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P/N 940450C1 Model 450, 450E, 450P

1. HAZMAT teams nuclear medicine labs hospital radiation safety officers and nuclear power industry Radiation Safety High sensitivity measurements of exposure and exposure rate Available with dose equivalent energy response SI units Fast response to measure radiation from leakage scatter beams and pinholes Ergonomic anti fatigue handle with replaceable grip and wrist strap Sliding shield for alpha and beta discrimination Excel add in for Windows for data logging and selection of instrument operating parameters optional Low noise chamber bias supply for fast background settling time Bright highly visible colors Easy touch keys Features e Ideal for a wide range of applications including NDT x ray and environmental Battery operated Auto ranging and auto zeroing RS 232 communications interface Measures rate and dose simultaneously Tripod mount for stationary area monitor applications Freeze mode indicates peak reading Programmable flashing display and audible alarm Automatic ultra bright LCD Excel add in for Windows optional Specifications Radiation detected Alpha above 4 MeV Beta above 100 keV and Gamma above 7 keV Operating ranges OtoSmR h or Oto 50 pSv h Oto50mR h or 0 to 500 uSv h Oto 500 mR h or 0 to 5 mSv h 0 to 5 R h or Ito 50 mSv h 0 to 50 R h or 0to 500 mSv h Accuracy Within 10 of reading between 10 and 100 of full scale indication on any
2. display do not always show the same reading because the bargraph is faster than the digital update It is more convenient to watch the bargraph when the reading is changing quickly and to read the value of a slowly changing or static reading by looking at the digital display Values can be displayed in SI units Sv h This can be requested when the survey meter is ordered from the factory or it can be changed by the operator using the Model 450 1A Communicator The bargraph display is a digital presentation programmed to appear as a linear analog meter display It is also referred to as the analog display throughout this manual Table 3 1 Bargraph Display Update Periods Range Update Period 5 R h 50 mSv h 0 05 second 500 mR h 5 mSv h 0 05 second 50 mR h 500 uSv h 0 05 second 5 mR h 50 uSv h 0 05 second 500 uR h 5 uSv h 0 15 second There are 20 bars between each major division The numerical values of the five major divisions change appropriately for the range in which the instrument is operating For instance the first major division would have the numeric value of 1 10 or 100 The minor divisions are worth 0 05 0 5 or 5 The incremental nature of both the digital reading and the analog bargraph provide greater accuracy for reading in different portions of the scale For example on the 0 5 mR h range with a digital reading of 2 0 and above the analog bargraph can be read more accurately than the digital display Below
3. keV Figure 1 2 450P 8 450P DE SI Survey Meter Energy Response Section 2 Receiving Inspection and Storage Receiving Inspection Upon receipt of the unit 1 Check the packaging and its contents for damage If damage is evident file a claim with the carrier and contact the VICTOREEN Customer Service Department at 440 248 9300 for further instructions VICTOREEN Inc 6000 Cochran Rd Cleveland Ohio 44139 Phone 440 248 9300 Fax 440 248 9301 www victoreen com 2 Remove the packaging and visually inspect the unit for damage 3 Check that all items on the packing list have been received and are in good condition NOTE If items are missing or damaged contact the VICTOREEN Customer Service Department at 440 248 9300 for further instructions Storage Storage of VICTOREEN instruments must comply with Level B storage requirements as outlined in ANSI N45 2 2 1972 Section 6 1 2 2 The storage area shall comply with ANSI N45 2 2 1972 Section 6 2 Storage Area Paragraphs 6 2 1 through 6 2 5 Housekeeping shall conform to ANSI N45 2 3 1972 Level B components must be stored within a fire resistant tear resistant weather tight enclosure in a well ventilated building or equivalent Storage of VICTOREEN instruments must comply with the following considerations 1 Inspection and examination of items in storage must be in accordance with ANSI N45 2 2 1972 Section 6 4 1 2 Requirements for proper storage m
4. oo uSv h 3 10 500 A reading of 015 1 3 06 is 15 degrees C and 3 06 mR h The log data time interval can be set from 1 to 255 seconds and can be saved in the EEPROM using the E command Use the S command to read and modify the log time interval or simply to read what is the current value There is room for 2700 log data sets temperature scale and data comprise a data set available in the RAM memory When the memory is full data storage stops until the memory is cleared The log data memory is cleared 1 at instrument turn on 2 with use of the Y command in communications 3 and if selected using the S command memory is cleared when the integrated exposure value is cleared as you press the Mode pushbutton for more than 5 seconds while changing the display mode from rate to integrate When the 450P is turned off the log data are lost The log data may be input to Symphony Lotus Corp using the import structured command and then plotted Other Features Overrange Rate If the instantaneous radiation rate measured by the Model 450P exceeds 5 R h the H in mR h or the Sv in Sv h displayed will blink to notify the user that a potential error in the integrated radiation value exists The blinking will stop when the integrated value is cleared This however may also clear the log data RAM Low Battery Indicator There are about 6 hours of operation remaining when the LOW BATTERY indicator first beco
5. range exclusive of energy response Calibration source is Cs Detector Chamber 349 cc volume air ionization Chamber wall 246 mg cm thick phenolic Chamber window 1 7 mg cm mylar protected by steel mesh 46 cm detection area Beta slide 440 mg cm Controls ON OFF and MODE Automatic features Auto zeroing auto ranging and auto backlight Response time Response 0 to 5 mR h 0 to 50 uSv h 8 sec 0 to 50 mR h 0 to 500 uSv h 2 5 sec 0 to 500 mR h 0 to 5 mSv h 2 sec 0 to 5 R h 0 to 50 mSv h 2 sec 0 to 50 R h 0 to 500 m Sv h 2 sec Power requirements Two 9 V alkaline 200 hours operation Warm up time One minute Display LCD analog digital with backlight Analog 100 element bar graph 6 4 cm long Bar graph is divided into 5 major segments each labeled with the appropriate value for the range of the instrument Digital 2 5 digit display is followed by a significant zero digit depending on the operating range of the instrument The units of measurement are indicated on the display at all times Digits are 0 25 in 6 4 mm high Low battery and freeze indicators are also provided on the display Modes Integrate mode Operates continuously 30 seconds after the instrument has been turned on Integration is performed even if the instrument is displaying in mR h or R h Freeze mode Will place a tick mark on the bar graph display to hold on the peak displayed value The unit will continue to read and display current radi
6. read 0 When integration starts 0 0 uR will be displayed Toggle MODE to read exposure rate as required To reset the integration display toggle the display from the rate mode to the integrate mode Keep the MODE button pressed for about 5 seconds The display will clear and then read 0 0 ARI Exposures are accumulated up to 99R Self Test When the 450P survey meter is first turned on it runs through a functional self test procedure During this self test the firmware version of the unit is displayed If the unit passes the self test it will go into the normal operating mode If the unit fails the self test it will remain locked with the firmware revision displayed Consult a Victoreen customer service representative for corrective action Remote Operation Using the Model 450 1A Communicator Installation The Model 450P periodically tests for input at its infrared IR receiving device When infrared radiation is detected the Model 450P sends test signals using its infrared sending device and if a Model 450 1A Communicator is present and operational the survey meter will enter into the communications mode The 450P display will clear and the letters CO will be displayed as an indication that the unit is in the communications mode Communicator Model 450A 1 is compatible with a CRT or printing terminal having a standard RS 232 connector and a 1200 baud rate A computer with a modem or terminal emulator may be used in place of the ter
7. the elements in the display turn off with the exception of those necessary for normal operation the user can begin the measurement process 2 1 2 Mode Button To configure the MODE button to the opposite function without the RS 232 connection use the following procedure Turn the unit off Press the MODE button Turn the unit on while continuing to press the MODE button Release the MODE button when the display is in the all elements on condition Use the MODE button to toggle the instrument between the rate mode and the newly selected freeze or integrate mode 2 1 3 Integrate Mode The Integrate mode is operational 30 seconds after the instrument is turned on and all of the time after that However the integrated exposure can only be displayed when the MODE button has been configured as a toggle to display exposure rate integrated exposure If the MODE button is pressed within the 30 second initialization period of the unit the display will read 0 OBO Ni When integration starts 0 0 uR 0 00 u Sv will be displayed Toggle MODE to read exposure rate as required To reset the integration display toggle the display from the Rate mode to the Integrate mode Keep the MODE button pressed for about 5 seconds The display will clear and then read 0 0 uR 0 00 u Sv Exposures are accumulated up to 999 R 9 99 Sv 2 1 4 Freeze Mode When configured to select the Freeze mode the MODE button acts as a toggle
8. As indicated under Range programmable in R h or Sv h ON OFF button MODE button Ranging and zeroing are fully automatic Operating Temperature Range 20 to 50 C Relative Humidity Range 0 to 95 non condensing Geotropism Less than 1 8 5 8 1 x 4 1 2 w x 8 in h 21 6 x 11 3 x 20 cm Approximately 2 Ib 9 oz 1 16 kg Two 9 volt batteries provide over 200 hours continuous operation Three lithium cells provide chamber bias voltage of 63 V 10 year life expectancy Set through communication programs Setting at 1 increments 1 to 100 full scale A temperature sensor in the 451B DE SI is used to adjust for offset drift due to temperature Readings are not corrected for changes in air density due to pressure and temperature Model number 450 UCS allows user to check for proper instrument operation Gives a nominal reading of 1 0 mR h 100 u Sv h 1 3 Victoreen 451B amp 451B DE SI Owners Manual Model 451B DE SI Typical Energy Dependence Dose equivalent units were determined using conversion coefficients at H 10 found in ICRU 47 April 1992 FERIEN ee EEE e A RER HOUSE ERR Fr ER TERN b ME AL A A etz PEPA E AE EA ee E ee i ER Indicated Actual s AAA RT bk ko 0 Energy keV Model 451B Typical Energy Dependence Side Slide Closed ee e Slide Open 1000 Effective keV Indicated Actual 1 4
9. B amp 451B DE SI Owners Manual 4 5 Battery Replacement The LOW BAT message will appear on the display approximately 6 hours prior to the instrument becoming inoperable To ensure that the instrument operates to specification it is recommended that the batteries be changed within one hour after the LO BAT message appears The instrument will function on one battery for approximately 100 hours allowing replacement of one battery at a time if the instrument must remain operational during battery changeover Regular or alkaline batteries can be used for replacement purposes Batteries are accessible from the rear of the instrument Be sure to observe proper polarity when replacing the batteries Battery Access FLUKE CE E Maintenance 4 lon Chamber Window Replacement 4 6 lon Chamber Window Replacement 1 moto N Remove the 9 volt batteries to be sure that the instrument will remain off during the disassembly process Remove the 4 screws from the case top Carefully remove the case bottom from the thick gasket that seals the top and bottom Remove screws holding phenolic chamber cover to the base Determine the conductive side of the replacement mylar sheet using an ohmmeter Carefully so as not to crinkle it place the new mylar on the top of the chamber conductive side facing the chamber Use adhesive to secure the mylar to the phenolic chamber Electrically connect conductive side of mylar to conductive s
10. BER SERIAL NUMBER WARRANTY REPAIR YES NO REASON FOR RETURN BLANK PAGE Biomedical Victoreen 451B 451B DE SI lon Chamber Survey Meter Operators Manual December 2006 Manual No 1021101000 Rev 5 2006 Fluke Corporation All rights reserved Printed in U S A All product names are trademarks of their respective companies Fluke Biomedical Radiation Management Services 6045 Cochran Road Cleveland Ohio 44139 440 498 2564 www flukebiomedical com rms Section 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 Section 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 Section 3 3 1 3 2 Section 4 4 1 4 2 Section 5 5 1 5 2 Table of Contents General INTORMAN OD sastre einen bennet aktes 1 1 EVO GING QIN rt enn 1 1 EEN 1 2 EN Ieren EE 1 2 Receiving Inspector 1 5 OPEN iii 2 1 External CONTO sense e 2 1 EE nd dee O eee 2 2 Labari a aia 2 2 Optional Check Source Use 450 UCD 2 3 Theory OF Sl Gaua 3 1 o A A BE Ne 3 1 ERNE eea 3 2 EE TE 4 1 Introduction En 4 1 Preventive Maintenance u 4 1 Routine Cleaning EE 4 1 O ed 4 1 Battery RA Mi tds 4 2 lon Chamber Window Replacement rss 4 2 Outer Mylar Window Replacement rrura 4 2 HV Battery Board and Desiccant Replacement rra 4 3 Replacement Parts Information a 4 4 Recalibration and Service Information a 4 4 Troubleshooting zessen necia anna nun Hana ent 5 1 Troubleshooting a deiat eN 5 1 THRGUBISSNOOUNG Sennan ie 5 1 General Information Introduction Section 1 General Infor
11. E SI Owners Manual 1 2 Features 1 2 1 Overrange Rate If the instantaneous radiation rate measured by the Model 451B exceeds 50 R h 0 5 Sv h the R in R h or the Sv in Sv h displayed will blink to notify the user that the radiation field exceeds the measuring capability of the instrument Also a potential error in the integrated radiation value may exist due to this condition The blinking will stop when the integrated value is cleared 1 2 2 Low Battery Indicator There are about 6 hours of operation remaining when the LOW BATTERY indicator first becomes visible When the LOW BATTERY indicator blinks there is less than one hour of operation remaining These times are for 2 batteries installed and from the first occurrences of these indications If the instrument is turned off during a low battery condition the batteries will recover somewhat but time of operation remaining will be less 1 2 3 Audio Alarm The audio alarm set points are set using the RS 232 COMM port connected to a computer along with the associated software The audio alarm set point is set in increments of 1 full scale That is from 1 to 100 of full scale The A command in the menu allows access to the scale and percent set point The alarm will sound when readings reach or exceed the set point 1 2 4 Integrate Mode The Integrate Mode allows the Model 451B to display the integrated exposure Exposures are accumulated up to 999 R 9 99 Sv 1 2 5 Free
12. General Information 1 Receiving Inspection 1 4 Receiving Inspection Upon receipt of the unit 1 Check the shipping cartons s and their contents for in shipment damage If damage is evident file a claim with the carrier and contact Fluke Biomedical Radiation Management Services Repair Coordinator at 440 498 2564 or 800 850 4606 immediately Check that all items listed on the packing slip are present and in good condition If any items are missing or damaged contact Fluke Biomedical Radiation Management Services Repair Coordinator at 440 498 2564 or 800 850 4606 immediately Victoreen 451B amp 451B DE SI Owners Manual Operation External Controls Section 2 Operation 2 1 External Controls There are two external controls on the survey meter an ON OFF button and a MODE button 2 1 10N OFF Button Press the ON OFF button to turn the unit on All the elements in the display turn on and the microprocessor runs through an initialization procedure Part of the procedure includes reading the calibration coefficients stored in EEPROM If an EEPROM read error occurs an error code E1 will be displayed at power on and unity calibration coefficients will be used The bargraph and digital display will show a reading that decreases as the instrument stabilizes The initial reading usually starts in the 50 R h 50 mSv h range and decreases through the lower ranges to a reading of less than 0 5 mR h 5 uSv h within 40 seconds When
13. NTEGRATED 100 Press lt SP gt to return to the Communications Program Main Menu NOTE Changing a rate calibration factor from 100 to 110 will increase the instrument reading 10 in a constant field However changing the integrate calibration factor from 100 to 110 will decrease the integrated amount displayed in a constant field for the same length of time since the integrate calibration is a reciprocal relation in the instrument NOTE Calibration coefficients entered here are not stored in EEPROM but are available for this session only To store the displayed coefficients in EEPROM use the E EXIT amp SAVE Command Refer to E EXIT amp SAVE To quit the operating session without saving the modified coefficients use the Q QUIT KEEP OLD command Refer to Q QUIT KEEP OLD To test the coefficients on a working Model 450B use the T TEST command Refer to T TEST R REVIEW MODIFIED This command allows user to view the currently active calibration coefficients Note that these coefficients are not necessarily those stored in EEPROM To view the active coefficients 1 At the CMD prompt type R The following will be displayed 1 50 U SWh 116 2 50 U SWh 122 3 5 m SWh 112 4 50 m SWh 111 5 500 m SWh 95 6 INTEGRATE 100 85 IU m Sieverts INTEGRATED 100 SERIAL 0325 The values in the far right column are the currently active calibration coefficients To store the displayed coefficients in EEPROM use th
14. OPERATION Units Freeze integrate Set data log parameters Set blink alarm Stage Awaiting User Input Select from options above or Calibration Factor Calculator lt SP gt Display Main Top Menu lt F1 gt Manual Keyboard Override lt F10 gt Exit Program Figure A 1 Communications Program Main Menu Table A 1 Communication Program Command Functions Function F READ SAVED Displays calibration coefficients and other data from the internal EEPROM if unit was factory calibrated the calibration date and the technician s initials are also displayed M MODIFY Allows user to modify current calibration coefficients Maximum limit 130 Minimum limit 85 R REVIEW MODIFIED Displays current calibration coefficients T TEST Tests the operation of the survey meter using modified calibration coefficients E EXIT amp SAVE NEW Stores calibration coefficients and operational parameters in EEPROM X OUTPUT LOG DATA Outputs logged data Q QUIT KEEP OLD Quits without saving modified calibration coefficients or operational parameters in EEPROM U UNITS Toggles displayed units of measure R Sv H FREEZE INTEGRATE Toggles MODE Button function Freeze Integrate A SET BLINK ALARM Allows user to set blink alarm limit alarm is factory set to blink the display if exposure rate exceeds 50 R h lt SP gt lt SP gt Exits current function returns display to Communication Program Main Menu From Communicati
15. P N 940450C1 Model 450 450E 450P Calibration Program Copyright c 1990 Victoreen Incorporated PURPOSE This program permits the user to view a 450 in operation typically in a fixed known dosage of radiation calculate the appropriate calibration constants and program them into the memory of the 450 It may be used to calibrate any of the following Victoreen 450 series instruments Model 450 Standard instrument Model 450E Extended range instrument Model 450P Pressurized high sensitivity instrument TO USE THIS PROGRAM 1 Attach a Victoreen Model 450 1A communicator to either PC serial port COM1 or COM2 2 Attach the communicator to the 450 to be calibrated Be sur that both the instrument and the communicator are turned on 3 Type CAL450 and follow the instructions on the screen You will be asked to provide the instrument type 450 450E or 450P and the COM port to which the communicator is attached Additionally except for 450P s you will be asked to provide the current temperature in degrees Celsius and barometric pressure in millimeters of Mercury 4 Use the menu options provided to interrogate calculate and or program the instrument 5 Hit lt F10 gt to exit the program Operation and Instruction Manual lon Chamber Survey Meter Model 450P amp 450P DE SI With Optional Infrared Communicator Model 450 1A Part No 450P 1 Revision 2
16. Published 4 98 by VICTOREEN INC Printed in U S A CONGRATULATIONS You have just purchased one of the most versatile and durable survey instruments in the world For your convenience this unit comes completely ready to use Fresh batteries are installed which will give you approximately 200 hours of use depending on conditions The unit was calibrated before it left our plant in our state of the art calibrating facility Before you read the rest of this manual to find out how to take advantage of all the exciting features we recommend that you try your unit Push the ON button and allow the unit about a minute to stabilize You are now ready to measure a radiation field Take your new instrument and this manual and go in search of some ionizing radiation Your unit is as easy to use as any analog survey meter but is more accurate and easier to read When you are ready flip the manual to Section 4 Operation There you will find step by step instructions on how to use the other features that will simplify your measurement task PROCEDURES WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS The equipment described in this manual is intended to be used for the detection and measurement of ionizing radiation It should be used only by persons who have been trained in the proper interpretation of its readings and the appropriate safety procedures to be followed in the presence of radiation Although the equipment described in this manual is designed and manufactured
17. Sv h 0 1 second 50 mR h 500 uSv h 0 15 second 5 mR h 50 uSv h 0 25 second There are 20 bars between each major division The numerical values of the five major divisions change appropriately for the range in which the instrument is operating For instance the first major division would have the numeric value of 1 10 or 100 The minor divisions are worth 0 05 0 5 or 5 The incremental nature of both the digital reading and the analog bargraph provide greater accuracy for reading in different portions of the scale For example on the 0 5 mR h 0 50 uSv h range with a digital reading of 2 0 and above the analog bargraph can be read more accurately than the digital display Below a digital reading of 2 0 the digital display is more accurate because it consists of three significant digits The stated precision of the digital display is accurate only above a reading of 0 20 on the 0 5 mR 0 50 Sv scale The same analysis applies to all the other ranges because the number of significant digits or active bar elements are independent of the position of the decimal point or the units multiplier There is a small hysteresis built into the range changing circuit so that the instrument does not keep changing scales if the reading is at the threshold of range change It is important in calibration of the instrument that the calibration coefficients track from range to range because an oscillatory condition can occur if the calibration on a
18. a digital reading of 2 0 the digital display is more accurate because it consists of three significant digits The stated precision of the digital display is accurate only above a reading of 5 of the full scale NOTE The same analysis applies to all the other ranges because the number of significant digits or active bar elements are independent of the position of the decimal point or the units multiplier There is a small hysteresis built into the range changing circuit so that the instrument does not keep changing scales if the reading is at the threshold of range change It is important in calibration of the instrument that the calibration coefficients track from range to range because an oscillatory condition can occur if the calibration on a given range is low and the coefficient for the next more sensitive range is high Firmware The program in the 450 ROM is proprietary to VICTOREEN The firmware version appears in the digital part of the LCD display prior to the all elements on display when the instrument is turned on The firmware program consists of three main parts operation communication and monitoring The operation portion of the firmware performs all of the control functions needed to read and control the electrometer and range change amplifier calculate radiation rate and display the calculated values on the LCD Display In addition the measured data are smoothed and displayed in an exponential manner with time that simul
19. ates the rise and fall time of an ordinary meter display Range changing is performed automatically If a large increase in signal is detected the range changing skips to higher ranges bypassing exponential rise with time to get to the new reading quickly The instrument continually integrates the detected radiation signal and saves the accumulated amount which may be read by the operator at any time The operator may also reset the integration process When the communicator 450 1A is attached to the unit the 450P detects its presence and runs the communications portion of the program The baud rate must be 1200 Serial Communications are performed in software rather than using a hardware device The operation program can be run from communications in the Test mode BLANK PAGE Section 4 Operation External Controls There are two external controls on the survey meter an ON OFF button and a MODE button ON OFF Button Press the ON OFF button to turn the unit on All the elements in the display turn on and the microprocessor runs through an initialization procedure Part of the procedure includes reading the calibration coefficients stored in EEPROM If an EEPROM read error occurs an error code E1 will be displayed at power on and unity calibration coefficients will be used The bargraph and digital display will show a reading which decreases as the instrument stabilizes The initial reading usually starts in the 5R h range and decreases
20. ation process 3 3 Victoreen 451B amp 451B DE SI Owners Manual Maintenance Introduction Section 4 Maintenance 4 1 Introduction Very little maintenance is required for the survey meter but some periodic attention may be necessary especially if the instrument is used in harsh industrial conditions 4 2 Preventive Maintenance Very little maintenance is required for the survey meter but some periodic attention may be necessary especially if the instrument is used in harsh industrial conditions The desiccant must be renewed and replaced periodically see 4 8 NOTE Install fresh batteries prior to performing any calibration on this instrument 4 3 Routine Cleaning Do not immerse the Model 451B or 451B DE SI The unit is not waterproof liquid could damage the circuits The unit should be kept clean and free from dirt and contamination The unit may be cleaned by wiping with a damp cloth using any commercially available cleaning or decontaminating agent 4 4 Storage If the unit is to be stored prior to use pack it in the original container if possible and store in an environment free of corrosive materials fluctuations in temperature and humidity vibration or shock The instrument should be stored with the two 9 Volt batteries removed Prior to use check the condition of the desiccant A blue color indicates that the desiccant is good while a pink color indicates the need to replace regenerate Victoreen 451
21. ation values Environmental Temperature range 4 to 158 F 20 to 70 C Relative humidity 0 to 100 60 C Geotropism Less than 1 Typical energy dependence Model 451B typical energy dependence Side Slide Closed Slide Open Indicated Actual o N 10 100 1000 10000 Effective keV Dimensions 4 w x 8 d x 6 in h 10 x 20 x 15 cm Weight 2 5 lb 1 11 kg Optional accessories 451 Assistant for Excel Model 451EXL includes RS 232 interface cable Single Unit Carrying Case Model 190HPS Check Source Uranium 0 064 uCi impregnated 2 x 2 in yellow card Model 450UCS Available Model s 451B RYR Ion Chamber Survey Meter with Beta Slide and standard chamber 451B DE SI RYR Ion Chamber Survey Meter with Beta Slide and dose equivalent chamber CE Tested Meets applicable standards For more information receive our full product catalog or order online contact Radiation Management Services business of Fluke Biomedical 440 248 9300 or www flukebiomedical com rms Specifications are subject to change without notice 2005 Fluke Biomedical All rights reserved Victoreen is a trademark of Fluke Corporation Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation Printed in USA 451B ds rev5 03 jun 05
22. calibration and display units The EEPROM will retain stored data when the instrument is OFF or when the batteries are removed Data can be entered into the EEPROM using the RS 232 port 3 1 Victoreen 451B amp 451B DE SI Owners Manual 63 V collection voltage for the ion chamber is obtained from lithium cells that have a 10 year life All internal power for the instrument is supplied by the 9 V batteries accessible from the rear of the instrument The digital and bargraph displays read directly The bargraph display update periods are listed in Table 3 1 The digital display updates at one second intervals nearest the current bar display update The bargraph and digits display do not always show the same reading because the bargraph is faster than the digital update It is more convenient to watch the bargraph when the reading is changing quickly and to read the value of a slowly changing or static reading by looking at the digital display Values can be displayed in SI units Sv h This can be requested when the survey meter is ordered from the factory or it can be changed by the operator using the RS 232 port The bargraph display is a digital presentation programmed to appear as a linear analog meter display It is also referred to as the analog display throughout this manual Bargraph display update periods Range Update Period 50 R h 500 mSv h 0 05 second 5 R h 50 mSv h 0 1 second 500 mR h 5 m
23. d press lt RETURN gt The following will be displayed Old Calibration Factor 106 The program will then compute and display the new calibration factor Calculated new calibration factor 104 Hit any key to continue 5 Press any key The Communications Main Menu will be displayed 6 Use the M MODIFY command to enter the new calibration factor into the 450 Refer to M MODIFY 7 Use the E EXIT A SAVE command to install the new calibration factor into the EEPROM Refer to Section 6 Calibration for complete calibration procedures and instructions for using the calibrate factor function E EXIT amp SAVE NEW This command stores the currently active calibration coefficients and operational parameters units display mode and blink alarm level in EEPROM 1 At be CMD prompt type E The following prompt will be displayed STORE CURRENT CALIBRATION FACTORS Y N 2 Type Y The following prompt will be displayed ENTER NOTES 16 CHARACTERS MAX THEN RETURN ESC TO ABORT 3 Enter 16 or less characters to be stored with the calibration factors 4 Press lt RETURN gt The active calibration factors will be stored and a sign will be displayed 5 Press lt SP gt or lt RETURNS gt to display the Communications Program Main Menu Q QUIT KEEP OLD This command ends the current operation session without saving modified calibration coefficients or operational parameters in EEPROM To end the session type Q at the CMD p
24. del 450P and the remote terminal have been established the following menu will be displayed on the terminal screen CALIBRATE FACTOR FUNCTIONS Read saved Modify Review modified Test Exit amp save new Output log data Quit keep old MODIFY OPERATION U Units H Freeze integrate S Set data log parameters A Set blink alarm CMD Oe TI zi ZO ZZ TN The program is ready to receive any of the single letter commands at the CMD prompt The calibration and operation functions are discussed in the following sections Calibration Functions The calibration functions are as follows F This command reads and displays the calibration coefficients and other data from the internal EEPROM If the unit was factory calibrated the calibration date and the technician s initials will also be displayed This command allows the user to modify the current calibration coefficients Maximum and minimum limits are 85 and 130 Changing a rate calibration factor from 100 to 110 will increase the instrument reading 10 in a constant field However changing the integrate calibration factor from 100 to 110 will decrease the integrated amount displayed in a constant field for the same length of time since the integrate calibration is a reciprocal relation in the instrument This command allows the user to review the current calibration coefficients This command allows the user to test the operation of the survey meter using changed calibratio
25. e E EXIT amp SAVE Command Refer to E EXIT amp SAVE To quit the operating session without saving the modified coefficients use the Q QUIT KEEP OLD command Refer to Q QUIT KEEP OLD To test the coefficients on a working Model 450B use the T TEST command Refer to T TEST To modify the displayed coefficients use the M MODIFY command Refer to M MODIFY for details T TEST This command activates the statistical functions of the program as follows 1 6 8 At the CMD prompt press T The following will be displayed 1 5 mR h 20 50 mR h 3 500 mR h 4 R h 5 50 R h 11 50 uSv h 12 500 uSv h 13 5 mSv h 14 50 mSv h 15 500 mSv h Enter the calibration range identifier Type xx lt RETURN gt where xx corresponds to the number identifying the decade being calibrated range The following prompt will be displayed Enter calibration point Type nn lt RETURN gt where nn is the calibration point on the calibration range The unit will start collecting and displaying data as follows 50mR h 35 8 363 375 373 365 368 37 1 36 9 36 9 37 1 36 9 373 36 7 35 9 36 6 50mR h 37 3 365 363 36 0 364 363 362 35 9 36 1 359 36 7 36 7 36 9 37 1 37 7 50mR h 37 1 36 7 373 372 365 36 3 36 9 374 366 36 1 362 36 0 36 5 36 7 36 6 50mR h 37 5 376 37 4 377 368 372 366 370 366 365 364 36 9 36 7 37 1 Press lt RETURN gt to stop data collection or press lt SP gt to exit test mode The following s
26. eds 5 R h This command does not appear in terminal screen menu When the Y command is evoked the data log RAM will be cleared and the data pointer will be reset to the beginning of memory The response on the screen is clearing ram followed by the menu BLANK PAGE Section 5 Maintenance General Very little maintenance is required for the survey meter but some periodic attention may be necessary especially if the instrument is used in harsh industrial conditions NOTE Complete maintenance troubleshooting and repair instructions including replacement parts and drawings for the main amp display boards are provided in the Model 450B Maintenance Manual VICTOREEN Part No 450B 1 Battery Replacement The LOW BAT message will appear on the display approximately six hours prior to the instrument becoming inoperable To ensure that the instrument operates to specification it is recommended that the batteries be changed within four hours after the LO BAT message appears The instrument will function on one battery for approximately 100 hours allowing replacement of one battery at a time if the instrument must remain operational during battery change over Regular or alkaline transistor batteries can be used for replacement purposes Both 9V transistor batteries are located in the rear of the unit and are easily accessible and replaceable with the battery cover removed NOTE Be sure to observe proper polarity when replacin
27. eez amp MOdB initieert verniet ee dare 4 2 Integrate Mode EE 4 2 AAA 4 2 Remote Operation Using the Model 450 1A Communicator rrura 4 2 Install aN a ami tits 4 2 Remote OperatiON dataz e a e etabarri 4 4 Calibration FUNCTORS tata tada 4 4 Operation e Tee 4 5 Section 5 Maintenance sr ea 5 1 EI 5 1 Battery Replace Mi raices 5 1 Appendix A Remote Operation anar anneer ea 6 1 List of Figures No Page Figure 1 1 Model 450P lon Chamber Survey Meier 1 4 Figure 1 2 Survey Meter Energy Response rra 1 5 Figure 1 3 Survey Meter Angular Response rra 1 6 List of Tables No Page Table 3 1 Bargraph Display Update Periods AAA 3 2 vi BLANK PAGE Section 1 Introduction General The Model 450P lon Chamber Survey Meter Figure 1 1 is a hand held pressurized battery operated unit designed to measure gamma and X Ray radiation above 25 keV and beta radiation above 1 MeV using the latest CMOS and LCD technology The 450P case is constructed of high strength ABS plastic A gasket seals moisture out of the unit and provides a cushion for the internal components The Model 450P readout consists of a 2 1 2 digit liquid crystal display and a 100 segment analog bargraph The bargraph contains a zero segment and twenty groups of five segments each A permanent scale is located on the display screen The major divisions of the scale indicate the units corresponding to the range that the meter is measuring Units of measurement are displayed nex
28. eeze function is initialized The highest reading will appear as a single bar on the bargraph The current reading will continue to be displayed on the digital display and the bargraph If a measurement is obtained which exceeds the freeze bar reading the freeze bar will move to the higher measurement point The operating range of the 450P remains locked on the highest range attained during the freeze mode so that the scale and the multiplier remain the same For example assume the scale units appear as 10 20 30 40 50 and the freeze bar is at 47 mR h on the bargraph If the 450P then measures a radiation field of 120 mR h the scale units will change to 100 200 300 400 500 and the freeze bar will appear on the graph at 120 mR h If the survey meter measurement goes below 100 mR h the units on the scale will not change until the survey meter is taken out of the freeze mode However the digital display will continue to show the current reading The survey meter will operate in the freeze mode until the user toggles the MODE button to return to the normal operating mode INTEGRATE MODE The integrate mode is operational 30 seconds after the instrument is turned on and all of the time after that However the integrated exposure can only be displayed when the MODE button has been configured as a toggle to display exposure rate integrated exposure If the MODE button is pressed within the 30 second initialization period of the unit the display will
29. g the batteries BLANK PAGE Appendix A Remote Operation using the Optional Calibration Utilities Software Package Part No 940450C1 This Appendix contains instructions for using the Model 450 Family of Survey Meters with the optional Calibration Utilities Software Package VICTOREEN Part No 940450C1 Product Description The Calibration Utilities Program is designed to be used on IBM and IBM compatible computers The program is supplied on either 5 1 4 or 3 1 2 diskettes at the customer s request The program may be run from a hard disk drive or a floppy disk drive NOTE VICTOREEN recommends that the user make working copies of the supplied disks using the DOS COPY command and place the originals in a safe place The Calibration Utilities Program allows the user to View a Model 450 Survey Meter in operation typically in a fixed known dosage of radiation Calculate appropriate calibration constants and Program the calculated constants into the 450 EEPROM The program may be used to interrogate calibrate and or program any of the following VICTOREEN 450 series instruments Model 450 amp 450B Standard Instrument Model 450E Extended Range Instrument Model 450P Pressurized High Sensitivity Instrument Software Installation and Setup 1 Insert the supplied floppy disk into drive A or B on the computer NOTE If a hard disk drive is available the contents of the floppy disc may be copied onto it Use the DOS COPY com
30. given range is low and the coefficient for the next more sensitive range is high In addition to FREEZE the other message that can appear on the display is LOW BAT When the LOW BAT message appears the batteries should be changed within one hour The display will indicate HI for good chamber voltage bias condition Theory of Operation Firmware 3 2 Firmware The program in the 451 ROM is proprietary to Fluke Biomedical Radiation Management Services The firmware version appears in the digital part of the LCD display prior to the all elements on display when the instrument is turned on The firmware program consists of three main parts operation communication and monitoring The operation portion of the firmware performs all of the control functions needed to read and control the electrometer and range change amplifier calculate radiation rate and display the calculated values on the LCD Display In addition the measured data are smoothed and displayed in an exponential manner with time that simulates the rise and fall time of an ordinary meter display Range changing is performed automatically If a large increase in signal is detected the range changing skips to higher ranges bypassing exponential rise with time to get to the new reading quickly The instrument continually integrates the detected radiation signal and saves the accumulated amount that may be read by the operator at any time The operator may also reset the integr
31. he 451B display press the computer or terminal space bar twice Operation Installation If the Model 451 displays the CO message but there is no response at the terminal after pressing the space bar twice perform the following tests 1 Be sure that the 451B and terminal are properly connected via the RS 232 cable If there is still a problem consult the Fluke Biomedical Radiation Management Services Repair Coordinator for further instructions 2 4 Optional Check Source Use 450 UCS The check source contains radioactive materials used for the verification of survey meter operation Use care in the handling and storage To check the Model 451B perform the following Turn instrument on and allow one minute to warm up Open the beta shield Place the check source flat against the end window Check for a nominal reading of 1 0 mR h 100 uSv h Beat Victoreen 451B amp 451B DE SI Owners Manual Theory of Operation Introduction 3 Section 3 Theory Of Operation 3 1 Introduction This unit contains lithium cells with a potential voltage of 63 V on the battery assembly Use care in handling this assembly during removal and installation Damage to the instrument or bodily harm may result The user is cautioned about indiscriminately opening and disassembling the instrument The high impedance circuits of the ion chamber are easily contaminated with grease and dirt that produce electrical leakage Complete As
32. ide of chamber Any wrinkles in the mylar may be removed with a hot air gun Do not apply too much heat the mylar may break Small ripples in the surface will not affect the operation of the instrument Attach phenolic chamber to the base Secure the case top to the case bottom with the gasket in between using the four screws removed in step 2 10 Replace the 9 volt batteries being sure to observe proper polarity 4 7 Outer Mylar Window Replacement 1 Remove the 9 volt batteries to be sure that the instrument will remain off during the disassembly process Remove the 4 screws from the case top Carefully remove the case bottom from the thick gasket that seals the top and bottom Remove the damaged mylar Replace with the conductive side facing up secure with proper adhesive Dag conductive side of mylar to inside of case Secure the case top to the case bottom with the gasket in between using the 4 screws removed in step 2 Replace the 9 volt batteries being sure to observe proper polarity 4 8 Desiccant Regeneration This unit contains lithium cells with a potential voltage of 63 V on the battery assembly Use care in handling this assembly during removal and installation Damage to the instrument or bodily harm may result Victoreen 451B amp 451B DE SI Owners Manual Note The repair area should be clean and free from dust and debris Pow E no EI o Remove the 9 volt batteries to be sure that the i
33. in compliance with all applicable safety standards certain hazards are inherent in the use of electronic and radiometric equipment WARNINGS and CAUTIONS are presented throughout this document to alert the user to potentially hazardous situations A WARNING is a precautionary message preceding an operation which has the potential to cause personal injury or death A CAUTION is a precautionary message preceding an operation which has the potential to cause permanent damage to the equipment and or loss of data Failure to comply with WARNINGS and CAUTIONS is at the user s own risk and is sufficient cause to terminate the warranty agreement between Victoreen and the customer Adequate warnings are included in this manual and on the product itself to cover hazards that may be encountered in normal use and servicing of this equipment No other procedures are warranted by VICTOREEN It shall be the owner s or user s responsibility to see to it that the procedures described here are meticulously followed and especially that WARNINGS and CAUTIONS are heeded Failure on the part of the owner or user in any way to follow the prescribed procedures shall absolve VICTOREEN and its agents from any resulting liability Indicated battery and other operational tests must be performed prior to each use to assure that the instrument is functioning properly If applicable failure to conduct periodic performance tests in accordance with ANSI N323 1978 R1983 Radiation Pr
34. its of measure appear to the right of the digital display Appropriate multipliers also appear on the display Units As indicated under Range programmable in R h or Sv h Appropriate multipliers also appear on the display Auto On Backlight Turns on when ambient light is less then twilight conditions External Controls ON OFF button MODE button Automatic Features Ranging and zeroing are fully automatic Environmental Operating Temperature Range 4 to 122 F 20 to 50 C Effects Relative Humidity Range 0 to 100 non condensing Geotropism Less than 1 Dimensions 8 5 in x 4 5 in x 7 in 21 cm x 11 4 cm x 18 cm LxWxH Weight Approximately 2 Ibs 0 oz 0 91 kg Batteries Two nine Volt transistor batteries provide over 200 hours continuous operation Accessories Remote Part No 450 1A allows remote operation and calibration of the Model 450P Communicator Survey Meter and readout of stored log data Specifications Remote Communicator 450 1A 115 VAC 50 60 Hz 2 5 Watts optional 230 VAC unit available part 450 1A 230V 115 VAC Use 0 125 A 250 V 3AG Slo Blo 230 VAC Use 0 062 A 250 V 3AG Slo Blo Operating Conditions 10 C to 40 C 50 F to 104 F Maximum 90 relative humidity non condensing Figure 1 1 Model 450P amp 450P DE SI lon Chamber Survey Meter Response Model 450P Effective Radiation Energy keV Model 450P DE SI 450P DE SI 100 1000 ENergy
35. lastic chamber wall 200 mg cm thick Warm Up Time Less than one minute for initial operation when the instrument is in temperature equilibrium with the surrounding area and about 4 minutes for readings less than 20 uR h in a 10 uR h or less background Drift After seven minutes operation 0 04 mR h equivalent or less Response Time Time measured from 10 to 90 of final value for a step increase decrease in radiation rate such that a range change does not occur 0 to 500 uR h 0 to 5 uSv h range 5 seconds 0 to 5 mR hr 0 to 50 uSv h range 2 seconds 0 to 50 mR h 0 to 500 uSv h range 1 8 seconds 0 to 500 mR h 0 to 5 mSv h range 1 8 seconds 0 to 5 R h 0 to 50 mSv h range 1 8 seconds NOTE In a pulsating field the instantaneous rate should not exceed 5 R h for proper integration instantaneous exposure rate is still limited to 5 R h Precision Within 5 of reading Specifications cont Liquid Crystal Display Contains an analog bar graph with a permanent scale on the display and a 2 1 2 digit display Analog Display The bargraph consists of 100 segments 2 1 2 inches long the scale has five major divisions the appropriate value for the operating range of the instrument will appear below the scale Digital Display The digital display is 2 1 2 digits followed by a significant zero digit depending on the operating range of the instrument The leading 1 2 digit is blank or a 1 or a 0 for clarity Un
36. librated at no charge provided it is returned as described above This does not apply to any calibration deviation that may result from normal use There are no warranties expressed or implied including without limitation any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness which extend beyond that stated here This expressed warranty excludes coverage of and does not provide relief for incidental or consequential damages of any kind or nature including but not limited to loss of use loss of sales or inconvenience This exclusive remedy of the purchaser is limited to repair recalibration or replacement of the instrument at VICTOREEN s option This warranty does not apply if the product as determined by VICTOREEN has been damaged by accident or misuse or as a result of service or modification by other than an authorized VICTOREEN service facility This warranty is void if the unit is subjected to temperatures above 55 C unless otherwise indicated This warranty specifically excludes the following items which are covered by their original manufacturers warranties Photomultiplier tubes Geiger and proportional tubes crystal and other solid state detectors batteries and major ancillary items of instrument systems such as but not limited to recorders and pumps INSPECTION AND MATERIAL RETURN INSTRUCTIONS Instruments should be examined and tested as soon as received by the purchaser Claims for damage if any should be filed at once
37. mand as described in the DOS Users Manual Supplied with the computer 2 Install the Model 450 1A Communicator as follows a Attach one end of the telephone cord to the communicator link assembly b Attach the other end of the telephone cord to the communicator main box c Plug the power cord from the communicator s main box into a properly grounded AC outlet d Connect the female end of the supplied RS232 cable to the main box e Connect the other end of the RS232 cable to serial port on the computer f Attach the communicator link assembly to the survey meter as follows i Holding the spring clips away from the unit slightly position the black bar of the link assembly over the display approximately 1 2 inch above the communication holes NOTE The coil cord attachment should be to the right of the handle when looking from the back of the meter ii Slide the link assembly back across the display toward the MODE and ON OFF buttons until CO appears on the display ii Release the spring clips 3 Press the terminal or computer spacebar lt SP gt twice The following Communications Program Menu will be displayed on the computer keyboard 4 Be sure that both the instrument and the communicator are turned on 5 At the PC system prompt a gt type the following CAL450 lt RETURN gt The VICTOREEN Logo screen will be displayed including Software Part No Model No and Version No P N 940450C1 Model 450 Survey Meter Calibra
38. mation 1 1 Introduction The Model 451B lon Chamber Survey Meters are hand held battery operated units designed to measure alpha above 4 MeV beta above 100 keV and gamma amp x ray radiation above 7 keV using the latest CMOS and LCD technology The 451B case is constructed of high strength ABS plastic A gasket and desiccant pack seal moisture out of the unit and provides a cushion for the internal components The readout consists of a 2 1 2 digit liquid crystal display and a 100 segment analog bargraph The bargraph contains a zero segment and twenty groups of five segments each A permanent scale is located on the display screen The major divisions of the scale indicate the units corresponding to the range that the meter is measuring Units of measurement are displayed next to the 2 1 2 digit display LOW BAT and FREEZE will appear on the display when the instrument is operating in these modes External controls consist of an ON OFF button and a MODE button The unit is auto ranging and auto zeroing The auto on circuit for the backlight is enabled when twilight conditions occur The 451B has an audio alarm that can be set by the user Two nine volt batteries located in the back of the instrument provide over 200 hours of continuous operation A 440 mg cm phenolic shield is provided as a beta shield The shield also serves as an equilibrium thickness for photon measurements amp protects the mylar window 1 1 Victoreen 451B amp 451B D
39. mes visible When the LOW BATTERY indicator blinks there is less than one hour of operation remaining These times are for 2 batteries installed and from the first occurrences of these indications If the instrument is turned off during a low battery condition the batteries will recover somewhat but time of operation remaining will be less The LCD low battery indicator is disabled during communication mode Be sure to use fresh batteries when calibrating this instrument Warm up Time The pressured ion chamber collection potential is 90 Vdc and is derived from the 9 Volt transistor batteries The warm up time for an instrument that has been off 12 or more hours is about 4 minutes for readings less than 20 uR h in a 10 uR h or less background As the electronic high voltage power supply rises to 90 Volts and stabilizes an upscale reading occurs This is due to the changing high voltage and will continue until it settles to less than 1 millivolt from it s final voltage Specifications Radiation Detected Beta above 1 MeV amp Gamma above 25 KeV Operating Ranges 0 to 500 uR hr 0 to 5 uSv h 0 to 5 mR h 0 to 50 uSv h 0 to 50 mR h 0 to 500 uSv h 0 to 500 mR h 0 to 5 mSv h 0 to 5 R h 0 to 50 mSv h Accuracy 10 of reading between 10 and 100 of full scale indication on any range exclusive of energy response Calibration source is 137Cs Detector 300 cc volume air ionization chamber pressurized to 6 atmospheres Conductive p
40. minal The terminal or computer should be set up for a 1200 baud 7 data bits no parity bit and 2 stop bits Le seven data bits mark parity and 1 stop bit To install the Model 450 1A communicator perform the following 1 Attach the communicator link assembly to the top of the survey meter 2 Place the spring clips into the small slots in the lower edge of the front of the instrument 3 Run the telephone cable toward the bottom of the front of the unit and connect it to the communicator s main box NOTE If the telephone cord is not connected properly the communicator will not work 4 When CO appears on the 450P display press the computer or terminal spacebar The survey meter will automatically select the correct baud rate provided it is 1200 baud If the Model 450 displays the CO message but there is no response at the terminal after pressing the spacebar twice perform the following tests 1 Be sure that the Communicator and terminal are properly connected via the RS 232 cable 2 The communicator can be configured as data terminal equipment or as data communication equipment In the terminal configuration it receives data on pin 2 and sends data on pin 3 of the 25 pin connector In the data communication equipment configuration it sends data on pin 2 and receives data on pin 3 The communicator is factory configured as data terminal equipment The configuration can be changed as follows a Remove the top cover from
41. n coefficients before they are stored in EEPROM One second rate values are sent to the terminal To exit from the test mode press the space bar several times until the menu is displayed This command allows the user to store the calibration coefficients and operational parameters in EEPROM Up to 14 characters can be entered in the Notes portion of the display Press Esc to abort this function This command sends the logged data in RAM to the terminal or computer The format is temperature scale number data return linefeed The X command may be used any number of times without destruction of the stored data The data output process may be stopped by pressing the space bar as many times as necessary to stop the output stream This command quits but does not save any of the changed calibration coefficients or operational parameters in the EEPROM Operation Functions The operation functions are as follows U H This command allows the user to change the units of measure from conventional to SI and vice versa This command allows the user to change the function of the MODE button from freeze to integrate and vice versa This command sets data log parameters When selected screen will display Log data memory cleared O at turn on only 1 also at integrate reset 2 Log interval entry 100 sec This command allows the user to set the blink alarm limit The alarm is factory set to blink the display if the exposure rate exce
42. nstrument will remain off during the disassembly process Remove the 4 screws from the case top bottom see Figure 1 Carefully remove the case bottom from the thick gasket that seals the top and bottom Remove desiccant vial from battery assembly in Unit see figure 2 by slipping vial from clamp do not pull out Remove cap from vial leave desiccant in vial and bake silica gel at 50 C for 24 hours Reinstall the cap and install the desiccant vial into the unit by slipping it into the clamp Secure the case top to the case bottom with the gasket in between using the four screws removed in step 2 Replace the 9 volt batteries being sure to observe proper polarity Figure 1 Base of Unit Figure 2 Desiccant vial 4 9 Remove screws 4 places Lithium Cell Replacement Remove the 9 volt batteries to be sure that the instrument will remain off during the disassembly process Remove the 4 screws from the case top Carefully remove the case bottom from the thick gasket that seals the top and bottom Remove the four screws and lockwashers from the battery assembly Maintenance 4 lon Chamber Window Replacement 5 To replace the three 21 V lithium cells remove old lithium cells by de soldering and solder into place the new lithium cells 6 Secure the battery board to the survey meter assembly with the 4 screws and lockwashers removed in step 4 7 Secure the case top to the case bottom with the gasket in be
43. on 5 Troubleshooting 5 1 Troubleshooting Precautions CAUTION Many components on the printed circuit board are static sensitive ESD precautions should be observed when handling the printed circuit board assembly CAUTION If the device indicates a relatively high radiation rate there is a possibility that the unit has been contaminated CAUTION should be observed when replacing or working on this unit High rates can quickly cause the operator s cumulative exposure to increase with the potential for injury Install fresh batteries prior to performing any calibration on this instrument 5 2 Troubleshooting SELF TEST FAILURE If the unit fails self test it will remain locked on the firmware revision number Consult Fluke Biomedical Radiation Management Services HIGH BACKGROUND READINGS Remove desiccant and bake per Section 4 8 After replacement bake unit at 50 C for 8 hours ERRATIC READINGS Check for broken ion chamber window or loose collector Check for loose chamber bias connector 5 1 Fluke Biomedical Radiation Management Services 6045 Cochran Road Cleveland Ohio 44139 440 498 2564 www flukebiomedical com rms lon Chamber Survey Meter with Beta Slide Victoreen Model 451B Introduction The Model 451B state of the art ion chamber survey meter is a hand held battery operated unit designed for use in both rugged and normal environments The Model 451B measures alpha beta gamma and x ra
44. on Program Main Menu returns to VICTOREEN Model No selection screen Enter the Calibration Factor Calculator Mode lt F1 gt Initiates manual key override lt F10 gt Exits to DOS Operation F READ SAVED The F READ SAVED command displays calibration coefficients and other data from the internal EEPROM if the unit was factory calibrated the calibration date and the technician s initials are also displayed J At the CMD prompt type F The following will be displayed 1 50 U ZM 116 2 500 U ZM 122 3 5 m SVWh 112 4 50 m SM 111 5 500 m Gli 95 6 INTEGRATE 100 85 zim Sieverts INTEGRATED 100 SERIAL 0317 SMITH 2 22 90 The number displayed to the far right of each of the ranges represents the stored calibration coefficient for that range and should be recorded for reference e g calibration 2 Press lt SP gt to return to the Main Menu M MODIFY This command allows user to modify the currently active calibration coefficients 1 6 6 Atthe CMD prompt type M The following will be displayed FACTOR Enter the 1 6 corresponding to the range whose factor is to be modified The following prompt will be displayed NEW VALUE Type XXX lt RETURN gt where XXX is the new calibration factor within the stated limits The calibration factors will be displayed as follows 1 50 U SWh 116 2 50 U SM 122 3 5 m SWh 112 4 50 m SWh 111 5 50 m SM 95 6 INTEGRATE 100 85 m Sieverts I
45. or 3 as required The MODE Button will be configured accordingly and the Communications Program Main Menu will be displayed S SET DATA LOG PARAMETERS The command allows the user to set data log parameters 1 At the CMD prompt type S The following will be displayed Log data memory cleared 0 at turn on only 1 also at integrate reset 2 Log interval editing 100 sec Type 0 1 or 2 as required Press any other key for no change The data log parameters will be configured accordingly and the Communications Program Main Menu will be displayed Use the E command to save any changes in the EEPROM A SET BLINK ALARM This command allows the user to set the blink alarm limit 1 At the CMD prompt type A The following will be displayed SET BLINK TO OCCUR ON 0 NO BLINK 1 5 mR h RANGE 2 50 3 500 4 5 Rh 5 50 0 5 Enter a digit 1 through 5 corresponding to the range that the blink is to occur on The following prompt will be displayed ALARM POSITION ON RANGE 1 10 2 20 ETC INPUT 0 9 Enter a digit 0 through 9 corresponding to the alarm position at which the display is to blink on the selected range The blink alarm will be set and the Communications Program Main Menu will be displayed VICTOREEN MATERIAL RETURN FORM NAME OF SENDER PHONE NUMBER COMPANY AFFILIATION STREET CITY STATE ZIP CUSTOMER ORDER NUMBER VICTOREEN REGISTER NUMBER OR INVOICE NUMBER DATE PURCHASED MODEL NUM
46. otection Instrumentation Test and Calibration paragraphs 4 6 and 5 4 and to keep records thereof in accordance with paragraph 4 5 of the same standard could result in erroneous readings of potential danger ANSI N323 1978 becomes by this reference a part of this operating procedure NOTE When the Model 450P or Model 450P DE SI is used in conjunction with the Model 450 1A Communicator it is possible that a transient induced lock up may occur In addition communications between the computer and communicator can be interrupted Normal operation can be resumed by cycling its power resetting the unit This is accomplished by turning the unit off and then back on READ YOUR INSTRUCTION MANUAL WARRANTY This instrument with its accessories excluding those accessories listed below is warranted by VICTOREEN against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of original shipment During the warranty period VICTOREEN will repair or at its option replace at no charge an instrument containing such defect provided that it is returned transportation prepaid to an authorized VICTOREEN service facility Instruments repaired under warranty will be returned transportation prepaid In addition the nuclear radiation calibration when applicable for each instrument is warranted to be within its specified accuracy at the time of shipment If an error in this initial calibration is discovered the instrument will be reca
47. ound until the freeze mode is disabled 2 2 Self Test When the 451B survey meter is first turned on it runs through a functional self test procedure During this self test the firmware version of the unit is displayed along with the HI or LO chamber bias If chamber bias is LO the instrument can t measure high radiation rates accurately Service to the instrument is required If the unit passes the self test it will go into the normal operating mode If the unit fails the self test it will remain locked with the firmware revision displayed Consult a Fluke Biomedical Radiation Management Repair Coordinator for corrective action 2 3 Installation The Model 451B periodically tests for mark signal at its RS 232 port When an RS 232 signal is detected the Model 451B sends test signals using its sending device and if RS 232 is present and operational the survey meter will enter into the communications mode The 451B display will clear and the letters CO will be displayed as an indication that the unit is in the communications mode The 451B is compatible with a CRT or printing terminal having a standard RS 232 connector and a 1200 baud rate A computer with a modem or terminal emulator may be used in place of the terminal The terminal or computer should be set up for 1200 baud 7 data bits no parity bit and 1 stop bit 1 Connect the 9 pin female connector to an active communication serial port 2 When CO appears on t
48. ponse consistent with measurements of H 10 as required by ICR4 47 aluminum has been added to the back wall 38 of the side wall area and to the beta slide Less than one minute for initial operation Time measured from 10 to 90 of final value for a step increase decrease in radiation rate such that a range change does not occur 451B 0 to 5 mR h range 8 seconds 0 to 50 mR h range 2 5 seconds 0 to 500 mR h range 2 seconds 0 to 5 R h range 2 seconds 0 to 50 R h range 2 seconds 451B DE SI 0 to 50 uSv h range 8 seconds 0 to 500 uSv h range 2 5 seconds 0 to 5 mSv h range 2 seconds 0 to 50 mSv h range 2 seconds 0 to 500 mSv h range 2 seconds NOTE Instantaneous exposure rate is limited to 50 R h 0 5 Sv h including but not limited to a pulsed field Within 10 of reading Liquid Crystal Display Contains an analog bar graph with a permanent scale on the display and a 2 1 2 digit display Analog Display The bargraph consists of 100 segments 2 1 2 inches long the scale has five major divisions the appropriate value for the operating range of the instrument will appear below the scale Digital Display The digital display is 2 1 2 digits followed by a significant zero digit depending on the operating range of the instrument The leading 1 2 digit is blank or a 1 or a O for clarity Units of measure appear to the right of the digital display Appropriate multipliers also appear on the display units
49. rompt A sign will be displayed the stored calibration factors will be activated the next time Communications Program is accessed U UNITS This commands allows the user to select to display Roentgens or Sieverts as follows NOTE The Model 450 is factory set to display Roentgens unless otherwise requested at the time of purchase 1 At be CMD prompt type U The following prompt will be displayed CHANGE UNITS Y N 2 3 If the display units are currently Roentgens a Type Y to change the units to Sieverts the calibration coefficients will be displayed as follows 1 50 USWh 116 2 500 USWh 122 3 5 mSWh 112 4 50 mSVh 111 5 500 mSVWh 95 6 INTEGRATE 100 85 m Sieverts INTEGRATED 100 SERIAL 0317 CMD b Type N to keep the units as Roentgens The calibration coefficients will be displayed as follows 1 5 MRh 116 2 50 MR h 122 3 500 MRh 112 4 5 Rh 111 5 50 Rh 95 6 INTEGRATE 100 85 10 MICRO R INTEGRATED 100 SERIAL 0317 If the display units are currently Sieverts a Type Y to change the units to Roentgens the calibration coefficients will be displayed as in Step 2b b Type N to keep the units as Sieverts the calibration coefficients will be displayed as in Step 2a H FREEZE INTEGRATE The command allows the user to MODE Button configuration 1 At the CMD prompt type H The following will be displayed LEFT PUSHBUTTON IS 1 INTEGRATE 2 FREEZE 3 DISABLED 1 2 0R 3 Type 1 2
50. sembly Disassembly instructions are available in the Maintenance Section of this manual The Model 451B is an air ionization chamber instrument calibrated in exposure rate units of roentgens hour or Sieverts hour for gamma and x ray in the energy range of 20 keV to 2 MeV through the sliding Phenolic shield It can also be used for x ray in the energy range of 7 keV to 30 keV with the sliding shield open The Model 451B responds to but is not calibrated for beta radiation with the slide open Beta energies that can be measured are above 100 keV The two thin mylar windows have a combined density thickness of 1 7 mg cm The 451B also responds to alpha radiation above 4 MeV The liquid crystal display shows the radiation rate in digital and analog form with the range multiplier values also showing on the scale It is a lightweight electronic device that requires the computational capabilities of a microprocessor to make it operate It functions in a multiplex mode called quadruplex This mode uses four backplanes to accommodate the 128 elements of the display The microprocessor performs data collection averaging multiplication by stored calibration factors range changing and battery check functions in addition to driving the LCD Between computational periods it sleeps in a low power mode to conserve battery power The microprocessor reads stored information from an electrically erasable memory EEPROM which is used by the program for
51. st display shows the radiation rate in digital and analog form with the range multiplier values also showing on the scale It is a lightweight electronic device which requires the computational capabilities of a microprocessor to make it operate It functions in a multiplex mode called quadriplex This mode uses four backplanes to accommodate the 128 elements of the display The microprocessor performs data collection averaging multiplication by stored calibration factors range changing and battery check functions in addition to driving the LCD Between computational periods it sleeps in a low power mode to conserve battery power The microprocessor reads stored information from an electrically erasable memory EEPROM which is used by the program for calibration and display units The EEPROM will retain stored data when the instrument is OFF or when the batteries are removed Data can be entered into the EEPROM using the Model 450 1A Communicator available from VICTOREEN Operation using the Model 450 1A Communicator is discussed in Section 4 Operation Collection voltage for the ion chamber is approximately 90 V obtained from a regulated power supply All internal power for the instrument is supplied by the 9 V batteries The digital and bargraph displays read directly The bargraph display update periods are listed in Table 3 1 The digital display updates at one second intervals nearest the current bar display update The bargraph and digits
52. switch Press the button until FREEZE appears on the display Operation in the Freeze mode gives the user a constant reference of the highest exposure rate obtained from the time the freeze function is initialized The highest reading will appear as a single bar on the bargraph The current reading will continue to be displayed on the digital display and the bargraph If a measurement is obtained which exceeds the freeze bar reading the Victoreen 451B amp 451B DE SI Owners Manual freeze bar will move to the higher measurement point The operating range of the 451B remains locked on the highest range attained during the Freeze mode so that the scale and the multiplier remain the same For example assume the scale units appear as 10 20 30 40 50 and the freeze bar is at 47 mR h on the bargraph If the 451B then measures a radiation field of 120 mR h the scale units will change to 100 200 300 400 500 and the freeze bar will appear on the graph at 120 mR h If the survey meter measurement goes below 100 mR h the units on the scale will not change until the survey meter is taken out of the freeze mode However the digital display will continue to show the current reading The survey meter will operate in the Freeze mode until the user toggles the MODE button to return to the normal operating mode NOTE If a measurement is obtained which causes a range change higher than the alarm set point range the alarm will sound and continue to s
53. t to the 2 1 2 digit display LOW BAT and FREEZE will appear on the display when the instrument is operating in these modes External controls consist of an ON OFF button and a MODE button The unit is auto ranging and auto zeroing and has an auto ON backlight The backlight automatically comes on when the ambient light conditions fall below twilight levels An internal factory set alarm will blink the display if the rate exceeds 5 R hr Two nine volt batteries located in the handle of the instrument provide over 200 hours of continuous operation Refer to Figure 1 2 for energy response and to Figure 1 3 for angular response Log Features The 450 P automatically logs temperature inside the ionization chamber the scale of the rate data and the rate data The X command uploads the data using the communicator in the following format Temperature Scale Data 026 0 003 lt CRLF gt Which is interpreted as 26 degrees Centigrade and 3 uR h The data are signed If the instantaneous sum of input radiation input FET leakage input FET noise is negative the data will be recorded with a negative sign In this case the sum of the FET leakage and noise would be greater in magnitude and opposite direction of the current produced by input radiation because current due to radiation is always positive The possible scale values are shown below Scale Number Range of Data Units Range of Data Units o 500 uR h uSv h O 5 00 uSv h e aren fme
54. tatistical information will be displayed Readings 28 Calibration Point 0 07 mR h Mean 0 07 mR h 5 ERROR Corrected Mean 0 07 mR h 5 ERROR Range 5 00 mR h Std Dev 0 03 mR h C of V 41 6 Min 0 03 mR h Max 0 13 mR h ND OA WD where 1 Readings is the number of readings collected Calibration Point is the current point being calibrated U N Mean is the running average value based on the number of readings collected A Corrected Mean is the current mean computed based on temperature and pressure 5 Range is the decade being calibrated 6 Std Dev is the standard deviation C of V coefficient with Variation 7 Min is the minimum value collected and Max is the maximum value collected 5 Press lt SP gt to return to the Main menu 6 Press F Read Saved to display the previous calibration factors 7 Press to activate the calculator to compute the new calibration factor Refer to Activate Calibration Factor Calculator Activate Calibration Factor Calculator 1 Atthe CMD prompt type The following will be displayed Corrected Mean 2 Enter the corrected mean value and press lt RETURN gt The following will be displayed Corrected Mean 36 7 Calibration Point Value 3 Enter the calibration point value and press lt RETURN gt The following will be displayed Calibration Point Value 36 Old Calibration Factor 4 Enter the previous calibration factor an
55. the main box of the communicator b Locate the jumpers on the printed circuit board at the end near the connectors c Change the jumper from the solid path terminal configuration to the dotted path data communication equipment configuration as indicated on the board 3 Test the terminal or computer being used as follows a Use a small screwdriver or paper clip to temporarily connect pins 2 and 3 of the connector that plugs into the communicator This causes the device to send to itself b Type characters on the keyboard and watch for a response on the screen If there is no response consult the user s manual for the device 4 If using a modem program be sure that it is properly loaded and running Also be sure that the modem program is compatible with the 450 1A The 450 1A does not support protocol such as x on and x off therefore the modem program must have a terminal mode If there is a problem getting the communications message CO to be displayed on the 450P 1 Be sure that the Model 450 A1 Communicator is plugged into the AC line and that power is on 2 Be sure that the telephone cord is connected and on the right hand side of the instrument handle It may be necessary to move the link assembly from side to side in small increments until it is properly aligned If there is still a problem consult the VICTOREEN customer service department for further instructions Remote Operation When communication between the Mo
56. through the lower ranges to a reading of less than 50 uR h within 120 seconds When the elements in the display turn off with the exception of those necessary for normal operation the user can begin the measurement process NOTE A one minute warm up period is recommended before making a measurement If the unit experiences an extreme temperature change e g moving inside from outside a longer warm up period may be required to obtain a value less than 50 uR h Mode Button The Model 450P can be configured using Communicator Model 450 1A so that 1 The MODE button alternately toggles display of exposure rate values or display of integrated exposure 2 The MODE button toggles the freeze mode ON OFF 3 The MODE button is disabled To configure the MODE button to the opposite function 1 or 2 above without a communicator use the following procedure 1 Turn the unit off 2 Press the MODE button 3 Turn the unit on while continuing to press the MODE button 4 Release the MODE button when the display is in the all elements on condition 5 Use the MODE button to toggle the instrument between the rate mode and the newly selected freeze or integrate mode FREEZE MODE When configured to select the freeze mode the MODE button acts as a toggle switch Press the button until FREEZE appears on the display Operation in the freeze mode gives the user a constant reference of the highest exposure rate obtained from the time the fr
57. tion Utility v1 2 c Copyright Victoreen Incorporated 1990 ee Sa Hit any key to begin 5 Press any key on the PC keyboard The following will be displayed Select the appropriate Victoreen Model number 1 Model 450 Standard Instrument 2 Model 450E Extended Range Instrument 500 R h 5 Sv h 3 Model 450P Pressurized High Sensitivity Instrument Enter 1 2 or 3 default is 1 6 Type x lt Return gt where x is the number corresponding to the Model 450 to be tested The following will be displayed Select the PC s serial communications port to be used 1 COM1 Serial Port 1 2 COM2 Serial Port 2 Enter 1 or 2 Default is 1 Type x lt Return gt where x is the number corresponding to the communications port to be used The following will be displayed Enter current temperature in degrees Celsius Default is 22 C Type xx lt Return gt where xx is the temperature in degrees Celsius The following will be displayed Enter current pressure in millimeters of Mercury Default is 760 mm 9 Type xx lt Return gt where xx is the pressure in millimeters of mercury The Communication Program Main Menu Figure A 1 will be displayed Commands available from this menu are listed in Table A 1 Specific procedures are detailed in the following paragraphs CALIBRATE FACTOR FUNCTIONS Read saved Modify Review modified Test Exit amp save new Output log data Quit keep old MODIFY
58. tween using the four screws removed in step 2 8 Replace the 9 volt batteries being sure to observe proper polarity 4 9 Replaceable Parts Information Fluke Biomedical Radiation Management Services maintains a complete inventory of all normal replaceable parts To place an order or to obtain information concerning replaceable parts contact the Fluke Biomedical Radiation Management Services Repair Coordinator at 800 850 4606 440 498 2564 or Fax at 440 542 3682 Replaceable parts list Part Number Description 1020023001 Keypad Overlay Red 1020023002 Keypad Overlay Yellow 1020024003 Handle Gray 1020024002 Handle Yellow 1020026000 Foam Grip Black 455 1 15 Battery PC Board Assembly 181061 Lithium Battery Assembly 7 CR 1220 Lithium Cells 181017 Desiccant Vial Assembly 181019 450B Tube mylar window assembly 182020 450B DE SI Tube mylar window assembly MSM 1918 Mylar film Must specify Qty 450UCS Check Source 4 10 Recalibration And Service Information If your instrument needs recalibration or repair we request that you consult the Fluke Biomedical Radiation Management Services Repair Coordinator at 800 850 4606 440 498 2564 or Fax at 440 542 3682 More information concerning the operation application or service of your instrument may be obtained from the applications engineer at the numbers listed above Troubleshooting 5 Troubleshooting Precautions Secti
59. ust be documented and written procedures or instructions shall be established 3 In the event of a fire post fire evaluation must be in accordance with ANSI N45 2 2 1972 Section 6 4 3 4 Removal of items from storage must be in accordance with ANSI N45 2 2 1972 Sections 6 5 and 6 6 Routine Cleaning Do not immerse the Model 450P or 450P DE SI The unit is not water proof liquid could damage the circuits The unit should be kept clean and free from dirt and contamination The unit may be cleaned by wiping with a damp cloth using any commercially available cleaning or decontaminating agent BLANK PAGE Section 3 Theory of Operation General NOTE The user is cautioned about indiscriminately opening and disassembling the instrument The ionization chamber is pressurized and sealed at the factory because the high impedance circuits of the ion chamber are easily contaminated with grease and dirt which produce electrical leakage The ion chamber cannot be disassembled for servicing Complete maintenance instructions are available in the Maintenance Manual VICTOREEN Part No 450B 1 The Model 450P is a pressurized ionization chamber instrument calibrated in exposure rate units of roentgens hour or Sieverts hour for gamma and X radiation in the energy range of 20 keV to 2 MeV The Model 450P responds to but is not calibrated for beta radiation Beta energies which can be measured are above 1 MeV 4 The liquid crystal supertwi
60. with the carrier Any material returned for repair must be accompanied by a valid customer purchaser order identifying the work to be done A Material Return Form is provided at the back of this manual Send the completed form with items returned for repair to enable our Sales Personnel to process the order as quickly as possible Material valued at 200 00 or more and or weighing more than twenty pounds should be shipped the best way prepaid and fully insured Victoreen suggests that any instrument weighing over twenty pounds be wrapped in heavy kraft paper and packed in a double corrugated carton or wooden box Protect the instrument on all sides with at least three inches of excelsior or similar padding Mark the case plainly with suitable caution warnings to insure careful handling Table of Contents Page Section A Aaaa Ua LAE 1 1 E TEE 1 1 Log Features rme eea eee Wee ae 1 1 Other EE 1 2 Overrange Rate tucan tienda 1 2 Low Battery ue Ter e 1 2 Warm up IMG ices arden takin EEN 1 2 beida AAE 1 2 ee E 1 3 Specifications Remote Communicator 450 1A rra 1 3 Section 2 Receiving Inspection and Storage as ea 2 1 Rec lving INsPech N incoada 2 1 SLOFAgE tartas 2 1 Routine Cleaning rr 2 1 Section 3 Theory of Operation ann aa anen eneen nnen ea 3 1 General ss neren venae O 3 1 lg 3 3 Section 4 gt Operation dee ege o aea Ee i azaz 4 1 EARI AUTOA araabs ER 4 1 ON OE E BUON ss oa a aT Ate rat aak at tees ur 4 1 Oe EL DT 4 1 Fr
61. y radiation The Model 451B employs microprocessor and LCD technology and features a rugged ionization chamber with a mylar window and protective steel mesh An integral beta shield serves as an equilibrium thickness for photon measurements The ergonomic handle features a large diameter cushioned grip and is designed to reduce fatigue associated with extended use The case is constructed of lightweight high strength materials and is sealed against moisture The user must specify R or Sv when ordering The display features an analog bar graph 2 5 digit digital readout low battery and freeze mode indicators User controls consist of an ON OFF button and a MODE button The unit is auto zeroing and auto ranging The display features circuitry that automatically activates the backlight in low ambient light conditions The RS 232 interface can be connected directly to a computer for use with the Excel add in for Windows enhancing the functionality of the instrument The software allows for data retrieval user parameter selection and provides a virtual instrument display with audible requires sound card and visual alarm indication The software may be customized by the user for specific applications Applications The Model 451B is ideal for site surveys and a wide range of medical and health physics applications It is regularly used by Police and Fire Departments x ray manufacturers government agencies state inspectors emergency response and
62. ze Mode The Freeze Mode will move a bar on the bargraph display to show the user the peak value and will lock on the maximum range The unit will continue to read and display current readings 1 2 6 Auto on Backlight The Model 451B is equipped with a backlight which automatically turns on when ambient light drops below a predetermined level The backlight will turn off when the ambient light exceeds the predetermined level which is factory set 1 3 Specifications Radiation Detected Alpha above 4 MeV beta above 100 keV gamma above 7 keV Operating Ranges 451B 0 to 5 mR h 0 to 50 mR h Oto 500 mR h O to 5 R h O to 50 R h 451B DE SI 0 to 50 uSv h O to 500 uSv h O to 5 mSv h 0 to 50 mSv h O to 500 mSv h Accuracy 10 of reading between 10 and 100 of full scale indication on any range exclusive of energy response Calibration source is 137Cs Detector Warm Up Time Response Time Precision Readout External Controls Automatic Features Environment Dimensions Weight Batteries Audio Alarm Temperature Sensor Check Source General Information 1 Specifications 349 cc volume air ionization chamber phenolic chamber wall 246 mg cm Chamber window is composed of 1 7 mg cm mylar 0 025 mm thick A coating of graphite has been applied to the walls to make them conductive The collection potential is 63 Volts The Chamber is vented through the desiccant 451B DE SI In order to achieve energy res

P/N 940450C1 Model 450, 450E, 450P

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