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Remote Processing Coorporation RPC-320 User`s manual

1. range is voltage input 0 to 5V 8 2 CHAPTER 8 Differential Mode When differential m ode is specified inputs are actually pseudo differential reference is needed For example you cannot place a What this means is that a ground battery between channel 0 and 1 and get an accurate reading The input must be referenced to ground An example of where pseudo differential works is an output from a bridge network A pseudo differential input subtracts the DC component from an input The IC maker recommends the input remain stable within 1 count with respect to ground for best results input to ground works well Connecting a 0 1 uF capacitor from the When operating in differential mode relative and When inputs are reversed a conversion returns a 0 When the voltages must be connected to specific inputs relative voltage changes perform a conversion on the CONFIG AIN must be perfor med on both channels to be valid alternate channel Pairs of channels can be differential while others single ended Thus if channel 0 and 1 are differential inputs channels 2 7 may be single ended Examples using CON FIG AIN Below are sample syntaxes for the CON FIG AIN command 1 Single ended mode 0 5V input CONFIG AIN chan 1 1 The input voltage is from 0 to 5 volts The result from the AIN function is 0 for 0 000V and 4095 for 4 9988V chan may range from 0 to 7 if no other channels are u
2. Writing with line numbers You can manually enter line numbers The problem is when you have to add another line It is quite common for programs to grow and run out of line numbers You can execute the RERUM command to renumber lines A technique used to further program documentation and reduce code space is the use of comments in a downloaded file For example you could have the following in a file written on your editor Check VAT temperature Read the output from the RTD and calculate the temperature 2200 a ain 0 Get temp The first 3 comments downloaded to the RPC 2350 are ignored Similarly the empty lines between comments are also ignored Line 2200 with its comment is a part of the program and could be listed The major penalty by writing a program this way is increased download time NOTE Some versions of PC SmartLink may optionally strip comments before downloading Check your manual to see if this option is available If you like to write programs in separate modules you can download them separately Modules are assigned blocks ofline numbers Start up code might be from 1 to 999 Interrupt handling keypad serial ports might be from lines 1000 to 1499 Display output might be SETUP AND OPERATION from 1500 to 2500 The program mer must determine the number of lines required for each section When replacing a program or section downloading time is increased Blocks of line numbers cannot be renu
3. 1 Initializing Inputs 2 Differential Mode 2 Examples using CONFIG AIN 2 ACQUIRING ANALOG DATA 3 Data logging on a timer tick 3 MEASURING HIGHER VOLTAGES 3 CONVERTING ANALOG MEASUREMENTS TO REAL WORLD UNITS 3 Oise NOtES es ma A at Wag 4 CALIBRATION 6 3 bana ak pue ee ee RT 4 ANALOG OUTPUT 5 IC Installation o o o ooo 5 Program ming voltage output 5 Output Current 00 0 6 NOISE 4 sauer INA ANG p Re ee 6 MA OUTRUT o A IPIE 6 IC Installation o o oo 6 Current loop power 7 POWER SUPPLY 1 eee eee 7 COMMANDS rari x ee NANG det 7 KEYPAD PORT CHAPTER 9 PROGRAMMING THE KEYPAD 1 Program Explanation 2 Keypad Commands 2 KEYPAD PORTPINOUT J5 2 COMMANDS cess 2 DISPLAY PORTS CHAPTER 10 LCD CHARACTER PORTJ6 1 Configuring J6 for a display 1 USING TWO DISPLAYS 1 DISPLAY CONNECTOR PIN OUT 2 COMMANDS 202 2 SOUND TIMER OUTPUT CHAPTER 11 CONNECTING TO A SPEAKER 1 WATCHDOG TIMER CHAPTER 12 PROGRAM EXAMPLES 1 iii INTERRUPTS CHAPTER 13 INTERRUPT HANDLING BY CAMBASIC 1 HARDWARE INTERRUPTS 1 SOFTWARE INTERRUPTS 2 COMMANDS 0 nk eon ati a
4. Any number of other LCD displays may be used See the table at the end of this sub section for cable pin out Configuring J6 for a display Two lines of CAMBASIC code must be executed in the proper order before J6 is ready for displays First you must configure the digital I O port using the CONFIG PIO command Port A must be configured as an output If you are using a keypad then set port C as shown in the example below Port B is usually set to an output to drive the high current sinks Refer to Chapter 6 DIGITAL I O for more information on port B and general program ming information Put the following line of code in your program CONFIG PIO 1 0 x x x 64 X parameter is 0 or 1 as needed in your application Refer to the CAMBA SIC Programming Manual for more information about CONFIG PIO The address for the display PIO chip is 64 Next determine the type of display you will be using Refer to the CAMBA SIC Programming Manual for a list of types under CONFIG DISPLAY The following example configures J6 for a LCD 4 x 20 display CONFIG DISPLAY 64 4 1 The cursor was selected as blinking There are two LCD character display demonstration programs that show how to position and write to the display LCD440 BAS LCD420 BAS Writes to LCD 4 x 40 Writes to LCD 4 x 20 USING TWO DISPLAYS The RPC 2350G is not intended to use both character and graphics displays simultaneously There is no provision for switching th
5. The SYS 0 function returns your program size You can use this figure to determine where you can start saving in Flash Be sure to round up to the next page boundary last two bytes of the address to amp 00 when determining your data start of address This is to account for the Flash block size All cases limit maximum address to amp F FFF in any one segment Be sure to read Considerations for saving to Flash below for more inform ation Since each situation is unique call Remote Processing technical support at 303 690 1588 to discuss your problem further Considerations for saving to Flash The RPC 2350G uses amp 5A00 bytes in the Flash EPROM to store graphics fonts The fonts are stored starting in segment 9 address amp ACO0 This is high enough in memory so no CAMBASIC program will interfere with it Only if you use medium and large size fonts on the RPC 2350G will you have to consider this as an upper memory limit for storing data Consider installing a 512K byte flash and saving to segments 2 7 Flash EPROM is written to in blocks or sectors of 128 29C010A installed or 256 29C040A installed bytes each This means if you want to save just 1 byte 128 or 256 bytes are used You must pay attention to sector size for two reasons First a sector is the minimum number of bytes written If a program requires only 35 bytes to be saved a full sector is written If you had the following in your code 1000 SAVE
6. Output high volts 2 4V minimum sink or source at rated current All digital input lines are TTL compatible High current output at J3 8 of the 24 lines can drive up to 500 mA at 50V Refer to CHAPTER 6 DIGITAL AND OPTO PORTS for limitations Analog input A D Channels 8 Ranges 0 5V 2 5V Resolution 12 bits 4096 counts Accuracy 3 counts 3 counts offset Type Single ended or pseudo differential Conversion time 500 micro seconds in CAMBASIC Analog voltage output D A option Channels 2 Ranges 0 5V 5V 0 10V Resolution 12 bits 4096 counts Accuracy 3 counts 3 counts offset Current output 5 mA for accuracy 18 1 TECHNICAL INFORMATION Settling time 2 micro seconds 4 20 mA output option Channels 2 each requires its own D A non isolated Input voltage 12V to 30V or use on card supply 15V available Keypad input 10 lines accept a 16 to 24 position matrix keypad Scanning and debounce performed in CAMBASIC Uses 8 lines from J3 24 position uses additional 2 lines from J3 Serial ports Two RS 232D serial ports COMI has TxD and RXD only COM2 also has RTS and CTS lines Programmable baud rates from 600 to 38 4K 7 or 8 data bits parity even odd or none 1 or 2 stop bits Flash EPROM Accepts Atmel 29C010A 29C040A or equivalent PEPROM Size 128K 29C010A or 512K 29C040A Speed 120ns or faster Watchdog timer reset Watch dog timer resets card for 15
7. PIO Configures J3 I O port Returns a byte from an I O address Returns status of an opto line Sets an opto module output Writes a byte to an I O address PULSE Reads or writes a pulse at a port See also ON BIT ON COUNT ON INP and related statements DIGITAL I O WORKSHEET Use the following tables to help you plan how digital lines will be used and referenced in your design It will also help you spot potential conflicts with multiple use lines such as keypad port on J3 Copy these pages if necessary The follow ing are the addresses for each of the 8 bit digital ports Connector J2 Addresses 0 2 Port A 0 Port B 1 PortC 2 Connector J3 Addresses amp 40 amp 42 Port A amp 40 Port B amp 41 Port C amp 42 6 5 DIGITAL LINES DIGITAL LINES CHAPTER 6 J2 82C55 Opto Description use Associated CAMBASIC variable Pin Port bit Channel function or task number 19 A O Example Start switch ON BIT 0 0 0 GOSUB START CHAPTER 6 DIGITAL LINES J3 82C55 Other use for line Opto What line is used for Associated CAMBASIC variable Pin Port Bit Channel function or task number Ja B 2 Exam ple Example Solenoid 1 on off SOLI status BIT amp 41 2 SOL1 LCD port J6 EP LCD port J6 9 LCD port J6 LCD port J6 11 LCD port J6 LCD port J6 13 LCD port J6 LCD port J6 15 High curr Keypad o Pi AAA pum p High curr keypad 17 High current 19 Hig
8. application A high voltage 15 volts input is available at J10 10 This input is intended for the counter However it can be used as a digital input Connect jumper block W9 2 to a digital input at J2 or J3 6 1 DIGITAL LINES On power up or software reset or CAMBASIC CALL 0 all digital ports are reset to inputs DIGITAL I O PORT Digital I O lines on the RPC 2350 are supplied by an 82C55 chip The chip s lines primarily go to connectors J2 and J3 Lines to J3 also go to J5 and J6 This part assumes you will be using all lines at J3 for digital I O The lines on J2 and J3 are divided into 3 eight bit groups Ports A and B can be configured as all inputs or outputs Port C can be programmed as one group of 8 inputs or outputs or as two groups of four lines upper and lower C The four lines in upper and lower C can each be programmed as all inputs or outputs Configuration is done in CAMBASIC using CON FIG PIO command When a line is configured as an output it can sink a maximum of 2 5 mA at 0 4V and can source over 2 5 mA at 2 4V Outputs sink 15 mA at 1 0V J2 and J3 are accessed using CAMBASIC LINE OPTO INP and OUT statements port based on the connector number LINE is generally used with the STB 26 board OPTO reads or writes to an opto module based on its position in an MPS opto INP and OUT access a byte of data at a port Refer to the tables at the end of this chapter for pin outs OPTO and LINE referen
9. prompts company logos or process symbols When used in conjunction with DISPLAY SAVE it can be used to recall a graph DISPLA Y LOAD does not save any small text info Parameters x1 y1 x2 y2 specify the rectangular area on the display where the graphic will be placed x1 Y1 X2 Y2 Figure 15 3 Graphic coordinates correspond to those used to draw lines pixels and fill areas The seg parameter specifies what memory segment to save or load Memory type amp size Range of seg parameter 128K RAM 1 512K RAM 1 7 128K Flash 8 9 512K Flash 8 15 15 6 CHAPTER 15 DISPLAY SAVE works only when seg isto RAM To save a screen to flash you must use SAVE You will have to calculate the address especially if you have more than one screen Calculating graphic memory requirem ents Use x1 y1 x2 y2 parameters in DISPLAY LOAD and SAVE to calculate the number of bytes needed bytes X2 X1 8 Y2 Y1 The equation above assume X2 gt Xl and Y2 gt Yl Round UP the result of X2 X1 8 if itis a fraction See the following example Suppose you want to save screen data from 0 120 to 203 239 bytes 203 0 8 239 120 bytes 25 375 119 Round UP 25 375 to 26 bytes 26 119 bytes 3094 To save multiple screens assign each screen a number assuming they are all the same size When saving multiply the screen number by the number of
10. txt extension to the file name This is OK When using the line edit feature in CAMBASIC you may see some extra characters and numbers on the display Try to ignore them as best you can EDITING PROGRAMS AND HINTS Files uploaded or downloaded are simply ASCII DOS text files No special characters or control codes are used You may create and edit programs using your favorite word processor or editor Just be sure to save files in DOS text format There are two ways you can write CA MBASIC programs With or without line numbers Even this is not hard and fast as you can write using a mixture CHAPTER 2 You can write a program in lower case characters CAM BASIC translates them to upper case Some program mers put NEW as the first line in the file During debugging it is common to insert temporary lines Adding NEW ensures that these lines are gone Downloading time is increased when the old program is still present Instead of uploading and downloading programs you can save them to the on card Flash EPROM This is useful if you are using a terminal to write programs Make sure the Autorun jumper is installed See Chapter 3 SAVING PROGRAMS To prevent automatic program execution on power up insert the STOP statement at the beginning of the program such as line 1 When you power up the RPC 2350 the program is transferred into RAM and executed Delete the program line with the STOP statement to normally start programs
11. with the other meaning that a CHAPTER 15 lighted pixel or block on one layer can obliterate another This CAMBASIC can display 3 character sizes The 2 larger sizes are considered a graphic Each layer can be turned on off or flashed CONTRAST ADJUSTMENT There are two contrast adjustment methods for LC displays Both use the BIAS pot R30 Jumper W3 determines if contrast is set only by BIAS pot R30 or can be also modified in software Software control is handy if the display is subjected to wide temperature variations If this channel is used for contrast adjustment then analog Software control uses analog output channel 1 output voltage and 4 20 mA current are not available for this channel Mechanical Contrast Adjustment Contrast set by R30 is factory default W 3 2 3 sets this condition See figure 15 2 below for jumper detail Adjust R30 BIAS pot for optimal viewing Software Contrast Control Contrast can be controlled by software using analog output channel 1 The contrast should adjusted manually at first power up the display and run one of the display Simply programs Adjust R30 contrast for optimal display Then turn off the power and set the jumpers shown below Contrast voltage at display connector J9 5 is about 18 volts Set the following jumpers W3 1 2 W12 5 7 Jumper W3 is set for software control See Figure 15 2 below for jumper detail Jumper W12 is set for 5V out
12. 0 to N INP 7 0000000000 If two interrupts happen simultaneously they will be checked and started in this order Unless you use the LOCK command the next interrupt will not be processed for 8 commands This means you can have an interrupt processing routine interrupt another which can interrupt another Since these are all subroutines the number you can have active at one time is limited only by the amount of available RAM Interrupt service routines should be written as short as possible Only those lines necessary to stop or start something should be processed Heavy duty analysis and processing should be done in a non time critical loop if at all possible J10 interrupt counter connector Figure 13 1 J10 and INT 1 location HARDWARE INTERRUPTS Hardware interrupts supported by CAMBASIC are INT 0 and INT 1 The real time clock uses INT 0 jumpered via W10 See Chapter 7 The counter quadrature encoder uses INT 1 See Chapter 14 INT 1 also goes to J10 2 for external interrupts Be sure to remove any INTERRUPTS jumpers from W7 if using external interrupts INT1 is tied to a 10K ohm pull up resistor The ON ITR n GOSUB Jine label tasking statement is used to initialize interrupts 0 and 1 INT 0 and INT 1 are level sensitive As long as the line is low an interrupt is generated This can be a blessing and curse depending upon the application Make sure you turn off or reset your external hardware in
13. 10 milli seconds if your program is small under 500 lines As the program gets larger this time should increase A result of a short delay time is missing or garbled program lines Downloading programs SmartLink To practice downloading a program type NEW lt return gt Perform the following when using PC SmartL ink 1 Press the F1 gt key to view the main menu 2 SmartLink has a buffer which is used to temporarily store the program If you followed these instructions without exiting SmartLink the previously uploaded program is in the buffer and may be downloaded However lets assume you just started SmartLink Press the L key to get the program from the disk 3 Enter the filename to get the file 4 Press D to download the program 5 Press the F2 key to return to the program You can list the program by typing list or Other communications software The following is general information when using another terminal emulation program Procomm etc When uploading or downloading files select ASCII text format Other formats are not used CAMBASIC does not know when you are typing in a program or if something else laptop or mainframe is sending it characters The upload and download file does not contain any special control codes it is simply ASCII characters SETUP AND OPERATION Uploading programs is simply a process of receiving an ASCII file You or your program simply needs to send LIST to
14. CONNECTING TO A SPEAKER Refer to figure 11 2 below for circuit connections to a speaker The series resistor determines the volume the Capacitor sets the lower frequency limit Generally values from 100 uF to 470 uF are adequate The speaker may be any value but those with 50 ohms or greater produce higher db output 100 uF 100 Ohm 710 3 AA To Speaker Figure 10 2 Speaker interface CHAPTER 12 CHAPTER SYNOPSIS Uses for a watchdog timer Cautions using watchdog DESCRIPTION A watchdog timer is used to reset the RPC 2350 if the program or CPU crashes When enabled the program must write to I O address amp E8 to avoid a reset The timeout is adjustable for 150 ms 600 ms or 1 2 seconds The watchdog should be disabled when usng INPUT statements Also loops which do not end quickly or are of indeterminate duration should be avoided unless a timer reset pulse is included An example of an indeterminate loop is one that waits for a port condition to change The watchdog is enabled by writing a 1 to address amp E4 bit 0 and disabled by writing a 0 to the same location The timer is reset by any access read or write to I O address amp E8 The AIN command in conjunction with the SPI port access this address Thus executing either an AIN or SPI function also resets the watchdog timer if enabled The watchdog timer is part of a voltage monitor and reset chip Ul4 Jumper W1 Watchdog time
15. CS etc always reside in segment 0 and are cleared on reset A special set of variables A Z reside is segment 0 and are not cleared on reset These are floating point numbers and can be used like any other variable in Basic Variables you peek and poke to should reside in segment 1 with 128K RAM installed or segments 1 7 with 512K PEEK and POKE commands store and retrieve values from memory For example 20 POKE 12 A 1 puts the value of A into segment 1 address 12 Use the 5 2 CHAPTER 5 PEEK statement to retrieve the variable 50 B PEEK 12 1 You can store and retrieve arrays strings and variables in this way There are many variations of PEEK and POKE statements Refer to the CAMBA SIC Programming Manual for additional information and examples A list of commands appears at the end of this chapter Flash Memory Programs are stored in Flash EPROM Programs are transferred from Flash to RAM at run time or LOAD Data may also be stored in Flash Below shows the Flash memor y map Program CPU address number FFFFFH Programs Segments 2 7 10 15 9FFFFH Space for data fonts Program 1 7 Segment 9 90000H Space for Program 0 7 ala Segment 8 80000H Figure 5 3 Flash memory map A 128K or 512K Flash type EP ROM may be installed in U3 Jumper W2 configures U3 for Flash size Data may be stored above the program in Flash using the SAVE command The SAVE c
16. DISPLAY F C x1 y1 x2 y2 DISPLAY F X x1 y1 x2 y2 Clears an area Toggles an area This com mand is use ful when you want to selectively clear or fill an area graphics for example without clearing the entire screen Filling an area is useful for displaying a bar graph It is faster than drawing lines XOR is useful when you want to highlight an area The data is reversed in whatever area is selected The fill com mand takes time to exe cute especially in large areas This is important if you are running multitasking ON COM ON BIT etc Display fill operates faste st when X is on an 8 bit boundary For example filling an area bounded by 0 y 96 y is 20 faster than 1 y 97 y even though the area is the same XOR requires an extra 20 more time to execute Turning off sparkle see earlier in this chapter reduces write time by about 4 Execution time depends upon the size of the area to fill Larger areas obviously take more time than small ones GRAPHIC DISPLAY PORT LOAD AND SAVE SCREENS Two commands load and save screen graphics DISPLAY LOAD J y x2 y2 seg address DISPLAY SAVE x1 y1 x2 y2 seg address The first syntax DISPLAY LOAD transfers graphic information from RAM or Flash to the screen The second syntax DISPLAY SAVE transfers graphic from the display to RAM only address range is 80 to amp FFFF Use DISPLAY LOAD to bring up pre generated graphic icons such as buttons
17. EE DISPLAY aerae pa Gob es aie SUE e 9 CABLE PIN OUTS sess 10 COMMANDS uso woth ee tan ha en 11 TABLE OF CONTENTS POWER amp EXPANSION PORT CHAPTER 16 POWER INPUT saie u eee bwat Fa k bei suha 1 POWER OUTPUT ooooooooo o 1 Heat sinking aia A 1 EXPANSION PORTP1 2 RESOURCES CHAPTER 17 RESOURCE LISTING 1 Part distributors 1 VF displays len 1 LEDS vio Rake RA rs 1 Stepper Motor Control 1 OPTO modules creara an 1 Isolated RS 485 and communications 2 Temperature sensors and transmitters 2 TECHNICAL INFORMATION CHAPTER 18 ELECTRICAL 599 ns Gee aoe Mok ads 1 MECHANICAL eee 2 MEMORY ANDI OMAP 2 JUMPER DESCRIPTIONS 3 CONNECTOR DESCRIPTION 4 BOARD OUTLINE CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER SYNOPSIS Brief description of the RPC 2350 and RPC 2350G How this manual is organized How to get technical support Application disk DESCRIPTION The RP C 2350 is an embedded controller with a built in Basic language The RPC 2350G also includes a graphics display interface Other features include Built in CAMBASIC programming language autoruns at power up On card Flash EPROM program mer saves programs Eight single ended or 4 differential analog inputs convert voltage inputs to a digital value using a 12 bit 4096 count A D converter or 4
18. If you intend to save data to Flash make sure you do not write to a program area Programs are always saved starting at address O and continue until end of program You can save data above a program The important thing here is to remember that saving programs to Flash and saving data to Flash are related COMMANDS The following is a list of CAM BASIC commands used for saving and loading programs Command Function LOAD for editing or running LOAD n Transfers program of specified area of U3 to RAM LOAD data SAVE ee n SAVE data Multi part syntax command that moves data from Flash to RAM or RAM to RAM Refer to Chapter 5 or the CAMBASIC manual for more information Saves a program from RAM to U3 for Autorun Save a program from RAM toa program area of Flash Transfers program from U3 to RAM Multi part syntax command that saves data from RAM to Flash Refer to Chapter 5 or the CAMBASIC manual for more inform ation CHAPTER 4 CHAPTER SYNOPSIS Overview of RPC 2350 serial capabilities Using RS 422 485 Networking with RS 485 Preventing program stops breaks SPI port information DESCRIPTION The RPC 2350 has two serial ports that can be used for interfacing to a printer terminal or other serial devices A SPI port is also provided This chapter describes their characteristics and how to use them Frequent references are made to commands listed in the CAMBA SI
19. PROGRAM 2 RS 485 Transmitter turn off 3 Windows mode les 2 Two wire RS 485 000 3 FIRST TIME OPERATION 2 Network response time considerations 3 UPLOADING AND DOWNLOADING Multi drop Network 4 PROGRAMS tias NG 4 ACCESSING SERIAL BUFFERS 4 Uploading Windows 4 DISABLING PROGRAM BREAK 5 Uploading SmartLink 4 SPILPORD A oe eed 5 Downloading Windows 4 SPI Port connector type information 6 Downloading programs SmartLink 4 SERIAL PORT FILE NUMBERS 6 Other communications software 4 COMMANDS cy pu Kalamangan buen Ree as 6 DEVELOPING PROGRAMS IN WINDOWS 5 SERIAL CABLE PIN OUT 7 EDITING PROGRAMS AND HINTS 5 Writing with line numbers 6 DATA MEMORY CHAPTER 5 Writing without linenumbers 6 BATTERY BACKUP 1 PROGRAMMING TIPS 7 Alternate battery 1 Finding variables keywords and labels 7 STORING VARIABLES IN RAM 1 Faster shorter IF THEN s 7 CAM BASIC memory map 1 Use parenthesis or brackets 7 Flash Memory o ooo ooo ooo 2 WHERE TO GO FROM HERE 8 Saving and Initializing Arrays and data 3 TROUBLESHOOTING 8 Mapping your stored data 3 Considerations for sav
20. RPC 2350 Pin No Function 1 2 3 5 6 9 Ground 399 Uo Current loop 0 output Current loop 0 voltage power input 7 30V input from P2 Current loop 1 voltage power input Current loop 1 output Jumper W12 for 0 10V output for each channel you will use as current output See table in Analog Output above for jumper instructions IC Installation Current output IC s are installed in U30 and U31 See Figure 8 5 for location The notch in the IC designates the top Pin 1 is the upper left of the chip Orient the board as shown in Figure 8 5 and install the chips in U30 for channel 0 and or U31 for channel 1 keeping pin 1 to the upper left CHAPTER 8 ae Mit Meni Current loop loop output 1 loop output O connector Figure 8 5 Current loop IC s amp connector Current loop power The current output IC s require at least 12V DC to operate T he internal 12V supply may be used It is available at J12 1 Connect J12 1 to J12 4 and or 8 to use the internal supply When runs are long using small gauge wire you may need to use an external 18V to 30V DC supply to power the current loop If this supply is also used to power the board you can optionally connect current loop input power pins CLP0 and or CLP1 J12 4 and 712 8 to J12 6 This pin also goes to P2 4 ANALOG POWER SUPPLY The RPC 2350 generates its own power for RS 232 LCD display and analog I O Unregulated voltages are available
21. SED1335 technical manual File M 133XF PDF This is a complicated chip and capable of many operating modes We do not support programming this chip except as explained in this manual Changing cursor size or form Default cursor type is a block type This can be changed to an underline or smaller size Execute the following code to change the cursor width height and form OUT amp F9 amp 5D OUT amp F8 width OUT amp F8 height OR form width is in the range of 0 to 6 0 gives a 1 pixel width form determines if it is an underline or block Logically OR amp 80 to height for a block cursor height is in the range of Oto 6 0 gives a 1 pixel height Screen flashing and screen ON OFF CAM BASIC sets the cursor flash rate at 1 second It can flash faster but itis notas visible on the LCD display You can also flash the character and graphics screens DISPLAY ON and DISPLAY OFF controlthe entire display or graphics and character screens individually Since cursor and screen flashing are controlled by the same byte you will have to control them as described below if you want to flash screens The parameter byte is made up of several components Refer to the SED1335 PDF file section 3 3 1 for detailed information The following are parameter information you may need to know The section number and name are given first followed by an explanation 3 3 1 1 D This is bit 0 of the command Writing a amp 58 to address amp
22. XOFF The so called XON XOFF protocolis a software scheme to enable and disable transmitting Sending an XOFF 4 2 CHAPTER 4 character ASCII value 13H or lt Ctrl S gt to the RPC 2350 will stop transmission until an XON ASCII value 11H or lt Ctrl Q gt is received This does not over ride the RTS input line when RTS is low RS 232 The most common communication interface is RS 232 Quite simply RS 232 defines only 0 and 1 voltage levels and transient speeds It does not define baud rate start and stop bit length parity or the protocol RS 232 is available at JI COMI and J4 COM 2 Usually when people speak of RS 232 they mean something that is compatible with a PC However you must make sure the baud rate parity and stop bits are proper for your device These are set in the CONFIG BAUD command RS 232 is used in point to point communication That is one device talks to one other device Schemes have been devised to network RS 232 The maximum baud rate RS 232 supports depends upon the distance and cable characteristics As a rule of thumb 9600 baud will work reliably to 50 feet RS 422 RS 422 is used for long distance 1000 meters It is similar to RS 232 in that it is point to point and the communication protocol is the comm unication same The RS 485 port is used for RS 422 communication The transmitter is always on If for some reason you want to shut the transmitter off execut
23. also apply to the RPC 2350G The primary differences between the two boards are power input and graphics display capability OVERVIEW Information appearing on your screen is shown in a different type Example CAMBASIC tm V1 4 O 1985 94 Octagon Systems Corporation O 1999 Remote Processing Corporation All rights reserved free 32434 Symbols and Terminology NOTE Text under this heading is helpful information Itisintended to actas areminder ofsome interaction with another part of the manual or device that may not be obvious WARNING Information under this heading warns you of situations that might cause catastrophic or irreversible damage Wn Denotes jumper block pins lt xxx gt Paired angle brackets are used to indicate a specific key on your keyboard For exam ple lt esc gt means the escape key BASIC uses decimal convention for designating addresses and data There are times however when hexadecimal notation is more convenient to use Host Power Supply 1 2 CHAPTER 1 The hexadecimal notation used in this manual and by CAM BASIC is the ampersand character amp before the number A amp 8C stands for 8C hexadecimal DEMONSTRATION DISK A disk with many sample programs is included with this manual This manual references programs on the disk You may use the code on these disks in your own CAMBASIC program These programs are for demonstration purposes only and there is a good
24. at J7 pins 18 12V and 20 12V 12V output can supply about 45 mA of current total Subtract 20 mA for each 4 20 mA output 12V output can supply about 15 mA The D A s use some current 1 mA 8 7 ANALOG I O COMMANDS The following is a list of CAMBASIC commands for analog input and output Command Function CONFIG AIN Configures analog input for voltage range and mode Returns result of reading for a channel Sends value to D A converter Use the table below to allocate input channels for your application Analog input channel Description use CHAPTER 9 CHAPTER SYNOPSIS Operating information Multiple use note DESCRIPTION 16 position keypads are plugged into keypad port J5 Keys are arranged in a 4 x 4 to 6 x 4 matrix format A key is recognized when a row and a column connect Up to 24 keys can be scanned CAMBASIC scans and debounces the keypad every debounce time Debounce time is fixed at 40 ms A key is debounced when it is down for two scans 80 ms Keypad presses may be returned either as a number from 1 to 16 1 24 in 24 position scan mode or as an ASCII character The ASCII character returned corresponds to those on Remote Processing s KP 1 keypad Character assignments are changed using the SYS 8 function Keypads from Remote Processing simply plug into J5 Keypad cable length should be limited to 5 feet If the keypad port is not used it may be u
25. at the factory to operate the system immediately For first time operation do not install any connectors or parts unless specified below Jumpers should be kept in default positions 1 The RPC 2350 requires 5 40 25 VDC at 300 mA The RPC 2350G can use 5V or 6 5 to 30 VDC at 150 to 320 m A Current draw depends upon supply voltage More voltage less current Make sure power is off Connect the power supply to the appropriately marked terminals on the RPC 2350 or RPC 2350G 5V isconnected to P2 5V Make sure jumper W8 is not installed 7 to 30 VDC isconnected to P2 7 30V RPC 2350G only Make sure jumper W 8 is installed SETUP AND OPERATION POWER I O SWPWR y 5V ELPWR 7 30V GND 5V in or out EL display power 7 30V power input Power ground OVO PZ Figure 2 2 Power connector detail Ground is connected to GND 5V can be power input or output When W 8 is installed on the RPC 2350G it is power output When WS is not installed it is power input See Chapter 16 for more information SWP WR is a high current switch to ground See Chapter 6 High current output at P2 for more information 2 Connect one end of the VTC 9 connector to the 10 pin COM 1 programm ing port on the RPC 2350 Refer to Figure 2 1 for connector location Connect the VTC 9 serial cable to the PC s COMI or COM2 port 2 4 CHAPTER 2 o gt E q Es SET OC 1 NEN qm
26. available from D igi key Isolated RS 485 and communications B amp B Electronics in Illinois Ph 815 433 5100 Makes several communication and isolation products RS 232 to RS 485 converters B amp B Electronics in Illinois Ph 815 433 5100 Makes several converter products Octagon Systems C olorado Ph 303 430 1500 The MTB 485 takes RS 232 from your PC and outputs RS 485 Very easy to use Have used this product on our boards We support the MTB 485 with our boards Temperature sensors and transmitters Minco Minnesota Ph 612 571 3121 Assortment of RTD s thermocouples and transmitters 17 2 CHAPTER 17 ELECTRICAL CPU Z8S180 18 432 MHZ clock Memory CAMBASIC 32K ROM U1 Mapped per below Programming and data is 128K RAM U2 to 512K by installing part number 1039 Expandable Programs are stored in 128K Flash type EPROM U3 Expandable to 512K by installing part number 1301 Digital I O The RPC 2350 has 48 digital I O lines from 82C55 IC The J3 has 8 high current outputs 24 are from J2 which is a general purpose port other 24 are from J3 which may be jumpered for inputs Keypad port J5 uses 8 of the 24 lines LCD display port J6 uses another 8 The specifications below are for all digital I O except for the eight high current lines at J3 Drive current 2 5 mA maximum per line sink or source TTL compatible 0 45V max at 2 5 mA IV max at 15 mA for opto rack Output low voltage
27. bytes screen This becomes the address Making and saving custom graphics A program inthe applications disk BMP GPH EXE translates a BMP file into a hex file readable by the RPC 2350 BMP GP H converts a black and white single layer no transparent background color BMP file generated by any number of PC graphics programs Width and height attributes of the BMP graphic are in pixels Limits are 320 pixels for width and 240 pixels for height Some BMP graphics are provided for your use These are in the GRAPHICS director y of the application disk Graphics are transferred to the RPC 2350 using the HEXLOAD BAS program located in the FONT directory Every download saves the graphic to the same location in RAM segment 1 starting address 0 You must move the graphic to a predetermined location either in Flash or RAM Use the table at the end of this section to help map your CHAPTER 15 graphics When saving to Flash you must round UP the amount stored to the next Flash sector size A 128K flash sector size is 128 A 512K flash sector size is 256 If you are unsure what you will use in the future use the 256 byte sector size The following example shows how to determine the number of bytes to store to a sector into Flash Assume you have calculated your graphic memory requirement For this example we will use 3094 from the previous example Divide this number by 256 3094 256 12 085 Rounding up 12 085 gives us
28. display a blinking cursor in the upper left corner You should see a white light coming from the back light lamp on the right side The back light requires some warm up time about a minute in order for the display to be readable Adjust contrast pot R30 for optimal view ing contrast EL Display The EL display connects to J13 one using a 2 mm ribbon cable Connection is one to External 12V power must be applied to P2 terminal marked ELPWR You can connect this same 12V power to the This is necessary for display power 7 30V terminal to power the board if desired When you power up the board the graphics controller is initialized to display a blinking cursor in the upper left corner Verify operation both display types Chances are if you have the blinking cursor the display is going to work A quick way to verify operation is to type the following line in the immediate mode DISPLAY Hello world The message should be displayed on the top line The cursor should be blinking on the next line down You can execute any of the display commands in the immediate mode as well while running For example if you want to draw a lighted box execute DISPLAY F 100 100 120 120 A list of graphics programs is shown at the end of this chapter Download them to see how they display and are program med DISPLAY LAYERS There are two display layers graphics and character Each layer is OR ed
29. following program 10 FOR N 0 TO 2 20 PRINT Hello 30 NEXT 40 PRINT If this program is not already in type it in now or if you prefer use your own program You can save your program to any one of two locations 0 or 1 run at power up Syntaxes to save a program are Programs saved to location 0 will automatically SAVE SAVE program SAVING AND LINKING PROGRAMS Where program is 0 or 1 for 128K Flash or 0 to 7 for 512K Flash installed SA VE and SAVE 0 are the same program location 0 Both save to Type in the following command for this example SAVE CAMBASIC will compile the program program the EPROM and verify its contents Compile Write Verify The time it takes to do all of this depends upon the length and complexity of the program Generally it will be from 1 to 20 seconds The ready prompt gt will appear when the program has been successfully saved to the EPROM Ifthe program does not write to the EPROM an error message will appear Fail xxxx Saving a program overwrites the previous one There is no way to recover it since both occupy the same space AUTORUNNING The program stored using SAVE or SAVE 0 will autorun To autorun a program 1 Make sure there is a program in EPROM from above stored by using SAVE or SAVE 0 2 Make sure the autorun jumper W11 is installed If you push the reset button the program should run If there are any errors
30. or J10 10 through buffer operates as up and down count input and a quadrature input The B input J10 8 can act as a down count input direction control for input A or a quadrature input Another input is LCTR J10 6 It can load the counter or output latch The ICR register controls the function of this line If using it to control the output latch you must read each register individually and not transfer the counter to the output latch as is done by COUN T 8 See CNTRS BAS The ABGT input J10 4 enables disables A B inputs or resets the counter The ICR regsiter controls the function of this line Normally it does not have to be accessed The two outputs CY and BW are counter carry and borrow signals They are use to generate an interrupt INT1 when the counter goes either through 0 or a preset These outputs are controlled by the OCCR register Status is read at the OSR register Interrupt selection Jumper W7 can be used to interrupt the CPU on a counter carry borrow or external interrupt Jumper W7 1 2 to interrupt on a carry counter overflows Set jumper W7 2 3 to interrupt on a borrow counter underflow Leave W7 open if using an external interrupt INT1 goes to J10 2 for external interrupts See Figure 14 2 for W7 jumper pin out MULTI MODE COUNTER E W9 NG W7 3 Figure 14 2 W7 and W9 jumper detail HIGH VOLTAGE INPUT Connector J10 pin 10 can accept a 15V signal As shipped from th
31. port Alternative LCD s IEE displays California Ph 818 787 0311 www ieeinc com Makes large size 0 75 and extended temperature range to 20 C displays Some available from Allied Electronics Apollo Displays in New York supplies a wide range of Optrex displays PH 516 654 1143 www apollodisplays com PWM motor drivers Solutions Cubed in California makes the M otor Mind B It features a serial interface to adjust DC motor speed and direction Current draw is 2A continuous 30V maximum Ph 530 891 8045 Fax 530 891 1643 www solutions cubed com Stepper Motor Control and Driver There are a number of motor controller suppliers Below are ones available through distribution Modern Technology provides one through Digi key Digi key part number MTSD V1 ND Gallial makes an extensive line of motor controllers Contact factory at 650 967 1700 CyberP ack Co Makes stepper motor driver 630 493 0954 www cyberpakco com Haydon Switch amp Instrument Inc Stepper motors and drivers 203 756 7441 www hsi inc com OPTO modules The MPS XX series boards accept OPTO 22 G4 series or Grayhill G5 modules Please keep in mind our boards are designed to plug straight into the RPC 2350 board with a simple ribbon cable Both Opto 22 and Grayhill supply boards to plug their modules into but they will not easily work with ours RESOURCES Opto 22 G4 modules are available from Allied Electronics Grayhill G5 modules are
32. probability you will modify them to suit your needs i e safety checks TECHNICAL SUPPORT If you have a question about the RPC 2350 or CAM BASIC used on it and cannot find it in this manual call us and ask for technical support When you call please have your RPC 2350 and CAMBASIC manuals ready Sometimes knowing what the RPC 2350 is used for is helpful so please be ready to describe its application and the problem Phone 303 690 1588 FAX 303 690 1875 E mail info rp3 com CHAPTER 2 CHAPTER SYNOPSIS Running the RPC 2350 for the first time How to run under DOS and Windows environments Uploading and downloading programs Handy programming techniques Developing in Windows Troubleshooting if it does not work right away INTRODUCTION The RPC 2350 and RPC 2350G are very similar The major difference is the RPC 2350G has graphics control software and hardware The memory maps between the two boards are different This manual will refer to the RP C 2350 Unless otherwise expressed the same information applies to the RPC 2350G The RP C 2350 is ready to program when you connect it to a terminal or PC and apply power This chapter describes what is needed to get a sign on message and begin programm ing 2 1 SETUP AND OPERATION SETUP AND OPERATION Requirements for uploading and downloading programs are discussed A Where to go from here section directs you to the chapters to read to use the var
33. routine can be useful when an external device triggers the LCTR line J10 6 to transfer the count to a latch The count at that time can be read MEASURING PULSE WIDTH You can measure pulse widths with 217 nano Second precision Widths can be as long as 3 64 Seconds using the counter input at J10 There are limitations to measuring pulse widths Below lists the major ones The pulse repetition rate must be slower than the time it takes CAMBASIC to respond to it As a guide the pulse repetition rate should be less than 100 Hz Measuring a 50 micro second signal every second is easy Measuring a 500 micro second signal every milli second is difficult if not impossible Only logic low pulses are measured If a high pulse width is desired invert the input signal See figure below MULTI MODE COUNTER Pulse measurement window PT Signal levels are all TTL logic 0 to 5V The following signals at J10 are used to measure pulse widths J10 pin Description E Counter gate Measures when low 4 608 MHZ clock output Tie to J10 9 9 Clock input Tie to J10 7 The LS7166 ICR register is programmed so input A J10 9 is up count input and GATE input J10 9 acts to enable inputs A B when low If desired LOAD input J10 6 can be used to reset the counter If this is desired make sure the OL register is programmed for 0 See the demonstration program CNTR6 BAS for a working example Basic operation
34. sure to remove the existing battery Note the polarity marked on the board STORING VARIABLES IN RAM The term variables in this context includes numbers strings arrays recipes and formulas as applied to your application CAMBASIC provides 26 protected variables A Z that are not erased on power up These are accessed like other BASIC variables The Flash EPROM may be used to store variables or constants such as text strings to help reduce the size of the main program CAMBASIC memory map The following diagram is a memory map for the RPC 2350 DATA MEMORY FFFFFH Flash EPROM 128K Flash UFFFFH limit TFFFFH Y our data storage 177 128K RAM 1FFFFH uL 10000H CAMBASIC s RAM D7EDOH CAMBASIC en 00000H Figure 5 2 2350 system memory map Programs and CAMBASIC variables reside in segment 0 between address 00000H and OFFFFH Your variables as defined above are stored from 10000H to 1FFFFH with 128K RAM which is called segment 1 address 0000H to FFFFH When 512K RAM is installed the useful range is from 10000H to 7FFFFH A segment has an address range from 0000 to FFFFH or amp 0000 to amp F FFF using CAMBASIC notation in decimal terms this is 0 to 65535 NOTE Do not use the CAMBASIC SOUND statement when the board has 512K of RAM or Flash memory Sound output is multiplexed with an address line Program and basic variables A B 15
35. type of CONFIG DISPLAY display and initializes it DISPLAY Core command to write to display for printing and positioning CONFIG PIO Initializes digital port CHAPTER 11 CHAPTER SYNOPSIS Uses and limitations of sound timer output Connecting to a speaker DESCRIPTION Sound may be used to drive a speaker or generate square wave pulses Sound timer and output line is used for other purposes Do NOT use SOUND when using any of the following RS 485 communication 512K RAM memory installed 512K Flash memory RS 485 uses the same timer as sound CPU address line A18 is used to address RAM and Flash or provide the pulse output for SOUND SOUND Syntax is SOUND frequency frequency is from about 15 Hz to over 20 000 Hz Output is available only during run time It is shut off in the immediate mode i e Entering code Frequency accuracy is dependent upon the CPU crystal of 18 432 MHZ The factor that determines frequency accuracy and resolution is the basic timer frequency of 921 6 kHz The timer isa 16 bit meaning that there are 65 536 possible frequencies within the 921 6 KHz window What this means is that while you might request a frequency say 10 000 Hz you will get something else This is especially true at higher frequencies Sound output is available from J10 3 This output can go to a speaker or the counter at J10 SOUND TIMER OUTPUT Figure 11 1 Sound pulse output connector
36. you were to plot out the deviations from a norm it would roughly resemble a bell shaped curve Experiments on the RPC 2350 have shown that over 99 of the readings are within the 3 count reading Noise readings were made with all inputs shorted to ground and with no cable connected to J7 CALIBRATION The A D converter is calibrated using an external voltmeter For 12 bit accuracy you must use a voltmeter with an accuracy of 0 02 or better To calibrate the RPC 2350 1 Connect the digital voltmeter ground to U10 pin 14 Alternate ground pins are J7 2 4 6 8 10 12 or 14 2 Connect the digital voltmeter lead to U9 pin 6 3 Adjusttrim pot R19 for 5 000VDC You may increase the reference voltage to a higher value up to 5 12V This will allow you to detect if an input device is at or above its 5V output range CHAPTER 8 Calibration Figure 8 2 Calibration ANALOG OUTPUT Two optional analog output channels are indep endently configured for three voltage ranges These ranges are jumpered in hardware Refer to the following table for Jumper settings See Figure 8 4 for W12 detail Range J7 17 J7 19 Volts AOT 0 AOT 1 0to 5 W12 2 4 W12 1 3 0to 10 WI2 8 10 W12 7 9 W12 6 8 W12 5 7 Channel 0 output is J7 pin 17 and channel 1 is J7 pin 19 Analog output 1 may optionally be used for software contrast adjustment for the LCD graphics display When it is used for
37. your production needs Some examples include latching connectors installing a specific combination of memory soldering IC s directly to the board where practical and removing components for cost reductions You must purchase at least 25 boards and allow for extra lead time We can provide you with a firm quote ahead of time MANUAL ORGANIZATION This manual pro vides all the information required to install configure and use the features on the RPC 2350 The manual is organized by function The first section deals with getting the board operational Other sections address on board I O and capabilities This manual makes references to the RPC 2350 The RPC 2350 and RPC 2350G are very similar Unless otherwise noted everything that applies to the RPC 2350 also applies to the RPC 2350G This manual assumes you are familiar with some type of BASIC programming software The syntax used by CAMBASIC is similar to Microsoft s GW or QuickBASIC software you may want to refer to books and training If you are not experienced with BASIC programs available through your local software store The CAMBA SIC Programming Manual has information and examples for all commands NOTE The RPC 2350 uses a Zilog Z8S180 processor Additional information can be obtained from Zilog at www zilog com or your local representative MANUAL CONVENTIONS The RPC 2350 and RPC 2350G are very similar Unless otherwise noted references to the RP C 2350
38. 0 ms minimum when enabled Push button reset included Input power 5VDC 5 at 375 ma 12V at250 mA RPC 2350G Current draw for 7 30V input depends upon applied voltage 7V supply draws more current about 420 mA than 12V about 200 ma Current consumption does not include any opto modules or other accessories Output power 5V at P2 750 mA with 7 to 30V inputat 7 30V terminal on P2 W8 jumpered Up to 40 mA 12 20 mA 12V Note Subtract any current used by analog outputs 12V at J7 TECHNICAL INFORMATION Environmental Temperature range 20 C to 70 C Temperature can go slightly higher if air flows across board Humidity 0 to 95 non condensing For increased battery life some humidity should be present Vibration 5 g s maximum 5Hz to 500 Hz each axis MECHANICAL Size 5 0 x 8 0 Maximum height 0 6 with ribbon cable installed no strain relief See drawing at end of this chapter Mounting holes 4 each corner Hole size is 0 175 dia MEMORY AND I O MAP Memory maps are with respect to the CPU not CAMBASIC Memory Description Address CAMBASIC amp 00000 amp 06FFF RPC 2350G Ul amp 00000 amp 05FFF RPC 2350 RAM U2 amp 07000 amp IFFFF RPC2350G amp 06000 amp IFFFF RPC 2350 amp 7FFFF all w 512K Flash U3 amp 80000 amp 9FFFF all w 128K amp 80000 amp FFFFF all w 512K 1 0 Description Address J2 D
39. 0 ohm resistor in series with a 0 1 mfd capacitor across its T and T terminals The terminator on the RPC 2350 includes pull up and pull down resistors to prevent lines from floating and generating erroneous characters Two and four wire RS 485 The RS 485 port on the RPC 2350 is set up for 2 or 4 wire mode through jumper W6 This jumper either always enables receive W6 2 3 or enables it only when the transmitter is off W6 1 2 W6 1 2 W6 2 3 Receive off while transmitting 2 wire Receive always on 4 wire mode RS 485 Transmitter turn off The RS 485 transmitter is automatically turned on and off by CAM BASIC operating system You must specify 4 3 SERIAL PORTS RS 485 mode in the CONFIG BAUD 2 command During two wire mode and W6 1 2 is set the receiver is turned off when the transmitter is turned on This keeps the RPC 2350 from receiving what was just sent out NOTE Do not operate RS 485 at 150 baud Automatic turn off is not adequate Contact RPC for suggestions 110 W6 m WA Figure 4 3 Jumper W4 amp W 6 detail Two wire RS 485 Mechanically to make a 2 wire system simply connect T to R and T to R Make sure CON FIG BAUD is set up for RS 485 mode Set jumper W6 1 2 This prevents data transmitted from getting received Network response time considerations When the last character is sent out an internal timer is activat
40. 1 The expansion port brings out address data and control lines for an external board This external board can consist of counters timers digital I O and analog I O 6 address and 8 data read write select and other power and control lines are provided Expansion port I O address range is amp 100 amp 13F This equals 64 addresses Timing is simple based on Z80 I O signals Access times for external devices should be 200 nS or faster Data is read on the rising edge of IRD See timing diagram below 250 nSec e PS RD WR Figure 16 2 I O timing All logic levels are TTL High speed CMOS IC s should be used when inter facing to this bus Connection between P1 and your board is via a simple 26 pin ribbon cable Limit cable length to 3 inches A an gt rg les Aa pd N m ES yo e 5 na o 5 Yo o a ms e o 5S 3 e e a yo 5 o E n n a a 2 e a o z P1 pin Description NI POE Data 1 Data 2 NMI Data 3 5V power Data 4 10 Reset active low 11 Data 5 12 Ground 13 Data 6 14 Ground 15 Data 7 16 Address 4 17 Address 0 18 5V power 19 Address 1 20 Address 5 21 Address 2 22 Push button reset low 23 Address 3 24 nc 25 I O read active low i 26 I O write active low 16 3 POWER amp EXPANSION PORT CHAPTER 17 CHAPTER SYNOPSIS List sources of accessory com ponents The RPC 2350 can be used
41. 1 5 1 amp 1000 35 2000 SAVE 1 42 1 amp 1025 35 CHAPTER 5 Data saved at line 1000 is overwritten by the data in line 2000 even though different write addresses were specified This brings us to the second reason sector size is impor tant several things happen CAMBASIC forces the requested Flash address down to an even sector address In both cases above data is written to the Flash starting at address 0 not at 5 or 42 The easiest way to make an even sector address is to AND the Flash address with amp FF80 as is done in ARRAY 2 BAS program example when using a 128K flash or amp FF00 with a 512K Another consideration is the number of times Flash can be written to Atmel specifies anywhere from 1000 to Compared to RAM this is quite limiting Flash should be used to store default cons tants or data that changes only occasionally 10 000 or more writes Writing takes about 90 ms 1000 bytes During SAVE time interrupts ON COM ON KEYPAD ON BIT etc are recognized but not serviced If these commands must be serviced quicker write data in smaller blocks Using LOAD to transfer data The LOAD command can be used to transfer data from Flash to RAM or RAM to RAM Use SAVE to transfer from RAM to Flash LOAD transfers up to 64K blocks of memory at a time Use it to transfer an entire data structure containing recipes formulas constants etc The sample program ARRAY3 BAS shows how to move data from e
42. 13 This is the number of sectors needed for saving to flash The num ber of bytes is determined by multiplying this number by sector size 13 256 3328 This graphic will use 3328 bytes of flash memory If you are saving multiple graphics of the same size you can use this number as an offset for each graphic or picture in the SAVE command SAVE s 3328 PIC 1 0 3328 For the above example s is the segment number 8 or 9 or 8 to 15 depending on memory size PIC is the picture number Since each segment 65 536 you can hold 19 pictures in 1 segment Where you save graphics depends upon several factors one of them being how you intend to use graphics The second factor is the size of the graphics You will have to make a memory map of what you want to save to RAM and FLASH Start by determining what you want to save If you want to data log set aside some memory for that If you need to store a second program allow for that Don t forget that graphic fonts are stored in segment 9 address ACOO Ifyou are using the supplied fonts you should not save data there Medium sized fonts are stored in segment 9 from address S ACOO amp B7FF Large fonts are stored from amp B800 15 7 GRAPHIC DISPLAY PORT to amp FF FF can write in the unused area If you use one font but not the other you ADDITIONAL SCREEN CONTROLS The display is capable of other display modes Some are listed here others are in the
43. 13 and Ifitis below 4 65 volts the RPC 2350 will be reset Power is 5 0 25 volts If it dips intermittently to 4 65 volts due to switching noise or ripple the card will reset for about 100 ms If the noise is frequent enough the card will be in permanent reset Check U14 pin 6 If it is low about 0 volts then it is in reset This line should be high about 5 volts If you are using a 6 15V supply make sure it does not dip below 6V even intermittently Use a scope to make sure it does not A voltmeter may not be good enough The same can be said for the 5V supply Make sure it does not dip below 4 8V using an oscilloscope 2 Check the COMI port COMI is also known as console port Jl Remove the connector from COM 1 Refer to the outline dra wing earlier in this chapter Connect an oscilloscope preferred or a voltmeter to pin 3 Txd and ground Pin 3 should be 6 volts or more negative Pin 1 is designated by the symbol on the connector Pin 3 is next to it nearer the key opening If you have 6 volts or more press the reset switch If you have a scope attached you should see a burst of activity If you have a volt meter you should see a change in voltage Using a Fluke 8060A setto measure AC you should see a momentary reading above 2 volts Press reset several times to make sure it captures it 3 Install the cable and make sure the voltages and output activity are still there Output is from pin 3 on
44. 20 mA outputs also available Two 12 bit analog The 16 position keypad is automatically scanned and is read using the KEYPAD command Keypad port for an operator interface e Two RS 232 serial ports are programmable for baud rate parity length and stop bits Both inputs and outputs have a 256 byte buffer A watchdog timer resets the card if the program crashes The timer is enabled and disabled by software 48 general purpose digital I O lines 8 of which are high current outputs These lines can connect to another opto rack 128K of battery backed RAM is standard A 512K RAM optionally available Built in EPROM programmer save programs for autorun on power up or reset The RP C 2350 uses a Z8S180 CPU operating double clocked at 18 MHZ Double clocked operation makes it twice as fast as its equivalent 64180 CPU The board Its 5 0 x 8 0 size makes it easy to mount in a NEMA box operates stand alone or on an RS 485 network CAMBASIC programming language is standard This language is similar to Microsoft GW Basic All hardware 1 1 OVERVIEW is supported by Basic commands A complete description of CAMBASIC commands is in the CAMBASIC Programming Guide Program development can take place on your PC using your word processor or on the RPC 2350 Programs from your PC can be downloaded using PC SmartLink or other serial communication program Customization We can customize the RPC 2350 for
45. 4 1 Serial port connector location statement it will accept ASCII character values from 0 to 127 When used with the INKEY and COM functions it returns ASCII values from 0 to 255 No control lines like CTS or RTS are available on COM 1 A pull up resistor is on the CTS output should a communication program or device require a positive indication the port is alive COM2 SERIAL PORT COM 2 is an RS 232 RS 422 or RS 485 port It also uses a VTC 9F serial cable to connectto PC s and other serial devices CO M2 is identical to COMI except that it has 2 hardware handshaking lines CTS and RTS NOTE The CTS output line is low on power up or reset This is to prevent the RS 485 transmitter from turning on and adversely affecting network communication RS 232 communication may be affected by holding off the sender from sending data You must enable the CTS output as described below under Communication flow control Jumper W4 determines if COM receive is RS 232 or RS 422 485 W4 1 2 W4 2 3 RS 422 485 RS 232 Use CONFIG BAUD to tell the system the type and characteristics of this port Default is RS 232 19 200 baud 8 data 1 stop bit SERIAL PORTS Communication flow control There are two methods to control transmission Hardware and software Both are discussed below When RTS line in goes low the RPC 2350 is held off from transmitting out COM2 The status of this port is read by the BIT statement The exam
46. C Programming Manual Please refer to this manual for more information Serial ports are numbered COM 1 and COM2 COM I is used for program development It is RS 232 only During run time it can be used for other functions such as writing to a printer or serial display COM2 isa general purpose serial port Its outputs can be RS 232 RS 422 or RS 485 level compatible Both ports support XO N XOFF protocol to control data transmission Each port has a 256 character interrupt driven input and output buffer This allows characters to be sent out using PRINT without slowing down program execution However if the PRINT buffer fills program execution is suspended until the buffer em pties Both ports have a 256 character input buffer When more than 256 characters have been received extra ones are ignored The baud rate parity data length stop bits and com porttype are changed using the CONFIG BAUD command COMI SERIAL PORT COM I is J1 and is called the Console port on the card This port uses a VTC 9F serial cable to connect to a PC and other external serial devices The cable is wired one to one with pin 1 on the 10 pin connector lining up to pin 1 on the DB 9 The connector plugs directly into a 9 pin serial port connector on a PC This port is normally used for program ming During run time it may be used as a general purpose serial port When used for programming or with the INPUT 4 1 SERIAL PORTS Figure
47. DS The following commands are used with the graphics display CLEAR DISPLAY CLEAR DISPLAY C CLEAR DISPLAY G CLEAR DISPLAY LINE CLEAR DISPLAY LINE x1 y1 x2 y2 CLEAR DISPLAY P x y CONFIG DISPLAY DISPLAY text DISPLAY row col Graphics memory map table Command Description Clear graphics and character displays Clear character screen only Clear graphics screen only Clear small text line at current cursor row Clear graphics line from x1 y1 to x2 y2 Clear graphics point Configure display and cursor type Print and optionally format text and numbers Position cursor for writing small characters Description Size Start End address address Sample 3100 1 0 1 amp c0D00 L ol 1 1 15 11 GRAPHIC DISPLAY PORT GRAPHIC DISPLAY PORT Command Description DISPLAY F x1 y1 x2 y2 DISPLAY F C x1 y1 32 y2 DISPLAY F X x1 y1 x2 y2 DISPLAY ON type DISPLAY OFF type DISPLA Y P x y DISPLAY LINE DISPLA Y M x y text DISPLA Y M R x y text DISPLA Y L x y text DISPLA Y L R x y text Fill area bounded by x1 y1 to x2 y2 Clear area bounded by x1 y1 to x2 y2 XOR area bounded by x1 y1 to x2 y2 Turn character graphic or both screens on Turn character graphic or both screens off Turns a graphic point on or off Draws or erases a graphic line Print medium charact
48. F9 turns off the display The following make up the parameter byte following the GRAPHIC DISPLAY PORT command The command byte value is amp 59 3 3 1 2 FC FC1 and FCO set the character cursor flash rate 3 3 1 3 FP Set the attributes of each screen FPO and FP1 are the character screen FP2 and FP3 are the graphics layer or screen FP4 and FPS are not used Setting a flash rate at 16 Hz does a poor job of a half tone effect A flash rate of 2 Hz does get attention Command example below sets the text layer to flash at a 2 Hz rate OUT amp F9 amp 59 OUT amp F8 10 This command turns on both the character and graphics layer OUT amp F9 amp 59 OUT amp F8 amp 17 This is equivalent to executing a DISPLAY ON command Since text and graphics are or ed by default you will see both These commands turn off the blinking cursor OUT amp F9 amp 59 OUT amp F8 amp 14 Screen overlay This command selects how screen are displayed There are two screens available Layer 1 is character and layer 2 is graphics Pixels on each layer can be OR ed XOR ed AND ed and Priority OR ed See Figure 44 in the SED1335 technical manual for more information By default all text and graphics are OR ed Turn screens ON and OFF The entire display graphics or small character screen display is turned off blanked by executing certain commands This is useful when you want to alternate graphics and small characte
49. HEN statements do not execute properly and formulas too break it up using parens For example IF A B C AND D C B D 8 OR 15 THEN The question the compiler asks is What are you doing here True there is an order of precedence but often times the assumptions made by the programmer vs compiler order will differ Use parens as shown below IF A B C AND D C B D 8 OR15 THEN Generally you can go 7 levels of parens without reaching the compilers limit 2 8 CHAPTER 2 WHERE TO GO FROM HERE If you want to do this Go to chapter Save a program 3 Autorun a program Know more about serial ports Use the SPI port Using RAM to save variables Storing variables in F lash Configure digital I O lines Read switch status Use high current outputs Connect an external opto rack Reading voltages Analog input Analog output Using a keypad Character display port Sound or timer output Using interrupts Using high speed counter Graphics display Using calendar clock Power input and output Expansion port AAN o he 13 14 15 16 16 Also refer to the table of contents for a listing of major functions 2 9 SETUP AND OPERATION TROUBLESHOOTING You probably turned to this section because you could not get the sign on message The following are troubleshooting hints 1 Check the power on the RP C 2350 A good place is C
50. IC It is accessible by assembly language INTERRUPT HANDLING BY CAMBASIC Interrupt generating and handling is a bit complex First the general rule is explained then the exceptions to the rules are given When INT 0 and INT 1 lines go low a CPU hardware interrupt is generated Software responds by setting a flag When the current CAMBASIC line is finished executing the line number specified in ON INT is executed as a subroutine Latency depends upon the complexity of the current CAM BASIC line being processed and when the interrupt occurred while the line was processed Typical latency is about 1 mS Software interrupts such as ON BIT ON KEY PAD and ON INP require software processing These routines scan I O lines every system tick time 0 005 seconds If a condition is met keypad press line changes status a flag is set Now here is where things get a bit complicated The above interrupt tasks are checked every 8 program line statements typically 0 005 seconds This means that response to a line change could take an additional 5 milli seconds from the time the event took place Hardware interrupts are the exception The operating system is forced to process these interrupts on the next statement What happens when interrupts occur simultaneously 13 1 INTERRUPTS There is an order of priority INT 0 INT 1 ON BIT 0 to N BIT 7 N KEYPAD N TICK 0 to N TICK 2 N COMS 1 N COMS 0 N COUNT 0 to N COUNT 7 N INP
51. NNECTING ANALOG I O Analog VO interface via J7 The STB 20 terminal board may be used to bring signals to terminal blocks The following table defines the signal pin out from analog I O port J7 Ground even pins CH1 input CH2 input CH3 input CHA input CH5 input 13 CH6 input 15 CH7 input 17 DAC 0 output 18 19 DAC 1 output also graphics contrast 20 ANALOG I O Initializing Inputs The RP C 2350 can have up to eight single ended inputs four differential or a mixture of single ended and differential inputs 0 5V single ended On a reset inputs are configured for Initialization is performed using the CONFIG AIN command The syntax is CONFIG AIN channel input range Where channel is from 0 to 7 for single ended or differential are specially paired as shown below The channels Differential inputs require 2 lines and you specify in a mixed application depends upon what lines are used for single ended and differe ntial Differential inputs operate in a special way Use the following two tables for differ ential inputs When channel odd x S t 3 3 5 CL 7 Ber 1 When channel even B 2 2 4 lala 6 an 0 For example if you wanted one differential input channel 0 would use J7 pin numbers 1 and 3 ended inputs 2 7 are available Single input specifies single ended or differential 0 differential 1 single ended 0 2 5V and 1
52. O REAL WORLD UNITS Inputs are converted to engineering units of measurement by performing scaling calculations in the program The AIN function returns values from 0 to 4095 To change these numbers into something more meaningful use the following formula var K AIN n n is the analog channel to read K is the scaling constant K is obtained by dividing the highest number in the range of units by the maximum AIN count 4095 var result is in real world units PSI pounds inches volts etc Example 1 To measure the results of an A D conversion in volts and the voltage range is 0 to 5V ANALOG I O divided 5 by 4095 to obtain K K 5 4095 K 001221 Your program could look something like 1000 C 001221 AIN N Example 2 You want to measure a 0 to 200 PSI pressure transducer with a 0 to 5V output Divide 200 by 4095 to obtain the constant K K 200 4095 K 0488 The result is in PSI when used as follows 1000 B 0488 AIN 0 Noise Notes An input channel can appear to be noisy change readings at random if unused inputs are allowed to float To minimize noise and increase accuracy connect all unused inputs to ground A high impedance input is sensitive to voltage pickup Noise is minimized by running wires away from AC power lines NOTE Avoid running the cable over inductor L1 This can increase noise when using 7 30V input A low impedance voltage source helps to reduce noise pic
53. OSUB 7000 CHAPTER 3 SAVING AND LINKING PROGRAMS 7000 IF A 0 THEN 7100 7100 EXIT CLEAR 7110 LOAD 1 RUN The above example shows how to link to another If you do not use EXIT CLEAR you will eventually end up with an lt Out of memory gt error program within a subroutine Declare variables All variables dimensioned arrays and string variables should be declared in the first program These variables are accessible to both programs Program Re entry There is a good chance you will have declared a dimensioned array or made room for strings in the If you do a CLEAR again all variables will be cleared autorun program What you must do when you enter a program is to test for a re entry flag at the start If it is O then the program knows to go and do variable initialization If it is not O then it skips around it For example 10 IF FLAG lt gt 0 THEN 100 20 CLEAR 500 Clear space 30 DIM WEIGHT 100 40 DIM BS 20 More initialization code 100 110 120 130 FLAG 1 Signal initialized ON ERR GOTO 10000 CONFIG COM 2 0 8 0 1 ON COM 2 GOSUB 2000 The code will not skip around the multitasking statements when it is first Autorun This is because by default all Basic variables are reset to 0 When you link programs variables remain intact 3 4 SAVING PROGRAMS VS SAVING DATA A program number and Flash segment are related by the following formula Flash segment program number 8
54. P C 2350 and RPC 2350G Programm ing for a display Multiple use note DESCRIPTION A display in conjunction with a keypad can give an operator feedback on operation status and some level of control over the process There are two display ports on the RPC 2350G J6 is for LCD character displays and J9 or J13 are for graphics displays The RPC 2350 has only J6 used for LCD and VF character displays This chapter discusses J6 See Chapter 15 for graphics display port The LCD character and graphic ports operate independently ofeach other The LCD character port uses port A from an 82C55 PIO chip These lines at J6 are shared with some on J3 also The graphics port has its own driver and memory CAMBASIC commands are provided to position and write characters to each display Additional commands are provided to draw lines turn pixels on and off and print large characters on the graphics display adjust Figure 10 1 LCD character connector and contrast adjust LCD CHARACTER PORT J6 You can use Liquid Crystal Displays LCD or vacuum fluorescent displays at J6 Display sizes range from 1 line by 8 characters to 4 lines by 40 characters The pin out at J6 is designed to plug directly into Remote Processing LCD 4 x 40 and LCD 4 x 20 displays 10 1 DISPLAY PORT Simply plug these displays into J6 A contrast adjustment pot R13 controls the viewing angle This pot is adjusted after J6 is properly configured
55. RPC 2350 USER S MANUAL Copyright 2001 Remote Processing Corporation All rights reserved However any part of this document may be reproduced with Remote Processing cited as the source The contents of this manual and the specifications her ein may change without notice TRADEMARKS CAM BASIC and PC SmartLINK are trademarks of Octagon Systems Corporation Microsoft BASIC is a trademark of M icrosoft Corporation Microsoft Windows Windows 95 and Windows 98 are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation Windows Terminal is registered with Microsoft Corporation Hyper Term is copyright by Hilgraeve Inc and is developed for Microsoft Cor poration Procomm is copyright by Datastorm Technologies part of Symantec Corporation Remote Processing Corporation 7975 E Harvard Ave Denver Co 80231 Ph 303 690 1588 Fax 303 690 1875 www rp3 com info rp3 com NOTICE TO USER The infor mation contained in this manual is believed to be correct However Remote Processing assumes no responsibility for any of the circuits described herein conveys no license under any patent or other right and make no representations that the circuits are free from patent infringement Remote Processing makes no representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the use specified without further testing or modification The user must decide fitness for a particular use Remote Processing Corporation s ge
56. SPLAY PORT largest font is 32 pixels wide by 48 tall Small characters are printed on its own plane Thus small text can be turned off if desired The larger sizes are considered graphics and are printed on the graphics plane Printing small characters is much like printing to a terminal Unless there is a semi colon at the end of a PRINT or DISPLAY statement the cursor advances to the beginning of the next line simulating a lt CR gt lt LF gt sequence Text is printed using a number of CAM BASIC commands Some of them are listed below PRINT 10 Text PRINT 10 USING A DISPLAY Text DISPLAY Row Column Text DISPLAY L Row Column T ext DISPLAY M Row Column Text DISPLAY M R Row Column Text PRINT 10 can write formatted numbers and text in the same way as PRINT PRINT uses small text Larger characters must use DISPLAY PRINT USING is not available for larger characters Medium and large characters are formed in CAMBASIC and are treated as graphics Printing these characters is much the same as small ones The major difference is CAMBASIC does not re position text on the next line if you run out of room on the current line Positioning text Small character text is positioned using the DISPLAY command Text begins in the upper left corner at 0 0 The lower right corner is 29 39 incremented to the next position When small text is at Text is auto the end
57. W8 5 output enable P2 Power I O Figure 2 3 Power and jumper location detail 3 Start your terminal program if not running already 4 Turn on your power supply On power up a copyright message is printed CAMBASIC tm V1 4 c 1985 94 Octagon Systems Corporation c 1999 Remote Processing Corporation All rights reserved free 32434 If a nonsense message appears your terminal or PC may not be set to the appropriate communication parameters If the system still does not respond refer to TROU BLESH OOT ING later in this chapter 4 The system is now in the immediate mode and is ready for you to start programming Type the following program in upper or lower case 10 FOR X 0 TO 2 20 PRINT Hello 30 NEXT 40 PRINT Now type RUN The system will display Hello Hello Hello CHAPTER 2 UPLOADING AND DOWNLOADING PROGRAMS Downloading programs means transferring them from your computer to RAM on the RPC 2350 Uploading means transferring programs from RAM back to your computer This section explains how to do both of these procedures using PC SmartLink and both Windows terminal programs Generalized instructions for other terminal programs are given at the end of this chapter Uploading Windows In the previous section you wrote a test program To upload that program to a PC and save it to disk first type list but do not hit the lt Enter gt key Select Transfer then Capture to d
58. ads a voltage and returns a 12 bit 4096 count number in under a milli second Inputs are programmable for 0 to 5 or 2 5 volt single ended or differential mode Additionally 2 analog output channels with 12 bit accuracy are optionally available Output voltage is 0 5V 0 10V or 5V Outputs can drive optional 4 20 mA current loops J Analog VO Ull1 amp UlT W12 D A D A output Voltage select 130 amp U31 4 20 mA IC s Figure 8 1 Analog connectors and jumpers 712 4 20 mA output Filter capacitors may be added to pads designated as W13 This can reduce noise on analog inputs Values are application dependent 0 01 mfd is a good value to start from Higher values may be used in extremely noisy environments or when time between sam ples is long gt 100 ms Input impedance is 100K ohm to ground Inputs are 8 1 ANALOG I O protected to 12V Readings on other channels are affected when one channel is over range Conversion time is under 500 micr o seconds channel AIN function is used to return a voltage while AOT writes an output voltage This chapter begins with basic hook up information then proceeds to initialization data reading and calibration Analog output option is discussed near the end Analog output 1 AOT 1 may optionally provide software contrast control for the LCD graphics display When it is used for this purpose 4 20 Ma output or other voltage output may not be used CO
59. alue 14 4 CHAPTER 14 Specifically CAMBASIC writes a 2 to the MCR Master Control Register reads the 3 counter bytes from the OL Output latch and converts it to the proper internal BA SIC for mat The LS7166 has several count related registers The PR Preset register is a kind of holding register A bit in the MCR Master control register transfers the information to the CNTR counter The PR is used to pre load the counter This pre load value can be put into the main counter by setting a bit in the MCR or bringing the LCTR J10 6 line low momentarily The CNTR is read by first setting another bit in the MCR to transfer CNTR to OL Output latch CAM BASIC COUN T 8 function does this The counter is capable of generating an interrupt every time CNTR equal PR or when CN TR passes through 0 while counting up or down NOTE Pulses from the LS7166 C Y and BW pins must be long enough for the RPC2350 to recognize an interrupt Counting speed is limited to about 100 KHz when interrupts are desired Even these can be missed as CAM BASIC shuts off interrupts at points in the program especially when writing to the graphics screen or Flash WARNING Do not use the CY or BW pulses to generate an interrupt in quadrature mode The pulses are far too short and are easily missed by hardware Contact Remote Processing for solutions Program Examples This code in CN TRI BAS resets the counter and enables the inputs If
60. ay not be objectionable in your application It is most noticeable on EL displays and when updating a LCD screen with reverse white block with black lettering characters Sparkle suppression is not completely eliminated when enabled You will still see random bars flickering around the screen CONNECTING A DISPLAY Operating a display is as simple as plugging the display cable into the appropriate connector See Figure 15 1 above for connector locations The RPC 2350G automatically initializes the controller on power up A blinking cursor is displayed in the upper left corner of the screen Make sure the board works as described in Chapter 2 Setup and Operation before connecting any display LCD Display The LCD display plugs into J9 Back light inverter is connected separately to the 5V and GND terminals on P2 The Back light inverter may be powered ON or OFF under software control by connecting its ground to P2 terminal marked SWPWR P2 1 This is a high current switch to ground By default it is off To turn on execute the BASIC statem ent OUT E7 1 To turn the inverter off execute OUT amp E7 0 15 2 CHAPTER 15 Initially connect the Back light inverter ground lead to GND on P2 or your power supply Orient the display so the back light cable 2 wire and lamp are on the right side when viewing the display from the front When you power up the board the graphics controller is initialized to
61. c and consistent order data to an entire set does not have to be written to just that element For example a calibration constant is saved POK E d in three different places Assume that the constant was assigned address 0 100 and 200 in segment 1 The data is POKEd to address 0 first then 100 then 200 Upon reset the calibration value is checked If the value at address 0 agrees with address 100 and 200 then no corruption occurred When address 0 and 100 agree but not 200 then this indicates that a reset occurred while updating the third set The first data set can be trusted The third data set simply needs to be updated When the first two sets do not agree then you know that the first data is corrupted If the second and third set agree then depending upon the system requirements the first set could be corrected using the old data The user or other device could be alerted that a calibration or other must be performed again When all three sets disagree then you must take action appropriate to the situation Another technique to check for valid memory is checksums Simply write a program to add the values in RAM and compare it against a number is a good check However you cannot tell which data element was corrupted Instances of data corruption are rare They do increase as the board power is cycled or reset ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE INTERFACE Assembly language programs including compiled C must start from segme
62. ces LINE reads or writes to a rack The base I O address for J2 is 0 and J3 is 64 when using INP OUT and CONFIG PIO statements CONFIG PIO statement is used to configure the 8255 lines for inputs and outputs Uponreset watchdog time out ora CAMBASIC CALL 0 lines are configured for inputs J2 and J3 are accessed using LINE or OPTO statements according to the table below Connector LINE OPTO rack designation terminal position J2 1 25 0 23 J3 101 125 100 123 LINE s access the corresponding pin number on J2 or J3 LINE 2 or 102 are not valid This 1s a 5 volt supply DIGITAL LINES J3 port A is shared with the LCD character display port J6 If you are using J6 then these 8 lines at J3 are not available J3 port B is connected to a high current sink through U20 See High current output later in this chapter Two lines are connected to the keypad port They are active only when scanning a 24 position keypad J3 port C is shared with the keypad port J5 If you are using a keypad through J5 these 8 lines are not available at J3 Pull up resistors Digital I O lines at J2 and J3 are pulled up to 5 volts through a 10K resistor pack These pull ups makes interfacing to switches and open collector TTL devices easy See Interfacing to Switches and other devices below High current output at J3 Eight lines at J3 can be used as high current drivers These outputs switch loads to ground Out
63. d OQOOO P2 Figure 16 2 Power connector detail POWER OUTPUT There are several power outputs available from both RPC 2350 and RPC 2350G 12V power is available at the analog connector J7 Current is limited to about 40 Ma See Chapter 8 ANALOG POWER SUPPLY for more information The RPC 2350G can supply regulated 5V power at P2 with 6 5 to 30V at the input Approximately 750 Ma is available for external devices See Heat sinking below if you intend to draw any significant 200 mA current from the board This extra current can supply EL displays opto racks LED displays and back lighting or other devices Heat sinking A heat sink under U23 is normally not necessary You should use a heat sink when all 4 conditions below are met 1 You are supplying 6 to 30VDC to power the board 2 Current from the board to power external devices such as opto racks approaches 750 mA 3 The ambient temperature will be more than 60 C 4 Supply voltage is usually less than 9 volts WARNING U23 can get VERY HOT exceeding 100 C hotter than boiling water and still operate normally DO NOT TOUCH U23 16 2 CHAPTER 16 Normally U23 is very warm to touch 40 C As current demand increases and or supply voltage decreases its temperature increases U23 uses a heat sink for a TO 220 IC Suggested heat sink by Aavid is 577202B00000 This part is available from DigiKey 800 344 4539 EXPANSION PORT P
64. d to back up the RAM and real time clock The installed battery is rated for 190 mA hours RAM any size typically requires 1 2 micro amps in standby The clock requires typically 3 micro amps Assuming 7 micro Amps of current draw you could expect 3 years life from the battery assuming the board was off the whole time 5 1 DATA MEMORY The problem with calculating battery life are variables beyond our reasonable control First memory manufacturers specify a typical current of 1 to 2 micro amps anda maximum of 100 high temperature operation Other factors affecting battery life include operating temperature clock chip and time the RPC 2350 has power applied to it You can expect the battery to last between 3 to 5 years for operation at 25 C At 50 C life is about halfas much This is due to battery deterioration and CMOS leakage increases at higher temperatures Humidity also affects battery life Very high humidity in conjunction with a dirty environment increases Low humidity drys out the battery seal allowing contaminates to enter leakage The point of this explanation is to give you the factors affecting battery life Under the best of conditions life is 7 years Under worse conditions it could be as low as 3 months You can add a larger battery as described below Existing battery voltage is measured across W14 Alternate battery A larger 3 0V battery can be installed by connecting it to W14 Be
65. desired connect J2 19 to J10 9 to see the count increment The count is printed once a second If desired you can bring J10 9 to another device 10 pr Counter test demo program 20 pr Uses J2 19 to generate pulses 30 pr Connect to J10 9 counter input 40 print Count continues until there is an error about 16 million 50 pr Current count is printed every second 100 config pio 0 0 1 1 1 0 port A output 110 out amp f1 32 120 out amp f1 72 make reset counter to O0 Enable counter A B CHAPTER 14 inputs to count 130 on tick 0 1 gosub 1000 140 c 1 initialize loop counter 200 bit 0 0 0 210 bit 0 0 1 count 220 a count 8 230 if a lt gt c then print end 240 inc c 250 goto 200 1000 print count 8 count 1010 return rising edge increments Count error show current The following example returns a frequency Input signal is at J2 9 A input 10 OUT amp F1 32 RESET COUNTER 20 OUT amp F1 72 ENABLE INPUTS 30 ON TICK 0 1 GOSUB 1000 40 GOTO 40 HANG OUT HERE 1000 A COUNT 8 GET COUNT 1010 C A B FIGURE CHANGE FROM LAST TIME 1020 PRINT Frequency a 1030 B A 1040 RETURN The first frequency read will be off due to initialization Accuracy is increased by stretching reading to every 10 seconds Other factors affecting accuracy include serial communications and other interrupt processing The counter will not miss counts Due to interrup
66. e BIT 128 4 0 in your code To turn the transmitter back on execute BIT 128 4 1 in your code RS 485 RS 485 is a popular networking system Technically RS 485 only defines electrical specifications not protocols See Multi drop Network below In RS 485 the transmitter is turned on only long enough to senda message then it turns off Thus RS 485 allows multiple units to be put on a single set of wires CHAPTER 4 RS 485 operates in one of two modes 2 wire and 4 wire An extra wire is actually needed as signal reference There are pro s and con s to 2 wire vs 4 wire systems and they are not discussed here Mechanically to make a 2 wire system simply connect T to R and T to R on P3 When you connect the RPC 2350 to another device the T T R and R signal lines may be reversed That is you may need to connect T to T and so on This is due to naming convention confusion when RS 485 was first introduced RS 422 485 OPERATING INFORMATION RS 422 485 Termination network When the RPC 2350 is the last physical unit on a network RS 485 or it is the only unit RS 422 the receiver must be terminated to prevent ringing Insert jumpers in W5 1 2 3 4 to install the network terminator See figure 4 2 below W5 3 EN EN 1 Figure 4 2 Only one slave device on a RS 485 network should have a terminator installed The host transmitter should also have a 10
67. e Be Ps 2 MULTI MODE COUNTER CHAPTER 14 COUNTER INPUTS AND OUTPUTS 3 Interrupt selection 3 HIGH VOLTAGE INPUT 4 PROGRAMMING sess 4 Program Examples 4 CAM BASIC resolution limit 5 MEASURING PULSE WIDTH 3 J10 Pinout er e ose 6 COMMANDS 34 ss awa 544 xc og ns 6 GRAPHIC DISPLAY PORT CHAPTER 15 DISPLAY INFORMATION 1 Display snow or sparkle 1 CONNECTING A DISPLAY 2 LCD Display saret teak tas gh ee prt sa 2 EE Display c vse wets Geta ba eee Gene 2 Verify operation both display types 2 DISPLAY LAYERS 2 CONTRAST ADJUSTMENT 3 Mechanical Contrast Adjustment 3 Software Contrast Control 3 PRINTING TEXT o 253 24 ca Pawa hh ys 3 Positioning text 0 4 Printing normal and reverse characters 4 The semi colon G ess 4 Scrolling a kom RR GRO 4 CHANGING AND LOADING FONTS 5 CLEAR FILL AND XOR AREAS 5 LOAD AND SAVE SCREENS 6 Calculating graphic memory requirements 6 Making and saving custom graphics 6 ADDITIONAL SCREEN CONTROLS 7 Changing cursor size or form 7 Screen flashing and screen ON OFF 7 Screen overlay o o o ooo oo 8 Display power ON OFF 8 Display mapping 8 PRINT AND DISPLAY TIMES 9
68. e data Saving data to a single dimension array takes 500 micro seconds longer than saving to a sim ple variable Data logging on a timer tick Some application require that data be taken at fixed The ON TICK construct can be used to take The program below takes 100 samples on 2 channels every intervals data in intervals from 0 01 to 655 35 seconds 10 seconds 10 DIM F 100 2 20 ON TICK 10 GOSUB 50 30 this is a dummy loop 40 GOTO 30 50 F I 0 AIN 0 60 F I 1 AIN 1 8 3 ANALOG I O 70 INC I 80 IF I 90 RETURN 100 THEN ON TICK 10 GOSUB Line 80 shuts off interrupts after 100 samples MEASURING HIGHER VOLTAGES Input voltages higher than 5V are measured by placing a resistor in series with the input Use the following formula to determine the required series resistance Rs Rs Vi 20 000 100 000 Vi 40 000 100 000 0 5V range 0 2 5V range Rs is the resistor value in ohms in series with the input Vi is the maximum input voltage If the result of your calculation is 0 or negative a series resistor is not necessary NOTE When an input voltage exceeds its voltage range other channels values are affected The 100K ohm resistor is R15 This is a 2 part You may want to add a trim resistor in series with a fixed to obtain higher accuracy Since input impedance is higher noise increases A capacitor at the appropriate channel at W13 will reduce noise CONVERTING ANALOG MEASUREMENTS T
69. e factory it detects a high input level output goes low at about 3 volts and a low input output goes high at about 2 volts program mable by changing R28 This level is Lower the value of R28 to increase the high level For example changing R28 to 23K raises the high input level threshold to about 4 2 volts and the low level to about 3 2 volts The thresholds are approximate and change from lot to lot The output of the buffer connects to a counter input via jumper W9 When WO is jumpered it will goto the counter s A input and to J10 9 The buffer inverts the input signal A count increments when a signal goes high to low on this input This line is useful for connecting proximity switches to the counter It may be used to filter switch contact closures by tying a capacitor from its input to ground A 10K pull up resistor is connected to the input PROGRAMMING The LS7166 is capable of several operating modes all of which cannot be discussed See Appendix A for this chips operating modes What are shown are example of how to program this chip and some common operating modes The counter chip must be initialized before using the COUNT function You need to write to the ICR Input control register OCCR Output control register and possibly QR Quadrature register in order to set up the counter Examples are given below for different operating modes The COUNT function returns the current counter v
70. e software between two displays DISPLAY PORTS It is possible to write a LCD character driver in Basic This routine will be slow and take up some space DISPLAY CONNECTOR PIN OUT The display port uses an 82C55 for data and control The table below lists a pin number and its intended function A display may not use all lines even though they are available J6 Pin 82C55 Port Line Function WRT display LCD displays 5V supply i Ground A 4 RS Contrast Voltage T A 6 El A 5 R W No connect TELLE i No connect No connect 10 A 7 E2 11 A 1 DB5 12 A 0 DB4 13 A 3 DB7 14 A 2 DB6 15 20 No connect The character designates a logical NOT LCD character displays operate in 4 bitmode Display lines DB0 DB3 are not connected 10 2 CHAPTER 10 J6 Pin 82C55 Port Line Function WRT display VF displays 5V supply Ground A 4 D4 No connect D6 F A 6 A 5 No connect No connect PEEP D5 No connect 10 A 7 Strobe 11 A 1 DI 12 A 0 DO 13 A 3 D3 14 A 2 D2 15 20 No connect VF character display connector table Displays op erate in 8 bit mode Bring bit 7 on display to ground Display bit 7 is not used NOTE Due to high display current demand it is recommended that separate 5 and ground lines be brought to the display COMMANDS The following is a list of commands used to control the displays Function Tells system
71. ed When the timer is done the RS 485 transmitter is turned off The timer shuts off the transmitter about 1 4 to character time after the last The differ ence is due to stop bit and parity requirements and to allow for line settling character is sent out Normally thisis nota problem However if a very high speed system is controlling the network it is possible two transmitters can be on simultaneously garbling data Any responding systems on the network should wait at least Y character time before sending a message packet When using other 2350 s on a network this will not be a problem at 19200 baud and probably will not be one at lower rates Multi drop Network You can use the RPC 2350 in a multi drop network by using CO M2 s RS 422 485 port You can connect up to at least 32 units including other RPC 2350 s overa 4 000 foot range The host transmits data packets to all of the devices or nodes in the network A data packet includes an SERIAL PORTS address command data and a checksum See figure 4 4 The packet is received by all devices and ignored by all except the one addressed Command Checksum Address Data Figure 4 4 Data packet Terminotor The relationship described below between nodes and the The host directs all communication Nodes do not speak unless spoken to host is a master slave Peer to peer communication while possible with the RPC 2350 is not discussed here There are ma
72. ers Print medium characters in reverse video Print large characters Print lar ge characters in reverse video 15 12 CHAPTER 15 CHAPTER 16 CHAPTER SYNOPSIS Power input options Power output options Expansion port description Expansion port pin out POWER INPUT There are different power I O options for the RPC 2350 and RPC 2350G Read this carefully to determine which one applies to your board The RPC 2350 and RPC 2350G have different input power options The RPC 2350 operates from 5 0 25VDC only The RPC 2350G operates from either 5 0 25VDC or 6 5 to 30V DC To operate from 6 5 to 30V make sure jumper W8 is installed This connects 5V regulated output to the board If you intend on using 5V power out be sure to read Heat sinking below for related information 5V input current for budgetary purposes is about 250 Ma The RPC 2350 uses slightly less power Both models generate voltages for RS 232 and analog outputs are generated on card The RPC 2350G generates aregulated negative bias voltage for the LCD display Power is applied at P2 See Figure 16 1 for location P1 Expansion port W3 5 output P2 Power I O Figure 16 1 Power Expansion and jumper locations 16 1 POWER amp EXPANSION PORT POWER AND EXPANSION PORT POWER I O SWPWR 5V ELPWR 7 30V GND Switch to ground 5V in or out EL display power 7 30V voltage input Power groun
73. es not add a significant amount of time EL DISPLAY An EL display from Planar Model EL320 240 36 may be connected to the RPC 2350G 5V and 12V power must be available 12V is connected to P2 ELPWR pin 5V is taken from the board 12V may also be used to supply the board Simply connect ELP WR on P2 to 7 30V on P2 Install jumper W8 To use your own 5V supply connect it to the 5V pin on P2 Make sure jumper W8 is removed Do not connect ELPWR to any other pin on P2 The EL display has very fast pixel on off time Consequently sparkle is more noticeable even when it is off default Sparkle is more noticeable when an area is illuminated Programming the EL display is the same as LCD EL display connects to J13 Connection is one to one using a 2 mm ribbon cable Cable is available from Samtec www samtec com or 812 944 6733 part number TC SD 10 D 12 00 01 F GRAPHIC DISPLAY PORT CABLE PIN OUTS The following tables are cable pin outs for LCD and EL displays J9 is the 20 pin display connector on the board EEE o J9 Pin Description LCD pin Contrast adjust 5V 7 Ground TTT he 12 13 14 li Ground 20 15 10 J13 Pin CHAPTER 15 Description EL pin Display 12V Display 12V Sef test no connect Reserved 5V power FLM VS Ground 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 i CHAPTER 15 COMMAN
74. f 40 characters line Most American ASCII characters are displayed The character is the yen symbol ASCII values 126 and 127 are displayed as and respectively Medium size is 10 x 16 pixels 0 175 height All 15 1 GRAPHIC DISPLAY PORT printable ASCII characters are available This set displays amaximum of 15 rows x 32 characters wide The largest size is 32 x 48 pixels 0 5 height All ASCII characters are available This set displays a maximum of 6 rows x 10 characters wide Medium and large characters are treated as graphics They can be displayed in normal or reverse light border black character mode Fonts are stored in Flash EPROM You may change fonts as desired See Changing and loading fonts later Small character cursor position starts in the screen s upper left corner Row Column coordinates start at 0 0 and end at 45 29 The first plane is small characters only The second plane is The controller is programmed for two planes larger characters and graphics Each plane can be independently turned on or off or flashed Display snow or sparkle Snow or sparkle were defined in the PC world as extraneous flashes of light on the screen Sparkle appeared during updates on PC s A similar phenomenon can manifest itself on the RPC 2350G Instead of flashes of light there are black or grey bars randomly running around an LCD screen These are most noticeable in reverse character dis
75. f space is tight consider using a 512K Flash Chapter 5 treats saving data to RAM and Flash more extensively INSTALLING 128K OR 512K FLASH Socket U3 can hold a 128K or 512K Flash EPROM Perform the following steps to install a a new Flash 1 Remove power from board and remove existing EPROM from U3 2 Orient the new Flash so pin 1 is near the edge of the board Install the IC 3 Set jumper W2 according to memory size W2 4 5 128K 29C010A 29C010 W2 5 6 512K 29C040A LINKING PROGRAMS One CAMBASIC program can load and run another For example the autorun program can at some point run the program in Flash area 1 which can then call the original one Using this technique you can have program sizes of nearly 70K bytes using a 128K Flash or 245K using a 512K Flash This linking is intended to be called occasionally although we have run programs that have linked millions of times For example the second program is a set up and calibration routine This will free up main program RAM for variables Linking in CAMBASIC is not threaded code It does replace one program with another while keeping variables SAVING AND LINKING PROGRAMS 3 3 When developing programs and testing for linking make sure you save any changes to Flash before running Any changes in program length especially the first autorun one can have adverse strange or disastrous results When you have saved the changes press the reset bu
76. for outputs before using them Use the following table to determine the corresponding opto channel for a particular 82C55 port Opto 82C55 Connector Addr channels port M0 M3 Lower C J2 TE 66 66 64 M116 M 123 65 Opto channel is the position as marked on the MP S xx board The channel number is preceded by a M character on the MPS board When connecting J3 to an opto rack add 100 to the number on the rack J3 has a high current output on port A channels M8 M 15 Replace U20 with a shunt jumper to operate norm ally To turn on an opto module an output line must be low A module is turned off by writing a 1 to a channel The logic at J3 port A with the high current outputs installed is just the reverse A 1 at a line causes the module to turn ON High current outputs at J3 port A are optionally configurable as TTL I O by replacing U20 with a DIP 6 3 DIGITAL LINES shunt jumper This keeps logic compatible with ports B and C If opto channels 8 15 are used as inputs then U20 must be replaced by a DIP shunt jumper Configuring digital I O lines Lines are configured during program execution using the CONFIG PIO command On power up or reset all lines are inputs When a line is configured as an output it can sink a maximum of 2 5 mA at 0 4V and can source a minimum of 2 5 mA at 2 4V When driving opto modules the outputs sink 15 mA at 1 0V Digital I O programming exam ple The follo
77. gh current output at P2 The P2 terminal marked SWPWR is a 2 Amp 50V FET switch to ground ON resistance is about 1 ohm Itis intended to switch back light power for the LCD graphics display However it can be used for any other purpose The switch is controlled by software as follows Turns on switch Turns off switch OUT amp E7 1 OUT amp E7 0 The switch is turned OFF when only on a hardware reset or watchdog timeout Use the circuit in Figure 6 2 when switching inductive loads Interfacing to an opto module rack J2 and J3 I O lines interface to an MPS 8 16 or 24 position opto module rack Lines not going to an opto module connect to a screw terminal on the MPS XX series boards This feature allows you to connect switches or other TTL type devices to the digital I O CHAPTER 6 lines The MPS XX series boards accept OPTO 22 G4 series or Grayhill G5 modules See Chapter 18 RESOURCES for a list of suppliers Use the OPTO command to access and control opto modules The LINE command is used to access individual lines on the STB 26 or MPS X X rack A CM A 26 connects J2 and J3 on the RPC 2350 to the MPS XX board Cable length should be less than 2 feet for the 8 position rack and 18 inches for the 16 and 24 positions Excessive cable lengths cause a high voltage drop and consequently unreliable operation Be sure to supply 5V and ground to the appropriately marked terminals You must configure the 8255 ports
78. h current 21 High current 23 Shared w J5 keypad Shared w J5 keypad 1 Shared w J5 keypad EA Shared w J5 keypad 3 Shared w J5 keypad Pao Shared w J5 keypad 5 7 ora Shared w J5 keypad Shared w J5 keypad 6 7 CALENDAR CLOCK CHAPTER SYNOPSIS Initializing and using the RTC O Y2K and Y2 4K issues Using clock interrupts DESCRIPTION The RPC 2350 has a battery backed Calendar clock When used in conjunction with the DATES and TIMES commands the current date and time can be set and read It is accurate to 1 minute month at 25 C and is not adjustable The clock data sheetis in the applications disk See RTC72412 PDF SETTING DATE AND TIME The clock must be turned on before it is used This need be done only once To turn on the clock type CONFIG CLOCK 1 The date and time can be set while running a program or in the immediate mode Date and time are treated as strings and notnumbers To set the date and time date5 04 19 99 time 13 56 00 To retrieve date and time as part of a program 2000 DAS 2010 TIS DATES 0 TIMES 0 You can also print the date and time in the immediate mode pr time 0 13 56 03 YEAR 2000 AND BEYOND The clock on the RPC 2350G is year 2000 compliant under the following condition Date is always returned as the last two digits of the The first two digits 19 or 20 must be programmed into your system As of the time this year manual was
79. hained variables from one program can be used in another Data can be saved to and retrieved from this device using the SAVE and LOAD commands The maximum amount of data that can be accessed is limited by the size of your program less the Flash size The Flash EPROM is non volatile retaining data even when power is disconnected having an unlimited number of read cycles and a limited number of write cycles about 1 000 to 10 000 Using 1 000 cycles as a limit you can write to Flash once a day for about 3 years before wearing out the device It is transferred to RAM and run from there Programs in RAM are run A program is not run from EPROM SAVING AND LINKING PROGRAMS 3 1 and can be modified They can be saved to EPROM for execution later The RPC 2350 is set to autorun on power up or reset by installing a jumper W11 When autorun is on the program in EPROM is loaded into RAM and begins to execute immediately The EP ROM is write protected with a software lock so accidental writes on power on or off are almost impossible You cannot disable the lock except when executing the SAVE command Autorun jumper W11 Memory size Figure 3 1 Flash location and jumpers SAVING A PROGRAM To save a program set jumper W11 You may set the jumper even if the power is on Remember to discharge any static electricity before installing or removing the jumper For this example assume you wanted to save the
80. he buffer and the buffer fills all subsequent characters are discarded INKEY n may be used anywhere in the program 3 COMS n retrieves all characters in the buffer including lt cr gt s and other control codes This function is commonly used with ON COM multitasking statement You can retrieve 128 of the 256 bytes in the serial buffer at one time DISABLING PROGRAM BREAK Program execution can be interrupted by pressing the lt Esc gt key To disable this recognition so the program does not terminate put the following command in your program 1000 CONFIG BREAK port 1 Where port is 1 J1 or 2 J4 or P3 SPI PORT A software SPI port is provided at J11 SPI Serial Peripheral Interface is used to communicate with a These include D A s A D s UART s J11 provides two chip selects number of IC s and other devices The optional touch screen interface uses SPI port 1 The SPI function is used to read and write data Unfortunately SPI has a variety of data formats Data to send and receive from a device can be anywhere from 8 to 24 bits The clock polarity and data phase can idle high or low when data is latched CAM BASIC SPI function supports the following format Clock idle polarity low Clock data phase low This format supports the Maxim MAX186 188 and Burr Brown ADS7843 IC s The program SPIDEMOI BAS uses the MAX186 188 to return the result of an A D calculation Functionally it is the same a
81. igital amp 000 amp 003 J3 Digital amp 040 amp 043 J5 Keypad amp 042 amp 0080 amp 00BF Internal processor Analog output 0 amp 0CO0 amp 0CF Analog output 1 Watchdog 80E4 amp 0E4 80F0 amp 0F7 amp 0D0 0DF Counter Graphics display amp OF8 amp OFF Expansion port amp 100 amp 13F SPI port S E0 SCLK amp E1 SPI in to device amp ES Select 1 amp E6 Select 2 amp E8 SPI out from dev TECHNICAL INFORMATION JUMPER DESCRIPTIONS ncc A after a jumper position indicates factory default and W7 1 2 INTI to counter carry is jumpered INTI to counter borrow Jumper Description wise Watchdog timer 1 2 Seconds Regulated 5V output to board 5V layer W9 1 2 High voltage interface to counter WI open Watchdog timer 150 mS W10 1 2 Real time clock interrupt output to W1 1 2 Watchdog timer 1 2 seconds INTO 128K RAM Flash not affected WII 1 2 Enable autorun and graphics fonts W2 4 5 128K Flash RAM not affected W12 2 4 D A output 0 to 0 5V W2 5 6 512K Flash RAM not affected W12 8 10 D A output 0 to 0 10V W3 2 3 Manual contrast control for Graphic LCD display W12 1 3 D A output 1 to 0 5V W12 6 8 D A output 0 to 5V W12 5 7 D A output 1 to 5V W13 provides pads for D A input filter capacitors W3 1 2 Software contrast control for Graphic LCD display 1 WA 2 3 COM 2 RS 232 485 se
82. in a number of applications We provide common accessories However your application probably requires something we do not stock Below is a listing of some components you may use with the RPC 2350 This is not an extensive listing by any means Preference is given to companies that you can order parts from distributors NOTE The following list is provided as a service REMOTE PROCESSING MAKES NO WARRANTY AS TO FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE We have not even touched most of these products so we don t know if it will work with ours We will work with you for what we deem a reasonable amount of time to get a particular product to work with our board We have a limited knowledge of these products so we can t promise you good support RESOURCE LISTING The following list was compiled in May 1999 Companies phone numbers such as area codes may have changed products discontinued or the company stopped operations since this time Part distributors The following distributors are mentioned as potential suppliers of parts listed below Web addresses and phone numbers are believed accurate as of October 2004 Didi key www digikey com 800 344 4539 Allied Electronics www alliedelec com 800 433 5700 17 1 RESOURCES VF displays IEE displays California Ph 818 787 0311 WWW leeinc com Makes vacuum florescent and LCD displays Some products available from Allied Electronics Century series are driven through a serial
83. ing from If arrays are saved to Flash use SAVE Use LOAD to both save to and retrieve from RAM An example of saving arrays to RAM is shown in ARRAY 1 BAS program on the application disk Saving arrays to Flash is shown in ARRA Y2 BAS FLASH BAS shows strings bytes and word saves to Flash ARRAY3 BAS is similar to ARRAYI BAS except it uses LOAD to transfer arrays This makes transfers faster Mapping your stored data A frequent question is Where do I store my data and How much do I have You have two places to store data RAM or Flash How much you have depends upon several factors Expected program size How much RAM and or Flash memory is free Will you need a second program Amount of data to store Type of data to store 5 3 DATA MEMORY How simple do you want to keep the program How secure does the data have to be where to store data Flash or RAM How often is information updated Every application has a different set of priorities Some programs are large but only a few variables are stored Others some data is critical and some are not Start off by determining what your storage requirements are that is floating point numbers integers strings screen graphics 64K to 448K bytes of RAM are available depending on how U2 is populated Each data element type requires a Use the follo wing table to determine your storage requireme nts Type Bytes of BASIC Commands storage different numbe
84. ing to Flash 4 SAVING AND LINKING PROGRAMS CHAPTER 3 Using LOAD to transfer data 5 SAVING A PROGRAM 1 INSTALLING 512K RAM 5 AUTORUNNING sosaren rda a eaa ee 2 CORRUPTED VARIABLES 5 PREVENTING AUTORUN 2 ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE INTERFACE 6 LOADING PROGRAMS 2 EXAMPLE PROGRAMS 7 INSTALLING 128K OR 512K FLASH 3 COMMANDS eee 7 LINKING PROGRAMS 3 Program si26 sw AY WERE 3 DIGITAL LINES CHAPTER 6 Multi tasking leen 3 DIGITAL I O PORT 1 DATA statements 3 Pull up resistors o 2 Linking within the program 3 High current output atJ3 2 Declare variables 4 High current output at P2 2 Program Re entIY 4 Interfacing to an opto module rack 2 SAVING PROGRAMS VSSAVINGDATA 4 Configuring digital I O lines 3 COMMANDS een 4 Digital I O programming 3 Connector pin out lees 4 Connector pin out J3 4 COMMANDS lee 5 DIGITAL I O WORKSHEET 5 RPC 2350 USER S MANUAL CALENDAR CLOCK CHAPTER 7 SETTING DATE ANDTIME 8 YEAR 2000 AND BEYOND 8 CLOCK INTERRUPTS 8 COMMANDS waters BALA Ret aa ah 9 ANALOG I O CHAPTER 8 CONNECTING ANALOG I O
85. ious capabilities of the RPC 2350 Finally a troubleshooting section helps on the most common problems OPERATING PRECAUTIONS The RPC 2350 is designed to handle a wide temperature range and operating conditions These characteristics require using CMOS components CMOS are static sensitive To avoid damaging these components observe the following precautions before handling the RPC 2350 1 Ground yourself before handling the RPC 2350 or plugging in cables Static electricity can easily arc through cables and to the card Simply touching a metal part on your PC can greatly reduce static 2 Do not insert or remove components when power is applied While the card is a 5 volt only system other voltages are generated on the card EL display Port Port Power JO H LCD Graphics CHAPTER 2 EQUIPMENT You will need the following equipment to begin using the RPC 2350 RPC 2350 embedded controller A PC with a serial port and communications program VTC 9 serial cable 5 300 m A power supply or 7 to 30V applied to 7 30V terminal on P2 Do not connect any accessory components such as a display or keypad to the board until you are sure the board works in your environment The CAMBA SIC Programming Manual is strongly recommended It can be downloaded free at our web site www rp3 com Refer to Chapter 4 Serial Ports for wiring information to make your own cable COMMUNICATION PROGRAM A terminal p
86. is a follows Set the counter to 0 Read the counter and wait until it stops changing after it starts Read the counter Multiply result by 2 170139E 7 The result is the actual time 14 6 CHAPTER 14 J10 Pin out The following is the pin out for J10 J10 pin 1 Ground Function 4 608 MHZ clock output 9 A counter input High voltage input COMMANDS The following commands are used with the multi mode counter Command Function COUNT 8 Reads multi mode counter ON ITR 1 Interrupt tasking I O port read Write to I O port CHAPTER 15 CHAPTER SYNOPSIS General display information Connect a display Display modes Printing text Make and load fonts Making saving and loading screens Drawing points and lines ancillary screen control Load and save graphic screens Touch screen positioning Cable and wiring diagrams Command summary Application programs DISPLAY INFORMATION The RPC 2350 initializes the display controller for the following type on power up Optrex DMF50174 320 x 240 pixel LCD Planar EL320 240 36 320 x 240 pixel EL The LCD plugs into J9 The EL display plugs into J13 J13 EL port J9 LCD type port Jumper W3 LCD contrast adjust Marmialsoftware R30 contrast adjust Figure 15 1 LCD and EL connector location There are 3 character sizes available Default character set is 5 x 7 pixels This set displays 30 rows o
87. isk Enter the name you want to save it as After that window closes hit the enter key The program will be listed and captured by the terminal program To stop capture select Transfer then Capture to disk again Then select stop transfer Your program is now saved Uploading SmartLink In the previous section you wrote a test program To upload that program to a PC and save it to disk 1 Press the Fl key A window with the main menu will appear 2 Press the letter U upper or lower case Your program will begin to transfer from RAM to the PC When menu appears 3 To save a program to disk type the letter S You are prompted for a file name Enter the file name you want the program saved under 4 Press lt F2 gt to return to the immediate mode NOTE Some versions of PC SmartLink have pull down menus or will operate differently Refer to the SmartLink manual for the version you are using Downloading Windows Select Transfer then Send Text file program Downloading begins Select the For test purposes select one of the programs on the RPC 2350 demo disk 2 5 SETUP AND OPERATION Depending upon the program Terminal or HyperTerm you will see progress on your screen in different ways You may need to change the amount of delay between lines This is set under Properties A SCII Setup 1 10 second is usually adequate for all program sizes You can set it to
88. it value PEEK Returns a string FPEEK Returns a floating point number POKE Stores a byte DPOKE Stores a 16 bit value POKES Stores a string Stores a floating point number Move data from Flash to RAM or RAM to RAM Save data to Flash from RAM CHAPTER 6 CHAPTER SYNOPSIS Overview of the digital lines How to program Using high current port Interfacing to opto racks DESCRIPTION Digital I O lines are used to interface with opto module racks switches low current LED s and other TTL devices The RPC 2350 has 48 of these lines available through J2 and J3 J3 is shared with other connectors and functions Eight lines are high current outputs capable of sinking 75 to 200 ma Another 8 lines on J3 are shared by the keypad connector J5 Still another 8 lines are used by the LCD character port J6 A table at the end of this chapter lists line use at J3 Eight 16 or 24 position opto racks are connected to J2 or J3 These opto racks accept G4 series opto modules G4 series opto modules are used to sense the presence of AC or DC voltages or switch them Maximum switching current is 3 amperes Sines OT Figure 6 1 Digital I O connectors WARNING Apply power to the RPC 2350 before applying a voltage to the digital I O lines to prevent current from flowing in and damaging devices If you cannot apply power to the RPC 2350 first contact technical support for suggestions appropriate to your
89. k up Shielded cable can help reduce noise from high impedance sources Make sure the shield is not used for power ground Using the shield for power ground defeats its purpose Try connecting the shield to ground at only one point not at both ends You may need to run a separate ground wire Wire pairs can also be twisted 5 6 twists foot provides a reasonable amount of noise cancellation Noise is defined in this section as any random change from a known input The amount of noise you can expect under normal operatin g circumstances is 3 counts for any input range Under ideal conditions noise contributes less than a count One way to compensate for noise is to take a number of samples and average the results Taking 7 or more 8 4 CHAPTER 8 samples in theory cancels out any effects of noise A problem with this is noise tends to group together Taking 7 readings at one time might show no change from the norm Another 7 readings might be all high If possible try to spread out readings over a period of time several seconds if possible Jumper block W13 is used to install filter capacitors Generally the higher the source impedance the lower the capacitor you will need A 0 1 uF capacitor filters noise nicely when impedance is 100K While installing capacitors filters noise it also reduces the frequency response How much depends upon your source impedance and capacitor values Noise is by definition random If
90. lect at RS 232 W4 1 2 COM 2 RS 232 485 select at RS W2 2 3 512K RAM Flash not affected 485 W12 7 9 D A output 1 to 0 10V z W5 1 2 3 4 RS 485 network terminator W6 1 2 t RS 485 in 2 wire mode Receive off when transmitting RS 485 is 4 wire mode Receive always on 18 3 TECHNICAL INFORMATION CONNECTOR DESCRIPTION The following table provides a brief function description for each connector and the chapter number where you can find information Connector Function Chapter s Desg for more info P1 Expansion port 16 P2 Power I O 6 16 P3 RS 422 485 port 4 JI COM 1 RS 232 4 J2 Digital I O 6 J3 Digital I O shared 6 J4 COM 2 RS 232 4 J5 Keypad 6 9 J6 LCD character display 6 10 J7 A D and D A 8 J8 RS 422 485 port 4 J9 LCD graphic display 15 J10 Counter and interrupt 11 13 14 input pulse outputs Jil SPI port 4 J12 4 20 mA output 8 J13 EL graphic display 15 i 18 4 TECHNICAL INFORMATION Mounting holes are 0 175 in 0 300 pad 38 000 RPC 2350 board outline and mounting hole locations
91. lled as soon as RETURN ITR is executed Make sure you clear the source of the interrupt before executing RETURN ITR 13 2 CHAPTER 13 SOFTWARE INTERRUPTS Software interrupts are all other ON types These interrupts look for an interrupt condition in software The ON BIT ON INP ON KEYPAD ON COUNT and ON TICK routines either scan or count first then determine if an interrupt should be declared All of the above routines operate on a 5 mS interval That is every 5 mS lines are scanned counters checked and so on Commands that look at digital I O lines suchas ON BIT require a stable input condition for at least 5 ms in order to be recognized All of the subroutines use a simple RETURN to continue execution from where it was interrupted from See the examples inthe CAMBASIC manual for more information on using these tasking statements COMMANDS The following commands are used for interrupts in CAMBASIC Command Function ON BIT Interrupt on line change Interrupt on serial data ON COUNT Interrupt when count reached Interrupt on bit mask Hardware interrupt Interrupt on key press Periodic interrupts RETURN ITR Return from hardware interrupt CHAPTER 14 CHAPTER SYNOPSIS Brief description of the counter High voltage input and level sensing adjustment Use in program Measuring pulse width Measure frequency DESCRIPTION The RPC 2350 has a programmable high
92. ls the system what size of keypad to scan and what line to execute on a key press W hen this command is executed the scanning process begins INPUT KEYP ADS allow you to input data from the keypad and echo the data to an LCD character or graphics display Input can be a string or floating point number Refer to INPUT KEYP ADS command in the CAMBASIC manual Use 8 for echo port characters can be echoed back to the display Only smaller The KEYPA D n function returns either the keypad character as an ASCII value or its position When getting a character keep in mind the difference between An ASCII 1 is not the same as the number 1 used for calculations an ASCII value vs real KEYPAD PORT The following example sets up CAM BASIC to scan a 16 position keypad Ports A and B are set for outputs presumably to drive the LCD display and high current port The results are echo ed to the display 10 CONFIG PIO 1 0 0 1 0 64 20 Optionally change keypad char B 30 to the letter M 40 POKE SYS 8 7 77 60 ON KEYPADS 16 GOSUB 500 70 PRINT Enter a number 100 loop for this example 110 GOTO 100 500 AS KEYPADS 0 510 IF AS C THEN clear beep 520 IF AS CHRS 13 THEN enter 530 PRINT AS 540 BS BStAS 560 RETURN 600 clear beep 610 B 630 DELAY 4 650 PRINT CHR 12 660 RETURN CARS 12 700 enter 710 FL 1 730 RETURN Program Explanation Lines 10 80 set up the parame
93. mbered by CAM BASIC when other parts of the program are installed However if a particular section is the only program downloaded then line renumbering in that range is possible Refer to the CAMBASIC RENUM command CAM BASIC automatically formats a line for minimum code space and increased readability For example you could download the following line of code 10 fora 0to5 When you listed this line it would appear as 10 FOR A 0 TO 5 Spaces are initially displayed but not stored The following line 10 fora 0 to 5 would be compressed and displayed as in the second example above Spaces are removed Writing without line numbers Many programming languages such as C and versions of BASIC and do not use line numbers CAMBASIC uses line numbers simply because you can edit them through a serial ter minal You can write and edit CAM BASIC programs without using line numbers This makes for much more readable code The demo program NOLINES BAS is such a program Other program demos may also not use line numbers The key is to use the AUTO command This command automatically assigns a num ber to each program line as it is entered There are a few things you have to keep in mind 1 Put the NEW statement at the start of the program file This removes old code 2 You must use the remark statement in lines that do not have any code This is because AUTO SETUP AND OPERATION stops giving line numbers when tw
94. mit problems Before loading a new program enter the following com mand first new If you are loading one program through F lash saving it stopping then loading another program and running it you may notice some oddities like incorrect variable values or syntax errors to lines not in your code This oddity is probably due to the program size difference If you do not type in NEW to start with LOA Ding will clobber what is in memory and nothing will be right If you are using multitasking routines such as ON BIT or ON TICK then it is best to reset the board and then load the program during development The other and best way to take care of this problem is to reset the board then load the program Use LOAD 0 to retrieve programs saved using SAVE 0 or SAVE and use LOAD n to retrieve programs saved using SAVE n n is 0 or 1 for 128K Flash and 0 to 7 for 512K CHAPTER 3 SAVING DATA TO FLASH EPROM Additional data such as strings and constants can be saved to U3 using a variation of the SAVE command Exactly how much memory you have depends upon how many and how large of program s you have Flash sector size must be considered when saving The sector size determines the minimum write area Thus if you were to save just 1 byte 128 29C010A type or 256 29C040A bytes will be written All unwritten data is saved as FFH Font are stored starting at address amp A C00 segment 9 This is above program area 1 I
95. neral policy does not recommend the use of its products in life support or applications where the failure or malfunction of a board may threaten life or injury Install redundant or backup safety systems as appropriate to the application FCC AND EMI NOTICE The RPC 2350 and RPC 2350G is intended as an OEM product in an industrial environment It was not tested for EMI radiation When operated outside a suitable enclosure the board and any cables coming from the board will radiate har mful signals that interfere with consumer and industrial radio frequencies It is your responsibility properly to shield the RPC 2350 2350G and cables coming from it to prevent such interference P N 1761 Revision 1 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS OVERVIEW CHAPTER 1 SERIAL PORTS CHAPTER 4 MANUAL ORGANIZATION 1 DESCRIPTION Luis yv Se NG 1 MANUAL CONVENTIONS 1 COMI SERIAL PORT 1 Symbols and Terminology 2 COM2 SERIAL PORT 1 DEMONSTRATION DISK 2 Communication flow control 2 TECHNICAL SUPPORT 2 XON XOFPF usada sedate ys hp 2 RSE xs et eue E utu ROS NG 2 SETUP AND OPERATION CHAPTER 2 R3 422 o Lees E oe puse dedo EIUS 2 INTRODUCTION seen 1 RS 485 ws usc RR OE Re S ER NG 2 OPERATING PRECAUTIONS 1 RS 422 485 Termination network 3 EQUIPMENT mk ap raid Bake HAL 2 Two and four wire RS 485 3 COMMUNICATION
96. nt 0 Use the CAMBASIC CALL statement to execute an assembly language program A specific area of RAM should be reserved for the program This is to prevent strings and variables from corrupting that area of RAM Use the SYS 1 and SYS 2 statements to do this SYS 1 returns the lowest memory location while SYS 2 returns the upper location Run the program first to make sure variable 5 6 CHAPTER 5 memory has been allocated before running these SYS commands Failure to do so may result in address returned that are not really free for assembly language programs There are several ways to put a program in memory depending upon your application 1 Use DATA statements and POKE the code into segment 0 RAM 2 Write a program to download code Some applications are connected to a larger system which initializes its systems Using INKEYS or COM code is received and then poked into memory using POKES 3 Readthe code from the EPROM U3 using INP and transfer it to RAM using POKE 4 Some space is available in the CAMBASIC ROM Space from about 6B00H to 6F FFH is available in version 1 4 of the 2350G board The starting address will probably change in the future with different CAMBASIC versions You may burn your assembly language program in U1 and CALL in from BASIC 5 Space is available in the Flash EPROM In theory you can run directly from Flash This involves running in sectored areas unique to the Z180 Use
97. nt to SCROLL register in the SED1335 Layer 1 character SAD 1 amp 0000 Layer 2 graphics SAD 2 amp 2000 Layer 3 graphics SAD 3 amp 6000 SAD 4 amp A000 CHAPTER 15 PRINT AND DISPLAY TIMES Execution times for a command not character shown below Command Time in Condition milli Sec DISPLAY AS is 20 characters A C HR 13 long DISPLAY x y AS AS is20 characters long DISPLAY AS Timed when cursor was at bottom of screen This is scroll up time DISPLAY F x1 y1 x2 y2 is 96 x 96 on even boundary sparkle off DISPLAY F X x1 y1 x2 y2 XOR area is 96 x 96 sparkle off AS is 10 characters long no spark le DISPLAY M x y AS mode AS is 10 characters long allow sparkle DISPLAY M x y AS AS is 5 number long no spark le DISPLAY L x y AS mode AS is 5 numbers long allow sparkle DISPLAY L x y AS Area to clear or fill DISPLAY P x y Same x y point 0 425 Times were calculated in CAMBASIC by dividing executing time by the number of loops General DISPLAY LINE 0 0 10 10 14 points in line program was in the form of 10 20 30 40 50 CLEAR TICK 0 FOR N 0 TO 999 DISPLAY test NEXT PRINT TICK 0 1000 15 9 GRAPHIC DISPLAY PORT Times shown are what it took to execute the entire DISPLA Y command Reverse medium and large characters do
98. number which can be used in place of value Output Current D A output impedance is 0 5 ohms Short circuit current is 40 mA The analog power supply limits this current to something a little less Practical maximum output current from a D A is 10 mA Noise Analog outputs generate noise in the 100KHz frequency range Many devices are not affected by this noise However if noise is a problem put a capacitor 1 uF or so on the output Pads are provided at C23 and C24 near J7 C23 filters output 0 and C24 filters output 1 4 20 mA OUTPUT Two 4 20 mA outputs are optionally available Interface is at J12 Current outputs are driven by the voltage DAC s Configure each DAC used for 0 10V output to drive the current output Analog output 1 may be optionally used for software contrast control on the LCD graphics display When it is used for this purpose 4 20 mA output may not be used for this channel When you use a DAC to drive a current output it cannot be used for voltage output Current output is proportional to the DAC voltage driving it To program a current you program a voltage using the AOT command Thus 0 V output supplies 4 mA output while 10V output supplies 20 mA 8 6 CHAPTER 8 The following table lists J12 pin number DAC and current output Output J12 pin DAC driver Current No IC lo 2 U11 AOT 0 U30 U12 AOT 1 U31 The follow ing table is J12 pin out 12V 40 m A supply from
99. ny communication protocols For this example a protocol might look something like this gt 22MBI This character synchronizes all units and alerts them that the The protocol starts with the lt cr gt character next few characters coming down are address and data In this case gt 22 is the units address M is the command and B1 is the checksum The command is terminated with a lt cr gt character Response depends upon the nature of the command Suppose the command M means return a digital I O port status The RPC 2350 could read the port and respond with AA2 lt cr gt The first A is an acknowledge that is no errors were detected in the message The data A2 can be broken down as follows Bit line 76543210 Status 10100010 A2 Lines 1 5 and 7 are high while the others are low The following program fragment uses ON COMS in a network environment ON COMS generates an interrupt when a lt CR is received The interrupt program uses INSTR function to determine if the data packet was addressed to this card 10 CONFIG BAUD 2 7 4 0 2 20 CONFIG COM 2 13 0 0 1 30 ON COMS 2 GOSUB 1000 4 4 CHAPTER 4 40 UNITS gt 05 1000 PACKETS COMS 2 1010 A INSTR 0 PACKETS UNITS 1020 IF A 0 THEN RETURN Line 20 sets up ON COMS to interrupt on a CR and branch to line 1000 Line 40 sets up this card s address Line 1010 checks to see if the received message this card s address If not the
100. o lt CR gt s are received 3 Use labels after GOTO and GOSUB statements Do not assign line numbers except as noted in 4 below since they will change 4 ON GOTO and ON GOSUB cannot use labels The trick here is to assign a line number way high in the program count Then at these lines use GOTO label NOLINES BAS shows how this is done Use the AUTO statement to segment your program AUTO can number starting at any location This is useful to place ON GOTO and ON GOSUB locations AUTO is terminated when two sequential lt CR gt s are received PROGRAMMING TIPS Manuals can be full of information Sometimes it s overwhelming This section presents a few tips our customers have given us over the past 15 years Finding variables keywords and labels The FIND statement will search for program labels variable names or even command keywords Look in the CAMBA SIC Programming Manual for more information Faster shorter IF THEN s IF THEN statements are based on zero and non zero flags Consider the following program fragment a 5 if athen there executes quicker than a 5 ifa lt gt 0 then goto there Notice 2 elements are missing First is the inequality test lt gt Next is GOTO The program line is an implied GOTO Another variation is a 5 if a goto there The THEN is implied but you must supply the keyword CHAPTER 2 GOTO or GOS UB Use parenthesis or brackets When IF T
101. of the line itis positioned at the next lne An entire screen of small text will scroll up one line when the bottom line is printed followed by a lt LF gt character Medium sized characters are positioned based on graphical X and Y pixel position When printing a string characters automatically advance to the right by 10 pixels The X Y coordinates in the DISPLA Y command for medium characters specify the upper right corner of the character block Thus a DISPLAY M 2 3 command 15 4 CHAPTER 15 starts printing the character on the 3rd pixel to the right and 4th pixel down from the top coordinates start at 0 0 The largest character is positioned based on pixel and small character resolution The X position starts on the column based on the small character set Its range is 0 34 The Y position sets the top of the character Its range is 0 to 192 Thus you have 192 vertical points and 35 horizontal points to position a large character Medium and large characters are drawn as graphics This means they appear on the graphics layer The fonts for these characters are stored in Flash EPROM U3 If this EPROM is missing or W11 is removed the larger characters will display garbage Fonts can be modified as desired See Changing and loading fonts later in this chapter Printing normal and reverse characters Medium and large characters may be printed in normal white on black background and reverse black on white backg
102. ogram download When the RPC 2350 sends a gt prompt character it is saying OK to send the next line Standard Windows Hyper Term does not allow this Windows Terminal Procomm and PC SmartLink do If your terminal program does not allow for prompt characters during text transfers next best is to put a delay between sending lines as is done in HyperTerm and Terminal How much depends upon what you are sending If you are downloading a small program 1000 lines then 1 10 second is plenty of time If you are downloading data files then you may need more time depending upon the complexity The major penalty when downloading with delays is increased 2 3 SETUP AND OPERATION download time DOS mode Start your serial communication program PC SmartLink Procomm or other Set the COM port to the one you will be using Windows mode You may use either Windows 3 1 Terminal or Windows 95 HyperTerm communication programs For a fast setup use one of the following files CAMBASIC TRM Windows terminal CAMBASIC HT Hyper terminal Make sure you set the COM port number under Properties See Developing programs in Window s later in this section for more information on writing and editing program s FIRST TIME OPERATION Make sure your terminal is set up as described above Become familiar with the locations of the connectors before getting started See Figure 2 1 RPC 2350 jumpers have been set
103. ommand transfers data from RAM to Flash Fonts for the RPC 2350G are stored in Flash above program 1 starting at Flash address amp 1ACO00 this is segment 9 address amp AC 00 when using SAVE will affect any data storage plans you may have This will not interfere with your program but CHAPTER 5 A CAMBASIC program number and Flash segment when using SAVE are related by the following formula SAVE segment program 8 Keep track of where you are writing to Most programs will only use program area 0 Addresses above amp 9000 are always available in any program area However if you have many programs you will have to keep track of where you are saving data to make sure a program does not get clobbered LOAD is used to transfer data from Flash to RAM An example of data include arrays used in CAMBASIC This is explained further below Saving and Initializing Arrays and data Sometimes it is convenient to save an array of information to battery backed RAM and or F lash for retrieval later This is a handy way of storing recipes or tables of information for each job customer or process Arrays are initialized and filled by the basic program Then they are saved to either RAM or Flash EPROM The num ber and size of arrays that can be saved is limited only by available memory The saved arrays can be retrieved at any time How arrays are saved and retrieved depends upon what kind of memory you are saving to and load
104. pecific intervals in software See CLOCK 1 BAS for example program Jumper W 10 to enable interrupts CHAPTER 7 CALENDAR CLOCK W10 RTC Interrupt Figure 7 1 RTC interrupt jumper W10 Use the following table to set clock interrupt periods Value is written to I O port amp 14E Interrupt interval Value 1 second 6 1 minute 10 1 hour 14 Write these values to address amp 14E to set the interrupt period OUT amp 14E 10 Set interrupt period to 1 minute Write a 0 to address amp 14D to clear any interrupts before executing ON ITR 0 and while in the interrupt subroutine OUT amp 14D 0 Clear interrupt 7 9 COMMANDS The following is a list of CAMBASIC commands for the calendar clock Command Function CONFIG CLOCK Turns clock on or off Sets date DATES 0 Returns date TIME 0 Returns time ON ITR 0 Responds to interrupt CHAPTER 8 CHAPTER SYNOPSIS Brief description of analog input capabilities Acquiring analog data High voltage interfacing Converting analog readings to real world units Calibration Analog output discussion 4 20 mA output Analog power supply DESCRIPTION The RPC 2350 has eight single ended or four differential analog input channels than can be interfaced to external analog devices These channels can be used to measure voltages from transducers 4 20 mA current loops thermistors etc The converter re
105. play mode Flashes of light are even more noticeable on EL displays Sparkle is reduced by writing to controller memory during the update time Unfortunately this tends to slow display updates considerably Sparkle affects the RPC 2350G only when drawing medium and large size characters It is especially noticeable when printing in reverse Update time can be critical Typical times for printing 5 large characters is about 0 1 second with sparkle suppression Without sparkle the same characters are printed in about 0 020 seconds Medium size characters take 2 times longer to print with sparkle suppression than without Default CAMBASIC mode is minimum sparkle suppression can be temporarily turned off This is done by writing a 1 to the sparkle flag using SYS 14 Use the following program examples Sparkle POKE SYS 15 1 0 Fast w sparkle GRAPHIC DISPLAY PORT POKE SYS 15 0 0 Slow no sparkle There is an unfortunate paradox because of this Sparkle is most noticeable when displays are updated frequently 5 times second The problem is when you want them updated without sparkle it takes more time NOTE Sparkle suppression default CAMBASIC mode can be a problem when writing lots of text and when performing multitasking Writing text for 1 10 second means during this time all other interrupts are put on hold for that time interrupt latency You may have to sacrifice screen clarity for speed Sparkle m
106. ple below returns the status of the RTS line 100 B BIT 130 5 If B 1 transmission is held off You should check this line before executing a PRINT 2 statement If transmission is held off the print buffer PRINT 2 command will hang until the buffer accepts all characters in the program line can become full This may give the appearance of the program locking up or running very slowly This could also result in a deadly embrace situation where the receiving device is expecting some other condition before it will receive characters The CTS line may be set high or low to control communication from a device when using RS 232 This line is also used in RS 422 485 communication at P3 or J3 to control transmitter output When using RS 232 communications you may have to initialize the CTS output to high to allow the sender to transmit The examples below show how this is done Line 400 sets CTS low and 500 sets it high 400 BIT 128 4 1 500 BIT 128 4 0 A low condition is supposed to hold offa device Some devices do not recognize CTS output so this may be a mute point CTS is used for RS 422 485 communications to turn Use CONFIG BAUD to not only set the baud rate but also the type of communication protocol CAMBASIC takes care of the CTS line for RS 422 and RS 485 on off the transmitter The CONFIG BAUD statement sets both serial ports for baud rate and type RS 232 RS 422 and RS 485 for COM2 XON
107. put from the D A 15 3 GRAPHIC DISPLAY PORT Manual ty I W3 l Software Figure 15 2 Jumper W3 detail After the board is powered up execute the following CAMBASIC statement AOT 1 2048 This sets the D A output to OV This code should also be placed in the initialization section of your program The D A has 12 bit resolution This translates to 4096 possible voltages from 5 to 5V or about 2 4 mV step This resolution is far too fine to be noticed Noticeable changes in contrast start in steps of 200 counts Using the AOT command you can step up or down to increase or decrease screen brightness The following examples show a relative screen change for different voltage values AOT 1 3000 AOT 1 2000 Decrease brightness Increase brightness At some point an increase in brightness swamps out the contrast PRINTING TEXT The GRAPDEMO BAS program shows the different ways of printing all text characters and graphics Run this program to see how it works NOTE Medium and large characters use Flash EPROM in U3 to store fonts Make sure W11 is installed There are 3 text sizes Small 2 88 mm or 0 11 tall medium 5 76 mm or 0 22 tall and large 17 28 mm or 0 68 tall sizes are based on 0 36 mm dot pitch Standard is small This font is built into the graphics controller All fonts are fixed space not proportional Smallest font is 8 x 8 pixels Medium font is 10 wide by 16 tall The GRAPHIC DI
108. puts are controlled by Port B on the 82C55 Its address is 65 Logic outputs from this port are inverted That is when a l is written to the high current port the output is switched on and goes low The output driver chip U20 can be replaced with a DIP shunt jumper so it is like the other lines at J3 NOTE Outputs at the high current lines are not compatible with TTL logic levels and should not be used to drive other logic devices Each of the high current outputs can sink 100 mA at 50V Two lines from the high current port Port B 0 and 1 are used when the keypad is scanning 24 keys These lines at J3 8 and 10 may not be used for control purposes WARNING External supplies using the high current outputs must be tied to J3 pin 26 and NOT the power connector Failure to do so can produce a ground loop and cause erratic operation The thermal time constant of U20 is very short so the number of outputs that are on at any one time should 6 2 CHAPTER 6 include those that overlap even for a few milliseconds Incandescent lamps have a cold current of 11 times its operating current Lamps requiring more than 50 mA should not be used Protection diodes must be used with inductive loads Refer to figure 6 2 Supply to high current output Figure 6 2 Inductive load protection This could result in damage since outputs do not share current equally Do not parallel outputs for higher drive Hi
109. puts program listing Calls subroutine on serial input Outputs data in various formats Sets serial port parameters Serial I O for external IC s Tabs to predetermined positions CHAPTER 4 SERIAL CABLE PIN OUT The following is the pin out between the IDC connector for the RPC 2350 and the DB 9 connector to the PC or terminal Transmit Out RTS In Receive In Ground Note that CTS and RTS are not available on Jl e E The VTC 9 serial cable is a simple one to one connection between a 10 pin IDC connector and 9 pin IDC DSUB SERIAL PORTS CHAPTER 5 CHAPTER SYNOPSIS Battery backup description Where and how to store variables Saving and retrieving data from F lash Installing 512K RAM Discussion about corrupted data DESCRIPTION The RP C 2350 is usually installed with 128K of RAM in socket U2 An optional 512K can be installed RAM is battery backed on both models This chapter discusses saving and retrieving variables from RAM and Flash EPROM and running assembly language programs If program and data are battery backed the UNNEW command may be used to try to restore the program Variables used by the Basic program are cleared however Certain variables are preserved and data POKEd into RAM is saved Figure 5 1 Memory location BATTERY BACKUP Battery life is about 3 years 27 000 hours See additional information a few paragraphs below Battery Bl is use
110. r Figure 11 1 Watchdog timer jumper 12 1 WATCHDOG TIMER Watchdog time is determined by jumper W1 Use the following table to set a timeout W1 Pins Typical Range timeout 1 2 sec 500 mS to 2 Sec no jumper 600 ms 250 mS to 1000 mS 150ms ms WARNING Once the watchdog timer is enabled it can only be disabled by a BIT amp E4 0 0 in the program If the watchdog timer is running and the program stops for 62 5 to 250 mS any reason program error or lt Esc gt key hit the card will reset You can recover the program by typing UNNEW PROGRAM EXAMPLES The following program fragments enable the watchdog timer reset it while the program is running and then disables it 100 OUT E4 1 Turn on watchdog 5000 OUT amp E8 0 7000 A AIN N Reset timer Reset timer 10000 OUT E4 0 Turn off watchdog CHAPTER 13 CHAPTER SYNOPSIS Discusses types of interrupts Interrupt priority DESCRIPTION Interrupts on the RPC 2350 can be broken down into two general groups Hardware and software Hardware interrupts are INT 0 and INT 1 Software interrupts include ON COM ON TICK ON KEYPAD and others that require software to execute Technically timer and com munications are also hardware interrupts These are supported through software and are considered software interrupts The NMI hardware interrupt is brought out to the expansion connector It is not supported by CAMBAS
111. r The mating connector terminal housing part number is 22 01 3077 Crimp terminal part numbers are 08 50 0114 tin plate or 08 55 0102 gold A low cost crimping tool is 63811 1000 Parts and tools are available from Digi Key 800 344 4539 or www digikey com Other housings and terminals are available such as high pressure Refer toa Molex data book for more information AMP MT connectors such as 87499 1 can also be used They fit but are not polarized SERIAL PORT FILE NUMBERS CAM BASIC references the serial I O ports by file numbers The following table lists the corresponding file number to serial I O port and how they are used with the various ports COMI 1 Examples PRINT Hello PRINT 1 Hello INPUT AS AS INKEYS 1 PRINT 2 Hello INPUT 2 A A INKEYS 2 4 6 CHAPTER 4 COMI is Jl the console port COM2 is J4 the primary port COMMANDS The following is a list of CAMBASIC commands used for serial I O Some variations are not listed here Refer to the CAMBA SIC Programming Manual for more information Function CLEAR COM Clears serial input buffer COMS Returns string from buffer CONFIG BREAK CONFIG BAUD O Prevents lt ESC gt from stopping the program Configures port for ON COM n interrupt CONFIG COM INKEY INPUT LIST ON COM PRINT Returns a character from the serial buffer Receives string or number from port Out
112. r of bytes POKE amp PEEK DPOKE amp DPEEK FPOKE amp FPEEK 1 maximum string length 32 9600 bytes DISPLAY LOAD POKES amp PEEK Grap hic Program SYS 0 Size The mathematics for keeping track of addresses can get quite messy It all depends upon your data structure If you are trying emulate a structure in C or vectors in JAVA you will have some math to access the right data The demonstration program LOGGE R BAS logs at over 2000 points using the structure below Suppose you are logging a process and need to store the following types of information periodically Name Type Bytes Date String 9 Time String 9 Temperature Float 4 Tick time Float 4 Level word 2 First add up the total num ber of bytes needed For this DATA MEMORY structure it is 28 Next assign variable names to the offsets in memory data begins Name Pointing to Value DSET Date string 0 TSET Time string 9 TPSET Temperature 18 PSET Tick time 22 LSET Level 26 This is simply done by making a variable equal to a number For example PSET 22 NOTE The word SET does not have any significance other than naming the variable You will need a pointer to track the number of data sets structures saved You will also have to check this pointer to make sure you are not exceeding the maximum amount of memory Use one of the protected variables A Z as the pointer This way if power disappears the poin
113. r screen displays DISPLAY OFF blanks the display It is turned on by executing 15 8 CHAPTER 15 DISPLAY ON NOTE Display ON OFF does not control its power See DISPLAY POWER ON OFF below You can turn on or off graphics and character displays by entering the appropriate letter after ON or OFF DISPLAY OFF G turns off the graphics screen NOTE The cursor will continue to blink even if you turn off the display Execute a CONFIG DISPLAY 0 8 0 before writing to the display to turn off the cursor You can manually control the cursor and screens See Screen flashing and screen ON OFF above Display power ON OFF The display can enter a power off mode the controller manual calls it Sleep In This mode shuts off the controller signals Bias power to the display is supposed to be removed However it is not on the RPC 2350 Bias power cannot be removed since is supplies power to RS 232 analog input and outputs Therefore do not enter a display power OFF mode Some power can be saved by turning off the LCD back light The ground lead must be connected to P2 terminal marked SWPWR On off control is performed by executing the following command OUT amp E7 1 To turn the inverter off execute OUT amp E7 0 Display mapping The following information is for programmers who understand how the SED 1335 chip works and want to put it into modes not supported by CAMBASIC The following is the memory map se
114. receive the entire program Downloading a program requires transmitting an ASCII file CAMBASIC is an incremental line compiler As you type in or download a line CAMBASIC compiles that line complexity and how many line of code have been entered The time to compile a line depends upon its CAMBASIC must finish compiling a line before starting the next one When a line is compiled a gt character is sent by the card This should be your terminal programs pacing character when downloading a program If your communications program cannot look for a pacing prompt set it to delay transmission after each line is sent A 100 ms delay is usually adequate but your CAMBASIC program may be long and complex and require more time A result of a short delay time is missing or garbled program lines COM 1 on the RPC 2350 does not recognize the CTS or RTS lines The CTS line is pulled high on the RPC 2350 The effect of not recognizing these lines is your PC or terminal cannot hold off the RPC 2350 s transmission Converse the RP C 2350 cannot hold off the host from sending it data DEVELOPING PROGRAMS IN WINDOWS Programs can be completely written and downloaded using programs normally available in Microsoft Windows The two programs you need are a terminal program HyperTerm or Terminal and an editing program Notepad Wordpad Word etc Both programs can be open at the same time making editing and changing just that much ea
115. rk around is to duplicate or triplicate values That is you would have to save the same information in two or three different places Usually you only need to save the pointers to data structures When you are writing arrays of data such as shown in LOG GER BA S the sequence your program should follow is this Write datato RAM Update the pointer This pointer could be in duplicate or triplicate This way you only loose one set of data When you are saving only one set of data the following applies For purposes of discussion data variables are called sets because it can consist of a mixture of variables strings and arrays On power up your program would compare values from one set to the other one or two If the two or three agreed then there was no corruption and the program can reliably use the values In practice you would read information from set 1 but would save data to all two or three The use of duplicate or triplicate sets depends upon what the system must or can do if data is corrupted When using a duplicate set a corrupted set indicates that DATA MEMORY default values from the program should be used since it is uncertain if the first or second set is corrupted Both data sets would then be re initialized A triplicate set is used to recover the last set or indicate that the data in the first set is valid The procedure and logic is as follows Data is written to each element in a set in a specifi
116. rogram is used to talk with the RPC 2350 R5485 Network port Counter Encoder Expansion COM 2 Serial COM 1 Serial Digital JO SPI Port LCD character Port CHAPTER 2 board All programming and initial communication between the RPC 2350 and outside world is done through RS 232 The terminal program you use depends upon the operating environment The vast majority of environments are PC s operating either DOS or Microsoft Windows If you are using another operating environment then just read All terminal programs below and set up your terminal program accordingly All terminal programs Set communication parameters to Baud rate 19200 Data length 8 Parity none Stop bits 1 The RP C 2350 does not send a CTS signal on its communication port If your terminal or communications software requires this or other signals DCD DSR you may have to tie them to the appropriate levels You can probably ignore these lines in software Windows Terminal and Hyper Terminal PC SmartLink or Procomm does not need them Set handshake control to none or OFF as appropriate Default communication method between the RP C 2350 and PC 1s RS 232 ASCII This includes file upload and download Other protocols such as XMOD EM are not used A terminal program should be able to recognize a prom pt character A prom pt character is used to control a transfer when sending a file as is done during a pr
117. round This is done by specifying the R parameter in the DISPLAY command DISPLAY M R 0 0 REVERSE DISPLAY M 0 16 NORMAL The semi colon You may or may not notice a semi colon after some but not all DISPLAY and PRINT 10 statements A 5 suppresses a lt CR lt LES display and serial ports A comma works in a sequence to the similar fashion except a number of spaces are printed while it tabs to the next location The display driver was designed so when printing small characters the screen acted like a terminal display Thus a lt CR gt lt LF gt cursor down one line sequence simply moved the Medium and large characters do not operate this way A CR or lt LF gt are simply treated as spaces Unless you include a at the end of a DISPLAY M or DISPLAY L type line you will effectively print two more blocks of characters This is especially notic eable in the reverse display mode Scrolling Small text automatically scrolls up 1 line when it reaches the bottom of the screen Thus the display acts like a terminal CHAPTER 15 Scroll up time may be an important factor It takes about 65 mS to move all 1160 characters of the text up one line CHANGING AND LOADING FONTS Medium and lar ge size character fonts are stored in Flash EPROM U3 You can change or customize the fonts using the supplied programs and a Windows bitmap graphics program such as PC Paint Brush If U3 i
118. s missing damaged or W11 is removed garbage characters will be displayed You can change and load fonts using the programs suppliedin the demo disk They are under the FONT directory Supplied are all of the BMP files used to create each character They are named as Lxxx BMP or Mxxx BMP An L prefix specifies a large character and an M prefix is for medium The number following this letter is the ASCII value Thus M65 BMP is a medium sized letter A Modification instructions are in a README file in the directory Read this if you want to modify the characters Characters sizes are fixed at 10 x 16 for medium and 32 x 48 for large DRAWING POINTS AND LINES There are two basic commands used for drawing lines and points DISPLAY LINE DISPLAY P Both commands have a counter part to clear lines and points CLEAR DISPLAY LINE CLEAR DISPLAY P Drawing range is from 0 0 to 329 239 Coordinates are shown in the figure below 15 5 GRAPHIC DISPLAY PORT 0 0 4A 329 00 0 2397 N 329 239 Figure 15 2 The demo program CIRCLE BAS draws a circle using point set DISPLAY P x y Minimal range checking is performed If a point does not show up or is in the wrong place chances are either the X or Y parameter is wrong CLEAR FILL AND XOR AREAS You can clear erase fill or XOR toggle a rectangular area using one of the display com mands DISPLAY F x1 y1 x2 y2 Fills an area
119. s the AIN command If your format needs are different there is a CAMBASIC program SPIDEMO2 BAS that you can use as a basis to read and write to other SPI devices Comm and format is a SPl channel out length data delay in length Where channel 0 to2 the SPI channel number out length 0 to 16 data output length in bits When zero no data is shifted out data can be any value but must be included data 0 to 65 535 command data to send to SPI device delay time to wait before retrieving information from SPI port Time in micro seconds is calculated as follows time delay 1 1 4 If 0 there is no delay Use 0 if there is no data to retrieve ie sending to D A in length 0 to 16 data input length in bits Will return a number from 0 to 65535 The table below shows the location of SPI device selects A device is selected when a line goes low SPI port number 0 Analog input U10 Location 4 5 SERIAL PORTS The table below is the pin out for SPI port J11 Description Pin No Clock output to device Serial data to external device Serial data from external device screen select SPI 2 select active low SPI 1 select active low Used for touch 5V supply Ground Pin No cos SPI Port connector type information The SPI port connector header is a Molex Waldom type Its part number is 22 23 2071 Thisisa 0 1 center 0 025 post connecto
120. sed as a general purpose digital I O port connector Figure 9 1 J5 keypad connector location When 24 keys are scanned U19 port B bits 0 and 1 are used for scanning These lines also go to the high current buffer U 20 and on to J3 pins 8 and 10 If you are using the high current port also do not use these two lines 9 1 KEYPAD PORT PROGRAMMING THE KEYPAD Sixteen and 24 position keypads use all of port C at U19 The 24 position keypad use and additional 2 lines from port B Port B drives the high current sink U20 are using the high current driver or have replaced it If you with a DIP shunt jumper lines at J3 8 and J3 10 are not usable with a 24 position keypad only U19 keypad port IC must be configured using the CON FIG PIO command Some ports are optional depending upon what you want to connect to it Use the table below to help determine what a port should be input or output when using a keypad Function Configuration LCD character driver General purpose TTL VO Output Output or input High current sink Output When using 24 keypad Output Output or input Use 16 position keypad or general purpose TTL VO LC Keypad row inputs Input Keypad column Output Check the table above to determine what you will be using The Configuration column describes what that port should be set to The ON KEYPA DS multitasking statement initializes the operating system to use the keypad It tel
121. sed for differential inputs 2 Differential mode 0 to 5V input CONFIG AIN chan 0 1 chan can be 0 2 4 or 6 The input may range from 0 to 5V However if the input is more positive than the input the result will always be zero The result from the AIN function is 0 for a difference of 0 000V and 4095 for a difference of 4 9988V 3 Single ended 2 5V input CONFIG AIN chan 1 0 CHAPTER 8 The input range is 2 5V to 2 5V The result from an AIN function is 0 for 2 500V 2048 for 0 000V and 4095 for 2 4998V 4 Differential 2 5V input CONFIG AIN chan 0 0 The input ranges from 2 5V to 2 5V The result is the difference of the two voltages AIN will return 0 for a difference of 2 500V 2048 for a difference of 0 000V and 4095 fora difference of 2 498V ACQUIRING ANALOG DATA Once the analog input is initialized the AIN function is used to acquire data The syntax is S AIN ch Where ch channel number 0 7 This command reads the voltage and returns a number from 0 to 4095 to the variable S The number returned corresponds to the voltage input and the type the channel was configured for To convert the returned numbers to a voltage use the following formulas 5V Unipolar 2 5 A 0 00122 AIN channel A 0 00244 AIN channel 5 Bipolar The AIN function requires about 500 micro Sec onds to convert a channel of data Additional time is needed to store th
122. sier Just switch between the two programs using lt Alt lt Tab or clicking the task bar Versions of Word will not let the terminal program open the file you are working on Y ou actually have to close the file in Word before you can download it 2 6 CHAPTER 2 The following setup files are on the 2350 applications disk Use these to quickly set up your terminal CAMBASIC TRM Windows terminal CAMBASIC HT Hyper terminal You may have to change the COM port to match your system These set up files put the terminal in the following configuration Baud 19200 Parity none Data 8 bits Stop 1 bit Flow None Line delay 0 01 sec Do NOT use FIFO buffers in HyperTerm Editing downloading and pasting are easy using Notepad or Wordpad These pro grams allow you to edit a program save it then download itusing HyperTerm Download code using text transfers To change a portion of code you can make the change then copy the new line In HyperTerm select Edit then Paste to Host and the new line will be sent Terminal does not have this feature If you are writing code without line num bers be sure to put the line num ber in first In all cases you will have to hit lt Enter gt to finish the line When you save a program be sure to save it as a text file Wordpad tends to be a little more annoying than Notepad because it always asks you what kind of file to save it as Notepad does not These programs may append a
123. speed counter or quadrature encoder The 24 bit counters are capable of up down binary divide by n and quadrature inputs Count frequency is DC to 20 MHZ The type of counter is an LSI Computer Systems LS7166 Its data sheet is in Appendix A and on disk as LS7166 PDF COUNT 8 is used to read the counter The OUT command is used to write and program the chip An interrupt using ON ITR 1 may be detected on a carry or borrow A high voltage input such as a signal from a proximity sensor may be connected to one of the inputs Signals connect via J10 All input lines are pulled high through 10K input resistors A quadrature encoder may be connected directly to J10 A count is incremented when the signal at the A input goes from low to high J10 Counter in pulse outputs Figure 14 1 Counter and jumper location 14 3 MULTI MODE COUNTER COUNTER INPUTS AND OUTPUTS The counter chip has four inputs and two outputs Reference is made to the LS7166 counter registers These registers are in Appendix A at the end of this manual Two of the inputs designated as A and B are counter inputs The ICR input control register controls the function of these inputs Encoders switches and other such devices are connected to these inputs These inputs are very high speed If you are going to use a mechanical switch it is best to debounce it first or use the high voltage input described below The A input J10 9
124. subroutine ends When there is a match further processing is performed An application program 485TST BAS filters out control codes such ass LF and CR atthe start of the message Since CONFIG COM set up a communication interrupt on a lt CR your sending device can also send a lt LF gt 485TST BAS also checks for communication errors Its main purpose is to detect communication errors but it also acts as a good foundation for a communication program 485NET BAS is a simple networking program To test it out jumper W4 2 3 temporarily After the program is running connect your terminal to J4 Instructions are printed when the program is first run ACCESSING SERIAL BUFFERS You can access COMI and COM 2 buffers in three ways 1 INPUT statement the buffer up to the terminator character and puts This removes all characters in them into a variable When using the INPUT statement program execution is suspended until a lt cr Enter key is received Whether this is a problem depends on your particular application INPUT strips bit 7 on the COMI port This means ASCII characters from 0 to 127 are received The INPUT statement can return a maximum string length of about 150 characters 2 INKEYS n function ata time A null string is returned when the buffer Characters are removed one CHAPTER 4 SERIAL PORTS is empty In this mode you have access to the full 256 bytes If you don t read t
125. t It is several counts off at about 8 kHz If you average the latency some counts will be larger than others counts it will be accurate Another problem with this routine is periodically a large negative number is returned This is because the counter has rolled over This is corrected by periodically resetting the CNTR Program CNTR2 BAS sets up the LS7166 to cause an interrupt when a preset number of counts is reached W7 2 3 is jumpered to interrupt on a borrow To reload the count bring the LDCTR line J10 6 low When the count is 0 again another interrupt is generated You can also count up provided you bring counter line B J10 8 low while counter line A is high 14 5 MULTI MODE COUNTER CNT R3 BAS interfaces to a quadrature encoder in x1 mode The counter is pre loaded to 100 NOTE See CAMBASIC resolution limit below CAMBASIC resolution limit CAM BASIC stores num bers to 7 digits exponent The counter outputs numbers to 8 digits This means that when the counter counts down from 0 to 1677215 CAMBASIC will store it as 1 67721E 7 The last digit is dropped You can compensate for this easily by introducing an offset Preload the counter to some number say 100 000 This becomes the zero point When the count is below this number the counter is in negative territory See CNTR4 BAS Program CNTRS BAS reads the counter in Basic not using COUNT 8 and prints the value in hex format This
126. ter is stillin tact Protected variables can also be used to keep track of the segment used to store data in A sample CAMBASIC line to store data is FPOKE A 28TPSET value B This example uses A as the pointer and B to track the segment number TPSET and B could just as easily be constants This structure will save 2340 elements in 64K of RAM Therefore you should test A for a limit of 2340 once each loop A 512K RAM can store up to 7 segments Therefore B is checked for a value of 8 or more at the end of this loop If your data requirements are more than available RAM you can store some in F lash You will have to first write the data to RAM first then save to flash Flash is also used to save critical information However Flash will wear out after 1 000 to 10 000 writes You will probably have to make an initial guess at your 5 4 CHAPTER 5 program size As a practical fact no more than about 34K of program can run at one time This leaves about 30K in the first Flash segment and at least this amount in the 2nd Use the SAVE command to transfer data to Flash You can start saving at address amp 8400 and not interfere If you SAVE to segment 9 and are using graphics on the RPC 2350G larger fonts are stored starting at address AC00 Put a limit check at this address When a 512K Flash is installed segments 2 7 are available if there are no other programs in them with the first program
127. terrupt source before executing a RETURN ITR n Hardware service routines require a RETURN ITR n at This will re enable the particular interrupt If for some reason you do not want the end of the subroutine the interrupt again you can just RETURN Some applications may actually require a delayed RETURN ITR This is true if you are monitoring a slow moving pulse at the counter When an interrupt is generated the low signal output may not go away by the time the interrupt is finished You can simply set a flag to let the main routine know later to re enable the interrupt when the condition is gone See CNTR2 BAS for an example Later you can execute RETURN ITR n to re enable it The CLOCK1 BAS routine shows how interrupt 0 is used INTI is available at J10 2 It is active low level sensitive and is used in conjunction with the counter carry or borrow output or an external signal applied to J10 NOTE Interrupts are frequently turned off while CAMBASIC runs certain time critical code Times when interrupts are turned off include graphic display writing when sparkle is on brief periods when servicing communication interrupts and writing to Flash Normally a pulse 10 micro Seconds wide can cause an interrupt However if you are saving to flash or to the graphics screen the pulse should be 100 micro Seconds to ensure capture NOTE Interrupt 0 and 1 are level sensitive As long as the line is low another interrupt will be ca
128. ters for the keypad Lines 500 to 730 process the key press If a C or is pressed it is an exception and is handled that way Otherwise the character is displayed and stored Lines 700 to 730 process the enter key The enter flag FL is set to a 1 to indicate to another part of the program that B has complete data The KEYPA D 0 function returns a single character string that has been assigned to a particular key Characters are assigned using the SYS 8 statement Keypad Commands There are several keypad commands See the table at the end of this chapter KEYPAD PORT PIN OUT J5 The keypad port uses port C from an 82C55 Lower port C is configured as an input Upper port C are outputs CHAPTER 9 The table below lists J5 s pin out 82C55 port and bit and its intended function Pin 82C55 Function Port bit U19 1 C 0 Row 1 2 Column 3 3 C 5 Column 2 4 Row 2 5 C 2 Row 3 6 Column 1 7 C 7 Column 4 8 Row 4 9 Column 5 m Ground is not used COMMANDS The following is a list of CAMBASIC commands for the keypad Command Function CONFIG PIO Configures digital I O port Input data from a keypad INPUT KEYPAD KEYPA D n Returns last key from keypad port ON KEYPAD 16 ON KEYPAD 24 Causes a program branch when a key is pressed SYS 8 Returns keypad string address to modify characters CHAPTER 10 CHAPTER SYNOPSIS Differences between R
129. the Flash to store the program and then transfer it to RAM segment 0 However this is probably more effort In all cases it is best to load code into RAM from a secure source such as Flash EPROM Even though RAM is battery backed over time there is the possibility it could be corrupted Below is an example of loading and running an assembly language program 100 FOR N amp FBOO TO amp FBOC 110 READ A 120 POKE N A 130 NEXT 900 DATA amp DB 2 amp 47 amp E6 amp FE amp D3 910 DATA 2 amp 78 amp F6 1 amp D3 2 amp C9 2000 CALL amp FBOO Lines 100 to 130 load the program into RAM DATA statements may be entered manually CHAPTER 5 Line 2000 calls the program listed below It toggles J2 line 13 IN LD AND OUT LD OR OUT RET A 2 B A OFEH 2 A A B 1 2 A EXAMPLE PROGRAMS The following is a list of CAMBASIC programs used to save and load data to and from RAM and Flash Name Function ARRAYI BAS Moves floating point array data around RAM ARRAY2 BAS Reads and writes array data to and from RAM and Flash FLASH BAS Writes to and reads data from Flash LOGGER BAS Data logs to RAM prints out results 5 7 DATA MEMORY COMMANDS The following is a list of CAM BASIC commands used with RAM Command Function CALL Calls an assembly language routine CLEAR Clears and allocates string space PEEK Returns a byte DPEEK Returns a 16 b
130. the VT C 9 Check to make sure something is not shorting the output 4 Check the serial parameters on your PC or terminal They should be set to 19200 baud no parity 8 data bits 1 stop If all of this fails call technical support listed at the front of the book CHAPTER 3 CHAPTER SYNOPSIS Saving programs to Flash Retrieving programs from F lash Load and run two programs Autorun on reset or power up Installing 128K or 512K Flash DESCRIPTION Two to 8 programs can be storedin socket U3 U3 normally has a 29C010A Flash type EPROM which stores 2 programs Its capacity is 128K bytes U3 socket can accept a 29C040A type EPROM This type has 512K byte capacity and can store up to 8 programs You can store two to eight programs up to a maximum size of about 33K bytes each A general rule to determine program storage requirements is one line requires 40 bytes 32K bytes would store over 800 lines of code Your application could be significantly more or less depending upon the number of commands line comments and print statements Another indication of program size is to use the file length as saved on a PC disk The 29C 010A 128K Flash can store 2 programs while the 29C040A 512K stores up to 8 programs Despite the fact you have 128K or 512K RAM installed the maximum program size CAMBASIC can run is about 33K leaving room for variable storage Programs can be chained however When programs are c
131. the program will stop assuming you have not trapped them with ON ERROR and display the error message PREVENTING AUTORUN When troubleshooting or maintaining a program it s not This is especially true if the program has been configured to always convenient for an autoexecute file to run ignore the lt ESC gt key To prevent autorun remove jumper W11 Later ifyou wish to SAVE or LOAD a program reinstall this jumper You may do so even if the power is on and a program is running Remember to discharge 3 2 CHAPTER 3 any static electricity before installing or removing the jumper Another way to prevent autorun is to remove the signature bytes from Flash This is done by writing amp FF s into Flash address 0 and 1 segment 8 Use the following steps to do this dpoke amp 8000 amp ffff save 8 0 0 0 amp 8000 2 This will overwrite the first 128 to 256 bytes of code and prevent autorun LOADING PROGRAMS There are times when you may wish to temporarily modify or otherwise test outa change to a program Since the program is loaded into RAM modifications can be made without affecting the program in EPROM If you find out that modifications are not desirable or did not work youcan restore the original program to RAM using the LOAD command This version of CAMBASIC can link and run 2 programs with a 128K or 8 with 512K flash Because of this linking ability you should do some things during development to li
132. this purpose analog output 1 may not be used for other purposes including 4 20 Ma output IC Installation The figure below shows where D A IC s are installed 8 5 ANALOG I O 9 Ull U12 Jumper block Output 0 Output W12 Opt coutastcoute Cmtynt vola qs mage LCD paplis Figure 8 3 Analog output IC s jumper and connector Analog output IC s are Analog Devices AD7248 type This part may be ordered under Remote Processing Part number 1454 Follow these steps to install analog output IC s 1 Turn off power to the board 2 Orient board as shown above Orient IC so pin 1 notch on IC is towards the top of the board 3 Install IC into appropriate socket U11 for channel 0 U12 for channel 1 4 Set jumper W12 for desired output voltage You are now ready to power up the board Programming voltage output The AOT command is used to send data to an analog output The syntax is 10 E mY Om ms N BOS E KOY m i 9 Figur 12 detail o 8 4 Jumper AOT channel value Where channel specifies the analog channel to write data to ANALOG I O and can be either 0 or 1 channel 0 is on pin 17 and 1 is on pin 19 value is the value to output from 0 to 4095 Use the following table to convert from a desired voltage to a value Range Form ula value V 819 0 to 5V 0 to 10V value V 409 5 5 to 5V value V 409 5 2047 5 The result of the formula produces a
133. tton to simulate an autorun NEVER start with program 1 LOAD 1 then have it load program 0 There are other do s and don ts precautions and limitations to linking They are discussed below Program size The first autorun program run MUST be larger than the second linked program This is because variables and data are stored above the program If the second program was longer it would wipe them out To simply increase program size add comments Multi tasking All multitasking ON BIT ON COM COUNT etc and interrupts are disabled and multi tasking data cleared hash table is zeroed out when a program is linked You must re enable them in your code The reason for this is the operating system stores the address not line number to execute When you chan ge programs addresses change You can save some selected data by writing it to a variable For example the current count can be saved just before you LOAD 1 RUN You will need to re enable the count when you enter the program DATA statements Use RESTORE to reset the DATA statement pointer every time you enter a program if you are using DATA statements Linking within the program To link to another program execute LOAD n RUN on itsown line Do not putany other code after it Do not make it as part of a conditional statement as in IF A N THEN LOAD 1 RUN If you link within a subroutine DO UNTIL or FOR NEXT execute EXIT CLEAR before LOAD 2250 G
134. wing example reads a switch at port A bit 3 J2 25 reads an opto module at channel 1 and writes an opto module at channel 5 A LED is controlled at J2 10 port B bit 0 200 D BIT 0 3 Get status port A 210 F OPTO 101 Read opto module ch 1 220 OPTO 103 0N write module 3 230 BIT 1 0 0 turn on J2 10 240 BIT 1 0 1 turn off J2 10 250 A LINE 103 Reads pin 3 at J2 260 LINE 4 1 Set line 4 to 1 Figure 6 3 IDC pin out viewed from top DIGITAL LINES Connector pin out J2 J2 82C55 ENE CUN E EA Pin A eee Port bit EA ET 33 PA m 25 A 3 22 A 5 18 A T 15 10 B 0 16 B 1 17 4 B 2 18 19 20 21 22 N APE 6 4 CHAPTER 6 Connector pin out J3 J3 82C55 Alternate function Opto Pin Port Bit Channel 19 A 0 LCD port J6 8 LCD port J6 9 LCD port J6 10 LCD port J6 11 LCD port J6 12 LCD port J6 13 LCD port J6 14 LCD port J6 15 High curr Keypad 16 High curr keypad 17 High current 18 High current 19 High current 20 High current 21 High current 22 High current 23 Shared w J5 keypad Shared w J5 keypad Shared w J5 keypad Shared w J5 keypad Shared w J5 keypad Shared w J5 keypad Shared w J5 keypad Shared w J5 keypad Ur PEEL ELE ELLE CHAPTER 6 COMMANDS The following table lists CAMBASIC commands used for digital TO Command Function Function returns status of bit at an I O address Comm and sets a bit at an I O address CONFIG
135. written this required a quick check on the year If it was not 99 then you assumed it was some time in the 20 s 7 8 CHAPTER 7 The clock will roll over on December 31 1999 at 23 59 59 to January 1 2000 with no problems CAMBASIC operating system does not use or need any real time clock values for its operation A clock is not needed in order for CAMBASIC to operate The clock compensates for leap year in 2000 Should you expect this product to work into the 22nd century it will add a leap day in the year 2100 also This of course is not supposed to happen until the year 2400 If you think your program will be working in the year 2100 you will have to compensate for this by resetting the date when read as February 29 2100 to March 1 2100 CLOCK INTERRUPTS The RTC may be programmed to generate interrupts at 1 second 1 minute or 1 hour intervals Longer interrupt intervals are convenient especially when ON TICK interrupts are running An interrupt is generated when the real time clock counters increment the unit of time selected for the interrupt interval Most of the time the first interrupt will be shorter than the interval period selected For example suppose you want to interrupt every minute If the real time clock s seconds were at 45 the first interrupt will occur in 15 seconds Interrupts will then occur every minute Operation is similar for hourly interrupts The clock is programmed to interrupt at s
136. xtended memory RAM into CAMBASIC and back INSTALLING 512K RAM A 512K RAM part number 1039 can be installed in U2 The additional RAM allows you to increase data storage not program size Follow these steps to install RAM 1 Turn off power to the board Remove existing IC from U2 3 Install the 512K RAM Make sure pin 1 is oriented towards the board edge Pin 1 will be marked with a dot or notch on top 4 Move jumper W2 1 2 to 2 3 5 5 DATA MEMORY You are now ready to power up the board You can now PEEK and POKE data into segments 1 7 CORRUPTED VARIABLES When your application must rely on the accuracy of data after power up corrupted variables become a possibility The nature of RAM is it is easily written to Any POKE d data is susceptible to corruption This is U26 monitors the supply voltage and turns off writing when it especially true when the board is powered down is below about 4 65 volts However when POKE ing long data such as strings and floating point numbers or writing to Flash a power down could interrupt a saving process The result is information is corrupted A scenario is explained below A program is running and saving data During this time a reset occurs A reset can occur due to power loss someone pushing the reset button or a watchdog timer time out The data is corrupted because the complete value was not saved Since it is impossible to predictor delay a reset a wo

Remote Processing Coorporation RPC-320 User`s manual

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