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Furuno 841 MARK-2 Marine RADAR User Manual

Contents

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3. Sianal cable connector Connect signal cable from antenna here MARINE RADAR SER NO M COMPASS SAFE DISTANCE EQUPMENT CLASS video sounder etc here FURUNO ELECTRIC CO LTD NCAUTION Tighten the boot band 6 Ground terminal Connect ground wire between here and ship s ground securely to ensure water tightness See the procedure in below Figure 5 12 Display unit rear view Signal cable connection Rubber cover Connect the signal cable to DJ 1 on the rear panel of the display unit Grasp D a Grasp Groove Cable Display unit Rubber cover Boot band DJ Connector rd 3 Put the boot band as shown below and tighten it Boot band NE d DJ 1 Display unit 2 Cover the connector with the rubber cover Display Unit The projection on the connector base is in serted into the groove on the rubber cover 33 Navigation aid video sounder connection If your navigation aid can output data in NMEA 0183 data format your vessel s posi tion in latitude and longitude the range and bearing to waypoint speed and course may be input to this radar and be seen in the bot tom text area Further if your video sounder can output depth in NMEA 0183 data format depth can be displaye
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5. 7 Pass the cable through the hole at the bot tom of the radome base 8 Secure the cable with the cable clamping plate and gasket Ground the shield and vi nyl wire by one of the screws of the cable clamping plate 9 Connect the wire to the RF unit to one of the screws C F9 of the cable clamping plate 9 pin connector to J801 on MD 9208 4 pin connector to J802 on MD 9208 amp 13 pin connector Lij to J611 on IF 9214 Figure 5 6 RF unit 10 Attach the EMC core supplied as shown below J801 J802 804 Cable J803 entrance J805 MD9208 J806 Above cable Ji clamping plate J613 PTU 9335 J611 1 9214 E0488251512 il Figure 5 9 How to attach EMC core 11 Fix the shield cover Do not pinch the cable 12 Attach the radome cover aligning triangle mark on radome cover with that on radome base A Radome cover V Radome base Figure 5 10 How to position the radome cover 13 Loosely fasten the radome fixing bolts You will tighten them after confirming magne tron heater voltage 5 2 Display Unit Installation Mounting considerations When selecting a mounting location for the display unit keep in mind the following points e The display unit is designed and con structed to be splashproof thus it can be instal
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7. ho Wave path Figure 3 1 Radar horizon 3 2 Target Properties and Radar Wave Reflection Generally larger targets can be seen on the radar display at greater ranges provided line of sight exists between the scanner and target However a large target with poor reflecting properties may not be detected as easily as a smaller target with better reflect ing properties For example you might ex pect a lighthouse to be a good radar target because of its size In actuality the return echo is weak since the conical shape diffuses most of the radiated energy A ship whose hull is made of conducting materials such as steel will return a rela tively strong echo 21 On the other hand hulls made from wood or fiberglass return much weaker echoes Vertical surfaces such as a cliff are good targets provided they face the radar Con versely horizontal and smooth surfaces such as mudbanks sandy beaches and gently sloping hills make poor targets because they disperse rather than reflect most of the en ergy that strikes them The strongest radar echoes known come from built up areas docks etc because these targets are less subject to changes in aspect These types of targets have three flat smooth surfaces mutually at right angles Some radar buoys are arranged this way so as to deliberately increase their detection range 3 3 Range Resolution Range resolution is a measure of the capa bility of a r
8. 19 Deselecting Ranges 19 Displaying Navigation During Stand DY 19 Outputting Cursor Position to INSVIB ALON 20 Displaying Cursor Position Range and Bearing to Cursor 20 Visual Alarm Indications 20 3 INTERPRETING THE DISPLAY 3 1 Radar Wave and Radar Horizon21 3 2 Target Properties and Radar Wave Reflection 21 3 3 Range Resolution 22 3 4 Bearing Resolution 22 3 5 False Echoes 27 3 6 Nautical Chart and Radar Picture 24 4 MAINTENANCE amp TROUBLESHOOTING 41 Safety Information 25 4 2 Preventative Maintenance 26 4 3 Replacing the Fuse 26 4 4 Troubleshooting 27 425 SEU WES 28 5 INSTALLATION 5 1 22 5 3 5 4 5 5 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 Antenna Unit Installation 29 Display Unit Installation 31 Installation Check List 35 Initial Adjustment of Picture 36 Displaying the Installation Menus 36 Entering Initial Settings 37 Relative Bearing Alignment 37 Sweep Timing 37 Closing the Installation Menus 38 Declaration of Conformity FOREWORD Congra
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11. press ENT or DISP MODE and follow steps 2 and 3 12 ts Area selector 1 4 or 1 3 of range ys Window display area VRM EBL CURSOR e NM HOR NM VRM EBL NM CURSOR ANIM 9R 1 Press DISP MODE to select the window display 2 Press cursor keys to select area to zoom and press ENT Figure 2 12 How to select the area to zoom 2 15 Selecting the Presentation Mode This radar provides four presentation modes head up course up course up or waypoint up selectable on menu north up and true motion Press the DISP MODE and HM OFF keys together to select a presentation mode Each time the keys are pressed if heading signal is input to the radar the pre sentation mode and mode indication change in the sequence of HU CU or WU NU TM If there is no heading signal input to the radar the presentation mode is always HU CU couse up NU TM HU head up Bud north up true motion Selecting course up mode for CU or WPT UP In course up you may select CU or WPT UP on the menu CU course up An azimuth stabilized display in which the line connecting the center with the top of the display indicates own ship s intended course WPT UP waypoint up An azimuth stabilized display in which the line connecting the center with the top of the display indicate
12. requires heading data Range Off center Pulsewidth OFF CENTER A N SP Heading marker Guard zone area Cursor EBL 7 yy Echo trail AUTO tuning Echo trail elapsed time Guard zone Fast Time Constant rain clutter suppressor Echo stretch Interference rejector Range ring VRM EBL 0 675nm 220 9 n CURSOR 0 646 308 7 R Range and bearing to cursor or cursor position in latitude and longitude may be displayed by pressing the HM OFF key VRM EBL range bearing Cursor range Cursor bearing Figure 2 2 Display indications 2 3 Turning the Radar On and Off Turning the radar on Press the POWER key to turn the radar on or off The control panel lights and a timer displays the time remaining for warm up of the magnetron the device which produces radar pulses counting down from 2 30 to 0 01 Note When the power is reapplied within a certain amount of time and circuits remain charged the warmup process is skipped you can transmit immediately CAUTION The radar antenna emits high frequency radio radiation which can be harmful particularly to your eyes Never look directly at the antenna from a distance of less than two feet when the radar is in operation Always make sure no one is near the antenna before turning on the radar Note When the heading signal is lost the HDG readout at the top of the
13. FRUNTO OPERATOR S MANUAL MARINE RADAR MODEL MODEL 841 MARK 2 p FURUNO ELECTRIC CO LTD NISHINOMIYA JAPAN FURUNO ELECTRIC CO LTD 9 52 Ashihara cho Nishinomiya Japan Telephone 0798 65 2111 Telefax 0798 65 4200 All rights reserved Printed in Japan PUB No OME 34440 HIMA MODEL841 MARK 2 Your Local Agent Dealer FIRST EDITION JAN 1997 G JUL 10 2001 00080793000 A SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS WARNING and CAUTION notices appear throughout this manual It is the responsibil ity of the operator and the installer of the equipment to read understand and follow these notices If you have any questions regarding these safety instructions please contact a FURUNO agent or dealer The level of risk appearing in the notices is defined as follows This notice indicates a potentially hazardous situation which if not WAHR avoided could result in death or serious injury This notice indicates a potentially hazardous situation which if not CA UTI Q N avoided could result in minor or moderate injury or property damage Safety Instructions for the Operator A WARNING Do not open the equipment Hazardous voltage which can cause electrical shock burn or serious injury exists inside the equipment Only qualified personnel should work inside the equipment Wear a safety belt and hard hat when working on the antenna unit Serious injury or
14. Find the cable entry on the radome base Next position the radome base so the Effective Packing thread length Radome 25 mm cable entry faces the stern direction This _ 5 10 mm alignment must be as accurate as possible Flat Fasten the radome base to the mounting plat washer form with four each of M10 x 25 hex bolts Spring Platform washer M10 x 25 Apply silicone sealant Hex bolt flat washers and spring washers Figure 5 5 How to fasten the radome base to the mounting platform Wiring and final preparation 4 Drill a hole of at least 20 millimeters diam eter through the deck or bulkhead to run the signal cable between the antenna unit and the display unit To prevent electrical inter ference avoid running the signal cable near other electrical equipment and in parallel with power cables Pass the cable through the hole Then seal the hole with sealing compound for waterproofing Mask size 070 to 9125 mm 5 Remove two shield covers in the radome 6 Remove the cable clamping plate by unfas Type OP03 92 tening four screws and removing a gasket Code no 008 445 070 Figure 5 3 Assembling the sailboat mast mounting bracket option Pan head screws M4x8 4 pcs Cable clamping plate Panhead Shield cover eee Gasket screws M4x8 gp Shield cover Pan head screws M4x8 7 pcs Figure 5 6 Antenna unit inside view 30
15. Installation Setup 1 and press the ENT key INSTALLATION SETUP 1 6 Select item and option by AY keys 1 Key Beep 2 Hdg Sensor MAG GYRO 3 Ant on Tx ROTATE STOP 4 Demo Display OFF ON 5 Antenna Unit M841 M841 MK2 6 Installation Setup 2 OFF ON Press HM OFF to temporarily hide menu Press MENU for main menu Figure 5 16 Installation setup menu 1 4 To display the Installation Setup 2 menu press the cursor pad to select Installation Setup 2 INSTALLATION SETUP2 Select item and option by trackball 1 Align Heading 2 Adjust Sweep Timing 3 On Hours 000019 8 H 4 Tx Hours 000016 0 H Press HM OFF to temporarily hide menu Press MENU for main menu Figure 5 17 Installation setup 2 menu 5 6 Entering Initial Settings 1 At the Installation Setup 1 menu press the cursor pad to select Key Beep Key Beep turns on or off the buzzer which sounds when a key is pressed 2 Press the cursor pad to select OFF or ON 3 Select Hdg Sensor 4 Select type of heading sensor connected to the radar MAGnetic compass GYROcompass 5 Press the ENT key 6 Select ANTENNA UNIT 7 Select M841 when using M841 antenna unit Leave the menu open to complete the next several adjustments 5 7 Relative Bearing Alignment You have mounted the antenna unit facing straight ahead in the direction of the bow Therefore a small but conspicuous target dead ahead visually should appear
16. Measuring the Bearing There are two ways to measure the bearing to a target by the cursor and by the EBL Electronic Bearing Line By cursor Operate the cursor pad to bisect the target with the cursor intersection The bearing to the target appears at the bottom right hand corner of the display By EBL 1 Press the EBL key to display the EBL 2 Press the cursor pad to bisect the target with the EBL The cursor appears and is linked with the EBL allowing you to measure both bearing and range to the target 3 Check the EBL readout at the bottom left hand corner of the display to find the bear ing to the target Note The EBL is automatically anchored when no cursor pad key is operated within about 10 seconds To erase the EBL press and hold down the EBL key for about three seconds T 1 5NM coat Lyn ov di Target 2 3 gt N 2 i SS 2 Fi M z z M i EBL lt E y S 27 Aw EBL CURSOR 300 1 R 0 675 300 1 n EBL bearing Figure 2 9 Measuring bearing by the EBL Tips for measuring the bearing Bearing measurements of smaller targets are more accurate the center of larger tar get echoes is not as easily identified Bearings of stationary or slower moving targets are more accurate than bearings of faster moving targets To minimize bearing errors keep echoes in the outer half of the
17. Tx long range Magnetron heater TP802 4 7 4 7 6V Stand by voltage HV TP802 1 290 330 Tx long range J 1027 7779 ON 619 601 000 ASSV 318 9 ER 4 0v G v 800 ASSV 318V9 7 915 00 01 44 6065 4 C ie Sp CH SIVIMSLVW NOIIVT1VISNI H3HIO0 Hg Ox ddHSVW 1V13 161 98 000 v poesns OIN 192 798 000 81 YOESNS OLN 19 bb 1 000 29 21910255 03 JN 1400 NVN ON 3002 0114189530 u3HSVM BNI 445 SHE v 3809 OW 1 1 1686 X 043 0 NO 30N3834338 304 ONIAVNO NI 015 82 EISEC CO DRESD NO 3ALLO313S SI 318V9 06026101 E E woe woz wes wot PIOS BEA C 4 SK IB Z C1N WdInO d3Sn ATNOWWOO S310N30 XSIH31SY 318n00 EO TEX CERO 4 OE EE 80 698 000 em YOESNS SZXOLN 5 ME 10081 6044 SIVIddIVW NOLIVTIVISNI LINN VNN3INV az F y MN 66 EHX 606v 1 0d9 180 608 000 QV3H 0311015 1108 X3H YOLOSNNOO HX MAYS ddV1 rl POESNS 02 6 AEG UHYEN 00680 0dJ 5314055 99 LE SLUVd MVdS GEES LINA AVIdSIQ iE 25 LINNA VNNHINV 11 day 092 208 980 000 950 L 00 853 20 dichas 25 100 NVN ON 4002 0114140530 2 3 4198 HON ONIMOVd 2 8 207 9 lt 9 y y ETE
18. death can result if someone falls from the radar antenna mast Stay away from transmitting antenna The radar antenna emits mi crowave radiation which can be harmful to the human body particularly the eyes Never look directly into the antenna radiator from a distance of less than 1 m when the radar is in operation Do not disassemble or modify the equipment Fire electrical shock or serious injury can result Turn off the power immediately if water leaks into the equipment or the equip ment is emitting smoke or fire Continued use of the equipment can cause fire or electrical shock A WARNING Do not operate the equipment with wet hands Electrical shock can result Keep heater away from equipment Heat can alter equipment shape and melt the power cord which can cause fire or electrical shock A CAUTION Use the proper fuse Use of a wrong fuse can result in fire or permanent equipment damage Do not use the equipment for other than its intended purpose Personal injury can result if the equipment is used as a chair or stepping stool for example Do not place objects on the top of the equipment The equipment can overheat or personal injury can result if the object falls Safety Instructions for the Installer A WARNING A CAUTION Do not work inside the Ground the equipment to equipment unless totally prevent electrical shock familiar with electrical and mutual interference circuit
19. een wo 18027 9NIMDIL 0 n e DNI7 NIMAL usr i 5IS 58H I Acl 2 L2 eras Perse ASTON On RE wm PU CC S 126 deo ed aum 9I i fQ I 110 9 10 Ev 0 10 OTST XL 1f Agl 20 8 aifi B026 h 28 FURUNO ELECTRIC CO LTD UJ WJ C0 9 52 Ashihara Cho Nishinomiya City 662 8580 Hyogo Japan Tel 81 798 65 2111 Fax 81 798 65 4200 Declaration of Conformity FURUNO ELECTRIC CO LTD Manufacturer 9 52 Ashihara Cho Nishinomiya City 662 8580 Hyogo Japan Address declare under our sole responsibility that the product Radar Model 841 MARK 2 for recreational crafts and small fishing boats Serial No 3360 0001 Model name serial number is in conformity with the essential requirements as described in the Directive 1999 5 EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on radio equipment and telecommunications terminal equipment R amp TTE Directive and satisfies all the technical regulations applicable to the product within this Directive EN 60945 1997 01 IEC 60945 Third edition 1996 11 KSR 142 Annex 1 title and or number and date of issue of the standard s or other normative document s For assessment see Statement of Opinion 00214142 AA 00 of 4 January 2001 issued by Certification The Netherlands Test 96329300
20. input ports To receive data from more than two equipment install an mixing device 11 Vibration Vibration freq Total amplitude 5to 12 5 Hz 1 6 mm 12 to 25 Hz 0 35 mm 25 to 50 Hz 0 10 mm 12 Ambient temperature Antenna unit 20 C to 70 C Display unit 0 C to 60 C Due to the inherent nature of the LCD its contrast may be affected under ambient temperature below 0 C 32 F or above 50 C 122 13 Humidity Relative humidity 95 or less at 40 C 14 Waterproofing Display unit IEC Pub no 529 IPX5 Antenna unit IEC Pub no 945 class X 15 Power supply amp power consumption 12 V or 24V 10 2 V to 31 2 V DC 40 W approx 16 Protection features Protection against reverse polarity overvoltage overcurrent and internal fault 17 Compass safe distance Unit Standard Steering compass compass 0 7m 0 5m 0 9m Display 0 7m Antenna viii Interface NMEA Input Own ship s position gt gt GLL is available Ver 5 and after Speed KMA gt RMC gt VTG gt VHW Heading True HDT gt VHW gt HDG gt VHW gt HDM Heading Magnetic HDM gt VHW gt HDG gt VHW gt HDM Course True RMA gt RMC gt VTG Course Magnetic VTG gt RMA gt RMC Waypoint L L Range Bearing gt gt Loran time difference RMA gt GLC gt GTD Water depth DPT gt DBK DBS DBT Water temperature MDA gt MTW Time ZDA XTE RMB gt XTE gt APB Out
21. key 2 29 Displaying Navigation Data During Stand by Various navigation data can be displayed during stand by A barometer is built in this radar atmospheric pressure appears in graph form on the navigation data display during stand by If your navigation aid can output data in NMEA 0183 data format your vessel s position in latitude and longitude the range and bearing to waypoint speed course date time and cross track error may be input to this radar and be seen in the bot tom text area during stand by Further with video sounder input depth may be dis played both digitally and in graph form N CAUTION The barometer and depth displays are intended as reference Any data displayed by them should be used with extreme caution Procedure 1 Press the MENU key 2 Select the Nav Data menu and press the ENT key 3 Select STBY Display to NAV and press the ENT key 4 Press the MENU key Note 1 The depth display scale changes au tomatically with depth and the maximum depth is 1 000 meters Note 2 The barometer display is updated hourly thus the data shown may not be the latest ST BY Mbar hPa MIN 4 0 RS 1020 TTTTTTTTTTTTT 1010 J ad 1000 7500 Mee 990 LET TLL ELLE T T I 42 9 6 3 11000 HOUR m BAROMETER DEPTH DATE TIME TEMP CRS 08 22 15 19 30 0 lt 0 0 M DEPTH XTE
22. on the heading mark zero degrees In practice you will probably observe some small error on the display because of the dif ficulty in achieving accurate initial position ing of the antenna unit The following adjustment will compensate for this error up to 30 degrees 1 Identify a suitable target for example ship or buoy at arange between 1 8 to 1 4 miles preferably near the heading mark To mini mize error keep echoes in the outer half of the picture by changing the range 2 Display the Installation Setup 2 menu INSTALLATION SETUP2 Select item and option by trackball 1 Align Heading 2 Adjust Sweep Timing 3 On Hours 000019 8 H 4 Tx Hours 000016 0 H Press HM OFF to temporarily hide menu Press MENU for main menu Figure 5 18 Installation setup 2 menu 3 Select Align Heading and press the ENT key 4 Press the cursor pad to bisect the target se lected at step 2 with the EBL 5 Press the ENT key 6 As a final test move the boat towards a small buoy and confirm that the buoy shows up dead ahead on the radar when it is visually dead ahead 5 8 Sweep Timing This adjustment ensures proper radar perfor mance especially on short ranges The radar measures the time required for a transmitted echo to travel to the target and return to the source The received echo appears on the dis play based on this time Thus at the instant the transmitter is fired the sweep sho
23. screen shows This warning stays on when the heading sig nal is restored to warn the operator that the readout may be unrealiable The warning may be erased by pressing the DISP MODE key echo trail time tuning indicator 2 4 Transmitting After the power is turned on and the mag netron has warmed up ST BY Stand By appears at the screen center This means the radar is now fully operational In stand by the radar is available for use at anytime but no radar waves are being transmitted Press the ST BY TX key to transmit When transmitting any echoes from targets appear on the display This radar displays echoes in four tones of gray according to echo strength When you won t be using the radar for an extended period but want to keep it in a state of readiness press the ST BY TX key to set the radar in stand by 2 5 Selecting the Range The range selected automatically determines the range ring interval the number of range rings pulselength and pulse repetition rate for optimal detection capability in short to long ranges Procedure Press the RANGE key The range and range ring interval appear at the top left cor ner on the display Tips for selecting the range When navigating in or around crowded harbors select a short range to watch for possible collision situations If you select a lower range while on open water increase the range occasionally to watch for vessels that may be
24. to tune Tune to show the longest tuning indicator 2 10 Measuring the Range You can measure the range to a target three ways by the range rings by the cursor and by the VRM Variable Range Marker By range rings Press the RINGS key to display the range rings Count the number of rings between the center of the display and the target Check the range ring interval at the top left corner and judge the distance of the echo from the inner edge of the nearest ring By cursor Operate the cursor pad to place the cursor intersection on the inside edge of the target echo The range to the target as well as the bearing appears at the bottom of the dis play By VRM 1 Press the key to display the 2 Press the cursor pad to place the VRM on the inside edge of the target The cur sor appears and is linked with the VRM allowing you to measure both range and bearing to the target 3 Check the VRM readout at the bottom left hand corner of the display to find the range to the target Note The VRM is automatically anchored when no cursor pad key is operated within about 10 seconds To erase the VRM press and hold down the VRM key for about three seconds S laste GN 22 22 2746 2 E NN d A A 2 2 2 T VRM CURSOR VRM 0 675 0 675 308 7 Figure 2 8 Measuring range by the VRM 2 11
25. unit The display should light Wait until the mes sage ST BY appears on the screen About 1 30 2 Press TX ST BY key to transmit The ra dar will start transmitting and you will prob ably see some targets around you even though the radar is not yet properly adjusted 3 Select a long range 4 Press the ECHO key The following dis play appears GAI N NL Item selected mE for adjustment NT RAIN 00 FIC 0 2 12 ECHO KEY TO EXIT Current level Figure 5 14 Display for adjustment of gain STC A C RAIN and FTC 5 Press the cursor pad to select GAIN AUTO if it is not already selected 6 Select minimum range Press the ECHO key and press the cursor pad to select STC AUTO if it is not already selected 5 5 Displaying the Installation Menus Two sets of installation menus Installation Setup 1 and Installation Setup 2 enable entry of initial settings and adjustment of the radar Procedure 1 Turn on the power while pressing and hold ing down the HM OFF key 2 Press the MENU key 36 MAIN MENU Select item by keys and press ENT key 1 Backlight Brilliance 2 P L IR NR amp Radar Mode 3 Nav Data 4 Mode amp Function 5 Tuning MANUAL 6 Self Check Y Installation Setup 1 Press HM OFF to temporarily hide menu Press MENU key to escape Figure 5 15 main menu 3 Press the cursor pad to select
26. 0 086 443 Mounting Bracket 1 OP03 92 000 445 070 For sailboat CONFIGURATION Antenna Unit MODEL 841 MARK 2 In Out PEG NAV 0 _ Display IEC 1162 i FMD 811 i Video Sounder gt gt MM 3A hmi X M Ubb ob In Fluxgate Heading________ Sensor C 2000 A 0 7 Gyro Gyro Converter Me External Alarm AD 100 5 Buzzer OP03 136 Equivalent to NMEA0183 xen Option Loss Rectifier PR 62 e 10 2 31 2VDC 115 230VAC xi 1 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION 1 1 What is Radar The term RADAR is an acronym mean ing RAdio Detection And Ranging AI though the basic principles of radar were developed during World War IL primarily by scientists in Great Britain and the United States the use of echoes as an aid to navi gation is not a new development 1 2 How Ships Determined Position Before Radar Before the invention of radar when running in fog near a rugged shoreline ships would sound a short blast on their whistles fire a shot or strike a bell The time between the origination of the sound and the returning of the echo indicated how far the ship was from the cliffs or the shore The direction from which the echo was heard indicated the relative bearing of the shore 1 3 How Radar Determines Range Radar determines the distance to the target by calculating the time difference between the transmission of a radar signal and the reception o
27. 0 Hz 3 4 6 8 12 24 36 nm Warm up time 2 30 Modulator FET switching method I F 60 MHz Tuning Automatic or manual 9 10 11 Receiver front end MIC Microwave IC Bandwidth 7 MHz Duplexer Circulator with diode limiter Display Unit 10 Indication system PPI raster scan Display 8 inch diagonal LCD STN semi transparent yellow mode Range scales nm Range Ring Interval 0 125 0 0625 0 25 0 125 0 5 0 125 0 75 0 25 1 0 25 1 5 0 5 2 0 5 3 1 4 1 6 2 8 2 12 3 16 4 24 6 36 6 Bearing resolution 49 Bearing accuracy Better than 1 Range discrimination Better than 25 m Range ring accuracy 0 996 of range in use or 8 m whichever is larger Minimum range Better than 37 m Markers Heading marker Bearing scale Range ring VRM EBL Waypoint option Tuning indicator Alarm zone Cursor Alphanumeric indication Standard Electronic Bearing Line EBL Echo Stretch ES Rain Clutter Rejection FTC Alarm G Interference Rejection IR vii Stand by ST B Y Echo Trail Time TRAIL Variable Range Marker VRM Range Range Ring Interval Range and Bearing to Cursor 4 Off Center OFF CENTER Watchman WATCHMAN With navigation input option Course CRS Latitude and longitude Speed SPD Range and bearing to waypoint WP Cross Track Error XTE Date and time Water depth Water temperature This radar has only two data
28. 2 Press the cursor pad to select item to ad just Current selection is circumscribed by dashed rectangle 3 Press ENT 3 Press the cursor pad to set level 4 Press the ECHO key to finish How to adjust the gain sensitivity The gain works in precisely the same man ner as the volume control of a broadcast re ceiver amplifying the signals received You can adjust the gain automatically or manually For manual adjustment adjust the sensitivity on the highest range the back ground noise is clearer on that range The proper setting is such that the background noise is just visible on the screen If you set up for too little gain weak echoes may be missed On the contrary excessive gain yields too much background noise strong targets may be missed because of the poor contrast between desired echoes and the background noise on the display 6 How to adjust STC suppressing sea clutter Echoes from waves can be troublesome covering the central part of the display with random signals known as sea clutter The higher the waves and the higher the scan ner above the water the further the clutter will extend Sea clutter appears on the dis play as many small echoes which might af fect radar performance See the left hand figure in Figure 2 5 The STC reduces the amplification of ech oes at short ranges where clutter is the great est and progressively increases amplification as the range increases so am
29. 3 1796 5P supplied with radar as shown the figure on next page 8 Connect the connector to J51 on SPU Board 9 Replace the covers removed in step 1 10 Connect navaid and other equipment to radar 11 Turn on the radar and confirm that NAV data in properly received at the radar and ex ternal equipment 5 3 Installation Check List After completing the installation it is a good idea to check for proper installation Follow the checklist below and tick boxes to show proper completion Is the vent tube on the antenna housing on the stern side Are the four bolts for fixing the radome tight ened J Is the signal cable waterproofed at the ra dome base Is the signal cable secured against a mast or bulkhead Is the cable gland or cable entry on the deck fully waterproofed J Are the connections to the battery of correct polarity Are all the antenna and display units grounded Are all connectors at the rear of the display unit fastened securely CAUTION If itis necessary to open the display unit be sure the rear cover is fitted to the front chassis properly when closing the rear cover When reassembling first turn off the unit and then press the center of the rear cover to plug in the multipin connector on the rear cover 35 5 4 Initial Adjustment of Picture Follow the procedure below to obtain proper radar picture 1 Press the POWER key on the display
30. Distribution NAV data to the other equipment This radar can output NAV data received from a navaid to an echosounder or video plotter by making the modifications as shown in be low Other Equipment Telesounder data not be mixed Solder NMEA cable J55 NMEA Echosounder SPU9180 TLL RSD MODEL 841 M2 Video plotter The position data from navaid can be used for the echosounder if a video plotter is not connected Procedure 1 Unfasten the nuts fixing the waterproof nector to remove the covers of the power and display unit Remove all connectors from SPU Board SPU 9180 Unfasten three screws to remove the board Remove JP3 R91 and R92 on the parts side of SPU Board SPU 9180 Parts side Remove JP3 e JP4 R90 R93 R93 ae G6 pE 015 OQ R95 Nl 016 n mu R92 gt Remove R91 and R92 Add jumper wire between J55 pin 3 RXD and J61 pin 1 TXD H Add a jumper wire between J55 pin 4 RXD C and 761 pin 5 SHIELD Add the jumper wire between J61 5 and J55 4 e e JP3 JP4 CR14 R90 R93 J55 R94 R69 Ocz 1 Ene r o N Add the jumper wire between J61 1 and J55 3 7 Connect the NMEA cable to the connector assy 0
31. SPD 827m 0 6NM R 30 0KT WAYPOINT MS E 12 0NM 114 8 R 165 43 96E XTE XTE L 1 0 5 0 NM 0 5 1 R Figure 2 22 Navigation data display during stand by 19 2 30 Outputting Cursor Position to Navigator Cursor position NMEAO183 data sentence TLL can be output to the navigator con nected to this radar by pressing and holding down the HM OFF key 2 31 Displaying Cursor Position Range and Bearing to Cursor The cursor data indication at the bottom of the display can show cursor position in lati tude and longitude or the range and bearing from own ship to the cursor You can select the indication desired by pressing the HM OFF key 2 32 Visual Alarm Indications This radar display various visual alarms to alert you to error Table 2 1 Visual alarm indications Error Visual alarm No heading pulse HD SIG MISSING No bearing pulse BP SIG MISSING Heading signal appears turned off as heading The heading signal visual alarm may be cleared by pressing the DISP MODE key 20 3 INTERPRETING THE DISPLAY As an aid to navigation radar can be a very valuable tool No other electronic naviga tion aid can give you the ability to spot ves sels coming at you in the fog or tell you the location of the inlet to the harbor in the pitch black of night To help you understand what your radar can and cannot do for you this chapter covers the characteristics of the radar wave targe
32. adar to display as separate pips the echoes received from two targets which are on the same bearing and are close to gether The main factor which affects range resolu tion is pulselength Two targets on the same bearing close together cannot be seen as two distinct echoes on the display unless they are separated by a distance greater than one half the pulselength Radar is able to display two Transmitted distinct target echoes radar Target pulse FS Fe Transmitted radar Target pulse N M Pe Radar cannot display targets as separate echoes because they are within the pulselength Figure 3 2 Range resolution 22 3 4 Bearing Resolution Bearing resolution is a measure of the ca pability of a radar to display as separate tar gets the echoes received from two targets which are at the same range and are close together The principal factor which affects bearing resolution is horizontal beamwidth Two tar gets at the same range must be separated by more than one beamwidth to appear as sepa rate pips Radar is able to display two Target distinct target echoes Horizontal beamwidth D Direction of scanner rotation Target Horizontal beamwidth Direction of scanner rotation Radar cannot display targets as separateechoes because they are within the beamwidth Figure 3 3 Bearing resolution 3 5 False Echoes Occasionally false echoes appear on the screen at positions where
33. ar Display 1 2 OPERATION 24 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 7 2 6 2 9 2 10 2 11 2 12 2 13 2 14 2 15 2 16 2 17 2 18 2 19 2 20 221 2 22 2 23 2 24 Control Description 3 Display Indications and Markers 4 Turning the Radar On and Off 4 Transmitting 5 Selecting the Range 5 Adjusting LCD Backlighting and Display Tone ease 2 Adjusting Control Panel Brilliance 5 Adjusting GAIN STC A C RAIN and IC REN 6 Tuning the Receiver 7 Measuring the Range 8 Measuring the Bearing 8 Menu Operation 9 Selecting the Display Mode 11 The Window Display 12 Selecting the Presentation Mode 12 Guard Alarm esse 13 Suppressing Radar Interference 14 Suppressing Noise Interference 15 Selecting Pulselength 15 Off Centering the Display 15 Echo Tales aii 16 The Navigation Data Display 16 Ech Sttetc Nits casas 17 Selecting Unit of Measurement for RanSe esso 18 2 25 2 26 2 27 2 28 2 29 2 30 2 31 2 32 Selecting Bearing Reference 18 Watchman rotae ret e ER ds 18 Erasing the Heading Marker
34. arranty Table 4 1 Recommended maintenance program Period Item Check point Remarks 3 to 6 Fixing bolts Check for tightness and Replace corroded bolts Coat months for antenna corrosion bolts with anti corrosive sealant unit Radome Foreign material on the radome The only recommended cleaning cleanliness face will cause a considerable agent is alcohol Do not use drop in performance Clean the other cleaning agents they can radome with a freshwater remove paint and markings Radome Check for wear Permanent If a crack is found it should be cover damage to the antenna s internal temporarily repaired by using a circuitry will result if water leaks small amount of sealing into the radome compound or adhesive You should then contact your dealer for service LCD The LCD will in time Do not use chemical cleaners to accumulate a coating of dust clean any part of the display unit which tends to dim the picture they can remove paint and Wipe LCD lightly with a soft markings cloth 6 months Display unit Check for tight connection and If corroded contact your dealer to 1 year connectors corrosion for replacement 26 4 4 Troubleshooting Table 4 2 contains simple troubleshooting procedures which you can follow to try to restore normal operation If you cannot re store normal operation do not attempt to check inside any unit of the radar system Any repair work is best left to a qualifie
35. ct radome antenna fits even on small yachts e Durable brushless antenna motor High definition 8 LCD raster scan dis play 5 alphanumeric readout of all operational information e Standard features include EBL Elec tronic Bearing Line VRM Variable Range Marker Guard Alarm Display Off Center and Echo Trail Watchman feature periodically transmits the radar to check for radar targets which may be entering or exiting the alarm zone e Operates on 10 2 to 31 2 V DC power supply and consumes about 40 W Ship s position in latitude and longitude or Loran C Time Differences range and bearing to a waypoint ship s speed head ing and course can be shown in the bot tom text area Requires a navigation aid which can output such data in NMEA 0183 format Zoom feature provided SPECIFICATIONS Antenna Unit Radiator Printed array Radiator length 54 cm Horizontal beamwidth 297 Vertical beamwidth 20 Sidelobe 20 dB within main lobe 23 dB outside main lobe Polarization Horizontal Antenna rotation speed 24 rpm Wind resistance Relative wind speed 100 kts 51 5 m s Transceiver Module contained in radome 1 Transmitting tube Magnetron MG5248 E3571 or MAF1421B Frequency 9410 MHz 30MHz PON X band Peak output power 4 kW Pulselength amp pulse repetition rate 0 08us 2100 Hz 0 25 0 5 0 75 1 1 5 nm 0 3us 1200 Hz 1 5 2 3 nm 0 8ps 60
36. d technician If Table 4 2 Troubleshooting table But Then you pressed the POWER key to turn on the radar the control panel does not light e try adjusting the control panel back lighting on the Brilliance Backlighting menu battery may have discharged check fuse in power cable nothing appears on the display or display contrast is poor characters are distorted try adjusting the tone Extreme ambient temperature may affect display tone request service the radar has warmed up and you pressed the ST BYTX key to transmit you have adjusted the gain with FTC and STC off a key is pressed the antenna does not rotate the problem may be in antenna unit Request service characters and indications are abnormal neither noise nor targets appear indications and markers do neither indications nor markers appear noise and targets do the sweep radial line sweeping around the display is not synchronized with antenna rotation have a qualified technician check the set check signal cable for damage check signal cable for damage the problem may be in the antenna unit Request service there is no change in sensitivity nothing happens request service key may be faulty Request service 27 4 5 Self Test The self test facility checks the keyboard ROM and RAM for proper operation You may
37. d from either a passing ship or returned from a reflecting surface on your own ship for example a stack In both cases the echo will return from a legitimate contact to the antenna by the same indirect path The echo will appear on the same bearing of the reflected surface but at the same range as the direct echo Fig ure 3 6 illustrates the effect of an indirect echo Indirect echoes may be recognized as follows they usually occur in a shadow sector they appear on the bearing of the obstruc tion but at the range of the legitimate con tact when plotted their movements are usu ally abnormal and their shapes may indicate they are not di rect echoes Heading mark Target Direct path x Indirect path Obstruction mast funnel True echo Indirect echo Heading mark Bridge z E 4 2 5 sols PX re Indirect Indirect echo echo Figure 3 6 Indirect echoes Blind and shadow sectors Funnels stacks masts or derricks in the path of antenna may reduce the intensity of the radar beam If the angle subtended at the scanner is more than a few degrees a blind sector may be produced Within the blind sector small targets at close range may not be detected while larger targets at much greater ranges may be detected See Figure 3 7 Vessel taller than wharf Mast etc in path of radar beam Blind sector no echo Size of blind sector depen
38. d on the navigation data displayed in graph form during stand by You will need an NMEA cable For navaid Type Code no Remarks MJ A6SPF0012 050 000 134 424 6P 6P 5m MJ A6SPF0012 100 000 133 817 6P 6P 10m For E S Type Code no Remarks MJ A6SPF0011 050 000 132 224 4 5 MJ A6SPF0011 100 000 132 336 6P 4P 10m Two NMEA connectors are provided at the rear of the display unit the NMEA connector and the OPTION connector Heading Sensor Connection Heading signal can be connected to the HDG connector 10 m cable assembly is optionally available Type Code no Remarks MJ A6SPF0007 100 000 125 237 C 2000 MJ A6SPFO0009 100 000 125 236 AD 100 MODEL 841 MARK 2 1 1 J55 J61 1 TX H TX_H BRN TX_C TA RED 255 RD ORG RD C YEL SHIELD GRN JP4 JP3 CUT JJ 34 03 1796 5P The OPTION connector To connect external equipment to the OP TION connector 1 Remove the plastic cover on the connector 2 Connect equipment to J61 on the SPU Board as shown in Figure 5 13 Cable supplied with radar connector assy 03 1796 5 0 VIDEO SOUNDER SPU 9180 Cable supplied with video sounder DISPLAY UNIT Solder and tape Figure 5 13 How to connect external equipment to the OPTION connector 3 Cover signal cable at junction with display unit with silicone sealant
39. ds on target size and range Figure 3 7 Blind and shadow sectors 24 3 6 Nautical Chart and Radar Picture Under normal conditions a picture which is similar to a nautical chart can be obtained on the radar display However a radar can not show targets which are below the hori zon e show a target which is hidden by a larger one see around corners for example sea wall distinguish between two targets which are very close together either in range or bearing For example a vessel towing another will probably appear as one ves sel as both will be covered by the beam at the same time The nautical chart and radar picture shown in Figure 3 8 are from the Kada Inland Sea in southwestern Japan Black areas are strong reflection targets Coastline 7 difficult to display Actual topography Radar display Figure 3 6 Nautical chart and associated radar picture 4 MAINTENANCE amp TROUBLESHOOTING This chapter tells you how to keep your ra dar in good working order Before review ing this chapter please read the safety information which follows 4 1 Safety Information ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD This equipment uses high voltage electricity which can shock burn or cause death While the equip ment has been de signed with consideration for the operator s safety precautions must always be exercised when reaching inside the equipment for the purpose of mainte nance or s
40. ect item and option by AY keys 1 Panel 1 2 Echo Trails 3 4 2 2 Press HM OFF to temporarily hide menu Press MENU for main menu 2 P L IR NR amp Radar Mode Select item and option by keys 1 Pulselength SHORT LONG 2 Int Reject OFF 1 2 3 3 Noise Reject OFF ON 4 Echo Stretch OFF ON 5 Radar mode CU WPT UP Press HM OFF to temporarily hide menu lt Press MENU for main menu gt 3 NAV DATA MENU Select item and option by AY keys 1 Navigator ALL GPS 2 Nav Data Disp OFF ON 3 Pos Disp Mode L L TD 4 Depth Unit M FA FT 5 Temp Unit 6 STBY Display NORM NAV Press HM OFF to temporarily hide menu Press MENU for main menu 4 MODE amp FUNCTION MENU Select item and option by keys 1 Window Display ZOOM WIDE 2 Watchman OFF 5 10 20 3 Alarm Mode IN OUT 4 VRM Unit NM KM SM 5 EBL Ref REL TRUE 6 Range 1 8 1 4 1 2 3 4 1 1 5 2 3 4 8 12 16 24 36 Press HM OFF to temporarily 1 Selects control panel backlighting four is maximum backlighting 2 Selects brilliance for echo trails and markers four is maximum brilliance Selects pulselength for 1 5 and 3 mile ranges Selects radar interference rejector level 3 provides highest degree of rejection Turns noise rejector on off Turns echo stretch on off Select mode for CU or WPT UP Selects navigator among GPS Loran and all navigators available In the All se
41. ected and menu settings Note In the window display mode the DISP MODE key reselects zoom area To select the display mode while in the window display mode press the key twice ZOOM OFF Window Display WIDE ZOOM Nav Display OFF CURSOR ANM Figure 2 11 Display modes 11 2 14 The Window Display The window display appears at the bottom right or left 1 4 of the display Two types of window displays are available zoom and wide Zoom doubles the size of the area se lected by the operator and wide range up compresses and displays the entire radar pic ture on the next higher range Note The zoom display does not function on the 0 125 and 0 25 nm ranges Selecting the type of window display 1 Press the MENU key 2 Select Mode amp Function and press the ENT key Note When you place the circle cursor behind the window display the window display shifts left or right so you may view the circle cursor 3 Select Window Display to Zoom or Wide range up 4 Press the ENT key followed by the MENU key Selecting the area for the zoom picture 1 Press the DISP MODE key to select the window display The area selector is a solid circle 2 Press the cursor pad to place the circle cursor area selector on the area to zoom 3 Press the ENT key The area selector becomes a dashed circle and the cursor can be moved indepedently To reselect area to zoom
42. ervice For this reason only quali fied personnel totally familiar with electrical circuits and service manual should work in side the display unit or scanner unit A WARNING ili Hazardous voltages Can shock burn or cause death Only qualified person nel should work inside the units of the radar RF RADIATION HAZARD The radar scanner emits high fre quency radio radiation which can be harmful particularly to your eyes Never look directly into the scanner from a distance of less than two feet when the radar is in operation as you could injure the cornea of your eyes Always make sure the radar is set to stand by or is turned off before start ing work on the scanner unit A Turn off the power before per forming any maintenance or troubleshooting procedure 25 4 2 Preventative Maintenance Regular maintenance is important for good performance Always keep the equipment as free as possible from dirt dust and water splashes Make sure all screws securing the components are properly tightened A maintenance program should be estab lished and should at least include the items listed in Table 4 1 4 3 Replacing the Fuse The 5A fuse in the power cable protects the equipment against reverse polarity of ship s mains overcurrent and equipment fault If the fuse blows find the cause before replac ing it Never use a fuse rated for more than 5A serious damage to equipment may re sult and void the w
43. evel 3 along with the Noise Rejection circuits are automati cally enabled These can be turned off via menu selection if desired 2 24 Selecting Unit of Measurement for Range The unit of measurement for the VRM and cursor can be nautical miles kilometers or statute miles You may select unit desired as follows 1 Press the MENU key 2 Select Mode amp Function and press the ENT key 3 Select VRM Unit to nm km or sm 4 Press ENT followed by MENU key 2 25 Selecting Bearing Reference Bearing can be displayed relative to north relative bearing or relative to true north true bearing as follows True bearing re quires heading sensor input 1 Press the MENU key 2 Select Mode amp Function and press the ENT key 18 3 Select EBL Ref 4 Select Rel ative or True 5 Press the ENT key followed by the MENU key 2 26 Watchman How watchman works The watchman function periodically trans mits the radar for about one minute to check for targets in a guard zone If it finds change in the zone from the previous transmission it sounds the aural alarm cancels the watch man function and transmits the radar con tinuously This feature is useful when you do not need the radar s function continu ously but want to be alerted to radar targets in a specific area Tx St by St by mE 7 h y 1min 5 100r 1min 5 100r 20 min 20 min Watchman sta
44. f the reflected echo It is a known fact that radar waves travel at a nearly con stant speed of 162 000 nautical miles per second Therefore the time required for a transmitted signal to travel to the target and return as an echo to the source is a measure of the distance to the target Note that the echo makes a complete round trip but only half the time of travel is needed to deter mine the one way distance to the target This radar automatically takes this into account in making the range calculation 1 4 How Radar Determines Bearing The bearing to a target found by the radar is determined by the direction in which the radar scanner antenna is pointing when it emits an electronic pulse and then receives a returning echo Each time the scanner ro tates pulses are transmitted in the full 360 degree circle each pulse at a slightly differ ent bearing from the previous one There fore if one knows the direction in which the signal is sent out one knows the direction from which the echo must return 1 5 Radar Wave Speed and Antenna Rotation Speed Note that the speed of the radar waves out to the target and back again as echoes is ex tremely fast compared to the speed of rota tion of the antenna By the time radar echoes have returned to the scanner the amount of scanner rotation after initial transmission of the radar pulse is extremely small 1 6 The Radar Display The range and bearing of a target is displayed on what
45. ge is changed trails are painted anew with the newly selected range Relative trails requires gyro True trails Figure 2 17 Appearance of echo trails Fixed time trails When the elapsed time clock counts up to the trail time selected the elapsed time dis play freezes The oldest portions of trails are erased so only the latest trail equal in length to the trail time selected is shown Then trails start extending again For example the one minute trail time is selected When the elapsed time display freezes at 60 seconds all but the latest one minute of trails are erased and then trailing continues Continuous trail The maximum continuous trail time is 99 16 minutes and 59 seconds When the elapsed time clock counts up to that time the elapsed time display is reset to zero all trails are erased and then trailing is restarted Adjusting brilliance of afterglow The brilliance of the trails afterglow can be set on the Backlight Brilliance menu 1 Press the MENU key 2 Select Backlight Brilliance and press the ENT key 3 Select Echo Trails 4 Select brilliance 5 Press the ENT key followed by the MENU key Canceling echo trails Press the TRAIL key to erase the TRAIL indication 2 22 The Navigation Data Display Navigation data can be displayed at the screen bottom if this radar receives naviga tion input in NMEA 0183 format Naviga tion data includes position in lati
46. he display comes in lengths of 10 m 15 m 20 m and 30 m Whatever length is used it must be unbroken namely no splicing allowed 2 Deposits and fumes from a funnel or other exhaust vent can adversely affect the aerial performance and hot gases may distort the radiator portion The an tenna unit must not be mounted where the temperature is more than 70 Mounting Figure 5 1 Typical antenna unit location Unpacking the antenna unit Openthe antenna unit packing box carefully 2 Unbolt the four bolts at the base of the ra dome to remove the radome cover Radome cover PLU PAU Figure 5 2 Antenna unit 29 Mounting platform SHIP S BOW Holes for antenna unit The mounting surface must be parallel with CABLE the waterline and provided with five holes whose dimensions are shown in the outline drawing attached at the end of this manual 4 12 HOLES The unit is adjusted so a target echo returned from the bow direction will be shown on the FLAT WASHER lt SPRING WASHER zero degree heading line position on the M10 25 HEX BOLT screen When drilling holes be sure they are Fi 5 4 it parallel with the fore and aft line 3 Prepare a platform of 5 to 10 millimeters Antenna base plate thickness for the antenna unit A mounting bracket for mounting the antenna unit on a sailboat mast is optionally available See Fig ure 5 1
47. heading your way 2 6 Adjusting LCD Backlighting and Display Tone The BRILL key adjusts the LCD back lighting in eight levels including off The TONE key adjusts the tone contrast of the display in 32 levels including off Procedure 1 Press the BRILL key or TONE key The display shown in Figure 2 3 appears BRILL UP TONE TONE Item selected DOWN UP for adjustment BRILL DOWN Tone gt 7 LCD brilliance setting MENU TO EXIT setting Figure 2 3 Display for adjustment of brilliance and tone 2 Press the BRILL key or TONE key to set level For fine adjustment press cursor pad at 120 clock 6 o clock for bril liance and 3o clock 9o clock for tone 2 7 Adjusting Control Panel Brilliance Procedure 1 Press the MENU key 2 Press the cursor pad to select Backlight Brilliance and press the ENT key 3 Press the cursor pad to select Panel 4 Press the cursor pad to select brilliance level 4 is the highest 5 Press the ENT key followed by the MENU key 2 8 Adjusting GAIN STC A C RAIN and FTC General procedure The ECHO key enables adjustment of the gain STC A C RAIN and FTC 1 Press the ECHO key The following dis play appears AUTO 23 GAIN STC Dus 2 3 RAIN 00 FTC 0 2 12 ECHO KEY TO EXIT Item selected for adjustment Current level Figure 2 4 Display for adjustment of GAIN STC A C RAIN and FTC
48. in clutter from heavy storms or scattered rain clutter adjust the FTC The FTC circuit splits up these unwanted ech oes into a speckled pattern making recog nition of solid targets easier FTC and selected level appear at the top right hand corner of the display when the circuit is turned on Note In addition to reducing clutter the FTC can be used in fine weather to clarify the pic ture when navigating in confined waters How ever with the circuit activated the receiver is less sensitive Therefore turn off the circuit when its function is not required 2 9 Tuning the Receiver The receiver can be tuned automatically or manually For automatic tuning the receiver is tuned each time you switch from stand by to transmit For manual tuning the re ceiver is properly tuned when the longest tuning indicator appears However the length of the indicator changes with the num ber of radar echoes range and other factors Tuning indicator AUTO 1 juam Pp E Figure 2 7 Tuning indicator Manual tuning The default tuning method is automatic To switch to manual tuning 1 Press the MENU key to open the menu 2 Press the cursor pad to select Tuning 3 Press the cursor pad to select MANUAL 4 Press the ENT key followed by the MENU key How to tune manually While pressing and holding down the HM OFF key press the 9 o clock or 3o clock position on the cursor pad
49. is called a Plan Position Indicator PPI This display is essentially a polar dia gram with the transmitting ship s position at the center Images of target echoes are received and displayed at their relative bear ings and at their distance from the PPI cen ter With a continuous display of the images of targets the motion of the transmitting ship is also displayed Heading line Targets Range and bearing of a target relative to own ship are readable on the Own ship in center Own ship radar A Bird s eye view of situation B Radar picture of A Figure 1 1 How radar works 2 OPERATION 2 1 Control Description Registers selection on menus Press to adjust gain A C RAIN STC and FTC Adjusts display tone Turns the EBL on off Plots targets trails Sets guard zone area Selects display mode erases heading error indication OFF CENTER Figure 2 1 Control panel Cursor pad Shift cursor VRM and EBL select items and options on menu Opens closes menus Erases heading marker selects cursor data Lat Long R B outputs cursor position Selects radar range Adjusts display brilliance Turns the VRM on off Turns the range rings on off Off centers the display Sets radar in stand by transmits radar pulse Turns power on off Range ring interval Presentation mode 2 2 Display Indications and Markers Heading
50. led outdoors You can even hose it down after a day s outing If it is to be in stalled outdoors we recommend installing it an enclosed cabinet for maximum pro tection against the marine environment The temperature and humidity of the mounting location should be stable and moderate No LCD can provide adequate contrast if the ambient temperature 15 too extreme The display unit consumes only a moder ate amount of power so there is no need for forced air ventilation However you should provide adequate space behind and around the unit to permit circulation of air and to provide convenient access to the rear connectors Even though the picture is quite legible even in bright sunlight keep the display unit out of direct sunlight or at least shaded because of heat that can build up inside the cabinet Locate the display unit in a position where you can view and operate it conveniently but where there is no danger of salt or fresh water spray or immersion The orientation of the display unit should be so the radar screen is viewed while the operator is facing in the direction of the bow This makes determination of your position much easier 31 Make sure you allow enough clearance both to get to the connectors behind the unit and to allow you to get your hands in on both sides to loosen or tighten the mount ing knobs Make sure you leave at least a foot or so of service loop of cables be hind the unit so it ca
51. n be pulled forward for servicing or easy removal of the con nectors A magnetic compass will be affected if placed too close to the display unit Ob serve the minimum compass safe distances to prevent deviation of a magnetic com pass standard compass 0 7 meters and steering compass 0 5 meters 2 2 20000000 2 20000000 4 06 FIXING HOLES SERVICING CLEARANCE S20 18 JL 0 717 go 0 79 Mounting procedure The display unit is designed to be mounted on a tabletop 1 Using the hanger as a template mark screw locations in the mounting location 2 Fix the hanger to the mounting location with four M6 tapping screws supplied 3 Fit the knob bolts to the display unit 4 Install the display unit in the hanger 5 Tighten the knob bolts securely 236 9 3 Cutting size for flushmount 140 5 51 d 100 _ 8 94 3 1507 Figure 5 11 How to mount the display unit 32 Connections Connect the signal and power cables the ground wire and optional equipment as shown in Figure 5 12 Covered not use connector Connect heading sensor nere NMEA connector Connect navaid nere Power cable connector onnect power cable here OPTION connector Connect navaid
52. ngth to SHORT or LONG 6 Press ENT and MENU key 2 20 Off Centering the Display Your vessel s position can be shifted any where within 75 of the effective display area The primary advantage of the off cen tered display is that for any range setting the view ahead of your vessel can be ex tended without changing the range or size of targets Procedure 1 Locate the cursor where you want to the screen center to be 2 Press the OFF CENTER key OFF CENTER appears at the top left corner on the display when the display is off cen tered Note The off centered display is automatically canceled when the DISP MODE key is pressed Cursor Cursor 1 Place cursor where desired key cursor location becomes screen center Figure 2 16 Off centering the display 15 2 Press OFF CENTER 2 21 Echo Trails You can show the trails of targets in after glow This function is useful for alerting you to possible collision situations Starting echo trail Press the TRAIL key to start the echo trail function Afterglow starts extending from targets and TRAIL and the echo trail time appear at the top right hand corner of the display Press the key again within 3 sec onds to select a different trail time among 15 sec 30 sec 1 min 3min 6 min 15 min 30 min and continuous In continuous plot ting the time elapsed appears at the top right corner on the display Note If the ran
53. of 18 April 1997 and 96329301 of 18 April 1997 prepared by Telefication The Netherlands On behalf of Furuno Electric Co Ltd 522202 Ig BPS LL Iro ki Komatsu Nishinomiya City Japan Manager January 15 2001 International Rules and Regulations Place and date of issue name and signature or equivalent marking of authorized person
54. on successive rotations of the scan ner Figure 2 15 Radar interference Four levels of interference are available in cluding off IRI IR2 IR3 and OFF IR3 provides the highest level of rejection Procedure 1 Press the MENU key 2 Select P L amp Int Noise Rej amp ES and press the ENT key 3 Select INT REJECT 4 Select level desired 2 provides the great est degree of interference rejection 4 Press ENT and MENU IR and level selected appear at the top right corner on the display when the interference rejection circuit is turned on 2 18 Suppressing Noise Interference Noise interference appears on the screen as many bright dots These dots can be sup pressed by turning on the noise rejector Note however that there are some forms of noise interference which this radar cannot sup press Procedure 1 Press the MENU key 2 Select P L amp Int Noise Rej amp ES and press the ENT key 3 Select Noise Reject to ON 4 Press the ENT key followed by the MENU key 2 19 Selecting Pulselength Pulselength is the transmission time of a single radar pulse The longer the pulselength the greater the detection range capability however range accuracy and range resolution are reduced Pulselength can be selected to short or long on the 1 5 and 3 nautical mile ranges 1 Press the MENU key 2 Select P L amp Int Noise Rej amp ES and press the ENT key 3 Select Pulsele
55. or feet 7 Select unit of measurement for water tem perature to Centigrade or Fahrenheit 8 Select whether to display nav data or ST BY NORM for stand by for navigation data 9 Press the ENT key followed by the MENU key 2 23 Echo Stretch magnifying long range echoes Normally the reflected echoes from long range targets appear on the display as weaker and smaller blips even though they are com pensated by the radar s internal circuitry To stretch long range echoes in the range di rection turn on the echo stretch function Distant echo Echo stretch OFF Echo stretch ON Figure 2 20 Echo stretch Turning echo stretch on or off 1 Press the MENU key 2 Select P L amp Int Noise Rej amp ES and press the ENT key 3 Select Echo Stretch 17 4 ON or OFF 5 Press the ENT key followed by the MENU key ES appears at the top right side on the display when the echo stretch feature is on Note 1 This function magnifies not only tar gets but also sea clutter and radar interference For this reason be sure the controls for adjust ment of sea clutter and radar interference are properly adjusted before activating the echo stretch Note 2 Echo stretch is inoperative on ranges from 0 25 to 0 75 nautical miles ES appears in reverse video when you try to turn on the echo stretch in those ranges Note 3 When the echo stretch function is se lected Interference Rejection l
56. picture by chang ing the range scale angular difference be comes difficult to resolve as a target approaches the center of the display Target on collision course with your vessel You can determine if a target might be on a collision course with your vessel by placing the EBL on the target If it tracks along the EBL as it approaches the screen center it may be on a collision course with your vessel 2 12 Menu Operation The menu consisting of 6 sub menus mostly contains less often used functions which once preset do not require regular adjust ment To open or close the menu press the MENU key You can select items on the menu with the cursor pad Basic menu operation 1 Press the MENU key to open the menu The main menu appears MAIN MENU 6 Select item by keys and press ENT key 1 Backlight Brilliance 2 P L IR NR amp Radar Mode 3 Nav Data 4 Mode amp Function 5 Tuning MANUAL 6 Self Check 7 Installation Setup 1 Press HM OFF to temporarily hide menu Press MENU key to escape Figure 2 10 Main menu 2 Press the cursor pad to select menu and press the ENT key 3 Press the cursor pad to select menu item 4 Press the cursor pad to select option 5 Press the ENT key to register selection 6 Press the MENU key to close the menu Menu description See the table on the next page Table 1 1 Menu description 1 BACKLIGHT BRILLIANCE MENU Sel
57. plification will be normal at those ranges where there is no sea clutter The control is effective up to about 4 miles STC can be adjusted automatically or manu ally For manual adjustment first adjust the gain and then transmit on short range Ad just the STC level such that the clutter is broken up into small dots and small targets become distinguishable If the setting is set too low targets will be hidden in the clutter while if it is set too high both sea clutter and targets will disappear from the display In most cases adjust so clutter has disap peared to leeward but a little is still visible windward If there is no clutter visible on the display turn off the circuit Sea clutter at display center STC adjusted sea clutter suppressed Figure 2 5 Effect of STC How to adjust A C RAIN and FTC suppressing rain clutter The vertical beamwidth of the scanner is de signed to see surface targets even when the ship is rolling However by this design the unit will also detect rain clutter rain snow hail etc in the same manner as normal tar gets Figure 2 6 shows the appearance of rain clutter on the display Adjusting A C RAIN When rain clutter masks echoes over a wide range raise the A C RAIN slightly to dis tinguish targets from the clutter Appearance of rain clutter A C RAIN adjusted rain clutter suppressed Figure 2 6 Effect of A C RAIN Adjusting FTC To suppress ra
58. put TLL On using HM OFF Key RSD A cycle of four seconds EQUIPMENT LIST mE Set Name Code No No Code No Qty Remaks Antenna unit RSB 0071 058 Spare parts SP03 09800 000 085 441 1 set ie 18100 18100 1000 086 972 086 972 isignalcable 0m isignalcable 0m 10m Installation EUM 18110 086 973 signal cable 15 m 5 materials CP03 18120 000 086 974 1 set signal cable 20 m select one 03 18130 000 086 975 signal cable 30 m CP03 18140 000 086 546 w o signal cable Installation Materials CP03 15xx Loewe Gy Remarks 10 25 505304 000 862 308 M10 505304 000 864 131 000 864 261 5 Signal cable 503 72 10 008 475 340 10 Select onek egg 7215 008 475 350 15 503 72 20 008 475 360 20 m 6 cable 0389148 0 000 129 613 1 3 5m 503 61 compatible may be supplied two thin pink wires replaced with one thick wire Spare Parts SP03 9800 Ne Name Type CodeNo Remas 1 Fuse FGBO A 5A AC125 V 000 549 064 2 Accessories FP03 05900 No Name Type Code No Qty Remarks Tapping Screw 5 20 505304 000 802 081 4 Optional Equipment No Name Type Code No Gty Remarks 1 Rectifier PR 62 000 013 484 100 VAC 000 013 485 110 VAC 000 013 486 220 VAC 000 013 487 230 VAC 2 Exemal Buzzer OP03 136 00
59. rts Figure 2 21 How watchman works Turning on watchman 1 Create a guard zone usually 360 degrees with the guard alarm function 2 Press the MENU key 3 Select Mode amp Function and press the ENT key 4 Select Watchman 5 Select watchman rest interval amount of time until next rotation of antenna 5 minutes 10 minutes or 20 minutes 6 Press the ENT key followed by the MENU key Then WATCHMAN ap pears and the radar transmits for one minute and then goes into stand by Canceling watchman Press any key while the radar is transmit ting Pressing a key during stand by causes the radar to go to warm up condition 2 27 Erasing the Heading Marker The heading marker continuously appears on the display and shows your vessel s head ing When this mark obscures a target echo you can temporarily erase it by pressing and holding down the HM OFF key Release the key to redisplay the marker 2 28 Deselecting Ranges This radar has 15 ranges some which you may not require You can deselect up to eight ranges as follows 1 Press the MENU key 2 Select Mode amp Function and press the ENT key 3 Select Range and press the ENT key Active ranges appear in reverse video 4 Press 4 P to select range to disable or enable Current selection is under lined 5 Press ENT 6 Repeat steps 4 and 5 to disable or en able other ranges 7 When finished press the MENU
60. run the test as follows 1 Press the MENU key 2 Select Self Check The following display appears SELF TEST KEY BOARD TEST Press each key Cor responding key on the screen turns black Prog NO 03590951 ROM OK RAM OK On Hours 000019 5H Tx Hours 000019 5H lt MENU gt MAIN MENU Figure 4 1 Self test screen 3 To check the keyboard press a key Its corresponding location on the display lights in black if the key is operating prop erly 4 To escape the test press the MENU key The ROM and RAM are automatically checked If NG No Good appears to the right of ROM or RAM indication contact your dealer for advice 28 5 INSTALLATION This chapter provides the procedures neces sary for installation Installation mainly con sists of the following siting and mounting the display unit and antenna unit connection of the signal cable and the power cable establishing the ground checking the installation and adjustments 5 1 Antenna Unit Installation Siting handling considerations The antenna unit is generally installed either on top of the wheelhouse or on the radar mast on a suitable platform Locate the antenna unit where there is a good all round view rig ging intercepting the scanning beam Any obstruction will cause shadow and blind sec tor
61. s Confirm that the power supply voltage is compatible with the voltage rating of the equipment Hazardous voltage which can cause electrical shock burn or serious injury exists inside the Connection to the wrong power supply can cause fire or equipment damage The voltage rating appears on the label at the rear of the display unit Wear a safety belt and hard hat when working on the antenna unit Serious injury or death can Use the correct fuse result if someone falls from the radar antenna mast Use of a wrong fuse can cause fire or equipment damage If applicable turn off the power at the mains switch board before beginning the installation Post a sign near the switch to indicate it should not be turned on while the equipment is being installed Fire electrical shock or serious injury can result if the power is left on or is applied while the equipment is being installed TABLE OF CONTENTS SPECIFICATIONS vii EQUIPMENT LIST Ix CONFIGRATION xi 1 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION eiie 1 1 1 Whatis Radar 1 1 2 How Ships Determined Position Before Radat oed 1 1 3 How Radar Determines Range 1 1 4 How Radar Determines Bearing 1 1 5 Radar Wave Speed and Antenna Rotation Speed see 1 1 6 Rad
62. s A mast for instance with a diameter considerably less than the width of the radicator will cause only a small blind sec tor but a horizontal spreader or crosstrees in the same horizontal plane as the antenna unit would be a much more serious obstruction you would need to place the antenna unit well above or below it t is rarely possible to place the antenna unit where a completely clear view in all direc tion is available Thus you should determine the angular width and relative bearing of any shadow sectors for their influence on the ra dar at the first opportunity after fitting The method of determining blind and shadow sectors appears later in this chapter If you have a radio direction finder on your boat local its antenna clear of the antenna unit to prevent interference to the direction finder A separation of more than two meters is recommended To lessen the chance of picking up electrical interference avoid where possible routing the signal cable near other onboard electri cal equipment Also avoid running the cable in parallel with power cables The compass safe distance should be ob served to prevent deviation of the magnetic compass Standard compass Steering compass Do not paint the radome to ensure proper emission of the radar waves When this radar is to be installed on larger vessels consider the following points 1 The signal cable run between the antenna and t
63. s entering guard in or exiting guard out the guard zone Select type of guard zone as follows 1 Press the MENU key to display the menu 2 Select Mode amp Function and press the ENT key 3 Select Alarm Mode to IN or OUT 4 Press the ENT key followed by the MENU key Dashed line no alarm 7UT Guard zone IN ALARM OUT ALARM Figure 2 15 In and out alarms Setting the guard zone 1 Mentally create the guard zone you want to display See Figure 2 14 1 2 Operate the cursor pad to set cursor on top bottom left edge of the guard zone Press the GUARD key IN or with asterisk blinking appears at the top right hand corner on the display The asterisk indicates the guard zone is partially set See Figure 2 14 2 3 Operate the cursor pad to set cursor on bottom top right edge of the guard zone and press the GUARD key The aster isk disappears See Figure 2 14 3 4 Guard zone appears on the display See Figure 2 14 4 Silencing the audible alarm Any ships landmasses etc coming into or going out of the guard zone will trigger the audible alarm and display the guard zone in reverse video You can silence the alarm by 13 pressing the GUARD key When this is done G ACKN replaces G IN or G OUT Press the GUARD key again to reactivate the alarm G IN or G OUT replaces G ACKN Canceling the guard zone Press and hold do
64. s the bearing to the waypoint which is selected on the naviga tional equipment connected to the radar When navigating a route and own ship en ters the arrival zone of a waypoint the ra dar displays the bearing to the next waypoint Procedure 1 Press the MENU key to open the menu 2 Press the cursor pad to select 2 P L IR NR amp Radar Mode 3 Press the cursor pad to select Radar mode 4 Select option for CU or WPT UP 5 Press the ENT key followed by the MENU key NOTE Insert display example and description for each presentation mode like in FR 1500M2 or FR 8000 series Also add section on how display is reset in true motion and change Table of Contents if necessary 2 16 Guard Alarm The guard alarm allows the operator to set the desired range and bearing for a guard zone When ships islands landmasses etc enter or exit depending on type of guard zone in use the guard zone an audible alarm sounds to call the operator s attention The alarm is very effective as an anticollision aid when using an autopilot or navigating in narrow channels N CAUTION The guard alarm is a useful anti collision aid but does not relieve the operator of the responsibility to also keep a visual lookout for possible collision situations The alarm should never be used as the sole means for detecting possible collision situations The guard alarm can be set to sound on tar get
65. t properties and radar wave reflec range and bearing resolution and false echoes 3 1 The Radar Wave and Radar Horizon How the radar wave travels The radar wave tends to travel in straight lines at the speed of light However it is subject to bending or refraction in the atmo sphere the amount depending on region and density Super refraction Super refraction is a condition in which there is an upper layer of warm dry air over a surface layer of cold moist air Radar waves bend downward and thus increase the ranges at which targets may be detected Sub refraction Sub refraction is the reverse condition of super refraction a layer of cold air is above a layer of warm air Radar waves bend up ward and thus decrease the ranges at which targets may be detected Radar horizon Radar is essentially a line of sight phe nomenon That means you have just about the same range to horizon with a radar as you do with your own eyes However under normal atmospheric conditions the radar horizon is 6 greater than the optical hori zon Therefore if the target does not rise above the horizon the radar beam cannot be reflected from the target The distance to the horizon from the scan ner under normal conditions is calculated by the following formula Rmax 2 2 X 4h tlh Where Rmax Radar horizon mile h1 An tenna height meters h2 Target height meters 7 Horizon
66. there is no target In some cases the effects can be reduced or eliminated The operator should familiarize himself or herself with the appearance and effects of these false echoes so as not to confuse them with echoes from legitimate contacts Multiple echoes Multiple echoes occur when a short range strong echo is received from a ship bridge or breakwater A second a third or more ech oes may be observed on the display at double triple or other multiples of the ac tual range of the target as shown in Figure 3 4 Multiple reflection echoes can be re duced and often removed by decreasing the sensitivity or properly adjusting the STC 5 Own ship True echo Target Multiple echo Figure 3 4 Multiple echoes Side lobe echoes Every time the scanner rotates some radia tion escapes on each side of the beam called side lobes If a target exists where it can be detected by the side lobes as well as the main lobe the side lobe echoes may be represented on both sides of the true echo at the same range as shown in Figure 3 5 Side lobes show usually only at short ranges and from strong targets They can be reduced through careful reduction of the sensitivity or proper adjustment of the STC Mairie True echo Side lobe Spurious target Scanner Figure 3 5 Side lobe echoes Indirect echoes Indirect echoes may be returne
67. tting the radar selects a navigator in order of navigator accuracy GPS Loran and other Turns navigation data display on off Selects position display format latitude and longitude or Loran TDs Selects unit of measurement for depth meters feet or fathoms Selects unit of measurement for water temperature or F Selects what to display during stand by navigation data requires navigation input or STBY Selects window display format zoom or wide Selects watchman interval among 5 min 10 min or 20 min Selects alarm mode IN alarm to targets entering the guard zone or OUT alarm to targets exiting the guard zone Selects VRM unit nm km or sm Selects EBL reference relative or true Selects ranges to use Select range to enable disable and press ENT key Model 841 only hide menu Press MENU for main menu Tuning Selects AUTOMATIC or MANUAL tuning Self Check Checks the radar system for proper operation Default settings shown in boldface 10 2 13 Selecting the Display Mode The display mode may be selected with the DISP MODE key Four modes are avail able with navigation input Normal Nor mal Window Normal Nav Data and Normal Window Data Window Display Nav Display ON WIDE Each time the key is pressed the display mode changes in one of the sequences shown below depending on equipment conn
68. tude and longitude or Lo ran C time differences TDs bearing and range to a waypoint selected on the navigator cross track error XTE the amount in nautical miles and the direction the ves sel if off course depth speed If the navigation data include the destina tion data waypoint position is denoted on the radar display by a dashed ring HDG 326 8 AUTO 1 5 2 i n vey avy NA N DEPTH XTE SPD 350 0m 0 05NML 30 0KT WAYPOINT POSI L L 12 0nm 45 0 DOE VRM EBL CURSOR 0 675Nu 240 1 n 0 646 308 7 R Figure 2 18 Sample nav data display Setting up the nav data display 1 Press the MENU key 2 Select Nav Data and press the ENT key NAV DATA MENU Select item and option by keys 1 Navigator ALL GPS LC 2 Nav Data Disp OFF ON 3 Pos Disp Mode L L TD 4 Depth Unit M FA FT 5 Temp Unit C F 6 STBY Display NORM NAV Press HM OFF to temporarily hide menu Press MENU for main menu Figure 2 19 Nav data menu 3 Select Navigator GPS Loran C or ALL Select all if several navigators are con nected to the radar In this case position data 1s selected order of GPS Loran C and other 4 Select Nav Data Disp to OFF or ON 5 Select Pos Disp Mode to L L latitude and longitude or TD Loran C 6 Select unit of depth measurement to meters fathoms
69. tulations on your choice of the FURUNO MODEL 841 MARK 2 Marine Radar We are confident you will see why the FURUNO name has become synony mous with quality and reliability For over 40 years FURUNO Electric Com pany has enjoyed an enviable reputation for innovative and dependable marine electron ics equipment This dedication to excellence is furthered by our extensive global network of agents and dealers Your radar is designed and constructed to meet the rigorous demands of the marine en vironment However no machine can per form its intended function unless properly installed and maintained Please carefully read and follow the recommended proce dures for installation operation and main tenance While this unit can be installed by the pur chaser any purchaser who has doubts about his or her technical abilities may wish to have the unit installed by a FURUNO rep resentative or other qualified technician The importance of a thorough installation can not be overemphasized We would appreciate hearing from you the end user about whether we are achieving our purposes Thank you for considering and purchasing FURUNO equipment vi Features Your radar has a large variety of functions all contained in a remarkably small cabinet The main features of the MODEL 841 MARK 2 are Traditional FURUNO reliability and quality in a compact lightweight and low cost radar e Smartly styled light weight and compa
70. uld start from the center of the display sometimes called sweep origin A trigger pulse generated in the display unit goes to the antenna unit through the signal cable to trigger the transmitter magnetron The time taken by the signal to travel up to the antenna unit varies depending largely on the length of signal cable During this period the display unit should wait before starting the sweep When the display unit is not ad justed correctly the echoes from a straight local object for example a harbor wall or straight pier will not appear with straight edges namely they will be seen as pushed out or pulled in near the picture center The range of objects will also be incorrectly shown 1 Correct 2 Target pushed 3 Target pushed inward outward Figure 5 19 Examples of improper and correct sweep timings 37 1 Transmit the radar the shortest range and 5 9 Closing the Installation adjust the sensitivity and STC Menus 2 Visually select a straight echo harbor wall straight pier Press the MENU key and turn off the power 3 Display the Installation Setup 2 menu and select Adjust Sweep Timing 5 While looking at the target selected at step 2 press cursor pad at the 9 o clock or 3 o clock position to straighten the target 6 Press the ENT key 38 Table 5 1 Voltage ratings reference for installer Item MODEL 841 M2 Remarks Magnetron current TP802 5 0 9 1 1V
71. wn the GUARD key until the guard zone disappears Notes on the guard alarm When the radar range is less than one half of the guard zone range the guard zone disappears from the display and UP RANGE appears If this happens raise the range to redisplay the guard zone A target echo does not always mean a landmass reef ships or surface objects but can imply returns from sea surface or precipitation As the level of these returns Asterisk blinking S Guard zone to set Drag cursor here 1 Mentally create the guard zone to set 2 Drag cursor to top left corner of zone and press GUARD Drag cursor here 4 Guard zone completed 3 Drag cursor to bottom right corner of zone and press GUARD Figure 2 14 How to set a guard zone 14 varies with environment the operator should properly adjust the STC gain sen sitivity A C RAIN and FTC to be sure the alarm system does not overlook tar get echoes 2 17 Suppressing Radar Interference Radar interference may occur when near an other shipborne radar operating in the same frequency band as your radar Its on screen appearance is many bright dots either scat tered at random or in the form of dotted lines extending from the center to the edge of the display Figure 2 15 illustrates interference in the form of curved spokes Interference effects are distinguishable from normal ech oes because they do not appear in the same place
72. yg NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN N NS N N N X NS ES x VELL ELL dQH 391AN3S GQ3O0N3AWOO3H SNOISN3WIQ 40 9NVdHIO1 S31VOIGNI 318VI 10N E BEY A AN ST E33 HOS Q P LEPRE SABE 1 BEN N X8 4 OS Hit TVNIWHGIL GND _ EF 004 gt 1 gt oor F 001 5 1 gt GIF 09 S1 gt OS 0 39NVu3 101 NOTSN3NIG EV uu ERARE SOH 9NIXIJ D 2 UR UN O 4 M10 FIXING HOLES 0 lt 165 CABLE ENTRY 50 L S 100 lt L 500 3 500 lt Lsiooo xa SHIP S BOW 1 1 PLATFORM TABLE 1 INDICATES TOLERANCE OF DIMENSIONS 2 COMPASS SAFE DISTANCE EFF THREAD LENGTH STANDARD M10x25 STEERING HEX BOLT 1 4 SCALE 1 4 3 o _RSB 0071 MODEL 1832 l TE eles SCANNER UNIT o 03 136 6001 02 OUTLINE DRAWING FURUNO ELECTRIC CO LTD

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