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NCWS Model User Manual

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1. input files Matlab scripts and LASCAM executables were built in an enclosed folder structure as illustrated below The structure contains 3 main folders namely input matlab and output The input folder contains the inputs created by the user The folder matlab contains matlab scripts the input files translated to LASCAM format once the input files are translated and LASCAM executable while the folder output contains the post processed LASCAM results Important he folder structure must not be modified otherwise the Matlab scripts will not operate properly 5037 P3 h3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIBIS NSW 35 Hydrologic mode Ei 3 20111127_final_simulation_2 Scenario 0 Part 1 iz c input catchment climate G flow C lake G master parametre G rainfall soil vegetation 123 matlab O executables A functions 81 Processing L3 Output E 5 final simulation 3 1 pre 0 Catchment L2 Climate 3 Flow Parametre 9 72 Rainfall Fl I3 Soil Vegetation 9 2 post L2 BStore H L3 Flow as Validation All the inputs of the LASCAM model are saved in the folder Input The several inputs are divided in subfolders according to its nature as follows Catchment this subfolder contains information about sub catchments e Climate this subfolder contains climate information such as rainfall and evaporation Flow this folder contains flow observat
2. Import Text file which opens the following dialog box E rure p 7 Uu ed a ILI E our Lc Ty ai T AES TOT 1 SEE zz x E Fi Make desg SUE Loris srt 4 T 1 VARE Bega e Ory y BUE LE LI Using this dialog box browse to the location of the input file The lines to skip at the top of the file should be set to 4 No other changes are required but the options at the bottom Coordinate Data and Boundary Data must be entered and filled out so that the import columns match the text file For example once the Boundary Data option has been selected the following dialog box will open and should be filled out as indicated Bo aj 0 E 5037 1 P3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 26 Groundwater Mode 2 10 7 Connective cracking permeability enhancement Changes to model parameters in order to simulate connective cracking above underground mines has been undertaken manually Shapefiles were created delineating zones where changes were required order to do this the shapefiles need to be imported as maps Once the file is prepared it can be imported using the menu File gt Map gt Shapefile file must then be selected Groundwater Vistas will then use this file to produce a file in its own format ma
3. Sunnyside and Boggabri Other hydrographs that were available are found in the uncoloured tabs Prediction hydrograph alluvial As with the calibration hydrographs the initial step in reproducing the hydrographs of simulated drawdown at the hypothetical alluvial monitoring locations IS to Import the targets Namoi Hypothetical Targets Alluvium csv into Groundwater Vistas Once the standard procedure of importing the targets and model results has been completed the results can be exported at these locations and the results imported into columns B to K of the tab ScX Results found in the file Predictive Hypothetical Alluvium Hydrographs xlsb If background settings recharge background abstraction irrigation etc or any more fundamental model changes made then the updated Scenario 0 model results must also be exported in this format and pasted into columns B to K of the tab ScO Results The difference between the Scenario 0 and Mining CSG scenario run the drawdown due to coal and or CSG development is then displayed in the hydrographs in the tab Plots Prediction hydrographs hard rock HR hydrographs 50371 P3 R3 HNAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 30 Groundwater Model The file containing the HR target locations and data is called Namoi Hypothetical Targets 5 A single spreadsheet is devoted to each hypothetical location due to the size of the output data hese spreadsheets are ca
4. new dialog will appear see below and the package can be toggled by clicking on the check box next to the LPF line 5037 1 P3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 4 Groundwater Model IMODFLOWZ2Z O0OD Packages ER v a r ar 2 B TOPE 4 n darum Tie Ae Of L raanm wid mm mes j EE EIU ax eae oe Face ace ag m ed mia Jari _ we 0 E B P P a 1 4 Y 1 i 4 L BF Wi f E mim Important Make sure that only LPF or package is activated MODFLOW will not work when both or neither of the two packages are activated opecific layer parameters such as averaging confined unconfined behaviour and vertical leakance calculations can be modified using the menu Model MODFLOW Packages options new dialog will appear and the parameters can be edited in the BCF LPF tab illustrated below 5037 1 P3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 5 Groundwater Mode MODFLOW Options E x IBS SUB Density 1 0 Formats Steams Wells MNW Package Wetlands Basic BCF LPF Output Control Initial Heads Recharge ET Resaturation of the Leakance Coefficient and Top Elevation 7 Compute Leaka
5. 5037 1 P3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 19 Groundwater Model The file must obey the river package format defined for USGS MODFLOW 2000 The format is barfly described below e First line contains the number equating to the number of lines in the file e each stress period one header line containing the number of record lines for the stress period followed for one line for each record e each record six columns are defined as follows Column 1 Row index o Column 2 Column index o Column Layer index o Column 4 River head in mAHD for the Namo model o Column 5 Boundary conductance Column 6 River bottom elevation o Column 7 Auxiliary variables not applicable to Namoi Model Once the file is prepared it can be imported using the menu BCs gt Import gt MODFLOW Package In the combo box Files or type located at the bottom of the dialog choose the river option and select the file to be imported accordingly generation of river boundary conditions for a model of this size and this many stress periods is a complex task It has required the use of several macros and large complex spreadsheets used to interpolate between river gauges and between missing temporal data Now that the process of building these inputs has been completed the most efficient method of making any changes to these inputs will be via the Groundwater Vistas interface using the me
6. currently equal to 70 mm yr Recalculate by pressing F9 and the data required as input to the Groundwater Vistas boundary conditions is displayed in columns T to V 30 mm yr historical X to Z 70 mm yr historical AD to AF 30 mm yr predictive and AH to AJ 70 mm yr predictive The data within these columns can then be copied and pasted directly into the Transient Data dialog described above The process described above was undertaken once for the historical model and once for the predictive model To allow this input to be used in the creation of other scenarios and sensitivities it was exported from Groundwater Vistas as a text file The text file has the following attributes e Four header lines The first 2 correspond to wells and the second two correspond to rivers As the irrigation recharge is simulated as wells it is the first two lines that are relevant here Followed by e Well data lines For each stress period a rate is supplied for each irrigation recharge well The data is organised as follows only those options used in the import process are described o Column 1 Row o Column 2 Column o Column 3 Layer o Column 5 Rate o Column 7 Starting stress period 50371 P 3 R3 HINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 25 Groundwater Model o Column 8 Ending stress period The text file can be imported by first activating the well boundary condition options BCs gt Well Then using the menu BCs
7. extend columns F P and Z Copy and paste columns G Q and AA one under the other to csv file This is the final input file for the CSG abstractions for Groundwater Vistas If additional wells are included check in the tabs above that all the data are taken into account in the calculations If not the calculations need to be extended to further rows or columns Once the file is prepared it can be imported using the menu AE Import Well text fie which opens the dialog displayed above this occasion as MNW wells are not to be used leave the option Set as a Fracture Well or MNW well unselected and specifying a column number for Conductance Rw is not required These wells are therefore imported as analytical elements but when datasets are created the data Is passed into a WEL package file rather than an MNW package file 2 10 6 mugation injection wells Groundwater recharge from irrigation is simulated using the WEL package This boundary condition was set up directly in Groundwater Vistas using the process described below Activation of the WEL editing menus is accomplished by using the menu BCs gt Well Once this has been selected wells can be assigned directly to model cells by selecting the relevant layer for irrigation recharge this was always Layer 1 locating the mouse arrow over the desired cell and pressing the right mouse button his action opens the following dialog 5037 1 P3 B3 FINAL Schlumberger Wat
8. 0 0 46 DTIRIS NSW Hydrologic mode The validation folder contains additional plots used to assess the consistency of model results at catchments where observations are present The subfolder Plots contains the following plots Annual Runoff which compares simulated and observed runoff values in an yearly basis Cumulative Total plotting cumulative observed and simulated runoff rates Flow Duration which compares simulated and observed values of runoff against percentage of time equalled or exceeded Monthly Average which plot monthly averaged values for observed and simulated runoff rates Monthly Flow which plot monthly simulated runoff values against corresponding monthly averaged observations Monthly Average Recharge which presents monthly average infiltration values mm Stores which present time series of storage volumes for the A B D and F stores as defined in LASCAM in millimetres These 7 plots are generated for each observation station The files are names as mentioned above with the station name append at the end Illustrative examples of the Annual Runoff and Stores plot are presented below 150 Annual Runoff 419047 Model EB Observed 100 E E E amp 50 ol mi 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Years 50371 F3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 47 Hydro
9. 29 2 mm yr Zone 38 These values were then allowed to change in the same way as other zones with mining or CSG developments mines were introduced to the predictive models by reducing the size of the historical sub catchment by the maximum footprint area of the mine from the start of the simulation Recharge was factored by 0 225 and then also factored by the new reduced catchment area For the predictive models monthly outputs were retained until 2030 from then until 2100 the monthly values were converted into annual averages by summing the monthly values for each year and dividing by 365 to get recharge in m d Recharge values calculated by LASCAM can be inserted directly in to the model using the menu Props Import gt Database ASCAM output files have the following format one header line followed by one line with the number of zones defined in the MODFLOW model and one line per zone including the recharge zone number and respective recharge value in m day In case of the transient run the number of zones and value lines are present for every stress period of the simulation An illustration of the format of the recharge file generated by LASCAM is provided below Recharge Conc Ponding Depth All 47035 200 1 0 0000548 0 0 0 0000041 0 3 0 00001233 0 0 00001233 0 0 00001233 0 00001233 8 0 00001233 00001233 0 00001233 00001233 0 0 gt 0 00001233 00001233 1 0 00001233 0 0 0 00001233 000
10. Custom Steps Prnl S ave Heads Every Time Steps Drawdown E very 5 Time Steps Save Cel by Cell Flows Every 5 Time Steps v Disable Printing of Head Drawdown to Output File Always Save Data at Last Time Step of Run Always Save Data at Last Time Step of each Stress Period v Always Save Data at First Time Step of Run Use Compact Budget File Format Note Mass balance hydrographs do not work with Compact Files Reference Drawdown ta Stress Ferda The output frequency for hydraulic heads drawdown and cell by cell flows can be set using the text boxes e Print Save Heads Every e Print Save Drawdown Every e Print Save Cell by Cell Flows Every Outputs from the beginning and end of the simulation can be saved by marking the check boxes Always Save Data at Last Time Step of Run and Always Save Data at First Time of Run Outputs from the end of each stress period can be saved marking the check box Always Save Data at Last Time Step of each Stress Period simulation outputs can often be too large in terms of storage space leading to slow reading times and difficult post processing In order to overcome that custom output can be defined in MODFLOW 5037 1 P3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 11 Groundwater Mode Custom outputs can be generated ticking the checkbox Use Custom Output Control Custom output settings can be defined in the menu Model gt MODFLOW gt Cust
11. can be accessed from the toolbar or menu Props gt Set Value or Zone 18 his button activates the property editing mode e Dt This button defines the default zone to be defined by the editing commands button Is used to assign a rectangular zone e PI This button Is used to assign a polygon zone This button transposes a property zone The same can be done using the menu Props Set Value or Zone Transpose Zone values for each property can be accessed through the Zone Database Information Dialog Dl button where a table including zone numbers and respective parameter values are shown and can be edited see figure below Zone Database Information X Zone Database Hydraulic Conductivity Property Zone Values Stress Period Number 1 Only 2 10 Boundary conditions 2 10 1 Recharge Recharge zones were assigned in the Namoi Model to match the sub catchment structure defined in the LASCAM model so that infiltration values from LASCAM could be assigned directly to MODFLOW The distribution of recharge zones can be edited in the property editing mode previously described Specific zone values can be accessed and edited in the Zone Database Information dialog Daily LASCAM output values were converted to a monthly MODFLOW format using a specially written script Monthly historical recharge from LASCAM was factored to an average catchment wide recharge value of 20 mm
12. conductance not relevant for constant heads R Ic L Head Reach 5 Cond 265 143 5 268 31 1 18 50 265 143 4 268 31 1 18 50 265 143 3 268 31 1 18 50 265 143 2 268 31 1 18 50 265 143 5 268 31 19 30 50 205 143 4 268 31 19 30 50 205 143 3 268 31 19 30 50 265 143 2 268 31 19 30 50 265 143 2 268 31 31 42 50 265 143 3 268 31 31 42 50 The text file can be imported using the menu BCs gt Import gt Text File 2 10 3 Fivers streams oimilar to constant heads the river boundary conditions can be accessed entering in the boundary condition editing mode using the B button and selecting River in the combo box as illustrated below 50371 P3 R3 HNAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 18 Groundwater Mode E GwVistas Namoi 80 gwv E in xi 2181 x Dig Em MoDFLOW Head Conc Bi fHydraulic Conductivity amp ae pata rd Blow Number Hiver Column Number Layer Humber hn B Nh Bl Component Number E Figure Number n B For Help press F1 leo Li 20e4005 par The editing mode can also be accessed using the menu BCs gt River Editing options and toolbar buttons are the same presented in the property mode River boundary conditions must be assigned for all stress periods of the simulation This can be achieved editing one
13. e Namoi_Sc3 gwv e Namoi Sc4 gwv e Namoi 5 5 0 e Namoi_Sc6 gwv e 5 7 0 These files contain all of the data required to run the historical and predictive scenario models The results Namoi Historical hds forms the initial heads for all of the scenario runs When running of these scenarios for the first time the link to the Namoi_Historical hds file must be defined within Groundwater Vistas 5037 P3 h3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIBIS NSW 2 Groundwater Mode 23 Domain grid and rotation The model domain comprises a rectangular model grid rotated by 30 degrees clockwise from north This aligns the model cells with the Basin morphology as the general dip direction of the hard rock units and orientation of the Upper Namoi Alluvium is along this axis he specific model properties are detailed below The model origin is at 745 000 6 410 000 Zone 55 GDA94 model extends 310 km the NW and 180 km the e The model cell size plan view is 1 000 m by 1 000 m 310 rows and 180 columns e model contains 20 vertical layers with thicknesses provided by the geological model described in Section 2 Each model layer is composed of 55 800 cells There are 20 model layers therefore resulting in a total number of cells for the model of 1 116 000 24 Layer surfaces Tasks involving the setup of layers and vertical discretization are mostly perfor
14. for generation of spatially distributed values If the option is set as yes only the rainfall stations specified in the siteselection xls spreadsheet will be used e Run Calibrator defines whether the calibrator is to be used When set to no LASCAM will conduct one single run with the specified parameters When set to yes LASCAM will be run many times and attempt to obtain the best match between the model results and observation data varying the parameters specified in the file calibration dat e Monthly B Store defines whether a specific output containing infiltration evaporation and net balance for each sub catchment is to be written If set to yes Matlab post processing will generate a series of charts and spreadsheets for each sub catchment If set to no output will be ignored and e Run Validation defines whether additional plots comparing observed and simulated flow rates are generated 50371 P3 R3 HNAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 43 Hydrologic mode Runtime StartDate EndDate 01 01 2006 31 12 2009 Start Flow Input End Flow Input 01 01 1990 01 01 2010 3 6 LASCAM runs and post processing results Once the input files are set the model can be run from Matlab Firstly the current folder of Matlab must be set to the matlab folder described in section 3 1 To change the current folder type the folder location in the Current Folder combo box located at the top of Matlab Window or pre
15. the end the simulation Addition of stress periods will result in appending them at the end of the last stress period while deletion of stress periods will be done from the last stress period backwards otress periods can be inserted or deleted in the middle of the simulation as opposed to the previous method which affect only the final stress period using the menu Model gt MODFLOW gt Insert delete Stress Periods new dialog appears see below where 3 operations can be performed e Delete starting with Stress Period e Insert after Stress Period e Insert before Stress period 5037 1 P3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 8 Groundwater Mode Operation UT NumbertoDelete 1 Adjust Target Times Stress Period Insert Options Stress Period Length Number of Time Steps Step Multiplier EM ess PEnDOS rare Copy Boundary Condition Data Starting From Stress Period OK Cancel otress period length and time stepping options can be found in the menu Model gt MODFLOW gt Stress period Setup new dialog with a table containing the details of each stress period is activated as illustrated in the figure below Stress Period Data table presents three columns as follows e Period Length which defines de stress period length defined in days in Namoi model e Time Steps which defines the number of time steps for each stress period e T
16. will be sent to Windows clipboard and can be pasted as a spreadsheet in Excel or as text 2316000 gig 2525254 7305608 200962 54316 mwn max maz Copy O a A onze Export ak Import 104 40 4 a EB 2720 3406 45533 545639 91065 Properties Downstream Distance 2 125 Predictive period mass balance The Groundwater Vistas files are set up with hydrostratigraphic property zones for use with mass balance analysis zones e Zone 1 Lower Namoi Alluvium layer 2 e Zone 2 Upper Namoi Alluvium Narrabri Formation layer 1 e Zone 3 Upper Namoi Alluvium Gunnedah Formation layer 2 e Zone 4 Unused Zone 5 Hard rock formations layers 2 to 20 5037 1 P3 R3 HNAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 32 Groundwater Model Once the cell by cell flow data the cbb file has been imported to Groundwater Vistas the flows calculated at boundary conditions within these zones and flows between neighbouring zones can be exported The mass balance data can be exported by using the menu Plot Mass Balance HydroStratigraphic Units gt Export HSU Report which opens a simple dialog box A file name must be chosen csv and then when prompted Summarize Mass Balance for All Times select yes The exported data can then be pasted directly into the 5 0 or ScX tabs of the analysis spr
17. 01 0 01 Parameters of surface water storage such as lakes and reservoirs are defined in the CSV file lake csv located in the lake folder Similar to the soil file the lake file consists of one header line followed by one line per lake storage structure Required parameters are described as follows e Sub ld of the sub catchment where the lake storage is located LakAMax Maximum area of storage km e LakvA Parameter relating storage volume and area e LakVDead Dead volume of storage LakVAMax Storage volume at LakAMax e LakVMax Maximum storage volume e LakQMax Maximum storage discharge e LakvQ Parameter relating volume and downstream discharge e NAME Text containing the name of the storage optional 50371 P 3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services 38 DTIRIS NSW Hydrologic mode An example of the lake csv file is presented below SUB LakAMax LakvA LakVDead LakVAma gt LakVMax LakQMax LakvQ NAME 1 0 345501 0 5 345 5 5182 5 5182 5 259 1 1 Storage 2 0 774878 1 5 774 93 11623 2 11623 2 581 2 1 Storage 4 1 1 75 1 5 1177 5 17662 5 17662 5 883 1 1 Storage 8 0 344112 1 5 344 1 5161 7 5161 7 258 1 1 Storage 10 0 170432 1 5 170 4 2556 5 2556 5 127 8 1 Storage 11 0 215963 1 5 216 3239 4 3239 4 162 1 Storage 12 0 142023 1 5 142 2130 3 2130 3 106 5 1 Storage 17 0 019627 1 5 19 6 294 4 294 4 14 7 1 Storage 24 0 771532 1 5 771 9 11573 11573 578 6 1 Storage 25 0 632395
18. 01233 i 0 00001233 8 0 00001233 D 00001233 0 0 0 0 00001233 0 0 00001233 0 2 0 00001233 0 00001233 0 0 50371 P3 R3 HNAL Schlumberger Water Services DITIRIS NSW 15 Groundwater Mode The LASCAM output can be converted into the correct format for import to MODFLOW using the Recharge_adjuster EXCEL file The following steps are required 1 Update columns A to D in the worksheet modflow recharge with the new LASCAM recharge dat file 2 lfrequired update the sub catchment area sizes in Column AX in modflow_recharge worksheet 3 Refresh the pivot table on pivot worksheet 4 Copy the adjusted data from Columns Y and Z in modflow_recharge worksheet to a new csv file Recharge values of a given stress period can be copied to remaining periods in case constant recharge values are to be used in the model not the case of Namoi model The menu Props Property Values Copy Transient Data opens a dialog which allows the operation to be conducted for one specific zone or all zones simultaneously 2 10 2 Mine inflow aram boundaries Drain boundary conditions can be edited in Groundwater Vistas using the boundary condition editing mode clicking the Bi button and selecting Drain in the combo box next to it The editing mode can also be accessed through the menu BCs gt Drain buttons for editing the same as presented in the property mode drains must be assigned for every stress per
19. 1 5 632 4 9485 9 9485 9 474 3 1 Storage 27 0 29937 1 9 299 4 4490 6 4490 6 224 5 1 5 28 1 100976 1 5 1101 16514 6 16514 6 825 7 1 Storage 30 0 244616 1 5 244 6 3669 2 3669 2 183 5 1 Storage 31 1 151989 1 5 1152 17279 8 17279 8 864 1 Storage 33 82 68657 15 82686 0 1240299 1240299 62014 9 1 Storage 37 1 585266 1 5 1585 3 23779 23 79 1188 9 1 Storage 3 3 3 land use settings Land use settings are restricted to vegetation parameters in LASCAM Vegetation parameters are defined in six CSV files located in the vegetation folder namely e Grn csv contains information on deep rooted vegetation fraction Imp csv contains information on the impervious soil fraction e Max csv contain initial conditions for groundwater elevations e Rip csv contains information on riparian vegetation fraction e Sc csm contains information on leaf area indexes LAI s and Sea csv contains information on seasonal distribution of the LAI s he file grn csv consists of two columns one for the sub catchment ID and the second for the fraction of deep rooted vegetation 96 The first line is a header with the column identifiers with one additional line for each simulated sub catchment An example of this file is presented below Number Value 1 14 9 2 6 4 3 16 7 4 0 1 3 50 9 6 4 7 30 3 8 0 1 9 10 4 10 34 4 11 0 2 12 13 2 5 14 0 5037 1 P3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 39 Hydrolog
20. 26 7125 0 7678 0 7071 1 0735 1 1078 1 0878 3 7877 35 1563 53 5755 52 8401 28 9811 28 8334 28 9719 14 4944 1 0707 1 0115 1 041 1 0042 14 1086 50 1874 47 7611 In addition to the Master Bstore xlsx file additional files containing individual values of recharge and evaporation for each sub catchment are created The general file name is store xlsx where XXX is the corresponding catchment number These files have the same format as the master file The Flow folder contains charts and spreadsheets comparing results from LASCAM against observation data The subfolder Plots contain charts with hydrographs of simulated and observed flow rates as illustrated below One plot for each observation point is generated 5037 T P3 RHS FINAL Schlumberger Water Services 45 DTIRIS NSW zl gt 9 ix Hydrologic mode Site 419015 The CSV folder within Flow contains spreadsheets containing the data used to generate the plots The file masterFlow xlsx contains all the observation data and corresponding LASCAM result values The spreadsheet contains 5 columns namely StationID contains the name of the observation point X contains the eastern coordinate of the observation Y contain the northern coordinate of the observation Raw contains the observation data in ML day Model contains the model results ML day Additional files with the same format are generated individu
21. 897 UTM 849470 UTM 787454 UTM 915140 UTM 854517 UTM 888231 UTM 889005 UTM 830297 UTM 828862 UTM 833950 UTM 863834 UTM 924005 UTM The file climate csv is present in the climate folder and contains annual averages for rainfall and evaporation for each sub catchment The format of the climate csv file is described in the following section 3 35 Evaporation settings Parameters required for evaporation are restricted to a single value of average annual evaporation per sub catchment These parameters are set in the climate csv file same file where average rainfall per catchment is defined located in the climate folder The file consists of one header line followed by one line for each sub catchment with the following parameters Link represents the sub catchment ID Evap average annual evaporation mm Rai average annual rainfall mm he following figure illustrates the climate csv format 34 Time settings link Evap Rai 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 wooly Cn amp N je C 592 96 567 7 611 3 533 35 831 23 570 51 554 82 572 2 642 43 663 65 625 02 LASCAM models are simulated in daily time steps Time settings are restricted to beginning and end of simulation dates hese settings be accessed and modified in the spreadsheet runtime xls located in the master folder 5037 T P3 RHS FINAL Schlumberger Water Services 42 DTIRIS NS
22. B3 and a re run scenario 0 into cell C3 he results are then displayed in the hydrographs in the Plots tab Results from surface water groundwater flow exchanges can be extracted using the menu Plot Import Results as described in section 2 11 1 In this case the check box for importing cell by cell flow must be marked With the results imported the calculations can be made through the menu Plot Mass Balance BC Flow Accretion Curve dialog in illustrated in the next figure appears 5037 1 P3 B3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 31 Groundwater Mode BC Flow Accretion Curve Options Boundary Type X Avis represents Downstream Distance Cancel z Reach Segmen for Streams f Plot Cumulative Flow in Downstream Direction Iv Plot Only for Current Layer combo box Boundary Type allows the selection of boundary type used for the calculations For surface water groundwater interaction the option River must be chosen Select the option Downstream Distance in the X Axis represents combo box and type the desired river reach ID in the text box Reach Segment for Streams reach id is defined during the setup of the river boundary conditions described in section 2 9 3 With all options selected pressing the OK button displays a chart window with a plot of flux rates against downstream distance To copy the numeric values right click on the graph and select the Copy option The data
23. C C d Uu e b O O 8 file siteselection xls contains the stations that will be used by LASCAM if only a sub set of the rainfall record is planned to be used This file is redundant if the option Use User Defined Rain in the file runtime xls is set to no The format of site selection xls consists of a header line with column identifiers followed by one line per rainfall station that will be used in model The followed inputs are required for each station Site ID Rainfall station Id It must match the Station Number field present in the rain csv file Y northern coordinate of the rainfall station X eastern coordinate of the rainfall station Projection coordinate system used for the rainfall station coordinates An example of the site selection file is presented in the following figure 5037 T P3 RHS FINAL Schlumberger Water Services 41 DTIRIS NSW Site ID 53026 53034 54003 55000 55006 55024 55043 55045 55049 55069 55136 95140 55143 55176 55239 55274 55276 55311 56075 6649898 6665784 6633786 6573844 6494862 6562915 6486439 6546590 6508161 6516630 6565924 6563356 6561153 6534680 6499982 6589907 6578158 6540048 6558148 Hydrologic mode X Projection 757757 UTM 723831 UTM 846923 UTM 868771 UTM 606880 UTM 812045 UTM 823514 UTM 788
24. THIS PAGE HAS BEEN LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK 5037 P3 h3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW NAMOI CATCHMENT WATER STUDY INDEPENDENT EXPERT MODEL USER MANUAL July 2012 903 1 P3 R3 FINAL Prepared for Department of Trade and Investment Regional Infrastructure and Services New South Wales DTIRIS NSW Locked Bag 21 range NSW 2800 Prepared by schlumberger Water Services Australia Pty Ltd Level 5 256 St Georges Terrace Perth WA 6000 Australia 5037 P3 h3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW REPORT REVIEW SHEET Namoi Catchment Water Study Independent Expert Model User Manual Client name Department of Trade and Investment Regional Infrastructure and Services New South Wales DTIRIS NSW Mr Mal Peters Chairman Ministerial Oversight Committee MOC SWS Project Manager sean Murphy SWS Technical Reviewer Mark Anderson 17 02 2012 Mark Anderson 27 07 2012 Mark Anderson 5037 P3 h3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 2 GROUNDWATER MODEL 2 1 Introduction 2 2 Groundwater Vistas files 2 3 Domain grid and rotation 2 4 Layer surfaces 2 5 MODFLOW settings 2 5 1 BCF LPF 25 2 Initial heads 2 6 Time settings 2 solver settings 2 8 Output settings 2 9 Parameterisation 2 10 Boundary conditions 2 10 1 Recharge 2 10 2 Mine inflow drain boundaries 2 10 3 Rivers streams 2 10 4 Abstraction wells background 2 10 5 Abstraction and inject
25. View File Well Type Standard Number of Lines to Skip 0 Column in File Column in File Column in File Name No Trans DataPts 3 Conductance Aw 80 XCoodnae 2 Column 0 FieienLoss Skm 00 Y Coordinate 3 Row Min Rate hem ScreenTop 0 Topkmer 5 QReactivate Qrem 0 Screen Bottom 0 Bolomlaye 6 ReachNo 0 FowRae f Concentision 0 0 p 0 iM NW fo Pumping Level 0 Casingradus O Almit mwn2 p All Data on One Line with Transient Data at Erid ol Line Multiply All Well Rates by 7 0 Allocate Pumping Rates Based on Screen Elevations Include Storage Elfects The dialog should be filled in as shown above The option Set as a Fracture Well or MNW well should be selected and the column numbers filled in for Name X coordinate Y coordinate No Trans Data Pts Top Layer Bottom Layer and Conductance Rw 2 10 5 Abstraction and injection wells CSG Abstraction from the CSG wells is simulated using the WEL package Injection of treated water back into the model domain 15 simulated in the same way The transient data has been compiled into a comma delimited text file csv with the same characteristics as that described above for the background abstractions The input file is generated using the spreadsheet Namoi_CSG_Inputs_140512 xIsb User defined inputs to the spreadsheet relate to one of three types layer surfaces CSG field geomet
26. W Hydrologic mode The fields StartDate and EndDate displayed in yellow in the next figure control the dates for beginning and end of the simulation respectively The fields Start Flow Input and End Flow Input contro the period in which observation data will be used for calibration purposes The use of sub sets is useful in some situations where an initial simulation period is assigned to the model stabilize numerically to initial conditions before sensible results can be provided Runtime OutputDirecto final simulation Convert Raw Data Use User Defined Rain Run Calibrator yes no no Run Validation yes 35 Specific run settings Other specific run settings can also be found in the runtime xls file and are highlighted in yellow in the screen print below The specific run settings are e OutputDirectory defines the name of the output directory which is created when it does not exist during the LASCAM run from Matlab e Convert Raw Data defines whether the rainfall and observation inputs need to be converted to LASCAM binary format prior to the model run The raw data conversion can be time consuming depending on the amount of data involved in the simulation so if the data has been previously converted it is recommended to set this option to no e Use User Defined Rain defines the rainfall data to be used in the simulation If this option is set as no LASCAM will use the entire rainfall dataset
27. ally for each station The file name corresponds to the station ID The format of the flow files is illustrated below StationID 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 419015 X 887628 7 887628 7 887628 7 887628 7 887628 7 887628 7 887628 7 887628 7 887628 7 887628 7 887628 7 887628 7 887628 7 887628 7 887628 7 887628 7 887628 7 887628 7 837028 7 887628 7 887628 7 887628 7 887028 7 887628 7 887628 7 5037 I P3 RHS FINAL Date 6543187 01 01 1990 6543187 02 01 1990 6543187 03 01 1990 6543187 04 01 1990 6543187 05 01 1990 6543187 06 01 1990 6543187 07 01 1990 6543187 08 01 1990 6543187 09 01 1990 6543187 10 01 1990 6543187 11 01 1990 6543187 12 01 1990 6543187 13 01 1990 6543187 14 01 1990 6543187 15 01 1990 6543187 16 01 1990 6543187 17 01 1990 6543187 18 01 1990 6543187 19 01 1990 6543187 20 01 1990 6543187 21 01 1990 6543187 22 01 1990 6543187 23 01 1990 6543187 24 01 1990 6543187 25 01 1990 Raw 0 60 6 127 6 278 2 201 6 226 226 248 6 320 202 4 174 6 184 2 180 6 177 6 172 187 2 198 6 144 2 137 137 141 145 144 6 143 2 161 2 Schlumberger Water Services Model O O 6 8 1216 13 77216 22 00608 20 89152 20 66688 19 63872 18 84384 18 37728 18 46368 18 16128 18 13536 17 68608 16 75296 15 84576 14 9904
28. and Cell by Cell Flow text boxes Important Only results specified in the output control are saved by MODFLOW and therefore only these results can be imported into Groundwater Vistas 2 122 Contours For the most part model results are reported as drawdown from coal and gas developments As the model predicts drawdown from all sorts of things on top of this background abstraction natural recharge changes etc the results must be compared against Scenario 0 Drawdown contours are produced by subtracting ourfer ascii grids from the Scenario 0 model from Surfer ascii grids from the Scenario 3 model If the grids are exported from the same stress period and time step this calculation provides the drawdown only due to coal and gas developments at that time To export the grids the head results from the stress period and time step required must be imported following the process outlined above Then selecting the Plot What to Display dialog box the option Display Contours of Head must be selected Once this has been done head grids can be exported for the active layer by selecting File gt Export In the dialog box that appears ohapefiles and many other formats can be selected as the Save as type 50371 P 3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 28 Groundwater Mode 2 12 3 Aydrograpns Hydrographs for the observation targets can be exported using the menu Reports gt Calibration gt Target Residuals he Calibration Targ
29. chment The purpose of the Study is to collate and analyse quality data to assist in identifying and quantifying risks associated with the coal mining and coal seam gas CSG developments on water resources The numerical modelling tools were developed as part of Phase 3 of the Study Two numerical models were constructed that together have the ability to simulate those parts of the hydrological system that are pertinent to the simulation of the interaction between coal and gas development and the surface water and groundwater resources of the Namoi catchment two models constitute the Model and are lumped parameter Hydrologic Model This was constructed with the LASCAM Viney and Sivapalan 2000 package and is used to simulate the fate of rainfall in the catchment particularly the portion that forms runoff and the portion that percolates downwards into the sediments and recharges the groundwater system This model includes the simulation of the impact of mining and 656 development on these processes A groundwater flow model the Groundwater Model This was constructed using the numerical code MODFLOW 2000 Harbaugh et al 2000 and is used to simulate the processes governing groundwater flow in and between the alluvial aquifers and hydrostratigraphic units pertinent to the prediction of the impact of coal and gas developments on the groundwater resources and the interaction between surface water and groundwater model theref
30. d Maules Creek Formation mines 1 Open cut mines e Hypothetical Mines Data tab Filter columns to for the mine number in column A Chose which mine numbers to filter based on the data in columns F to H In the template spreadsheet provided mine numbers 10 11 15 18 20 22 23 25 and 28 are open cut and within the Hoskissons Seam Therefore to define the open cut Hoskissons Seam mines filter for these mine numbers Copy the filtered results e Hoskissons OC tab Paste the mine numbers row and column coordinates from above to column A B and C zone in blue If additional mine cells are included the calculations need to be extended to further rows Column J corresponds to the input data for the groundwater numerical model 2 Underground mines e Hypothetical Mines Data tab Filter columns A to for the mine number in column A Chose which mine numbers to filter based on the data in columns F to H In the template spreadsheet provided mine numbers 13 16 21 24 29 and 31 to 34 are underground mines targeting the Hoskissons Seam Therefore to define the underground Hoskissons Seam mines filter for these mine numbers Copy the filtered results e Hoskissons UG tab Paste the mine numbers row and column coordinates from above to column A B and C zone in blue If additional mine cells are included the calculations need to be extended to further rows Column J corresponds to the input data for the groundwater numerical
31. del stress periods SP tab How the spreadsheet works Every model cell within a CSG field is defined as being one of the following based on the thickness of the coal seams or formations they intercept Hoskissons Only the Hoskissons Seam is present at a thickness of 5 m or greater in this cell Melville Only the Melville Seam is present at a thickness of 5 m or greater in this cell Maules Creek Only the Maules Creek Formation is present at a thickness of 5 m or greater in this cell Hoskissons Melville Both the Hoskissons and Melville Seams are present in this cell both at a thickness of 5 m or greater Hoskissons Maules Both the Hoskissons Seam and Maules Creek Formation are present in this cell both at a thickness of 5 m or greater 5037 I P3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 22 Groundwater Model e Melville Maules Both the Melville Seam and Maules Creek Formation are present in this cell both at a thickness of 5 m or greater Cells where all three seams formations were present are limited and were therefore discounted from this analysis here is therefore no Hoskissons Melville Maules class If there is no thickness of coal seam or formation in any particular model cell then it is not assigned to any of these groups This data is used directly to assign wells in a CSG field to the correct layer and to apportion the abstraction accordingly A single well can only target one of the thr
32. e definitions Hoskissons Hoskissons Maules and Hoskissons Melville Copy and transpose paste the following a Column M to cell G3 in the Bando Hoskissons tab b Column N to cell G4 in the Bando Hoskissons tab c Column J to cell G5 in the Bando Hoskissons tab 5 Melville tab In Field Cells Calc tab select all cells beneath and including row 5 columns A to P and filter column C for the definitions Hoskissons Hoskissons Maules and Hoskissons Melville Copy and transpose paste the following a Column M to cell in the Bando Melville tab b Column N to cell G4 in the Bando Melville tab c Column J to cell G5 in the Bando Melville tab 5037 1 P3 B3 HINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 23 Groundwater Model 6 Maules tab In Field Cells Calc tab select all cells beneath and including row 5 columns A to P and filter column C for the definitions Hoskissons Hoskissons Maules and Hoskissons Melville Copy and transpose paste the following a Column M to cell G3 in the Bando Maules tab b Column N to cell G4 in the Bando Maules tab c Column J to cell 65 in the Bando Maules tab 7 QC Inputs tab Quality check the results Column D should be equalled to 0 as this is where the input and desired total yearly average abstraction for the entire CSG field is compared against the final product of the spreadsheet calculations 9 0656 Held GV Input If more wells than currently in the file are considered
33. eadsheets depending on requirements he results are displayed in the tab Plot he process is the same for mass balance groundwater surface water interaction and flow spreadsheets which are detailed below e Namoi Mass Balance xlsx e Interaction xlsx e Namoi flows xlsx 5037 1 P3 B3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 33 Groundwater Model THIS PAGE HAS BEEN LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY 5037 P3 h3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIBIS NSW 34 3 HYDROLOGIC MODEL 3 1 Introduction The Large Scale Catchment Model LASCAM developed by Viney and Sivalapan 2000 was the selected code to simulate the surface water processes occurring in the catchment While providing a robust simulation of processes such as infiltration and run off with a relatively small number of parameters LASCAM does not have a graphical user interface for pre and post processing of model inputs and results In order to allow the use of LASCAM in an optimized way and accelerate workflows related to model settings and results processing additional scripts were developed using Matlab Matlab is a high level language and Interactive environment for technical computing developed by Mathworks The Matlab scripts help translating the inputs stored in spreadsheets into the LASCAM input files as well as processing LASCAM results and generating ready to use outputs such as charts spreadsheets and MODFLOW package files recharge in this Case
34. ee geological units Therefore a cell where two or more coal seams formations are present will have two or three wells assigned If a cell contains only one well the well production or injection rate corresponds to the cell production or injection rate If a cell contains two wells the well production or injection rates are calculated based on the cell production or injection rates proportionally to the targeted unit thickness The calculations described above are undertaken in the Field Cells Calc Bando Hoskissons Bando Melville Bando Maules tabs and the results are amalgamated in the 56 Field GV Input tab How to use the soreadsheet In order to produce a full CSG abstraction input file for Groundwater Vistas the following tabs require inputs 1 QC Inputs tab Input the yearly average field production or injection rates in m d in columns A and B Input positive values for a production project abstraction and negative values for injection project 2 CSG_Field_Pts tab Input cell coordinates from Groundwater Vista model grid X Y row and column highlighted in yellow of all model cells falling within the CSG field area 3 Held Cells Calc tab Check if all the CSG field cells see step 2 are taken into account and if they are not extend row 1822 down which holds the calculations 4 Hoskissons tab In Field Cells Calc tab select all cells beneath and including row 5 columns A to P and filter column C for th
35. elow MODFLOW Solver Packages Automatically Reset Package Units PcGA PCG5 PCGn Link AMG LMG pcc2 sP son Mapimum Outer Iterations 20000 _ Masimum Inner Iterations hon Head Change Criterion a1 Residual Criterion for Convergence 05 Relaxation Parameter jus Matrix Preconditioning Method Cholesky Mavimum Bound on Eigenvalue 54 02 Solver Printing Option Pinal PCG2SummayDataPrintedEvey 5 Iteration Damping Factor 0 0 to 1 0 md Converge if Criteria Met lor Ds eieaa 5037 I P3 RHS FINAL Schlumberger Water Services 10 new dialog DTIRIS NSW Groundwater Mode Each tab on the dialog corresponds to the settings of a specific solver The solver PCG was the solver used in the Namoi model although other solvers can be used The solver PCG4 PCG5 cannot be used since this solver is only present in the MODFLOW SURFACT model The LMG solver is proprietary and must be purchased prior to being used 28 Output settings The default output settings dialog can be accessed through the menu Model MODFLOW Package Options in the Output Control tab MODFLOW Options IBS SUB Density 1 0 Formats Streams Wells MNW Package Wetlands Basic BCF LPF Output Control initia Heads Recharge ET Resaturation CHD Head Print Format 10611 4 v Wrap Drawdown Frnt Format 10511 4 v Wrap Use Custom Output Control Number of
36. er Services DTIRIS NSW 24 Groundwater Mode Constant Flux Well Boundary Condition Insert One Boundary Cell Spatial Location Well Charactenstics Row number Flow Rate in Well 0 Coumnumber n7 Concentration iniection Lico A Reach number D j Store Data for All Chemical Components Optimization for Managed Pumping 1 Unit Stimulus 0 Lipper Bound 0 Radius LowerBound 00000 Weight fi Max Drawdown 100 Install Cost o PumpingCost 0 Transient Dal Zomguorentt V Steady state Boundary Condition Transient Data ok Computed Boundary Condition Color Cancel Title Replace Select Option when Editing an Existing Boundary Condition As the Irrigation recharge varies from month to month the input cannot be treated as steady state For this reason the option Steady state Boundary Condition should be unselected Once this has been done time variant rates of recharge can be assigned by left clicking on the Transient Data option The spreadsheet Namoi_Transient_Irrigation xlsx has been set up to allow production of both time variant historical based on 306 equal length stress periods and time variant predictive based on 304 unequal length stress periods input files To change the irrigation rates on which the inputs are calculated change the values in cells H2 currently equal to 30 mm yr or cell 12
37. et Report dialog will appear as illustrated in the next figure Calibration Target Report Target Type Use Weights in All Calculations Use Stochastic Results for Realization Number Target List Summanze Statistics Layer Range from n to 20 T By Group By Zone Using Current Property Time Range from o to 100000000 Group Range from 0 lo 99999 Zone Range from f to 9998 Note Current Property Type Used in Zone Range Above Absolute Value of Residuals Greater Than 0 v List Targets with Following Characteristics By Laver Special Absolute Value of Residuals Less Than 100000000 Targets in Diy Cell Ust Row and Colm Targets in Cells with Conditions v Write X Coordinates in Site Coordinate System Show Show Mearest Target Summarize Statistics for This Group ID Namor Gareth Namoi 1_Scenarios January 201 2 ScenanoQ T argetFieporl csv Browse File Name Launch Text Editor to View Report Targets to be exported can be filtered by layer simulation time group and zone using the Target List box summarized statistics by layers group and zone can be generated by ticking the checkboxes located in the Summarize Statistics box he location and name of the CSV file containing the hydrographs is defined in the File Name text box located a
38. f one layer does not automatically assign the top elevation of the layer below requiring that both top and bottom elevations are assigned for all layers The same Is valid for top elevation and bottom elevation of the layer above 50371 P3 R3 HNAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 3 Groundwater Mode 25 MODFLOW settings 2 5 1 BOF LE The choice between the Block Centred Flow BCF and Layer Property Flow LPF packages affects the way MODFLOW formulates interblock conductances and confined unconfined behaviour The BCF package can be activated deactivated using the Menu Model gt MODFLOW gt Packages following dialog will appear MO DFLOW Packages Root File Name MODFLOW Version MODFLOW2000 Use SURFACT Version 2 4 Run MODFLOW in Double Precision Package UnkNo Create CelbyCelFlow Edi 1 Basic DIEA E Unit No gi BCF AERE jal Output Contol 2 F Solver P2 wS Wel 2 NEN 6 River x E Drain 13 50 GeneralHead 0 o Stream EE Zz Recharge 18 7 51 2E ja Wall E CHD bo MNW po Gi Create Map File 220 Create Path3D Files v Automatically Reset Package Units To activate the BCF package click the check box next to the BCF package 2 line The LPF package can be activated deactivated through the menu Model MODFLOW 2000 Packages
39. ic mode The imp csv file has a similar structure to the grn csv file with the first column containing the sub catchment identifier and the second column containing the impervious fraction A column identifier header is followed by one additional line per sub catchment as illustrated below Catchmen Value W oy B Ww h3 E e The files max csv and rip csv have the same formats of imp csv files The sc csv file contains the spatially distributed values for Leaf Area Index LAI It consists of one header line with the column identifier and one additional line for each sub catchment containing the following parameters e Catchment refers to the sub catchment ID e GRN Leaf Area Index for the deep rooted vegetation and e leaf Area Index for the riparian vegetation An example of the sc csv file is present below Catchmen GRN RIP 1 1 08 1 08 2 0 81 0 81 3 0 87 0 87 4 0 77 0 77 5 1 9 1 9 6 0 87 0 87 7 0 88 0 88 8 0 92 0 92 9 0 92 0 92 10 0 96 0 96 11 0 74 0 74 12 0 83 0 83 3 34 Rainfall settings Rainfall data is defined in three files The first two files rain csv and siteselection xls and are located in the folder rainfall The file rain csv contains the raw observed data from rainfall stations and consists of one header line with one additional line per rainfall record Inputs required for each rainfall record are X eastern coordinate of the ra
40. ime Step Multiplier which defines the time step multiplier within the stress period The value of 1 equates to having equal time step lengths The value used in this model is 1 1 27 Solver settings MODFLOW contains many solvers which can be used to solve the differential equations formulated for a given model The choice of solver relies on the type and complexity of models with PCG2 being the most commonly used The solver can be chosen through the menu Model gt MODFLOW gt Packages is a combo box next to the solver package line which determines which solver will be used see below 5037 1 P3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 9 MODFLOW Packages xj Groundwater Model Root File Name n _ 2012 ok MODFLOW Version MODFLOW Low2000 UseSURFACT Veron o Run MODFLOW in Double Precision ir IUNIT Location Edit Package UntNo Create Celby CellFlow Output J 1 Unit Tl 0 Output Control 220 0 72 Solver 5 x ZI Well l zx River SS hz 411 0 pan Stream Br zo v Ell ET rel Wall 0 E 4 CHD 0 r zE MNW 41 Iv Iz Create Map File MT3D Flow Output 22 Create Path3D Files Solver settings be changed using the menu Model gt MODFLOW gt Solver Options with the settings for the several solvers will appear and is illustrated b
41. infall station e Y northern coordinate of the rainfall station e Station Number rainfall station identification number e Date Time date and time of the rainfall record e Year year of the rainfall record 5037 P3 h3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 40 Month1 month of the rainfall record Hydrologic mode Day1 day of the rainfall record and Precip recorded precipitation in mm Rainfall records are required to be in a daily basis The records must also be ordered by station number and date An example of the file is included below X 757756 6 757756 6 757756 6 757756 6 757756 6 757756 6 757756 6 757756 6 757756 6 757756 6 757756 6 757756 6 757756 6 757756 6 757756 6 757756 6 757756 6 Y 6649858 6649898 6643898 6649898 6643598 6649898 6649858 6649898 6643598 6649898 6649898 6649898 6649898 6649898 6649898 6649895 6649898 Station Number Date Time Yearl 53026 53026 53026 53026 53026 53026 53026 53026 53026 53026 53026 53026 53026 53026 53026 53026 53026 01 01 1990 02 01 1990 03 01 1990 04 01 1990 05 01 1990 06 01 1990 07 01 1990 08 01 1990 09 01 1990 10 01 1990 11 01 1990 12 01 1990 13 01 1990 14 01 1990 15 01 1990 16 01 1990 17 01 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 Month1 Dayl i
42. iod of the simulation either by assigning and copying to the following periods or assigning each stress period separately he data used to define the drain boundary conditions used to simulate groundwater flows to both open cut and underground mines in Groundwater Vistas in the predictive scenarios is generated using the spreadsheet Namoi_CSG_lnputs_140512 xlsb Data needs to be inputted or modified in several of the tabs in the spreadsheet to produce and control the mine drain boundary condition file The tabs relate either to drain cell specifics conductance stress periods etc or to the model layer surfaces The tabs are Drain boundary condition data e Drain cell conductance Conductance tab e Groundwater Vista row and column coordinates of the mine drain cells list of the mines including their type and the targeted seam Hypothetical_Mines_Data tab e model stress periods SP tab Layer surface data e Groundwater Vista export file of layer 12 Hoskissons seam top elevation Elevations L12 tab e Groundwater Vista export file of layer 14 Melville seam top elevation Elevations L14 tab e Groundwater Vista export file of layer 17 Maules Creek formation top elevation Elevations 118 tab How the spreadsheet works 50371 P3 R3 HNAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 16 Groundwater Model he file includes five working tabs based on the seam targeted and the mine type Hoskissons open cut mine Ho
43. ion wells CSG 2 10 6 Irrigation injection wells 2 10 7 Connective cracking permeability enhancement 2 11 Model and translation and run 2 12 Post processing results 2 12 1 Importing model results 2 12 2 Contours 2 12 3 Hydrographs 2 12 4 Historical surface water groundwater interaction 2 125 Predictive period mass balance 3 HYDROLOGIC MODEL 3 1 Introduction ou Domain and sub catchment selection 3 3 Parameterisation 3 9 1 Soil settings 3 3 2 Surface water storage settings 3 3 3 Land use settings 3 3 4 Rainfall settings 3 35 Evaporation settings 3 4 Time settings 3 5 specific run settings 5037 1 P3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services Page CO BW co 11 13 14 14 16 18 20 21 24 2 21 21 21 28 29 31 32 35 39 37 37 37 38 39 40 42 42 43 DTIRIS NSW 3 6 REFERENCES 5037 1 F3 FA3 FINAL Contents LASCAM runs and post processing results Schlumberger Water Services 44 50 DTIRIS NSW THIS PAGE HAS BEEN LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY 5037 P3 h3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 1 INTRODUCTION ochlumberger Water Services Australia Pty Ltd SWS has been appointed as the Independent Expert for the Namoi Catchment Water Study the Study and has been charged with the development of an integrated suite of models the Model for the assessment of the nature and extent of potential effects from coal and gas developments on the water resources of the cat
44. ions used in the model calibration Lake this folder contains information about lakes and reservoirs e Master this folder contains inputs that control running time and outputs e Parameter this folder contains parameter inputs that common to all sub catchments e Rainfall this folder contains rainfall data e 011 this folder contains information regarding soil parameters and e Vegetation this folder contains information on the vegetation and Impervious surfaces The files in the folder matlab relate to internal operation of the models and therefore must not be modified in any way Details on the output folder and post processing are presented in Section 3 6 50371 P 3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 36 Hydrologic model 3 2 Domain and sub catchment selection The LASCAM model domain and sub catchment selection is defined in the file catchment csv located in the Catchment folder The file consists of a header line containing the column identifiers followed by one line per sub catchment in the model sub catchment input consists of 9 parameters namely e Link indicates the sub catchment ID starting from 1 for the most downstream catchment up to the total number of catchments 99 in the Namoi LASCAM model e Dslink indicates the ID of the downstream sub catchment For the most downstream sub catchment Dslink must be assigned as 0 e DistToOF distance along the river f
45. l The file containing the previously simulated heads can be defined in the File Name box and the desired time can be defined in the Stress Period and Time Step text boxes option Use Initial Heads Property Data allows the manual editing of initial heads in the property editing mode described in Section 2 8 MODFLOW Options 3 4 ENT xd IBS SUB Density 1 0 Formats Streams Wells MNW Package Wetlands Basic BCF LPF Output Contro Initial Heads Recharge ET Resaturation Head Save File Options Initial Head Location Set Heads from Head save BASIC SURFER matrix File Name D Namoi G areth N amo 80 N amoi 80 hd Browse Stress Period 306 Time Step 5 NOTE You can only specify a lime step stress penod when writing heads to the BASIC Package When reading heads directly from the binary files MODFLOW starts reading from the beginning of the file SetAllinitialHeads atLeast 05 Above Layer Bottoms V Surfer File f applicable is in Site Coordinates Default Heads In Each Layer 5037 1 P3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 1 Groundwater Mode 26 Time settings MODFLOW models have their simulation period divided into stress periods and time steps While stress periods define time periods in which boundary conditions do not change e g recharge rates abs
46. lled Predictive Hypothetical Hydrographs Bando1 xlsx e Predictive Hypothetical Hydrographs Bando2 xlsx e Predictive Hypothetical Hydrographs Bando3 xlsx e Predictive Hypothetical Hydrographs Bando4 xlsx e Predictive Hypothetical Hydrographs Narrabri1 xlsx Predictive Hypothetical Hydrographs Narrabri2 xlsx Namoi Predictive Hypothetical Hydrographs Narrabri3 xlsx Predictive Hypothetical Hydrographs Narrabri4 xlsx he configuration of each spreadsheet is the same and the exported data must be pasted into columns K to T of the Results tab If Scenario 0 has also changed this data can be pasted into columns A to J The difference between Scenario 0 and the coal and gas development scenario is then calculated in column U and the hydrograph presented in the tab Plot 2124 Historical surface water groundwater interaction The difference between Scenario 0 and the coal and gas development scenario predictions of interaction flows between groundwater and surface water are analysed using three spreadsheets e river Accretion 2030 xlsx e river Accretion 2030 xlsx e river Accretion 2030 xlsx Following the method above the predictive data can be pasted directly into the relevant column in each Reach tab in the spreadsheet there are 14 of these tabs one for each modelled reach Results for any coal and gas scenario can be pasted into cell
47. logic mode Store mm 888 8 Store mm 01 1995 12 1996 12 1998 12 2000 12 2002 12 2004 e Store mm e 0 E X ido l 01 1995 12 1996 12 1998 12 2000 12 2002 12 2004 Date 3 2 a 01 1995 12 1996 12 1998 12 2000 12 2002 12 2004 Date 100 gt 5 ol 5037 1 P3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 48 Hydrologic model THIS PAGE HAS BEEN LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY 50371 P3 B3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIBIS NSW 49 REFERENCES ESI 2011 Guide to Using Groundwater Vistas Version 6 Environmental Simulations Inc Harbaugh AW Banta ER Hill MC 4 McDonald MG 2000 MODFLOW 2000 The U S geological survey modular ground water model User guide to modularisation concepts and the ground water flow process Open File Report 00 92 pp 121 United States Geological Survey USA Viney NR amp Sivapalan 2000 Modelling catchment processes in the Swan Avon River Basin Aydro Process 1413 2671 2685 5037 P3 h3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 50
48. med using the Grid and Props menus New layers can be added using the menu Grid gt Insert gt Layer above if the new layer is to be added above the current layer or Grid gt Insert gt Layer below if the new layer is to be added below the current layer In either case the following dialog will appear xj Option for Thickness of New Layer Percentage of Curent Lay OK Cancel Thickness or Percentage 05 _ Cancel NOTE The current layer wall be split into 2 layers The option above determines how the layer will be split The combo box Option for Thickness of New Layer provides options for inserting layers the first one Percentage of Current Layer splits the current layer in two assigning a percentage of the current layer thickness to the new layer percentage 15 defined in the text box Thickness or Percentage The second option Constant thickness assigns a constant thickness for the new layer The thickness of the new layer can be specified in the Thickness or Percentage text box Layers can be deleted in the menu Grid Delete Current layer he thickness of layers can be edited in the menu Props gt Top elevation or Props gt Bottom elevation where the top and bottom elevations of layers can be edited respectively Elevations can be assigned manually or imported via the menu Props Import where several different formats can be used It is important to note that assigning the bottom elevation o
49. model Column D is used to define the development schedule of each underground mine he development is split into 6 stages of 5 years each and the active cells during each of these stages is defined by putting the stage number next to each mine cell in this column This Is done manually 5037 1 P3 B3 HINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 17 Groundwater Mode When finished data for the Groundwater Vistas input file is generated in the Import tab This must be copied and pasted into another blank spreadsheet which is then saved as This file can then be imported to Groundwater Vistas The text file csv contains eight columns see figure below described as follows e First column Indicates the row index of the cell where the constant head will be applied e Second column C Indicates the column index of the cell where the constant head will be applied e hird column L Indicates the layer index of the cell where the constant head will be applied e Fourth column Head Indicates the head elevation for the constant head to be applied in mAHD for the Namoi model e Fifth column Reach Reach index used by Groundwater Vistas and used here to index the different mines e oixth column S Indicates the starting stress period for the constant head e oeventh column E Indicates the ending stress period for the constant head e Eighth column Cond Indicates the boundary
50. nce VCONT Use Top Elevation Zones Leakance Zones Represent Layer Types Layer Layer Type LAYCON BCF3 4 Averaging 1 1 Linconfined Layer 1 i Harmonic 2 2 2 Unconlined S Vanes Har monic 3 2 Unconfined S Varies Harmonic i 4 2 Unconlined 15 Varies Hamonic 5 2 Unconfined 5 Vanes Harmonic ad v Use Vanable Anisotropy Ruskauff and Kladias 1896 All Layers Confined Compute Aquitard Leakance Like ModelCad m Storage Coefficient Represents Specific Storage 55 v Multiply K Times Layer Thickness for Conlined Layers Vertical nr EDUC D lo Parameters regarding vertical leakance can be found in the top box Checking the Compute Leakance VCONT box makes MODFLOW calculate the vertical leakance based on cell thicknesses and vertical hydraulic conductivities as specified in the model this is the option used in the Namoi Model If this option is not selected leakance values will be assigned from the Leakance property which can be represented as raw leakance values vertical conductivity of the layer vertical conductivity of the aquitard or vertical anisotropy leakance format can be chosen in the Leakance Zones Represent combo box Layer confined unconfined behaviour can be defined in the Layer Types box For each layer defined in the model there will be a combo box in the column La
51. om Output Control A dialog with a table of settings see below is displayed with the following main columns Stress Period specifies the stress period for the custom output Time Step specifies the time step for custom output e Save Head specifies if heads will be saved 1 yes 0 no e Save Ddn specifies if drawdown will be saved 1 yes 0 no e Save Conc specifies if concentration will be saved Not relevant to the Namoi Model e Save CBC specifies if cell by cell flows for water balance calculations will be saved 1 yes 0 no The remaining columns refer to output to the MODFLOW list file and are not relevant to the Namoi Model Custom Output Control Settings Notes Copy to Paste Cancel 1 Time Steps not identified on this sheet will not have any output to the binary files 2 For saving printing and drawdown reference 1 means and means No 5037 1 P3 R3 HINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 12 Groundwater Mode 2 9 Parameterisation The majority of spatially distributed parameters of the model can be accessed and modified in the property editing mode This mode allows the displaying and editing of all properties Properties relevant to the Namoi Model are Hydraulic Conductivity otorage Porosity e Recharge Elevation Bottom Elevation and e Heads Properties can be edited using zones of constant value
52. on of the sub catchment underlain by contributing aquifers The sub catchment lines have to be in ascending order by A typical soil file format is shown below link dmin dmean fieldCap poroZNS depthBR psif mm lambda 1 0 2 2 1 0 313901 0 06805 0 213901 20 100 0 33 2 0 2 2 1 0 289161 0 080419 0 189161 20 100 0 33 3 0 2 2 1 0 322461 0 06377 0 222461 20 100 0 33 4 0 2 2 1 0 295236 0 077382 0 195236 20 100 0 33 5 0 2 2 1 0 338372 0 055814 0 238372 20 100 0 33 6 0 2 2 1 0 272875 0 088563 0 172875 20 100 0 33 7 0 2 2 1 0 303253 0 073374 0 203253 20 100 0 33 8 0 2 2 1 0 28909 0 080455 0 18909 20 100 0 33 9 0 2 2 1 0 315647 0 067177 0 215647 20 100 0 33 10 0 2 2 1 0 3257 0 06215 0 2257 20 100 0 33 11 0 2 2 1 0 268375 0 090812 0 168375 20 100 0 33 12 0 2 2 1 0 254548 0 097726 0 154548 20 100 0 33 13 0 2 2 1 0 262164 0 093918 0 162164 20 100 0 33 14 0 2 2 1 0 282027 0 083986 0 182027 20 100 0 33 15 0 2 2 1 0 278619 20 085691 0 178619 20 100 0 33 16 0 2 2 1 0 251348 0 099326 0 151348 20 100 0 33 17 0 2 2 1 0 260748 0 094626 0 160748 20 100 0 33 18 0 2 2 1 0 324071 0 062964 0 224071 20 100 0 33 3 9 2 Surface water storage settings specYield 0 245851 0 208742 0 258691 0 217854 0 282557 0 184312 0 229879 0 208634 0 24847 0 26355 0 177563 0 156822 0 168246 0 198041 0 192928 0 152022 0 166122 0 261107 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0
53. or as matrices of continuous values The dialog found in the menu Props Property Options opens the dialog for setting the mode of every property By default hydraulic conductivity storage and recharge are treated with zone distributions while layer elevations and initial heads are defined by continuous matrices he property zones distribution can be edited using the editing mode by pressing the amp button he property to be edited can be selected in the combo box next to the s button CF GWVistas Namoi 71_Scenarin0 Jan 2012 gwv _ Jj xl AE Plot Model Grd BCs Props 3D Reports Widow Heb 16 JEH EJIEBIEH DE S amp woprLow amp Glos Bi constamHeadiConc Head Cone Recharge G SIA Hydraulic Conduclivity a anid _ Storage Sy Porosity Leakance Recharge j Fyapotranspiration Top Elevation Bottom Elevation Dispersivity Chemical Reactions Initial Concentration Diffusion Jinterbed Storage IBS Package IInterbed Storage SUB Package Hydrostratigraphy Unsaturated one Initial Head Dual Domain Surfact anl sea Walter Interlaces s m d cu E SSE For press Ft EM hie CHO 121 6165392 1157728 dj 5 50371 P3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 13 Groundwater Mode Once the property has been selected the following options
54. ore includes representation of the abstraction of groundwater associated with CSG development and the flow of groundwater to mine voids both underground and open cut lt also uses predictions from the Hydrologic Model to define groundwater recharge inputs and changes to these in response to mining and CSG development According to the Study Request for Tender Section 06 3 7 1 0 1 a User Manual must be produced that provides full details on how to operate the Model including updating the Model to include additional or improved data and the locations for mines or gas extraction developments This document represents the User Manual Section 2 provides details of the operation of the Groundwater Model and Section 3 the operation of the Hydrologic Model 5037 P3 h3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIBIS NSW 1 2 GROUNDWATER MODEL 2 1 Introduction The MODFLOW 2000 numerical code Harbaugh et al 2000 along with the user interface Groundwater Vistas Version 6 ESI 2011 is used to simulate groundwater flow and surface water groundwater interaction in the Groundwater Model The modelling has been undertaken assuming saturated single phase temperature independent and single density groundwater flow 2 2 Groundwater Vistas files Nine Groundwater Vistas files and a single results file have been provided They are Historical gwv Namoi Historical hds e 5 0 0 e Namoi 5 1 0 e Namoi_Sc2 gwv
55. p name for this file must be provided Once the maps are imported and can be seen in Groundwater Vistas the hydraulic parameters can be changed by first selecting Props gt Hydraulic Conductivity his activates the options for controlling this parameter f changes to storage are required Storage Porosity must be selected instead Once this has been done changes to the parameters can be made simply by right clicking on relevant model cells To control the zone number attributed to the cell when this is done simply select Props gt Default Values Then in the dialog box that opens set the Default Zone Number to equal the zone that is required 2 11 Model and translation and run model setup is finished the model inputs need to be translated to MODFLOW input files format This operation is done pressing the button or through the menu Model MODFLOW Create Datasets With the model files translated the model can be set to run wither using Groundwater Vistas or with native USGS MODFLOW through the command prompt From Groundwater Vistas the model can be run using the menu Model MODFLOW Run MODFLOW new dialog will appear showing the running progress and verbose messages The model should carry on running through the time steps and stress periods until it gets to the end At this point it will say the Modflow has finished and model results will be ready to be post processed 212 Post processing results 2 12 1 Impo
56. rated by Matlab post processing scripts are saved in the subfolder 2 post located within the Output folder The 2 post folder contains 3 subfolders namely BStore e Flow and e Validation The BStore folder stores the results regarding infiltration and evaporation into deep aquifer the recharge package file that goes into the Modflow model is saved in this folder The CSV subfolder contains a series of spreadsheets Master Bstore xlsx file contains cumulative monthly values for evaporation and recharge into the aquifer This contains the data for all the catchments and entire simulated period An example of the file is illustrated below Subcatchment Year Month 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1991 1991 1991 1991 1991 1991 1991 1991 1991 1991 1991 f O 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 1 1569 1 0381 1 1419 1 0982 1 1281 1 0852 1 1149 1 108 1 066 1 0949 1 0533 1 0821 1 0763 0 9673 1 0658 1 0269 1 0559 1 0177 1 0467 1 0424 1 004 1 033 0 9949 54 5519 19 1689 27 8944 1 866 1 8352 0 0117 0 0071 0 0202 4 8537 36 2512 54 6288 53 9222 30 0574 29 8007 30 0377 15 5213 2 1266 0 0062 0 0057 0 0382 15 1126 51 2204 48 756 Recharge Evaporation Recharge Evaporation 53 395 18 1308
57. rom the centroid of the sub catchment to the most downstream point of the basin e BasinArea total area of all sub catchments located upstream of the current sub catchment e LinkArea area of the sub catchment e DrainDensity ratio between stream length within the sub catchment and its corresponding area e northern coordinate of the sub catchment centroid e X eastern coordinate of the sub catchment centroid and e Projection coordinate projection system used to define the centroid coordinates Important Downstream sub catchments must always have a lower index that those located upstream and the most downstream sub catchment must have index 1 3 3 Parameterisation NUM 90 Settings Soil settings can be accessed and modified in the CSV file soil csv in the soil folder This file consists of one header line with column names followed by one line per sub catchment where the parameters are set he required parameters are e Link corresponds to the sub catchment ID minimum soil depth mJ e Dmean average soil depth e Poroup top soil porosity e FieldCap top soil field capacity J PoroZNS deep soil porosity e DepthBR depth to bedrock e Psif bubbling pressure mm 5037 I P3 R3 FHINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 37 e Lambda soil index Hydrologic mode SpecYield specific yield and AlphaGW fracti
58. rting model results Prior to any post processing the model results generated by MODFLOW have to be imported into Groundwater Vistas Model results can be imported using the button 5 using the menu Plot gt Import Results A new dialog will appear and it is illustrated in the following figure 50371 P3 R3 HNAL Schlumberger Water Services DITIRIS NSW 27 Groundwater Mode m Read Data for This Time Penod Stens Pei Wem B hme MT3D Transport Time Step fi Browse umm 1 Import Head File D Namoi Gareth Namol71_Scenatio Browse i Drawdown File D Namoi Gareth Namot71_Scenario Browse E Concentration Fie D NN amor GarethNWN amor 71 Scenario Browse Cell by CellFlow NamorGareth Namor71_Scenario Browse v interpolate Targets amp Observation Data Plot Pressure Head v Contour Water Table in Layer 1 Contour Maximum Concentrations in Layer 1 and Row 1 in Section Heads are in double precision Drawdowns are in double precision Concentrations ate in double precision Cekbycell Flows are in double precision Cancel Type the numbers corresponding to the desired stress period and time step in the text boxes located in the box Read Data for This Time Period and press the OK button By default Groundwater Vistas will import hydraulic head results however drawdown and cell by cell flows can also be loaded marking the Import checkboxes next to the Drawdown File
59. ry abstraction and stress period set up These are described below 5037 1 P3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 21 Groundwater Model Layer surface inputs CSG inputs Groundwater Vista grid coordinates of the cells where only Hoskissons seam is observed GV points Hoskissons tab Groundwater Vista grid coordinates of the cells where only Melville seam is observed GV points Melville tab Groundwater Vista grid coordinates of the cells where only Maules Creek formation is observed GV points Maules tab Groundwater Vista grid coordinates of the cells where both Hoskissons and Melville seam are observed GV points Hoskissonsmelville tab Groundwater Vista grid coordinates of the cells where both Hoskissons seam and Maules Creek formation are observed GV points Hoskissonsmaules tab Groundwater Vista grid coordinates of the cells where both Melville seam and Maules Creek formation are observed GV points Maulesmelville tab Groundwater Vista export file of layer 12 Hoskissons seam thickness Elevations L12 tab Groundwater Vista export file of layer 14 Melville seam thickness Elevations L14 tab Groundwater Vista export file of layer 18 Maules Creek formation thickness Elevations 118 tab Groundwater Vista grid coordinates of the cells within the coal seam gas project area CSG Field Pts tab The yearly average field production or injection rates QC Inputs tab otress period inputs The mo
60. skissons underground mine Maules Creek open cut mine Maules Creek underground mine and Melville open cut In the 6 Scenarios there were no Melville underground mines user chooses in the list of mine drain cells a particular seam target and mine type and then and pastes the data mine numbers row and column coordinates to the appropriate tab The data relative to the different mine will then be assigned a stress period and head corresponding to the top elevation of the cells For an open cut mine all the mine drain cells are active from the first layer to the targeted seam layer since the beginning of the production For an underground mine six stages each of 5 years duration of production have been assumed The underground mine drain cells are only active in the targeted seam layer How to use the soreadsheet set the conductance values for the mine drain cells in the Conductance tab Set the start and end times of the mines in columns B to D in the SP tab Only the dates are required as the lookup functions determine the stress periods for use in the Groundwater Vistas input file Once these tasks are complete the final and most involved task is to define which mines will target which coal seams formation and the time variant development of the underground mines This is done by the following method an example of a Hoskissons seam open cut and underground mine is given but the process is identical for Melville Seam an
61. spreadsheets Two spreadsheets are used to compare the predicted groundwater levels from the historical model against the observed groundwater levels The first Namoi_Modflow_Calibration_General xlsb includes the public data that was used to assess the calibration in the Upper Namoi Alluvium The second Namoi Modflow Calibration Mines xlsb includes monitoring associated with mining projects Both are described in more detail below Namoi Modflow Calibration General x sb The target file Target Calibration General 08092011 csv must first be imported into Groundwater Vistas so that predicted groundwater levels through time can be exported at the correct locations from the model This process 15 described above To update the calibration hydrographs paste all of the Groundwater Vistas exported data including the header line into cell of the tab GWVOutput Then press F9 to recalculate and the graphs located in the other tabs will update Modflow Calibration Mines x sb The process is the same for the analysis of the model predictions against mine related groundwater levels The target data file is called Target Calibration mines 241011 5 The exported groundwater levels from these targets can be pasted into cell A2 of the tab GWVOutput Then press F9 to recalculate and the graphs located in the other tabs will update The hydrographs used in the calibration are found in red coloured tabs Narrabri Rocglen
62. ss the button 21 located next to It as presented in the following figure After selecting the current folder go to the Command Window in Matlab type lascam and press Enter This command starts the Matlab scripts that will translate the input files and call the LASCAM executable Charts and plots will be displayed showing the observation data as the simulation goes and once the run is finished another series of plots will be displayed MATLAB 7 110 Fin Edt Debug Paralel Dedtop Windom Hep A Xe lt s Jd a mov d rr connue tim 0120111127 z Somare 0 Part yatak Shouts pi Howto Add Whats New x Current Felder ET tammani Windas al z m x pog Ge OO hen to MATLAB Watch thi see Demos or read Getting fu 9 29 Select data to px Il J oe x fprintf h Store Post Processing im BurpurtBSTOREmonthlyAVERAGE runAvg fo lazca fprinrfi bEb Sror amp e Post Pra csssing Butputf sTOREmonthlyAWERAGE runikvg fo clear lasci fprintf DP Srtore Post Processing in nutpurbsTOREmonthlyAVERAGE rundAvg fo 177 O27202 80 PM clear Dam e S sles 50371 P3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services 000000000000 44 Hydrologic mode All the plots and spreadsheets gene
63. stress period at a time or if this boundary does not change throughout the simulation assigning one stress period and copying these settings to the remaining ones For editing one stress period at a time the stress period to be set can be accessed using the Stress Period text box located to the left tool bar Typing a number in the text box will lead to the corresponding stress period Settings from one stress period can be copied to another using the menu BCs gt Modify gt Copy Stress Period which opens the following dialog Stress Period Data p Boundary Data Stress Penod il oJ To a set of Stress Penods Starting with Cancel and ending with Stress Period fi Use Reach Numbers From 0 9980 The first textbox Copy Boundary Data from Stress Period sets the stress period which settings will be copied next two text boxes define the initial and final stress periods to which the settings will be copied he two text boxes in Use Reach Number From define which boundary condition reaches will be copied from one stress period to the others Complex definition of river boundary may be required at times especially when highly spatial and temporal variability is required Similar to constant heads described previously the river boundary conditions can be edited outside Groundwater Vistas and once finished can be imported into the model This was the method adopted for the Namoi model
64. t the bottom of the dialog Checking the option Launch Text Editor to View Report will automatically open the report once it is generated To generate report press the OK button located in the top right corner Targets can be defined manually in Groundwater Vistas using the outton or the menu AE gt Target Alternatively targets can be imported using the menu AE Import Target from Text File The format used for the targets is described in Groundwater Vistas documentation and consists basically of a CSV file containing the following e One initial head line with column identifiers e For each target o One line with the target information including name coordinates row column and layer indexes etc o line for every observation containing time observed value and weight irrelevant Dummy observation values can be used to generate the target hydrographs 5037 1 P3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 29 Groundwater Mode The following figure illustrates the format used by the target text files Name X Y Target Layer row column Weight Group Layer Min Type Layer Elevation NumTimes Zonell Layeri 794051 6 6625656 0 1 148 151 1 1 0 0 1 Head 447 418991 303 62 250 1 92 250 1 123 250 1 153 250 1 184 250 1 215 250 1 243 430 1 274 250 1 304 250 1 335 250 1 365 250 1 396 250 1 427 250 1 457 250 1 483 250 1 518 250 1 549 250 1 Calibration
65. thods described above Single river cell settings stage river bottom elevation and conductance can be modified in this way or entire reaches 2 10 4 Abstraction wells background The background abstractions irrigation public water supply etc have been simulated in the Groundwater Model as MNW wells The transient data has been compiled into a comma delimited file csv Each abstraction point has a header line followed by a rate m d for each of the 304 stress periods even if that rate 15 zero The following architecture 15 used e Well header line values assigned to columns not mentioned below are not used in the file import and are therefore not important o Column 1 Well name o Column 2 Well easting o Column 3 Well northing o Column 5 Top layer of well o Column 6 Bottom layer of well o Column 9 Well Rw value 5037 1 P3 B3 HINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 20 Groundwater Mode o Column 13 number of transient data points e Abstraction rate lines o Column 1 Starting stress period o Column 2 Ending stress period o Column 3 Rate o Column 4 Concentration default 0 Once the file is prepared it can be imported using the menu AE Import Well text file which opens the following dialog x Wells are n Site Coordinates File Contains Transient Wells Cancel V SetasaFractue Well or MNW Well Use FWL5 Package Set Monitonng Wel
66. traction volumes and river levels time steps are subdivisions of the stress periods implemented in order to facilitate numerical convergence and Increase the stability of the numerical solution stress periods can be added or deleted using the menu Model gt MODFLOW gt Package options number of stress periods can be modified in the text box Number of Stress Periods located below the Data Set Titles box MODFLOW Options E x IBS SUB Density 1 0 Formats Streams Wells MNW Package Wetlands Basic BCF LPF Output Control Initial Heads Recharge ET Resaturation CHDs Data Set Titles MODFLOW Data Set Created by Groundwater Vistas E e MM 4 Steady State Simulation Number of Stress Periods Use Stress Pernod Number 4 For Steady state Simulation Simulate a subset of stress periods from fi to 304 v Save Stating Heads HeadValuelorNoflowCels 999 Print Comments in Dataset Continue MODFLOW Simulation Even il Convergence Not Achieved Convert Dry Celle to No Flow Cells f Also Convert Cells in Steady Stale Use Diffusion Zones for BOUND Active Cells Days Time Units Meters Length Urits MODFLOW SURFACT DATUM 0 Write Input Files Formal Number of Significant Digits to Write 8 Modifications the number of stress periods using the MODFLOW Options will be observed in
67. yer Type LAYCON Layer type options available will depend on the selected flow package BCF or LPF Interblock conductance averaging options can be defined in the column BCF3 4 Averaging Averaging options can be individually assigned for each layer through the combo boxes Averaging options also depend on the selected flow package 2 5 2 Initial heads he initial heads can be assigned in three different ways e Using constant values for each layer e Assigning values manually in the property editing mode and e Importing simulated heads from a previous MODFLOW row 5037 1 P3 R3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 6 Groundwater Mode The three options can be found in the menu Model gt MODFLOW gt Package Options The Modflow Options appear and initial heads settings are found in the Initial Heads tab as illustrated in the next figure The way initial heads are defined is chosen in the Initial Head Location combo box Selecting the option Use Default Heads in Spreadsheet Below allows the use of one initial value per layer defined in the table Default heads in Each Layer located at the bottom of the dialog The option Set Heads from Head save BASIC SURFER matrix allows the use of previously simulated heads from another model This option is useful for instance when hydraulic heads from the historical model need to be used as initial heads for the predictive runs and this is the way it is done in the Namoi mode
68. yr to match with the recharge assigned to the calibrated and accepted Upper Namoi groundwater model McNeilage 2006 The factoring process was completed in Excel with the steps as follows 5037 1 P3 h3 FINAL Schlumberger Water Services DTIRIS NSW 14 Groundwater Mode 1 Remove any negative recharge values and replace them with a zero value 2 Convert all of the recharge depths to a volume per month by multiplying by the sub catchment area and the number of days in the month 3 eum all of the sub catchment volumetric recharges for each year and divide the total by the total area of the Hydrologic Model then 365 to get an average recharge depth per year in mm yr 4 Calculate the average annual recharge over the years calculated 1990 2009 5 Repeat steps 2 to 4 using a multiplication factor on the initial recharge depths until the average annual recharge equals 20 mm yr In the current model this required a factoring value of x 0 225 6 Output these new recharge values for use the historical MODFLOW model Recharge calculations for the scenario and sensitivity models were factored by this same value so that any changes to recharge would only be from changes to model inputs Average recharge was therefore allowed to become higher or lower than 20 mm yr depending on the scenario being run Three zones showed anomalous recharge values in the LASCAM files and these were given fixed recharge values of 20 mm yr Zones 48 and 52 and

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