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VT100 User Guide - Geoff G

1. 1 A string of one or more characters that represent a single value 2 The value so represented Parameter string A string of characters that represent one or more parameter values Selective parameter A string of bit combinations that selects a subfunction from a specified list of subfunctions designated by Ps In general a control sequence with more than one selective parameter causes the same effect as several control sequences each with one selective parameter e g CSI Psa Psb Psc F identical to Corl Psa E CSIL PSO F CSI Pse EX VT52 mode A 100 mode in which it recognizes and responds only to escape sequences which DEC VT52 type terminals use Notation An intermediate character in an escape sequence control sequence where I is from 408 to 578 inclusive A Final character in 1 An escape sequence where is from 608 to 1768 inclusive 2 control sequence where is from 1008 to 1768 inclusive En A numeric parameter in a control sequence where Pn is a string of zero or more characters from 608 to 718 inclusive PS A variable number of selective parameters in a control sequence with each selective parameter separated from the other by 738 Ps is a string of zero or more characters from 608 to 718 inclusive and 738 Example The format of an escape sequence as defined in American National Standard X3 41 1974 and used in the VTO 15 ESC I sa L F Where 1 ES
2. J UIDNCCIOD The numbering of lines depends on the state of the Origin Mode DECOM Cursor Up Host to VT100 and VT100 to Host ESC Pn A default value 1 Moves the active position upward without altering the column position The number of lines moved is determined by the parameter parameter value of zero or one moves the active position one line upward A parameter value of n moves the active position n lines upward If an attempt 1s made to move the cursor above the top margin the cursor stops at the top margin Editor Function DA Device Attributes ESC Pn c default value O0 1 The host requests the 100 to send a device attributes DA control sequence to identify itself by sending the DA control sequence with either no parameter or a parameter of 0 2 Response to the request described above VT100 to host is generated by the 100 DA control sequence with the numeric parameters as follows Option Present Sequence Sent No options ESC 121210 Processor option SIP F O Advanced video option AVO ESG LILSZC AVO and STP Bow 21330 Graphics option GPO lac STP Bow GPO and Bou 712950 Option Present Sequence Sent GPO STP and AVO Boe 71770 DECALN Screen Alignment Display DEC Private ESC 8 This command fills the entire screen area with uppercase Es for screen focus and alignment This command is used by DEC manufacturing and F
3. 20 characters Time to respond to XOFF 20 x 7 1 2 1200 0 1666 second the buffer overflows the VT100 will begin to discard incoming characters and the error character will be displayed Software which does not support receipt of the XOFF XON Signals from the terminal can still use the VT100 provided the software never sends the ESC code to the terminal the baud rate is limited to 4800 or less and the software does not use smooth scrolling or split screen features Alternatively if XOFF XON cannot be used fill characters may be used after characters or character strings are sent to the 100 A reference chart of fill characters required for these functions is included in Appendix C Two of the terminal functions Reset and Self Test reinitialize the terminal and erase the buffer This means that if characters are received subsequent to the commands to perform these two functions and the characters are placed in the buffer the character would be destroyed without being processed To compensate for this the host may act in one of two Ways 1 Immediately after sending the terminal the commands to perform either the Reset or Self Test functions the host may act as if it had received XOFF from the terminal thus sending no more characters until it receives XON The terminal will transmit XON only after it completes the specified operation and the XOFF XON feature is enabled 2 When the first method cannot b
4. perform specific functions such as setting tabs scrolling and altering terminal characteristics ON LINE This indicator lights to show that the VT100 is on line and ready to transmit or receive messages LOCAL This indicator lights to show that the terminal is off line and cannot communicate with the host device In local mode the keyboard remains active and all characters typed are placed on the screen KEYBOARD LOCKED This indicator lights to show that the keyboard has been turned off The VT100 is still able to receive data from the host This condition can be cleared by entering and exiting SET UP mode L1 L4 These indicators are turned on and off by the host Consult your local operating procedures for the meaning of each indicator 11 14 are also used to show self test errors Each of these keys causes the VT100 to transmit a code which has a special meaning to your system Consult your local operating procedures for the meaning of these keys In SET UP mode the increase or decrease the brightness of the display The Edkeys move the cursor left and right 2 This key transmits a backspace code This key transmits a break signal PFL Each of these keys causes the 100 to transmit code which has a special meaning to your system Consult your local operating procedures for the meanings of these keys Numeric Keypad The numeric keypad enables numb
5. The auto repeat feature affects all keyboard keys except the following SET UP ESC NO SCROLL TAB RETURN CTRL and any key AUTO XON XOFF The VT100 is capable of automatically generating synchronizing codes DCL and XOFF DC3 The XOFF code is used to stop the transmission of data from the computer to the terminal the XON code is used to resume transmission With the feature enabled the VT100 will generate the XOFF code when one of the following events occur The internal buffer is nearly full The NO SCROLL key is pressed The terminal is placed in SET UP mode CTRL S is pressed NOTE The VT100 will always stop transmission when an XOFF DC3 code is received and will resume transmission when an DC1 code is received regardless of the AUTO XON XOFF feature setting When either the buffer empties the NO SCROLL key is pressed again the terminal is taken out of SET UP mode or CTRL Q is pressed the VT100 will transmit the XON code to resume transmission from the computer to the terminal If the host computer software does not support the XON XOFF codes data sent during buffer full conditions or when the terminal is in SET UP mode may be lost BITS PER CHARACTER This feature allows the terminal to transmit and receive either 8 bit characters When set for 8 bit operation bit 8 is set to a space or 0 for characters transmitted and is ignored for all characters received CHARACTERS PER LIN
6. 3 D line drawing set Alternate character ROM ESL 1 1 How Alternate character ROM special Bou T 2 graphics characters Scrolling Region ESC I PE z ED r Pt is the number of the top line of the scrolling region Pb is the number of the bottom line of the scrolling region and must be greater than Pt Tab Stops set tab at current column EG Clear tab current column Bsc I wg or BSc Clear all tabs 3 g Modes To Set To Reset Mode Name Mode Sequence Mode Sequence Line feed new line New line ESC 20hLine feed ESC 201 Cursor key mode Application Bet DISIBCursor Boo ERXLLI ANSI VT52 mode ANSI N A VT52 msc ee Column mode Loz Col Boe 72150 Col Bow 17217 Scrolling mode Smooth ESC 4h Jump BoC 7817 Screen mode Reverse ESC 5h Normal ESC IT OI Origin mode Relative BSC 76n Absolute ESC 61 Wraparound On Bow Ort ESL LZ TI Auto repeat en Orr Rot Interlace On Bow 2918 Keypad mode Application ESC Numeric tow gt The last character of the sequence is a lowercase L 1548 Reports Cursor Position Report Invoked by ESC 6 n Response is ESC Pe R T t Pl line number Pc column number Status Report Invoked by ESC 5 Response is ESC 0 terminal ok ESC 3 n terminal not ok What Are You Invoked by ESC or ESL Response is ESC 1 Ps Ps is the option present parameter with the following meaning
7. SMOOTH H E ALITOHEPEAT B WRAP AROUND 1 ON m 07 yew une 0 OF i TN ae OPTIONAL onus M UNDERLINE 9 DISPLAY CURSOR INTERLACE BLOCK L1 ON FOR CUSTOM aL I SPEFD RF5PEEDD O 2 n OFF 0 GO He AUTO XDN XOFF t ON TENER E Rh Hz TRUM VIB Ii 0 7 BITS ANSI VT Bo BITS PER CHAR t 8 BITS 40 OFF 97 OFF 1 ON d OFF 0 ODD MARGIN BELL ON PARITY SENSE t EYEN MALA TRE Figure 2 1 100 Terminal Dimensions 36 8 CM 14 1 2141 8 3 CM 3 1 2 IN 4 8 T 7 B IN LJ 245 CM 19 5 8 INJ 30 5 CM 12 IN 36 2 CM 14 1 4 N 51 4 20 1 4 3 8 IN 2032 CM 41 3 16 174 45 7 CM 18 MEASUREMENT TAKEN WITH THE KEYBOARD PLACED FLUSH TO FRONT OF TERMINAL UNDER UNDERCUT Sha 1 995 Figure 2 2 VT100 Rear View CAPTIVE ACCESS SCREWS 4 COVER ELA COMMUNICATIONS CONNECTOR EXTERNAL VIDEO INPUT CONNECTOR EXTERNAL VIDEO _ OUTPUT CONNECTOR FUSE POWER SWITCH MODEL SERIAL NUMBER LABEL KEYBOARD OPTIONAL 20mA POWER POWER CORD CONNECTOR COMMUNICATION SELECTOR CONNECTOR Figure 2 3 20 mA Current Loop Interface TERMINAL ACCESS COWER FIN ASSIGNMENTS 2
8. e E 9 9 N N N N IS PO ES H3 EH Tables 1 1 Categories of SET UP Features 1 2 SET UP Feature Change Summary 1 3 Nonfatal Displayed Error Codes 1 4 Problem Checklist 23 pa CONNeECEOr 3 1 Machine States 3 2 Alphabetic Key Codes 3 3 Nonalphabetic Key Codes 3 4 Function Key Codes 3 5 Control Codes Generated 0 6 CURSO Control Key Codes 3 7 VT52 Mode Auxiliary Keypad Codes 3 8 ANSI Mode Auxiliary Keypad Codes 3 9 Special Graphics Characters S10 Concrodl Chardoters C 1 Fill Character Requirements Chapter 1 Operator Information The VT100 15 a simple device to operate The terminal Figure 1 1 is basically a typewriter that uses a video screen instead of paper and communicates with a computer If you can operate a typewriter you can operate 100 Chapter 1 is divided into five parts Controls and Indicators setup Mode Definition of Each Setup Feature Self Testing the VT100 What to do in the Event of a Problem OB WN Part 1 shows all the controls and indicators on the terminal and summarizes the function of each thus providing a quick reference for these functions Part 2 defines the SET UP mode and briefly summarizes its real ures Part 3 describes each feature in detail Refer to this section if you need further information on a feature mentioned in the SET UP Summary provided in Part 2 Part 4 provides information on self testing the VT100
9. m UGS 132 Control Sequences All of the following escape and control sequences are transmitted from the host computer to the VT100 unless otherwise noted All of the control sequences are a subset of those specified in ANSI X3 64 1977 and ANSI 3 41 1974 CPR Cursor Position Report 100 to Host ESC Pn Pn default value 1 The CPR sequence reports the active position by means of the parameters This sequence has two parameter values the first specifying the line and the second specifying the column The default condition with no parameters present or parameters of 0 1S equivalent to a cursor at home position The numbering of lines depends on the state of the Origin Mode DECOM This control sequence is solicited by a device status report DSR sent from the host CUB Cursor Backward Host to VT100 and VT100 to Host ESC Pn D default value 1 The CUB sequence moves the active position to the left The distance moved is determined by the parameter If the parameter value is zero or one the active position is moved one position to the left If the parameter value is n the active position 15 moved n positions to the left an attempt is made to move the cursor to the left of the left margin the cursor stops at the left margin Editor FUNCTION CUD Cursor Down Host to VT100 and VT100 to Host ESC Pn B default value 1 The CUD sequence moves the active position downward without alter
10. CURRENT LOOP CONNECTOR 123 5 78 Figure 2 4 Composite Video Output 60 Hz NON INT 22 SCANS EVEN FIELD VERTICAL BLANKING INTERVAL 60 Hz INT 22 SCANS 50 Hz NON INT 75 SCANS LAST DISPLAYED SCAN OF 224 SCARE FIRST OF 240 DISPLAYED PREVIOUS FIELO SCANS I 60 Hz NON INT 2 SCANS S IN EVEN FIELD 60 Hz INT 2SCANS 50 Hz NON INT 25 SCANS 1 0 V _ 50 Hz INT 24 SCANS l TIME H PERIOD 63 56 us 015 EVEN FIELD I ODD FIELD f LAST DISPLAYED SCAN OF VERTICAL BLANKING INTERVAL Nr mae SCANE FIRST OF 240 DISPLAYED EVEN FIELD 50 Hz INT 75 SCANS SCANS IN ODD FIELD 1 60 Hz INT 2 5 SCANS 50 Hz INT 24 5 SCANS DOEA I I I c Lu 20 TIME OF H PERIOD 63 56 us 01 ODD FIELD 11 84 us 50 BO COLUMN H BLANK 12 34 50 132 COLUMN BRIGHT 1 00 V gt NORMAL 79 V DIM 64 V BLACK 29 V 0 00 1 54 us 50ns EQ 2 33 50 5 lt lev SYNC 27 28 us 200 ns SYNC FRONT PORCH H SYNC 4 71 us 50ns H PERIOD 63 56 01 MA 1993 NOTES INNON INTERLACED OPERATION THE EVEN FIELD IS REPEATED CONTINUOUSLY AND THE ODD FIELD IS NOT USED Figure 2 4 IN THE INTERLACED OPERATION THE EVEN FIELD ALTERNATES WITH THE ODD FIELO Composite Video Output ALL FIELDS CONTAIN 240 DISPLAYED SCANS
11. Jump scroll feature selected 60 30 15 EL 4 2 1 All others except DECTST DECINLM RIS 2 2 1 1 1
12. the upper left corner After a brief wait the terminal will return to SET UP A mode NOTE The save operation must be performed at the terminal keyboard The computer cannot perform this operation although it can temporarily modify the settings of some VT100 features Once these steps have been performed SET UP features which had been temporarily stored will now be stored ona fixed basis Recalling SET UP Features The temporarily stored SET UP feature settings may differ from the settings which have been stored on a fixed basis If you wish to return to the fixed settings perform the recall operation as follows Place the terminal in SET UP mode Press the SHIFT and R keys simultaneously The screen will clear and the message wait will appear in the upper left corner of the screen After a brief wait the terminal will return to SET UP A mode NOTE When recall operation is performed the contents of the screen are destroyed Resetting the Terminal The VT100 may be reset from the keyboard When the terminal 15 reset the terminal memory is cleared and the self test program 1S run as if the terminal power switch had been turned OFF and then back ON To reset the terminal Place the terminal in SET UP mode Press the 0 key on the main keyboard The VT100 will be reset the power on self test will be run and the terminal will set according to the fixed SET UP features NOTE When a reset operation is performed
13. 135 175 Table 3 4 Function Key Codes Table 3 5 Control Codes Generated Key Pressed with Key Pressed wwith CTRL key down CTRL key down shifted or Octal Code Function shifted or Octal Code Function unshifted Transmitted Mnemonic unshifted Transmitted Mnemonic Space Bar 000 NUL 020 DLE A 001 SOH Q 021 DC1 or XON B 002 STX R 022 DC2 003 5 023 XOFF D 004 EOT 024 DC4 E 005 ENQ U 025 NAK F 006 ACK V 026 SYN G 007 BELL w 027 ETB H 010 BS X 030 CAN I 011 HT a 031 EM J 012 LF Z 032 SUB K 013 VT 033 ESC L 014 FF A 034 FS M 015 CR 035 GS N 016 SO 036 RS O 017 SI 037 US Table 3 6 Cursor Control Key Codes Table 3 7 52 Mode Auxiliary Keypad Codes Table 3 8 ANSI Mode Auxiliary Keypad Codes NOTE In ANSI mode if the codes are echoed back to the or af the terminal is local mode the last Character of the sequence will be displayed on the screen e g PFL will display a Octal Code 137 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 150 151 152 153 154 55 156 1 2 Table 3 9 Special Graphics Characters Graphic with Graphic with Graphic with Special Octal Graphic with Special Graphics US or UK Set Graphics Set Code USorUKSet Set Blank 157 Horizontal line Scan 1 Diamond 160 Horizontal line Scan 3 a Checkerboard error 161 q Horizontal line Scan indicator 5 b Ho
14. Enter Alternate Keypad Mode ESC The optional auxiliary keypad keys will send unique identifiable escape sequences for use by applications programs NOTE Information regarding options must be obtained in ANSI mode using the device attributes DA control sequences Exit Alternate Keypad Mode ESC gt The optional auxiliary keypad keys send the ASCII codes for the functions or characters engraved on the key Enter ANSI Mode ESC lt All subsequent escape sequences will be interpreted according to ANSI Standards X25 04 1977 and X5 l 1974 The VT52 escape sequence designed in this section will not be recognized Control Sequence Summary The following is a summary of the 100 control sequences ANSI Compatible Mode Cursor Movement Commands Cursor up FSC Pn A Cursor down How Pir Cursor forward right ESC Pn C Cursor backward left Pn D Direct cursor addressing Po Hr or Bo PL Pe XI Index Eso D New line Roc E Reverse index M Save cursor and attributes EC Y Restore cursor and attributes ESC 8 T Pl line number Pc column number NOTE Pn refers to a decimal parameter expressed as a string of ASCII digits Multiple parameters are separated by the semicolon character 0733 If a parameter is omitted or specified to be 0 the default parameter value is used For the cursor movement commands parameter value is 1 Line Size Double Height and Doubl
15. Figure 3 1 Terminal Data Flow v 1100 K COMMUNICATION LINES Figure 3 2 100 Keyboard ONLINE LOCAL LOCKED L1 L2 L3 E e TOME CLEAR ALL LINE SETUP TOGGLE TRANSMIT RECEIVE 32 lt gt CLEARTAB TABS LOCAL AlB vo SPEED SPEED COLUMNS RESET Esc A amp 2 3 4 5 6 b 8 Figure 4 1 VT100 Rear View CAPTIVE ACCESS SCREWS 4 COVER ELA COMMUNICATIONS CONNECTOR EXTERNAL VIDEO INPUT CONNECTOR EXTERNAL VIDEO _ OUTPUT CONNECTOR FUSE POWER SWITCH MODEL SERIAL NUMBER LABEL KEYBOARD OPTIONAL 20mA POWER POWER CORD CONNECTOR COMMUNICATION SELECTOR CONNECTOR Figure 4 2 Advanced Video Option Installation STANDOEE SIDE OF ADVANCED VIDEO BOARD COMPONENT SIDE OF TERMINAL CONTROLLER ADVANCED Jt ADVANCE STANDOFFS 41 VIDEO VIDEO BOARD CONNECTOR TERMINAL CONTROLLER BOARD 12 GRAPHICS CONNECTOR 45 20mA CURRENT LOOP CONNECTOR _J3 STP CONNECTOR 14 COMMUNICATIONS CONKECTOR JB VIDEO IN CONNECTOR J9 VIDEO OUT CONNECTOR J KEYBOARD CONNECTOR 1995 Figure 4 3 20 mA Current Loop Option CAPTIVE SCREWS 4 ACCESS COVER 20mA CURRENT LOOP BOARD TRANSMIT LINE SWITCH TRANS REC 4 LINE SWITCH 20 Sif JI COMMUNICATIONS a m a a CONNECT
16. It outlines the steps required to start the built in self tests and how to interpret the results once the tests have been run Part 5 provides a procedure to follow in case you encounter any problem with the VT100 Easily recognized failures with simple corrective actions are provided for each symptom Check the list on page 18 before calling for service Part 1 Keyboard Control and Indicators The VT100 terminal normally performs a two part function 15 an input device to a computer information entered through the keyboard is sent to the computer It 15 simultaneously an output device for the computer that is data coming in from the computer is displayed on the video screen The following controls and indicators on the VT100 keyboard are illustrated in Figure 1 2 ONLINE LOCAL LOCKED L1 L2 SET CLEARALL LINE SETUP TOGGLE TRANSMIT 32 lt gt CLEARTAB TABS LOCAL AlB SPEED SPEED COLUMNS RESET ERE KS m m 2 3 6 7 EE ape BELL L l G ud SETUP This key is used in conjunction with other keys to perform specific functions such as setting tabs scrolling and altering terminal characteristics ON LINE This indicator lights to show that the VT100 is on line and ready to transmit or receive messages LOCAL This indicator lights to show that the terminal is off line and cannot communicate w
17. Pin 3 Ihe VT100 receives serially encoded characters generated by the user s equipment on this circuit Request to Send from VT100 Pin 4 Asserted at all times when terminal is powered up Clear to Send to 100 Pin 5 Ignored at all times Data Set Ready to VT100 Pin 6 Ignored at all times sgnal Ground Pin 7 This conductor establishes the common ground reference potentral ror all voltages On The Interr race IE as permanently Connected to tre VITIO Chassis Carrier Detect eo MWVIIO00J Pan 28 Ignored at all times speed Selec Tron Pans Lily 222 and 9 This signal is alternately called Secondary Request to Send The basic VT100 maintains this line in the asserted state at all times speed Indicator to 71100 Pan 12 This signal alternately called Secondary Carrier Detect 1S ignored at all times Transm osion Lo VIIO0 Pan 5 Ignored at all times Receive Clock to VT100 Pin 17 Ignored at all times Data Terminal Ready from 100 Pin 20 Data Terminal Ready is asserted at all times except under the following Condicions 1 Terminal is not powered up 2 Terminal is in LOCAL mode 3 The 3 5 second interval following the pressing of SHIFT BREAK Ring Indeocsgtor oor VIL PI 22 Ignored at all times Electrical Characteristics VT100 Output Voltages On signals designated from the mark Or stare
18. Ps Meaning Base VT100 no options Processor options STP Advanced video option AVO AVO STP Graphics processor option GPO GPO and STP GPO and AVO GPO STP and AVO Alternatively invoked by ESC Z not recommended Response is the same Reset Reset causes the power up reset routine to be executed ESL Confidence Tests Fill Screen with Es ESC 8 Gl A Go N O Invoke Test s EDU v Ps is the parameter indicating the test to be done and is a decimal number computed by taking the weight indicated for each desired test and adding them together Test Weight Power up self test ROM checksum RAM 1 NVR keyboard and AVO if installed Data Loop Back 2 loop back Cone c ror required modem control test 4 loop back connector required Repeat selected test s indefinitely 8 until failure power off VT52 Compatible Mode The following is a summary of the 100 control sequences Cursor Up ESC A Cursor Down B Cursor Bot X Cursor Left Bou D Select Special Graphics character Bot Set select ASCII character set Bol Cursor to home Bow H Reverse line feed ESG I Erase to end of screen Eo ul Erase to end of line Bow Direct cursor address ESG XY d see note C 1 Identify BOG see note 2 Enter alternate keypad mode ESC Exit alternate keypad mode ESG s Enter ANSI mode bow X NOTE 1 Line and column numbers
19. will be generated if either or both of the SHIFT keys are down Unlike the SHIFT LOCK key of a typewriter the CAPS LOCK key does not affect these keys it affects only the alphabetic keys Table 3 3 shows the nonalphabetic keys and the codes they generate Function Keys There are several keys on the keyboard which transmit control codes Control codes do not produce displayable characters but are codes for functions If these codes are received by the terminal the VT100 will perform the associated function as shown in Table 3 4 NO SCROLL When the NO SCROLL key is pressed it generates a single XOFF code inhibits further scrolling and freezes the screen When pressed again the same key generates XON In practice if the software recognizes the host will Stop Transmitting until the NO SCROLL key is pressed again to allow scrolling the XOFF XON feature is disabled SET UP function the NO SCROLL key causes no action BREAK Typing the BREAK key causes the transmission line to be forced to its zero state for 0 2333 seconds 10 percent If either SHIFT key is down the time is increased to 3 5 seconds 10 percent Data Terminal Ready is also deasserted during this interval At the conclusion of the 3 5 second interval Data Terminal Ready will again be asserted The SHIFT and BREAK keys typed together provide the long break disconnect function Used with properly configured modems with RS 232 C levels it will cause
20. 15 S60 V tO 12 0 V the space or asserted state is 6 0 V to PEA VT100 Input Voltages On signals designated to VT100 2950 MV 0 79 V open Circuit 1S interpreted mark or unasserted State and 2 3 0 V to 92 25 V interpreted space or asserted state Voltages greater in magnitude than 25 V are not allowed These levels are compatible with EIA STD RS 232 C and CCITT Recommendation V 28 Optional 20 mA Current Loop Interface in most current Joop applrecarnons the Vio WLLL be connected in a passive configuration that is current is supplied to the VT100 In this mode the transmitter and receiver are both passive both optically isolated and the transmitter goes to the mark state when power is turned off Conversion from active to passive or vice versa requires moving a slide switch In active mode either the transmitter or the receiver or both may be connected so that the 100 sources the 20 mA of current In active mode isolation is not present and the transmitter will go to the space state when power to the VT100 is turned off Figure 2 3 shows the 20 mA current loop interface connector mounted to the access cover and the individual pin assignment Electrical Characteristics The electrical characteristics of the 20 mA current loop interface are shown below Transmitter Receiver Min Max Min Max Vo A
21. 1s more accurate when there is an audible feedback from the keyboard Like the bell tone the keyclick volume is not adjustable LINE LOCAL The LINE LOCAL feature allows the operator to easily place the terminal in either an ON LINE LOCAL off Line condrtron When rhe terminal 19 on line che keyboard ON LINE indicator 15 ON all characters typed the keyboard are sent directly to the computer and messages from the computer are displayed on the screen In the LOCAL condition the keyboard LOCAL indicator is ON the terminal is electrically disconnected from the computer messages are not sent to or received from the compurer and Characters typed the Keyboard are echoed on the screen directly MARGIN BELL The margin bell feature is much the same as the bell in a typewriter If the cursor is eight characters from the end of the current line while typing the VT100 sounds a tone to alert the operator NEW LINE Ihe new line feature enables the RETURN key on the terminal to function like the RETURN key on an electric typewriter When the new line feature is enabled pressing the RETURN key generates the carriage return CR and line feed LF codes When a line feed code is received the code is interpreted as a carriage return and line feed NOTE If double line feeds occur consistently turn this feature off since the computer is already performing this rtunctron dutomatrzcally When the new line
22. 6 m EIA RS232 male female extension cable shielded 10 ft 3 0 m EIA RS232 male female extension cable shielded 25 ft 7 6 m OF 5 BEZZA Kit OF 5 BC22A 295 Eu Or lt a gt BEZZ B 0 Ip Qr 2 BECZZB 25 DECmat 4 ft x POO el Color Antalstertrc floor mat 6 Tt 122 cn x 393 cm brownish gray DECmat 4 ft x Summer Earth Anti static floor mat G SE x 1o me color brown gold iloo0r Mac qi TE Cm cx 9960205 cU color silvergray brown DECHA Cr XE x Autumn Bronze DECmat 3 fb x Silver Birch Anti static floor Mat LO FE 91L unb S amp S Em color orange brown 3 Bb X Driftwood Color Anti static floor mat Os Wo dep 2e O3 brownish gray S This cable cannot be used with a DFO1 A Acoustic Coupler Item Number 12 DEC Part Number H993209 DE ANtI Stacic floor mat 122 m x 93 0m Use cable BCO5D XX in its place Description 4 TE 3 6 FPE Barech color Item Number 12 o LS 14 14 14 14 14 15 16 16 DEC Part Number Ho Oo DH H9 0 EB DO TOSHE Hoy AA Hoc AB I 906412 AB I0614 AD H 612 H9590 AP ER 15025 20 Eu VOTO UG Description silvergray brown mat 4 E3910 SEE 122 x 182 onm Aweumn Bronze color orange brown Terminal table 27 inches
23. SCS Select Character Set SGR Select Graphic Rendition SM Set Mode TBC Tabulation Clear o Valid VT52 Mode Control Sequences Cursor Up Cursor Down Cursor Right Cursor Left Enter Graphics Mode Exit Graphics Mode Cursor to Home Reverse Line Feed Erase to End of Screen Erase to End of Line Direct Cursor Address Identify Enter Alternate Keypad Mode Exit Alternate Keypad Mode Enter ANSI Mode o Control Sequence Summary ANSI Compatible Mode VT52 Compatible Mode Chapter 4 100 ODLIODS e Advanced Video Option 1 o Advanced Video Option Installation Advanced Video Option Checkout 20 mA Current Loop Option 1 20 mA Current Loop Option Installation 20 mA Current Loop Option Checkout Communications Cables Chapter 5 Accessories and Supplies Appendix A ANSI Definitions and Notation Appendix B 7 Brt ASCII Code Appendix C Fill Character Requirements Figures VT100 Terminal VT100 Keyboard VT100 Terminal Rear View ORI UP Mode Presentaron SET UP B Mode Presental ion SET UP B Mode Summary VT100 Terminal Dimensions VT100 Rear View 20 mA Current Loop Interface Composite Video Output Terminal Data Flow 100 Keyboard VT100 Rear View Advanced Video Option Installation 20 mA Current Loop Option Terminal Controller Board l l l ob d DO Q
24. Simple operation and is generally performed by following the same basic steps Enter SET UP mode by pressing the SET UP key Select the appropriate SET UP mode by pressing the 5 key on the main keyboard each time you want to switch from SET UP A CO SET UP P Irom SET UP B CO SET UP Position the cursor above the feature switch or tab stop to be changed To position the cursor the SPACEBAR TAB and RETURN keys may used Some features do not use this step since a specific key is dedicated to changing the feature Change the feature setting by pressing either the 6 key on the main keyboard or the appropriate dedicated key Each time the key is pressed the feature will change generally to the opposite state Table 1 2 briefly summarizes the SET UP features the SET UP mode you must be in to change a given feature and the key used to change the feature setting Setting the Answerback Message Setting the answerback message 15 different from setting any of the other terminal features An answerback message can be typed into the VT100 using the following steps Place the terminal in SET UP mode Press the SHIFT and A key simultaneously The terminal will respond by placing A on the screen The SHIFT key 15 required The CAPS LOCK key will not work here Type the message delimiter character which may be any character not used in the actual answerback mesage The message delimiter character 15 not a pa
25. a VT52 compatible mode in which the VT100 responds to control sequences like a VT52 In this mode most of the new VT100 features cannot be used Throughout this section of the manual references will be made to VT52 mode or ANSI mode These two terms are used to indicate the VT100 s software compatibility All new software should be designed around the 100 ANSI mode Future DIGITAL video terminals will not necessarily be committed to VT52 compatibility NOTE ANSI standards may be obtained by writing Sales Department American National Standards Institute 1430 Broadway New York New York 10018 Valid ANSI Mode Control Sequences Definitions The following listing defines the basic elements of the ANSI mode control sequences A more complete listing appears in Appendix A Control Sequence Introducer CSI An escape sequence that provides supplementary controls and is itself a prefix affecting the interpretation of a limited number of contiguous characters In the VT100 the CSI is ESC Parameter 1 A string of zero or more decimal characters which represent a single value Leading zeroes are ignored The decimal characters have a range of 0 604 to 9 71g 2 The value so represented Numeric Parameter A parameter that represents a number designated by En Selective Parameter A parameter that selects a subfunction from a Specified list of subfunctions designated by Ps In general a control sequence with more
26. feature is disabled the RETURN key Generates Only the CR code an LE Gode causes ine terminal to perform a line feed only PARITY Parity when enabled checks for correct data transmissions Gr a crsnsmrssron error occurs the ViLoo can detect it and indicate its presence by placing a checkerboard character on the screen in place of the character with the error The parity sense feature determines if the parity 15 even or odd When parity 15 disabled no parity bit 15 transmitted or received NOTE If the parity feature is turned off the parity sense selection will be disregarded PARITY SENSE The parity sense feature defines which of the two methods of parity checking odd or even 15 being used by the VT100 If the parity feature is on the terminal s parity sense must be matched to the parity the computer 15 sending If the parity sense features do not match most characters sent to the computer will be rejected even though the character was received correctly by the VT100 parity incompatibility occurs the checkerboard character 22 will be shown the screen in place of the received character POWER During the initial installation must be set to the power line frequency 15 set to 60 hertz the terminal display Uros CRES RECEIVE SPEED The receive speed must be set to match the computer transmit speed The VT100 is capable of receiving at any one of the following preselected speeds 5
27. is enabled Series of Long Tones The terminal will sound the long tone several times in rapid succession to indicate that the nonvolatile memory NVR had difficulty in reading or writing the SET UP features When this occurs check the SET UP reatures then perform the Recall or Save operation again Part 2 Set Up Mode Unlike most terminals the 100 does not use switches Jumpers to individually turn the built in terminal features ott Instead the 1 00 uses a nonvolatile memory NVR which always remembers what features have been selected as if a switch had been set The selection and storage of built in terminal features 15 performed in a special mode of operation called SET UP mode Wien you em er mode Cne Stat us OE features stored in the temporary memory is shown on the Screens You Chen change the Teatures anad Store new feature selections either temporarily by leaving SET UP mode or on a fixed basis by performing a Save operation In either case the terminal operation will reflect the new feature selection If a recall operation 15 performed or the terminal 15 reset or the terminal power 15 turned OFF all temporary feature settings are replaced by the features that have been stored on a fixed basis SET UP Features at Glance When entered SET UP mode provides two brief summaries of the current feature status The first presentation SET UP A
28. on the receive line set the switch to the ACT position 7 Set the REC switch to the NORMAL position Figure 4 3 the terminal must provide current the receive line set the switch to the ACT position 8 Connect P5 to J5 on the terminal controller board Figure 4 4 9 Perform the 20 mA Current Loop Option Checkout 20 mA Current Loop Option Checkout The VT100 contains an internal test called the data loopback test In the data loopback test the 100 transmit and receive lines are connected to each other via a special external connector A predefined set of characters are then transmitted The terminal receives the characters and compares them to the characters transmitted If the characters do not match an error is then flagged Use the following procedure to check out the operation of the 20 mA Current Loop Option 1 Disconnect the terminal from the communications line 2 Remove the terminal access cover containing the 20 mA current loop board place both of the switches in the NORMAL position Reinstall the access cover 3 Connect the 20 mA loopback connector PN 70 15503 00 to the Mate N Lok connector mounted to the bottom or access cover 4 1 the terminal in ANSI compatible mode in SET UP B group 2 switch 3 equals a 1 5 the following sequence to perform the data loopback test foc 23 Ay When the test is performed the screen clears and the message WAIT is display
29. region or the entire screen depending on the origin mode Editor Junctcon A Conerol that atiects the layout or positioning previously entered or received information ina printing cathode ray tube display ano that 26 intended to be interpreted and executed without remaining in the data stream See format effector Escape character ESC A control character that provides supplementary characters code extension and that is itself a prefix Che interpretation of Limited number of contiguous characters Escape sequence A sequence of characters that is used for control purposes to perform a control function and whose first character is the escape ESC control Character Final character A character whose bit combination terminates an escape or control sequence designated by F Format effector A control that affects the layout or positioning of information on the screen and that may remain in the data stream subsequent to interpretation and processing See editor function Graphic character Character Other Chan a control Character Chat has a visual representation normally handwritten printed or displayed Home The character position at the origin See origin mode DECOM Intermediate character A character whose bit combination precedes a final character in an escape or control sequence Numeric parameter A string of bit combinations that represents a number designated by Pn
30. reset mode RM control sequences The reset state causes the interpretation of the line feed LF defined in ANSI Standard X3 4 1977 to imply only vertical movement of the active position and causes the RETURN key CR to send the single code CR The set state causes the LF to imply movement to the first position of the following line and causes the RETURN key to send the two codes CR LF This is the New Line NL option Ihis mode does not affect the index IND or next line NEL format effectors NEL Next Line ESC E This sequence causes the active position to move to the first position on the next line downward If the active position is at the bottom margin a scroll up is perrtormed Format RI Reverse Index ESC M Move the active position to the same horizontal position on the preceding line If the active position is at the top margin a scroll down is performed Format Effector RIS Reset To Initial State ESC c Reset the 100 to its initial state 1 the state it has after it 15 powered on This also causes the execution of the power up self test and signal INIT H to be asserted briefly RM Reset Mode ESC Ps Ps 1 default value none Resets one or more VT100 modes as specified by each selective parameter in the parameter string Each mode to be reset is specified by a separate parameter See Set Mode SM control sequence See Modes following this
31. space and control characters Control characters will be displayed as character to indicate their presence in the message 5 Type the message delimiter character Once the message delimiter character is typed the answerback message will disappear from the screen Once the above steps have been completed the answerback message will be temporarily stored in the VT100 and can be saved with the Save operation Saving the SET UP Features SET UP features may be changed and stored on either a temporary or a fixed basis To temporarily store a feature exit SET UP mode after changing the feature the terminal now reacts according to the new setting If a recall operation is performed or the terminal is reset or the terminal power is turned off all temporary feature settings are replaced by the features that have been stored on a fixed basis To store SET UP feature settings on a fixed basis perform a save operation This is a simple operation that 1s accomplished by performing the following steps 1 Place the terminal in SET UP mode 2 Press the SHIFT and S keys simultaneously The screen will clear and the message wait will be displayed in the upper left corner After a brief wart che terminal will return to SEI UP mode NOTE The save operation must be performed at the terminal keyboard The computer cannot perform this operation although it can temporarily modify the settings of some VT100 features Once these steps
32. than one selective parameter causes the same effect as several control sequences each with one selective parameter e g CSI Psa Psb Psc F is identical to Co Psa cB Col Pep F CSI Pse B Parameter String A string of parameters separated by a semicolon 134 Default A function dependent value that is assumed when no explicit value or a value of 0 is specified Final character A character whose bit combination terminates an escape or control sequence Examples 1 Control sequence for double width line DECDWL ESC 6 Octal Representation of Sequence Sequence Octal Representation of bien Sequence ESC H 6 033 043 066 Final Escape Final Character Character Character Character intermediate Character attributes Intermediate Character Control sequence to turn off all character and then turn on underscore and blink attributes SCR Bey LA x 4 2 211 Sequence Octal Representation of Sequence delimiter delimiter delimiter delimiter ESC 0 4 5 m 033 133 060 073 064 073 065 155 Selective Selective Farameters Farameters Farameter string Farameter string Final Fina character charac Alternative sequences which will accomplish the same LEDs Sequence Octal Representation of Sequence z 4 5m 033 132 073 064 073 065 195 De Esc m 222 122 222 ESC 4 m Use 123 DOM 155 I gt m J 1232 002 133 ESC 0 7 04y 005 O33 133 060 073 9960 064 DIS USD
33. tok D RAEN OCK PS G 5 LINE om G BELL G When pressed in combination with the CTRL key this key causes a bell code to be sent to the host SET UP A B When the terminal is in SET UP mode this key switches the terminal from SET UP A to SET UP or trom SET UP B CO SBEI UE H In SET UP mode this key alternately places the VT100 ON LINE or LOCAL to your system When it is ON LINE the VT100 communicates with your system When it is in LOCAL the VT100 is electrically disconnected from your system x CLEAR ALL TABS In SET UP A this key clears all horizontal tabs set in the VT100 EB CLEAR TAB In SET UP A this key sets or clears individual horizontal tabs ONLINE LOCAL LOCKED Li L2 e CAPS LOCK This key enables the transmission of uppercase alphabetic characters only All numeric and special symbol keys remain in lowercase NO SCROLL When first pressed this key stops the transmission of data from the computer to the VT100 When pressed a second time transmission resumes from where it was stopped Check your local operating procedures to ensure that your system recognizes this key CTRL CTRL When pressed in combination with another key the CTRL key causes the VT100 to transmit a code which has a special meaning to your system TAE IAB This key transmits a tab code ESC This key transmi
34. video output This means that the VT100 video input will not synchronize with any composite video source including the composite video output of another 100 Specifications Dimensions Monitor Height 36 83 cm 14 5 inch Widths 45 72 118 inch Depth 36 20 cm 14 25 inch Height 8 89 cm 3 5 inch Worth 45 72 cm 13 Inch Depth 20 32 cm 8 inch Minimum table depth 51 4 cm 20 25 inch Weight Monitor 13 6 kg 30 105 Keyboard 2 0 kg 4 5 108 Shipping Weight 16 6 41 Lbs Environment Operating Temperature 10 to 40 50 to 104 Relative humidity 10 to 90 Maximum wet bulb 28 C 82 F Minimum dew point 2 C 36 F Altitude 2 4 km 9 000 ft Non Operating Temperature 40 to 66 40 to 151 Relative humidity 0 to 95 Altitude 9 1 km 30 000 tft Power Line Voltage 20 128 V RMS single phase 2 wire 180 256 V RMS single phase 2 wire switch selectable Line Frequency 47 63 Hz Current Input Power Current limiting Power cord Display CRT Format Character Character size Active Display Size Character Set CUrsot type Keyboard General Key Layout Auxiliary Keyboard Visual Indrcsqtors Audible Signals 2 2 A RMS maximum at 115 V RMS 1 1 A RMS maximum at 230 V RMS 250 VA apparent 150 W maximum 3 A normal blow fuse detachable s prong 1291 TE 12 inch diagonal measure P4
35. 0 75 110 134549 LOO 200 200 0007 72200 2500 20005 2200 2600 9005 96004 I9 200 Daud SCREEN BACKGROUND The screen background feature of the VT100 allows the operator to determine the background of the screen In the display contains light the normal screen mode in the reverse screen Characters a dark background mode the display contains dark characters on a light background SCREEN BRIGHTNESS the VT100 does not contain Unlike most video terminals Instead switches or knobs to adjust screen brightness the VT100 electronically controls the screen brightness Ihis feature eliminates the high failure rate of mechanical controls and still allows the operator to select the desired level of brightness for maximum comfort under varied Lrghtaing conditions This setting may be saved like any other feature in the terminal Scrolling the upward or downward movement of existing lines on the screen to make room for new lines at the bottom or top of the screen It can be performed in two ways jump Scroll or smooth scroll in Jump scroll mode new lines appear on the screen as fast as the computer sends them to the terminal At the higher baud rates the data is very difficult to read due to the rapid movement of the lines In smooth scroll mode a limit is placed on the speed at which new lines of data may be sent to the terminal The movement of lines occurs at a smooth steady rate allowing the data
36. 0 p 021 DCI 061 1 121 Q 161 q 022 DC2 062 2 122 R 162 023 DC3 063 3 123 S 163 S 024 DC4 064 4 124 T 16 t 025 NAK 065 5 125 U 165 u 026 SYN 066 6 126 V 166 V 027 ETB 067 7 127 W 16 w 030 CAN 070 8 130 X 170 031 071 9 131 17 032 SUB 072 132 ZA can 2 7 Fill Character Requirements Fill characters are required to keep the VT100 synchronized with the host computer when the XON XOFF control codes are not used Table C 1 shows the 100 fill character requirements for every receive speed at which the terminal is capable of operating No entry ina column indicates that fill characters are not required in that specific case Control Function NEL IND LF RI Smooth scroll feature Receive Baud Rate selected DECALN DEI 19200 384 243 243 9600 192 I 122 4800 96 61 61 2400 48 30 30 2000 40 25 25 1800 36 23 23 1200 24 15 15 600 12 8 8 300 6 4 4 200 4 3 3 150 3 2 2 134 5 B 2 2 110 2 1 1 75 2 1 1 50 1 1 1 Receive Baud Rate Figure 1 1 VT100 Terminal Control Function NEL IND LF RI Smooth scroll feature selected DECALN DE Figure 1 2 VT100 Keyboard KBD ONLINE LOCAL LOCKED Li L2 L3 L4 SET CLEARALL LINE SETUP TOGGLE TRANSMIT RECEIVE 80 132 CLEARTAB TABS LOCAL A B vo SPEED SPEED COLUMNS RESET E e gt s E z i 2 3 4 5 6 g O Kas CAPS BELL SETUP This key is used in conjunction with other keys
37. A displays the location the tab stops xn the terminal and a visual ruler which numbers each character position on the line The second presentation SET UP B summarizes the status of the other terminal Features SET UP A To enter SET UP A press the SET UP key The display will now have a presentation similar to Figure 1 4 The bottom line of the display consists of a ruler which numbers each character position available ona kine The location each tab Stop 15 shown by a T placed above the ruler Le the tab usco s SOL are desired you may exit SET UP mode by pressing the SET UP key again or you may now change the tabs to meet your requirements pbl UP B Sm Pet B May Do Bnteredg from UP A mode To enter SET UP from SET UP A press the 5 key on the main keyboard The display will then look like Figure 1 5 Figure 1 6 summarizes the SET UP B presentation This summary allows you to quickly determine what features are enabled For additional information on a feature refer to the Derinition Or Each Feature section To exit SET UP B press the SET UP key Determining What a SET UP Feature Does The SET UP features are basically a series of options in the VT100 that allow the terminal to be tailored to its operating environment Table 1 1 lists each feature and places it in one or more of the following general categories Installation Computer compati
38. C is the introducer control character 338 that 15 named escape 2 1 I are the intermediate bit combinations that may or may not be present I characters are bit combination 405 to 575 anclusive in Doth 7 and 8 bit environments F 15 the final character characters are bit combinations 608 to 1768 inclusive in escape sequences in both 7 and 8 bit environments The occurrence of characters in the inclusive ranges of 08 to 378 within an escape or control sequence 1s technically an error condition whose recovery is to execute immediately the function specified by the character and then continue with the escape sequence execution The exceptions are If the character ESC occurs the current escape sequence is aborted and a new one commences beginning with the ESC just received If the character CAN 308 or the character SUB 328 occurs the current escape Sequence is aborted Appendix 7 Bit ASCII Code Octal Code Char Octal Code Char Octal Code Char Octal Code Char 000 NUL 040 SP 100 140 001 SOH 041 101 A 141 002 STX 042 102 B 142 b 003 ETX 043 103 Ge Nias 004 044 104 D 144 d 005 ENQ 045 105 E 145 e 006 ACK 046 amp 106 146 f 007 BEL 047 107 G 147 g 010 BS 050 110 150 h O11 HT 051 111 I 151 i 012 LF 052 112 J 152 j 013 VT 053 K 153 k 014 FF 054 114 L 154 1 015 CR 055 115 M 155 m 016 SO 056 116 N 156 n 017 SI 057 117 157 T 020 DLE 060 0 120 P 16
39. E The 100 is capable of displaying either 80 132 characters per line In the 80 character per line mode the screen is 80 characters wide by 24 lines high In the 132 character per line mode the screen is 132 characters wide by 14 lines high 24 lines if the VT100 is equipped with the Advanced Video Option In the 132 character per line mode the displayed lines are physically the same width as in the 80 character per line mode but the characters are more compact NOTE When changing from 80 to 132 character per line lode Or vice versa che current contents the screen are Lost The use of double width characters reduces the number of characters per line by half CURSOR The VT100 offers a choice of two cursor representations to indicate the active position or where the next character will be placed on the screen The cursor may be displayed as either a blinking underline _ ora blanc block ah The cursor selection may perform an additional function see the SGR escape sequence derini tion mmcouaoter 22 INTERLACE This feature is used for high resolution options To reduce screen flicker the interlace feature should be turned off if such option is not installed TONE The keyclick 15 tone which 15 generated every time code transmitting key 15 pressed The keyclick may be turned on or off to suit the operator s needs However research and experience has shown that an operator
40. ECINLM Interlace Any other parameter values are ignored The following modes which are specified in the ANSI X3 64 1977 standard may be considered to be permanently set permanently reset or not applicable as noted Refer to that standard for further information concerning these modes Mode Mnemonic Mode Function State CRM Control representation Reset EBM Batting boundary Reset ERM Erasure set FEAM Format effector action Reset FETM Format rancher Reset GATM G uarded area transrexr NA HEM Horizontal editing NA IRM Insertion replacement Reset KAM Keyboard action Reset MA TM Multiple area transfer NA PUM POSER Reset SATM Selected area transfer NA Mode Mnemonic Mode Function State SRTM Status reporting transfer Reset TSM Tabulation Stop Reset Transfer termination NA VEM Vertical editing NA Valid VT52 Mode Control Sequences Cursor Up ESC A Move the active position upward one position without altering the horizontal position If an attempt is made to move the cursor above the top margin the cursor stops at the top margin Cursor Down ESC B Move the active position downward one position without altering the horizontal position If an attempt is made to move the cursor below the bottom margin the cursor stops at the bottom margin Cursor Right ESC C Move the active position to the right If attempt as made to move the cursor to the right of the right margin t
41. OR MA 1996 Figure 4 4 Terminal Controller Board ACCESS COVER WITH 20mA OPTION i 4 TERMINAL ph n CONTROLLER BOARD MA Table 1 1 Categories of SET UP Features SET UP Feature Installation Computer Compatibility Operator Comfort ANSI VT52 Mode X ANSWERBACK Message X AUTO REPEAT X AUTO XON XOFF X BITS PER CHARACTER X CHARACTERS PER LINE X CURSOR X INTERLACE X KEYCLICK X LINE LOCAL X MARGIN BELL X NEW LINE X PARITY X PARITY SENSE X POWER X RECEIVE SPEED X SCREEN BACKGROUND X SCREEN BRIGHTNESS X SCROLL X TABS X TRANSMIT SPEED X WRAPAROUND X 3 x shifted Table 1 2 SET UP Feature Change Summary Changed In SET SET UPA UPB SET UP Feature Mode Mode ANSI VT52 Mode X ANSWERBACK X Message AUTO REPEAT X AUTO XON X XOFF BITS PER X CHARACTER CHARACTERS x PER LINE CURSOR X INTERLACE X KEYCLICK X LINE LOCAL X MARGIN BELL NEW LINE X A special sequence is required for this feature Key Used 5 va e Changed In SET SET UPA UPB SET UP Feature Mode Mode PARITY x PARITY SENSE x POWER x RECEIVE SPEED X SCREEN X BACKGROUND SCREEN BRIGHTNESS 2 i SCROLL x TABS X TRANSMIT X SPEED WRAPAROUND X zt 3 X shifted aS A O lt die E o d e a Table 1 3 Nonfatal Displayed Error Codes Chie Fault Detected eue Fault Detected Displaye
42. VT100 User Guide dlilgli tall USER GUIDE Transferred Into PDF Format Edwin Rhodes PIE Software Inc 2004 CODnLents Chapter 1 Operator Information Pare 1 Keyboard Control and Indicators o Monrrtor Controls Audible Indicators Tones Part 2 Set Up Mode o XBEICUP FPealures at d Glance o Determining What a SET UP Feature Does o To Change e SEI UP Feature o Setting the Answerback Message o Saving the SET UP Features o Recalling SET UP Features o Resetting the Terminal Part 3 Derin tion or Bach SET UP Feature Part 4 Self Testing the VT100 o ele Pes cosas Part 5 What Do in the Event of a Problem Chapter 2 Installation Interface Information and Speci1ificatiomns e Installation e Site Considerations Unpacking and Maintenance o User Maintenance Interface Information o EIA Interface amp P ea Che Optional 20 mA Current Loop Interface o External Video Connections VT100 Specifications e How to Order Hardware Documentation Chapter 3 Programmer Information e The Keyboard Communvecat ons Protocols e Terminal Control Commands o Control Characters o Control Sequences o Valid ANSI Mode Control Sequences amp CPR Cursor Position Report HOSE CUB Cursor Backward Host to STP TOO ELOU EO HOSE CUD Cursor Down Host to VIT00O and HOSE w C
43. a checkerboard character on the screen in place of the character with the error The parity sense feature determines 1f the parity 15 Sven Or odd Wien parity ds disabled no parity bit is transmitted or received NOTE If the parity feature is turned off the parity sense selection will be disregarded PARITY SENSE The parity sense feature defines which of the two methods of parity checking odd or even is being used by the 100 If the parity feature is on the terminal s parity sense must be matched to the parity the computer is sending If the parity sense features do not match most characters sent to the computer will be rejected even though the character was received correctly by the 100 If a parity incompatibility occurs the checkerboard character will be shown on the screen in place of the received character POWER During the initial installation the terminal display must be set to the power line frequency In the U S this IS set to 60 hertz RECEIVE SPEED Ihe receive speed must be set to match the computer transmit speed The 100 is capable of receiving at any one of the following preselected speeds 50 75 110 134 5 oO 2900 2500 OU 1200 L800 20004 24090 3600 49005 9600 19 200 Daud SCREEN BACKGROUND Ihe screen background feature of the VT100 allows the operator to determine the background of the screen In the normal screen mode the display contains light characters on a dark backg
44. al through the transmit baud rate settings in ascending order dMilfrocciE 1 0 When the terminal is in SET UP B mode this key turns the selected operational feature on or off ONLINE LOCAL LOCKED Li L2 SET CLEAR ALL LINE SETUP TOGGLE TRANSMIT LAM QN CLEARTAB TABS LOCAL AlB WO SPEED SPEED COLUMNS RESET n mn BENGHUOGHUSBBHE Sooo G BELL G When pressed in combination with the CTRL key this key causes a bell code to be sent to the host ES SET UP A B When the terminal is in SET UP mode this key switches the terminal trom SEI UP to SET UP B or from SET UP B Lo SEI UP A E In SET UP mode this key alternately places the VT100 ON LINE or LOCAL to your system When it is ON LINE the VT100 communicates with your system When it is in LOCAL the VT100 is electrically disconnected from your system CLEAR ALL TABS In SET UP A this key clears all horizontal tabs set in the VT100 H TAB In SET UP A this key sets or clears individual horizontal tabs CAPS LOCK This key enables the transmission of uppercase alphabetic characters only All numeric and special symbol keys remain in lowercase NO SCROLL When first pressed this key stops the transmission of data from the computer to the 100 When pressed second time transmission resumes from where it was stopped Check your local o
45. anced Video Option OO 188 UE 4 L2 14 122 Remove power from the terminal by disconnecting the Unplug the keyboard Figure 4 1 Unplug any connectors from the composite video pnputzoubtpult jacks Disconnect the communications cable With a blade type screwdriver loosen the four captive screws holding the access cover If the 20 mA Current Loop Option is installed gently pull the access cover away from the terminal about 2 inches then reach in and disconnect a5 from Ene terminal controller board REMOVE the access Cover Remove any graphic or STP cables Remove the terminal controller board by gently but firmly p lling the straight our Lhe terminal controller board is located in the leftmost slot in the card cage viewed from the rear Place the terminal controller board on a flat surface with the component side up Figure 4 2 Locate the four mounting holes drilled in the terminal controller board mount a standoff in each Grasp the advanced video board by the edges and carefully align the connector pins with the connector on the terminal controller board Gently but firmly mount the advanced video board onto the terminal controller board Reinstall the terminal controller board The terminal controller board must be inserted into the leftmost slot in the card cage Reinstall all cables removed Reinstall the access cover Advanced Vi
46. ated entering SET UP mode and changing features does not result in the loss of data displayed on the screen ANSI VT52 Mode The VT100 terminal follows two different programming Standards American National Standards Institute ANSI and VT52 In ANSI mode the VT100 will generate and respond to coded sequences per ANSI standards X3 41 1974 and X3 64 1977 In VT52 mode the VT100 terminal is compatible with previous DIGITAL software using the VT52 video terminal Both ANSI and VT52 modes are outlined in the programmer s section of this manual ANSWERBACK Message Answerback is a question and answer sequence where the host computer asks the terminal to identify itself The VT100 answerback features provides the terminal with the capability to identify itself by sending a message to the host The entire answerback sequence takes place automatically without affecting the screen or requiring operator action The answerback message may also be transmitted by typing CTRL BREAK AUTO REPEAT The auto repeat feature allows a key to be automatically repeated at the rate of about 30 characters per second when the key is held down for more than one half second auto repeat feature affects all keyboard keys except the following SET UP ESC e NO SCROLL e TAB e RETURN and any key AUTO XON XOFF The VT100 15 capable of automatically generating synchronizing codes XON DCl and XOFF DC3 The code is used
47. ault value O0 Erases some or all characters in the active line according to the parameter Editor Function Parameter Parameter Meaning 0 Erase from the active position to the end of the line inclusive default 1 Erase from the start of the screen to the active position inclusive 2 Erase all of the line inclusive HTS Horizontal Tabulation Set ESC Set one horizontal stop at the active position Format BIIOOLOE HVP Horizontal and Vertical Position ESC Pn Pn default value 1 Moves the active position to the position specified by the parameters This sequence has two parameter values the first specifying the line position and the second specifying the column A parameter value of either zero one causes the active position to move to the first line or column in the display respectively The default condition with no parameters present moves the active position to the home position In the 100 this control behaves identically with its editor function counterpart CUP The numbering of lines and columns depends on the reset or set state of the origin mode DECOM Format IND Index ESC D This sequence causes the active position to move downward one line without changing the column position If the active position is at the bottom margin a scroll up 15 performed Format LNM Line Feed New Line Mode This is a parameter applicable to set mode SM and
48. bility Operator comfort The installation category concerns itself with the initial installation of the terminal and any special options that may be attached to the terminal If any terminal options are added or removed or the physical location of the installation is changed verify the settings of these SET UP features Computer compatibility contains the features which must be set correctly so that the VT100 can communicate with the host computer An error in these settings may cause incorrect data to be sent to or received from the computer or an error may prevent the VT100 from communicating with the computer The settings for these features must be obtained from the host computer programmer operator or system manager since there are many combinations of settings designed to work with particular computers and special software These feature settings would normally change only when you need to communicate with a different computer or a unique software package The operator comfort category contains the SET UP features designed exclusively for the operator These features allow the operator to tailor the VT100 to fit individual preference These features do not affect any operations that occur between the terminal and the compuer Ene next section Detinrtrion ot Rach SEI CUP Pegbure describes the specific function of each feature How Change e Feature Changing any QE all cor the SEP UP Teatures Ls lt a
49. both the local and remote data sets to disconnect For modems that are connected via the 20 mA current loop issuing the long Space may disconnect the remote data set only Ihe CTRL and BREAK keys typed together cause the transmission of the answerback message The BREAK key does not function when the VT100 is in LOCAL mode Auto Repeating All keys will auto repeat except SET UP ESC NO SCROLL TAB RETURN and any key pressed with CTRL Auto repeating works as follows when a key is typed its code s is sent once immediately If the key is held down for more than second the code s will be sent repeatedly at a rate of approximately 30 Hz less if low transmit baud rates are used until the key is released CTRL Control The CTRL key is used in conjunction with other keys on the keyboard to generate control codes If the CTRL key is held down when any of the keys in Table 3 5 are typed the code actually transmitted is in the range 0004 0375 Cursor Control The keyboard also contains four keys labeled with arrows in each of four directions These keys transmit control sequences If the host echoes these control sequences back to the terminal the cursor will move one character up down right or left Table 3 6 shows the control sequences generated by each key Auxiliary Keypad The keys on the auxiliary keypad normally transmit the codes for the numerals decimal point minus sign and comma In addition the key labele
50. d AVO NVR KBD Data EIA Displayed AVO NVR KBD Data EIA 1 x 2 X X x 3 X X B X X X C X X X 5 X X D X x 6 X X E X X X 7 X X x G X X x x 5 H X X 2 X I X X X X X X 1 X X 5 X X K X X X s X X L s 7 X X M X 3 Bee N OK 5 X X X Xd TX Symptom VT100 will not turn ON when the power switch is set to ON No keyboard response Garbled or Error 2 Characters Several successive long tones Table 1 4 Problem Checklist Possible Cause and Corrective Action AC power cord 15 not plugged into wall outlet plug in cord AC power cord 15 not plugged into the terminal plug in cord Power is not coming from the wall outlet check outlet with a known working electrical device such as a lamp If no power call your electrician AC line fuse blown turn terminal OFF and have the fuse replaced See Figure 1 3 for location Keyboard cable not plugged into monitor plug in keyboard cable KBD LOCKED indicator on computer has turned the keyboard off The KBD LOCKED conditions may be cleared by entering and exiting the SET UP mode If this condition persists check with the host computer software people for a possible operating error Perform the self test operation Incorrect SET UP feature selection correct the SET UP features Suggested SET UP features which may be in error ANSI VT52 mode Auto XON XOFF Bits per character Parity Parity sense Receiver speed Transmit s
51. d ENTER transmits the same code as the RETURN key Ihe host cannot tell if these keys were typed on the auxiliary keypad as opposed to the corresponding keys on the main keyboard Therefore software which requires considerable numeric data entry need not be rewritten to use the keypad However if software must be able to distinguish between pressing a key on the auxiliary keypad and pressing the corresponding key on the main keyboard the host can give the terminal command to place it in keypad application mode In keypad application mode all keys on the auxiliary keypad are defined to give control sequences which may be used by the host as user defined functions The codes sent by the auxiliary keypad for the four combinations of the VT52 ANSI mode and keypad numeric application mode are shown in Tables 3 7 and 3 8 None of the keys are affected by pressing the SHIFT CAPS LOCK or CIRL keys Special Graphics Characters If the Special Graphics set is selected the graphics for ASCII codes 137 through 1764 will be replaced according to Table 3 9 See the SCS control sequence Communications Protocols Full Duplex The terminal can operate at transmission speeds up to 19 200 baud However the terminal may not be able to keep up with incoming data The terminal stores incoming characters in a 64 character buffer and processes them on a first in first out basis When the content of the buffer reaches 32 characters the terminal will
52. deo Option Checkout Use the following procedure to check out the operation of the Advanced Video Option us Turn the terminal power on and verify that no error was detected during the power up self test Press the SET UP key The words SET UP A should 2m boldbaee y Ene words LO should be underlined and the ruler should contain alternating normal and reverse video fields Place the terminal in the 132 column mode and then in the LOCAL mode Exit SET UP and type the following sequence BOC ES 0 The screen should now display 24 lines x 132 columns 20 mA Current Loop Option 1 The 20 mA Current Loop Option allows the VT100 to connect directly to the host computer over a short distance without using a modem The specifications for the 20 mA Current Loop Option are located in Chapter 2 of this manual under interface information 20 mA Current Loop Option Installation Use the following procedure to install the 20 mA Current Option 1 Remove power from the terminal by disconnecting the ac plugs 2 Unplug the keyboard 3 Unplug any connectors from the composite video input output jacks 4 Disconnect the communications cable 5 With a blade type screwdriver loosen the four captive screws holding the access cover then remove Che cover 6 Set the TRANS switch to the NORMAL position Figure 4 3 the terminal must provide current
53. dition When the terminal 15 on line the keyboard ON LINE indicator is ON all characters typed on the keyboard are sent directly to the computer and messages from the computer are displayed on the screen In the LOCAL condition the keyboard LOCAL indicator 15 ON the terminal is electrically disconnected from the computer messages are not sent to or received from the Computer and characters typed on The Keyboard are echoed on the screen directly MARGIN BELL The margin bell feature is much the same as the bell ina typewriter If the cursor is eight characters from the end of the current line while typing the VT100 sounds a tone to alert the operator NEW LINE The new line feature enables the RETURN key on the terminal to function like the RETURN key on an electric typewriter When the new line feature is enabled pressing the RETURN key generates the carriage return CR and line feed LF codes When a line feed code 15 received the code is interpreted a carriage return and line feed NOTE If double line feeds occur consistently turn this feature off since the computer is already performing this FUNCTION automatically When the new line feature is disabled the RETURN key generates only the CR Code LE code Causes tne terminal to perform a line feed only PARITY Parity when enabled checks for correct data transmissions Lr a transmission error occurs the VILI00 can detect it and indicate its presence by placing
54. drop Zo N voltage marking Voltage drop Aw V Spacing current 3 0 mA marking Currents 240 mA Marking current Lo mA 50 mA Marking current 20 mA50 mA In addition to the above specifications for passive operation active mode will place the transmitter or receiver in series with a source of 17 V 5 percent and 660 Ohms External Video Connections In addition to the EIA interface che VT100 1s also capable of easily interfacing to external video devices The video devices may act either a slave to the VT100 when connected to the composite video output or provide synchronized video to the VT100 video section when connected to the video input The external video connectors are the two female BNC connectors located on the back of the terminal just below the EIA connector The upper connector J8 is the video input while the lower connector J9 15 the video output Composite Video Output 79 The composite video output provides RS17 0 like output see note generated by combining the video signal with a composite sync signal This output contains all video data appearing on the VT100 screen except that video which comes from 28 The output has the following nominal characteristics Refer to Figure 2 4 1 Output impedance 75 ohms dc coupled Sync level 0 V 3 Black level approximately 0 3 V when loaded with Fo OMS 4 White level approximately 1 0 V with a 75 ohm load 5 The composite s
55. e Width Commands Change this Change this Change this Change this line to line to line to line to double height top half double height bottom half ESC single width single height ESC double width single height ESC the default ESC w W Character Attributes ESC m Ps refers to a selective parameter Multiple parameters are separated by the semicolon character 0734 The parameters are executed in order and have the following meanings or None All Attributes Off 1 Bold on 4 Underscore on Blink 7 Reverse video Any other parameter values are ignored Erasing From cursor to end of line Bow or A From beginning of line to cursor 4 Entire line containing cursor Boo 2 B From Cursor to end or screen Boo T al From beginning of screen to cursor ESC 1 J Entire screen BSC 2 G Programmable LEDs How PBIEBI sa e g Ps are selective parameters separated by semicolons 0734 and executed in order as follows or None All LEDs Off Ld xn 2 L2 3 L3 On 4 L4 On Any other parameter values are ignored Character Sets GO and Gl Designators The GO and Gl character sets are designated as follows GO G1 EHarecter SEE designator designator United Kingdom UK ESC ESC A United States USASCIT Bou 41 E Bol 1 B 1 Special graphics characters and ESC
56. e implemented a delay of no less than 10 seconds may be used to allow the terminal time to complete the invoked function This method however does not guarantee against the loss of data when an invoked function has detected an error and while this delay is currently adequate future options may require a change in the time delay The XOFF XON synchronization scheme has advantage over requiring the host to insert delays or filler characters in its data stream Requiring a minimum of software support XON XOFF ensures that every character or command sent to the VT100 will be processed in correct order It frees interface programs from all timing considerations and results in more reliable operation In addition to the buffer filling condition there are two other means of transmitting XOFF and XON the NO key Control S Control the feature is enabled the VT100 will coordinate these three sources of XOFF and XON so that the desired effect occurs For example if the buffer filling condition has caused an XOFF to be sent and then the operator types the NO SCROLL key a second XOFF is not sent Instead of sending an XON when the buffer empties the 100 waits until the operator types the NO SCROLL key again before sending XON Also entering SET UP mode causes the 100 to temporarily stop taking characters from the buffer An XOFF will be sent if the buffer becomes nearly full Use of Contro
57. ed in the upper left corner of the screen The entire test takes approximately six seconds to run NOTE The data loopback test can be repeated indefinitely by typing ESC 2 10 y This test ends only when an error is detected or the terminal power is turned off 6 loopback error is shown by 8 being displayed in the upper left corner of the screen If an error is detected check the 20 mA board connectors and Switch settings and then repeat Step 5 If the error persists contact your service organization 7 Once the test 15 complete return the 20 mA current loop board switches to the original positions remove Lhe loopback connector replace the access cover and reconnect the terminal to communications Lae Communications Cables The communications cables available for use with the 100 are listed in Chapter 5 Chapter 5 Accessories and Supplies General The VT100 video terminal is a data transaction terminal supporting a wide variety of user controllable character and screen attributes Additional features include smooth scrolling selectable column widths and typewriter like detachable keyboard The following describes VT100 supplies and accessories Coupler P ai k 5 Key C apa oMBInbanance ka s Print ine u reo in E H bw 5 i 5 Ey 4 Cataog Stand 1 Screan Filte
58. ension cable 14 conductor used with VELOO for modem Connections Zo TE 7 6 m Temale tO 5 2 32 male EIA extension cable 14 conductor used with LOO TOr modem Connect rons QU XE 2115 72 MATE N LOK to MATE N LOK 20 mA direct connection between VT100 with a 20 mA option installed and a line unit 15 ft 4 6 m MATE N LOK to MATE N LOK 20 mA direct connection between VT100 with a 20 mA option installed and a line unit 50 ft I5 MATBE N hOK to MATESN LOK 20 mA direct connection between VT100 with a 20 mA option installed and a line unit 100 ft CoD o tis Female female null modem cable 1000 ft 304 8 m 20 mA current loop extension cable 15 ft 4 6 m 20 mA current loop extension cable 20 mA current loop extension cable Ss SEE m ltem Number T For use with a DF01 A Acoustic Coupler DEC Part Number Descorriptoeon POM 443 OF XD cable must be disconnected t 05 15 cable is shipped with the 1 option Item Number 1 1 1 1 157 12 12 12 12 12 DEC Part Number BCZ22 10 22 25 105 Doo 255 2 10 BC23A 25 FC H9850 DA H99550 DB HOSS UDG 20 00 H9950 DE Description EIA RS232 female female null modem cable shielded 10 ft 3 0 m EIA RS232 female female null modem cable shielded 25 ft 7
59. er left character position on the screen Line and column numbers are therefore independent of current margin settings The cursor may be positioned outside the margins with a CUrSsOr position CUP of horizontal and vertical position HVE COnerol The set state causes the origin to be at the upper left character position within the margins Line and column numbers are therefore relative to the current margin settings The cursor is not allowed to be positioned outside the margins The cursor is moved to the new home position when this mode 15 set or reset Lines and columns are numbered consecutively with the origin being line 1 column 1 DECRC Restore Cursor DEC Private ESC 8 This sequence causes the previously saved cursor position graphic rendition and character set to be restored DECREPTPARM Report Terminal Parameters ESC sol par nbits xspeed rspeed clkmul flags x These sequence parameters are explained below in the DECREQTPARM sequence DECREOTPARM Request Terminal Parameters ESC sol x The sequence DECREPTPARM is sent by the terminal controller to notify the host of the status of selected terminal parameters The status sequence may be sent when requested by the host or at the terminal s discretion DECREPTPARM is sent upon receipt of a DECREQTPARM power up or reset the VT100 is inhibited from sending unsolicited reports Ihe meanings of the seque
60. ers to be entered in calculator fashion Each key in the numeric keypad generates the same character as the corresponding numeric key on the main keyboard The ENTER key corresponds to the RETURN key These keys may also be interpreted by the host computer as special function keys Consult your local operating procedures for the meanings of these keys DELETE This key causes the VT100 to transmit a delete character code LO The most System Ine deleted Character May or May not be erased from the screen RETURA RETURN This key transmits either a carriage return CR code or a carriage return CR and linefeed LF code This is a SET UP selectable feature LINE FEEL LINEPFEED This key transmits a linefeed code SHIFT EH LET When pressed this key enables the uppercase function of all keys If a key does not have uppercase function the SHIFT key will be disregarded When the terminal is in SET UP mode this key starts the reset sequence This has the same result as turning the terminal power off and then on 0 132 COLUMNS When the terminal is in SET UP A mode this key switches the display line size from 80 to 132 characters per line or from 132 to 80 characters per line E _ IVE SPEED When the terminal is in SET UP B mode this key steps the terminal through the receive baud rate settings in ascending order amp B SPEED When the terminal is in SET UP B mode this key steps the termin
61. for direct cursor address are single character codes whose values are the desired number plus 37g Line and column numbers start at d NOTE 2 Response to ESC Z is ESC 7 Chapter 4 VT100 Options The VT100 has available options which are designed to enhance the basic terminal and allow its use in a wide range of applications The options currently available are VTIXX AA 20 Current Loop Option Advanced Video Option In the future additional options will be available which will further enhance the basic VT100 Contact the nearest DIGITAL Sales Office for further information and how to order the options Advanced Video Option 1 The Advanced Video Option enhances the basic VT100 by adding the following features 10 additional lines of 132 column display this capability is added to the VT100 by providing additional display memory The screen can now display a total of 24 lines in either 80 or 132 column format Additional character attributes the VT100 is now capable of highlighting any character s on the Screen in any of the following ways Bold Blink Underline Reverse Any combination of the above e Capability of an additional character generator ROM this capability is added to the VT100 by providing the memory required to access a second character generator O O O O O Advanced Video Option Installation Use the following procedure to install the Adv
62. have been performed SET UP features which had been temporarily stored will now be stored on a fixed basis Recalling SET UP Features Ihe temporarily stored SET UP feature settings may differ from the settings which have been stored on a fixed basis If you wish to return to the fixed settings perform the recall operation as follows 1 Place the terminal in SET UP mode 2 Press the SHIFT and R keys simultaneously The screen will clear and the message wait will appear in the upper left corner of the screen After a brief wait the terminal will return to SET UP A mode NOTE When a recall operation is performed the contents of the screen are destroyed Resetting the Terminal The 100 may be reset from the keyboard When the terminal is reset the terminal memory is cleared and the self test program is run as if the terminal power switch had been turned OFF and then back ON To reset the terminal 1 Place the terminal in SET UP mode 2 Press the 0 key on the main keyboard The VT100 will be reset the power on self test will be run and the terminal will set according to the fixed SET UP features NOTE When a reset operation is performed the contents of the screen are destroyed and any options present may be affected Part 3 Definition of Each SET UP Feature This section describes each SET UP feature in detail in alphabetical order and states how each feature affects the terminal NOTE Unless otherwise st
63. he cursor above the feature switch tab stop to be Changed To position Che Cursor the SPACEBAR MM Ed TAB and RETURN keys may be used Some features do not use this step since a specific key is dedicated to changing the feature 4 Change the feature setting by pressing either the 60 key on the main keyboard or the appropriate dedicated key Each time the key is pressed the feature will change generally to the opposite State Table 1 2 briefly summarizes the SET UP features the SET UP mode you must be in to change a given feature and the key used to change the feature setting Setting the Answerback Message Setting the answerback message is different from setting any of the other terminal features An answerback message can be typed into the VT100 using the following steps 1 Place the terminal in SET UP B mode 2 Press the SHIFT and A key simultaneously The terminal will respond by placing A on the screen The SHIFT key is required The CAPS LOCK key will not work here 3 Type the message delimiter character which may be any character not used in the actual answerback mesage The message delimiter character is not a part of the answerback message If a mistake is made when typing the answerback message type the message delimiter character again and go back to step 2 This is the only way to correct errors in the answerback message 4 Type the answerback message The message may be up to 20 characters including
64. he cursor stops at the right margin Cursor Left ESC D Move the active position one position to the left If an attempt is made to move the cursor to the left of the left margin the cursor stops at the left margin Enter Graphics Mode ESC Causes the special graphics character set to be used NOTE The special graphics characters in the 100 are different from those in the VT5Z Exit Graphics Mode ESC This sequence causes the standard ASCII character set to be used Cursor to Home ESC H Move the cursor to the home position Reverse Line Feed ESC I Move the active position upward one position without altering the column position If the active position is at the top margin a scroll down is performed Erase to End of Screen ESC J Erase all characters from the active position to the end of the screen The active position is not changed Erase to End of Line ESC K Erase all characters from the active position to the end of the current line The active position is not changed Direct Cursor Address ESC Y line column Move the cursor to the specified line and column The line and column numbers are sent as ASCII codes whose values are the number plus 0373 e g 040g refers to the first line or column 0504 refers to the eighth line Column eta Identify ESC 2 This sequence causes the terminal to send its identifier escape sequence to the host This sequence is ESC Z
65. he two character sets is one character the or symbol When the standard U S character set is selected the uppercase 3 key on the main keyboard displays the character The character is displayed when the U K character set 15 SegecU es Part 4 Self Testing the VT100 A self test mode is built into the 100 that automatically or on command tests the condition of the terminal should a fault be suspected The self test program checks the following items Advanced Video Memory if option is installed Nonvolatile Memory NVR Internal Memory Keyboard This test is performed automatically whenever the terminal 15 turned on Self Test Error Codes There are two broad categories of errors fatal and nonfatal Fatal errors cause the terminal to immediately stop all operations No intelligible information is displayed on the screen however the screen most likely contains a random pattern of characters The only error indication in addition to the random characters is a possible error code displayed on the programmable keyboard LEDs Ll L4 however no terminal function including the lighting of LEDs is guaranteed if a fatal error is NOTE The loopback and EIA modem control tests are not performed on power up they must be invoked separately with the proper escape sequence See the programmer s section for further information on these tests Nonfatal errors do not halt the terminal processor Ins
66. high 24 lines if the VT100 is equipped with the Advanced Video Option In the 132 character per line mode the displayed lines are physically the same width as in the 80 character per line mode but the characters are more compact NOTE When changing from 80 to 132 character per line mode Or wrce versa the Current OcoBbents or tbe screen are lost The use of double width characters reduces the number of Characters per line by half CURSOR The VT100 offers a choice of two cursor representations to indicate the active position or where the next character will be placed on the screen The cursor may be displayed as either a blinking underline _ ora DlLinking Dock al The cursor selection may perform an additional function see the SGR escape sequence definition in Chapter 3 INTERLACE TALS Testi 28 used ror resolution optorons reduce screen flicker the interlace feature should be turned off if such an option is not installed KEYCLICK TONE The keyclick is a tone which is generated every Lime a code transmitting key is pressed The keyclick may be turned or off to suit the operator s needs However research and experience has shown that an operator is more accurate when there is an audible feedback from the keyboard Like the bell tone the keyclick volume is not adjustable LINE LOCAL The LINE LOCAL feature allows the operator to easily place the terminal in either an ON LINE or a LOCAL off line con
67. high x 36 inches wide x 30 inches deep 68 6 cm x 91 4 cm x 76 2 cm with levelers Terminal table 27 inches high x 24 inches wide x 30 inches deep 68 6 cm x 61 0 cm x 76 2 cm with levelers Work station desk with blue front panel and gray side panels levelers 48 inches wide x 30 inches high x 30 inches deep 22 5932 em X 6 2 em Work station desk with brown front panel and brown side panels levelers 48 inches wide x 30 inches high x 30 inches deep 122 cm X oue zr CM x DURO V em Split top add on work station one side panel Splat top standalone unit Split top dual add on unit uses H9610 end panels for support Media Mate file or shelf storage cart with with casters and lockable drawer 25 25 inches high x 15 inches deep x 18 5 inches wide 64 1 cm x 38 1 cm x 47 0 cm Terminals and Communications Handbook VT100 User s Guide Item Number DEC Part Number Description 16 16 16 16 VT100 Mini Maintenance Manual VT100 Video Terminal IPB ER CATLOD RC VT100 Program Reference Manual VT100 Technical Manual MP 0063 3 VT100 Maintenance Prints Spares Kit ltem DEC Part Number Number Description 4A VT100 VT100 Spares Kit 4A LOTVT AA Lot of 10 30 16080 01 XFRMR fly back ELSTON AA ChOTVI AB Lot 10 S0 16090 02 BC Board Assy ELSTON AAR LOTVIA AC BOC Or 20 S4 13009 Basic Video JZA LOIVI AD Lot of 10 70 14979 Power Sup
68. ht margin if no further tab stops are present on the line This code causes a line feed or a new line operation See new line mode Interpreted as LF Interpreted as LF Move cursor to the left margin on the current line Invoke G1 character set as designated by SCS control sequence Select GO character set as selected by ESC sequence Causes terminal to resume transmission Causes terminal to stop transmitted all codes except XOFF and XON If sent during a control sequence the sequence is immediately terminated and not executed It also causes the error character to be displayed Interpreted as CAN Invokes a control sequence Ignored on input not stored in input buffer Appendix Fill Character Requirements Fill characters are required to keep the VT100 synchronized with the host computer when the XON XOFF control codes are not used Table C 1 shows the VT100 fill character requirements for every receive speed at which the terminal is capable of operating No entry in a column indicates that fill characters are not required in that specific case Control Function NEL IND LF RI Smooth Receive scroll Baud feature Rate selected DECALN 19200 384 243 9600 192 122 4800 96 61 2400 48 30 2000 40 25 1800 36 23 1200 24 15 600 12 8 300 6 4 200 4 3 150 3 2 134 5 3 2 110 2 1 75 2 50 1 1 DECCOLM 243 22 61 30 25 23 15 ED 90 45 23 li NEL IND LF RI
69. ich liquids coins paper clips and other objects can fall Such objects would disturb the electronic operation of the terminal if they came into contact with the circuitry For this reason avoid putting drinks and metal objects on the top of the terminal or using excessive water to clean the terminal Rubbing the keys with a dry or barely moist cloth should suffice to clean them Do not remove the keycaps to clean them more thoroughly damage may result to the switch contacts if they are replaced incorrectly Keep the ventilation slots clear Blocking these slots by placing objects on top of or under the VT100 may cause the terminal to overheat Interface Information EIA Interface The basic VT100 operates on full duplex asynchronous communication lines The terminal interfaces to the line with a 25 pin connector mounted on the back of the terminal which meets the requirements of EIA specification RS 232 C Table 2 1 summarizes the EIA connector signals the following paragraphs explain each signal as used in the basic 100 Protective Ground Pan 2 This conductor is electrically bonded to the VT100 chassis Use of this conductor for reference potential purposes is not allowed Transmitted Data from 100 Pin 2 The 100 transmits serially encoded characters and break Signals on This Circuit which s held an the mark state when neither characters nor break signals are being transmitted Received Data to VT100
70. ield Service personnel DECANM ANSI VT52 Mode DEC Private This 1S a private parameter applicable to set mode SM and reset mode RM control sequences The reset state causes only VT52 compatible escape sequences to be interpreted and executed The set state causes only ANSI compatible escape and control sequences to be interpreted and executed DECARM Auto Repeat Mode DEC Private This is a private parameter applicable to set mode SM and reset mode RM control sequences The reset state Causes no keyboard keys to auto repeat The Set state causes certain keyboard keys to auto repeat DECAWM Autowrap Mode DEC Private This is a private parameter applicable to set mode SM and reset mode RM control sequences The reset state causes any displayable characters received when the cursor is at the right margin to replace any previous Characters there Ihe sel stale causes these characters to advance to the start of the next line doing a scroll up if required and permitted DECCKM Cursor Keys Mode DEC Private This is a private parameter applicable to set mode SM and reset mode RM control sequences This mode is only effective when the terminal is in keypad application mode see DECKPAM and the ANSI VT52 mode DECANM is set see DECANM Under these conditions if the cursor key mode 15 reset the four cursor function keys will send ANSI cursor control commands If cursor key mode is set the four cursor f
71. ing the column position The number of lines moved is determined by the parameter If the parameter value is zero or one the active position is moved one line downward If the parameter value is n the active position is moved n lines downward In an attempt is made to move the cursor below the bottom margin the cursor stops at the bottom margin Editor Function CUF Cursor Forward Host to VT100 and VT100 to Host ESC Pn C default value 1 The sequence moves the active position to the right The distance moved is determined by the parameter A parameter value of zero or one moves the active position one position to the right A parameter value of n moves the active position n positions to the right If an attempt is made to move the cursor to the right of the right margin the cursor stops at the right margin EO tOE FURCTION CUP Cursor Position ESC Pn Pn H default value 1 The CUP sequence moves the active position to the position specified by the parameters This sequence has two parameter values the first specifying the line position and the second specifying the column position A parameter value of zero or one for the first or second parameter Moves the active position to the first Line column in the display respectively The default condition with no parameters present 15 equivalent toa cursor to home action In the VT100 this control behaves identically with its format effector counterpart HVP
72. instantaneously The set state causes scrolls to be smooth at a maximum rate of six lines per second DECSCNM Screen Mode DEC Private This 1S a private parameter applicable to set mode SM and reset mode RM control sequences The reset state causes the screen to be black with white characters The set state causes the screen to be white with black Characters DECSTBM Set Top and Bottom Margins DEC Private ESC Pn default values see below This sequence sets the top and bottom margins to define the scrolling region The first parameter is the line number of the first line in the scrolling region the second parameter is the line number of the bottom line in the scrolling region Default is the entire screen no margins The minimum size of the scrolling region allowed is two lines 1 the top margin must be less than the bottom margin The cursor is placed in the home position see Origin Mode DECOM DECSWL Single width Line DEC Private ESC 5 This causes the line which contains the active position to become single width single height The cursor remains on the same character position This is the default condition for all new lines on the screen DECTST Invoke Confidence Test ESC 2 Ps y Ps is the parameter indicating the test to be done Ps is computed by taking the weight indicated for each desired test and adding them together If Ps is 0 no test is performed but the 100
73. into the VT100 that automatically or on command tests the condition of the terminal should a fault be suspected The self test program checks the following items Advanced Video Memory if option is installed e Nonvolatile Memory NVR e Internal Memory e Keyboard This test is performed automatically whenever the terminal is turned on Self Test Error Codes There are two broad categories of errors fatal and nonfatal Fatal errors cause the terminal to immediately stop all operations No intelligible information is displayed on the screen however the screen most likely contains a random pattern of characters The only error indication addition to the random characters 15 a possible error code displayed on the programmable keyboard LEDs 11 14 however no terminal function including the lighting of LEDs 15 guaranteed if a fatal error is NOTE The loopback and EIA modem control tests are not performed on power up they must be invoked separately with the proper escape sequence See the programmer s section for further information on these tests Nonfatal errors do not halt the terminal processor Instead the terminal is forced to LOCAL mode and an error code character is displayed in the upper left corner Of the screen There are five types of nonfatal errors AVO Advanced Video Option data RAM NVR Nonvolatile data RAM checksum error KBD Keyboard missing or malfunction Data Data Loopback er
74. ion only one type of character attribute is possible as determined by the cursor selection in that case specifying either the underscore or the reverse attribute will activate the currently selected attribute See cursor selection in Chapter 1 SM Set Mode ESC Ps Ps h default value none Causes one or more modes to be set within the VT100 as specified by each selective parameter in the parameter string Each mode to be set is specified by a separate parameter A mode is considered set until it is reset by a reset mode RM control sequence TBC Tabulation Clear ESC Ps g default value O0 Parameter Parameter Meaning Clear the horizontal tab stop at the active position the default case 3 Clear all horizontal tab Stops Any other parameter values are ignored Format Effector Modes The following is a list of VT100 modes which may changed with set mode SM and reset mode RM controls ANSI Specified Modes Parameter Mode Mnemonic Mode Function Error ignored 20 LNM Line feed new line mode DEC Private Modes If the first character in the parameter string is 778 the parameters are interpreted as DEC private parameters according to the following Parameter Mode Mnemonic Mode Function Error ignored 1 Cursor key 2 DECANM ANSI VT52 3 DECCOLM Column 4 DECSCLM Ser ol Ling 5 DECSCNM ocreen 6 DECOM Origin 7 DECAWM Auto wrap 8 DECARM Auto repeating 2 D
75. is reset Test Weight Power up self test ROM check sum 1 RAM NVR Keyboard and if installed Data Loop Back 2 loop back connector required modem control test 4 loop back connector required Repeat Selected Test s 8 indefinitely until failure or power off DSR Device Status Report ESC Ps n default value 0 Requests and reports the general status of the VT100 according to the following parameter s Parameter Parameter Meaning 0 Response from 100 Ready malfunctions detected default Response from VT100 Malfunction retry S Command from host Please report status using a DSR control sequence 6 Command from host Please report active position using a CPR control sequence DSR with a parameter value of 0 3 is always sent as a response to a requesting DSR with a parameter value of 5 ED Erase In Display ESC Ps J default value O0 This sequence erases some all of the characters in the display according to the parameter Any complete line erased by this sequence will return that line to single width mode Editor Function Parameter Parameter Meaning Erase from the active position to the end of the screen inclusive default 1 Erase from start of the screen to the active position inclusive 2 Erase all of the display all lines are erased changed to single width and the cursor does not move EL Erase In Line ESC Ps def
76. ith the host device In local mode the keyboard remains active and all characters typed are placed on the screen KEYBOARD LOCKED This indicator lights to show that the keyboard has been turned off The VT100 is still able to receive data from the host This condition can be cleared by entering and exiting SET UP mode 1 04 These indicators are turned on and off by the host Consult your local operating procedures for the meaning of each indicator 11 14 are also used to show self test errors Each of these keys causes the VT100 to transmit a code which has a special meaning to your system Consult your local operating procedures for the meaning of these keys In SET UP mode the increase or decrease the brightness of the display The Eana Edkeys move the cursor left and right 2 This key transmits backspace code This key transmits a break signal PFL Each of these keys causes the VT100 to transmit a code which has a special meaning to your system Consult your local operating procedures for the meanings of these keys Numeric Keypaq The numeric keypad enables numbers to be entered in calculator fashion Each key in the numeric keypad generates the same character as the corresponding numeric key on the main keyboard The ENTER key corresponds to the RETURN key These keys may also be interpreted by the host computer as special function keys Consult your local operating proced
77. ke a typewriter the 100 can jump tab to preselected points on a line These tab stops may be individually changed or totally cleared and then set TRANSMIT SPEED Transmit speed must be set to match the computer receive speed The VT100 is capable of transmitting at any one of the following preselected transmit speeds 50 75 110 905 200r 005 6007 3004 1o00 20004 24005 59907 4900 9600 ano 19 200 baud Transmit speed is independent of receive speed the terminal may transmit data at one speed and receive data at a different speed WRAPAROUND When this feature rs enabled the lst or l329rd character depending upon the line size selected inserted on a line is automatically placed in the first character position of the next line If the wraparound feature was not enabled the 81st or 133 character and all following characters would be overwritten into the last character position of the current line NOTE The use of double width characters reduces the number of characters per line by half 3 shifted The VT100 contains character sets for the U S and the United Kingdom The difference between the two character Sets one character the f or symbol When the standard U S character set is selected the uppercase 3 key on the main keyboard displays the character The character is displayed when the U K character set is selected Part 4 Self Testing the 100 self test mode is built
78. key The display will now have a presentation similar to Figure 1 4 The bottom line of the display consists of a ruler which numbers each character position available on a line The location of each tab stop is shown by a T placed above the ruler If the tab stop s set are those desired you may exit SET UP mode by pressing the SET UP key again or you may now change the tabs to meet your requirements SE aU B MOAS may Only be entered UP A mode enter SET UP from SET UP A press the 5 key on the main keyboard The display will then look like Figure 1 5 Figure 1 6 summarizes the SET UP B presentation This summary allows you to quickly determine what features are enabled For additional information on a feature refer to the Definition of Each Feature section To exit SET UP press the SET UP key Determining What a SET UP Feature Does The SET UP features are basically a series of options in the VT100 that allow the terminal to be tailored to its operating environment Table 1 1 lists each feature and places it in one or more of the following general categories e Installation e Computer compatibility Operator comfort The installation category concerns itself with the initial installation of the terminal and any special options that may be attached to the terminal If any terminal options are added or removed or the physical location of the installation is changed verify the settings of the
79. l S and Control Q will also be synchronized with the NO SCROLL Key If the XON XOFF feature is disabled the buffer filling condition will not send an XOFF the NO SCROLL key is disabled and Control S and Control Q will be transmitted as typed The VT100 also recognizes received XOFF and XON Receipt of XOFF will inhibit the VT100 from transmitting any codes except XOFF and XON From three to seven keystrokes on the keyboard will be stored in a keyboard buffer some keys transmit two or three codes e g cursor controls If the keyboard buffer overflows keyclicks will stop and the KBD LOCKED LED will come on Transmission resumes upon receipt of XON If the user transmits an XOFF to the host by Control S or NO SCROLL the host should not echo any further type in until the user types XON This places the burden of not overloading the host s output buffer on the user Entering and exiting SET UP clears the keyboard locked condition Terminal Control Commands The VT100 has many control commands which cause it take action other than displaying a character on the screen In this way the host can command the terminal to move the cursor change modes ring the bell etc The following paragraphs discuss the terminal control commands Control Characters Control characters have values of 0008 0374 and 177g The control characters recognized by the VT100 are shown in Table 3 10 All other control codes cause no action to be take
80. may be modified by the host are listed in Table 3 1 and described in detail under the escape sequences Keyboard Operation The operator uses the keyboard to transmit codes to the host Some keys transmit one or more codes to the host immediately when typed Other keys such as CTRL and SHIFT do not transmit codes when typed but modify the codes transmitted by other keys The code transmitting keys cause the terminal to make a clicking sound to verify to the operator that the keystroke nas been processed by the terminal If two code transmitting keys are pressed together two codes will be transmitted according to the order in which the keys were typed The terminal will not wait for the keys to be lifted but will transmit both codes as soon as possible after the keys are first typed If three such keys are pressed simultaneously the codes for the first two keys are transmitted immediately the code for the third will be transmitted when one of the first two keys is lifted Alphabetic Keys The VT100 will transmit the lowercase code unless either or both of the SHIFT keys are down or unless the CAPS LOCK key is down Pressing the CAPS LOCK key will lock only the 26 alphabetic keys in the shifted uppercase mode Table 3 2 shows the codes generated by the alphabetic keys Nonalphabetic Keys Each of the nonalphabetic keys can be used to generate two different codes One code will be generated if neither SHIFT key is pressed The other code
81. n Control characters codes to 37g inclusive are Specifically excluded from the control sequence syntax but may be embedded within a control sequence Embedded control characters are executed as soon as they are encountered by the 100 The processing of the control sequence then continues with the next character received Ihe exceptions are if the character ESC occurs the current control sequence is aborted and a new one commences beginning with the ESC just received If the character 308 or the character SUB 32g occurs the current control sequence is aborted The ability to embed control characters allows the synchronization characters XON and XOFF to be interpreted properly without affecting the control sequence Control Sequences The VT100 is an upward and downward software compatible terminal that is previous DIGITAL video terminals have DIGITAL private standards for control sequences The American National Standards Institute ANSI has since standardized escape and control sequences in terminals in documents X3 41 1974 and X3 064 1977 NOTE The ANSI standards allow the manufacturer flexibility in implementing each function This manual describes how the VT100 will respond to the implemented ANGI QOontrol IuUnCLtrion The 100 is compatible with both the previous DIGITAL standard and ANSI standards Customers may use existing DIGITAL software designed around the VT52 or new VT100 software The VT100 has
82. nce parameters are Parameter Value Meaning 501 O or This message is a request DECREQTPARM none and the terminal will be allowed to send unsolicited reports Unsolicited reports are sent when the terminal exits the SET UP mode il This message is a request from now on the terminal may only report in response 2 This message 15 report DECREPTPARM CO This message is a report and the terminal is only reporting on request par No parity set 4 Parity 1s set and odd Parity is set and even lt nbits gt 1 8 bits per character 2 7 bits per character lt xspeed gt 0 50 Bits per second lt rspeed gt 9 75 Parameter Value Meaning 16 110 24 T MES 150 40 200 48 300 56 600 64 1200 72 1800 80 2000 88 2400 96 3600 104 4800 112 9600 120 19200 lt clkmul gt 1 The bit rate multiplier is 16 lt flags gt 0 15 This value communicates the four switch values in block 5 of SET UP B which are only visible to the user when an STP option is installed These Dits may assigned for an STP device The four bits are a decimal encoded binary number DECSC Save Cursor DEC Private ESC 7 This sequence causes the cursor position graphic rendition and character set to be saved See DECRC DECSCLM Scrolling Mode DEC Private This 15 a private parameter applicable to set mode SM and reset mode RM control sequences The reset state causes scrolls to jump
83. nchronization Keyboard selectable via automatic generation of XON and XOFF control codes How to Order Hardware Documentation The following VT100 Video Terminal hardware manuals can be purchased from DIGITAL s Accessory and Supplies Group Part No Title EK VT1LOO UG VT100 User Guide EK VT100 J1 VT100 Mini Maintenance Manual EK VT100 TM VT100 Technical Manual 100 100 Illustrated Parts Breakdown IPB MP 00633 VT100 Print Set All purchase orders for hardware manuals should be forwarded Digital Equipment Corporation Cotton Bod Nashua N H 03060 Supplies and Accessories Group P086 Purchase orders must show shipping and billing addresses and state whether a partial shipment will be accepted All correspondence and invoicing inquiries should be directed to the above address Chapter 3 Programmer Information The VT100 terminal normally performs a two part function It is an input device to a computer information entered through the keyboard is sent to the computer It 1s simultaneously an output device for the computer that is data coming in from the computer is displayed on the video screen Figure 3 1 shows the data flow This section of the user s manual discusses data flow between the VT100 and the host Included are codes generated by the keyboard the transmission protocol followed by the terminal and the actions and reactions of the terminal to control functions in both ANSI and VT52 m
84. nk set Row 1 is the row immediately above Space Bar Description of QE of of kit kit kit kit ENTER Num Pad 0 Row 3 Row b Blank Blank Blank Blank Blank 905 50 5 0 9057 907 Numeric pad blank keycap set keycap keycap keycap keycap keycap Acoustic telephone coupler wlth Combination RIA R923232 76 current loop cable Direct connect Bell 103J equivalent 300 bps full duplex modem with EIA RS232 C interface 300 ADS and 20 Cable to interface older DF01 couplers Eo WIS VITO0 20 mA current loop optron with cable VIIOQ printer port VT100 advanced video option Female female null modem cable 50 ft ltem Number WL 1616 1 1 Row 1 ltem Number Ju LL Td Tal ak TE Le dur DEC Part Number 1 52 BCO3M AO0 Female female null modem cable 100 ft 20 BCO3M B5 Female female null modem cable 250 ft 76 2 m BCO3M EO Female female null modem cable 500 ft 152 4 m 1s the row immediately above Space Bar DEC Part Number BC DT TOT pego BCU D 501 BOGUSE 15 BOCES 50 BOUOEF AO t BCOSM LO BC05X 15 BCOSXK Z 5 BCOSX 20 DescrrprE3on0 Boc female to RS 222 male extension cable 14 conductor used with VILOO for modem connections 90 t 3 0 m Temale CTO Ro 222 male ELA ext
85. odes of operation The Keyboard The VT100 uses a keyboard with a key arrangement similar to an ordinary office typewriter as shown in Figure 3 2 In addition to the standard typewriter keys the VT100 keyboard has additional keys and indicators used to generate control sequences Cursor control commands and to show the current terminal status LED Indicators The keyboard has seven light emitting diodes LEDs of which two are committed to the complementary ON LINEZBLOCAL function The power on condition is implicitly shown by one of the two LEDs being on that is if the keyboard is connected and power is on one of these LEDs will be on A third LED indicates a keyboard locked condition In this condition the keyboard has been turned off automatically by the terminal due to a full buffer or by the host through the transmission of an XOFF to the terminal Ihe four remaining LEDs are programmable and can be assigned any meaning for specific applications The code Sequences to turn these LEDs on or off are discussed later in this chapter SET UP SET UP The SET UP key is at the upper left corner of the main key array Operations performed in SET UP mode can be stored in nonvolatile memory NVR so that turning the terminal power off does not by itself alter the terminal configuration The procedures to change the SET UP features are provided in the operator s information section of this manual Those SET UP features which
86. peed Perform the self test operation The terminal has had difficulty in reading or writing the SET UP features stored in non volatile memory Check the feature settings and perform the save operation Perform the self test operation Table 2 1 RS 232 C Connector Signals SET UP Feature or Machine State Alternate keypad mode ANSI VT52 Auto Repeat AUTO XON XOFF Bits per character Characters per line Cursor Cursor key modes Interlace New Line Keyclick Margin bell Origin mode Parity Parity sense Power Receive speed Screen Scroll Tabs Transmit speed Wraparound j shifted Table 3 1 Machine States Changeable from Host Computer Yes DECKPAM DECKPNM Yes DECANM Yes No No Yes DECCOLM No Yes DECCKM Yes DECINLM Yes LNM No No Yes DECOM No No No No Yes DECSCNM Yes DECSCLM Yes HTS TBC No Yes DECAWM Yes SCS Saved in NVR and Changeable in SET UP Table 3 2 Alphabetic Key Codes Table 3 3 Nonalphabetic Key Codes Lowercase Neither SHIFT Key Uppercase Either or Both SHIFT Keys Character Down Octal Character Down Octal 1 061 041 2 062 100 3 063 or 043 4 064 044 5 065 045 6 066 136 7 067 amp 046 8 070 052 9 071 050 0 060 051 055 137 075 053 133 173 5 073 072 apostrophe 047 042 comma 054 lt 074 056 gt 076 057 077 134 174 140 176
87. perating procedures to ensure that your system recognizes this key jm CTRL When pressed in combination with another key the CTRL key causes the VT100 to transmit a code which has a special meaning to your system TAB This key transmits a tab code This key transmits a code which normally has special meaning to your system In many applications it tells your system to treat the next keys pressed as a command Monitor Controls The 100 monitor contains only two controls the power Switch and the power selector switch which is used to adapt the terminal to the available ac input voltage range see specifications Audible Indicators Tones There are three audible alarms associated with the VT100 a short tone click a long tone bell and a series of Long Cones Short Tone Click The short tone is sounded by the terminal whenever a key is pressed with the following exceptions SHIFT or CTRL keys do not generate any keyclick because these keys do not transmit any codes but only modify the codes transmitted by other keys KBD LOCKED indicator is turned on in which case the characters typed are lost The keyclick feature has been turned off in SET UP mode Long Tone Bell The long tone is sounded by the terminal to indicate one of the following conditions A bell code was received from the computer The cursor is eight characters away from the right margin and the margin bell feature
88. phosphor 24 lines 80 characters or 14 lines x 132 Characters selectable 9 Matrix wath descenders 35533 BID 2 v 0 quar 0 059 ane in 80 column mode 84 355 m bus dame On 37 qe li 132 column mode 202 m x Ilb ma se SON x 3 5 ICh 96 character displayable ASCII subset upper and lowercase numeric and punctusgtqorn Keyboard selectable blinking block character or blinking underline 83 key detachable unit with a 1 9 m 6 ft coiled cord attached 65 key arrangement sculpturing similar to standard typewriter keyboard with an 18 key auxiliary keypad 18 key numeric pad with period comma minus enter and four general purpose function keys seven LEDS three LEDS dedicated to ON LINE LOCADb end KBD LOCKED tour LEDS wser programmable Key click sound simulates typewriter Bell 1 sounds upon receipt of BEL code 2 sounds eight characters from right margin keyboard selectable Multiple bell sounds upon detection of error in SET UP save or recall operation Communication Speeds Full duplex 50 75 110 two stop bits 1 24 0 220 290 300 600 1200 I900 2090 2400 3600 4800 9600 19 200 Code ASCII Character Asynchronous Format Character Size 7 or 8 bits keyboard selectable Note if 8 bit character is selected eighth bits 15 always space Parity Even odd or none keyboard selectable Sy
89. ply ASSY Lot of 10 70 15765 Keybrd Keycap How Order Telephone Orders Continental USA call In New Hampshire call s s Losec air wo 6200 pm EST 6036046660 0730 am to 6 00 pm In Alaska and Hawaii 409 134 4915 am o pm call ESL Important Information Concerning Telephone Orders Minimum order of 100 00 unless charges to MasterCard or VISA Maximum order of 5 000 00 Phone orders are accepted at current list price only Phone orders are per DIGITAL standard terms and Conditions Direct Mail Orders Purchase orders should be mailed directly to US Customers DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORPORATION EO Box 952009 Nashua New Hampshire 03061 International Customers DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORPORATION A amp SG Business Manager c o DIGITAL s local subsidiary Important Information Concerning Direct Mail Orders e Minimum order value of 100 00 unless paid by check money order or credit card MasterCard or VISA e No maximum order value Purchase orders may also be submitted to your local DIGITAL Sales ANSI Definitions and Notation ANSI Definitions Active position Ihe character position on the visual display that is to display the graphic symbol representing the next graphic character ANSI mode A 100 mode in which it recognizes and responds only to escape sequences whose synta
90. r 3 Dust Cover w 10 VT 100 Advanced imenice Option Video Option 12 Anti Static Floor Mat 13 Terminal Table 14 Work Stabon 78 Modia Mate Supplies Ti em DEC Part Number Number 1 VT100 formed screen filter gray antiglare coating VTIXX AR VT100 nonreflective filter screen VILXX ST VT100 terminal stand with casters Wk exo doble 65 017 Of 25 2 VITLXXSvV WIITOO0 Terminal table ot ltem Number O1 Oo A Item Number OY OL 10 LL DEC Part Number Hoo HK H990 C9 Hoo CP LA12X UA LA12X UB LAL2X UC LATZX UD LA12X UE LA12X UF LA12X UH LA12X UJ LA12X UL DEC Part Number LA12X UM LATZX UN IA AX UP LA12X UR XS XU DF02 AA 30 1095 lt 02 VT1XX AA 1 1 50 Heavy gauge vinyl dust cover brown charcoal Catalog stand with eight one inch removable cartridges for 8 inches x 11 inches documentation Cartridges for catalog stand Blank 50 Row 4 Blank 503 ROW Blank ROW 27 Blank s OP Blank 20 Blank 547 Blank 903 Blank OU keycap keycap kit of keycap kit of KIE OT KIC OT kit Of kit Or kit of keycap keycap F amp J type F UP TAB CAP BOCK keycap keycap keycap Main array bla
91. rizontal tab 162 r Horizontal line Scan 7 C Form Feed 163 S Horizontal line Scan 9 d Carriage return 164 t T Line feed 165 u Right f Degree symbol 166 Bottom g Plus minus 167 W Top T h New line 170 X Vertical bar 1 Vertical tab 171 y Less than or equal to Lowerright corner 172 7 Greater than or equal to k Upper right corner 173 Pi 1 Upper left corner 174 Not equal to m Lower left corner 175 UK pound sign n Crossing lines 176 Centered dot Codes 1524 1564 161g and 164 170 are used to draw rectangular grids each piece of this line drawing set is contiguous with others so that the lines formed are unbroken Codes 1578 1634 give better vertical resolution than dashes and underlines when drawing graphs using these segments 120 x 132 resolution may be obtained in 132 column mode with the Advanced Video Option installed Control Character NUL ENQ BEL BS HT LF VT SO SI XON XOFF CAN SUB ESC DEL Octal Code 000 005 007 010 O11 012 013 014 015 016 017 021 023 030 032 033 177 Table 3 10 Control Characters Action Taken Ignored on input not stored in input buffer see full duplex protocol Transmit answerback message Sound bell tone from keyboard Move the cursor to the left one character position unless it is at the left margin in which case no action occurs Move the cursor to the next tab stop or to the rig
92. ror ELA modem Control error Olam w N P Table 1 3 shows the possible nonfatal error characters that may appear on the screen and the failure represented by each character Part 5 What To Do in the Event of a Problem If it appears that there is problem in the terminal you should initiate the power up self test program This test will help to determine if the problem lies in your terminal or in some other part of the computer system Table 1 4 describes the items an operator can check prior to making a service call Chapter 2 Installaton Interface Information and Specifications Installation S ite C onsiderations The design of the VT100 terminal Figure 2 1 will normally pose few constraints on selecting a place in which to install the terminal In most cases any environment suitable to the terminal operator will be a satisfactory environment in which to operate the terminal Extremes of temperature and humidity should be avoided A summary of 100 guaranteed operating conditions is found at the end of this section Unpacking and Maintenance The VT100 shipping carton contains the following items VT1OO monitor VT100 detached keyboard 100 power cord 100 SET UP label VI100 User s Guide To install the VT100 perform the following steps 1 Remove the VT100 from the shipping carton and place it in the desired work area 2 Place the keyboard in front of the terminal and pl
93. rorm the Recall or Save operation again Part 2 Set Up Mode Unlike most terminals the 100 does not use switches Jumpers to individually turn the built in terminal features on or off Instead the 100 uses a nonvolatile memory NVR which always remembers what features have been selected as if a switch had been set The selection and storage of built in terminal features 1s performed in a special mode of operation called SET UP mode When you enter SET UP mode the status of the features stored in the temporary memory is shown on the Screen You Can then Change the store any new feature selections either temporarily by leaving SET UP mode or on a fixed basis by performing a Save operation In either case the terminal operation will reflect the new feature selection If a recall operation 15 performed or the terminal 15 reset or the terminal power 15 turned OFF all temporary feature settings are replaced by the features that have been stored on a fixed SET UP Features Glance When entered SET UP mode provides two brief summaries of the current feature status The first presentation SET UP displays the location of the tab stops set in the terminal and a visual ruler which numbers each character position on the line The second presentation SET UP B summarizes the status of the other terminal features SET UP A To enter SET UP A press the SET UP
94. round in the reverse screen mode the display contains dark characters on a light SCREEN BRIGHTNESS Unlike most video terminals VLLOO doss not contain switches or knobs to adjust screen brightness Instead the VT100 electronically controls the screen brightness This feature eliminates the high failure rate of mechanical controls and still allows the operator to select the desired level of brightness for maximum comfort under varied lighting conditions This setting may be saved like any other feature in the terminal SCROLL Scrolling the upward or downward movement of existing lines on the screen to make room for new lines at the bottom or top of the screen It can be performed in two ways qup Scroll Qf Smooth scroll Tiy Jump scroll mode new lines appear on the screen as fast as the computer sends them to the terminal At the higher baud rates the data is very difficult to read due to the rapid movement of the lines In smooth scroll mode a limit is placed on the speed at which new lines of data may be sent to the terminal The movement of lines occurs at a smooth steady rate allowing the data to be read as it appears on the screen NOTE Smooth scroll mode allows a maximum of six lines of data second added to screen rne Auto XON XOFF feature must be enabled and supported by the host computer to ensure that data is not lost when smooth scroll mode is enabled TABS Just li
95. rs reduces the number of characters per line by half DECID Identify Terminal DEC Private ESC Z This sequence causes the same response as the ANSI device attributes DA This sequence will not be supported in future DEC terminals therefore DA should be used by any new software DECINLM Interlace Mode DEC Private This is a private parameter applicable to set mode SM and reset mode RM control sequences The reset state non interlace causes the video processor to display 240 Scan lines per frame The set state interlace causes the video processor to display 480 scan lines per frame There 1S no increase in character resolution DECKPAM Keypad Application Mode DEC Private ESC The auxiliary keypad keys will transmit control sequences as defined in Tables 3 7 and 3 8 DECKPNM Keypad Numeric Mode DEC Private ESC gt The auxiliary keypad keys will send ASCII codes corresponding to the characters engraved on the keys DECLL Load LEDS DEC Private ESC Ps q default value 0 Load the four programmable LEDS on the keyboard according to the parameter s Parameter Parameter Meaning Clear LEDs 11 through 14 1 Light Ll 2 Light 12 Light 53 4 Light L4 LED numbers are indicated on the keyboard DECOM Origin Mode DEC Private This 1S a private parameter applicable to set mode SM and reset mode RM control sequences The reset state causes the origin to be at the upp
96. rt of the answerback message If a mistake 15 made when typing the answerback message type the message delimiter character again and go back to step 2 This is the only way to correct errors in the answerback message Type the answerback message The message may be up to 20 characters including space and control characters Control characters will be displayed as a character to indicate their presence in the message Type the message delimiter character Once the message delimiter character is typed the answerback message will disappear from the screen Once the above steps Have Deen completed the answerback message will be temporarily stored in the VT100 and can be saved with the Save operation Saving the SET UP Features SET UP features may be changed and stored on either a temporary or a fixed basis To temporarily store a feature exit SET UP mode after changing the feature the terminal now reacts according to the new setting If a recall operation is performed or the terminal 15 reset or the terminal power is turned off all temporary feature settings are replaced by the features that have been stored on a fixed basis To store SET UP feature settings on a fixed basis perform a save operation This is a simple operation that 15 accomplished by performing the following steps Place the terminal in SET UP mode Press the SHIFT and S keys simultaneously The screen will clear and the message wait will be displayed in
97. se SET UP features Computer compatibility contains the features which must be set correctly so that the VT100 can communicate with the host computer An error in these settings may cause incorrect data to be sent to or received from the computer or an error may prevent the VT100 from communicating with the computer The settings for these features must be obtained from the host computer programmer operator or system manager since there are many combinations of settings designed to work with particular computers and special software These feature settings would normally change only when you need to communicate with a different computer or a unique software package The operator comfort category contains the SET UP features designed exclusively for the operator These features allow the operator to tailor the VT100 to fit individual preference These features do not affect any operations that occur between the terminal and the compuer The next section Bach SET UP Peature describes the specific function of each feature How To Change a SET UP Feature Changing any or all of the SET UP features 18 simple operation and is generally performed by following the same basic steps 1 Enter SET UP mode by pressing the SET UP key 2 Select the appropriate SET UP mode by pressing the 5 key on the main keyboard each time you want to Switch from SEI UP to 5 0 Or irom SEI UP to SET UP 3 Position t
98. section SCS Select Character Set The appropriate GO and Gl character sets are designated from one of the five possible character sets The GO and Gl sets are invoked by the codes SI and SO shift in and shift out respectively GO Sets G1 Sets Sequence Sequence Meaning ESC A ESC A United Kingdom Set ESC ESC ASCII Set ESC 0 ESC O Special Graphics ESC 1 ESC 1 Alternate Character ROM Standard Character Set ESC 2 ESC 2 Alternate Character ROM specie Graphics The United Kingdom and ASCII sets conform to the ISO international register of character sets to be used with escape sequences The other sets are private character sets Special graphics means that the graphic characters for the codes 137g to 1768 are replaced with other characters The specified character set will be used until another SCS is received NOTE Additional information concerning the SCS escape sequence may be obtained in ANSI standard 3 41 1974 SGR Select Graphic Rendition ESC Ps Ps m default value 0 Invoke the graphic rendition specified by the parameter s All following characters transmitted to the VT100 are rendered according to the parameter s until the nexo occurrence Or SGR Format ELIOcLor Parameter Parameter Meaning Attributes off Bold or increased intensity 0 1 4 Underscore Blink 7 Negative reverse image All other parameter values are ignored With the Advanced Video Opt
99. tead the terminal is forced to LOCAL mode and an error code character is displayed in the upper left corner of the screen There are five types of nonfatal errors AVO Advanced Video Option data RAM NVR Nonvolatile data RAM checksum error KBD Keyboard missing or malfunction Date Data Looposck Error EIA BIA modem control error Table 1 3 shows the possible nonfatal error characters that may appear on the screen and the failure represented by each character Part 5 What To Do in the Event of a Problem If it appears that there is a problem in the terminal you should initiate the power up self test program This test will help to determine if the problem lies in your terminal or in some other part of the computer system Table 1 4 describes the items an operator can check prior to making a service call Figure 1 3 VT100 Terminal Rear View CAPTIVE ACCESS SCREWS 4 COVER ELA COMMUNICATIONS CONNECTOR EATERNAL VIDEO INPUT CONNECTOR EXTERNAL VIDEO OUTPUT CONNECTOR MAIN FUSE POWER SWITCH MODEL SERIAL NUMBER LABEL unm B Ei KEYBOARD OPTIONAL 20mA POWER POWER CORD CONNECTOR COMMUNICATION SELECTOR CONNECTOR E Figure 1 4 SET UP A Mode Presentation SET UP A EXIT PRESS SET LIP FE 33455738 Figure 1 5 SET UP Mode Presentation F h 2720 Figure 1 6 SET UP Mode Summary OFF 0 OFF JUMP _ 156 T t SCROLL
100. the contents of the screen are destroyed and any options present may be affected Part Definition of Bach SET UP Feature This section describes each SET UP feature in detail in alphabetical order and states how each feature affects the terminal NOTE Unless otherwise stated entering SET UP mode and changing features does not result in the loss of data displayed on the screen ANSI VT52 Mode The VT100 terminal follows two different programming standards American National Standards Institute ANST and VT52 In ANSI mode the VT100 will generate and respond to coded sequences per ANSI standards X3 41 1974 and X35 641977 m VIS2 mode the terminat is compatible with previous DIGITAL software using the VT52 video terminal Both ANSI and VT52 modes are outlined in the programmer s section of this manual ANSWERBACK Message Answerback is a question and answer sequence where the host computer asks the terminal to identify itself The VT100 answerback features provides the terminal with the capability to identify itself by sending a message to the host The entire answerback sequence takes place automatically without affecting the screen or requiring operator action The answerback message may also be transmitted by typing CTRL BREAK AUTO REPEAT The auto repeat feature allows a key to be automatically repeated at the rate of about 30 characters per second when the key is held down for more than one half second
101. to be read as it appears on the screen NOTE Smooth scroll mode allows maximum of six lines of data Der second to be added to the screen The Auto XON XOFF feature must be enabled and supported by the host computer to ensure that data is not lost when smooth scroll mode is enabled TABS Just like a typewriter the VT100 can jump tab to preselected points on a line These tab stops may be individually changed or totally cleared and then set TRANSMIT SPEED Transmit speed must be set to match the computer receive speed The VT100 is capable of transmitting at any one of the following preselected transmit speeds 50 75 110 1254493 905 2020 S00 2600 2005 LoUU 2000 200 36090 4800 9600 and 19 200 baud Transmit speed is independent of receive speed the terminal may transmit data at one speed and receive data at a different speed WRAPAROUND When this feature as enabled the ost or lo3rd character depending upon the line size selected inserted on a line is automatically placed in the first character position of the next line If the wraparound feature was not enabled the Slst or 133 character and all following characters would be overwritten into the last character position of the current line NOTE The use of double width characters reduces the number of characters per line by half 3 shifted The VT100 contains character sets for the U S and the United Kingdom The difference between t
102. to stop the transmission of data from the computer to the terminal the code is used to resume transmission With the feature enabled the VT100 will generate the XOFF code when one of the following events The internal buffer is nearly full The NO SCROLL key is pressed The terminal is placed in SET UP mode CTRL S is pressed A Ww N e NOTE The VT100 will always stop transmission when an XOFF DC3 code is received and will resume transmission when an XON DC1 code is received regardless of the AUTO XON XOFF feature setting When either the buffer empties the NO SCROLL key is pressed again the terminal is taken out of SET UP mode or CTRL Q is pressed the VT100 will transmit the XON code to resume transmission from the computer to the terminal If the host computer software does not support the XON XOFF codes data sent during buffer full conditions or when the terminal is in SET UP mode may be lost BITS PER CHARACTER This feature allows the terminal to transmit and receive either 7 8 bit characters When set for 86 bit operation bit 8 is set to a space or 0 for characters transmitted and is ignored for all characters received CHARACTERS PER LINE The VT100 is capable of displaying either 80 or 132 characters per line In the 80 character per line mode the screen 15 80 characters wide by 24 lines high In the 132 character per line mode the screen is 132 characters wide by 14 lines
103. transmit 023g XOFF or DC3 On this signal the host should suspend its transmission to the terminal Eventually if the host stops transmitting the terminal will deplete the buffer When 16 characters remain in the buffer the terminal will transmit 02184 XON or 1 to signal the host that it may resume transmission If the host fails to respond to an XOFF from the terminal in a timely manner the buffer will continue to fill When the 64 character capacity of the buffer is exceeded a condition occurs called buffer overflow To determine if the buffer will overflow use the following formulas No of characters to overflow 32 3 x receiver speed transmit speed Time to respond to XOFF No of characters to overflow x bits per character parity bit 2 7 receiver speed Example 1 The VT100 is transmitting 8 bit characters with no parity at 1200 baud and receiving at 1200 baud The terminal has Just sent an XOFF which the host must respond to with 0 2416 second to avoid a buffer overflow No Of overt low 32 12 x 1200 7 1200 29 characters Time to respond to XOFF 29 x 8 0 2 1200 0 2416 second Example 2 The VT100 is transmitting 7 bit characters with parity at 300 baud and receiving at 1200 baud The terminal has just sent an XOFF which the host must respond to within 0 1666 second to avoid a buffer overflow Of characters to overtlow 32 3 x 1200 7 300
104. ts a code which normally has a special meaning to your system In many applications it tells your system to treat the next keys pressed as a command Monitor Controls The VT100 monitor contains only two controls the power Switch and the power selector switch which is used to adapt the terminal to the available ac input voltage range see specifications Audible Indicators Tones There are three audible alarms associated with the 100 a short tone click a long tone bell and a series of Long Tones Short Tone Click The short tone is sounded by the terminal whenever a key is pressed with the following exceptions SHIFT or CTRL keys do not generate any keyclick because these keys do not transmit any codes but only modify the codes transmitted by other keys LOCKED indicator is turned on in which case the characters typed are lost The keyclick feature has been turned off in SET UP mode Long Tone Bell The long tone is sounded by the terminal to indicate one of the following conditions bell code was received from the computer The cursor 15 eight characters away from the right margin and the margin bell feature is enabled series of Long Tones The terminal will sound the long tone several times in rapid succession to indicate that the nonvolatile memory NVR had difficulty in reading or writing the SET UP features When this occurs check the SET UP feaLures then per
105. ug the keyboard coiled cord into the keyboard receptacle located on the rear of the terminal Figure 2 2 3 Verify that the power selector switch shows the correct wall outlet voltage 115 V is standard in the U S and the power switch is off 4 Connect the power cord to the power cord receptacle on the rear of the terminal and plug the other end of the power cord into a nearby wall outlet 5 Connect the communications cable to the appropriate communications receptacle 6 Turn the power switch on The terminal will now automatically perform the power up self test and either the ON LINE or LOCAL light located on the keyboard will be turned on After approximately one minute the cursor will be visible in the upper left corner of the screen If any other indication 15 shown refer to Part 5 of the operator information chapter 7 Set the desired SET UP features as outlined in the operator s section of this manual 8 Once the installation setup procedure is complete record the SET UP features selected on the VT100 SET UP label and attach the label to the underside of the keyboard User Maintenance The keyboard keys are the only moving parts of the terminal and require no preventive maintenance by the owner The VT100 surfaces may be cleaned with soap and water or any mild detergent Cleaners with solvents shoulo not used The VT100 packaging 1S not meant to be weatherproof there are several openings in the case through wh
106. unction keys will send application FUNCELONS DECCOLM Column Mode DEC Private This 15 a private parameter applicable to set mode SM and reset mode RM control sequences The reset state causes a maximum of 80 columns on the screen The set state causes a maximum of 132 columns on the screen DECDHL Double Height Line DEC Private Top Half ESC 3 Bottom Half ESC 4 These sequences cause the line containing the active position to become the top or bottom half of a double height double width line The sequences must be used in pairs on adjacent lines and the same character output must be sent to both lines to form full double height characters If the line was single width single height all characters to the right of the center of the screen are lost The cursor remains over the same character position unless it would be to the right of the right margin in which case it is moved to the right margin NOTE The use of double width characters reduces the number of characters per line by half DECDWL Double Width Line DEC Private ESC 6 This causes the line that contains the active position to become double width single height If the line was single width single height all characters to the right of the screen are lost The cursor remains over the same character position unless it would be to the right of the right margin in which case it is moved to the right margin NOTE The use of double width characte
107. ures for the meanings of these keys DELETE This key causes the VT100 to transmit a delete character code to the host system The deleted character may or may not be erased from the screen RETURN This key transmits either a carriage return CR code or a carriage return CR and linefeed LF code This is a SET UP selectable feature LINE FEEL LINEFEED This key transmits a linefeed code SHIFT When pressed this key enables the uppercase function of all keys If a key does not have an uppercase function the SHIFT key will be disregarded B When the terminal is in SET UP mode this key starts the reset sequence This has the same result as turning the terminal power off and then on m 0 132 COLUMNS When the terminal is in SET UP A mode this key switches the display line size from 80 to 132 characters per line or from 132 to 80 characters per line B IVE SPERED When the terminal is in SET UP B mode this key steps the terminal through the receive baud rate settings in ascending order amp TRANSMIT SPEED When the terminal is in SET UP B mode this key steps the terminal through the transmit baud rate settings in ascending order 1 0 When the terminal is in SET UP mode this key turns the selected operational feature on or off lt gt CLEARTAB TABS LOCAL WO SPEED SPEED COLUMNS RESET n mn lt E HGHHHHHHBC 12 ee BE d
108. ursor Forward Host CO VLLOO and WIIOO0 CO Host amp CUP Cursor Position o Modes CUT Cursor Up HOSE OO aid EO Host Device Attributes DECALN Screen Alignment Display DEC Private DECANM ANSI VT52 Mode DEC Private DECARM Auto Repeat Mode DEC Private DECAWM Autowrap Mode DEC Private Cursor Keys Mode DEC Private DECCOLM Column Mode DEC Private DECDHL Double Height Line DEC Private DECDWh Doubble Width lane DEC Private DECID Identify Terminal DEC Private DECINGIM Interlace Mode DEC Private DECKPAM Keypad Application Mode DEC Private DECKPNM Keypad Numeric Mode DEC Private DECI Load LEDS DEC Private DECOM Origin Mode DEC Private DECRG Restore Cursor DEC Private DECREPTPARM Report Terminal Parameters DECREQTPARM Request Terminal Parameters DECSE Save Cursor DEC Private DECSCIM Scrolling Mode DEC Prexvete DECSCNM Screen Mode DEC Private DECST BM Top and Bottom Margins DEC Private DECSWL Single width Line DEC Private DECIST inwoke Contridence DSR Device Status Report ED Erase In Display EI s Erase In Lane HES HorszwontaL Tabular rom oet and vertical Position IND Tngdex LNM Line Feed New Line Mode NEL Next Line RI Reverse Index RIS Reset Vo Eat al State RM Reset Mode
109. x and semantics are in accordance with ANSI specifications Character position That portion of a visual display which is displaying or is capable of displaying a graphic symbol Control A control character an escape sequence or a control sequence that performs a control function Character A character whose occurrence in a particular context initiates modifies or stops a control function Control function An action that affects the recording processing transmission or interpretation of data Control sequence A sequence of characters that is used for control purposes to perform a control function that begins with the control sequence introducer CSI control and that may contain a parameter string Control sequence introducer CSI An escape sequence that provides supplementary controls and that is itself a prefix affecting the interpretation of a limited number of contiguous Characters Control string A string of characters that 1s used to perform a control function and that is delimited by an opening and closing delimiter control Cursor A visual representation of the active position which is either a blinking reverse video or blinking underline Cursor An editor function that moves the active position Default A function dependent value that is assumed when no explicit value a value of 0 is specified Display Lee Current s e sv Area OE The SUCDOeN Xy DS area inside the scrolling
110. ync waveform conforms to EIA 5170 standards The vertical interval is composed of six equalizing pulses six vertical sync pulses and six more equalizing pulses The timing is as follows NO Equalizing pulse ees Ze ous SONS Vertical pulse width 27 28us 200ns Horizontal pulse 4 71us 50ns width 11 84us 50ns 80 column Horizontal blank mode width 12 34us 50ns 132 column mode Front porch 1 S4us 50ns NOTE The use of dc coupling is not in strict agreement with RS170 To agree with RS170 the output load requires a 10pF capacitor in series with the output Failing to do so the 2 mA dc short circuit current requirement is violated This presents no problem with most monitors which are in fact ac coupled Video Input J8 An analog signal applied to the video input will be ORed with the internal video signal in such a way that the beam intensity at any point on the screen will correspond to the intensity of that signal which would tend to make the beam brighter at that point A video signal on this input affects only the internal screen and does not appear the composite video output This input has the following nominal characteristics Input impedance 75 ohms dc coupled Black level V White level 1 0 V Maximum continuous input 2 0 V GW N P The external video source must be synchronized to the VT100 it may do this by referencing the composite sync on the composite

VT100 User Guide - Geoff G

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