Gill Aviation Standard WindObserver Anemometer User Manual
Contents
1. H2 command selects heater fault codes 62 63 64 and 65 H3 command selects heater fault codes 66 67 68 and 69 Jx Not applicable Kx NMEA Settings Setting Configuration code NMEA string IIMWV K1 NMEA string WIMWV K2 Lx ASCII Message Terminator Setting Configuration code CR LF L1 LF L2 Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 32 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd Mx to Mxx Message Format Output format Configuration code ASCII UV Continuous M1 ASCII Polar Continuous M2 ASCII UV Polled tri state M3 ASCII Polar Polled tri state M4 NMEA Continuous M5 Tf units are to be networked they MUST be given unique Unit Identifiers Nx Node Address Item Options Command Node Address A A to Z N lt A gt If used in a multi drop system then it is recommended that ID s A to F and K M N and P are not used as these characters can be present in the data string Ox ASCII Output Format Output String Padding Setting Configuration code Comma Separated Variable CSV 01 Fixed Field 02 Example data strings POLAR NMEA CSV data changing to error status code condition CSV data changing to error status code condition A 22. Cx Not applicable Dx Diagnostic and Configuration Command see also Section 10 6 Each of these commands causes a response from the Aviation Standard WindObserver Item PR Typical response Type and serial No D1 F9010001 Software version DQ 5 00 Current configuration Unit configuration D3 AO B3 C1 El F1 G0000 H1 J1 K1 L1 M2 NA O1 P1 T1 Ul VI X1 Y1 Z1 PR a D4 No analogue fitted Anemometer power supply D5 29 8 voltage Integrity check D See Para 10 6 Bench Tests Aviation Standard WindObserver Doc No 1390 PS 0019 Page 31 Issue 1 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd Ex Full Duplex Half Duplex Mode Setting Configuration code Full duplex E1 Half duplex E2 Note Refer also to Para 8 3 Networking Configuration details Fx Data and Parity Options Setting Configuration code 8 bits no parity 1 stop bit F1 8 bits even parity 1 stop bit F2 8 bits odd parity 1 stop bit F3 Gx to Gxxxx Averaging Digital Outputs only Setting Configuration code Averaging Default G0000 Enter the required averaging period in seconds as a four figure number between 0000 and 3600 Hx Heating Heating is autonomous and requires no set up once activated Setting Configuration code Disabled H1 Activated H2 Activated H3
3. complete interface details Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 28 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd 9 CONFIGURING WindCom may be used to configure Aviation Standard WindObserver This is an easy to use menu driven package available as a free download at www gill co uk Alternatively you may use terminal emulator software such as HyperTerminal or Terminal This section describes the commands used to change settings when using terminal emulator software For a fuller description of the settings and options see Section 8 Message Formats amp Options Keystrokes are shown thus Type D 3 and press ENTER 9 1 Entering Configuration mode From Continuous mode From Polled mode Type Type N where N is the Unit Identifier Note the Unit Identifier must be entered as upper case The Aviation Standard WindObserver responds with a CONFIGURATION MODE message stops reporting wind measurements and waits for a command as detailed below 9 2 Returning to Measurement mode Type Q and press ENTER If in Continuous mode the anemometer responds with wind measurements immediately continuing at the selected Sampling rate If in Polled mode Enables poll N Polls anemometer where N is the Unit identifier entered as upper case The anemometer replies with a single set of wind measurements amp Anemometer replies with U
4. V Velocity T Transit time of Ultrasound T Transit time of Ultrasound Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 41 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd 11 4 Electrical Conformity EC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY ACCORDING TO COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 89 336 EEC INSTRUMENTS We Gill Instruments Ltd declare our sole responsibility that the products Aviation Standard WindObserver Ultrasonic Anemometer Manufactured by Gill Instruments Ltd Saltmarsh Park 67 Gosport Street Lymington S041 9EG to which this declaration relates are in conformity with the protection requirements of Council Directive 89 336 EEC on the approximation of the laws relating to electromagnetic compatibility This Declaration of Conformity is based upon compliance of the product with the following harmonized standards EN60945 2002 EN61326 2006 Emissions Using EN60945 and EN55011 Immunity Using EN61000 4 2 to EN61000 4 5 EN 61000 4 6 Excluding 150khz to 200khz Conducted Immunity EN 61000 4 11 AC Stabs Signed by A C R Stickland Director Date of issue 20 03 2009 Place of issue Gill Instruments Ltd Saltmarsh Park 67 Gosport Street Lymington S041 9EG Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 42 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009
5. Power supplies Aviation Standard WindObserver units Sensor Supply Voltage 20v to 30v DC Current 60mA max 50mA average e The Aviation Standard WindObserver has reverse polarity protection Aviation Standard WindObserver Heating Heater Supply Voltage 24V 15 AC RMS or 24V DC 10 Current allow for 7A The AC Supply must be isolated from Mains Supply The heating module requires a separate power supply e Heater Cable length should be minimised to avoid cable volt drops and ensure maximum voltage received at the Anemometer e All three heater pair cables must be used connect yellow brown and orange wires to heater positive and their respective black wires to heater negative e The heating H command is not enabled as a default condition If heating is required enabled then the H command must be set for H2 or H3 The Aviation Standard WindObserver has reverse polarity protection WARNING NOTE When heating is activated the bullet and transducer arms will get very hot and should not be handled Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 16 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd 6 7 Mechanical installation Do NOT remove the black rubber transducer caps Warranty is void if the Green security seal is damaged or removed Take care not to knock the four Transducer arms Before installing a bench system test is recommended All the time the Aviation Standard WindObserver is
6. IP66 or better fitted with glands to prevent moisture ingress The cable type from the terminal box to the host system must be as specified above If any cable is likely to be exposed to mechanical damage it must be enclosed in a suitable conduit or cable tray The cable must be securely fixed with cable clamps or equivalent such that the cable is not under stress at the Aviation WindObserver cable gland or terminal box glands The gland area at the base of the Aviation Standard WindObserver should not be directly exposed to moisture as whilst the gland is sealed when mated the anemometer is vented to air at the base to avoid pressure build up If an IP66 rating is essential or the unit is mounted other than right way up use the gasket provided in the mounting kit Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 9 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd 6 4 Connections Important Any cores not used should be isolated Do NOT connect the unit s 0V heating ve or digital OV to the screen or earth The screens of each pair are joined together inside the anemometer these should be joined to the cable screen s of any further cable run Avoid long grounding loops Digital OV should be used in conjunction with RS422 TX RX lines in order to improve noise immunity Each pair in the cable is labelled with its pair number Table 2 Conductor colour Designation Pair 1 green RS422 TXB black RS422 TX
7. be given a unique Unit Identifier Letters A to Z and set to a polled tri state mode UV or Polar M3 or M4 In these modes the communications transmit line is tri state unless the anemometer is responding to a command If used in a multi drop system then it is recommended that Unit Identifiers A B C D E F K M N and P are not used Configuring Aviation Standard WindObserver for Half Duplex Operation 1 Set up Two Terminals One for RS485 Half Duplex and the other for RS422 Full Duplex a 2 wire HYPER TERMINAL RS485 I F A Half D cr USB A i I I I I I I HYPER TERMINAL RS422 I F l Full D USB b 4 wire One PC with two USB ports can be used for both Terminals although two may be less confusing Note Power must not be disconnected from the anemometer throughout this procedure 2 3 4 5 6 Assuming the unit is set for Full Duplex connect 9 way at b disconnect 9 way at a Set Switch to position b 4 wire On Terminal B enter CONFIGURATION MODE Set Half Duplex E2 The CONFIRM gt prompt will appear Disconnect 9 way b and connect 9 way a Set Switch to position a 2 wire On Terminal A type E lt ENTER gt to confirm The unit should now be configured in Half Duplex mode Configuring Aviation Standard WindObserver for Full Duplex Operation 1 Assuming the unit is se
8. not in its final location it should be protected from damage by keeping it in the original packaging as long as possible treating it as a delicate instrument When installing the unit handle with lint free gloves and degrease the unit to reduce the build up of deposits Location It is important to ensure that the Aviation Standard WindObserver is mounted in a position clear of any structure which may obstruct the airflow or induce turbulence Do NOT mount the Aviation Standard WindObserver in close proximity of high powered radar or radio transmitters A site survey may be required if there is any doubt about the strength of external electrical noise See Section 6 1 Orientation Normally the Aviation Standard WindObserver is mounted vertically with the cable exit at the bottom Alternatively the unit may be mounted in any orientation but note that if the unit is mounted with the cable uppermost the gasket provided in the mounting kit must be used Mounting bracket A suggested mounting bracket is shown in Fig 1 It is recommended that the Aviation Standard WindObserver mounting bracket be manufactured from stainless steel 316 to prevent possible galvanic corrosion It is also recommended that the supplied gasket be always fitted to ensure IP66 rating and to prevent galvanic corrosion if the mounting bracket is not manufactured from stainless steel 316 Stainless steel 316 fixings must be used Aviation Standard WindO
9. 0 01m s Supplied as part of standard message 0 01 m s None 20 30 V DC 50mA average reverse voltage protected Allow for 7A 24v AC rms 15 or 24v DC 10 RS422 full duplex network facility 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 8 data odd even or no parity 381mm x 213mm 1 4kg no cable Stainless Steel 316 IP66 NEMA4X 55 C to 70 C heating on 0 to 100 RH 300mm hr EN 61326 1 2006 EN 55011 2007 MIL STD 810F Method 521 1 Procedure 1 Traceable to UK national standards None required See Section 10 6 Zero Wind Check When heating is activated the bullet and transducer arms will get very hot and should not be handled Aviation Standard WindObserver Doc No 1390 PS 0019 Issue 1 April 2009 Page 6 Gill Instruments Ltd 5 PRE INSTALLATION 5 1 Equipment supplied Aviation Standard WindObserver RS422 output and de icing and Installation kit comprising a gasket and four Stainless Steel screws and Aviation Standard WindObserver User Manual this manual and Integrity Check Chamber ICC Optional 5 2 Installation requirements Host system One of the following gt PC with an internal or external interface compatible with the RS422 output from the Aviation Standard WindObserver gt Gill WindDisplay gt Other equipment with I O compatibility to the WindObserver Aviation Standard For example if the unit has Digital outputs a Data Logger Chart Recorder or PC
10. 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd Figure 2b Aviation Standard WindObserver outline dimensions 212 5mm 212 5mm Scale 1 4 10 metre cable with 100mm long tails WindObserver Overall Dimensions Issue I Page 20 April 2009 Aviation Standard WindObserver Doc No 1390 PS 0019 Gill Instruments Ltd 7 USING WITH THE GILL WINDDISPLAY The Aviation Standard WindObserver is designed to interface with the Gill WindDisplay unit to provide a complete wind speed and direction system To interface to anon NMEA WindDisplay the WindObserver is set for Polar M2 and 9600 B3 configuration settings When coupled to a WindDisplay the Aviation WindObserver can be used as supplied however if a fault occurs the WindDisplay may lock into the last valid reading Re configuring the Aviation WindObserver to Fixed Field output O2 will ensure that any fault is flagged on the WindDisplay After coupling to a WindDisplay the Wind Speed units and the Averaging period can be selected using the WindDisplay controls See the WindDisplay User Manual Note that although the WindDisplay can display wind speed in various units these are calculated within the WindDisplay The data coming to the WindDisplay must be in metres sec the factory default output setting Figure 3 WindDisplay GILL INSTRUMENTS NOTE If the WindDisplay is configured for NMEA mode then the Aviation Standard WindObserver must also be configured for
11. 19 Page 36 Issue 1 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd 10 6 Bench test Couple the Aviation Standard WindObserver to the host system and power supply using a known working test cable Check that the unit is correctly configured by going into Configuration mode and using D3 See Section 9 3 Checking the Configuration Check for normal output data and that the Status Code is OK 00 60 66 or A for NMEA format If the status code is other than these refer to Section 10 5 Status error codes Use an office fan or similar to check that the unit is sensing wind turning the unit to simulate changing wind direction and to check that both axes are functioning Note that this is a quick functional test There are no calibration adjustments the unit is designed NOT to require re calibration within its lifetime Gill has provided and Integrity Check see next page for details Integrity Check Chamber ICC The IC is designed to 1 Identify any gross changes in the head geometry that would affect the performance 2 Provide a zero wind environment to confirm the WindObserver zero calibration The ICC has been designed to be used in an indoor still air environment with an ambient temperature between 17 C and 23 C When conducting the test it is important that the ICC is assembled on to the WindObserver head and not touched or moved during the test This test is only valid if undertaken with an ICC purchased from Gill N
12. 35 000 77 M 60 OA SIIMWV 191 R 000 55 M A 19 A M 04 24 UMWV R M V 29 Fixed Field data changing to error status code condition Fixed Field data changing to error status code condition A 266 000 73 M 60 08 SUMWV 191 R 000 55 M A 19 A 999 999 99 M 04 0A SIIMW V 999 R 999 99 M V 07 Px Output Rate Outputs per second 1 Configuration code P1 P3 P2 Q Measurement Mode See Section 9 2 Aviation Standard WindObserver Doc No 1390 PS 0019 Page 33 Issue 1 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd Tx Not Applicable Ux Digital Output Units Units metres sec knots miles hour kilometre hour feet minute m s knots MPH kph fpm Configuration U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 code Vx Vertical Output Padding Setting Configuration code Disable vertical output padding Mi Enable vertical output padding v2 Xx 45 Alignment Offset Inverted Operation Setting Configuration Notes code Align U axis with XA X1 Aligns U axis with North South axis transducer axis Align U axis 45 XD X2 This re aligns both U amp V and polarity 45 to to transducer axis transducer axis Reverses Polar X3 reverses reported polar direction to allow the Directi
13. A Pair 2 white RS422 RXB black RS422 RXA Pair 3 red Supply V black Supply V Pair 4 blue Digital Ov black Not used isolate Pair 5 yellow Heater black Heater Pair 6 brown Heater black Heater Pair 7 orange Heater black Heater Pair 8 white Not used isolate red Not used isolate Pair 9 green Not used isolate red Not used isolate Screens Chassis ground Earthing or grounding To ensure correct operation and for maximum protection against lightning the anemometer MUST be correctly earthed grounded via its mountings Inadequate Earthing will degrade anemometer performance particularly in the presence of radio frequency interference See Fig 1 Suggested mounting bracket and Earthing grounding arrangements The unit MUST be connected to an appropriate grounding point with a minimum of 6mm copper wire via the MS base screws The cable screens must be joined with any cable screen continuing from the unit s cable via a junction box The primary earth for the anemometer must be provided via the base screws and not via the cable screens Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 10 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd Default Settings The factory default settings are A0 B3 Cl El F1 G0000 H1 J1 K1 LI M2 NA O1 P1 T1 U1 VI X1 Y1 ZI Note that the Heating H Command is not enabled as a default condition If heating is required then the H command must be set
14. Aviation Standard WindObserver 9 Pair PCI 15 Way D Type Cable Connector Signal names Cable Pair Colour Pin Nos Signal Names TXB Pair Green 2 RXB TXAC Pair 1 Black 9 RXA RXB Pair 2 White 3 TXB RXA Pair 2 Black 10 TXA Signal Ground Digital 0v Pair 4 Blue _4 POWER V Pair 3 Red 5 POWER V POWER 0V Pair 3 Black 11 POWER 0V To Connect the PCI RS232 Output 9 Pin D Type connector to a PC RS232 9 way port to communicate with the sensor connect as follows PCI RS232 Output PC RS232 Input Pin 2 Rx OO Pin 2 Pin 3 Tx Ir Pin 3 Pin 5 Gnd Pin 5 Environmental PCI Electrical Power Requirements 1 100Vac 120Vac 10VA for the 115V switch position 2 200 Vac 250Vac 10VA for the 230V switch position 3 20 30Vdc 120mA max anemometer 8 15Vdc 50mA max interface 3 Fuses protect the unit 1 Externally accessible 315mA T for 115 230v operation 2 Internally accessible 500mA T AUX 3 Internally accessible 500mA T ANEM Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 13 Issue I Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd PCI Connector Pin and Cable assignments Anemometer connector 15 way Pin Designation Chassis RS422 RXB RS422_ TXB Digital OV Signal ground Supply V Analogue output V1 Not used Analogue output V2 RS422_ RXA R
15. INSTRUMENTS Aviation Standard WindObserver with Enhanced Heating Ultrasonic Anemometer User Manual Doc No 1390 PS 0019 Issue 1 APPLIES TO UNITS WITH PART NUMBER 1390 PK 079 Gill Instruments Limited Saltmarsh Park 67 Gosport Street Lymington Hampshire S041 9EG UK Tel 44 0 1590 613500 Fax 44 0 1590 613501 E mail anem gill co uk Website www gill co uk Gill Instruments Ltd Aviation Standard WindObserver Anemometer Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 2 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd Contents Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 3 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 4 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd 1 FORWARD Thank you for purchasing the Aviation Standard WindObserver with Enhanced Heating manufactured by Gill Instruments Ltd The unit has no customer serviceable parts and requires no calibration or maintenance To achieve optimum performance we recommend that you read the whole of this manual before proceeding with use Do NOT remove black rubber transducer caps Gill products are in continuous development and therefore specifications may be subject to change and design improvements without prior notice The information contained in this manual remains the property of Gill Instruments and should not be copied or reproduced for
16. NMEA mode and 4800 baud operation configuration settings M5 and B2 Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 21 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd Connecting to a Gill WindDisplay Refer to the WindDisplay User Manual for the method of operation Aviation Sed WindObserver WindDisplay 9 pair cable Pair Cable 2 or 3 Signal Terminal Signal names Colour f no twisted pairs names nos TXA black TXD RS422 CONNECTED INTERNALLY EE and Ground Earth drain wires Sensor Supply Supp ha 3 black 20 to 30v de 2 ac on o Supply N See Section 6 6 Heater Yellow Brown 5 amp Orange Heater power 6 amp supply 7 Black Black See Section 6 6 Heater Black Notes Heater Pair wires Yellow Brown and Orange should be connected in Parallel as to should the return 3 Black wires Heating H command is enabled as a default condition If heating is required enabled then the H command must be set for H2 or H3 See Section 9 Configuring for further details Aviation Standard WindObserver Doc No 1390 PS 0019 Page 22 Issue 1 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd 8 MESSAGE FORMATS amp OPTIONS On first applying power to the Aviation Standard WindObserver it will be in Measurement Mode and it will output wind measurement information in one of eight formats as described below S
17. S422_TXA Supply V O AON NHN MN BW NK a St N Analogue output V4 Analogue 0V Not used Analogue output V3 aA BO Auxiliary Analogue Outputs 9 way Pin Designation 1 Earth 2 Analogue Ground I 3 Analogue Ground 2 4 Analogue Ground 3 5 Analogue Ground 4 6 Analogue Output 1 direct connection to Anemometer Connector Pin 6 7 Analogue Output 2 direct connection to Anemometer Connector Pin 8 8 Analogue Output 3 direct connection to Anemometer Connector Pin 15 9 Analogue Output 4 direct connection to Anemometer Connector Pin 12 DC Supply 4 way Pin Designation 1 Interface V 2 Interface V 3 Anemometer V 4 Anemometer V Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 14 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd RS 232 Output 9 way Pin Designation 1 DCD 2 RX data 3 TX data 4 DTR 5 Signal Ground 6 DSR 7 RTS 8 CTS 9 RI RS422 Network In 9 way Skt Pin Designation 1 Not connected 2 Not connected 3 Not connected 4 RS422 RXA 5 Signal ground 6 RS422_TXA 7 RS422 TXB 8 RS422 RXB 9 Chassis RS422 Network Out 9 way Plg Pin Designation 1 Not connected 2 Not connected 3 Not connected 4 RS422 RXA 5 Signal ground 6 RS422_TXA 7 RS422 TXB 8 RS422 RXB 9 Chassis Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 15 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd 6 6
18. amples message If this occurs please contact Gill Instruments Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 38 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd 11 APPENDICES 11 1 Glossary amp Abbreviations Item CAL CR CRLF CSV ENG ESC ETX FAC fpm GND HEX 1 P IP66 KPH LF m s MAG MAX MPH NEMA NMEA 0183 version 3 No Meaning Calibration Carriage Return Carriage Return Line Feed Comma Separated Variable Engineering ESCape key on keyboard used to stop any process that is being executed End of string character Factory Feet per minute GrouND HEXadecimal InPut Protection Classification Kilometres per Hour Line Feed Metres per second MAGnitude scalar reference to wind speed MAXimum Miles per Hour National Electrical Manufacturers Association National Marine Electronics Association standard for interfacing marine electronic navigational devices Number NVM Non Volatile Memory O P Output PC IBM compatible Personal Computer PCB Printed Circuit Board POR Power On Reset PROCOMM Terminal emulator software package ROM Read Only Memory RS232 Communications standard Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 39 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd Item Meaning RS422 Communications standard RS485 Communications standard RTS Request To Send RX Receive RXD Received Data S W SoftWare SOS Speed Of Sound SEC SECond STX St
19. art of string character TERM TERMinal TX Transmit TXD Transmitted Data VE Positive VE Negative WindCom Gill software used to configure Aviation Standard WindObserver WRT With Respect To 11 2 Guarantee For terms of guarantee contact your supplier Warranty is void if the green security seal covering base nuts is damaged or broken or the transducer caps have been damaged Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 40 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 Issue I April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd 11 3 Principle of operation The Aviation Standard WindObserver measures the times taken for an ultrasonic pulse of sound to travel from the North transducer to the South transducer and compares it with the time for a pulse to travel from S to N transducer Likewise times are compared between West and East and E and W transducer If for example a North wind is blowing then the time taken for the pulse to travel from N to S will be faster than from S to N whereas the W to E and E to W times will be the same The wind speed and direction and the speed of sound can then be calculated from the differences in the times of flight on each axis This calculation is independent of factors such as temperature BASIC TIME OF FLIGHT THEORY L T Ta TRANSDUCER TRANSDUCER Co CONTROL SYSTEM L Iz C V And T e C V Therefore 1 Llai 4 dn T c KT L Distance between transducer faces C Speed of Sound
20. ay be configured using WindCom software which is available free of charge from the Gill website or by using standard communications software on a PC This is explained in Section 9 Configuring 3 FAST TRACK SET UP If you are in a hurry to try out the Aviation Standard WindObserver are familiar with Gill equipment and coupling to a PC using RS422 go to the following sections Section 6 Installation Section 8 Message Formats amp Options Section 9 Configuring After you have successfully set up the Aviation Standard WindObserver we strongly advise that you then go back and read the rest of the manual to ensure that you get the best results from the Aviation Standard WindObserver Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 5 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd 4 SPECIFICATION Measurement Output Parameters Units Averaging Wind Speed Range Accuracy Resolution Offset Direction Range Accuracy Resolution Anemometer Status Starting Threshold Dead Band Wind Direction Power Requirement Anemometer only Heating Optional Digital Output Communication Baud rates Formats Dimensions Size Weight Materials External Construction Environmental Moisture protection Operating temperature Humidity Precipitation EMC Icing Standards Site Calibration WARNING NOTE 1 2 4 Hz UV Polar NMEA m s Knots MPH KPH ft min Flexible 1 3600 seconds 0 75m s 2 12m s 0 01m s
21. bserver Page 17 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd Figure 1 Suggested mounting bracket and Earthing grounding arrangements a N z ola gt alg ei Ss BIH Els Suggested Earth Connection 2 a E Crimp Terminals Washers 6mm Wire Recommend gt 3mm wall thickness SA to drill and tap Use Stainless Steel bolts and washers If pole is not of similar material protect connection with grease or paint etc to prevent Optional strengthening web corrosion or strut to stiffen strucuture Note Similar earthing arrangements must be provided at the base of the pipe to ensure the Anemometer is correctly earthed i 1 dia or similar pipe size Customer Supply Scale 1 2 4x holes or slots to 28mm dia hole to accept M5 screws clear cable gland Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 18 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd Alignment The anemometer should be set to point North or to another known reference direction using the North Spar which can be identified from red dot alignment indicator on the base of the instrument See Figure 2a Figure 2a North marker and UV polarity definition UV format and Mounting Ring Gaskel 4 Holes 95 5 Material St Steel 316 PEEN E ce Min Thickness 3 0mm Red Dot Scale 1 4 Mounting Ring Scale 1 1 Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 19 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS
22. carried out to confirm the system is configured correctly is fully functional and electrically compatible with the selected host system and cabling preferably utilising the final cable length The required data format units output rate and other options should also all be configured at this stage If an Integrity Check Chamber ICC has been purchased refer to Section 10 6 6 3 Cabling Cable type A RS422 compatible cable should be used with the number of twisted pairs matching the application Generic description Twisted pairs with drain wire screened with aluminised tape with an overall PVC sheath Wire size 7 0 2mm 22 or 24 AWG The table shows some suitable manufacturers references other manufacture s equivalents can be used Table 1 No of pairs Gill ref Belden Batt electronics ref ref 2 9729 91071 3 026 02660 9730 91030 4 026 03 156 9728 91199 6 8778 91011 9 026 02663 8774 91009 Cable length The typical maximum length at 9600 baud is 1km 3200ft using the recommended cable If any problems of data corruption are experienced due to for example a high local electrical noise level then a lower baud rate should be used Alternatively a thicker or higher specification cable can be tried Cabling and junction box The Aviation Standard WindObserver unit is fitted with a flying 9 pair cable attached This must be terminated in a suitable terminal box to
23. commercial gain 2 INTRODUCTION The Gill Aviation Standard WindObserver has been accepted for service by both the Federal Aviation Administration USA and the Civil Aviation Authority UK for the observation and reporting of surface wind The Aviation Standard WindObserver meets the requirements of Annex 3 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation Organisation ICAO when supplied as part of an Automatic Weather Observing System AWOS The Aviation Standard WindObserver wind sensor is a very robust lightweight unit with no moving parts outputting wind speed and direction The units of wind speed output rate and formats are all user selectable The Aviation Standard WindObserver is available with enhanced de icing heating recommended if severe icing is likely The Aviation Standard WindObserver can be used in conjunction with a PC data logger or other device provided it is compatible with the RS422 output Multiple units can be networked if required Alternatively the Aviation Standard WindObserver is designed to connect directly to the Gill WindDisplay unit to provide a complete wind speed direction system without any configuration required by the user The output message format can be configured in Polar UV 2 axis NMEA 0183 Version 3 Tunnel formats and as either a Continuous output or Polled requested by host system detailed in full in Section 8 Message Formats amp Options Aviation Standard WindObserver m
24. e activated Upon unit switch on if heating is enabled and heater power available then a 1 minute burst of heating will occur to give confidence that the heating is functioning WARNING NOTE When heating is activated the bullet and transducer arms will get very hot and should not be handled 8 8 45 Offset If required the U axis can be offset 45 to the transducer axis 8 9 Vertical Output Padding A dummy W vector is inserted to provide compatibility with any WindMaster that may be in a network Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 25 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd 8 10 ASCII message format UV and Polar ASCII UV format lt STX gt A 000 04 000 02 M 00 lt ETX gt 25 Start of Unit U Axis Wind V Axis Units Status End Check String Identification Speed Wind of Sum Speed String Where U axis wind speed In increments of 0 01 units UUU UU V axis wind speed In increments of 0 01 units EVVV VV Value Units Units M Metres per second m s N Knots knots P Miles per hour MPH K Kilometres per hour kph F Feet per minute fpm Start of string ASCII value 2 Unit identification Letter A Z default A Status Value Status 0 OK 60 or 66 Heating enabled and OK if enabled Any other value Warning or fault condition see Section 10 5 End of string ASCII value 3 Check sum Exclusive OR of all characters between Start of String and End of String reported a
25. etting the output format units other parameters options and the communication settings are all carried out in the alternative Configuration Mode See Section 9 CONFIGURING for details of how this is done The factory default settings are shown here in bold and for convenience some Configuration codes as used to set the configuration are shown in blue boxes For example M3 8 1 Wind Speed format The wind speed measurements can be output in one of the following formats UV Polar or NMEA 8 2 Output formats The UV and Polar wind speed parameters are output in ASCII These parameters can be transmitted continuously or polled from the user Polar is also available in continuous NMEA format Output Formats Table Output format Output Tri state o p Configuration code ASCI UV Continuous No M1 Polled Yes M3 Conti N M2 ASCII Polar ve ect Polled Yes M4 NMEA Continuous No M5 Low wind speeds Whilst the wind speed is below 0 05 metres sec the wind direction will not be calculated in CSV mode no wind direction figure is shown in Fixed Field mode the last known good direction figure is shown All other output parameters will continue to update at the output rate Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 23 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd 8 3 Networking Gill Proprietary Network Each anemometer connected to the network MUST
26. f the new setting required followed by ENTER If successful the new setting will be echoed back as a message by the Aviation Standard WindObserver For example to change the message format to NMEA enter Type M5 and press ENTER The Aviation Standard WindObserver will reply with MS When the unit is returned to the Measurement mode Type Q and press ENTER it will be in NMEA format Note The factory set default settings are shown in bold in the following sections 9 5 Configuration Settings Ax Not Applicable Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 30 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd BX Baud Rate Setting Configuration code 2400 B1 4800 B2 2600 B3j 19200 B4 38400 B5 1200 B6 300 B7 To change the Baud rate when using HyperTerminal Eg If set to B3 9600 baud and it is required to set to Baud rate to B2 4800 baud Type to enter Configuration Mode Type B 2 and press ENTER Do not type any further commands at this stage Close the 9600 Baud HyperTerminal connection Open HyperTerminal and set the new connection Baud Rate to 4800 baud Type B and press ENTER the letter B will be shown followed by Capitol B2 Type Q and press ENTER data will scroll at the new baud rate
27. for H2 See Section 9 Configuring for further details Connecting to a PC with a RS422 or RS485 input The PC requires either an internal RS422 interface card or an external RS422 485 to RS232 converter which will plug into the standard 9 way or 25 way RS232 serial port of the PC or host equipment High Speed WindObserver PC with RS422 or 9 pair cable RS485 input Pair Cable 6 or 9 Signal names Colour twisted pairs Signal names TXB i green E 4 RXB TXA black RXA RXB gt white lt 7 TXB RXA black TXA Digital 0V 4 blue Signal Ground S d CONNECTED INTERNALLY gt oma Ground Earth drain wires DC Power a he Eo SN Supply V black 20 30V See Section 6 6 Yellow Brown Heater 5 amp 6 Orange Heater Power amp 7 Supply Black See Section 6 6 Heater 7 Black Black Note Heater Pair wires Yellow Brown and Orange should be connected in Parallel as too should the return 3 Black wires Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 11 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd Networking units Before coupling units into a network gt Each device must be configured with a unique Unit Identifier letter A to Z however in multi drop systems it could be advised to avoid using letters A F K M N and P as they could appear in the data string gt Unit
28. gt Networking Multiple Aviation Standard WindObserver units can be networked Software One of the following gt WindCom A user friendly package providing easy configuring of the Aviation Standard WindObserver for use on PCs running under Windows 98 2000 or XP Available to customers as a free download from jwww gill co uk gt HyperTerminal for Windows 9x and later or Terminal Windows 3 n normally already installed on a PC gt Other Terminal Emulation software packages Cable and Junction box To connect between the Aviation Standard WindObserver and the host system The unit is supplied with a flying cable requiring a mast mounted junction box not provided for onward connection The flying cable must be retained with a cable tie within 150mm of the base of the anemometer Mounting Bracket A mounting bracket is required not provided which will attach to the Aviation Standard WindObserver via the four tapped holes in the base of the unit Always ensure that the gasket supplied is fitted to the base of the anemometer It is important that the gasket supplied forms a watertight seal on the base of the anemometer In the event that the mounting bracket supplied by the customer is not flat or does not form complete support for the anemometer base the customer must fit a mounting ring as shown in Figure 2 Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 7 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instrumen
29. ity seal will void the warranty and the calibration In the event of failure prior to returning the unit to your authorised Gill distributor it is recommended that gt All cables and connectors are checked for continuity bad contacts corrosion etc gt A bench test is carried out as described in Section 10 6 gt Contact your supplier for advice if failure persists 10 3 Fault finding Symptom Solution Check DC power to Aviation Standard WindObserver cable and connections Check comms settings of Aviation Standard WindObserver as detailed in Section 9 and host system match including correct Com port No output ae upu Check unit is in Continuous mode Check that in line communication devices are wired correctly NOTE It is usual for Anemometer TX to be connected to converter device RX Check comms settings of Aviation Standard WindObserver and host system match Corrupted output Try a slower baud rate Check cable lengths and type of cable One way Check wiring is in accordance with the manual communication Failed Incorrect Check that transducer path is not blocked output data invalid flag Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 35 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd 10 4 Returning units If the unit has to be returned it should be carefully packed in the original packaging and returned to your authorised Gill distributor with a full de
30. must be set for half duplex mode E2 setting see Para 8 3 gt It must be configured to a tri state polled mode M3 or MA See also Section 9 Configuring Aviation Standard WindObserver 9 Pair Cable Signal Names Pair Colour no TXB l Green RXB 2 White TXA 1 Black RXA 2 Black Digital Ov 4 Blue CONNECTED INTERNALLY Supply V 3 Black Yellow Brown Orange Black Black Black Heater Supply V 3 Red I Heater NN NAM NA UU To Next Unit Notes PC with RS485 card Signal Names T RXB T RXA Signal Ground Ground Earth DC Power Supply 20 30v See Section 6 6 Heater Power Supply See Section 6 6 Heater Pair wires Yellow Brown and Orange should be connected in Parallel as too should the return 3 Black wires Each unit in the network will require its own power supplies Please refer to section 8 3 Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 12 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 Issue I April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd 6 5 Indoor Power and Communications Interface Part 1189 PK 021 The desktop PCI is intended for use in a protected environment and provides interfacing and power to a single anemometer Note a separate supply is required for heating The PCI is not intended for outdoor use Connecting to a PCI Unit with RS422 input
31. nit identifier Disables poll Note If the unit is in Polled Mode it is always best to interrogate the unit for data with a before the poll identifier to cater for the event that the power has been switched off or power interrupted If used in a multi drop system then it is recommended that Unit Identifiers A B C D E F K M N and P are not used Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 29 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd 9 3 Checking the configuration We strongly recommend that as a standard procedure you use this command D3 prior to and after changing any settings It shows the current settings for all the alterable settings We suggest you note down your settings so that you can easily return to them Type Enters Configuration Mode from Continuous mode Or Type N Enters Configuration Mode from Polled mode Type D3 and press ENTER The Aviation Standard WindObserver responds with the current settings The factory default settings for a heated unit are A0 B3 Cl El F1 G0000 H1 J1 K1 LI M2 NA O1 P1 T1 UI V1 X1 Y1 Zi How to change these settings is explained in the following sections To return to Measurement mode Type Q and press ENTER 9 4 Changing settings To change a setting first go into Configuration mode and then refer to the sections below Enter the Configuration code o
32. oid likely lines of sight gt Ensure the product is correctly earthed in accordance with this manual gt Use cables recommended by Gill keeping the length below the maximum allowed See Section 6 3 Where the cables are cut and re connected junction boxes plugs and sockets the cable screen integrity must be maintained to prevent the EMC performance being compromised gt Earth loops should not be created earth the system in accordance with the installation guidelines See Section 6 4 gt Ensure the power supply operates to the Aviation Standard WindObserver specification at all times Avoid turbulence caused by surrounding structures that will affect the accuracy of the Aviation Standard WindObserver such as trees masts and buildings The World Meteorological Organisation makes the following recommendation gt The standard exposure of wind instruments over level open terrain is 10m above the ground Open terrain is defined as an area where the distance between the sensor and any obstruction is at least 10 times the height of the obstruction When installing the unit degrease the unit and hold with lint free gloves to reduce the build up of deposits Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 8 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd 6 2 Bench system test Note Prior to physically mounting the Aviation Standard WindObserver in its final location we strongly recommend that a bench system test be
33. on X3 instrument to be mounted upside down N B Does NOT affect UV alignment Mode 1 3 Align 45 from X4 set polar alignment at 45 degrees from North North X4 when instrument is mounted upside down Does NOT affect UV alignment Mode 1 3 Figure 4 shows the polarity of U and V if the wind components along the U and V axis are blowing in the direction of the respective arrows U 7V Figure 4 UV Polarity V V ZN U Yx Not Applicable Zx Not Applicable Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 34 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd 10 MAINTENANCE amp FAULT FINDING 10 1 Cleaning and Handling When installing the unit handle with lint free gloves and degrease the unit to reduce the build up of deposits If there is any build up of deposit on the unit it should be gently cleaned with a cloth moistened with soft detergent Solvents should not be used and care should be taken to avoid scratching any surfaces The unit must be allowed to defrost naturally after being exposed to snow or icy conditions do NOT attempt to remove ice or snow with a tool When heating is activated the bullet and transducer arms will get very hot and should not be handled Do NOT remove black rubber transducer caps 10 2 Servicing There are no moving parts or user serviceable parts requiring routine maintenance Opening the unit or breaking the secur
34. ote The Heater supply should be disconnected or turned off when using the ICC Integrity amp Zero Wind Check Zero Wind Check Configure your PC to run HyperTerminal and assemble the ICC by inserting the reflector cases and the two halves of the ICC onto the Aviation Standard WindObserver The ICC must be retained using the strips provided Then 1 Ensure that the Aviation Standard WindObserver is set for Polar M2 mode For Factory default settings see section 9 3 2 Enter Measurement Mode and Record View data In still air wind speed measurements should not exceed 0 03m s If wind speed exceeds 0 03m s contact Gill Instruments Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 37 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd Integrity Check Ensure the ICC is assembled correctly on the Aviation Standard WindObserver and heating supply turned off Using HyperTerminal enter Configuration Mode as described in Section 9 Enter D6 A typical report as shown below will be displayed D6 ALIGMENT LIMITS U 2424 2524 V 2434 2434 ALIGNMENT U 2474 PASS ALIGNMENT V 2484 PASS D6 If Refer to Manual is shown check test temperature conditions are 17 to 23 deg C and tested under zero wind condition If there has been no significant changes to The Aviation Standard WindObserver head configuration then PASS will confirm correct operation Alterations to the head geometry can result in a FAIL or Insufficient S
35. s ASCH hex Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 26 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd ASCII Polar format lt STX gt B 121 000 08 M 00 lt ETX gt 06 A Start of Unit Wind Wind Units Status End Check String Identification Direction Speed of Sum String Where Wind direction In degrees relative to N DDD Wind speed In increments of 0 01 units MMM MM All other parameters See Section 8 10 ASCH UV format Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 27 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd 8 11 NMEA Format Instrument Wind direction Wind speed Units Identifier Checksum PA Delimiter IIMWV 120 R 002 10 M A CC ONO OIN Start of string Instrument Wind Status Check type measurement sum Where Wind direction In degrees relative to N DDD Wind speed In increments of 0 01 units EMMM MM Units M Metres per second m s N Knots knots P Miles per hour MPH K Kilometres per hour kph F Feet per minute fpm Start of string Instrument type IIMWV Wind measurement R Relative wind measurement Status A Acceptable measurement V Void measurement Check sum Exclusive OR of all characters between and reported as ASCII hex A typical Aviation Standard WindObserver configuration suitable for NMEA would be B2 El F1 GO K1 L1 M5 O1 P1 U1 Consult specification NMEA 0183 version 3 available on the web bvww nmea org for
36. scription of the fault condition 10 5 Status error codes The Status code is sent as part of each wind measurement message Code Status Condition 00 OK Heating set off Valid data sufficient samples in average period 60 H2 sear heating Valid data sufficient samples in average period A OK NMEA data Acceptable 01 Axis 1 failed Insufficient samples in average period on U axis 02 Axis 2 failed Insufficient samples in average period on V axis 04 Axis and 2 failed Insufficient samples in average period on both axes 08 NVM error NVM checksum failed data could be uncalibrated 09 ROM error ROM checksum failed data could be uncalibrated 10 System gain at max Inaccurate data likely 50 Marginal system gain Data valid but marginal operation 5 Measurement average Data valid but warns that average period not reached building when averaging used 60 H j NOON RSA na iadaa still Gutpiat module 63 H2 oan Valid data still output Warning Heater 65 H2 Supply volts too high Valid data still output or pcb too hot V NMEA data Void Invalid data output 66 H3 OK and neanng Valid data sufficient samples in average period enabled gray OO to keaten still output module 68 H3 sei a ake Valid data still output Warning Heater 69 H3 Supply volts too high Valid data still output or pcb too hot Aviation Standard WindObserver Doc No 1390 PS 00
37. t for Half Duplex disconnect 9 way b and connect 9 way a Set Switch to position a 2 wire 2 On Terminal A type E1 to select Full Duplex The CONFIRM gt prompt will appear 3 Disconnect 9 way a and connect 9 way b Set Switch to position b 4 wire 4 On Terminal B type E lt ENTER gt to confirm Aviation Standard WindObserver Page 24 Issue 1 Doc No 1390 PS 0019 April 2009 Gill Instruments Ltd 8 4 Units The wind speed can be set to any of the following units Unit Abbreviation Metres per sec m s Knots knots Miles per hour MPH Kilometres per hour kph Feet per minute fpm 8 5 Output rate The output frequency can be set between 1 and 4 per second The wind speed is sampled every 25ms each axis being sampled sequentially The following Table lists the possible outputs per second and the corresponding number of averaged samples A 25ms sample period is used to process and output the results Outputs per Second Sample Average 1 39 2 19 4 9 8 6 Averaging Digital Data The Averaging Period can be set from zero to 3600 secs 1 hour The default setting is zero When averaging is enabled data is output at a rate determined by the averaging period The data is an average of valid data collected during the averaging period If G is set to zero then averaging settings will be disabled 8 7 Heating Heating is autonomous and requires no set up onc
38. ts Ltd 6 INSTALLATION Do NOT remove the black rubber transducer caps Warranty is void if the Red security seal is damaged or removed Take care not to knock the four Transducer arms All the time the Aviation Standard WindObserver is not in its final location it should be protected from damage by keeping it in the original packaging as long as possible treating it as a delicate instrument If an Intrinsically Safe IS device is required the I S WindObserver must be used the Aviation Standard WindObserver is NOT an IS device 6 1 Installation Guidelines The Aviation Standard WindObserver has been designed to meet and exceed the stringent standards listed in its specification Operating in diverse environments all over the world Aviation Standard WindObserver requires no calibration or adjustment whatsoever As with any sophisticated electronics good engineering practice should be followed to ensure correct operation gt Always check the installation to ensure the Aviation Standard WindObserver is not affected by other equipment operating locally which may not conform to current standards e g radio radar transmitters boat engines generators etc Guidelines gt Avoid mounting in the plane of any radar scanner a vertical separation of at least 2m should be achieved gt Radio transmitting antennas the following minimum separations all round are suggested e VHF IMM Im e MF HF 5m e Satcom 5m av
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