance system and does not relieve the pilot of responsibility to see and avoid other aircraft TIS should not be used for avoidance maneuvers during IMC or other times when there is no visual contact with the intruder aircraft TIS is intended only to assist in visual acquisition of other aircraft in VMC No rec ommended avoidance maneuvers are provided for nor authorized as a direct result of a TIS intruder display or TIS advisory While TIS is a useful aid to visual traffic avoid ance it has some system limitations that must be fully understood to ensure proper use Many of these limi tations are inherent in secondary radar surveillance In other words the information provided by TIS will be no better than that provided to ATC TIS will only display aircraft with operating transponders installed TIS relies on surveillance of the Mode S radar which is a
23. WS Warning Alerts are displayed as constant white text on a red background 190 00356 30 Rev F 44 Part Three Section 3 TAWS Alerts Pilot Actions If a TAWS warning and associated aural are received the pilot should immediately respond to the aural and pull up with maximum power and climb rate unless the terrain or obstacle is clearly identified visually and deter mined to not be a safety of flight factor Reference FAR 91 223 TAWS Caution indicates terrain or obstacle nearby If possible visually locate the terrain or obstacle for avoid ance A TAWS warning may follow a TAWS caution unless the aircraft s path towards the terrain or obstacle is changed NOTE Display of terrain and obstacles on the display is supplemental data only Maneuvering solely by reference to the ter rain and obstacle data is not recommended or authorized 190 00356 30 Rev F 2009 Garmin Ltd or its subsidiaries Garmin International Inc 1200 East 151st Street Olathe Kansas 66062 U S A Garmin AT Inc 2345 Turner Rd S E Salem Oregon 97302 U S A Garmin Europe Ltd Liberty House Bulls Copse Road Hounsdown Business Park Southhampton SO40 9RB U K Garmin Corporation No 68 Jangshu 2nd Road Shijr Taipei County Taiwan www garmin com Part Number 190 00356 30 Revision F
24. able allowing for a more complete view of the surrounding area To change the display range 1 Select the TAWS Page and press up or down on the RNG key to select the desired range 1 NM 2 NM 5 NM 10 NM 25 NM 50 NM 100 NM Aviation information such as airports VORs and other navaids can be turned on or off on the TAWS Page To show or hide aviation information 1 Press MENU 2 Select Show or Hide Aviation Data and press ENT Pressing the CLR key when the TAWS Page is displayed can also be used to toggle aviation information on or off Aviation Data Inhibit Mode TAWS provides an inhibit mode This mode is designed to deactivate PDA FLTA aural and visual alerts when they are deemed unnecessary by the aircrew Flying VFR into an area where unique terrain exists could cause the system to annunciate a nuisance alert Pilots should use discretion when inhibiting the TAWS system and always remember to enable the system when appropriate Only the PDA and FLTA alerts are disabled in the inhibit mode See section 3 for more information on TAWS alerts 190 00356 30 Rev F 34 Part Three Section 2 TAWS Operation TERRAIN configured units will restore the inhibit state at startup to the last pilot selected setting TAWS configured units will always start up with TAWS alerts uninhibited Inhibiting Terrain To inhibit PDA and FLTA alerts 1 Select the TAWS Page and press MENU
25. affic advisories are displayed on the Map Page From the Map Page you can display traffic in a thumbnail format in any of the top three 400W Series or four 500W Series data fields on the right side of the Map Page Thumbnail Traffic displayed on the GNS 430W NOTE The thumbnail will display traffic coasting TRFC CST or traffic removed TRFC RMVD in the lower right when TIS messages have been missed To display Thumbnail Traffic on the Map Page 1 Turn the small right knob to select the Map Page 2 Press the MENU key and display the Page Menu 3 Turn the small right knob to select Change Fields and press ENT 4 Select one of the top three 400W Series or four 500W Series configurable fields Select TRFC from the Select Field Type List and press ENT Note that the thumbnail range defaults to 6 NM and cannot be changed 190 00356 30 Rev F 8 TIS Controls and Display Part One Section 2 Highlighting TIS Traffic Using Map Page Panning Another Map Page feature is panning which allows you to move the map beyond its current limits without adjusting the map scale When you select the panning function by pressing the small right knob a target pointer will flash on the map display A window also appears at the top of the map display showing the latitude longitude position of the pointer plus the bearing and distance to the pointer from your present position Displayin
26. already being displayed 2 If the word in the upper left corner of the page is another weather product rather than NEXRAD US or NEXRAD CN press the small right CRSR knob to highlight that word Then turn the small right knob to change to NEXRAD US or NEXRAD CN 3 Press the small right knob again to bring down the cursor that is to stop the blinking highlighting of NEXRAD US or NEXRAD CN and retain the selection NEXRAD U S and Canadian Coverage SW Version 3 30 adds the ability to display Canadian NEXRAD on the moving map pages and the XM Weather page The display has been modified to specify whether the NEXRAD displayed is U S or Canadian 190 00356 30 Rev F 15 Part Two Section 2 XM Weather NEXRAD Intensity Colors are used to identify the different NEXRAD echo intensities reflectivity measured in dBZ deci bels of Z Reflectivity is the amount of transmitted power returned to the radar receiver Reflectivity designated by the letter Z covers a wide range of signals from very weak to very strong So a more convenient number for calculations and comparison a decibel or logarithmic scale dBZ is used The dBZ values increase as the strength of the signal returned to the radar increases There are seven gradations for rain two gradations for mixed rain and snow and two gradations for snow To display the NEXRAD Intensity Legend 1 While vi
27. annel and the Volume setting The Active Channel window shows the Channel Name and Number Artist Song Title Category and provides an indication of signal strength A bar graph next to the antenna symbol describes the signal strength Maximum signal strength is shown by three full bars Part Two Section 4 XM Audio Category name Song title Audio output enabled or disabled Slider Channel Name Signal strength indicator Artist name Channel number Pointer showing current selection being played Channel name XM Audio Page Description Channel number 190 00356 30 Rev F 26 The XM Audio page allows you to control the functions of the XM Audio receiver in the GDL 69A such as category and channel selection artist selection and volume Pressing the MENU key displays the Page Menu selections Selecting categories 1 Press the small right CRSR knob to high light the category names The categories will be listed below in numeric order 2 Turn the small right knob to scroll through the list of categories Categories are shown in the upper section of the display The channels for each category are shown in the list below the category title 3 Press ENT to select the highlighted category The first channel in the selected category will now be highlighted and the current song being played in that channel will be shown in the lower window 4 Turn the large right knob counterclockwise t
28. are not being received from the GTX 330 NOTE This may be a normal mode of opera tion in a dual transponder installation where the GTX 330 with TIS is not the selected transponder Flight Procedures Once the aircraft is airborne determined by system configuration at the time of installation the system switches from standby mode to operating mode The 400W 500W Series unit displays OPER in the upper right hand corner of the display and begins to display traffic on the Traffic or Map Page The TIS Traffic Advisory TA should alert the crew to use additional vigilance to identify the intruding aircraft Any time the traffic symbol becomes a yellow circle or a voice warning is announced conduct a visual search for the intruder If successful maintain visual contact to ensure safe operation See Section 2 Control and Display for a description of pilot responses to TIS display messages After Landing Once the aircraft is ground borne determined by system configuration at the time of installation the system switches from operating mode to standby mode The 400W 500W Series unit displays STBY As described previously both the standby and operat ing modes can be manually overridden by the display controls 190 00356 30 Rev F 11 XM Radio Introduction Part Two Section 1 Part Two XM Radio Section 1 Introduction Overview The GDL 69 is a remote sensor that receives broadcast weather data from a data
29. atabase It is very important to note that not all obstacles are necessarily charted and therefore may not be contained in the Obstacle Database 190 00356 30 Rev F 38 Part Three Section 2 TAWS Alerts Section 3 TAWS Alerts Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet parameters that are set within TAWS software algorithms TAWS alerts typically employ either a CAUTION or a WARNING alert severity level or both When an alert is issued visual annunciations are displayed Aural alerts are simultaneously issued Annunciations appear in a dedicated field in the lower left corner of the display TAWS Annunciation Field TAWS Annunciation Field Annunciations are color coded according to the TAWS Alert Summary table Pop up terrain alerts can also appear during an alert but only when the TAWS Page is not displayed There are two options when an alert is displayed To acknowledge the pop up alert and return to the currently viewed page Press the CLR button To acknowledge the pop up alert and quickly access the TAWS Page Press the ENT button NOTE To further capture the attention of the pilot TAWS issues aural voice messages that accompany visual annunciations and pop up alerts Some aural messages are configurable during installation of the system For a summary of aural messages see the TAWS Alert Summary table in Appendix A NOTE TAWS Caution Alerts are displayed as constant black text on a yellow backgrou
30. ated whenever TIS service becomes unavailable The volume pitch and duration of the audio alert including the choice between a male or female voice is configured during installation The following TIS audio alerts are available Traffic TIS traffic alert is received Traffic Not Available TIS service is not available or out of range 190 00356 30 Rev F 5 Part One Section 2 TIS Controls and Display Section 2 Control and Display TIS Traffic Display Status and Pilot Response STBY When the 400W 500W displays STBY in the upper right hand corner of the display the TIS system is in standby mode and cannot display traffic data OPER When the 400W 500W displays OPER in the upper right hand corner of the display the TIS system is in operational mode and available to display traffic on the Traffic or Map Page AGE If traffic data are not refreshed within 6 seconds an age indicator e g AGE 00 06 is displayed in the lower right corner of the dis play when displaying traffic The pilot should be aware that the quality of displayed traffic is reduced in this condition TRFC CST If data are still not received between six and twelve seconds the TRFC CST traffic coasting banner located above the AGE timer will indicate that displayed traffic is held even though the data are not current The pilot should be aware that the quality of displaye
31. ay assist concerning the intruder aircraft Based on the above procedures minor adjustment to the vertical flight path consistent with air traffic requirements are not considered evasive maneuvers Power Up Test The TIS interface performs an automatic test during power up If the system passes the power up test the Standby Screen appears on the Traffic Page If the system passes the power up test and the aircraft is airborne as determined by system configuration at the time of installation see your installer for detailed criteria information traffic is displayable on the Traffic Page in oper ating mode If the system fails the power up test the NO DATA DATA FAIL or FAILED message is displayed See your installer for corrective action if the DATA FAIL or FAILED message is displayed The FAILED message indicates the GTX 330 has failed The DATA FAIL mes sage indicates data are being received from the GTX 330 but a failure was detected in the data stream The NO DATA message indicates that data are not being received from the GTX 330 NOTE NO DATA may be a normal mode of opera tion in a dual transponder installation where the GTX 330 with TIS is not the selected transponder UNAVAIL When a 60 second period elapses with no data TIS is considered to be unavailable This state is indicated by the text UNAVAILABLE 500W Seri
32. ccuracies Terrain information should be used as an aid to situational awareness Never use it for navigation or to maneuver to avoid terrain TAWS uses terrain and obstacle information sup plied by government sources The data undergoes veri fication by Garmin to confirm accuracy of the content per TSO C151b However the displayed information should never be understood as being all inclusive 190 00356 30 Rev F 32 Part Three Section 1 TAWS Operation Section 2 TAWS Operation TAWS Alerting TAWS uses information provided from the GPS receiver to provide a horizontal position and altitude GPS altitude is derived from satellite measurements GPS altitude is converted to a mean sea level MSL based altitude GPS MSL altitude and is used to determine TAWS alerts GPS MSL altitude accuracy is affected by factors such as satellite geometry but it is not subject to variations in pressure and temperature that normally affect pressure altitude devices GPS MSL altitude does not require local altimeter settings to determine MSL altitude Therefore GPS altitude provides a highly accurate and reliable MSL altitude source to calculate terrain and obstacle alerts TAWS utilizes terrain and obstacle databases that are referenced to mean sea level MSL Using the GPS position and GPS MSL altitude TAWS displays a 2 D picture of the surrounding terrain and obstacles relative to the position and altitude of the aircraft
33. d between regular hourly METARs to provide late breaking weather news TAF Page When a GDL 69 69A is installed the TAF Termi nal Aerodrome Forecast page is inserted into the WPT page group immediately after the Textual METAR page This page shows a text message giving a weather forecast for a particular airport The format is similar to that used for METARS but describes a weather forecast rather than current weather at the particular airport TFR Information Areas with TFRs Temporary Flight Restrictions are shown outlined in yellow on the NAV main page of the 500W series and on the Map and XM Weather page of both the 400W and 500W series More information about Temporary Flight Restrictions can be seen on the TFR Information page which can be accessed from the Map page or the XM Weather page 1a With the Map page the second page of the NAV page group displayed press the small right knob to bring up the map pointer or 1b With the XM Weather page the third page of the NAV page group displayed press the MENU key to bring up the Page Menu Then turn the large right knob to highlight Show Map Pointer and press ENT to bring up the map pointer 2 Turn the large and small right knobs to move the map pointer to the yellow boundary of a TFR region When the map pointer is within the TFR region its boundary will be highlighted with a wider yellow line 190 00356 30 Rev F 20 XM Weather
34. d traffic is reduced in this condition Traffic Age Indication showing traffic coasting TRFC RMVD If data are still not received after twelve seconds the TRFC RMVD banner will indicate that traffic has been removed from the display due to the age of the data being too old to coast for the time period after 12 seconds from the last receipt of a TIS message The pilot should be aware that traffic may be present but not shown Traffic Page displaying TRFC RMVD banner UNAVAIL After a 60 second period elapses with no data TIS is considered to be unavailable This state is indicated by the text UNAVAIL The pilot should be aware that UNAVAIL could indicate a TIS coverage limitation due to a line of sight situation a low altitude condition no TIS service or a result of flying directly over the radar site providing coverage cone of silence NO DATA NO DATA is displayed when no data are being received from the GTX 330 The pilot should be aware that this status may be a normal mode of operation in a dual transpon der installation where the GTX 330 with TIS is not the selected transponder The GTX 330 may not be powered on DATA FAIL DATA FAIL is displayed when data are being received from GTX 330 but there was a failure detected in the data stream The pilot should see the dealer for corrective action FAILED FAI
35. e age of the displayed weather product or the effective time of Winds Aloft predictions is shown in the upper right corner of the display For example if NEXRAD is displayed 0 05 indicates that the data are five minutes old If Winds Aloft predictions are being displayed 10 00 indicates the effective time for the displayed prediction is 10 00 AM The data for each XM Weather product are updated regularly from the GDL 69 69A XM Weather products expire after the following intervals Product Expiration Interval METARs 90 minutes NEXRAD Radar Coverage 30 minutes TFRs 60 minutes TAFs 60 minutes Lightning 30 minutes SCITs 30 minutes Winds Aloft Predictions 90 minutes When the age of the displayed XM Weather prod uct reaches one half of its expiration time the color of the displayed time changes from green to amber Expired XM Weather products are never displayed In the unlikely event that the data should expire before a fresh update is received the time will be dashed out and the data removed from the display XM NEXRAD Weather The National Weather Service s network of WSR 88D Doppler weather surveillance radars also called NEXRAD for Next Generation Radar has greatly improved the detection of meteorological events such as thunderstorms tornados and hurricanes An exten sive network of NEXRAD weather radars provides 190 00356 30 Rev F 14 Part Two Section 2 XM
36. e line to indicate wind speed The barbed end of the symbol points in the direction from which the wind is coming Barbs which are used singly and in combinations have the following values A short line 5 knots A long line 10 knots A pennant triangle 50 knots For example a vertically oriented wind barb with a pennant two long lines and a short line at its upper end would denote a 75 knot wind blowing from the north To view XM Weather Winds Aloft 1 While viewing the XM Weather page check the upper left corner of the display If a weather product other than WINDS is shown press the small right CRSR knob to highlight the product name Turn the small right knob until WINDS is displayed 2 Turn the large right knob to move the cursor down to the Altitude field then use the small right knob to select an altitude from ground level up to 42 000 feet in 3 000 foot incre ments Note that you can move up and down the atmosphere comparing wind predictions at different altitudes 3 When done press the small right CRSR knob again to remove the cursor remove highlighting from the altitude field 190 00356 30 Rev F 23 Winds Aloft Altitude The Winds Aloft Altitude selection provides the pilot with the ability to select any wind altitude from the ground up to 42 000 feet in 3 000 foot increments When no data are shown at a given altitude the data for that altitude has
37. ection 2 XM Weather XM WPT Pages When a GDL 69 or GDL 69A is installed two XM related pages are added to airport pages in the WPT page group Textual METAR Page The Textual METAR page shows the text of the most recent METAR Meteorological Aerodrome Report that has been received for an airport TAF Page The TAF page shows the text of the most recent TAF Terminal Aerodrome Fore cast that has been received for an airport XM AUX Pages When a GDL 69 or GDL 69A is installed the fol lowing XM pages appear in the AUX group of pages XM Audio Page GDL 69A only See Section 4 below for a description of this page XM Information Page This page contains information that you will use when activat ing your XM satellite radio subscription It also reports the GDL 69 69A s software version number XM Weather Timestamp Pages This page show timestamp data for the most recently received XM weather data Section 2 XM Weather The XM Weather Function is capable of displaying graphical weather information through the XM Satel lite Radio Service when activated in the optional instal lation of the GDL 69 69A Next Generation Weather Radar NEXRAD METARs symbols METAR Lightning LTNG Cell Movement CELL MOVE and Winds Aloft WINDS are displayed on the NAV pages The types of products available depend on the subscription service with XM Satellite Radio Once you have activa
38. ed and displayed as heading up If it s not available the Traffic Page is a track up display It is labeled on the upper portion of the Traffic Page Traffic Page Display Range Various display ranges can be selected for optimal display of TIS traffic information To change the display range on the Traffic Page Press RNG to zoom through the range selec tions which are 12 6 NM 6 2 NM and 2 NM 190 00356 30 Rev F 7 TIS Controls and Display Part One Section 2 Map Page TIS traffic is displayed on the Map Page in addition to the Traffic Page The Map Page displaying traffic Configuring TIS Traffic Data on the Map Page To configure TIS traffic on the Map Page 1 Turn the small right knob to select the Map Page 2 Press the MENU key Turn the small right knob to select Setup Map 3 The flashing cursor highlights the GROUP field Turn the small right knob to select Traffic and press ENT 4 Turn the large right knob to select the desired Traffic Mode option Turn the small right knob to select the desired option and press ENT Repeat the step for Traffic Symbol and Traffic Label 5 Press CLR to return the Map Page The traffic mode selection menu allows the user to choose from the following All trfc All traffic is displayed on the Map Page TA PA Only traffic advisories and proximity advisories are displayed on the Map Page TA only Only tr
39. eight Above Terrain Feet Excessive Descent Rate Graph Excessive Descent Rate Severity Levels CAUTION The annunciation and pop up terrain alert are accompanied by the aural message Sink Rate WARNING The annunciation and pop up terrain alert are accompanied by the aural message Pull Up 190 00356 30 Rev F 41 Part Three Section 3 TAWS Alerts Negative Climb Rate After Takeoff Alert NCR The purpose of the Negative Climb Rate After Takeoff alert also referred to as Altitude Loss After Takeoff is to provide suitable alerts to the pilot when the system determines that the aircraft is losing altitude closing upon terrain after takeoff The aural message Don t Sink is given for NCR alerts accompanied by an annunciation and a pop up terrain alert on the display NCR alerting is only active when departing from an airport and when the following conditions are met The height above the terrain is less than 700 feet The distance from the departure airport is 2 NM or less The heading change from the heading at the time of departure is less than 110 degrees The NCR alerting parameters as defined by TSO C151b are shown in the Negative Climb Rate Alert Criteria figures below The NCR alert is issued when the altitude loss and height are within the range in the first figure or when the sink rate negative vertical speed and height are within the range in the second figure
40. es and UNAVAIL 400W Series The pilot should be aware that UNAVAIL could indicate a TIS coverage limitation due to a line of sight situation a low altitude condition no TIS service or a result of flying directly over the radar site providing coverage cone of silence Conditions for Traffic Advisories The following condition causes TIS to display a Traffic Advisory TA on the 400W 500W Series unit The intruder aircraft approaches your aircraft on a course that will intercept defined by a 0 5 NM horizontal radius and a relative altitude of 500 feet your course within 34 seconds 0 5 nm Intruder Aircraft 500 ft This area within 34 seconds 500 ft 190 00356 30 Rev F 10 TIS Operational Procedures Part One Section 3 Manual Override The user can manually switch between standby STBY and operating OPER mode of operation to manually override automatic operation To place the display into operating mode from the standby mode to display TIS traffic 1 Turn the cursor on and highlight STBY 2 Turn the small right knob to select OPER 3 Press ENT to confirm To place the display into standby mode from operating mode to stop displaying TIS traffic 1 Turn the cursor on and highlight OPER 2 Turn the small right knob to select STBY 3 Press ENT to confirm DATA FAIL Message The NO DATA message indicates that data
41. es available for several of the alerts as shown below See your Garmin installer for further informa tion on configuring the alert system 190 00356 30 Rev F 43 Part Three Section 3 TAWS Alerts TAWS Alerts Summary TAWS Annunciation Pop Up Alert Aural Message Description None TAWS System Failure TAWS has failed None None TERRAIN has been inhibited by flight crew None Terrain Not Available TAWS not available Sink Rate Excessive Descent Rate Caution Pull Up Excessive Descent Rate Warning or Caution Terrain Caution Terrain or Terrain Ahead Terrain Ahead Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance Caution for Terrain or Terrain Terrain Pull Up Pull Up or Terrain Ahead Pull Up Terrain Ahead Pull Up Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance Warning for Terrain Obstacle Ahead Obstacle Ahead or Caution Obstacle Caution Obstacle Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance Caution for Obstacle or Obstacle Obstacle Pull Up Pull Up or Obstacle Ahead Pull Up Obstacle Ahead Pull Up Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance Warning for Obstacle Too Low Terrain Premature Descent Alert Caution or Don t Sink or Too Low Terrain Negative Climb Rate Caution None None Five Hundred 500 ft AGL Altitude Callout NOTE TAWS Caution Alerts are displayed as constant black text on a yellow background TA
42. ewing the XM Weather page press the MENU key to display the Page Menu 2 Turn the large or small knob to select Display legend 3 Press ENT to display the NEXRAD Intensity Legend 4 Turn the large or small knob to scroll through the full table Press CLR to return to the normal view NEXRAD Abnormalities There are possible abnormalities regarding dis played NEXRAD images Some but not all causes of abnormal displayed information include Ground Clutter Strobes and spurious radar data Sun strobes when the radar antenna points directly at the sun Military aircraft deploy metallic dust which can cause alterations in radar scans Interference from buildings or mountains which may cause shadows Scheduled maintenance may put a radar off line 190 00356 30 Rev F 16 Part Two Section 2 XM Weather XM Weather Label and NEXRAD Source U S XM Weather Label and NEXRAD Source Canada NEXRAD Limitations Certain limitations exist regarding the NEXRAD radar displays Some but not all are listed for the user s awareness NEXRAD base reflectivity does not provide suf ficient information to determine cloud layers or precipitation characteristics hail vs rain etc NEXRAD base reflectivity is sampled at the minimum antenna elevation angle An indi vidual NEXRAD site cannot depict high altitude storms at close ranges and has no information about
43. g traffic range and altitude separa tion using the Map Panning feature To activate the panning feature and pan the map display 1 Press the small right knob to activate the panning target pointer 2 Turn the small right knob to move up turn clock wise or down counterclockwise 3 Turn the large right knob to move right turn clockwise or left counterclockwise 4 To cancel the panning function and return to your present position press the small right knob When the target pointer is placed on traffic the traffic range and altitude separation are displayed 190 00356 30 Rev F 9 TIS Operational Procedures Part One Section 3 Section 3 TIS Operational Procedures Introduction TIS warns the user with voice and visual traffic advisories whenever it predicts an intruder to be a threat see illustration Voice and visual data are sent from the GTX 330 The user should not start evasive maneuvers using information from the 400W 500W display or on a traffic advisory only The display and advisories are intended only for assistance in visually locating the traffic due to the lack in resolution and coordination ability The flight crew should attempt to visually acquire the intruder aircraft and maintain a safe separation in accordance with the regulatory requirements and good operating practice If the flight crew cannot visually acquire the aircraft they should contact ATC to obtain any information that m
44. he TIS is a ground based service that displays nearby aircraft on your 400W 500W series display For the TIS feature to inform you of a nearby aircraft s presence several conditions must be met Your aircraft must be equipped with a Mode S data link transponder such as the GTX 330 You must be within range of a Mode S radar that provides the TIS service Not all Mode S ground radars provide TIS service The intruder aircraft must be equipped with a transponder and that transponder must be turned on Aircraft that are not equipped with operating transponders will not be visible to the Mode S surveillance radar The intruder aircraft must be within the TIS coverage volume for your aircraft TIS displays up to eight traffic targets within seven nautical miles horizontally from the requesting aircraft and from 3 000 feet below to 3 500 feet above the requesting aircraft Both your aircraft and the intruder aircraft must be visible to the Mode S surveillance radar on the ground Always remember that TIS cannot alert you to the presence of aircraft that are not equipped with transponders nor can it alert you to aircraft that may be nearby but obscured from the ground surveillance radar by intervening terrain TIS Coverage Volume not to scale 7 0 nm 3 500 ft 3 000 ft TIS Operation and Symbology 190 00356 30 Rev F 2 TIS Operation and Symbology Part One Section 1 How
45. he XM Audio page press the MENU key Turn the large right knob to highlight Display Title In List 2 Press the ENT key 190 00356 30 Rev F 30 Part Two Section 4 XM Audio Enable Mute Audio Output The Enable Mute Audio Output selection of the Page Menu allows you to toggle the audio output On or Off When Audio Output is muted a green slash will cross over the music symbol in the song pane 1 While viewing the XM Audio page press the MENU key Turn the large right knob to highlight Enable Audio Output or Disable Audio Output 2 Press the ENT key to perform the highlighted action Pressing the CLR key toggles the audio output Change Volume The XM Audio volume may be changed in two ways directly with the Range keys or through the Page Menu 1 While viewing the XM Audio page press the MENU key Turn the large right knob to highlight Change Volume 2a Press the ENT key and then turn the small right knob to change the volume or 2b Press the Range keys to adjust the volume Blank Page 190 00356 30 Rev F 31 Part Three Section 1 TAWS Introduction Part Three TAWS Interface Section 1 Introduction NOTE GNS 530W units may display a TERRAIN Page a TAWS Page or neither but not both depending upon the installed hardware and configuration Overview Garmin s Terrain Awareness Warning System TAWS is an optional feature 500W series only to increase situat
46. he time of display in the cockpit Occasionally aircraft maneuver ing will cause this algorithm to induce errors in the 400W 500W display These errors primarily affect rela tive bearing information and traffic target track vector it will lag intruder distance and altitude will remain relatively accurate and may be used to assist in see 190 00356 30 Rev F 3 TIS Operation and Symbology Part One Section 1 and avoid Some of the more common examples of these errors follow When client or intruder aircraft maneuvers exces sively or abruptly the tracking algorithm may report incorrect horizontal position until the maneuvering aircraft stabilizes When a rapidly closing intruder is on a course that crosses the client aircraft course at a shallow angle either overtaking or head on and either aircraft abruptly changes course within NM TIS may display the intruder on the opposite side of the client than it actually is These are relatively rare occurrences and will be corrected in a few radar scans once the course has stabilized Improving TIS Users of TIS can render valuable assistance in the correction of malfunctions by reporting their observations of undesirable performance Reporters should identify the time of observation location type and identity of aircraft and describe the condition observed the type of transponder processor and soft ware in use can also be useful information
47. ial impact points on the TAWS Page TAWS uses yellow caution and red warning to depict terrain information relative to aircraft altitude Each color is associated with an alert severity level Terrain graphics and visual annunciations also use these color assignments Note that obstacle symbols are shown on display zoom ranges up to 10 NM Potential Impact Point Unlighted Obstacle Projected Flight Path 1000 ft 100 ft Threshold Terrain more than 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude Black Terrain between 100 ft and 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude Yellow Terrain above or within 100 ft below the aircraft altitude Red Terrain Altitude Color Correlation for Terrain Proximity Unlighted Obstacle Lighted Obstacle Potential Impact Points Terrain Color Terrain Obstacle Location Alert Level lt 1000 ft AGL gt 1000 ft AGL lt 1000 ft AGL gt 1000 ft AGL Obstacle Symbol Red Terrain Obstacle at or within 100 ft below current aircraft altitude WARNING Red Yellow Terrain Obstacle between 100 ft and 1000 ft below current aircraft altitude CAUTION Yellow TAWS Terrain Obstacle Colors and Symbology NOTE If an obstacle and the projected flight path of the aircraft intersect the display auto matically zooms in to the closest potential point of impact on the TERRAIN Page 190 00356 30 Rev F 36 Part Three Section 2 TAWS Operation General Database Information Garmin TAWS
48. ional awareness and aid in reducing controlled flight into terrain Garmin TAWS satisfies TSO C151b Class B requirements for certification Class B TAWS is required for all Part 91 aircraft operations with six or more passenger seats and for Part 135 turbine aircraft operations with six to nine passenger seats FAR Parts 91 223 135 154 TAWS provides visual and aural annunciations when terrain and obstacles are within the given altitude threshold from the aircraft Garmin TAWS satisfies TSO C151b Class B requirements for certification Operating Criteria Garmin TAWS requires the following to operate properly The system must have a valid 3D GPS position solution The system must have a valid terrain obstacle airport terrain database Limitations NOTE The data contained in the TAWS databases comes from government agencies Garmin accurately processes and cross validates the data but cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the data TAWS displays terrain and obstructions relative to the altitude of the aircraft The displayed alerts and warnings are advisory in nature only Individual obstructions may be shown if available in the database However all obstructions may not be available in the database and data may be inaccurate Never use this information for navigation or to maneuver to avoid obstacles Terrain information is based on terrain elevation data contained in a database that may contain ina
49. led lightning strikes and cells are shown Lightning information indicates the location of cloud to ground lightning strikes Lightning strikes are noted by yellow plus signs To view XM Weather Lightning Strikes 1 While viewing the XM Weather page check the upper left corner to see whether LTNG or another weather product is displayed 2 If another weather product rather than LTNG is shown press the small right CRSR knob to highlight the product name such as NEXRAD Turn the small right knob to change to LTNG and press that small right knob again to bring down the cursor stop the highlighting and retain the LTNG selection 190 00356 30 Rev F 21 Part Two Section 2 XM Weather Cell Movement CELL MOVE When enabled Cell Movement shows the storm cells identified by the ground based system The movement is depicted by an arrow The tip of the arrow represents where the cell is expected to be in 10 minutes from the time the cell location was deter mined Cell Movement is noted by a yellow box with an arrow showing reported the direction of travel To view XM Weather Cell Movement 1 While viewing the XM Weather page check the upper left corner to see whether CELL MOVE or another weather product is displayed 2 If another weather product rather than CELL MOVE is shown press the small right CRSR knob to highlight the product name such as NEXRAD
50. nd TAWS Warning Alerts are displayed as constant white text on a red background Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance The unit will issue terrain alerts not only when the aircraft altitude is below the terrain elevation but also when the aircraft is projected to come within minimum clearance values of the terrain This alerting called Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance FLTA is also provided for obstacles Any potential impact points are depicted on the display There are 2 levels of severity for FLTA alerts They are cautionary amber and warning red in nature and are described in further detail below CAUTION Estimated potential impact in approximately 30 seconds after pop up alert and annunciation FLTA caution alerts are accompanied by the aural message Caution Ter rain Caution Terrain OR Terrain Ahead Terrain Ahead Similarly a Caution Obstacle Caution Obstacle or Obstacle Ahead Obstacle Ahead alert is also provided 190 00356 30 Rev F 39 Part Three Section 3 TAWS Alerts WARNING Estimated potential impact in approximately 15 seconds after alert and annunciation FLTA warning alerts are accompanied by the aural message Terrain Terrain Pull Up Pull Up or Terrain Ahead Pull Up Terrain Ahead Pull Up Similarly a Obstacle Obstacle Pull Up Pull Up or Obstacle Ahead Pull Up Obstacle Ahead Pull Up alert is also provided Phase of Flight Level Flight De
51. not been received Wait for the next update The selected altitude is depicted below the WINDS label To change the XM Weather Winds Aloft altitude 1 With the WINDS product selected turn the large right knob to highlight the altitude value 2 Turn the small right knob to change the value 3 When done press the small right CRSR knob again to remove the cursor remove highlighting from the altitude field Section 3 XM AUX Pages When a GDL 69 or GDL 69A is installed three or four pages are inserted into the 500W 500W s AUX page group Here we discuss the two pages that are inserted regardless of whether the XM receiver is a GDL 69 or GDL 69A XM Information Page This page contains information that you will use when activating your XM satellite radio subscription XM Weather Timestamp Pages These pages show timestamp data for the most recently received XM weather data The other AUX page which is installed only if the XM receiver is a GDL 69A is the XM audio page XM Information Page The XM Information page in the AUX page group is the page you will refer to when activating your sub scription to the XM Satellite Radio services Audio ID The Audio ID contains the eight character identification code of the XM Audio radio built into the GDL 69A Provide this ID to XM Satellite Radio when activating an XM audio subscription In the case of a GDL 69 this field sho
52. o move the highlight back up to the cat egory name window Selecting channels 1 Press the small right CRSR knob to high light the category names 2 Turn the large right knob clockwise or press ENT to move the highlight into the channel selections 3 Turn the small right knob to highlight a chan nel 4 Press ENT to select the highlighted channel for listening A triangle will point to the song currently being played Part Two Section 4 XM Audio 190 00356 30 Rev F 27 Part Two Section 4 XM Audio XM Audio Menu The XM Audio Menu provides choices for selecting a channel displaying the channel artist or title enabling audio output and controlling the volume 1 While viewing the XM Audio page press the MENU key 2 Turn the large or small right knobs to high light the choices Press the ENT key to make a selection Add to Presets List Up to fifteen channels may be saved as presets to easily return to your favorite channels 1 While viewing the XM Audio page selected the desired channel 2 While the desired channel is highlighted press the MENU key With Add to Presets List highlighted press ENT 3 Turn the large right knob clockwise to move the highlight into the presets list Turn the small right knob to highlight the position where you want to place the preset 4 Press ENT to replace the previous preset chan nel with the newly selected channel 190 00356
53. ological Aerodrome Reports METARs When you zoom in to show the airport symbol associated with the colored flag for a graphical METAR and move the Map Pointer to highlight that airport you can then press ENT to see the Textual METAR page for that airport The Textual METAR page is one of the airport pages of the WPT page group Graphical Meteorological Aerodrome Reports METARs The XM Weather page in the NAV page group can show colored flags to indicate the level of current weather condi tions at those airports for which textual METAR reports are available The flags are color coded to indicate the severity of the current weather at the airport cyan for VFR conditions green for Marginal VFR conditions yellow for IFR condi tions or magenta of Low IFR conditions Terminal Aerodrome Forecast TAFs A TAF page is added among the airport pages of the WPT page group The TAF page differs from the Textual METAR page in that it describes forecast future weather conditions rather than current conditions Temporary Flight Restrictions TFRs The boundaries of areas with TFRs are outlined in yellow on the Map and XM Weather pages of the NAV page group In the 500W series TFR boundaries are also shown on the NAV main page You can obtain more information about a TFR by bringing up the map cursor moving the map cursor to within the yellow outlined area and pressing the ENT key Weather Product Age Th
54. or written consent of Garmin Garmin hereby grants permis sion to download a single copy of this manual and of any revision to this manual onto a hard drive or other electronic storage medium to be viewed and to print one copy of this manual or of any revision hereto provided that such electronic or printed copy of this manual or revision must contain the complete text of this copyright notice and provided further that any unauthorized commercial distribution of this manual or any revision hereto is strictly prohibited Information in this document is subject to change without notice Garmin reserves the right to change or improve its products and to make changes in the content without obligation to notify any person or orga nization of such changes or improvements Garmin is a registered trademark and GTX and GDL are trademarks of Garmin Ltd or its subsidiaries and may not be used without the express permission of Garmin Ltd or its subsidiaries July 2009 190 00356 30 Revision F 190 00356 30 Rev F The screen display examples shown in this addendum are taken from the GNS 430W and GNS 530W TIS and Weather Data Link Display Interface functionality is the same for the 400W and 500W Series Units TIS Traffic Display and Weather Data Link are available only when the 400W 500W units are configured with the GTX 330 Mode S Transponder and GDL 69 69A Data Link Transceiver respectively i Introduction Warnings and Cautions
55. r no symbol if less than 500 ft min rate in either direction Traffic Advisories TA Yellow Proximity Advisories PA White may be configured as Cyan Other White may be configured as Cyan 190 00356 30 Rev F 4 TIS Operation and Symbology Part One Section 1 Own Aircraft Other Traffic This symbol represents traffic detected within the selected display range that does not generate a TA Traffic Advisory TA This symbol is generated when traffic meets the advisory criteria described in TIS Operational Proce dures Traffic Ground Track is indicated on the 400W 500W display by a target track vector a short line displayed in 45 degree increments This vector shows the flight direc tion of the traffic The TIS audio alert is generated from the GTX 330 whenever the number of Traffic Ad visories on the 400W 500W display increases from one scan to the next Limiting Traffic Advisories only reduces the nuisance alerting due to proximate aircraft For example when the first Traffic Advisories appears on the TIS display the user is alerted audibly So long as a single aircraft remains on the TIS display no further audio alert is generated If a second or more aircraft appears on the display a new audio alert is sounded If the number of Traffic Advisories on the TIS display decreases and then increases a new audio alert is sounded The TIS audio alert is also gener
56. s no audio capability audio services will not be available with the unit Follow the GDL 69 69A XM Satellite Radio Activa tion Instructions 190 00355 04 enclosed with your GDL 69 69A unit to activate the XM products XM Radio Pages To reach the XM pages 1 From any page press and hold CLR to select the Default NAV Page You may skip this step if you are already viewing any of the main pages 2 Turn the large right knob to select the AUX page group AUX appears in the lower right corner of the screen 3 Turn the small right knob to select the XM Audio XM Information or XM WX Timestamps pages XM Weather page is displayed in the NAV page group The XM Audio function pages are displayed in the AUX page group XM NAV Pages When a GDL 69 or GDL 69A is installed the fol lowing XM related pages appear in the NAV group of pages Map Page The Map page the second page in the NAV page group becomes capable of displaying weather data and the boundaries of areas with Temporary Flight Restrictions TFRs XM Weather Page The XM Weather page is inserted in the NAV page group immediately before the Terrain page This page is like the map page but can show NEXRAD weather data col ored flags showing which airports have METARs current weather observations Meteorological Aerodrome Reports Lightning LTNG reports Cell Movement or Winds Aloft 190 00356 30 Rev F 12 Part Two S
57. scending En Route 700 ft 500 ft Terminal 350 ft 300 ft Approach 150 ft 100 ft Departure 100 ft 100 ft Minimum TERRAIN Clearance Values for FLTA Alerts NOTE During the final approach phase of flight FLTA alerts are automatically inhibited when the aircraft is below 200 feet AGL while within 0 5 NM of the approach runway or is below 125 feet AGL while within 1 0 NM of the runway Premature Descent Alerting PDA The TAWS system issues a Premature Descent Alert PDA when the system detects that the aircraft is significantly below the normal approach path to a runway PDA begins when the aircraft is within 15 NM of the destination airport PDA ends when the aircraft is either 0 5 NM from the runway threshold OR is below an altitude of 125 feet AGL while within 1 0 NM of the threshold CAUTION The above annunciation and pop up terrain alert are displayed during a PDA alert For TAWS the PDA alert is accompanied by the aural message Too Low Terrain 190 00356 30 Rev F 40 Part Three Section 3 TAWS Alerts Excessive Descent Rate Alert EDR The purpose of the Excessive Descent Rate alert is to provide suitable notification when the aircraft is determined to be closing descending upon terrain at an excessive speed The parameters for the alert as defined by TSO C151b are shown in the Descent Rate graph PULL UP PULL UP SINK RATE H
58. service of XM Sat ellite Radio Inc The GDL 69A is similar to the GDL 69 but also receives audio entertainment broadcasts from another service of XM Satellite Radio The 400W and 500W series units serve as the display and control head for your remotely mounted GDL 69 69A satellite radio Before the GDL 69 69A can be used the unit must be activated by XM Satellite Radio with a service subscription through XM Satellite Radio Please note that the GDL 69 is a weather data link The GDL 69A is a weather data link and audio receiver The data link service and the audio entertainment services must be activated separately Your GDL 69 or GDL 69A is shipped with one or two radio hardware identifications respectively These IDs serve as identification codes for your XM equipped GDL 69 69A and are needed in the activa tion process The ID s is are attached to the Activa tion Instructions and printed on a label on the back of the unit The IDs can also be retrieved through your unit in the XM Information page of the Aux function Contact your dealer or customer service if you are unable to locate the radio hardware IDs Weather and or audio data from your GDL 69 69A are provided by XM Satellite Radio a company separate and independent from Garmin Corporation Have your radio hardware IDs ready before contact ing XM Satellite Radio During the process you can select services for subscription Keep in mind that the GDL 69 ha
59. storms directly over the site Neither NEXRAD weather data nor the age of the NEXRAD weather data are displayed at a zoom range of less than 10 NM The resolu tion of displayed NEXRAD data is 2 kilometers Therefore when zoomed in on the display each square block is 2 kilometers The intensity level reflected by the square will be the high est level sampled within the 2 kilometer square area XM Weather METARs XM Weather METARs Meteorological Aerodrome Reports are available on the XM Weather page When enabled that is when METAR is shown in the upper left corner of the page airports with METAR infor mation above a certain severity level are marked with colored flags on the display Refer to the XM Weather legend for a description of the color code The update rate is every 12 minutes 190 00356 30 Rev F 17 Part Two Section 2 XM Weather To display METARs on the XM Weather page 1 While viewing the XM Weather page check the upper left corner to see whether METAR or another weather product is displayed in the upper left corner 2 If another weather product rather than METAR is shown press the small right CRSR knob to highlight the product name such as NEXRAD Turn the small right knob to change to METAR and press that small right knob again to bring down the cursor stop the highlighting and retain the METAR selection 3 Now colored flags will be
60. ted an aviation weather ser vice from XM Satellite Radio the 400W 500W series unit can display the following aviation related data NEXRAD An indication of the intensity of weather radar echoes from the National Weather Service s network of NEXRAD NEXt generation RADar sites can be shown on the XM Weather Page and can optionally be over laid on the Map page Both these pages are in the NAV page group Canadian Radar may also be available Radar Coverage Whenever NEXRAD is shown a cross hatch pattern indicates the limits of NEXRAD radar coverage The cross hatched area shows where NEXRAD information is unavailable Lightning LTNG When enabled lightning strikes and cells are shown as yellow signs Lightning information indicates the location of cloud to ground lightning strikes Cell Movement CELL MOVE When enabled Cell Movement shows the storm cells identified by the ground based system The movement is depicted by an arrow The tip of the arrow represents where the cell is expected to be in 10 minutes from the time the cell location was determined 190 00356 30 Rev F 13 Part Two Section 2 XM Weather Winds Aloft WINDS The Winds Aloft selection provides the pilot with wind speed and direction The winds at a given altitude are selected in the Winds Aloft Alt below the WINDS selection The selected altitude is shown along with the product time Textual Meteor
61. to highlight an airport with a METAR flag 4 Press ENT to display the METAR text With Done highlighted press ENT to return to the map view To view any airport s Textual METAR page 1 If not viewing the WPT page group press CLR and turn the large right knob to select the WPT page group 2 Turn the small right knob until the Textual METAR page appears 3 To select another airport press the small right CRSR knob to highlight the airport ID in the APT field 4 Turn the small and large right knobs to edit the airport identifier for the desired airport Then press ENT to confirm the airport name 5 Press the small right CRSR knob again to remove the cursor that is to stop highlighting the APT field 190 00356 30 Rev F 19 Part Two Section 2 XM Weather Textual METAR TAF Code The current airport weather reports on the Textual METAR page and the airport weather forecasts on the TAF page too use a rather cryptic format originally devised for teleprinters You can find information about this format in an FAA publication Aviation Weather Formats METAR TAF which can be down loaded from the FAA Web site You may see the following codes which differ slightly from the codes described in the FAA publica tion referenced above at the start of a METAR on the Textual METAR page SA METAR a standard hourly METAR report SP SPECI a Special Report inserte
62. ude format calculated by the Garmin 400W 500W Series units is geometric height above mean sea level and could vary significantly from altitude displayed by pres sure altimeters in aircraft Never use GPS altitude to determine aircraft altitude CAUTION The Jeppesen database incorporated in the Garmin 400W 500W Series Units must be updated regularly in order to ensure that its information is current Updates are released every 28 days A database information packet is included in your Garmin 400W 500W Series Unit package Pilots using an out of date database do so entirely at their own risk CAUTION The Weather Data Link TIS TAWS and TERRAIN information contained in this Pilot s Guide Addendum is not intended to replace the documentation that is supplied with the applicable Garmin 400W 500W Series Unit and the GTX 330 Transponder The user must know how to operate the 400W 500W Series Unit and be knowledgeable of the information in the 400W 500W Pilot s Guide TIS CAUTION TIS is NOT intended to be used as a collision avoidance system and does not relieve pilot responsibility to see and avoid other aircraft TIS should not be used for avoidance maneuvers during IMC or other times when there is no visual contact with the intruder aircraft TIS is intended only to assist in visual acquisition of other aircraft in VMC Avoidance maneu vers are not recommended nor authorized as a direct result of a TIS intruder display or TIS alert While TIS
63. uses terrain and obstacle informa tion supplied by government sources The data under goes verification by Garmin to confirm accuracy of the content per TSO C151b However the displayed information should never be understood as being all inclusive Pilots must familiarize themselves with the appropriate charts for safe flight NOTE The data contained in the terrain and obstacle databases comes from government agencies Garmin accu rately processes and cross validates the data but cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the data The terrain obstacle databases are contained on a datacard which is inserted in the right most slot of the 400W 500W Series units Database Versions The version and area of coverage of each ter rain obstacle database is shown on the Terrain Data base Versions Page located in the AUX Page Group Databases are checked for integrity at power up If a database is found to be missing and or deficient the TAWS system fails the self test and displays the TAWS system failure message Terrain Database Information 190 00356 30 Rev F 37 Part Three Section 2 TAWS Operation Database Updates Terrain obstacle databases are updated periodi cally with the latest terrain and obstacle data Visit the Garmin website to check for newer versions of terrain obstacle databases Compare database cycle numbers to determine if a newer version is available The database update process includes either
64. ware in your GDL 69 or GDL 69A XM radio receiver XM WX Timestamps The XM WX Timestamp pages like the XM Information page is added to the 400W 500W s AUX page group when a GDL 69 69A is installed These pages display date time stamps showing when the various items of XM weather data were most recently downloaded Part Two Section 4 XM Audio 190 00356 30 Rev F 25 Each of these time stamps is a date time group in DDHHMMZ format where DD is the day of the month HH is the hour of the day MM is the minute of the hour Z is a time zone designator indicating that the date and time are for standard time on the Greenwich meridian that is UTC Coordi nated Universal Time Section 4 XM Audio Audio entertainment is available through the XM Satellite Radio Service when activated in the optional installation of the GDL 69A The 400W and 500W series units serve as the display and control head for your remotely mounted GDL 69A XM Satellite Radio allows you to enjoy a variety of radio programming over long distances without having to constantly search for new stations Based on signal from satellites coverage far exceeds land based transmissions When enabled the XM Satellite Radio audio entertainment is accessible in the AUX function The information on the XM Satellite Radio display is composed of four areas the Active channel avail able Channels Category of the highlighted ch
65. ws eight hyphens instead of an Part Two Section 3 XM Aux Pages 190 00356 30 Rev F 24 audio ID because the GDL 69 is a data only receiver Audio Signal The Audio Signal field indicates the signal strength of the GDL 69A s audio signal In the case of a GDL 69 this field shows antenna rather than a signal strength indica tion Data ID The Data ID field contains the eight character ID code of the XM data radio built into the GDL 69 or GDL 69A Provide this ID to XM Satellite Radio when activating your XM aviation data subscription Data Signal The Data Signal field displays an indication of the XM data signal strength Service Class Once you have activated your XM Satellite Radio service the Service Class field will show the XM subscription plan you have purchased Typical values would be Avia tor LT or Aviator Currently the 400W and 500W series only support a subset of the Avia tor LT service from XM Satellite Radio Product Aviator LT Aviator US NEXRAD CN NEXRAD Radar Coverage Precipitation Type at surface TFRs US METARs US TAFs US Winds Aloft Cell Movement Lightning NOTE If an unrecognized service class is detected Activated will be displayed along with a service class code GDL 69 Version This field shows the version number of the soft

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