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Garmin GPS 48 GPS Receiver User Manual

1. emphasis on the straight line desired course and the 0 25 py 0 25 distance and direction you are off course The bearing Lodo and distance to a waypoint along with your curren YP 8 y In this example the rack and speed are displayed at the top of the screen Highway Page indicates As you head toward your destination the middle of that you are off course to he screen provides visual guidance to your waypoint the right Steer left to get on a moving graphic highway Your present position back on course Notice the is represented by the diamond in the center of the highway always shows the course deviation scale The line down the middle o irection to turn If the he highway represents your desired track As you navi highway leads straight up gate toward a waypoint the highway will actually the page you should con ove indicating the direction you re off course rela tinue in your current ive to the position diamond on the CDI scale When rection he highway is pointing straight up the screen the way ERG DST point is directly ahead If the destination waypoint is 178 139 o the left the top of the highway will lead to the left 218 32 87 and vice versa To stay on course simply steer in the TRE SED direction the highway leads left or right until the RANDA highway leads straight up the page If you do get off the desired course by more than 1 5th of the
2. To perform an on route GOTO from the active route page 1 Highlight the desired route waypoint and press ED 2 Once the GOTO waypoint page appears with the way point highlighted press d Note that after you reach the on route GOTO way point the GPS 48 will automatically resume navigating the rest of the route in sequence using the page you were on before performing a GOTO REFERENCE Editing Routes amp On Route OK ROUTE i GONE FISHING MO HAYFHT OTR DET 1 HOHE sag 15a aF EH THSERT REHOUE H CHAHGE TOTAL DST if COPY TO 2 CLR IHU ACT Use the on screen menu to select the desired editing function ACTIVE ROUTE GOME FISHING HAYPAT ETE DST HOHE utoe oe FUEL 02 13 13 4 RAHF 05 24 92 4 EMAA 07 03 42 3 HREGK 07 59 47 9 CLR IHU ACT To edit or review a route waypoint from the active route page highlight the desired waypoint and press ENTER 45 REFERENCE Menu Page amp System Setup HAIN HEHU HAYFOIHT HAYFOIHT LIST HEAREST HFTS FROAIAITY HFTS ROUTES DIET AHD SUH HESSAGES SETUF HEHU FIND CITY The Menu Page allows the user quick access to the units setup pages DIST AHO SUH FROH HOME To POIMT ERG DST is4 145 CATE FES SUHRISE 08 24 10am SUNSET 06 12 426m AT DESTINATION The GPS 48 will calculate the sunrise and sunset times of any stored way p
3. 26 55 G GOTO 38 Getting Started Tour 6 Glossary 0 2 Going To a Waypoint 11 Graphic steering 28 H Highway Page 28 31 I VO format 2 94 spsexs 52 Initializing 6 Interface Setup 52 Inverting a Route 43 L Language Setup 55 Loran TD Positiion Format 60 M Mag Heading Reference 50 Man Overboard Function 38 Map Cursor 23 Map Datums 49 63 Map Orientation 24 Map Page 11 18 Map Setup 24 Marine Database 21 Marking a Position 32 Maximum Speed 18 Maximum Speed MXSPD 17 Menu Page 9 46 Messages x wi iss bs ai Sie aad 61 N NMEA Formats 58 Navaid Setup 27 Navigating Routes 41 Navigation Page 9 28 Navigation Setup 49 Nearest Waypoints 33 oO On Route GOTOs 45 Operating modes 47 APPENDIX E Index P PEKIC erstens me saio i 58 Panning vet ae 22 Position Accuracy 57 Position Averaging 32 Position Formats 49 Position Page 8 17 Power and Data Cables 57 Primary Pages 8 Proximity Waypoints 34 R Receiver Status 15 Reference Waypoints 35 Renaming Waypoints 37 Repairs 57 69 Routes Clearing 44 Copying 44 Creating oops a eS 43 Editing
4. TRE SFO afro 3 8 RTE 0 GanT Use the user selectable field to customize the nav igation pages ERG DST 669 27 8 afro 3 8 TRE SPD RAAF F 0 25 i 0 25 HRH Loin The turn option will show you the number of degrees you need to turn to hea directly to your destina tion 29 REFERENCE REFERENCE Using the Compass Page Destination j HRECK lt Bearing to i Compass Page Waypoint gt 98 23 9 Waypoint ERG DZT Pointer to RAHF Waypoint 869 22 8 TRE SFO Speed Over ERG DST 891 13 8 lt _ Ground ETE i S The Compass Page provides better steering guidance TRE SFo han the Highway Page for travel at slower speeds ex 218 3 67 walking and for travel with many directional changes eee The bearing BRG and distance DST to the way In this example the point are displayed at the top of the page below the Compass Page indicates that destination waypoint name The distance displayed is you are traveling in a sout he straight line distance from your present position to westerly 210 degrees he destination waypoint The bearing indicates the direction and the destination exact compass heading from you to the destination waypoint isifiorth east 163 The middle of the page features a rotating compass degrees of your current beh direction of travel ng that shows your course ove ground whil
5. 45 INVernng se oka one 43 Navigating Routes 41 On Route GOTOS 45 Route Definition Page 42 User defined route 42 67 APPENDIX E Index S Satellite Page 8 14 Scanning Waypoints 37 Screen Backlighting 13 48 Screen Contrast 13 48 Signal Strength Bars 14 Simulator 55 SKY VIEW enw eee 14 Specifications 56 Speed Filter 51 System Setup 46 T Time Format 47 Time Oliete errire 59 Tone Setting 48 TracBack Navigation 39 TracBack Tips 40 Track Log Display 25 40 Track Method 40 Track Setup 25 Trip Timer ITTIME 17 Troubleshooting 7 Turn TRN 17 Trip odometer 17 U Units of Measure 50 User defined route 42 User Grid 49 Using the Keypad 5 Using the Position Page 11 v Velocity Made Good VMG 29 WwW Warranty 69 Waypoints Comments 36 Definition Page 35 Deleting 37 Going to a Waypoint 11 Nearest Waypoints 33 Proximity Waypoints 34 Reference Waypoints 35 Renaming ss cao iw 2 37 Waypoint List 33 Waypoint Pages 33 Waypoint Symbols 23 35 Z Zooming 22 LIMITED WARRANTY GARMIN Corporation warrants this product to be free from defects in materials and manufacture for on
6. FT Pressing the LEFT or RIGHT arrows from the Satellite Page will auto matically activate the screen contrast bar 13 REFERENCE Satellite Page The GPS 48 Satellite Page will help you deter mine which satellites are in view and whether or not any satellites are being shaded or blocked from receiving satellite signals See satellite 02 above By periodically monitor ing the signal strength bars at the bottom of the page and the north up sky view you will be able to see how moving to another area with a clearer view of the sky will improve satellite reception and speed up signal acquisition 14 Satellite Page Status Field Battery Indicator a Estimated _ Skyview Display Indicators Position Error Signal Strength The GPS 485 Satellite Page displays the status of vari ous receiver functions The status information will help you understand what the GPS 48 is doing at any given time and will tell you whether or not the receiver has calculated a position fix Sky View and Signal Strength Bars The sky view and signal strength bars give you an indication of what satellites are visible to the receiver whether or not they are being used to calcul tion fix and the signal qua shows a bird s eye view of the position o satellite relative to the units last known positio outer circle represents the horizon north up circle
7. Dynamics 6g POWER Input Four 1 5 volt AA batteries or 10 32 vDC Power Consumption 1 watt Battery Life Up to 24 hours with 4 AA batteries Internal Backup lithium battery NOTE Alkaline batteries lose a significant amount of their capacity as temperature decreas es If you re using the GPS 48 in below freezing temperatures use lithium batteries for longer battery life Extensive use of screen backlighting will significantly reduce battery life Specifications subject to change without notice With optional DGPS Input Subject to accuracy degradation to 100m 2DRMS under the US DOD imposed Selective Availability Program 57 APPENDIX A Specifications amp Wiring unit view DATA IN WHITE GROUND BLACK POWER RED DATA OUT BROWN Three optional cables are available to connect the GPS 48 to an external power source or interface with another unit or PC e Cigarette Lighter Adapter Allows connection to a 12 volt DC cigarette lighter plug Part No 010 10085 00 Data Transfer Cable Allows data transfer between GARMIN GPS units The GPS 48 is com patible with the following units GPS 12 12XL 38 40 45 45XL GPS II II plus and the GPS III Information that can be transferred includes only transferra e PC Kit Interfac tor Part No 01 The following in the almanac waypoints routes and tracklog However waypoint symbols are ble from or to units that support wayp
8. GPS 48 PERSONAL NAVIGATOR ae OWNER S MANUAL amp a amp REEFERENCE Software Version 4 55 or above 1998 1999 GARMIN Corporation 1200 E 151st Street Olathe Kansas 66062 USA Tel 913 397 8200 Fax 913 397 8282 GARMIN Europe Ltd Unit 5 The Quadrangle Abbey Park Romsey Hampshire SO51 9AQ UK Tel 011 44 1794 519944 Fax 011 44 1794 519222 GARMIN Asia Corp No 68 Jangshu 24 Rd Shijr Taipei County Taiwan Tel 011 886 2 2642 9199 Fax 011 886 2 2642 9099 Web Site Address www garmin com All rights reserved Except as expressly provided herein no part of this manual may be reproduced copied transmitted disseminated downloaded or stored in any storage medium for any purpose without prior written consent of GARMIN Corporation GARMIN Corporation hereby grants permission to download a single copy of this manual onto a hard drive or other eletronic storage medium to be viewed for personal se provided that such electronic or printed copy of this manual contains the com plete text of this copyright notice and provided further that any unauthorized com nercial distribution of this manual is strictly prohibited Information in this manual is subject to change without notice GARMI Corporation reserves the right to change or improve its products and to make changes in the content without obligation to notify any person or organization of such changes Visit the GARMIN website www garmin
9. GGOSSAL Y sete ai shint orate pueden sepeP anys crciamend thls E 2 3 Navigation Basics amp Key Pad Usage amp Data Entry 4 5 SECTION TWO Getting Started Initializing for First Time Use 0 02 6 7 Primary Page Overview 1 0 0 0 arice d peiin pea 8 9 Power On amp Marking a Position 0 0 2 0 eee 10 Position Page Map Basics amp Going To A Waypoint ll Compass Page amp Cancelling A GOTO 0 000000 06 12 Clearing the Map Display Screen Contrast amp Power Off 13 SECTION THREE Reference Satellite Page cereis dereio inea tec oan EE alee toe n 14 15 Battery Level Indicator Backlighting and Emergency Erase 16 Position Page amp User Selectable Fields 0 0 17 18 Map Page amp Marine Database 0 0 0000 e eee eee 19 21 Map Page Zooming Panning amp Configuring 22 23 Map Page Track Log City amp Navaid Setup 0 0 24 27 Using the Highway amp Compass Pages 0 2 0 2 000000 28 31 Marking a Position amp Position Averaging Function 32 Waypoint Pages amp Managing Waypoints 0 33 37 Selecting a GOTO Destination amp Man Overboard 38 TrackBack Navigation 00 eee ee 39 40 Creating amp Using Routes 0 eee 41 45 Menu Page amp Distance Sun Calculation 0 000 0000000 46 SVEM OU Er E EA atnedad neath E SA a 46 48 Navigation Setu
10. Setup Windows PMG OFT q EF ed i D dd od The OPT field gives access to the map setup pages right from the Map Page The Map Pages default screen orientation is track up Track Up means that your current direction of travel is always up or towards the top of the screen It can also be set for north up or desired track up orientation 24 Using the Cursor to Mark and Go to cont You can activate a direct GOTO to any user waypoint or navaid displayed on the map To GOTO a user waypoint or navaid 1 Highlight the user waypoint or navaid by panning the map cursor to the point and press 2 Press ED then dito begin navigation To stop the panning function 1 Press Em Accessing Setup Windows You can access five additional pages the map setup track setup find city city steup and the navaid steup pages by highlighting the OPT field at the top right of the Map Page and pressing A menu will appear allowing you to select one of the features To select a setup window 1 Highlight the desired option and press eiB Map Setup Page and Orientation The map setup page lets you select the Map Page and satellite sky view see pg 14 orientation as well as spec ify what items are displayed The Map and Satellite Pages ay be oriented to NORTH UP TRACK UP the direc ion of current travel or DTK UP desired track up or he direction of trave
11. There are many dif erent light types fixed flashing occulating and direc ional are just a few of these many types There are 7 D primary light colors portrayed in the unit White Red Green Orange Yellow or Amber Violet and Blue qq 0 0 Unlit Navaids can either have a normal worded Lit and unlit navaids are description such as TR ON PILE or a special desig designated by their pri nation code for the shape and color within the descrip miary color The beginning tion string letter of the primary color will be displayed in the Fog Signal labels include type of sound whistle symbol bell horn siren or diaphone and the sound character W White istic normally blasts per time There may be an optional field showing the duration of the blast R Red G Green Radio Beacons act as short range electronic Y Yellow or Amber navaids The label includes their operating frequency and possibly the Morse Code characteristics assigned to O Orange that radio beacon by the Coast Guard B Blue or Black Racon is an acronym for RAdar beaCON The V Violet label identifies the racon station by a series of dashes and dots When triggered by a radar signal the racon transmits this coded reply which will appear on the radar display 21 REFERENCE Zooming Panning amp Configuring e eI TORT qq 0 0 A crosshair will appear when you activate the pan function The distance an
12. 2 Select 12 or 24 hour display and press d REFERENCE Date and Time Setup SYSTEM SETUF HODE Borma DATE 15 JAN oe TIHE 0 4 4 4 42pm OFFSET 07 00 HOURS 12 COHTRAST ro LIGHT 1 SEC TOHE HSG KEY The GPS 485 two operat ing modes are accesse through the system setup submenu SYSTEH SETIF HODE Hor mal DATE 15 JAH 32 TIHE 4 4 2 46pm OFFSET Ofg o0 HOURS 12 COMTRAST z LIGHT 15 SEC TOHE HSG KEY To display the correct local time you must enter the appropriate offset from the chart at the end of Appendix B 4 REFERENCE Screen Contrast Backlight Timer Tone SYSTEM SETIF HODE Hor mal DATE 15 JAH 38 TIHE O4 44 14pm OFFSET 07 00 HOURS 12 COHTRAST Lee LIGHT RITAY OH TOHE HSG KEY The Stay On setting will keep your backlighting on continuously However this will significantly reduce your battery life SYSTEM SETIF HODE Hor mal DATE 15 JAH 32 TIHE 0 4 44 40pm OFFSET 07 00 HOURS dz CONTRAST LIGHT 1 SEC TOHE MEG OHLY The tone setting has three options to customize it to your preference Screen Contrast SYSTEH SETIF HODE Hor mal DATE 15 JAH 38 TIHE O4 42 54pm OFFSET 07 00 HOURS d COHTRAST m LIGHT 1 SEC TOHE HSG KEY The GPS 48 has adjustable screen contrast con trolled by an on screen bar scale To set the screen c
13. 49 REFERENCE Map Datums CDI Units amp Heading HAN SETUF FOSITION FRHT hddd mm s s HAF DATIH ser GDI 0 25 UHITS STATUTE HEADING AUTO Eoods DEGREES SPEED FILTER AUTO The user datum feature allows you to define the earth model used to calcu late position coordinates WARNING Incorrect entries may result in sub stantial position errors HAW SETUF FOSITION FRHT hdd ram s s HAF DATIH WGS 84 CDI 0 25 UNITS BEHA HEADING AUTO Eoo4 DEGREES FEEO FILTER AUTO Three different units of measure allow you to select the correct unit for your area or use 50 Map Datums continued To select a map datum 1 Highlight the MAP DATUM field and press Gay 2 Select the desired setting and press a To define a user datum 1 Highlight the MAP DATUM field and press ei 2 Scroll through the map datum options until User appears and press a 3 Enter values for DX DY DZ DA and DF using the rocker keypad and press Ge 4 Highlight SAVE and press The setup menu will reappear CDI Scale Settings The course deviation indicator CDI field lets you select the range of the CDI bar scale on the Highway Page Three scales are available 0 25 default 1 25 and 5 0 miles or kilometers Note This CDI value represents the full deflection of scale to either side To enter a CDI scale
14. page to the Highway Page again to change the page press ENTER twice 28 Selecting a User Defined Navigation Page cont HRECK aga 273 9 Distance to ERG DST Waypoint Graphic Compass Track Over TRE SFO Ground gt 891 13 87 ETE 0i 50 User Selectable Field The ETE field located in the middle bottom of both pages is a user selectable field that allows you to display a variety of navigation values for your trip To access the user selectable field 1 Highlight ETE and press B 2 Use the keypad to scroll through the possible options The following data options are available for the Navigation Pages Estimated Time Enroute ETE the time left to your destination based on your present speed and track Estimated Time of Arrival ETA the time of day of your arrival at a destination based on cur rent ground speed and track Course to Steer CTS the bea give you the most efficient way to s your destination ring which will ay on course to Crosstrack Error XTK the distance you are off the desired course in either direction This field will give you a digital representation of the CDI scale Velocity Made Good VMG the speed you are traveling toward the destination Turn TRN the amount of correction in degrees needed to travel directly to the destination REFERENCE Navigation Pages RAAF F 869 22 07 ERG DST
15. 2nm default to 1 2nm 1 Use the arrow keys to highlight the ZM field at the top left of the Map Page and press 2 Press the arrow until Inm is shown and press Gui The Map Page shows your present position as a dia mond icon in the center of the map The house symbol labeled HOME is the waypoint you created and the line connecting the two is your track log 1 Now turn approximately 90 to your right and continue walking for another 2 3 minutes Notice how the dis play changes always keeping the direction you are Moving at the top of the map Going to a Waypoint Once you ve stored a waypoint in memory you may return to it by performing a GOTO A GOTO isa straight line course from your present position to the destination you ve selected Lets navigate back to our starting position the HOME waypoint To select a GOTO destination 1 Press EE 2 Highlight the HOME waypoint and press iB You ll notice that you ll automatically return to the Map Page and a straight line will connect your current position to the position of the GOTO waypoint Let s continue by moving to the next page 1 Press Q3 Map Page amp Going to a Waypoint Ba3 o 0 The Map Page displays your present position as a diamond icon and pro vides a real time graphic breadcrumb display of your track right on the screen GOTO HAYFOIHT FUEL at HOHE RAHP SHAPPR SHDEB
16. 5 to E022 5 1 W172 5 to W157 5 11 E022 5 to E037 5 2 W157 5 to W142 5 10 E037 5 to E052 5 3 W142 5 to W127 5 9 E052 5 to E067 5 4 W127 5 to W112 5 8 E067 5 to E082 5 5 W112 5 to W097 5 7 E082 5 to E097 5 6 W097 5 to W082 5 6 E097 5 to E112 5 7 W082 5 to W067 5 5 E112 5 to E127 5 8 W067 5 to W052 5 4 F127 5 to E142 5 9 W052 5 to W037 5 3 E142 5 to E157 5 10 W037 5 to W022 5 2 E157 5 to E172 5 11 W022 5 to W007 5 1 E172 5 to E180 0 12 W007 5 to E007 5 0 APPENDIX C The following list shows the map datums available for the GPS 48 Menu abbreviations are listed first followed Map Datums by the corresponding map datum name and area The default map datum for the GPS 48 is WGS 84 Adindan Adindan Ethiopia Mali New Georgia Islands Senegal Sudan Easter Isld 67 Easter Island 1967 Afgooye Algooye Somalia European 1950 European 1950 Austria AIN EL ABD 70 AIN EL ANBD 1970 Bahrain Belgium Denmark Finland Island Saudi Arabia France Germany Gibraltar Anna 1 Ast 65 Anna 1 Astro 65 Cocos Isl Greece Italy Luxembourg ARC 1950 ARC 1950 Botswana Netherlands Norway Lesotho Malawi Swaziland Portugal Spain Sweden Zaire Zambia Zimbabwe Switzerlan ARC 1960 ARC 1960 Kenya Tanzania European 1979 European 1979 Austria Ascnsn Isld 58 Ascension Island 58 Finland Neth
17. Porto Santo and Madiera Islands Southwest Base Faial Graciosa Pico Sao Jorge and Terceira Islands Azores fimbalai 1948 Brunei and E Malaysia Sarawak and Sabah okyo Japan Korea Okinawa ristan Astro 1968 Tristan da Cunha Viti Levu 1916 Viti Levu Fiji slands Wake Eniwetok Marshall Isl World Geodetic System 1972 World Geodetic System 1984 Zanderij Surinam APPENDIX D The following list shows the abbreviations for lit and unlit navaid labels followed by a brief description of the Navaid abbreviation Abbreviations Lit Navaid Abbreviations F Fixed continuous and steady light FL Single Flashing flash repeated on given time period not to exceed 30 per minute FL 2 Group Flashing group of regularly repeating flashes FL 2 1 Composite Group Flashing a complex light FFL Fixed and Flashing fixed light combined with a flashing light of higher intensity Q Quick Flashing light flashes at a rate of 60 flashes per minute VQ Very Quick light flashes at a rate greater than 60 flashes per minute OC Occulating alternating light and dark with duration of light longer than dark ISO Isophase alternating light and dark with duration of light and dark equal MO A Morse Code different flash durations used to represent morse code characters AL Alternating different colors flashing alternately DIR Directional prefix indicates the light is directional Lit Nava
18. a position format 1 Highlight the POSITION FRMT field and press d Select the desired setting and press D User Grid Position Format The user grid option lets you create a user defined position format by establishing factors such as longi tude of origin scale and false Easting or Northing To define a user grid 1 Select User Grid and press GB Enter values for longitude origin scale and false Easting and Northing and press Gly Highlight SAVE and press dD Map Datums The MAP DATUM field comes with a WGS 84 default setting Although 106 total map datums are available for use see Appendix D for map datums you should only change the datum if you are using maps or charts that specify a different datum than WGS 84 REFERENCE Navigation Setup amp User Grid HAU SETUF FOSITIOH FRAT Dddd mm ss s HAF ORATOR WGS amp 4 GDI 40 25 UNITS STATUTE HEADIAG AUTO E0 4 DEGREES SPEED FILTER AUTO The position format may be set to display your choice of many formats Note degree and minutes is the default setting HAW SETUF FOSITION FRHT hddd mm s s HAF DATIH Mas s4 CDI 0 25 UHITS STATUTE HEADING AUTO Bode DEGREES FEED FILTER AUTO The default map datum covers world wide naviga tion However if you are using a paper map or chart which uses a differ ent map datum than WGS 84 then you may wish to switch to that datum
19. a route comment 4 Enter your comment and press the key ROUTE IUY EEN 5 Enter the first waypoint of your route and press G3 As you continue entering the rest of your waypoints the list will automatically scroll down MO HAYFHT OTR DET Whenever you activate a route it will automatically select the route leg closest to your position as the active leg As you pass each waypoint in the route the ilapa IS were receiver will automatically sequence and select the next eo waypoint as the active to waypoint CLR IHU ACT Activating and Inverting Routes sie Ane he Bel You may use up to 16 After a route has been entered it can be either acti characters to custom vated in sequence or inverted from the route definition name a route The default page The process of activating or inverting a stored name will be the first an route takes a storage route routes 1 19 and copies it last waypoint in the route into the active route route 0 for navigation The stor age route is now no longer needed and will be retained ROUTE amp in its original format under its existing route number GOME FISHING WO HAYFHT DTH DST This system allows you to have an active route that you may edit during navigation and save as an entirely As dam ida new route from the original You will have to copy the arul F Y active route to an unused storage route to save it since d FOIW
20. and should be replaced No DGPS Position Not enough data is available to compute a DGPS position No RICM Input Beacon receiver is improperly connected or baud rates do not match Poor GPS Coverage The GPS 48 cannot acquire the necessary number of satellites to com pute a position Try another location with a clearer view of the sky Power Down and Re init The GPS 48 is not able to calculate a position due to abnormal satellite conditions Turn the unit off and verify the last position shown by other means Try the unit again later possibly in a different location PROX Alarm You have entered the alarm circle for a specific proximity waypoint Proximity Overlapped The alarm circles of two proximity waypoints overlap which could cause difficulty in monitoring distances to each waypoint Proximity Wpt can t be Deleted The waypoint you are trying to delete is listed as a proximi ty waypoint and must be removed from the list before it can be deleted Read Only Mem has Failed The permanent memory has failed and the unit is not operable Received an Invalid WPT A waypoint was received during upload transfer that has an invalid identifier Receiver has Failed A failure in receiver hardware has been detected If this message persists do not use the unit and take it to an authorized dealer for repair Route is Full You have attempted to add more than 30 waypoints to a route Route is not Empty You have attempted to
21. com for current updates and sup plemental information concerning the use and operation of this and other GARMI products GARMIN Personal Navigator AutoLocate TracBack and PhaseTrac12 are all trademarks of GARMIN Corporation and may not be used without the express pe mission of GARMIN Corporation December 1999 Part Number 190 00141 00 Rev B Printed in Taiwan INTRODUCTION G P S A 8 Packing List OWNER S MANUAL Thank you for choosing the GARMIN GPS 48 the smallest easiest to use GPS navigator for outdoor use The GPS 48 represents GARMINS continuing commitment to provide quality navigation information in a versatile and user friendly flexible design you ll enjoy for years To get the most from your new GPS take the time to read through the owners man ual in order to understand the operating features of the GPS 48 This manual is organized into four sections for your convenience 2 Introduction gives a quick overview of the manual and contains the able of contents and the glossary of navigational terms Getting Started introduces you to the basic features of the unit and provides a quick start orientation to the GPS 48 Reference provides details about the advanced features and opera ions of the GPS 48 by topic The Appendix section contains initialization instructions and items with multiple listings such as map datums time offsets and the index Be
22. display options NAME WITH SYM BOL SYMBOL ONLY or COMMENT WITH SYMBOL 4 Press to confirm the DONE prompt 5 Press again on the waypoint definition page to return to the Map Page Using the Cursor to Mark and Go to Waypoints During panning the crosshair represents a target position right on the Map Page with the range and bear ing to the target displayed at the top corners of the screen You can use the target crosshair to mark a new MAP waypoint to activate a direct map GOTO or to GOTO a user waypoint or navaid right from the map To mark the target crosshair as a new waypoint 1 Press BBQ 2 Enter a name and or route number and press a You can also use the target crosshair as an instant GOTO destination This feature is similar to the MOB mode and will allow you to mark and instantly set a course for a new waypoint called MAP To go to the target crosshair 1 Press and press D To save the MAP waypoint be sure to rename it because it will be overwritten with the next MAP GOTO REFERENCE Zooming Panning amp Configuring EYHEOL OISFLAY HAHE HITH ZYHEOL DOHE You may custom tailor the Map Page to show way points by any of three options HERIT 176 1 42 a6 0 0 Marking a Cursor Position To mark a new waypoint with the crosshair simply pan to the desired position and press the MARK key 23 REFERENCE
23. each satellite being used allow you to monitor satellite signal reception Position Page and strength The Position Page shows you where you are what nae Hl Os direction you re heading and how fast you re going The top of the page contains a compass tape which TRACK SFEED a56 7 0 is a graphic representation of your heading Your track TRIF ALT and speed are indicated immediately below 0 1 OF H prey wert The graphic compass tape reflects your head WOd4 47 941 ing only while you are moving TIHE 03 40 36am The rest of the page shows your current position in three dimensions latitude longitude and altitude A I trip odometer and 12 24 hour clock are also provided Position Page Map Page The Map Page acts as a window It allows you to view your position the path you have traveled over and nearby navaids cities and waypoints A diamond icon in the center of the screen repre sents your current position As you move you will see a thin line called a track log appear along the path you have just covered The GPS 48 contains a built in marine database that displays city locations and nautical navaids on the moving map The database is covered on pages 21 22 The bottom corners of the map will always display your current track and speed When going to a way point highlighting an on screen waypoint or using the panning target crosshair the corresponding distance and bearing a
24. quickly identify the type of navaid There are 10 symbols representing the different types of navaids qq 0 0 Navaid labels contain e Foghorn abbreviated descriptions of the navaids To view the label highlight the navaid or zoom in until the navaid label is visible Racon Radio Beacon HEMAT D aybeacon red triangle Bas 576 2 JICTORIA SEATTLE Daybeacon green square ILYHFIA Daybeacon white diamond PORTLAND qqntALEM gg Lit Navaid color indicated in symbol City locations are dis played on the map To configure the city loca tions highlight OPT press ENTER and select CITY SETUP Lit Navaid multicolor Unlit Navaid color indicated in symbol Unlit Navaid multicolor wat oat oF BF 20 REFERENCE Marine Database cont Lit and unlit navaids are designated by the primary color The navaid symbol will have the first letter in 3 the primary color displayed in the symbol Marine Information about the navaid is contained in the navaid label The navaid label can be activated two ways either by reaching the label zoom scale set in navaid setup see page 27 or by panning the map cur sor to the navaid see page 22 The navaid label con ains an abbreviated description of the navaid Lit Navaids have a description string with two equired parts type of light s color of light s and an i g optional third period of light s
25. selected CDI range the exact distance you are off course will be displayed where the CDI scale TRH setting normally appears If you get too far off course L dot the highway has disappeared a message box will If you get too far off appear to indicate what course to steer to get back on course a message box will course For information on how to set this scale see appear to indicate what pg 44 As you approach a waypoint a horizontal course to steer to get back finish line will move toward the bottom of the high on course most efficiently way When the finish line reaches the CDI scale you ve arrived at your destination 31 REFERENCE Marking a Position HARK POSITION Was point p i a H 37455 SBE Wize 24 p23 Add to route namber F 34 15 AVERAGE Ena After initiating the posi tion averaging function a Figure of Merit value will be displayed and the SAVE field will auto matically be highlighted HARK POSITION Was point 5ail a H 37435 43 Wiee 24 472 Add to route number ME FOoM AUERAGE SANE The GPS 48 will save new waypoints with a defaul three digit name To add the waypoint to a route enter the desired route number highlight SAVE and press ENTER 32 Marking a Position The GPS 48 allows you to mark and store up to 500 position as waypoints A waypoint can be entered by taking an instant electronic f
26. selected the GPS 48 will automatically tune itself or display a default fre quency Interface Setup The GPS 485 interface page lets you specify the for mats for connecting external devices There are six options GRMN GRMN None None RTCM None RTCM NMEA NMEA NMEA and None NMEA Each option lists the input format first followed by the output format To select T O format 1 Highlight the 1 0 field and press i 2 Select the desired setting and press d amp a The GRMN GRMN setting is a proprietary format that lets you exchange information such as waypoints routes and track logs between two GARMIN GPS units or a GARMIN GPS and a PC There are eight data trans fer options send alm send wpt send trk send rte request alm request wpt request trk request rte To select a transfer option 1 Highlight HOST and press D 2 Select a desired setting and press a To disable all interfacing capabilities select the None None setting If you want to output NMEA data without any differential input capability select None NMEA Once a NMEA output setting has been selected the NMEA field will become highlighted NMEA formats 0180 0183 or 0183 1 5 or 2 0 are available The data transfer rate can be set to 130 300 600 1200 2400 4800 or 9600 baud DGPS Interface The last two format settings allow the differential ready GPS 48 to accept RTCM DGPS corrections in RTCM 104 version 2 0 format Using DGPS co
27. setting 1 Highlight the CDI SCALE field and press Qa 2 Select the desired setting and press d amp a Units of Measure The GPS 48 lets you select statute default nauti cal or metric units of measure for all speed and dis tance fields To change the unit of measure 1 Highlight the UNITS field and press i 2 Select the desired unit of measure and press a Magnetic Heading Reference The GPS 485 heading information can be displayed referencing magnetic north automatic or user defined true north or calculated grid headings The default set ting is automatic magnetic north which is suitable for most applications The heading units can be configured to display in degrees or mils Magnetic Heading Reference cont To select a heading reference 1 Highlight the HEADING field and press Gm 2 Select the desired heading preference and press ENTER To enter a user defined magnetic heading 1 Select User Mag and press Quy 2 Enter the degrees and direction of magnetic variation and press Pvc To select heading units for display 1 Highlight the present unit selection and press i 2 Select the desired units and press i Speed Filter The speed filter allows you to determine how the GPS48 responds to changes in track or ground speed Three settings are available automatic on or off The Auto setting is the default and will monitor changes in your current tr
28. 01 52 The Compass Page is the default navigation page and will show you the way to the waypoint from the direction you are moving GETTING STARTED Power On amp Marking a Position HELCOHE TO THE GARMIN GPS 48 SOFTHARE 4 55 COPYRIGHT 36 1555 13 GARHIH CORF The Welcome Page will be shown while the unit con ducts a self test HATFOIHT HOnfa__ H 39 53 737 Wizi 24 064 15 JAN 98 00 12 REF maoan ERG DST 278 id2i REHAHE HEH DELETE DONE Press the UP arrow to move forward through the alphabet or numbers and the DOWN arrow to move backward 10 Getting Started Tour Now that you ve seen the primary pages lets get started by taking a simple tour to show you the basics about using your GPS 48 The tour assumes that your unit has been turned on initialized and that none of the factory settings units of measure selectable fields etc have been changed If these settings have been changed the pictures and descriptions you see in this manual may not match what you see on your screen Turning the GPS 48 On 1 Press until the receiver turns on The welcome page will appear while the unit con ducts a self test Once testing is complete the Satellite Page will appear When sufficient satellite signals have been acquired the Satellite Page will be replaced by the Position Page If your unit acquires a position rapidly it will sk
29. AR Raa CANCEL GOTO TRACEACK FIND CITY The GOTO waypoint page allows you to select a destination from a list of all available waypoints in the GPS 48 s memory 11 GETTING STARTED Highway Page amp Cancelling a GOTO RAHF o afro 22 1 ERG DST TRE SFO B68 37 8 ETE 37 02 The GPS48 will also provide steering guidance with a Graphic Compass display GOTO HAYTFOLNT i FUEL t HOHE RAHP n SNHAPPR SHDBAR HRECK CAHGEL GOTO TRACEBACK FIND CITY Once a GOTO is activat ed the GPS 48 provides steering guidance until the GOTO is canceled To cancel a GOTO highlight the cancel prompt at the bottom of the page and press ENTER 12 Highway Page Bearing to Distance to Waypoint a ERG DET Waypoint eam Track Over oy ATS Oe Speed Over Ground TRE SFD m E y RAMF o Destination Waypoint CDI Scale Graphic 0 25 oqe User Selectable Highwa lt i ighway 3457 Field The GPS 485 Highway Page provides graphic steering guidance to a destination waypoint with emphasis on he straight line desired course the distance and direc ion you are off course As you head toward your destination the middle of he screen provides visual guidance to your waypoint on a moving graphic highway Your present position is represented by the diamond in the center of the CDI scale The line down the middle of the highway
30. D CITY To select a waypoint sub menu highlight the desired option and press ENTER HEAREST HETE HAYENT ERG DST EMDEAR dBi 5 32 RAHF O74 8 48 SWAPPR 243 9 90 FUEL 44 40 7 WRECK 467 13 4 HOHE O06 idk Nearest Waypoints Page The compass heading BRG and distance DST to the nine nearest waypoints are updated continuously 33 REFERENCE Proximity Waypoints WAYPOINT LIST OPTIONS F 1 DELETE ALL a SHAPPR SHDBAR WRECK Deleting waypoints by symbol enables you to delete a specific group of waypoints without losing all other waypoints FROAIMITY HFTS HAYFOLMT DET MAREE Ban CARH 2 REHOIE CLEAR ALL Quickly edit proximity waypoints by highlighting the waypoint name an pressing ENTER 34 Waypoint List Page continued An options page will appear asking if you want to delete all user defined waypoints or if you want to delete waypoints by symbol type 1 Highlight either ALL or SYMBOL and press iS If you highlight SYMBOL you ll be asked to select a symbol 1 Select the symbol to be deleted and press d amp a 2 Press to confirm the DONE prompt highlight the YES prompt and press D Note This feature is handy for deleting temporary waypoints created by the TracBack function Proximity Waypoints The GPS 485 proximity waypoint function warns you when you are getting too close to
31. EN can Distance to Bearing to pore 7 Waypoint Waypoint Present lt _T Position FLR Aas ee i rare GREEN CAH rack Over peed Over q Ground Ba 0 0 Ground pe J The Map Page shows your position and surroundings and provides you with a target cursor that lets you pan at Rds ahead to determine the distance and bearing to a map position mark new waypoints and goto waypoints while 44 0 0 ou navigate The Map Page is broken down into two ee 8 Pag Note A map scale repre sections control fields and map section sents the distance shown The zoom function panning control and configura from the bottom to the top tion fields are located at the top of the screen The zoom of the Map Page For function uses 12 selectable zoom ranges from 0 2 to 320 example when viewing miles or 0 5 to 600 km Using the zoom panning and the 10 mile scale the dis configure fields will be addressed in the next section tance represented between the top of the screen and The map portion of the page displays your present bottom is 10 miles position as a diamond icon your track and or route as a solid line marine database points see page 20 and waypoints by squares or the selected symbol the way point name or comment may also be displayed Range Rings may be displayed to help estimate distances You qe RAN may select which of these features are shown through the di 3 map setup submenu pag
32. H DELETE DONE Scanning waypoints from the waypoint definition page gives you instant access to a specific way points information 37 REFERENCE GOTO HATFOLNT i FUEL T HOHE RAHP a SHAPPR SHDBAR _ HHA CANCEL GOTO TRACEACK FIND CITY Select a destination way point from the GOTO waypoint list HOE a 176 6 61 ERG DST TRE SFO 176711 8 ETE gone Once the MOB mode has been activated steering guidance will be provided by the Compass or Highway Page Activating another MOB will over write the previous MOB waypoint 38 Selecting a GOTO Destination The GPS 48 provides four ways to navigate to a des tination GOTO MOB TracBack and route navigation The most basic method of selecting a destination is the GOTO function which lets you choose any stored way point as the destination and quickly sets a direct course from your present position To activate the GOTO function 1 Press EE 2 Select the waypoint you want to navigate to and press ENTER Once a GOTO waypoint has been activated the Compass Page or Highway Page will provide steering guidance to the destination until either the GOTO is cancelled or the unit has resumed navigating the active route see pg 30 To cancel an active GOTO 1 Press the key 2 Highlight CANCEL GOTO and press Gi Man Overboard Function The GPS 485 man overboard function MOB lets you simul
33. IHUE ACQUIRING EZinit Option Prompt 46852591__ The Satellite Page also provides access to the EZinit prompt whenever a position fix has not been calculat ed The unit must be in searching AutoLocate acquiring simulator or poor coverage mode This allows you to reinitialize the unit and is useful if you have traveled over 500 miles with the receiver off If you travel over 500 miles with the receiver off you may reinitialize the unit to your new posi tion by using the EZinit feature To access EZinit The EZinit prompt will automatically appear if the press ENTER from the receiver needs to be initialized The prompt may also Satellite Status Page appear during normal use if the antenna is shaded or before any satellites are the unit is indoors acquired 15 REFERENCE Battery Level Backlighting amp Emergency Erase 0 Al EFE 43 z oy FT a5 fz When backlighting is on a bulb icon will appear on the Satellite Page Use the icon to determine if backlighting is turned on during daylight hours DEL ALL HFTS HARING all waypoints and routes Will be deleted Are You sure MH or Ho Upon activating the Emergency Erase Function you will be asked to confirm your decision 16 Battery Level Indicator The Satellite Page also features a battery level indica tor located to the left of the sky view which displays the strength of the unit
34. ING SECONDARY SECONDARY SECONDARY A eee STATION STATION STATION DR EEREES or EG FEED FILTER UY Zula Bankee AUTO To change the Setup TD settings 1 Highlight the Position Frmt field on the navigation setup menu and press Ge Select LORAN TD and press Gig 2 Select the field to change and press Gag 3 Highlight the new setting and press Gg 60 The GPS 48 uses a flashing on screen message indica APPENDIX B tor to alert you to important information Whenever the message indicator appears press PAGE to view the mes sage page There are two types of messages temporary alerts and condition alerts Temporary alerts are cleared from the message page after viewing while condition alerts remain until the condition has been resolved Pay careful attention to all messages for your own safety Messages amp Time Offsets Active WPT Can t be Deleted You have attempted to change the active to or active from waypoint Clear the active route or GOTO before making your changes Accuracy has been Degraded The accuracy of the GPS 48 has been degraded beyond 500 meters due to poor satellite geometry or data quality You should check other navigational sources to verify the position indicated Already Exists The name you are entering already exists in the GPS 48 s memory Approaching You are one minute away from reaching a destination waypoint Battery Power is Low The batteries are low
35. P option and press D 2 Highlight CLEAR LOG press d highlight Yes and press dB To activate a TracBack route 1 Press ED highlight TRACBACK and press di Once the TracBack function has been activated the GPS 48 will take the track log currently stored in memo ry and divide it into segments called legs Up to 30 emporary waypoints will be created to mark the most significant features of the track log in order to duplicate your exact path as closely as possible These points will be indicated by a TOOL number on the waypoint list and by a T symbol on the Map Page The active route page will appear showing a route rom your present position to the oldest track log point in memory Steering guidance to each waypoint will be provided back to the starting point of your track log Note You may delete a TracBack waypoint from a route but only if the route is not active REFERENCE TracBack Navigation i 1024 PTS CLEAR Loe Hoe 174 aie WARNING Setting the track record ing to OFF will disable the TracBack function GOTO HAYPOINT ih FUEL Gt HOHE RAHP a SHAPPR SHDEBAR HRECK CANCEL GOTO FIND CITY To begin navigation of a TracBack route highlight the TracBack prompt and press enter 39 REFERENCE Tips On the TracBack Feature e Always clear your track log at the exact point that Tips on you want to go ba
36. T OBE ta new route or TracBack activation overwrites route 0 5 nis Sak To activate a route Tera pet iri CORY TO CLR IHU 1 From the route definition page highlight the ROUTE field To activate a route high 2 Enter the route number to be activated and press light the ACT prompt x and press ENTER 3 Highlight ACT and press dD To activate a route in inverted order 1 Follow the steps above but select INV and press ENTER 43 REFERENCE Active Route Page ACTIVE ROUTE GOME FISHING HAYPAT ETE DST HOHE ut FUEL 2 18 13 8 RAHF 05 30 33 0 SMDEAR 07 08 42 8 HREGK 08 05 48 5 CLR IHU ACT Active Route Page Whenever you have an active route the active route page will appear in the primary page sequence after the Compass Highway Page ROUTE i GONE FISHING MO HAYFHT OTR DET 1 HOHE sag isa i or 4 SMDEARE TS 7 8 g unecn DOT 45 6 TOTAL DST if cory To B CLR IHU ACT To copy a route select an open storage route and press the ENTER key If you select a route that is already used you ll be alerted with a Route Full message 44 Active Route Page Once a route has been activated the active route page will display the waypoint sequence of your route with the estimated time enroute ETE at your present speed and the distance to each waypoint As long as you are navigating an active
37. TO __ Distance a CLR IM ACT Function Prompts The GPS 48 lets you create and store up to 20 routes of 30 waypoints each The bottom of the route definition page features several function fields which let you copy clear invert or activate the displayed route Routes 1 19 are used as storage routes with route 0 always serving as the active route you are navigating If you want to save a route thats currently in route 0 be sure to copy it to another open route as it will be overwritten by the next route activation Routes can be copied cleared inverted and activat ed through the route definition page To select the route definition page 1 Highlight ROUTES from the Menu Page and press amp The route number field is displayed at the top of the page with a 16 character user comment field to the right If no user comment is entered the field dis plays the first and last waypoint in the route The way point list on the left side of the page accepts up to 30 waypoints for each route with fields for desired track and distance between legs The total route distance is indicated below the waypoint list Creating and Navigating Routes REFERENSE To create a route from the route definition page 1 Highlight the ROUTE field and press E Creating amp 2 Enter a route number and press Gap Only open Navigating routes will be available Routes 3 Press to begin entry of
38. ack and speed and adjust the receivers response time up to 255 seconds Selecting a higher setting may be desirable in slow speed applications with frequent changes in track To enter a value for the speed filter 1 Highlight the SPEED FILTER field and press amp 2 Select the ON option and press amp 3 Highlight the speed value field and press amp 4 Press the key to confirm the selection REFERENCE Speed Filter HA SETUF FOSITION FRHT hddd mm ss s HAF DATIH WGS 84 GDI 0 25 UHITS STATUTE HEADING SER Eoog DEGREES SPEED FILTER AUTO To enter a user define magnetic variation selec the User Mag option an enter the desired direction and value HAU SETUF FOSITION FRHT hddd mm ss s HAF DATIH WGS 34 CDI 0 25 UHITS STATUTE HEADING UZER Boo DEGREES SPEED FILTER OH Moz sec The speed filter smooths the speed reading in rough waters or any environ ment where there are rapid speed fluctuations 51 REFERENCE Interface Setup IHTERFACE FICH HMEA HMEAR 0183 2 0 4300 baud EEACOH RECUR FREG ___ KHz RATE 100hps DIST Y SHR __dE Ho Status Choose an interface option based upon what equipment you are using to transfer information THTERFACE RICM HMEA HMEA Di 300 baud EEACOH RECUR FREJ 304 OKHz RATE 100bps DIST _ _m SHR dE Tuning Once the RTCM option is
39. age with the EZinit prompt s ready for you to select one of two initialization n i methods Select Country allows you to initialize the HELCOHE To THE receiver by selecting your present position from a G aRNIN list of countries in the GPS 485 internal database This method usually provides a position fix in a GPS AB inane SOFTHARE 4 55 mM initiali FTHORE di Autolocate allows the GPS 48 to initialize 19396 15935 itself and calculate a position fix without knowing GARHIN CORF a your present position This usually provides a posi Welcome Page tion fix in 3 5 minutes The EZinit prompt can be activated from the satel lite page by pressing the key if the unit has not acquired satellites Note If the EZinit prompt appears after you have initialized the receiver due to the antenna s view of satellites being obstructed highlight the NO RE INIT selection with the arrow keypad and press To initialize the receiver 1 If the COUNTRY option is not highlighted press the w key repeatedly to move the field highlight to the COUNTRY option 2 Press the key 3 Use the w key to scroll through the list options until the country of your present location appears If the country you re in is not listed select another country within 500 miles of your present position 4 Use the 4 key to highlight the country state region you re in 5 Press to fin
40. an abbreviated spelling of the city name REFERENCE FIHO CITY FRINGGJIELD___ LOUISIAWA UMITED STATES OF HM 30 25 399 WOO 32 980 REF ERG DST 152 p29 SHOH HAFF GOTO Garmin exclusive Find City function allows the user to search for a city by spelling the city name To quickly scroll through duplicate city locations continue pressing the up or down arrow for the next city state region FIHO CITY SPRINGFIELD LOUISIANA UMITED STATES OF HM 30 25 599 WOO 32 380 REF ERG DST 152 p29 SHOW HAF To GOTO a city location highlight GOTO at the bot tom of the find city page and press ENTER 55 REFERENCE Navigation Simulator SYSTEM SETUF HODE Bimulator DATE 15 JAN oe TIHE 9 ids OFFSET 07 00 HOURS 24 COHTRAST i LIGHT 15 SEC TOHE HSG KEY Select the simulator mode from the operation mode choices and press ENTER You may return to normal operation by changing the operation mode or by turning the unit off 56 Navigation Simulator The GPS 485 simulator mode lets you practice all aspects of its operation without active satellite acquisi tion You can plan and practice trips enter new way points and routes and save them for use during normal operation To activate the simulator 1 From the Menu Page highlight SYSTEM SETUP and press Gig 2 Highlight the MODE field and p
41. ar ing to your destination will now be replaced by the dis ance and bearing from your present position to the tar get crosshair When you pan around the map you ll notice the arget crosshair will snap to on screen waypoints or navaids and highlight the waypoint name or navaid Once a waypoint name is highlighted you can either eview its waypoint definition page or waypoint display options or execute a GOTO function right from the Map Page To exit the pan function 1 Press the key To review the waypoint definition page for a high lighted waypoint 1 Press while the waypoint is highlighted Zooming Panning and Configuring cont From the waypoint definition page you can also define how each individual waypoint is displayed on the map The GPS 48 displays waypoints as a name with a corresponding symbol e g nearest fuel and a gas pump symbol a symbol only e g a fish symbol or a 16 character comment and corresponding symbol e g great view and the camp site symbol The waypoint name has a six character limit while the comment field has a 16 character limit and there are 16 individual waypoint symbols available To select a waypoint display option 1 Highlight the symbol field to the right of the name field and press B 2 Move the cursor to the DISPLAY field and press ENTER 3 Select a display option and press to select one of the following
42. au 1948 ertau 1948 West Malaysia sland New Zealand Singapore Chua Astro Chua Astro Paraguay L C 5 Astro Cayman Brac Island Corrego Alegr Corrego Alegre Brazil Liberia 1964 Liberia 1964 Liberia Djakarta Djakarta Batavia Sumatra Luzon Mindanao Luzon Mindanao Island Island Indonesia Luzon Philippine Luzon Philippines Dos 1968 Dos 1968 Gizo Island excluding Mindanao Island 63 APPENDIX C Map Datums 64 Mahe 1971 Marco Astro Massawa Merchich Midway Ast 61 Minna NAD27 Alaska NAD27 Bahamas NAD27 Canada NAD27 Canal Zone NAD27 Caribbn NAD27 Central NAD27 CONUS NAD27 Cuba NAD27 Grnland NAD27 Mexico NAD27 San Sal NAD83 Nhrwn Masirah Nhrwn Saudi A Nhrwn United A Naparima BWI Obsrvtorio 66 Old Egyptian Mahe 1971 Mahe Island Marco Astro Salvage Island Massawa Eritrea Ethiopia Merchich Morocco Midway Astro 61 Midway Minna Nigeria North American 1927 Alaska North American 1927 Bahamas excluding San Salvador Island North American 1927 Canada and Newfoundland North Am 1927 Canal Zone North American 1927 Caribbean Barbados Caicos Islands Cuba Dom Rep Grand Cayman Jamaica Leeward and Turks Islands orth American 1927 Central America Belize Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Nicaragua orth Am 1927 Mean Value orth American 1927 Cuba orth American 1927 Greenland Hayes Peninsula American 1927 Mexico orth Amer
43. ause of position errors caused by Selective Trip Odometer TRIP total distance Availability traveled since last reset the Position Page Trip Timer TTIME total cumulative time in which a ground speed has been main eo ETTA tained since last reset A567 7 0 Elapsed Time ELPSD hours and min RIF ALT utes since last reset 4 9 05 Average Speed AVSPD average speed H prey og traveled WOd4 47 941 Maximum Speed MXSPD maximum TIHE speed traveled since last reset 11 10 520m Altitude ALT vertical distance above sea The user selectable fields level on the Position Page give To change a user selectable field you a variety of informa tion to choose from 1 Highlight the desired field and press a 2 Select the new field and press to confirm 17 REFERENCE Maximum Speed amp Altitude Fields TRACK SFEED 356 T 07 ALT FOSITIOH H 38 51 459 WOd4 47 941 TIHE 1i 1i 4 am The user selectable fields on the Position Page give you a variety of informa tion to choose from Resetting the trip odometer will erase the previous mileage and set the odometer to 0 TRACK SFEED 32596 7 0 TRIF ALT 5 1 oofoo FOSITION H 38 51 569 w gdtdr S41 TIHE 11 12 324m You may enter your exact altitude to assist the GPS 48 in establishing a more accurate fix when operat ing in 2D mode 18 Position Page cont T
44. aypoints waypoint list and waypoint defini tion can be accessed through the Menu Page To select a waypoint page 1 Access the Menu Page and highlight a waypoint page option 2 Press d Nearest Waypoints Page The nearest waypoints page shows the nine nearest user waypoints that are within 100 miles of your pre sent position with the bearing and distance noted for each waypoint This page will also let you retrieve a waypoint definition page or GOTO a selected waypoint right from the list To review the waypoint definition page of a selected waypoint 1 Highlight the desired waypoint 2 Press dE To return to the nearest waypoint page 1 Highlight DONE 2 Press Qi To go to a highlighted list waypoint 1 Highlight the desired waypoint and press Gay 2 Press dE Waypoint List Page The waypoint list page provides a complete list of all waypoints currently stored in the GPS 48 and their respective waypoint symbols The total number of empty and used waypoints is also indicated From the waypoint list page you can retrieve a waypoint defini tion page delete all user defined waypoints delete waypoints by symbol or review and perform a GOTO to a selected waypoint To delete all user defined waypoints 1 Highlight DELETE WPTS and press Gia REFERENCE Waypoint Pages HAIN HEHU HAYFOIHT HAYFOIHT LIST HEAREST HFTE FROAIMITY HFTS ROUTES DIST AHD SUH HESSAGES SETUF HEHU FIN
45. ck to trail head truck etc TrackBack The RECORD option on the track log setup page Navigation can be set to either the WRAP or FILL positions There must be at least two track log points stored in memory to create a TracBack route SEREF AM OFT If there are not enough available waypoints in Sa Dae memory to create a TracBack route you will be alerted with a waypoint memory full message and he receiver will use any available waypoints to cre ate a TracBack route with an emphasis on the track og closest to the destination the oldest track log point in memory Fa If the METHOD option on the track log setup page is set to a time interval the TracBack route a 11 0 may not follow your exact path Keeping the criteria set to automatic will always provide the most detailed TracBack route The track log will be divided into segments with ae temporary waypoints to If the receiver is turned off or you lose satellite cov create a route back to the erage during your trip the TracBack route will sim beginning of the track log ply draw a straight line between any point where coverage was lost and where it resumed If the changes in direction and distance of you tack log are complex 30 waypoints may not be enough to accurately mark your exact path The receiver will then assign the 30 waypoints to the most significant points of your track and
46. comments It is also used to delete an individual waypoint from memo ry see pg 37 To create a new waypoint manually you ll need to know its position coordinates or its approximate distance and bearing from an existing waypoint To create a waypoint by entering coordinates 1 From the waypoint definition page highlight NEW and press 2 Enter a waypoint name and press GiB 3 Press to select a waypoint symbol make your selection and press S 4 Highlight the DONE prompt and press to return to the waypoint page 5 Highlight the position field enter your position and press Gig 6 Press to confirm the DONE prompt Reference Waypoints To create a new waypoint manually without know ing its position coordinates you ll need to enter its bearing and distance from an existing waypoint or your present position To create a new waypoint by referencing a stored waypoint REFERENCE Waypoint Definition Page HAYFOIHT HRECK H 37 49 160 Wize 23 233 15 JAW 58 00 17 REF BNDBAR ERG DET izi 1 90 REHAHE HEH DELETE DONE The GPS 485 advanced waypoint planning fea tures allow you to create new waypoints and prac tice navigation without ever setting foot outside If you create a new way point by entering coordi nates from a map you may want to re mark the waypoints exact position once you get there To re define an existing wayp
47. confirm Position Page REFERENCE The second page in the GPS 485 primary page sequence is the Position Page This page shows you where you are what direction you re heading and how Position Page fast you re going and its most useful when you are travel ing without an active destination waypoint The graphic heading display at the top of the page indicates the direc tion you re heading while you re moving Directly below this display are the track speed and ban 345M O45 trip odometer and altitude fields default Track is the ry compass direction representing your course over the TRE oem ground and speed is how fast you re moving The center emer Tl ee of the page shows your current latitude and longitude in o 1 OF degrees and minutes The GPS 48 uses this basic infor FPOSITION mation to mark exact positions as waypoints which help H 30151 433 guide you from one place to another The lower center of Woda a the page is a 12 or 24 hour clock OAA Abam Both the trip odometer and the altitude fields are user selectable Both fields offer a trip odometer trip timer The speed and track dis and elapsed time The left field offers additional selec played on the Position tions for average speed and maximum speed the right Page may fluctuate at field for altitude slow speeds or when The following user selectable options are available on oute standing silh bec
48. copy into a route already in use Route Waypoint Can t be Deleted The waypoint you are trying to delete is part of a route Delete the waypoint from the route before removing it from memory Route Waypoint was Deleted A route waypoint entered does not exist in the database and has been deleted from the route APPENDIX B Messages amp Time Offsets RTCM Input has Failed DGPS data being received has been lost You are no longer receiv ing the beacon signal Searching the Sky The GPS 48 is in searching the sky for almanac data or the unit is in AutoLocate mode Stored Data was Lost All waypoints routes time and almanac data has been lost due to battery failure or clearing the receivers memory Track Memory is Full All track log points in memory have been used You must either delete the current tracklog or switch the record option to WRAP which will begin erasing the oldest tracklog points as new ones are added Transfer has been Completed The receiver is finished uploading or downloading informa tion to the connected device WPT Memory is Full You have used all 500 waypoints in the GPS 48 Delete unwanted waypoints to make room for new entries Time Offset Chart The table below gives approximate UTC time offset for various longitudinal zones If you are in daylight savings time add one hour to the offset Longitudinal Zone Offset Longitudinal Zone Offset W180 0 to W172 5 12 E007
49. d direction of the crosshair from your current position will be shown in the upper corners of the Map Page OFT 176 0 14 ay 44 0 0 On Screen Pointing The crosshair will snap to displayed waypoints which allows you to quick ly review or go to the selected waypoint right from the Map Page Zooming Panning and Configuring There are three main functions you can perform from the Map Page zooming panning and configur ing changing the map and track setup Each of these functions has its own field which may be selected and activated for use Whenever the Map Page first appears the zoom field at the top left is always highlighted The map has 12 map scales which are selected through the zoom function field To select a zoom scale 1 Use the arrow keypad to highlight the zoom field 2 Press the key to begin range selection 3 Select a range scale and press iB The second function field on the Map Page is the pan field located at the top middle of the screen The pan function allows you to move the map with the four arrow keys to view areas outside the current map To activate the pan function 1 Highlight the pan field 2 Press the key to activate the pan function 3 Use the arrow keys to move the map in any direction As you begin to move the map a crosshair plus sign will appear This crosshair will now serve as a tar get marker for the moving map The distance and be
50. d determines how often positions are stored in the track log The default set ting is automatic which will store a track based on res olution This setting gives the most efficient use of track memory and provides the best TracBack route To change the method to record points based on a specific time interval 1 Highlight the METHOD field and press i 2 Select TIME INTERVAL and press twice 3 Enter hours minutes and seconds and press d amp n REFERENCE Map amp Track Setup Pages 4 71024 FTE CLEAR LOG 44 0 0 Use the track setup page to control the way the GPS 48 manages your track log SPREE oF 771024 PTS CLEAR Log 44 0 0 Entering a time interval in to the track recording cri teria will plot your posi tion points further apart than they would be in the Automatic setting This will increase the distance you can travel without using up your track log but will greatly reduce the effectiveness of TracBack 25 REFERENCE Clearing the Track Log CLEAR LOG HARH ING all track log points will ke deleted Are You Sure MEA or Ho Clear the track log any time your screen gets clut tered or to make more room to store points to be used for a TracBack 2O0H HED Eo mi LARGE 500 mi You can configure when the city locations display on the map in the City Setup Page Small cities will not display at hig
51. e see pg 24 for more informa i tion fa The four corners of the Map Page are used to display various navigation data including the bearing and dis tance to a destination waypoint and your current track qd 13 0 and speed over the ground The two fields at the top The four corners of the corners of the map show your bearing and distance to Map Page are used to one of three selectable destinations an active destination sovi A A ged i Anat and distance to either a waypoint a highlighted on screen waypoint or the pan cursor or to a destination ning target crosshair If you are not navigating to a way vajini point or using the panning function the top data fields will not be displayed Your current track and speed are I shown at the bottom corners of the display 19 REFERENCE The GPS 48 contains an updateable marine database that displays city locations and nautical navaids on the moving map Check the Garmin website for possible Database nautical navaid updates City locations are depicted by a small square icon cities are displayed at the zoom scale specified on the city Marine SEke setup menu see page 26 The nautical navaids contained in the GPS 48 marine database include racons radio beacons fog horns day beacons red triangles green squares and white dia monds lit and unlit navaids Each navaid is represented z T OM FILE by a symbol on the map that will help
52. e year from the date of purchase GARMIN will at its sole option repair or replace any components that fail in normal use Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts or labor The customer is however responsible for any transportation costs This warranty does not cover failures due to abuse misuse accident or unauthorized alteration or repairs THE WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES CONTAINED HEREIN ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED OR STATUTORY INCLUDING ANY LIA BILITY ARISING UNDER ANY WARRANTY OF MER CHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS WHICH MAY VARY FROM STATE TO STATE IN NO EVENT SHALL GARMIN BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDEN TAL SPECIAL INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WHETHER RESULTING FROM THE USE MISUSE OR INABILI TY TO USE THIS PRODUCT OR FROM DEFECTS IN THE PROD UCT SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES SO THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU To obtain warranty service call the GARMIN Customer Service department 913 397 8200 for a returned merchandise tracking num ber The unit should be securely packaged with the tracking number clearly marked on the outside of the package and sent freight prepaid and insured to a GARMIN warranty service station A copy of the original sales receipt is required as the proof of purchase for
53. e you are oving track up orientation with a pointer arrow to RAHF he destination displayed in the center The arrow 177 148 shows the direction of your destination from the direc ERG DST ion you are moving For instance if the arrow points up you are going directly to the waypoint If the arrow points any direction left right down etc turn oward the arrow until it points up Then continue in hat direction asi 2 37 BY The bottom of the page shows your track TRK HTK 0 O6HT speed SPD and a user selectable field for ETE ETA CTS XTK VMG or TRN When you are one minute away from your destina tion based on your current speed and track over ground the GPS 48 will alert you with a flashing on screen message box In this example the Compass Page indicates that you are traveling in an easterly 91 degrees direc tion and the destination waypoint is south 177 degrees of your current direction of travel 30 Using the Highway Page Bearing to Distance to Waypoint Waypoint faypoin ee i ere ae a ERE faypoin Track Over 178 32 87 TE Speed Over Ground seem TEF FER Ground RAHF Highway Page Destination CDI Scale Waypoint leew ERG DST 178 139 Graphic DES TRH 218 32 0 T High i ance User Selectable TRE Bee RAF et The GPS 48 Highway Page provides graphic steer ing guidance to a destination waypoint with a greater
54. ect a language 1 From the Setup menu highlight LANGUAGE and press ENTER 2 Highlight the desired language and press D Using the Find City Function The Find City function lets you search the city data base for a city by spelling the city name To search for a city by name 1 Highlight the CITY NAME field and press dD 2 Input the city name to search and press D If the city name includes a space it is necessary to select a blank in the appropriate places while spelling the city name The latitude and longitude of the city location will be displayed along with a bearing and distance from either the current GPS position or a reference waypoint To view the city location on the map 1 Highlight SHOW MAP and press Gu After the search is complete the map will display the city you selected at the crosshair on the the map Note The city location may not be visible if the map is zoomed to a large scale To view the city location lower the map zoom scale To return the map to the current GPS location 1 Press the key To GOTO the city location from the map 1 Press the key 2 Press the key to activate the GOTO To GOTO the city location from the find city page 1 Highlight GOTO at the bottom of the find city page and press d 2 Press Gy to confirm the GOTO If you GOTO a city location from the map or find city page a user waypoint will be created and added to the user waypoint list using
55. efficient direction to your destination Crosstrack Error XTK The distance you are off a desired course in either direction Desired Track DTK The compass course between the from and to waypoints Differential GPS DGPS An extension of the GPS system that uses land based radio beacons to transmit position corrections to GPS receivers Estimated Time of Arrival ETA he time of day of your arrival at a destination INTRODUCTION Estimated Time Enroute ETE The time left to your destination at your present speed Grid Coordinate system that projects the earth on a flat surface using square zones for position measurements UTM UPS and Maidenhead formats are grid systems Ground Speed SPD The velocity you are traveling relative to a ground position Latitude The north south measurement of position perpendicular to the earth s polar axis Longitude An east west measurement of position in relation to the Prime Meridian an imaginary circle that passes through the north and south poles Navigation The process of traveling from one place to another and knowing where you are in relation to your desired course Position An exact unique location based on a geographic coordinate system Track TRK The direction of movement relative to a ground position Universal Transverse Mercator UTM A grid coordinate system that projects global sections onto a flat surface to measure
56. erlands Ascension Island Norway Spain Sweden Astro B4 Sorol Astro B4 Sorol Atoll Tern Switzerlan Islan Finland Hayfrd Finland Hayford Finland Astro Ben E Astro Beacon E Iwo Jima Gandajika Base Gandajika Base Republic of Astro Dos 71 4 Astro Dos 71 4 St Helena Mal cives Astr Stn 52 Astronomic Stn 52 Marcus Geod Datm 49 Geodetic Datum 49 Islan New Zealand AstrIn Geod 66 Australian Geod 66 Guam 1963 Guam 1963 Guam Island Australia Tasmania Island Gux 1 Astro Gux 1 Astro Guadalcanal Astrln Geod 84 Australian Geod 84 slang Australia Tasmania Island Hjorsey 1955 Hjorsey 1955 Iceland Hong Kong 63 Hong Kong 63 Hong Kong Austria Austria Bellevue IGN Efate and Erromango Islands Hu Tzu Shan Taiwan Bermuda 1957 Bermuda 1957 Bermuda Indian Bngldsh ndian Bangladesh India slands Nepal Bogata Observ Bogata Obsrvatry Colombia Indian Thailand ndian Thailand Vietnam Campo Inchspe Campo Inchauspe Argentina Indonesia 74 ndonesia 1974 Indonesia Canton Ast 66 Canton Astro 1966 Phoenix Ireland 1965 reland 1965 Irelan slands ISTS 073 Astro STS 073 ASTRO 69 Cape Cape South Africa Diego Garcia Cape Canavrl Cape Canaveral Florida Johnston Island johnston Island Kandawala Bahama Islands andawala Sri Lanka Carthage Carthage Tunisia Kerguelen Islnd erguelen Island Kandawala CH 1903 CH 1903 Switzerland Sri Lanka Chatham 1971 Chatham 1971 Chatham Kert
57. f the unit and turn the ring 1 4 turn counterclockwise Open the comparment door to access the batteries 2 Install the batteries and close the comparment door When replacing the GPS 48 batteries observe the polarity markings engraved in the plastic case The indicated polarity represents which end of the battery should be viewable when the compartment door is opened 3 Lock the comparment door in the closed position by turning the D ring 1 4 turn clockwise 59 When creating new waypoints using Loran TD coordinates you muset set the correct loran chain number and secondary sta tions in the Setup TD field before storing the waypoint After the waypoint is stored in unit memory it will always reference Loran TD the loran chain number and secondary stations currently TU Oem selected in the Setup TD field If you enter a different loran chain number or change the secondary stations in the Setup TD field the active waypoint information will frflect those changes Since the GPS 48 does not rely on the loran signal for navigation it can refer ence a different GRI chain and or secondary stations and still navigate to the location stored in memory HAW SETUF LORAH To LORAM To LORAH To POSITION FRAT LOKAN GHAIM LORAM CHAIM LORAN CHAIH Loran Th HUHEER HUHEER HUHEER HAF Gatun MRI 8970 GEI_837o GRI_S370 Was 84 SECOHDARY SECOHDARY SECGOHDARY D p 25 TATI H i STATION i STATION i UHITE HAUTIGAL Yankee Whisker Whitkey HEAD
58. firmation page will appear 5 Use the key to highlight the Yes prompt 6 Press to finish Adjusting Screen Contrast You can access the GPS 48 s contrast feature from the Satellite Page To adjust the screen contrast 1 Press J or until the Satellite Page appears 2 Press or to adjust the level of contrast and press ENTER Screen Backlighting Three levels of screen backlighting are available for nighttime use Activate backlighting by pressing the ES key briefly To change the level of backlighting press the Ea key repeatatly until the desired level is of backlight is selected Backlighting will remain on for the time speci fied on the system setup page See page 48 or until turned off Turning the Receiver Off You ve now gone through the basic operation of your new GPS receiver and probably know a little more than you think about how it works We encourage you to experiment with the GPS 48 until it becomes an extension of your own navigation skills If you encounter any prob lems using the unit or want to take advantage of the GPS 48 s more advanced features turn to the reference section To turn the GPS 48 off 1 Press and hold the tw key for 3 seconds Clearing the Map Contrast amp Power Off STS Gta OFT TRACK SETIF 2i0ed FTE CLEAR LOG OFS o 0 Highlight the CLEAR LOG prompt and press ENTER to clear the track log ACGUIRIHG EFE Ft
59. fore getting started with your GPS check to see that your GARMIN GPS 48 package includes the following items If you are missing any parts please contact your dealer immediately Standard Package e GPS 48 Unit e Owners Manual e Wrist Strap Quick Reference Guide e Carrying Case e 4 AA Batteries See your GARMIN dealer for accessories including our PC kit swivel mounts external antennas and power data cables We hope the GPS 48 will meet all of your navigation needs and know it will become a valuable part of your outdoor gear INTRODUCTION The GPS system is operated by the government of the United States which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment Although the GPS 48 is a precision electronic NAVigation AID NAVAID any NAVAID can be misused or misinterpreted and therefore become unsafe Use the GPS 48 at your own risk To reduce the risk of unsafe opera tion carefully review and understand all aspects of this Operators Manual and thoroughly practice operation using the simulator mode prior to actual use When in actual use carefully compare indications from the GPS 48 to all available navigation sources including the information from other NAVAIDs visual sightings maps etc For safety always resolve any discrepancies before continuing navigation OTE This device meets requiremen
60. gments called legs The waypoint you are going to in a leg is called the active to waypoint and the way point immediately behind you is called the active rom waypoint The line between the active to and he active from waypoint is called the active leg Whenever you activate a route with the GPS 48 it will automatically select the route leg closest to your position as the active leg As you pass each waypoint in he route the receiver will automatically sequence and select the next waypoint as the active to waypoint 4 REFERENCE Route Definition Page HAIN HEHH HAYFOIHT HAYFOIHT LIST HEAREST HFTS FROAIHITY HFT ROUTES DIST AHD SUH HESSAGES SETUF HEHI FIHO CITY Routes enable you to store and use groups of fre quently used waypoints together ROUTE 5 GOWE FISHING WO HAYFNT OTE DST 2 ae iam id Sri PT t agmg S58 14 TOTAL DST iTE COFY TO 2 CLR IHU ACT Enter each waypoint in the order you would like to navigate them If you enter a waypoint not stored in memory you ll need to define the position on the waypoint definition page 42 Route Definition Page ROUTE lt _ Route Comment zt GOME FISHING Number Field WO HAYFNT OTE DST 1 HOHE seg isa 2 FUEL Desired 1 RAH OB 19 Leg Distance Track of Leg a SHER 3 8 5 uRecR DOT 5 6 TOTAL DST imke otal Copy Field gt gt COFY
61. h zoom scale settings to avoid screen clutter 26 Managing and Clearing the Track Log The rest of the track setup window displays the per centage of available memory currently used to store rack log data and a function fields to clear the track og memory Note Clearing the track log will not erase way points To clear the track log 1 Highlight CLEAR LOG and press GD 2 Highlight Yes and press iD Note Its a good idea to clear the track log at the beginning of your trip etc in order to make the best use of the TracBack feature Find City Function The Find City function lets you search the internal marine database for a city by spelling the city name For a detailed description of the find city function see page 55 City Setup Page The city setup page lets you select the zoom range where city locations become visible on the map The cities are divided into three categories small medium and large To set the visible range 1 Highlight CITY SETUP and press D 2 Select the city size and press a 3 Change to the desired range and press QD Note Small cities may not be visible on the map at high zoom settings Navaid Setup Page The navaid setup page lets you select the zoom scale where navaids become visible on the map The setup page is divided into two columns range and zoom with abel setup at the bottom of the page The RANGE field epresents the visible range of
62. hazardous way points This function allows you to create up to nine proximity waypoints and designate an alarm circle for each waypoint If you enter this circle a warning mes sage will alert you To enter a proximity waypoint from the Menu Page 1 Highlight PROXIMITY WPTS and press Gili 2 Highlight the first empty waypoint field and press 3 Use the a or w key to scroll through stored way points until the desired waypoint appears 4 Press The distance DST field will be automati cally highlighted Enter the desired distance 5 Press the key To review or remove a proximity waypoint 1 Use and w to select a proximity waypoint and press a 2 Highlight REVIEW or REMOVE and press If REVIEW is chosen the waypoint page will appear and you may make any changes to the selected waypoint If REMOVE is chosen the proximity way point page will reappear with the waypoint removed Press or to return to the Menu Page Waypoint Definition Page Waypoint HAYFOIHT Position Name FAHP Coordinates H a75 dre W iz2 14 046 Reference id JAH 58 23 49 lt Waypoint Comment Waypoint Sal REF _ 8 ERG OST Bearing from wor 7 8 Distance from Reference REHAHE HEH Reference Waypoint DELETE ENSA Waypoint Function Prompts The waypoint definition page lets you create new waypoints manually or review and edit an existing waypoints coordinates symbols and
63. i tion from the list and press ENTER If the country is not listed select the closest country instead Have you moved more than 500 miles from the last calculated position with the receiver off Reinitialize the receiver selecting the country state region of your new location from the EZinit list Your unit should now be initialized TTING RTED Primary Pages Before we start the tour lets briefly look at the five primary information pages used for the GPS 48 Switch Primary Pages between pages by pressing either the E or keys RAHP lt HATH HEHU i j TRACI SPEED GREEN CAN Iean pa HAYFOIHT LIST 356 7 0R HEAREST HPTS TRIF ALT t FROHIHITY HFTS 0 1 oF id ROUTES DIST AHD SUH ood 433 A HESSAGES Wog4 47s41 FLA AS TRE SFD SETUP HEHU TIHE a 164 2 4 FIND GITY 05 40 36am dd oa ETE 0152 Satellite Page he Satellite Page shows satellite positions and signal strength Satellite positions are displayed using two circles and a center point The outer circle shows satellites on level with the horizon the inner circle is mi 45 above the horizon and the center point represents satelli ites directly overhead Knowing satellite positions OO4iiiee9___ aT458975i___ will show you the direction of any blocked signals Satellite Page The bottom of the page contains a row of signal The Satellite Page will strength bars corresponding to
64. ican 1927 San Salvador Island orth American 1983 aska Canada Central America CONUS Mexico ahrwn Masirah Island Oman ahrwn Saudi Arabia gt ahrwn United Arab Emirates aparima BWI Trinidad and Tobago Observatorio 1966 Corvo and Flores Islands Azores Old Egyptian Egypt Old Hawaiian Oman Ord Srvy GB Pico De Las Nv Potsdam Ptcairn Ast 67 Prov S Am 56 Prov S Chln 63 Puerto Rico Qatar National Qornoq Reunion Rome 1940 RT 90 Santo Dos Sao Braz Sapper Hill 43 Schwarzeck Sth Amren 69 South Asia SE Base SW Base Timbalai 1948 Tokyo Tristan Ast 68 Viti Levu 1916 Wake Eniwetok WGS 72 WGS 84 Zanderij Old Hawaiian Mean Value Oman Oman Old Survey Grt Britn England Isle of Man Scotland Shetland Isl Wales Canary Islands otsdam Germany itcairn Astro 67 Pitcairn Is rov So Amricn 56 Bolivia Chile Colombia Ecuador Guyana Peru Venezuela rov So Chilean 63 S Chile uerto Rico amp Virgin Islands Qatar National Qatar Qornog South Greenland eunion Mascarene Island ome 1940 Sardinia Island Sweden Santo Dos Espirito Santo sland Sao Braz Sao Miguel Santa Maria Islands Azores Sapper Hill 1943 East Falkland Island Schwarzeck Namibia South American 69 Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Guyana Paraguay Peru Venezuela Trinidad and Tobago South Asia Singapore Southeast Base
65. id Primary Colors W White R Red G Green Vi Violet Or Orange Bu Blue Y Yellow Am Amber Unlit Navaid Abbreviations S Square J Junction T Triangle K Range M Safe Water C Crossing N Special Purpose Unlit Navaid Key Colors G Green R Red W White Y Yellow B Black 65 APPENDIX E Index A Acquisition Time 57 Activating a Route 43 Active Route Page 44 Acquiring a position 6 Alarm Setup 54 Alkaline batteries 57 Altitude ALT 18 AutoLocate 6 Average Speed AVSPD 17 B Backlighting Timer 48 Battery Level 16 Battery Life 58 Battery Installation 59 C CDI oaa 12 31 50 Cancelling a GOTO 12 Cautions ii Cigarette Lighter Adapter 58 Gly Stup cia deeb ducks 26 Clearing Routes 44 Clearing the Track Log 13 26 Compass Page 9 12 28 30 Configuring the Map Page 22 Copying Routes 44 Course deviation indicator 50 Course to Steer CTS 29 Creating Routes 43 Creating Waypoints 35 Crosstrack Error XTK 29 66 D DGPS Interface 52 Date and Time 47 Deleting Waypoints 37 Distance Sun Calculations 46 E EZIN jacone cidae baels 1 15 Editing Routes 45 Elapsed Time ELPSD 17 Emergency Erase 16 Est Time Enroute ETE 17 Est Time of Arrival ETA 17 F Find City
66. int from the route see pg 45 and then delete it If you attempt to delete a waypoint thats part of a route you ll be given a Route Waypoint Can t be Deleted message Scanning Waypoints As you manually enter a waypoint s name the GPS 48 s waypoint scanning feature will automatically dis play the first numerical or alphabetical match of the character you have entered to that point This helps eliminate the need to always enter a waypoints com plete name To scan waypoints from a waypoint field 1 Highlight the waypoint name field and press iB 2 Press the left side of the keypad to clear the name field 3 Scroll through the waypoints Note The GPS 48s waypoint scanning feature will offer the first waypoint that matches the character or characters you have entered up to that point If you have more than one waypoint that begins with the same letter or number move to the next character posi tion as needed 4 When you find the desired waypoint press iB REFERENCE Renaming amp Deleting Waypoints REHAHE HAYFHT From agad To PARK Are You Sure MEH or Ho You may wish to quickly save waypoints by press ing MARK and then ENTER thus assigning a default name You may then rename the waypoint at a later date Any way point may be renamed at any time HAYFOIHT FIMAPPR Ho arego For W 122 34q O64 15 JAN 98 00 15 REF ERG DST 246 12 7 REHAHE HE
67. ip the Satellite Page Marking a Position GPS is really about marking and going to places called waypoints Before we can use our GPS 48 to guide us somewhere we have to mark a position as a waypoint Your GPS 48 can hold up to 500 waypoints To mark your present position 1 Press the EGY key The mark position page will appear with a default three digit name for the new waypoint in the upper left portion of the page To rename the waypoint 1 Highlight the name field and press d amp n 2 Enter the waypoint name HOME and press ee See pg 9 for data entry The waypoint symbol field will become highlighted Each waypoint may also be assigned a custom way point symbol for easy waypoint recognition on the map To change the waypoint symbol 1 Highlight the waypoint symbol field and press B 2 Select the house symbol and press d amp a 3 Move the cursor to the DONE prompt and press ENTER Using the Position Page Walk at a brisk pace for 3 4 minutes and watch the Position Page The direction you are moving track your speed trip distance and altitude are shown on the upper half of the screen The latitude and longitude of your position are displayed in the middle of the page with the time of day shown below Let s continue by moving to the next page 1 Press J Map Page The next page is the Map Page To ensure we can see our entire trip on the map lets change the map scale from
68. is 45 above the horizon and the cen lity The satellite sky view directly overhead You can use the sky view to help determine i whether you have a curren 2D NAV or 3D NAV in the status field You p configuration by changing set the sky view to a track the orientation option on setup instructions While the receiver is lo number will be highlighted eceiver locates and begins numbe strength indicator will be d strength indicator bar will any satellites are being blocked and position fix indicated by he Map Page See pg 24 oking for satellites the sate satellite reception the sate will no longer be highlighted and a hollow isplayed at the bottom of the page After the receiver has gathered the satellite info ation and can use the satellite for navigation the become solid As soon as t GPS 48 has gathered enough satellites to calculate a posi ion the status field will indicate a 2D or 3D fix in the sky view When the ate a posi f each available The he inner er point is a can also for lite lite e i REFERENC Receiver status is indicated at the top left of the page with the current horizontal accuracy estimated f position error in feet or meters at the top right The Receiver Status status will be shown as one of the following conditions amp EZinit Searching the GPS 48 is looking for any avail able satellites i
69. ish The GPS 48 now begins searching for the appropri ate satellites for your location and should acquire a position within 3 5 minutes You can verify that you have acquired a position by watching the Satellite Page transition to the Position Page provided you haven t pressed any other buttons or by looking for a 2D NAV or 3D NAV status at the top left corner of the Satellite Page Initialization Troubleshooting If you have trouble initializing the receiver or ACGUIRING EFE FROH LIST AUTOLOCATE 3 HO RE INIT CCOHTINUE ACQUIRING OOOO a 24 T9456dT The EZinit prompt will automatically appear if the receiver needs to be initial ized The prompt may also appear during normal use if the antenna is shaded or the unit is indoors COUNTRY LIST acquiring a position check the following USA AF e Does the unit have a clear view of the sky USA AZ there are large buildings or mountains nearby or WSA CO if there is heavy tree cover the receiver may not be ee receiving enough satellite signals to calculate a USA FL position USA GA Have you selected the right country state region venh from the FZinit list Check for the correct approximate lat lon on the Position Page or reselect the appropriate country from the list to restart the initialization Use the arrow keypad to highlight the country and region or state if neces sary of your present pos
70. ix by manually entering coordinates pg 35 or by using the bearing and dis tance to a known position pg 35 To mark your present position 1 Press GY The mark position page will appear showing the captured position and a default three digit name 2 To save a default name and symbol press to confirm the SAVE prompt Position Averaging Function The GPS 48 positioning averaging function will help reduce the effects of selective availability upon position error when marking a waypoint 1 After you have pressed the IQ key highlight the AVERAGE field and press The Figure of Merit FOM field will display the value reflecting estimated accuracy of the averaged position Note As the GPS 48 calculates the FOM it will rapidly change before it stabilizes on one number 2 The unit will continue averaging until you have high lighted SAVE and pressed To enter a different waypoint name 1 Highlight the waypoint name field and press ae 2 Make the appropriate changes and press B 3 Highlight SAVE and press dB Note To enter a different waypoint symbol or com ment see pg 23 To add this waypoint to a route 1 oo the Add to route number field and press 2 Enter a route number press to confirm the route number and again to save the waypoint Waypoint Pages The GPS 48 has three waypoint pages that let you quickly manage up to 500 waypoints These pages nearest w
71. l page you may also select how the waypoint appears on the map To select a waypoint symbol 1 Highlight the symbol field and press D 2 Use the arrow keypad to select the desired symbol and press d 3 The cursor will move to the display field where you can select which waypoint information is displayed on the map 4 Press and select one of the following display options NAME WITH SYMBOL SYMBOL ONLY or COMMENT WITH SYMBOL 5 Press to confirm your selection and again to confirm the DONE prompt Waypoint Comments Each waypoint stored in the GPS 48 has a user defined 16 character comment field The default com ment is the UTC or Greenwich mean time date and time of the waypoint creation To change or add a comment 1 Highlight the comment field 2 Press Qi Note You can clear the comment field by pressing the left side of the rocker keypad 3 Enter the desired comment 4 Press dB Renaming and Deleting Waypoints The rename and delete function fields are located along the bottom side of the waypoint definition page To rename a stored waypoint 1 Highlight RENAME and press dE 2 Enter the new waypoint name and press iD 3 Press to confirm the Yes prompt To delete a stored waypoint 1 Highlight DELETE and press Gli 2 Highlight the Yes prompt and press D Note To delete a waypoint that s part of a route first remove the waypo
72. l to stay on course The default set ing is track up To change the map orientation 1 Highlight the map field and press eiB 2 Select the desired orientation and press Qiu Note Selecting the DTK UP option will set the satel lite sky view to track up orientation The rest of the map setup page lets you specify what items are displayed or plotted on the Map Page by select ing YES or NO in the appropriate field e Rings displays the three present position range rings on the map e Route plots the straight leg lines between waypoints of an active route and displays all route way point names Map Setup Page and Orientation cont e Nearest shows the nine nearest user waypoints to your position black diamond on the map e Names displays the waypoint name for the nine nearest waypoints e Track Log displays and plots track points on the map To turn a map item on or off 1 Highlight YES or NO for the specific map item and press dD Track Setup Page The track setup page lets you manage the GPS 48s track log data You can also select whether to record a track log and define how it is recorded To turn the track log on or off 1 Highlight the RECORD field and press Qi 2 Select OFF FILL or WRAP and press Ge Note Turning the track recording off will prevent using TracBack Selecting the track method The stored track metho
73. n view AutoLocate the GPS 48 is initializing and col ACGUIEIHG EFE lecting new almanac data This process can take 5 Ff F minutes depending on the satellites currently in view Acquiring the receiver is collecting data from available satellites but has not collected enough data to calculate a 2D fix 2D Nav 2D Navigation at least three satel O ites with good geometry have been acquired and a Woiiiiizi___ 2 dimensional position fix latitude and longitude 27Tidsidti is being calculated 2D Diff will appear when you are receiving DGPS corrections in 2D mode ihe bottom of the page wil 3D Nav 3D Navigation at least four satel not appear until the GPS ites with good geometry have been acquired and 48 has found the satellites your position is now being calculated in latitude indicated at the bottom of ongitude and altitude 3D Diff will appear when you are receiving DGPS corrections in 3D mode The signal strength bars at the screen Poor Cvg Poor GPS Coverage the receiver isn t tracking enough satellites for a 2D or 3D fix due to bad satellite geometry ACQUIRING EFE Not Usable the receiver is unusable possibly due to incorrect initialization or abnormal satellite conditions Turn the unit off and back on to reset and reinitialize the receiver if necessary 2 AUTOLOGATE i ee 2 HO RE IMIT Simulator the receiver is in simulator mode CCOHT
74. o reset timer speed measurement or odometer 1 Highlight the user selectable field and press dn 2 Press to confirm or to exit The trip odometer trip timer and average speed fields are linked Resetting one of these options in a user selectable field will automatically reset the corre sponding data in the other This ensures that informa tion shown in these fields reflects your current trip Maximum Speed Field To obtain the most accurate reading of average speed keep in mind that due to the sensitivity of the GPS 485 antenna your maximum speed value may include the effects of rapid movement such as swinging your arm while holding the unit To reset the maximum speed field 1 Highlight the MXSPD field and press D 2 Press to confirm the RESET prompt Altitude Field When the GPS 48 is acquiring satellites or navigat ing in the 2D mode the last known altitude is used to compute your position In cases where the GPS 48 has 2D coverage entering your exact altitude will enable the receiver to determine a more accurate fix Note Altitude can only be entered when the receiv er is in the 2D mode To enter an altitude 1 Highlight the ALT field and press B 2 Enter a value and press Note Use caution when entering a 2D altitude entering an incorrect altitude may significantly degrade position accuracy Zoom Scale 1 Pan amp Configure ks oa 2 30 Fields A GRE
75. oint position coor dinates from the waypoint definition page simply highlight the DST field and press ENTER Use the LEFT arrow key to set the distance to 0 00 and press ENTER to confirm The old coordinates will be replaced by the coordi nates of your present posi tion you must have a valid 2D or 3D position fi 35 REFERENCE Waypoint Symbols amp EYHEOL OISFLAY HAHE HITH ZYHEOL DOME Waypoint symbols enable you to instantly get more information about a way point than just its name HAYFOIHT HRECK H 3745 426 W122 21 02T GOOD DIVE FISH REF ERG DST 23g 0 02 REHAHE HEH DELETE MENSA The waypoint comment field will automatically assign the date and time of creation to the waypoint comment field You may enter a 16 character user comment at any time 36 Reference Waypoints cont 1 From the waypoint definition page highlight NEW and press dE 2 Enter a waypoint name and press d amp a 3 Highlight the REF field and press Gm 4 Enter a reference waypoint name or leave the field blank to use your present position and press a 5 Enter the bearing and distance of your new waypoint from the reference waypoint 6 Press to confirm the DONE prompt Waypoint Symbols The GPS 48 allows you to select one of 16 symbols for each waypoint for easy recognition on the map dis play From the symbo
76. oint or your present posi tion To calculate enter the date and year and press ENTER 46 Menu Page The GPS 485 Menu Page provides access to addi tional pages submenus that are used to select and cus tomize operation and navigation setup These eight pages are divided into categories by function We ve already gone over the waypoint and route management pages in their respective sections Lets review the rest of these pages in the order they appear on the Menu Page To select a submenu page from the Menu Page 1 Highlight the page and press D 2 To return to the Menu Page press Gm Distance and Sun Calculations The distance and sun calculation page will give you the distance and bearing between any two waypoints or between your present position and a waypoint It will also calculate the sunrise and sunset in local time for a particular date at either your present position or any stored waypoint To perform a distance and sun calculation 1 Highlight the FROM field enter the desired waypoint and press a 2 Highlight the TO field enter the destination waypoint and press a 3 The DATE field will become highlighted Enter the date you ll arrive at your destination and press Gl If you havent marked your present position as a waypoint or you leave the TO field blank the sunrise and sunset at your present position will be shown Setup Menu The setup menu allows the user to access
77. oint symbols e Cable PC interface cable with 9 pin D serial data connec 0 10141 00 erface formats are supported by the GPS 48 for driving three NMEA devices NMEA 0180 NMEA 0183 version 2 0 NMEA 0182 Approved sentences NMEA 0183 version 1 5 GPGGA GPGSA GPGSV Approved sentences GPRMB GPRMC GPWPL GPRMB GPRMC GPRTE GPWPL Proprietary sentences Proprietary sentences PGRME estimated error PGRMM map datum PGRMM map datum PSLIB PGRMZ altitude beacon receiver control PSLIB beacon rec control DGPS corrections are accepted on 58 RTCM 104 v 2 1 format Battery Installation The GPS 48 operates on 4 AA alkaline batteries includ ed which are installed in the base of the unit These bat teries provide up to 24 hours of continuous use Battery Rechargeable NiCad or lithium batteries may also be used Installation Battery life will vary due to a variety of factors including temperatue and use of screen bacdklighting Lithium batter ies will provide longer life in colder conditions The GPS 48 also features an internal 10 year lithium battery which retains your data while changing the AA batteries or when stored with nearly depleted AA batteries A Note The on screen bat tery level indicator is cali brated for alkaline batter ies and will not be accu rate when using NiCad or lithium batteries To install the batteries 1 Flip up the metal D ring at the base o
78. ontrast 1 Highlight the CONTRAST field and press D 2 a bar scale to the desired contrast and press Note The screen contrast can also be adjusted by pressing the rocker keypad while on the Satellite Page see pg 11 Backlighting Timer The screen backlight timer is adjustable for 15 30 60 120 or 240 seconds The timer also may be set to the Stay On setting for continuous use Whenever backlighting is on a bulb icon will appear on the Satellite Page To set the backlight timer 1 Highlight the light timeout field and press eD 2 Select the desired setting and press d amp a 3 To turn lighting on and off press the briefly Tone Setting The GPS 48 allows you to choose a tone for mes sages only messages and keystrokes or no tone setting at all To set the tone 1 Highlight the TONE field and press the key 2 Select the desired setting and press a Navigation Setup The navigation setup submenu page is used to select units of measurement for position formats map datums CDI scale units and heading and speed filter information Position Formats The default position format for the GPS 48 is lati tude and longitude in degrees and minutes hddd mm mmm You may also select degrees min utes and seconds hddd mm s s degrees only hddd ddddd UTM UPS coordinates or British German Irish Maidenhead Swedish Swiss or Taiwan or User grid formats To select
79. p 204 0 2s Gites on eo eae 49 51 Interface Setup amp DGPS Interface eee 52 53 Alarms Setup 0 e eens 54 ENGLE cratic E tad acest idec testa ade Sey teed 55 Navigation Simulator 0 56 SECTION FOUR Appendices Appendix A Specifications amp Wiring 0 0000 57 60 Appendix B Messages and Time Offsets 0 0 61 62 Appendix C Map Datums 0 2 00 raaa 63 64 Appendix D Navaid Descriptions 00 0000 e eee eee 65 Appendix E Index edia nale iai a ete steels 66 68 TRODUCTION The GPS 48 is a powerful navigation tool that can guide you anywhere in the world To better understand its operation and capabilities it may be helpful to review the basic terms and concepts briefly explained below Other navigation and GPS definitions used in the manual are defined in the appropriate reference sections of the manual Almanac Data Satellite constellation information including location and health of satel lites that is transmitted to your receiver from every GPS satellite Almanac data must be acquired before GPS navigation can begin Bearing The compass direction from your position to a destination Course Made Good CMG The bearing from the active from position your starting point to your present position Course Deviation Indicator CDI The sca e on the highway page indicating amount of off corse deviation Course To Steer CTS The bearing giving the most
80. position in specific zones Velocity Made Good VMG The speed you are traveling in the direction of the destination Waypoint A specific location saved in the receivers memory INTRODUCTION Navigation Basics The GPS 48 provides steering guidance and navigation information using degrees a measurement measured in a clockwise direction from a north reference North is described as 000 east as 090 south as 180 and west as 270 The diagram and compass rose below provide a graphic illustration of the navigation terms used by the GPS 48 More information on basic navigation and GPS are available at your local library or bookstore ACTIVE TO WAYPOINT A I aN ACTIVE FROM WAYPOINT Turns the unit on and off and activates screen backlighting INTRODUCTION Scrolls through the main data pages in sequence and returns display from a submenu page to a primary page Captures a position and dis plays the mark position page GOTO Displays GOTO page with the waypoint highlighted for GOTO operation Pressing GOTO twice activates MOB ENTER Confirms data entry and activates highlighted fields to allow data entry QUIT Returns display to a previous page or restores a data field s previous value DATA ENTRY The arrow keypad is used for all data entry Use the amp and Y keys to select letters numbers and menu options use the 4 and P keys
81. provide navigation using one of User D efined two user defined navigation pages Navigation Page HRECE age 23 8 Pe e 91 13 8 TRE SFO RAAF F 869 222 ERG DST HRECK TRE ZPD i 891 13 8 0 25 ETE 0 25 ETE owco 01 50 TRE SPD 6697 3 8 Compass Page Highway Page ETE 07 25 P 8 8 ay 6 The Compass Page default provides a direc To switch the navigation tional pointer to the destination with a rotating page to the Compass compass display to show your direction of travel Page press ENTER twice The Compass Page provides better steering guid ance when straight line navigation is not possible The Highway Page provides a graphic highway that shows your movement relative to the desired course with an emphasis on your crosstrack error the distance and direction you are off course This page also features a course deviation indicator CDI see pg 50 The Highway Page is well suit ed for water or off road recreation where straight line navigation is possible Both pages provide a digital display of the bearing and distance to the destination and your current speed and track over the ground You can switch to either Navigation Page at anytime ERG DST 669 22 3 669 3 8 TRE ZPD RAHF F To select either Navigation Page To switch the navigation 1 Press from the existing Navigation Page and
82. re shown at the top corners of the map The top of the screen contains the zoom pan and con figuration fields Navigation Page A navigation page gives you steering guidance when going to a waypoint The GPS 48 has two navi gation page choices the Compass Page and the Highway Page The Compass Page is the default and briefly explained here The Highway Page is covered on pages 28 and 31 The Compass Page shows the destination way point at the top of the page with the bearing BRG and distance DST to the waypoint shown below The cen er of the page contains a compass ring and arrow to show you the direction of the waypoint from the direc ion you are moving The bottom of the page gives your track TRK speed SPD and a selectable field or estimated time to arrival ETA estimated time enroute ETE course to steer CTS crosstrack error XTK velocity made good VMG or turn bearing TRN Menu Page The last primary page is the Menu Page The Menu Page gives you access to the GPS 48 s waypoint management route track log and setup features through a list of submenus GETTING STARTED Primary Pages ees CULT OFT eB 3 22 GREEN CAM Qt He FL R dE G 44 0 0 The Map Page shows your rogress on a moving map lotter and gives a bird s eye view of sur rounding naviads cities and waypoints RAAF 164 8 83 ERG DST TRE IFD 1647 2 q7 ETE
83. represents your desired track As you navigate toward a waypoint the highway will actually ove indicating the direction you re off course rela ive to the position diamond on the CDI scale To stay on course simply steer in toward the center of the highway To select the Compass Page 1 From the Highway Page press twice The Compass Page will now become the displayed navigation page This page provides a directional pointer to your destination by using a rotating compass display to show direction of travel It provides better steering guidance at slower speeds with many directional changes Cancelling a GOTO If you decide to stop navigating to the active way point all you have to do is cancel the GOTO To cancel an active GOTO 1 Press the key 2 Use the arrow keypad to move the field highlight to the CANCEL GOTO prompt at the bottom of the page and press Gig Clearing a Cluttered Map Display After you ve used the GPS 48 for a few trips you may find that your map display has become a bit messy from keeping track of your every move For practice lets clean up the screen by clearing the track log the plot points left on the Map Page we ve just created during the Getting Started tour 1 Press J or until the Map Page appears 2 Highlight the CFG field and press dB 3 Highlight Track Setup and press dB 4 Highlight the CLEAR LOG option and press Gm The clear log con
84. ress i 3 Select Simulator and press dE Once the simulator mode has been activated use the Position Compass or Highway Page to set your speed and track by highlighting the appropriate field entering the desired value and pressing You may also enter a new position if you desire from the Position Page Note You must enter a speed for all fields in the GPS 48 to function The GPS 48 does not track satellites in simula tor mode Although you can create and save waypoints and routes while using the simulator mode never attempt to use the simulator mode for actual navigation Never attempt any repairs yourself To protect your GPS 48 keep it in its carrying case when not in use and never allow gasoline or other solvents to come into contact with the case Specifications amp Clean the case and lens with a soft cloth and a household win Wiring dow cleaner PHYSICAL Case Water proof rated to IEC 529 IPX4 standards Size 6 15 H x PW x 1 23 D 15 6 x 5 1 x 1 23 cm Weight Approx 9 5 ounces 269g w batteries Temperature Range 5 to 158 F 15 to 70 C PERFORMANCE Receiver 12 parallel channel differential ready Acquisition Time Approx 15 seconds warm start Approx 45 seconds cold start Approx 5 minutes AutoLocate Update Rate I second continuous Position Accuracy 1 5 meters 3 17 ft with DGPS corrections 15 meters 49 ft RMS Velocity Accuracy 0 1 knot RMS steady state
85. route the active route page will become part of the main page sequence of the unit The active route page will also allow you to change the ETE ield to display desired track DTK or estimated time of arrival ETA for each leg You can also clear or invert he active route To display DTK or ETA for each leg 1 Highlight ETE and press B 2 Select DTK or ETA and press di The active route page also allows you to clear stop navigating or invert the active route without using the route definition page To invert a route from the active route page 1 Highlight INV and press Gia To stop route navigation 1 Select CLR and press B Copying and Clearing Routes The route definition page is also used to copy a route to another route number This feature is useful when you make changes to the active or TracBack route and want to save the route in its modified form for future use To copy a route 1 Highlight the route number field and press e 2 Select the route number to be copied and press da 3 Highlight the COPY TO field and press eD 4 Scroll through the available routes and select a destina tion route number Only open routes will be available Press to copy the route To clear a route from memory 1 Highlight the ROUTE field and press B 2 Enter the route number and press d amp a 3 Select CLR and press QD 4 Highlight Yes and pre
86. rrections will improve receiver accuracy to 1 5 meters regardless of errors induced by the government Selective Availability SA program Two RICM options are avail able RTCM NONE which allows connection to a beacon receiver with no output capability and RTCM NMEA which allows DGPS input and NMEA output Once a RTCM setting has been selected the GPS 48 will either automatically try to tune the last frequency and bit rate you selected or will switch to the default fre quency of 304 0 kHz with a bit rate of 100 bps if no pre vious beacon has been tuned You may also enter your own frequency and bit rate if desired DGPS Interface cont To enter a DGPS beacon frequency 1 Highlight the FREQ field and press B DGPS Interface 2 Enter the desired frequency and press iB 3 Highlight the RATE field and press i 4 Select the desired transmission rate and press amp THTERFACE When the GPS 48 is receiving DGPS corrections RICM HMEA from the GBR 21 the BEACON RECVR section of the HMEAR 0183 2 0 TO setup page will display the beacon frequency and 4800 baud signal strength as well as the distance from the trans BEACOM RECUR mitter to the beacon receiver At the bottom of the FRE ___ KHz beacon receiver field a status message will keep you RATE 100bps informed of DGPS activity DIST L an ane SHR SE A Tuning mes
87. s available on the GPS 48 the anchor drag alarm arrival alarm and CDI alarm The anchor drag alarm will alert you if your boat has moved outside a range measured from a central point your position The arrival alarm will alert you when you are approaching a waypoint and have reached the user defined distance The CDI alarm will alert you when your track varies from the shortest distance to a waypoint by the defined range Setting the alarm to off on or auto 1 Move the highlight to ALARMS SETUP and press Gig 2 Highlight the off on auto field for the desired alarm and press dD 3 Change to the desired setting and press dB Off No alarm will occur On The alarm will occur at the distance specified Auto The alarm will occur automatically at a dis tance determined by the GPS To set the alarms 1 Move the highlight to ALARMS SETUP and press D 2 Select the desired alarm distance field and press a 3 Enter the distance for the alarm and press a Note The arrival and CDI alarms may be set from 0 0 to 9 9 units The anchor drag alarm may be set up to 9 99 distance units When setting the anchor alarm remember that Selective Availability can degrade your GPS posi A tion by as much as 100 meters and may cause false anchor drag alerts Language Setup The GPS 48 offers nine different language selections English Danish French German Italian Spanish Swedish Portuguese and Norwegian To sel
88. s batteries The battery indicator will not appear if the receiver is using external power The battery level indicator is calibrated for alka A N line batteries Voltage differences will display Ni Cad and lithium batteries differently No other receiver functions are affected The GPS 48 features an internal lithium battery that will maintain the units memory when the receiver is not running off batteries or external power Backlighting Bulb Icon The GPS 48 features full screen backlighting with three selectable levels of brightness To activate the backlight press the key briefly To increase the brightness repeatedly press the RE key The backlight will remain on until cycled off or the backlight timeout setting has been reached see page 48 Note A bulb icon will appear on the Satellite Page when backlighting is turned on Emergency Erase Function You may erase the GPS 485 memory in four quick steps This will cause all stored data to be deleted including routes waypoints and the track log To erase all stored data 1 Ensure that the GPS 48 is turned off 2 While holding down the Hi key hold down the Era key to turn the unit on A warning message will appear with Yes highlighted and ask you to confirm your selection 3 If you do not wish to erase all stored data select No by pressing gt and to cancel the emergency erase 4 If you do wish to complete the emergency erase press to
89. sage will be displayed while a bea Ho Status con signal is being tuned Once the beacon signal has been tuned a The selectable baud rate is Receiving message will be displayed available for all RTCM e If a beacon signal is tuned and no corrections are interface options being received a No Data message will be dis played e If a beacon signal cannot be tuned a No Status message will be displayed The message page will alert you to any problems HESSHGES relating to DGPS operation You may also monitor the Ho DGPS DGPS status from the status field on the interface page Position The GPS 48 will display one of three alert messages concerning DGPS operation No DGPS Position there is not enough data available to compute a DGPS position No RTCM Input the beacon receiver is not properly connected or the baud rates do not FRES FAGE match So RTCM Input Failed DGPS data was being Alert messages will signa received but has been lost any problems with DGPS operation 53 REFERENCE Alarms Setup ALARMS SETIF Arrival D oog CDI Alarm Ott 0 0 Anchor Drag Ott 0 0g To activate an alarm select ON in the setup menu ALARHS SETUP Arrival On 0 0 COT Alarm On 0 0 Anchor Drag On o oe The anchor drag alarm will sound if you drift more than the specified distance setting 54 Alarms Setup The alarms setup page is used to set the three alarm
90. simplify segments with fewer changes in direction PEDE an forrt e To save a TracBack route copy route 0 to an open storage route before activating another TracBack Activating another TracBack or storage route will overwrite the existing TracBack route e Whenever a TracBack route is activated the receiv er will automatically erase any temporary way points that are not contained in routes 1 19 If there are temporary waypoints stored in routes 1 oldest track point in 19 the receiver will create any new temporary way memor points using the first three digit number available You can also quickly delete all temporary TracBack waypoints in memory by using the DELETE BY SYMBOL method described on pg 19 The TracBack function allows you to navigate your track log back to the 40 Route Navigation The last form of navigating to a destination with the GPS 48 is by creating a user defined route The route navigation feature lets you plan and navigate a course from one place to another using a set of pre defined waypoints Routes are often used when it s not practical safe or possible to navigate a direct course to a particular destination e g through a body of water or impassable terrain Waypoint 2 Active Leg active to waypoint active from waypoint REFERENCE Waypoint 1 Routes are broken down and navigated in smaller se
91. ss dE Editing Routes A route can be edited any time after its creation To edit a route from the active route page or the route definition page 1 Select the waypoint you want to edit and press D An on screen menu of editing choices will appear with options for reviewing inserting deleting or changing the waypoint field highlighted This field con tains the following options Review reviews the waypoint definition page e Insert adds a new waypoint that precedes the selected waypoint e Remove deletes a selected waypoint e Change replaces the selected waypoint with a new waypoint You may delete a waypoint from a route but only if the route is not active Note Editing the original storage route will not affect route 0 If you want to save an edit ed version of route 0 save it to an open storage route On Route GOTOs At the beginning of this section we mentioned that he GPS 48 will automatically select the route leg closest o your position as the active leg This will give you steering guidance to the desired track of the active leg ote that the first waypoint selected as the destination waypoint will be the route leg closest to your present position This may mean you re not navigating to the Irst waypoint in the active route you may be navigat ing to the last If you prefer to navigate a route out of sequence you can perform an on route GOTO from he active route page
92. taneously mark and set a course to a position for quick response to passing positions To activate the MOB mode 1 Press twice The GOTO waypoint page will appear with MOB selected 2 Press to begin MOB navigation The GPS 48 will now guide you to the MOB way point until the MOB GOTO is cancelled If you want to save the MOB waypoint be sure to rename it because it will be overwritten the next time a MOB is activated TracBack Navigation GARMIN S patented TracBack feature allows you to quickly retrace your path using the track log automati cally stored in the receiver This feature eliminates the need to mark waypoints along the way and manually create and activate a route back to where you began your trip Three track recording options are available Off no plot will be recorded Fill a track plot will be recorded until track mem ory is full Wrap a track plot will be continuously recorded wrapping through the available memory replacing the oldest data with new data To select a track log option 1 Highlight the RECORD field press G select an option and press dB Once a TracBack route is activated it will lead you back to the oldest track log point stored in memory so its usually a good idea to clear the existing track log at the start of each trip To clear the track log and define a starting point for a TracBack route 1 From the Map Page press GA highlight the TRACK SETU
93. the navaid the ZOOM ield is user selectable and determines when the navaid becomes visible on the map RANGE 2o0H nm 12 nm 20 nm 20 nm 20 nm 30 nm LABEL 1 2 nm Navaids become visible on the map at or below the selected zoom setting To change the zoom setting 1 Highlight NAVAID SETUP and press ci 2 Select the ZOOM field that corresponds with the navaid visible range and press Pe 3 Change to the desired zoom scale and press a Below the range and zoom fields is label setup Labels contain the navaid descriptions and can be set to display on the map at or below a user selected zoom scale To set the label zoom scale 1 Highlight NAVAID SETUP and press 2 Highlight LABEL SETUP and press 3 Change to the desired zoom scale and press ei REFERENCE Navaid Setup HAUAIO SETIF RAHGE 2O0H HOHE nm 1 2 12 nm 4 5 20 nm 6 i0 SO nm 20 nm 30 nm LABEL Ff nm The Nautical Navaids can be configured to dis play at a user selected zoom range by selecting NAVAID SETUP on the map configuration menu H 2 s PAM a HAUVAIO SETUP a6 0 0 Labels contain informa tion about the navaid Labels can be activated by panning the map cur sor to the navaid or by reaching the selected map zoom scale 27 Selecting a User Defined Navigation Page Once you have selected a GOTO Tracback MOB or route the GPS 48 will
94. the units system navigation interface and alarms setup pages System Setup The system setup page is used to select the operat ing mode time offset and screen preferences The GPS 48 has two operating modes e Normal Mode operates the unit at maximum performance and provides battery life of up to 12 hours on alkaline batteries System Setup cont e Simulator Mode allows you to operate the unit without acquiring satellites and is ideal for prac ticing or entering waypoints and routes while at home To select an operating mode 1 Highlight the MODE field and press a 2 Select a mode and press ae Date and Time Setup The date and time is located directly below the mode field Note Date and time information is derived from the GPS satellites and cannot be changed by the user Because the time shown is UTC Greenwich mean time time you will need to enter a time offset to display the correct local time for your area To deter mine the time offset for your area note your position and refer to the chart in Appendix C To enter the time offset 1 Highlight the OFFSET field and press eiD 2 Enter the time offset and press a Note Move the cursor to the left to change the plus or minus sign Time Format The time display shown on the system setup and Position Pages may be set to display the time in a 12 or 24 hour format To select the time format 1 Highlight the HOURS field and press Qiu
95. to move the cur sor forward or back ward along the line Press to begin entering data and to confirm your entry gt 4 Selects alphanumerical characters and menu choices and moves the field highlight from field to field Moves the selected character field and moves the field highlight from field to field GETTING STARTED Initializing Your GPS 48 for First Time Use The GPS 48 does not require initialization under normal day to day use However initialization may Initializing the reduce the time it takes to compute a position fix after Receiver one of the following events After memory loss e When the receiver has been moved more than 500 miles with the power off Additionally it may be necessary to initialize the unit the first time you use it if it does not acquire a fix in a few minutes The receiver is shipped from the factory in AutoLocate mode which enables the GPS 48 to determine its location anywhere in the world Another method is the graphic initialization described below which usually provides a fix in a few minutes To turn the GPS 48 on Hold the receiver parallel to the ground and rotate the 1 Press and hold until the receiver turns on antenna perpendicular to The welcome page is displayed while the unit con fhe Teeter ducts a self test followed by a warning page Once testing is complete the warning page is replaced by the Satellite P
96. ts for Part 15 of the FCC limits for Class B digital devices for home or office use It has been tested for compli ance with all necessary FCC standards This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accor dance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio commu nications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to other equipment which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by relocating the equipment or connecting the equipment to a different circuit than the affected equipment Consult an authorized dealer or other qualified service technician for additional help if these remedies do not correct the problem Operation is subject to the following conditions 1 This device cannot cause harmful ion interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation The GPS 48 does not contain any user serviceable parts Repairs should only be made by an authorized service center Unauthorized repairs or modifications could void your warranty and your authority to operate this device under Part 15 regulations INTRODUCTION SECTION ONE Introduction
97. warranty repairs GARMIN retains the exclusive right to repair or replace the unit or software or offer a full refund of the purchase price at its sole discretion SUCH REME DY SHALL BE YOUR SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY FOR ANY BREACH OF WARRANTY aS GARMIN 1999 GARMIN Corporation 1200 E 151st Street Olathe KS 66062 USA GARMIN Europe Ltd Unit 5 The Quadrangle Abbey Park Romsey UK SO51 9AQ UK GARMIN Asia Corp No 68 Jangshu 2nd Rd Shijr Taipei County Taiwan R O C Part Number 190 00141 00 Rev B Printed in Taiwan

Garmin GPS 48 GPS Receiver User Manual

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