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1. Position the acquisition marker which will appear on the PPI on the simulator target whose motion vector should be edited Press the left trackball button By rolling moving the trackball set a new target motion vector Press the left trackball button Press the right trackball button to exit from the editing mode 64 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Targets Deleting Simulator Targets To delete a simulator target press the Cancel Target button on the TGT Simulator page TRIALITGT Simulator J Trial Manoeuvre TGT Simulator Add Target Cancel Target Edit Target Cancel All Position the acquisition marker which will appear on the PPI on the simulator target which should be deleted Press the left trackball button The simulator target will be deleted Press the right trackball button to exit from the simulator target deleting mode To delete all the simulator targets press the Cancel All button Chapter 1 User Manual 65 Handling Targets Handling ARPA Targets Turning On Off ARPA Information Display To turn on the on PPI display of ARPA information press the ARPA button in the Control Panel s Sensors window RNG RR __6 1 NM GND STAB SEA STAB DATE 17 04 07 TIME 16 16 POSN 51 06 555 N GPS1 01 48 118 E CCRP Conning station To Manually Acquire Targets for Tracking To acquire a single
2. On Index Lines panel press the button with the necessary index line number Index Lines J Line Range BRG onioff NM DEG 1_ 9 00 000 0 2_ 0 00 000 0 __3__ 0 00 000 0 4 0 00 000 0 The corresponding line will be displayed on the PPI in the white color Lines 1 and 2 are displayed as solid lines whereas 3 and 4 are dashed lines 090 0 CSE 090 0 RNG RR I _12 2 _ NMJ 10 0 KN 10 0 KN 090 0 T 9 MASTER X 1 X 1 SOG 10 0 KN GND STAB SEA STAB DATE 04 04 07 TIME 13 37 37 POSN 50 00 023 N GPS1 00 09 251 W CCRP Conning station No official chart Chapter 1 User Manual 41 Handling Radar Control of Index Line Positions There are two ways to set index lines 1 To set values of index line positions in Index Lines panel Position the free cursor on Range input field in Index Lines panel and press the left trackball mouse button By rolling trackball mouse set the required value of distance from the center of the own ship mark or enter it from the keyboard Press the left trackball mouse button The index line will be set at the specified distance Note Distance to the index line is measured along the perpendicular dropped from the own ship mark centre to the index line Position the free cursor on BRG input field in Index Lines panel and press the left trackball mouse button By rolling trackball mouse set
3. TCPA BCT Turning on Display of Target Numbers To turn on display of targets numbers on the PPI press button in the Display Panel control button group The PPI displays target numbers Setting of Safety Parameters in Target Tracking In the Control Panel Safety Parameters window position the free cursor in the CPA input field and press the left trackball button cpa E NM TCPA 0 MIN By rolling the trackball set the required value of the closest point of approach CPA distance or enter it via the keyboard Press the left trackball button In a similar way enter the value of time to the closest point of approach TCPA in the TCPA input field CPA 1 00 NM tcpa MIN The setting of the safety parameter is completed With the ARPA turned on the CPA TCPA alarm will be triggered off if both the CPA and TCPA become smaller than the set values at the same time TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Targets Trial Manoeuvre Open the TRIAL TGT Simulator panel by selecting the appropriate menu item in the Control Panel s Multi Panel window TRIALITGT Simulator X Use the tab in the top part of the TRIAL TGT Simulator panel which will open up to switch to the Trial Manoeuvre page Press Loaded or In Ballast button depending on the ships loading __ Loaded NI P Urea 24 050 0900 lt j set
4. 6 1__NMI SEA STAB DATE 04 04 07 TIME 12 08 47 POSN 50 00 023 N GPS1 00 32 284 W CCRP Conning station No official chart VRM1 will be displayed on the PPI in the form of a solid light blue coloured ring with centred on the own ship mark centre By default VRM1 radius is set to 0 25 mile With the use of ES3 keyboard to turn on VRM1 press lt ON OFF gt button to the left of lt VRMb gt control RNG RR 3105 NM MASTER X 1 SEA STAB DATE 04 04 07 TIME 12 10 20 POSN 50 00 023 N GPS1 00 31 883 W CCRP Conning station No official chart Chapter 1 User Manual 35 Handling Radar EBL2 and VRM2 are turned on by using similar procedures and are displayed on the PPI as dashed light blue coloured lines By default EBL2 direction is set to 0 The default radius of VRM2 is set to 0 25 mile RNG RR 12 2 _ NMI SEA STAB DATE 04 04 07 TIME 12 15 08 POSN 50 00 023 N GPS1 00 30 639 W CCRP Conning station No official chart EBL VRW s are displayed on the PPI independently of one another so you can turn on both as required RNG RR 12 2 _ NMI SEA STAB DATE 04 04 07 TIME 12 14 35 210 R POSN 50 00 023 N GPS1 00 30 780 W 7 a CCRP Conning station IE RAIN ies No official chart KEE IP 36 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Radar EBL VRM Control There are three ways to set EBL and VRM values 1 To set EBL and
5. The selected targets symbols vectors and names are displayed in accordance with the general rules described above for the AIS and ARPA targets At this stage the selected targets symbols are enclosed in a broken purple box The ARPA target data card may look as follows Targets Information d Target 1 l Target 2 Multiple TGT 4 CPA 6 87 NM TCPA 43 MIN 1 SEC BRG 094 8 T RNG 8 2 NM TSPD 9 0 KN TCSE 052 6 RCSE 332 1 RSPD 6 2 KN BCR 7 77 NM BCT 7 MIN 35 SEC Not Associated Guard Zones Two guard zones can be defined Parameters of the Guard Zones are counted from the scanner The dimensions of these zones can be set by the user The following limitations are imposed in this case e the distance to the inner boundary of the Guard Zone shall not be less than 0 1 miles e the dimensions of the Guard Zone shall not be less than 5 by angle and less than 0 5 miles by width As a target enters a guard zone Guard zone target alarm is generated Chapter 2 Operating Principles 113 Display of ARPA Targets 114 In this case the target is shown as a flashing red equilateral triangle with its vertex pointing down The symbol is flashing until Guard zone target alarm is acknowledged If before the target has entered the zone or appeared within the zone there was no symbol of a steadily tracked target the acquisition function is perfo
6. CCRP Conning station No official chart Handling Radar Chapter 1 User Manual 33 Handling Radar 34 The own ship symbol will shift to the side opposite to the direction of its motion to a distance of 2 3 scan radius from the PPI centre Note With the use of Course Up orientation in the true motion mode ad a press on the button sets the current course for a new stabilisation course at the same time Use of Radar Task Tools To Set Fixed Range Rings To turn on the display of fixed range rings on the PPI press button in the Display Panel control button group RNG RR _12 2 _ _NM SEA STAB 130 VIDEO DATE 04 04 07 vo EOP TIME 11 04 47 al E POSN 50 00 023 N CONT GPS1 A a 00 48 882 W CCRP Conning station Us E RAIN E No official chart CEE e Fixed range rings will be displayed on the PPI To turn off the display of fixed range rings press again EBL VRM To Turn On EBL VRM To turn on EBL1 press EBL1 button in the Control Panel s EBL VRM window E 3200 ET orrser eLa 2250 7 orren rma 025 NM E EBL1 will be displayed on the PPI in the form of a solid light blue coloured line originating from the centre of the own ship mark By default the direction of EBL1 is set at 0 With the use of ES3 keyboard to turn on EBL1 press lt ON OFF gt button to the right of lt EBL gt control TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Radar RNG RR
7. Color h 84 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Charts Turn on the required mode of displaying necessary chart information by using the following lines e Color to display electronic chart in colour e Color transparency to display electronic chart in colour without infills of shore territory and danger depths e Gray to display electronic chart in various shades of grey with the filling of shore territory and danger depths e Gray transparency to display electronic chart in various shades of grey without filling of the shore territory and danger depths Turning on the ENC Display on Top of the Radar Picture To turn on the electronic chart display on top of the radar picture press button in the Display Panel button group RNG RR 6 1__NMI GND STAB SEA STAB i x VIDEO DATE 18 04 07 gt EEF TIME 12 30 59 A ENF POSN 51 07 259N E AN E GPS1 01 29 220 E CCRP Conning station No official chart ERAN IP E Obtaining Information on Chart Objects To obtain information on chart objects press button in the Display Panel il button group Position the acquisition marker which will appear on the object which J information is required to be obtained on Chapter 1 User Manual 85 Handling Charts RNG RR _6 1 N SEA STAB 10 3 VIDEO DATE 23 04 07 lt u ype p TIME 15 42 58 EMRE POSN 51 32 856 N 5 J lt Ecen GPS1 01 59 702 E 2 CCRP Co
8. Range ROT Rate Of Turn sec second SP Short Pulse SMG Speed Made Good SOG Speed Over Ground SPD Speed STW Speed Through Water TCPA Time to Closest Point of Approach TGT Target TM True Motion UTC Universal Time Coordinated VRM Variable Range Marker WGS 84 World Geodetic Datum WS Workstation Definitions and Abbreviations Preamble 9 Printing House Conventions 10 PRINTING HOUSE CONVENTIONS Sample of notation Usage comments Transas INS v 1 11 002 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION To highlight names of documents Chapter 2 To highlight sections of a document Monitoring port To highlight in a printed document user interface elements and the NR system objects LS0004 Evaluation License has expired To highlight messages commands files and other Windows OS information CONFIG Exit Program To highlight path to a file folder lt Enter gt To highlight names of keyboard keys Master To highlight names of windows pages buttons etc ACCEPT To highlight menu items TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar CHAPTER 1 User Manual Copyright Transas Ltd 2007 Radar Task Controls RADAR TASK CONTROLS Radar User Interface Structure The main purpose of the RADAR task screen is to monitor surroundings on the Plan Position Indicator PPI by using the radar signals The PPI c
9. Routes h On the Chart Routs panel open the Charts page To turn on chart autoloading press the Autoload button see also the Chapter 2 in the Radar Features section under Radar Picture Referencing ES _enc OTE Autoload For manual selection turn off the autoload function the Autoload button is released Press the button with the current chart number Select the necessary chart from the list The PPI will display the required chart Chapter 1 User Manual 81 Handling Charts Turning on Display of Different Chart Objects Open the Charts Routes panel by selecting the appropriate menu item in the Control Panel s Multi Panel window Charts Routes h For the PPI to display objects included in the standard display see Chapter 2 in section Display of Chart Information under Layers Control press the Std Display button m PRETE AllLayersas EDEA For the PPI to display all the chart objects see Chapter 2 in section Display of Chart Information under Layers Control document press the All Layers button ES Enc er Autoload All Layers Std Display 82 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Charts To create a user configuration of displaying different classes of chart objects press the Layers button Turn on the display of necessary chart objects on the PPI by checking the following checkboxes for the displayed chart objects of each class
10. The processing of video signal takes into account the set Gain Sea and Rain level e Normal Gain setting noises are under the threshold curve The Sea setting is minimum the sea clutter exceeds the threshold Sea Clutter Target Echoes Threshold Curve Video Signal e Normal Gain setting noises are under the threshold curve The Sea setting is normal the sea clutter is under the threshold e Normal Gain setting noises are under the threshold curve The Sea setting is normal the sea clutter is under the threshold curve The Rain setting is different from zero you can see the threshold curve circumventing the distributed targets SAM ook BUDA sra tl rae ae ee 4 Further targets are extracted from the video signal the set values of Gain Sea and Rain are taken into account Display Brilliance Adjustment The video signal brightness is controlled in the right bottom corner of the Display Panel with the aid of the El and E buttons lt am gt gt The BRILL control sets the maximum brilliance of the displayed echo This control should be used for reducing the superfluous bridge illumination by the radar screen picture in the night time conditions The CONTR control is used for changing the number of halftones in the picture With the maximum contrast level there are two grades of colour corresponding to the absence of a signal the substrate colour is black or blue or to the availability of
11. The program will be closed HANDLING RADAR Obtaining of Navigational Information in the Radar Task Arranged around the PPI are information panels displaying different information Own Ship Motion Parameters and Stabilization Mode 090 0 CSE 090 0 5 0 KN 5 0 KN 090 0 5 0 KN Fig 1 DLOG is selected for the source of STW SEA stab Fig 2 LOG is selected for the source of STW SEA stab The panel contains the following elements e HDG course from gyrocompass e CSE ship course over the water only if DLOG is selected for the source of speed through the water in SEA STAB mode e STW ship speed through the water longitudinal component absolute value e COG ship course over the ground e 0G ship speed over the ground with the manual correction of SMG drift 24 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Note The data source is specified to the right of the own ship motion parameter name e GYRO gyrocompass with a digital input e GPS GPS DGPS PGPS e UNK DUNK P UNK unknown source source talker is unknown e GLO GLONASS e GNSS GNSS e LRNC LORAN C e REF stationary reference point e MANUAL manual input always shown in the red colour e LOG log with a digital output e DLOG Doppler log e CALC calculated value e NONE no source available e With the availability of gyro correction the window displays corrected head
12. x COG SOG HDG POS x X X X X X X X X X X X X COG SOG STW POS X X POS STW x X COG SOG X X COG SOG X x POS COG SOG x X POS STW Range Scales and Range Rings ATTENTION Switching of the range scales on scanner is available only at stations with the status MASTER In the RADAR task the following range scales can be set 0 25 mile 0 5 mile 0 75 mile 1 5 mile 3 miles 6 miles 12 miles 24 miles 48 miles The default setting is 6 mile range scale Note The actually covered radar range is 3 4 larger than the set range scale which ensures high quality display in TM and OFFCENT modes The width of range rings is set with regard to the set range scale Range Scale Range Rings Number of range rings 0 25 0 125 2 0 5 0 125 4 0 75 0 125 6 1 5 0 25 6 3 0 5 6 6 1 6 12 2 6 24 4 6 48 8 6 98 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Radar Features There is a restriction on switching the scale on a WS with the Radar SLAVE status The scale can only be switched by one step up or down relative to the scale set on the WS with the Radar MASTER status With the further switching of the scale on the WS with the Radar MASTER on the WS with the Radar SLAVE status the scale value will be synchronised Gain Sea and Rain Gain The Gain control sets the signal threshold of radar signals displayed on the screen For a correct Gain settings the control should be adjusted until a speckl
13. DATE 04 04 07 TIME 12 54 POSN 023 N GPS1 tele 371 W i CCRP Conning station k m B No official chart E Z Press the left trackball mouse button again to exit from the graphic cursor mode To move the EBL and VRM simultaneously position the free cursor on their intersection ATTENTION This operation can only be performed for the EBL and VRM with the same number RNG RR _12 2 _NM SEA STAB DATE 04 04 07 TIME 12 59 07 POSN GPS1 00 19 CCRP Conning station FF Es No official chart PEE gt 38 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Radar Press the left trackball mouse button The cursor will assume the form of a graphic cursor Move the EBL and VRM in the required direction RNG RR _12 2 _NM MASTER X 1 GND STAB SEA STAB DATE 04 04 07 TIME 13 01 06 POSN 50 00 023 N GPS1 00 18 721 W CCRP Conning station No official chart Press the left trackball mouse button again to exit from the graphic cursor mode Shifting EBL VRM Set the EBL and VRM in their new reference point ATTENTION This operation can only be performed for the EBL and VRM with the same number RNG RR _12 2 _NM GND STAB SEA STAB DATE 04 04 07 TIME 13 11 31 POSN 50 00 023 N GPS1 00 16 019 W CCRP Conning station No official chart Chapter 1 User Manual 39 Handling Radar 40 Press OFFSET button in the Control Panel s EBL VRM window Les 1 2
14. The data on sources of obtaining of the course and speed selected for stabilization mode are saved when quitting the RADAR task Where no data from the aforementioned sensors is available the own ship and targets positions are not stabilised The word UNSTABILIZED is displayed in the top left corner of the display panel 3 10 0 KN COG 090 0 SOG 10 0 KN UNSTABILISED And Lost stabilization warning is triggered off Ownship Presentation Modes North Up Azimuth presentation whereby an assumed line connecting the scan centre with the azimuth grid zero represents true direction to the north Azimuth presentation of the display is not possible unless there is data from the gyro if there is not the system switches to Head Up unstabilised mode Course Up Azimuth presentation whereby an assumed line connecting the scan centre with an azimuth grid point is coincident with the ship course at the moment when the mode is turned on Azimuth scale 000 mark indicates true north TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Radar Features Head Up The own ship s course line is directed vertically upwards which corresponds to the forward motion During the operation in the true motion display mode Head Up mode is not available Ownship Motion Modes Relative Motion Relative Motion RM is available with Head Up unstabilised North Up stabilised or Course Up stabilised on all range scales Relative Motion Unstab
15. User Manual 31 Handling Radar Use of Ahead Function Relative Motion Mode ATTENTION The Ahead function in the relative motion mode with Course Up display orientation is used for switching to a new stabilisation course value RNG RR _12 2 _NM SEA STAB ak DATE 04 04 07 TIME 10 59 27 POSN 49 59 987 N GPS1 00 50 264 W CCRP Conning station No official chart To switch to a new stabilisation course value press the button in la the Display Panel control button group With the use of ES3 keyboard press the lt AHEAD gt button to activate the function RNG RR _12 2 NM SEA STAB DATE 04 04 07 TIME 11 00 22 POSN 50 00 000 N GPS1 00 50 027 W CRP Conning station No official chart The current course value is set for the stabilisation course 32 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar True Motion Mode The true motion mode is turned on RNG RR 12 2 _ NMI SOG SEA STAB DATE 04 04 07 TIME 11 03 39 POSN 50 00 023 N GPS1 00 49 178 W CCRP Conning station K RAIN gt No official chart FREE IP To set the ship symbol to the initial state on the PPI the press button a in the Display Panel control button group With the use of ES3 keyboard press the lt AHEAD gt button to activate the function RNG RR _12 2 __NM MASTER X 1 SOG SEA STAB 4 J DATE 04 04 07 TIME 11 02 48 POSN 50 00 023 N GPS1 00 49 398 W
16. a signal the maximum brilliance colour The reduction of the contrast level increases the number of halftones This allows distinguishing larger intensity signals referring presumably to the target echo against the background of noises and sea clutter In this case there may be worsening of visual distinguishing of weak echoes from far away targets Chapter 2 Operating Principles 93 Radar Features Brightness of various objects on the PPI is adjusted on the Brilliance panel Brilliance Palette Daylight J General JUTE Targets lt n Rings ERBL Lo 2 O Infill F Objects JOE Ea Fal al Ea Ball Ea Bal Brightness settings of the objects simultaneously General do not permit the display to be fully suppressed whereas brilliance adjustment for each individual object Targets Rings ERBL GZ Infill and Objects allows this to be done Overlay Colour The RADAR task provides a capability to select the overlay colour green or yellow Green is set as a default When the yellow colour is selected the overlay is shown against blue if the following conditions are fulfilled e the Day or Dusk palette is set e the display of electronic charts is turned off the CHART button is released When these conditions are changed the overlay is shown against black Radar Transceiver Adjustment ATTENTION Radar transceiver adjustment is available only at statio
17. cceeeeeeesteeeeenees 127 Effect of Errors on Chart Information Display Accuracy 129 Layers Control ii ae8 adieu Stata ed Aides dae ced tie 132 Conditions of Displaying Electronic Charts 0 cccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenees 132 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar PREAMBLE This chapter provides general information on the work with document Copyright Transas Ltd 2007 Annotation ANNOTATION The aim of this book is to provide the user with guidelines in the solution of various tasks which may arise during the radar handling and to give the user some idea of the operating principles and capabilities of RADAR task The description is divided into 2 parts Chapter 1 User Manual Chapter 2 Operating Principles LIST OF DOCUMENTS Transas INS v 1 11 002 Installation Guide Transas INS v 1 11 002 Functional Description Transas INS v 1 171 002 Transas INS v 1 11 002 ECDIS Radar Transas INS v 1 11 002 Utilities DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS Definitions Acquisition The process of selecting a target or targets and initiating their tracking Acquisition Area An area set up by the observer which should automatically acquire a target when it enters such an area Azimuth Stabilised Display A display in which the azimuth orientation relative to a nominated true bearing is fixed Bad Echo The name associated with a tracked target which appears to have be
18. crosses the own ship course BCT time when the target crosses the own ship course Not Associated indication that the target association mode is turned OFF If the mode is ON bearing and distance from the own ship to the associated ARPA target are displayed The data card for AIS target contains the following elements MMSI target MMSI CPA distance of closest point of approach TCPA time to the closest point of approach AIS AIS target navigational status HDG target heading ROT target rate of turn BRG target bearing RNG distance to the target COG target course over the ground in the Ground Stab mode in the Sea Stab mode CSE notation is used SOG target speed over the ground in the Ground Stab mode in the Sea Stab mode STW notation is used LAT target latitude LON target longitude R CSE target s relative course R SPD target s relative speed Additional to turn on the display of additional information on the AIS target Targets Information Additional NAME NIKEL CALL UCKB 22 TGT target identification number NAME target name CALL target call sign BCR distance at which the target crosses the own ship course TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Targets e BCT time when the target crosses the own ship course e Associated 6 158 5 2 3 NM indic
19. detailed description of the way these settings operate see the Chapter 2 in Radar Features section under Processing of Radar Signals in Radar Task Chapter 1 User Manual 27 Handling Radar Display Adjustment Setting Overlay Colour Open the Radar Scanner panel by selecting the appropriate menu item in the Control Panel s Multi Panel window Radar Scanner X Set the green colour as a default for the radar overlay Press the Yellow button to set the yellow colour for the radar overlay To Set Screen Colour Palette Open Brilliance panel by selecting the appropriate menu line in the Control Panel s Multi Panel window Brilliance h Press Palette button This button is designed for selecting the screen colour palette to suit the outside illumination e Daylight e Twilight e Dusk night with moon e Night moonless night e Dusk inverted night with moon inverse colour of the Control Panel text e Night inverted moonless night inverse colour of the Control Panel text 28 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Radar Daylight si Daylight Select the necessary palette The RADAR task screen will be displayed in the selected colour palette With the use of ES3 keyboard select the necessary screen colour palette by pressing successively lt NIGHT DAY gt button my Adjustment of Plan Position Indicator Setting Range Scale By using the RNG RR
20. mouse button As this is done the cursor will assume the following form See also Chapter 2 paragraph Handling Cursors RNG RR 6 1__NMI SEA STAB DATE 17 04 07 lt q TIME 17 38 29 hey y 210 as POSN 51 07 738 N GPS1 02 09 609 E a Ses g EE E gt CCRP Conning station Press the left trackball mouse button if the correct relevant data is available the PPI will display HDG and COG vectors To deactivate an AIS target position the free cursor on it and press the right trackball mouse button As this is done the cursor will assume the following form Press the left trackball mouse button and HDG and COG vectors will not be displayed on the PPI any more see also Chapter 2 paragraph Handling Cursors Viewing Current Data of Own AIS Transmitter Open the TARGETS panel by selecting the appropriate menu item in the Control Panel s Multi Panel window TARGETS TARGETS R Chapter 1 User Manual 75 Handling Targets On the TARGETS panel open the AIS page and switch to the AIS VDL Data tab available for UAIS transponder only Read the necessary information on the own AIS transponder data e Source current positioning system used by the transponder e UTC status of time synchronization in AIS with UTC e Latitude latitude value supplied by the positioning system used by the transponder e Longitude longitude value suppli
21. moving the trackball set the target motion vector RNG RR 3105 NM GND STAB SEA STAB DATE 06 04 07 TIME 13 45 04 20 POSN 51 06 556 N f GPS1 01 37 059 E F a Z0 E I g mg CCRP Conning station 62 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Targets Parameters of the target which is being set are displayed dynamically on the TGT Simulator page TRIALITGT Simulator Trial Manoeuvre TGT Simulator Add Target Cancel Target Edit Target Cancel All BRG 188 6 CSE 286 0 RNG 0 70 NM SPD 23 0 KN Press the left trackball button HDG STW eoc SOG GND STAB SEA STAB DATE 06 04 07 TIME 13 46 01 POSN 51 06 556N GPS1 01 37 312 E CCRP Conning station RNG RR 310 5 _NM a SN a mg a gt MASTER X 1 The PPI will display an ARPA tracked simulator target in the form of a circle with a pre calculated motion vector The bottom part of the PPI will display flashing white coloured X letter Press the right trackball button to exit from the simulator target setting mode Chapter 1 User Manual 63 Handling Targets Editing Simulator Target Motion Vectors To edit simulator target motion vectors press the Edit Target button on the TGT Simulator page TRIALITGT Simulator J Trial Manoeuvre TGT Simulator Add Target Cancel Target BRG RNG CSE SPD
22. scanner antenna and reference point position Conning station an error is entered in the correlation of chart and radar information To avoid input of this position position of the scanner and GPS receiver antenna units should be set with the maximum possible accuracy a b b KN a A max Ship length RADA RADA la cAc cc ref point ref point Error in aligning the scanner centreline plane with the centreline plane of the ship In case of inaccurate aligning of the scanner and ship centreline planes there is azimuthal deviation between the chart and radar information This error is compensated for by entering the offset in the azimuth via the BRG Offset function a 0 359 Gyro error In case of a gyro error there is azimuthal deviation between the chart and radar information This error is eliminated by entering an additional correction in the azimuth via the BRG Offset function O HL TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Display of Chart Information e Delay in the scanner receiver In case of delays in the scanner receiver there is distance discrepancy between the chart and radar information This error is compensated for by entering the delay offset via the DIST Offset function If there is any disagreement between the chart and radar information before the input of additional offsets make check measurements on the paper chart WGS84 These adjustments should be made when along
23. spp None Position the free cursor on Trial line input field and press the left trackball mouse button Set the required length of the expected ship motion line EML by rolling the trackball or enter it from the keyboard Press the left trackball button Use a similar procedure to enter the required turn radius in the Radius input field For trial manoeuvring taking speed alteration into account press Set SPD button ie Use M buttons to set the engine telegraph position after the manoeuvre start in the Set SPD box ATTENTION During trial manoeuvring with speed alteration the calculation error may run up to 15 A trial manoeuvre can be performed in two ways 1 By entering values via the keyboard Press Show button The PPI displays the own ship motion line with parameters of the intended manoeuvre and the targets motion lines changed to assume the value set in Trial line box Position the free cursor on Set CSE input field and press the left trackball mouse button Chapter 1 User Manual 57 Handling Targets a E nar oso EX jald Set SPD Swaine e __Playss Drop EETA Set the required next course by rolling the trackball mouse or enter it from the keyboard Press the left trackball mouse button You can also use KP buttons The start of the manoeuvre is determined by the Delay parameter which can be entered in both minutes and miles Re calculations use the ship s current SOG in ca
24. target press button in the Display Panel control ol button group Position the free cursor on the target which should be acquired i for tracking see also Chapter 2 under Handling Cursors paragraph EE RNG RR _6 1 NMJ St SEA STAB DATE 17 04 07 a gt TIME 16 46 51 al con aE ee oe a CCRP Conning station g EN 66 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Press the left trackball mouse button At the acquisition stage the target will be displayed as a dashed line square HDG STW feet SOG SEA STAB OHH DATE 17 04 07 TIME 16 47 20 POSN 51 06 554 N GPS1 01 56 277 E CCRP Conning station RNG RR _ 61 _ NM E eg a emg E gt Handling Targets In a minute the acquired target will be displayed as a circle with a pre calculated motion vector SOG SEA STAB DATE 17 04 07 TIME 16 47 32 POSN 51 06 554 N GPS1 01 56 332 E CCRP Conning station RNG RR _ 61 _ NM OHH Use the procedure for acquiring all the necessary 6 for tracking To exit from the manual acquisition mode release control button group button in the Display Panel Chapter 1 User Manual 67 Handling Targets Cancelling Tracked Targets Manually Drop the target from tracking by using one of the following procedures 1 To cancel tracking of a single target press fe button in the Display Panel control button group Position the free cursor on the tracked target which
25. the TRAILS button in the Control Panel s Targets Trails window Radar Maps ATTENTION The use of radar maps is not possible unless own ship coordinates Latitude Longitude are available If the display of electronic charts is turned on TRS or ENC radar charts are not display and MAPS page is not available Open Chart Routes panel by selecting the appropriate menu line in the Control Panel s Multi Panel window TARGETS TARGETS Brilliance Index Lines TRIAL TGT Simulator Targets Information Navigation Interswitch Radar Scanner Exit Chapter 1 User Manual 47 Handling Radar 48 On Chart Routes panel open the MAPS page Charts Routes Charts Routes MAPS MAPS Load MAP J In MAPS group press Load Chart button Charts Routes Charts Routes MAPS MAPS Load MAP Fish zone approach Fe Select the necessary radar map and press the left trackball mouse button Note Radar maps are created and saved within the ECDIS task The selected radar map will be displayed on the PPI RNG RR 6 1__NMI SEA STAB DATE 06 06 07 TIME 12 40 56 POSN 51 06 555 N GPS1 01 24 808 E CCRP Conning station GRAPHICAL INFO MAPS WGS84 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Radar To unload the radar map in MAPS group press button with loa
26. 20 8 T OS A 662 mooo The electronic tool s centre will shift to the set EBL and VRM intersection point By default the Fixed button is depressed the EBL VRM will be referenced to the selected point on the ground i e it will be moving relative to the own ship at a SOG speed in the direction opposite to the COG If it is necessary that the EBL VRM centre move together with the own ship release the Fixed button RNG RR _12 2 _ NMI SEA STAB DATE 04 04 07 TIME 13 15 06 2 POSN 50 00 023 N GPS1 00 15 089 W CCRP Conning station No official chart To cancel the EBL VRM offset release OFFSET button in the Control Panel s EBL VRM window The electronic tool centre will be set in the centre of the own ship mark To Turn Off EBL VRM To turn off EBL or VRM release the appropriate button in the Control Panels EBL VRM window With the use of ES3 keyboard to turn off EBL press lt ON OFF gt button to the right of lt EBL gt control and to turn VRM off press lt ON OFF gt button to the left of lt VRM gt control TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Radar Index Lines To Turn On Display of Index Lines Open Index Lines panel by selecting the appropriate menu line in the Control Panel s Multi Panel window TARGETS I TARGETS Charts Routes Brilliance TRIAL TGT Simulator Targets Information Navigation Interswitch Radar Scanner Exit
27. 7 Radar Task Operation Modes Availability Table 0 ceeeeeeeeenees 98 Range Scales and Range RilndS c cccccceceseeeeeeeeneeeeeeneeeeeennaeeeeseaes 98 Gain Sea and Rainistaaiiitini eek ak ce Bikeen Bea dates 99 Radar Adjustment in the Absence of Targets 0 ccccceeeeeeeeeteeeees 101 AcCCUMUIALION ar A EE E eM A 101 interference Rejection aira hte nica ae ee ace 102 GhOStEChOGS 2 ibs ease feevtes tet test ede eats ini eee eee 102 Enhanced Video Mode cccccceececeneeeeeecteeeeeeeneeeeetieeeeetieeeeesiaeeeeee 103 Radar Reflections and BeaCons cccceceeceeeseieeeeeeeteeeeetiieeeeetneeeeeed 104 Operation for SART Detection c cccccceeeeeeeceeceeeeeeeeeeenceeeeeeeeeeeees 104 Radar Trails i eiieeii ene Godin en a aiii a eiai 106 Parallel Index LINES arrira R EEA E ORN 106 Variable Range Marker VRM ssssesessesrrssesirsserrrssrrrrsserrrsssrrrrssrenns 106 Electronic Bearing Line EBL esssseessrsiessrrrsesirserernesrernunerrnnseennneenenas 106 Radar Picture Referencing esssessrsesserrnsrirrrserrneetenassternasinnnnnsennnaetanas 107 Performance Montor sirsiran ayata Ea a SAAN ARLE 107 Mute Blank SCCtors ariaa AREE eaaa ETARE AR RETRE 110 Radar M pS roi na daa a a a adea E a e EAEE SAE 111 Display of ARPA Targets aaria euena a ARAA pa A EENAA ARAE AARAA ARAARA ARRERA 111 Genara anyada hy detedensbeeeidateeedte ts detelentebeataciet 111 Display and Naming of ARPA Targets 0
28. Course divergence limit If this divergence is smaller than the set value the ARPA or AIS target disappears automatically from the PPI The target whose display remains on the PPI is selected by using the Priority button The limits of course and distance divergence between ARPA and AIS targets are set by the user in the relevant boxes on Association page of TARGETS panel as follows e Course divergence integer values within 0 to 45 degrees range 10 degrees by default e Distance divergence integer value within 0 to 999 metres range 50 metres by default The bottom line of such target data card displays bearing and distance from the own ship to the target which though not displayed on the PPI is tracked as before If such ARPA AIS target exceeds Course Distance limits it is automatically displayed on the screen whereas the bottom line of target data card displays Not Associated notation If the target then returns to within the set limits association occurs automatically If the AIS functionality is disabled or the AIS button is turned off the association is disabled and the PPI shows the ARPA target only DR Mode of AIS Targets To switch on DR mode for AIS targets use DR for AIS targets button in Settings tab on AIS page of TARGETS panel after the input of the minimum speed from which DR calculations are started In this case the following specific features of dead reckoning for AI
29. Panel s Vectors window ENZA RVECT To select the mode of displaying the targets relative pre calculated motion vectors press the R VECT button in the Control Panel s Vectors window tvect Eaa 5 Chapter 1 User Manual 51 Handling Targets Work with Targets Tracks ATTENTION For the target tracks to be displayed ARPA should be turned on The PPI displays tracks of steadily tracked targets only In the Control Panel Target Past Position window press the button TGT Past position LC None _3 None 1 MIN 2 MIN 4 MIN Select the targets track plotting interval value from the pull down list Note By default the targets track plotting interval is set to 30 seconds With the selection of the targets track plotting interval the displayed track length is set automatically e 30 sec 6 minutes 12 points e 1 min 6 minutes 6 points e 2 min 8 minutes 4 points e 4min 16 minutes 4 points Target tracks will appear on the PPI RNG RR _ 61 __ NM MASTER X 1 SEA STAB o VIDEO DATE 17 04 07 x o EEF N DE 06 555 N D ele GPS1 01 32 652 E o ETE CCRP Conning station 180 a a Es lt a No official chart JEJ 52 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Targets To Call Target Data Card Position the free cursor on the target which information should be obtained on As this is done the cursor wi
30. R XI SOG 10 0 KN GND STAB DATE 04 04 07 TIME 13 40 56 POSN 50 00 023 N GPS1 00 08 392 W CCRP Conning station No official chart Press the left trackball mouse button again to exit from the graphic cursor mode To change the index line bearing position the free cursor on any other point in this line As this is done the cursor will assume the following LT form EN 090 0 CSE 090 0 RNG RR 12 2 NM 10 0 KN 10 0 KN 090 0 MASTER X 1 X 1 10 0 KN GND STAB DATE 04 04 07 TIME 13 41 37 POSN 50 00 023 N GPS1 00 08 215 W j E B E CCRP Conning station No official chart KEE IP 44 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Radar Press the left trackball mouse button The cursor will assume the form of the graphic cursor Set the required index line direction by moving the cursor 090 0 CSE 090 0 RNG RR _12 2 NMJ 10 0 KN 10 0 KN 090 0 MASTER X 1 10 0 KN GND STAB DATE 04 04 07 TIME 13 42 35 za POSN 50 00 023 N GPS1 00 07 964 W CCRP Conning station No official chart Press the left trackball mouse button again to exit from the graphic cursor mode To Turn Off Display of Index Lines To turn of the display of index lines release the appropriate buttons on the Control Panel s Index Lines panel Setting of Stabilisation Modes ATTENTION Stabilisation modes cannot be turned on unless certain conditions are f
31. RADAR task provides a capability to use a free cursor which is moved over the entire screen by the trackball mouse acquiring various forms in different RADAR task areas Within the entire RADAR task area except for PPI the cursor acquires the form of an arrow and operates as a standard Windows cursor The free cursor within the PPI when positioned on different objects can assume the following form and perform the corresponding functions e Free cursor on the radar screen e ARPA acquisition cursor with target acquisition function ON e AIS activation cursor e Cursor for cancelling ARPA tracking e AIS deactivation cursor e Cursor for obtaining information on targets e Cursor for activating VRM EBL Index Line and Guard zones boundaries motion Change of the Free Cursor Appearance as it Hits the Target Depending on which object the cursor hits on the radar screen it can assume different forms or 1 buttons are not pressed free cursor on the radar echo targets cannot be acquired for ARPA tracking free cursor on a steadily tracked ARPA target free cursor on an active AIS target free cursor on a non active AIS target BOG is button is pressed free cursor on the radar echo active or non active AIS target with a radar echo under it button is pressed free cursor on an active AIS target with a radar echo under it free cursor on an ARPA Chapter 2 Opera
32. S targets should be taken into account e Dead reckoning of targets is made from the latest data on the true course and speed COG SOG As the rate of data transmission from the targets is dependent on their speed manoeuvring and navigation status time before the data arrival may be as much as 10 seconds e As the target data is updated by the transponder and the RADAR task is it displayed on the screen in accordance with the last received coordinates e There can be no dead reckoning of AIS targets with At anchor and Moored status TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Display of AIS Targets Turning AIS Functionality Off The RADAR task has a capability to fully turn off disable AIS functionality There are two ways to turn off AIS functionality e Automatic software disabling e Manual disabling Automatic Software Disabling Automatic disabling is connected with standard requirements whereunder the operation of AIS functionality is prohibited if at least one of the following conditions is fulfilled e there is no own ship course e there are no own ship coordinates e the ship speed is entered manually Manual Speed e STW Drift is used for COG SOG source e ERmode Echo Reference mode is used for COG SOG source AIS functionality is therefore disabled automatically if these conditions are existent The following controls become automatically disabled e AIS button e Association button e con
33. TER X 1 press the STBY button RNG RR _6 1 _NMI SLAVE X 2 TX TUNE gt EENE AUTO Press the button with the name of another scanner which this WS has a SLAVE status for SLAVE X 2 in this case RNG RR FI 6 1__ NMI MASTER X 1 TX TUNE lt s00 gt AUTO The PPI will display a radar picture from another scanner Setting Outgoing Pulse Length ATTENTION Switching of radar outgoing pulse length is available only at stations with the status MASTER Use the EA MA and buttons in the top right corner of the Display Panel to set the outgoing pulse length 18 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Radar Turning On Off and Initial Adjustment Note The setting of a certain outgoing pulse length depends on the current range scale Range Scales nm Available Pulse Lengths SP MP LP 0 25 0 5 0 75 1 5 3 x 6 xt 12 xX 24 x 48 xX XxX Xx X Xx x x x x Radar Receiver Tuning ATTENTION Radar receiver tuning is available only at stations with the status MASTER By using the El and Ef buttons of the RNG RR control in the top right corner of the Display Panel set the 12 nm range scale Switch off the Auto mode AUTO button depressed Use the fl and ka buttons in the top right corner of the Display Panel to obtain the maximum level of the TUNE indicator RNG RR _ 12 2 NMJF STBY MP i TUNE To turn
34. TRANSAS INS VERSION 1 11 002 RADAR Transas Ltd June 2007 2007 Transas Ltd All rights reserved The information contained herein is proprietary to Transas Ltd and shall not be duplicated in whole or in part The technical details contained in this manual are the best that are available at the date of issue but are subject to change without notice Transas Ltd pursues the policy of continuous development This may lead to the product described in this manual being different from the product delivered after its publication The names of actual companies and products mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners This document contains Preamble raiat feet haiti iee lair eit eas iat ale 3 AMNIMOLAUION ee a EE A TE O ETT 5 List bPDOMEmE oai eA A AAE A RAE E 5 Definitions and AbbreviationS eessseessssseeesrrasssrreetnnnetinnestennndtnnansannnnaetennsenanne 5 De TIMMONS eaa E EE EA EAE FEE AE 5 Listo Abbreviations assess sedi ee Bee 8 Printing House Conventions esrara rinitis a i eA AAA ORT 10 Chapter 1 User M nar ari esere aar na Ea a at aaaea tie steve cavatienes 11 Radar Task CONTOS 2 sccsigece sec a ss swede eaaa e AR ASEE T e AAT E AETR h 13 Radar User Interface Structure 00 ec cececeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeneeeeeeeaes 13 Control Panel raens an Heat baotecinca sheecatha set banitiara tthe 13 Keyone a A EE E 14 Radar Turning On Off and Initial AGjUStMENE eect ee eeeeeee
35. VRM values via ES3 keyboard By turning lt EBL gt and lt VRM gt knobs on ES3 keyboard set the required values of EBL and VRM Press on lt EBL gt or lt VRM gt knob to change between EBL VRM 1 and 2 To set EBL and VRM values in EBL VRM window Position the free cursor on EBL direction value input field and press the left trackball mouse button Rite 025 Nm oo Set the required EBL value by rolling trackball mouse or enter it from the keyboard Press the left trackball mouse button EBL will be set in the specified direction Position the free cursor on VRM input field and press the left trackball mouse button Set the required VRM value by rolling trackball mouse or enter it from the keyboard Press the left trackball mouse button VRM will be set at the specified radius ENN 2544 7 orrset To set EBL and VRM values with the cursor Position the free cursor Fa on EBL or VRM line The cursor will assume the following form iz in the process RNG RR 12 2 NMI GND STAB SEA STAB DATE 04 04 07 140 El Ea gt TIME 12 50 21 gt A S POSN 50 00 023 N 50 ER GPS1 00 21 510 W ga oD ES 5 aa z AIN CCRP Conning station 180 LRN JP No official chart ao g Chapter 1 User Manual 37 Handling Radar Press the left trackball mouse button The cursor will assume the form of a graphic cursor Move EBL or VRM in the required direction RNG RR _12 2 NM SEA STAB
36. adar contact e g because of the own ship roll or pitch As the mode is turned on there may be deterioration of the radar s discriminating capability echoes from targets in the adjacent radar resolution elements may merge To resolve such situations it is advisable to turn the mode off for taking a decision on the availability of one or several targets Where intensive uncompensated sea clutter is available at more than 4 by Beaufort scale the chaotic clutter level may grow in the radar PPI centre This kind of problem can be solved by increasing the sea clutter suppression level SEA control Chapter 2 Operating Principles 103 Radar Features 104 Radar Reflections and Beacons Reflectors are designed to give maximum return from radar transmissions and can be fitted to buoys to aid navigation to sundry features such as dangerous outcrops of rocks and to any hazard that would impair the navigation of a vessel Small boats may also have reflectors fitted to increase the boat s detection range Radar beacons produce a specific coded signal response when the radar transmission interrogates the beacon The reflected signal then gives precise echo paint on the PPI presentation Operation for SART Detection ATTENTION A Search and Rescue Transponder SART may be triggered by any X Band 3 cm radar within a range of approximately 8 nm It will not be seen on S Band 10 cm radar General Each radar p
37. an also display information on targets received from AIS and electronic charts under the ship position The RADAR task screen also displays information on the own ship The RADAR task screen consists of the Display Panel and Control Panel Diagrammatically the layout of panels can be shown as follows Display Panel This layout can t be changed by the operator at will Control Panel The Radar Control Panel consists of a number of windows Windows are displayed in the right hand part of the Radar screen and cannot be moved by the user to another place on the screen The Control Panel layout can be presented diagrammatically as shown below Sco comma aul GG TEM cHarT map SENS SOUNDER IE oi mE RvecT 6 Chapter 1 User Manual 13 Radar Task Controls Control panel contains Multi Panel window which is intended for displaying various kinds of data and the RADAR task control Multi Panel window includes 10 panels e TARGETS e Charts Routes e Brilliance e Index Lines e Trial TGT Simulator e Targets Information e Navigation e Interswitch e Radar Scanner e Exit The displays are selected from the list opened by pressing the button with the name of one of displays in the top part of the window Keyboard The RADAR task ES3 keyboard is intended for the information input and task control Depending on the purpose the keyboard can be conventionally divided as follows e PC c
38. angle 72 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Targets Press the left trackball mouse button to set the new position of the zone and to exit from the graphic cursor mode Position the free cursor on one of the arcs delimiting the guard zone LT As this is done the cursor will assume the following form EH Press the left trackball mouse button The cursor will assume the form of a graphic cursor Move the zone limit to the required distance Note Ifthe zone s closer limit crosses its farther limit in the process of zone shift they exchange their places Chapter 1 User Manual 73 Handling Targets 74 Press the left trackball mouse button to set the new zone position and exit from the graphic cursor mode Turning off Guard Zones To turn off a guard zone release the appropriate button on Acquisition page of TARGETS panel Handling AIS Targets Turning on off AIS Information Display To turn on the on PPI display of AIS information press the AIS button in the Control Panel s Sensors window M CHART MAP The PPI will display marks of AIS targets RNG RR 6 1__NMJ SEA STAB OH DATE 17 04 07 TIME 17 36 00 at POSN 51 07 738 N GPS1 02 08 952 E CCRP Conning station TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Targets Turning On Off AIS Target Vectors To activate an AIS target position the free cursor on it and press the right trackball
39. arget under it AIS target ARPA target 90 TRANSAS INS v 1 117 002 Radar Handling Cursors Free Cursor with Different Display Presentation With N Up and C Up presentation the Cursor window shows true bearing to the free cursor position on the PPI TBRG 235 2 CURSOR RNG 1355NM POSN LAT 49 52 166N LON 000 18 934 W_ With H Up presentation the Cursor window shows relative bearing to the free cursor position on the PPI RBRG 226 5 CURSOR RNG 017NM POSN LAT 50 00 106N LON 000 48 567 W Graphics Cursor functions and represents an intersection of a small orange cross A modification of the graphics cursor is an acquisition marker This auxiliary RADAR task tool represents a square orange coloured box with a dot in the centres and is used in various functions for the acquisition of objects displayed on the PPI To control the acquisition marker and obtain information on its position use the procedure similar to that detailed for the graphics cursor The graphics cursor is used during the operation of some of RADAR task ES As Info function is enabled by pressing Lil button on the Control Button Area the acquisition marker appears which can be positioned on the necessary object A press on the left trackball mouse button opens Info panel Chapter 2 Operating Principles 91 Radar Features RADAR FEATURES Radar Transceiver Mod
40. arms acknowledgement AIS Target in Guard Zone As an AIS targets gets into the GZ AIS Guard zone Target alarm is generated The AIS targets is automatically activated and starts flickering After the alarm acknowledgement the acoustic alarm is silenced the flickering stops Each new target causes to the alarm to be generated anew Selected Target In the absence of valid data and or with the invalid data available the data card of the selected AIS target displays No Data red coloured line in the relevant boxes Own Ship Data Targets Information Target 1 l Target 2 Multiple MMSI 273130512 m CPA 0 18 NM TCPA 1 MIN 29 SEC AIS Under way using engine HDG 010 0 ROT 0 MIN STB BRG 357 1 T CSE 010 0 RNG 0 4NM STW 15 0 KN LAT 50 00 432N e LON 000 52 877 W RCSE 333 4 RSPD 165KN Additional To check information transmitted by the own AIS transponder use the AIS VDL Data tab of AIS page on the TARGETS panel TARGETS m Acquisition Association AIS Source Int D GPS ure Status OK Latitude 50 01 092 N Longitude 000 59 656 E COG 340 0 SOG 10 0 kn HDG 345 0 ROT 12 m port Settings Als VDL Data The Source line specifies the source of the own ship coordinates used by the AIS transponder for the data transmission External Ext or transponder built in Int sources of coordinates can be
41. arts Routes __a2182a Autoload Chart autoloading is made under the ship position when the ship sails beyond the current chart boundaries Where it is necessary to use the chart which is not loaded automatically a special FIX function is provided This function is activated by selecting the necessary chart from the pull down list with the Autoload button depressed As this is done the chart autoloading is disabled and the required chart is loaded To the right of the Autoload button the word FIX is displayed After the ship symbol has passed the boundaries of the fixed current chart the autoloading mode will be turned on automatically Charts Rout 126 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Display of Chart Information Manual Chart Loading The manual method of chart loading requires the operator to select the charts him herself in the dropdown list on Charts page of Chart Routes panel Charts Routes E Charts Routes MAPS Safety depth 30 M Antiground alarm 0 MIN Chart Source LTRs To do this you should first turn off the Autoload button Information about Charts and Chart Objects General Chart Information For the prompt obtaining of general information on the vector chart which whose boundaries the cursor is currently located the RADAR task implements Info function To turn on the Info function use the p button the screen displays th
42. ation that the target association mode is turned ON ARPA target number bearing and distance from the own ship to the associated ARPA target are displayed If the mode is OFF Not Associated note is displayed On the PPI the selected target is displayed in a broken purple coloured square with number 1 To obtain information on the second target perform a similar procedure This target will be shown in a broken purple coloured square with number 2 HDG RNG RR 6 1__NMJ STW COG cps Pr y MASTER X 1 SOG GND STAB SEA STAB a0 DATE 06 04 07 TIME 12 59 56 POSN 51 06 557 N GPS1 01 25 077 E E cT CCRP Conning station EN el E amg Information on this target will be provided on the Target 2 page Targets Information Target 1 Target 2 l Multiple TGT 8 CPA 0 95 NM TCPA AOMIN1GSEC BRG 278 4 T RNG 5 9 NM IT SPD 23 9 KN TCSE 268 8 R CSE 269 2 R SPD 33 9 KN BCR 66 37 NM BCT 107 MIN 0 SEC Not Associated Chapter 1 User Manual 55 Handling Targets 56 To compare characteristics of the two targets open the Multiple page Targets Information 5i Target 1 l Target 2 Multiple TGT 12 8 SRC ARPA ARPA CPA 2 09 3 00 NM 15 2 MIN 35 51 SEC BRG 1136 3378 T RNG 53 32 NM TSPD 140 144 KN TCSE 3483 2683 BCR 287 174 43 NM 9 425 MIN 19 39 SEC
43. ave a capability to show upon the press on the DPTH Value button the numeric sounding values which are not included in any of the layer Conditions of Displaying Electronic Charts Electronic charts are not displayed unless the correct own ship coordinate values PSN and heading from the gyro HDG are available If this data disappears in a minute electronic charts stop to be displayed on the PPI and CHART button is locked With the electronic chart displayed on the PPI disagreement between the chart and radar picture caused by the ship turn is eliminated within one radar antenna revolution In RADAR task the radar picture is displayed on top of the electronic chart You can display an electronic chart on top of the radar picture as long as button is pressed on the display panel TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar
44. canner antenna in the absence of gyro heading the scanner antenna installation site GRAPHICAL INFO MAPS WGS84 information message displayed during the loading of the radar maps and signifying that they use WGS84 system No official chart information message displayed if an electronic chart under the ship position does not comply with ENC standard Depending on the positioning sensor status information is displayed in the following form Scanner Control In the absence or incorrect data from the positioning system the notation POSN is shown in the red colour In case of GPS work in PPS mode the prefix P is added before its name In case of GPS work in differential mode the prefix D is added before its name In case of loss of DGPS signal in the differential mode the letter D in the name of the mode is shown in the red colour and Prim diff mode lost warning is triggered off With the availability of ship position coordinates correction for the ENC the window displays corrected coordinates whereas in the window area there is a special symbol a red triangle DATE 22 03 07 TIME 11 07 25 POSN 49 59 984 N GPS1 00 10 521 E CCRP Conning station No official chart RNG RR I _ 61 NMI STBY The panel is intended for the scanner control The panel contains the following elements RNG RR to set display range scale value range rings see also chapter Chapter 2 sectio
45. ccccceeeeeeteeeeetteeeeettteeeeeee 112 Dangerous ARFA Targets sic c deeetinttisie E A 112 Vectors O ARPA TargolS eaea eae EE EEAS 112 Selected Target ond hisia ad ese ese i eee eee 113 Guard Zonesitc ata el ee ea 113 Past POSION neo Seta tetra oh ee i a 114 Trial ManO uVIe ice adie dai ae Aeshna nde 115 simulator Targets tees isang fe E EEA REAA 119 Display ot AIS Targets eeii R AA aut EER A td TA 120 General mMiormatio isee a A ERA 120 Display and Naming of AIS Targets 0 ccceceeieeeeeeeeeeeeeteteeeeeeeneeeeee 121 AIS Target Symbol Types Orientation neern 121 Activated and Non Activated AIS Targets 0 c cccscceessteeeeesteeeeeees 122 Dangerous AIS Targets 4 0 hiietiterges deat taaeee edible etd taeedenea cat 122 AIS Target in Guard Zone 0 0 eecceeceeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeenaeeeeeenaeeeeeneaas 123 selected Target cs cote ache a id Ade lela denne 123 Own Ship DI i ee EEA E A E A E lagers te 123 Trial Manoeuvre for AIS Targets eeeessriecesrnesesrrnerirneserrrraarenneseennsas 124 Associating AIS and ARPA Targets ccceesseceeeseneeeeeenteeeeeeenaeeeeneaas 124 DR Mode of AIS Targets sniiesnirieirneririirri iirin iii 124 Turning AIS Functionality Off occ eeeeneeeeeeneeeeeeceeeeeenaeeeeeneaas 125 Display of Chart Information ceececeeeeteeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseaeeeeeteaeeeesenaeeeeseaas 126 Ghart LOadING arneo ereina riina teen ae eel tons 126 Information about Charts and Chart Objects 0
46. chart E gt Open the Charts Routes panel by selecting the appropriate menu item in the Control Panel s Multi Panel window pa ARGETS 1 TARGETS Brilliance Index Lines TRIALITGT Simulator Targets Information Navigation Interswitch Radar Scanner Exit Chapter 1 User Manual 79 Handling Charts On the Charts Routes panel open the Charts page ice Enc a828 Autoload Al Layers _Std Display Charts page is intended for the control of chart information display The panel contains the following elements e Safety depth to enter the safety depth value e Antiground alarm to enable and enter the advance time for an alarm generated upon the approach to the safety contour e Chart Source to select the displayed electronic charts format TRS or ENC The availability of a relevant button depends on the installed license e Chart number to call a menu with a list of charts under the ship position for chart selection The button shows the current chart number e Autoload to turn on the function for the automatic loading of charts see chapter Chapter 2 section Display of Chart Information paragraph Chart Loading There is an indicator to the right of the button ON the function is turned on OFF the function is turned off e Chart display mode to call a menu with a list of chart display modes The button shows the
47. control and buttons in the top right corner of the Display Panel set the necessary range scale RNG RR _24 4__NM _ As the and buttons are pressed the range scale successively decrements increments respectively by one unit In the NR4000 the following range scales can be set 0 25 mile 0 5 mile 0 75 mile 1 5 mile 3 miles 6 miles 12 miles 24 miles 48 miles The default setting is 6 mile range scale Note The actually covered radar range is 1 2 larger than the set range scale which ensures high quality display in TM and OFFCENT modes With the use of ES3 keyboard to switch between range scales use the lt ZOOM IN gt and lt ZOOM OUT gt buttons To Set Motion Mode To select the ship symbol motion mode press the appropriate button in the Display Panel control button group e to select the relative motion mode aw e to select the true motion mode m With the use of ES3 keyboard to set the required motion mode press successively lt TM RM gt button Chapter 1 User Manual 29 Handling Radar To Set Radar Picture Orientation Set the radar picture orientation by pressing the appropriate button in the Display Panel control button group e for north up orientation So x Sz e for head up orientation possible in the relative motion mode only e for course up orientation as of the moment when the mode is turned on Note As the orientation is switched the radar picture on the PPI chang
48. course value The values of these parameters are displayed dynamically on the appropriate boxes on the control panel After a press on the Show button the PPI displays the expected motion line true or relative in accordance with selected mode of vectors displaying of the own ship and of the targets ARPA and AIS RNG RR 310 5 NMI SEA STAB o VIDEO 17 04 07 a Ea gt See a ac ag AN can I inact 130 IMRAN IP Conning station lt a gt The bottom part of the PPI displays a flashing white T letter For the own ship the EML is divided with dashes each of them standing for a distance covered in one minute and six minute intervals being marked with a notch whilst the manoeuvre delay time is shown with digits in the intended manoeuvre start point The EML of targets is divided into minutes only TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Display of ARPA Targets The conjectured own ship track and targets EMLs shown in different colours depending on the availability of a dangerous approach to other vessels In this case e green segments show that no dangerous approach is expected e red segments show that an approach is expected at a distance which is less that the set CPA and TCPA values In the speed manoeuvre calculations it is assumed that the main engine operating mode at the manoeuvre start moment Delay parameter will be set in the position selected in the Set SPD window and that as the
49. ctors are normally displayed in the current motion mode true or relative but it is possible to display relative vectors in true motion and vice versa by changing the vector mode in the Vectors window Pre calculated motion vectors can be displayed in all the motion indication and display presentation modes TRANSAS INS v 1 117 002 Radar Display of ARPA Targets The display of vectors forecasting motion of the own ship and all the acquired targets Vectors of ARPA targets are displayed automatically for all the acquired targets if a non zero value is set Each minute notch divisible by 6 on the own ship and target vectors is shown in the bold type With the selection of true motion vectors the own ship and targets motion relative to the water or ground is shown If relative motion vectors are selected the targets motion is shown relative to the own ship whereas the own ship motion vector is not displayed Vectors are shown in yellow colour when the yellow radar overlay is selected the vectors are displayed in the green colour Vectors of dangerous targets are shown in the red colour Selected Target Selected current target is that target which the current information is displayed in Target Information panel Only two targets can be selected at each individual moment of time The target stops to be selected current if e the target is lost e the user has selected activated another the third target
50. current mode Color to turn on coloured display of chart objects with the infill of shore territory and dangerous depths Gray to turn on display of chart objects in different shades of the grey colour with infill of shore territory and dangerous depths Color transparency to turn on colour display of chart object contours only Gray transparency to turn on grey coloured display of chart object contours only e Layers to turn on the display of different chart objects see chapter Chapter 2 section Display of Chart Information paragraph Layers Control DPTH Value to turn on digital values of depths for ENC format charts only TSS to turn on display of traffic separation schemes SAF CON to turn on display of depth contours Abovewater to turn on display of surface objects Coast to turn on display of coastline Underwater to turn on display of submerged objects e All Layers to turn on the display of all the objects e Std Display to turn on the display of objects included in the standard display 80 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Charts On the Charts page press one of Chart source buttons e TRS to select TX 97 format charts TRS e ENC to select S 57 format charts Chart Selection Open the Charts Routes panel by selecting the appropriate menu item in the Control Panel s Multi Panel window Charts
51. d Guard Zones On the TARGETS panel open Acquisition page and press the Guard Zone 1 and or Guard Zone 2 button RNG RR 6 1__NMI GND STAB SEA STAB DATE 17 04 07 TIME 17 12 18 210 POSN 51 06 768 N GPS1 02 02 859 E gal GAIN E i i E lt W Ran IE CCRP Conning station a EN JEJ g gt At the same time Guard zone target warning will be triggered off 70 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Targets Acknowledge this alarm After the processing targets will be displayed in the form of yellow coloured circles with pre calculated motion vectors Setting Guard Zone Limits Position the free cursor on the left hand boundary of the guard zone LT As his is done the cursor will assume the following form ET Press the left trackball mouse button The cursor will assume the form of a graphic cursor Chapter 1 User Manual 71 Handling Targets Move the ring shaped zone along the circle relative to the own ship symbol in the required direction Press the left trackball mouse button to set the new position of the zone and to exit from the graphic cursor mode Position the free cursor on the right hand boundary of the guard zone LT As this is done the cursor will assume the following form EH Press the left trackball mouse button The cursor will assume the form of a graphic cursor Move the right hand limit of the ring shaped zone setting the necessary coverage
52. ded map name Raper bank J Unload MAP Select the Unload Chart line and press the left trackball mouse button Handling Routes Obtaining Information about Monitored Route Open the Charts Routes panel by selecting the appropriate menu item in the Control Panel s Multi Panel window Charts Routes h Open the Routes page If monitored route selected in ECDIS task see document TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 ECDIS User Manual chapter in the Navigation Tasks section under Loading of Route and Schedule in the Navigation Mode its name displayed on Routes page Chapter 1 User Manual 49 Handling Radar Turning on Route Display To display the selected monitored route on the PPI press the button in the Display Panel button group RNG RR _ 614 mg GND STAB SEA STAB VIDEO A DATE 29 oz E gt TIME 12 08 27 Ik Bj POSN gt 32 856 N eps1 01 51 695 E Emam CCRP Conning station The PPI will display the route see also Chapter 2 in the Radar Features section under Route Loading and Display SART Operation Using Radar Task As a SART signal is detected on the PPI use the RNG RR control and buttons in the top right corner of Display Panel to set 6 or 12 nm range scale RNG RR L 61 NM f Switch off the Auto mode the AUTO button is depressed Use the and ka buttons in the top right corner of the Display Panel to obtain the clearest pos
53. e Info panel which shows all the necessary information To turn off the Info function use the right trackball button the Close button on the Info panel or open another panel For ENC format charts information on the edition number and date coordinate offset the latest correction date and source of editions country is displayed For TX 97 format charts information on the on the edition number and date coordinate offset the latest correction date is displayed along with data on the source of the paper which the vector electronic chart was made from ENC format charts TX 97 format charts j E General info to top Transas Presentation Library ed 3 3 March chart to top i 2004 Producing Agency Code GB A2 656 Hydrographic Office General Chart Information Producing Country Code GB UK Explanatory and Cautionary notes Compilation scale 1 325000 Edition Number 12 Update General Number 0 Chart to top Issue Date 16 Dec 2003 D Information Horizontal Datum WGS 84 42656 TRANSAS WOS Vertical Datum Mean high water MARINE SENC z springs Ver 6 0 Verified Ait Sounding Datum Approximate Edition 06 2001 00 lowest astronomical tide Small corrections 00 000 Depth Units metres 18 08 2005 Alon Height Units metres through NM Ba Sounding Accuracy 0 33 2005 i oea n 0 x Projection 10m Unmark Close Unmark Close Chapter 2 Operating Principles 127 Display of Chart In
54. e Errors When responses from only the 12 slow frequency sweeps are visible when the SART is at a range greater than about 1 nm the position at which the first dot is displayed may be as much as 0 64 nm beyond the true position of the SART When the range closes so that the fast sweep responses are seen also the first of these will be no more than 150 metres beyond the true position Radar Bandwidth This is normally matched to the radar pulse length and is usually switched with the range scale and the associated pulse length Narrow bandwidths of 3 5 MHz are used with long pulses on long range scales and wide bandwidths of 10 25 MHz with short pulses on short ranges A radar bandwidth of less than 5 MHz will attenuate the SART signal slightly so it is preferable to use a medium bandwidth to ensure optimum detection of the SART Radar Ghost Echoes As the SART is approached side lobes from the radar antenna may show the SART responses as a series of arcs or concentric rings These can be removed by the use of the anti clutter sea control although it may be operationally useful to observe the ghost echoes as they may be easier to detect in clutter conditions and also they will confirm that the SART is near to own ship Detuning the Radar To increase the visibility of the SART in clutter conditions the radar may be detuned to reduce the clutter without reducing the SART response Radar with automatic frequency control may not permit
55. e GPS signal can be received from any direction To achieve the best possible result the antenna should be installed in the area with the largest open sky fragment up to the horizon Remember that metal surfaces block the signal Powerful transmitters especially in the microwave band may corrupt the GPS signal During the antenna installation it is necessary as far as practically possible to avoid the areas where there is focused microwave transmission or places close to the powerful radars transmitting on the radio frequencies close to the values divisible by the L1 signal frequency 1575 MHz Operating mode It should be noted that when the GPS operates in the differential mode its standard accuracy is lt 5 metres whereas in the ordinary mode it is lt 20 metres Satellite constellation in use It should be noted that in the polar areas gt 80 degrees the positioning system accuracy might deteriorate due to the low elevation of satellites in the constellation in use Positioning errors should be corrected with the aid of the Position Offset see document TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 ECDIS chapter User Manual paragraph Navigation Tasks item Setting Position Sources Chapter 2 Operating Principles 129 Display of Chart Information 130 Accuracy of selecting position of the GPS Conning station Scanner antenna in the System Configuration utility With the incorrectly selected relative coordinates of the
56. e display of the lost target is stopped Display and Naming of ARPA Targets Symbols of ARPA targets are displayed on the PPI in accordance with the following rules e acquired targets are shown in the form of a dashed square e steadily tracked targets are shown as yellow coloured circles when the yellow radar overlay is selected these targets are displayed in the green colour e alost target is shown as a red coloured flashing diamond S An acquired target is automatically given an ID number The numbering starts with 1 Every new target is given the next number the maximum is 100 If a target is lost some unoccupied numbers appear which are then not assigned to new targets until the maximum number is reached Dangerous ARPA Targets Considered dangerous are CPA TCPA values which are simultaneously equal to or smaller than safe CPA TCPA value set by the user on ARPA panel As a dangerous target appears CPA TCPA alarm is triggered off The symbol of a dangerous target is a red coloured equilateral triangle with Le an apex to the top The symbol of the dangerous target is flashing until CPA TCPA alarm is acknowledged Vectors of ARPA Targets Vectors indicates the projected direction and speed of a tracked target The end of the target vector represents where that target will be in n minutes where n represents the vector time set in the Vectors window if the target holds current speed and course Ve
57. ed background see picture below is just visible on the screen For the operation in standard conditions Gain level should be set in the middle position TE In this case the radar picture will look as follows If the setting is too high a poor quality picture masked by excessive noise results If set too low it may result in the loss of weak targets and a reduction in the detection range If a very high Gain level is set some ghost echoes may appear on the PPI Chapter 2 Operating Principles 99 Radar Features 100 In conditions of high precipitation rain hail or snow a reduction of the Gain level reduces clutter and produces a clear picture Sea The sea control is an adjustment that reduced the sea clutter returns Maximum attenuation takes place at zero range decreasing until no reduction of signals or clutter occurs up to range about 4 miles If a very low Sea level is set some ghost echoes may appear on the PPI The correct setting for the sea control under any given weather condition is only obtained by experience If a setting is too high it may result in the loss of close range echoes ATTENTION Never set the control to clear all clutter but leave a light speckle of sea returns to indicate optimum sensitivity within the clutter field Rain The Rain control reduces clutter from rain snow and hail The Rain facility also provides attenuation of sea clutter though racon resp
58. ed A second press on Drop button cancels the recording of parameters de Set SPD ad The RADAR task has an alternative mode for entering the intended manoeuvre parameters by using the trackball Press Play button As this is done Show button will be pressed automatically and values of the own ship new course and time to the manoeuvre start can be edited with the trackball straight on the PPI Chapter 1 User Manual 59 Handling Targets m Loaded STS a oso AKEKE ESI d Play J Drop Show By rolling the trackball horizontally set the next course Roll the trackball vertically to set the delay time before the start of the turn The expected ship motion time is shown dynamically on the PPI The PPI displays the own ship motion line with parameters of the intended manoeuvre and the targets motion lines changed to assume the value set in Trial line box The bottom part of the PPI displays a flashing white T letter RNG RR _12 2 _NM GND STAB SEA STAB 5 VIDEO DATE 17 04 07 Su Ee EMF TME 15 45 42 Kd Gest 01 s9 12E can 11 CCRP Conning station 180 I MELRAN I lt a gt To accept the manoeuvre press the left trackball button The expected ship motion line will be attached to the PPI and Drop button will be automatically pressed on Trial Manoeuvre page To exit from the Trial Manoeuvre mode release Show button or switch to another panel except for the Targ
59. ed by the positioning system used by the transponder e COG value of course over the ground supplied by the positioning system used by the transponder e SOG value of speed over the ground supplied by the positioning system used by the transponder e HDG heading value supplied to the transponder by the course detection gyro system e ROT values of direction and rate of turn supplied to the transponder via the Rate of Turn sensor or a value calculated from the heading alteration Turning on Mode of Associating AIS and ARPA Targets Open the TARGETS panel by selecting the appropriate menu item in the Control Panel s Multi Panel window TARGETS R On the TARGETS panel open the Association page 76 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Targets The AIS button is pressed by default so the AIS targets will be displayed after the association To display ARPA targets after the association press the ARPA button In the Course divergence input box set the limit value of AIS and ARPA target course divergence and the limit value for the divergence distance between them in the Distance divergence box Press the Association button als K CE Association If the course COG and distance divergence between the associated targets is within the set limits the ARPA target continues to be tracked but is not displayed on the PPI any more The data card of such AIS targe
60. eeeeteeeeeeeaaeees 16 Turning the Radar Task ON esaerea iai 16 Initial Radar AdjUStMENt 00 2 eect ceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneaeeeteeeaeeeteneaaeeeeeeeaeees 18 Transfer Of Rights estosen ioaea lagi eee ech elite av land neve ollie a LAEE ARAN 22 Turning the RADAR Task Off c cies erties ee tiieeeeeeteeeereeeeereaa 23 Handling Radar ceee aaie n on raaraa Er na Tia a A 24 Obtaining of Navigational Information in the Radar Task 24 Display ACGjUStment anoa REA TE E EEE AA ERTE 28 Adjustment of Plan Position Indicator cccceeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeees 29 Use of Radar Task Tools 0 ecccccccceeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeenaeeeeeeneeeeeenaeeeeeeaes 34 Setting of Stabilisation MOdES 0 00 0 ecececeeeeeeeteeeee settee eetteeeeeeneeeeeeeaaes 45 Setting Video Signal Accumulation Level cceeeeeeeeeeteeeeeenteeeeeeeaes 46 Turning on Interference Rejection ccececeeeeeeeeeieeeeeteieeeeetneeeeeeeee 46 Turning on the Enhanced Video Mode cceeecccceeeeeeeeeeeesteeeeeteteeeeeeaas 46 To Handle Echo Trails a aa E edge sae eae dee ate ta eee 46 RadatiMaps ii iicivcete id r a a a eh eta tae 47 Handling Routes a oar eee ant ee Sten etl 49 SART Operation Using Radar Task 0 cccceseseeeeeseneeeeenieeeeeeeseeeeeeaes 50 Handling Targets 1 iiccicivsecten aieceeticaciiesed a niania Ee iiaei an EEE EEE 51 Generals ont tiated elie eagles d eat eee ei 51 Handling ARPA Targets cccccceeseeeceeneeeeseenieeeeeeaaeeeeeen
61. eeeseenaeeeeeeaes 66 Handling AIS Targets ronek drier iiaeiai ieaie 74 Handling CHAS eana Ea E EEEN AT O EE Adee ee 79 To Turn on Chart DISHI eao a EA E AEAEE 79 Chart Selection eocenie aa E E ETE 81 Turning on Display of Different Chart Objects 00 ei eeeeeeeeeteeeeeeee 82 Turning on the ENC Display on Top of the Radar Picture 08 85 Obtaining Information on Chart Objects ccc eeeeeeeeeeteeeeeenteeeeeeeaes 85 Turning off Chart Display ariin etter erties ee eita ARR i a 86 Chapter 2 Operating Principles cccceeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeseeeseeaeeeseeeeesenseeaneeeeeeens 87 FlandlinG Curso cenae E E E EE badtieweatideaste 89 Free CUrSORs iognaa EE EE 89 Graphics CUrsOfis s ei eia a e ae a e aaa aa a aaa aaa aia 91 Radar Fealttires orian EEA 92 Radar Transceiver ModeS ssssssriesisrrssrirrissrrasrinsesttnnnadnnnanntennaannnnna 92 Processing of Radar Signals in RADAR Task seeen 93 Display Brilliance Adjustment eesseeeseeeeresseerrseerrsstirrssrtrrssrrrnrssrrenne 93 Overlay Coloul vic ada dndeiiiein ac ade EEN EENAA Aa EA E aa 94 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar 3 4 Radar Transceiver AdjUStMeNt 0 cece eeeteeeeeeeeneeeeeeeneeeeeeeaeeeeeeneeeeeeeaas 94 Stabilisation MOCES arniarna A TA AEN 96 Ownship Presentation Modes c cccceceeeeeeeeceeceeeeeeeseeeetnieeeeeeeeeeees 96 Ownship Motion Modes ccccccseceecceceeeeeeeeeececeaeeeeeeeeeseceiaeeeeeeeeeeens 9
62. en temporarily lost or which has a poorly defined radar aspect in so much that the target does not have tracking ability Course Up Display An azimuth stabilised display in which a line connecting the centre of own ship with the top of the display is own ship s intended course CPA TCPA Closest point of approach CPA and time to closest point of approach TCPA limit as defined by the observer to give warning when a tracked target or targets will close to within these limits from own ship Detection Identification of a target in the presence of noise and clutter Preamble 5 Definitions and Abbreviations 6 Echo Reference A facility for indicating that a particular fixed navigational mark which is being tracked is to be used as a ground stabilised reference ERBL An electronic range and bearing line used to measure bearings and or ranges Ground Stabilisation A mode of display whereby own ship and all targets are referenced to the ground using ground track or set and drift inputs Guard Zone A zone in which an alarm is given when a target is detected Heading The direction in which the bows of a ship are pointing expressed as an angular displacement from north History Equally time spaced past position of a target which is being tracked The history may be relative or true Lost Target The name associated with a target that is no longer being tracked having become lost or obscured Map Lines Navigati
63. es ATTENTION Switching of radar transceiver modes is available only at stations with the status MASTER Standby This is default condition of the radar at switch on No radar information is displayed and antenna is not rotation STBY button in the Display Panel is pressed ES STBY The PPI displays the word STANDBY and the magnetron operation time RNG RR _3 05 NM MASTER X 2 BETTA mA H GND STAB w SEA STAB ao RELATIVE TRAILS TGT Past position J None J z None r J __Radar Scanner p Overiay _creen Radar Settings PM Settings I PM ___ Diagnostics BRG DIST OFFSET Service Panel STANDBY Magnetron time 00000 HR LON 3130 R OFFSET DATE 29 08 06 vo gt 025 NM Oo TIME 07 03 58 A NAg BL2 3130 R oFFsET POSN 54 30 364 N GAIN E GPS2 12 10 590 E i El a CCRP Conning station a kL Ran e No official chart o In the Standby mode the ARPA button is automatically turned off The CHART and AIS buttons may remain turned on pertinent information displayed on the PPI Run This is active condition of the radar The antenna is rotating and the received radar information is displayed on the PPI TX button in the Display Panel is pressed x 92 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Radar Features Processing of Radar Signals in RADAR Task
64. es automatically within one antenna revolution With the use of ES3 keyboard to set the necessary display orientation press successively lt N C H UP gt button To Set PPI Off Centering To set the scan off centring relative to the PPI centre press button E in the Display Panel control button group HDG RNG RR _12 2 _NM STW coG 4 MASTER X 1 SOG SEA STAB 7 VIDEO DATE 04 04 07 x Ear nee TE 59 987 N Bee GPS1 00 51 876 W l SN IP CCRP Conning station 2 el me No official chart CEE IP A graphic cursor will appear In the PPI centre Use the trackball mouse or place the graphic cursor on the point where the scan centre should be shifted ATTENTION The scan center offset is possible within 2 3 of the set range scale only On the PPI this zone is delineated with blue coloured dashed circle 30 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Radar RNG RR _ 12 2 _ NMI SEA STAB DATE 04 04 07 TIME 10 55 01 POSN 49 59 987 N GPS1 00 51 414 W CCRP Conning station No official chart Press the left trackball mouse button the display will be redrawn around the new scan centre RNG RR 12 2 _ NMI SEA STAB DATE 04 04 07 TIME 10 55 30 POSN 49 59 987 N A ga T GPS1 00 51 286 W gt 0 E a CCRP Conning station No official chart KEE IP To cancel the shifting of the scan centre in the relative motion mode press E button again Chapter 1
65. et Information panel In this case all settings will be saved 60 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Targets If in the course of a Trial Manoeuvre in approaching a certain target the CPA value assumes a value smaller than those set in the Safety Parameters window the corresponding segments of the own ship and target motion line will turn red Simulator ARPA Targets Open the TRIAL TGT Simulator panel by selecting the appropriate menu item in the Control Panel s Multi Panel window L TARGETS M TARGETS Charts Routes Brilliance Index Lines TRIALITGT Simulator X Targets Information Navigation Interswitch Radar Scanner Exit Use the tab in the top part of TRIAL TGT Simulator panel which will open up to switch to the TGT Simulator page TRIALITGT Simulator gt Trial Manoeuvre TGT Simulator Add Target Cancel Target Edit Target Cancel All Chapter 1 User Manual 61 Handling Targets Setting Training Targets Press the Add Target button on the TGT Simulator page An acquisition marker will appear on the PPI Move the acquisition marker to the simulator target position RNG RR 3 0 5 _NM GND STAB SEA STAB DATE 06 04 07 gt gt m 140 TIME 13 44 48 POSN 51 06 556 N 4 s GPS1 01 36 991 E L a Zma ea ES ra e CCRP Conning station Press the left trackball button By rolling
66. eturns from its own transmitter Conversely a detuned receiver will receive very weak or no radar returns at all from its own transmitter This feature is very useful for distinguishing between radar returns and SART transmissions A detuned receiver will still receive SART transmissions even though its own transmitter s radar returns are not being received This will have the effect of removing all radar from the display expect SART responses Chapter 2 Operating Principles 95 Radar Features 96 Stabilisation Modes Sea stabilised mode data display mode whereby positions of the own ship and all the targets on the screen are stabilised relative to the water In this case the own ship s gyro heading HDG or CSE and speed from the relative log LOG or water track from Doppler log DLOG are used Ground stabilised mode data display mode whereby positions of the own ship and all the targets on the screen are stabilised relative to the ground In this case the system uses the own ship course COG and speed SOG over the ground obtained from the relevant sensors own ship course and speed over the ground obtained with the use of reference points or the own ship course CMG and speed SMG made good calculated from the readings of course and speed through water sensors the manual drift input taken into account To switch stabilisation mode use SEA STAB and GND STAB buttons in the top left corner of the display panel Note
67. f the radar antenna sweep over it does not transmit radar This is commonly used to prevent the antenna from transmitting into a ship s superstructure or funnel to prevent radar reflections In RADAR task it is possible to set two sectors where the radar transmission is turned off The position and width of these sectors are set and the use of this functionality started on Radar Scanner panel On the PPI blank sectors are delineated with dotted green coloured lines RNG RR 310 5 NMI TX BE SEA STAB DATE 29 08 06 TIME 08 46 21 POSN 54 43 164 N UNK2 12 34 293 E CCRP Conning station If the set sectors are intersecting the PPI shows one summary sector 110 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Display of ARPA Targets Radar Maps Radar Maps Display As radar maps are used user charts created and saved in ECDIS task The radar maps are displayed if loaded and if their display is enabled Radar and electronic charts cannot be simultaneously displayed on the PPI so with the electronic chart display ON the switching on of radar maps is locked On the PPI they are shown as a transparent layer with radar map objects plotted onto it This layer is superimposed on top of the radar information Conditions of Displaying Radar Maps Radar maps are not displayed unless the correct own ship coordinate values PSN and heading from the gyro HDG are available If this data disappears in minute radar
68. formation 128 Information on Chart Objects A large number of chart objects on small screen area does not allow the display of all their associated information With the use of Info function a free cursor for performing acquisition function appears in the chart area A press on the left trackball mouse button in the bottom part of the screen opens up Info panel which displays available information on the acquired objects both in text and graphic form Objects are acquired by using the following procedures e point type object lighthouse buoy i information sign etc position the marker so that the object is within its box e line or area recommended route cables oil pipelines traffic separation lines areas etc position the marker on any line segment e displayed chart position the marker on any chart point Information panel displays a list of acquired objects To view the data selected the required object from the list Info d 4 Transas chart A2656 fi Transas chart to top A2656 Recommended direction of traffic flow Pilot boarding place or station General Chart Information Explanatory and Cautionary notes Recommended direction of to top traffic flow Pilot boarding place or to top station g Unmark Close With the use of ENC format charts point type objects are marked with a circle if Highlight function is selected on Info
69. g a fixed echo echo reference or from a navigation sensor Echoes from land and all other stationary targets are presented as fixed objects i e without trails Moving targets generate true trails representing their Course Over Ground and Speed Over Ground A disadvantage of the TM presentation mode is that the radar display range ahead of ownship decreases as ownship moves across the display The display has to be reset either automatically when ownship reaches two thirds of display radius or manually as required With TM selected target trails may be selected or not as required With Sea Stabilisation trails attached to fixed targets give a direct indication of tide or current set and rate experienced by ownship Chapter 2 Operating Principles 97 Radar Features Radar Task Operation Modes Availability Table Provided below is a table specifying availability of different RADAR task operating modes depending on the availability of sensors 5 u q 2 lt no Sensor S5 5 18315 9 s lsa 2 a a 5 antares a id lt availability Ir z o ee g PN g E 5 1J Sj e i None X X HDG X X X X STW X X HDG STW xX X X X xX x xX HDG xX X X x x COG SOG HDG STW X X X X X X xX xX xX x COG SOG HDG POS xX X Xx x x x X HDG POS X X X xX x x X x x x x STW HDG POS X X x x xX x x
70. he bottom part of the display Lines with such parameters are not displayed on the chart panel Until the Drop button is pressed the own ship EML is moving on the PPI together with the own ship mark After a press on the button the manoeuvre is recorded and the EML is linked to the PPI As the ship is moving the number of minutes to the2turn decreases Last minute before manoeuvre commence is displayed on PPI to tenths of a minute As this occurs the total length of the line remains equal to that set by the operator on TRIAL TGT Simulator panel If some manoeuvre parameters are changed in the Drop mode the mode is turned off 118 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Display of ARPA Targets Simulator Targets The NR4000 provides a capability to set up to 10 simulator targets on the TGT Simulator page of the TRIAL TGT Simulator panel If at least one such target is set the bottom part of the PPI displays a flashing white X letter RNG RR 310 5 _NM GND STAB SEA STAB DATE 06 04 07 TIME 13 46 01 POSN 51 06 556 N gt GPS1 01 37 312 E 200 sk a Z0 B E a gt CCRP Conning station Chapter 2 Operating Principles 119 Display of AIS Targets 120 DISPLAY OF AIS TARGETS General Information The INS processes and displays Vessels class A amp B type AIS targets only VDM 1 2 3 5 18 19 sentences information on these targets is received by the AIS transponder with
71. he moment they are first displayed on the screen Sleeping targets are displayed in the form of an appropriate symbol without vectors Any displayed AIS target can be activated by the user The target is considered to be activated until e itis deactivated manually by the user e itis lost in this case if new data on the lost target arrived before its deleting the target is considered to be active again Active AIS targets are displayed as an appropriate symbol and vectors Vectors are not displayed unless there is relevant valid data HDG vector is displayed with a grey coloured solid line of a fixed length In the relative vector mode HDG vector is not displayed as this occurs the ship symbol contour keeps being oriented along the HDG if it is valid At the end of the HDG vector there is a ROT mark which shows the actual direction of the AIS target turn if the data on this target is available The COG CSE SOG vector is shown with a dashed line whose length depends on the selected vector length value in minutes In the Sea Stabilisation mode the PPI displays CSE STW vectors of the targets and own ship whereas in the Ground Stabilisation mode COG SOG vectors Depending on the selected mode true and relative vectors can be shown When an AIS target is shown as a ship contour vectors originate from its AIS antenna fixing point ABCD parameters The previously activated target can be switched to sleeping non active stat
72. high speeds or targets on small scales it is necessary to set a smaller accumulation coefficient to avoid false echoes Also at high speed gt 10 knots or agile manoeuvrability of the own vessel accumulation has to be set to the minimal coefficient Chapter 2 Operating Principles 101 Radar Features Interference Rejection If the ship radar is operating within the operating range of other radars some characteristic interference appears on the PPI Signal correlation is used to reduce radar interference interference rejection Consecutive transmissions are compared and only signals present on both transmissions are painted Interference from other radars is suppressed and receiver noise reduced In RADAR task such interference is eliminated by changing the trigger pulse frequency for the disparity with other radars by pressing IR button Ghost Echoes The proportion of transmitted energy reflected off obstructions may be directed towards a real target causing a ghost echo side lobe of the real target to appear on the bearing at which the antenna is pointing The ghost echo will appear to be a real target and behave in the same way Ghost Target a Sii ane N N N N N N N Obstruction N XN j Common Target Radius 1 I l i Rotating I Antenna i g 4 4 Real Pd Target However because the antenna is not directed at the real target
73. ightness of all the PPI objects General does not allow full suppression of the display This can be done by adjusting brightness of each individual object Targets Rings ERBL GZ Infill and Objects Radar Setup in the Absence of Targets By using the RNGIRR control Ell and El buttons of in the top right corner of the Display Panel set the 24 nm range scale To switch the scanner to the transmission mode press the TX TX STBY button in the top right corner of the Display Panel Switch on the performance monitor by using switch S1 of APM 030 unit Ss Switch ON the button m Ts A Wait at least 30 minutes for the temperature to become stabilised After this period keep adjusting slowly the radar TUNE control until the 4 markers produced by the performance monitor are shown on the radar display unit Use the if and ka buttons the right bottom corner of the Display Panel at the edges of the RAIN and SEA indicators to set the zero level Use similar buttons at the edges of the GAIN indicator to achieve the maximum clarity of the noise arcs display nv i gt RC RAN E k sa je Use the TUNE Bal and Kal buttons in the top right corner of the Display Panel to adjust all 4 arcs until the most distinct presentation is obtained y _ RNG RR _24 4 NM IF Y LP GND STAB Ge TUNE 310 Sa Kene CCRP Conning statio GRAPHICAL INFO MAPS WGS84 Chapter 1 User Manual 21 Radar Tur
74. ilised In the RM mode ownship is maintained at a selected point on the display and the motion of all echoes is shown relative to ownship This is indicated by the Trails if turned on Relative Motion Sea Stabilised In this mode ownship is maintained at a selected point on the radar screen The advantage of RM is that a constant range ahead of ownship is maintained and it is not necessary to reset the display as in TM Relative Motion Ground Stabilised In this mode the position of ownship remains at a preselected position on the screen With inputs derived either from a navigation sensor or from tracking a fixed echo echo reference echoes from stationary targets move on the screen relative to ownship True Motion True Motion TM is available with North Up or Course Up presentation on all ranges True Motion Sea Stabilised Ownship moves across the radar picture according to the inputs of heading derived from the compass and speed through the water derived from the log or manually estimated Echoes from land and all other stationary targets are presented as objects which are steady except for the movement due to tide or current experienced by ownship Moving targets generate Trails representing their True heading and speed but modified by the tide or current effects referred to above True Motion Ground Stabilised Ownship moves across the radar picture according to the inputs derived either from trackin
75. ing whereas in the window area there is a special symbol a red triangle GND STAB SEA STAB To turn on display stabilisation mode use the following buttons which are lighted when ON e GND STAB ground stabilisation mode e SEA STAB water stabilisation mode For the data display principles see document TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Data Time Own Ship Coordinates and CCRP DATE 22 03 07 TIME 11 05 38 POSN 49 59 985 N GPS1 00 56 238 W CCRP Conning station No official chart The panel displays the following parameters e DATE current date in dd mm yy format e TIME current time in hh mm ss format e POSN current own ship coordinates for the data display principles see document TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION e GPS name of source of coordinate GPS DGPS LRNC PGPS UNK DUNK P UNK GLO GNSS Handling Radar Chapter 1 User Manual 25 Handling Radar CCRP place on the ship which the PPI centre is referenced to see the Chapter 2 in the Radar Features section under Radar Picture Referencing set on the Own Ship page of the System Configuration utility during the installation see document TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 INSTALLATION GUIDE chapter System Settings section Transas INS Configuration paragraph INS Settings Conning station PPI installation site which the ship is controlled from set by default S
76. ll assume the following form RNG RR 6 1__NMJ GND STAB SEA STAB DATE 06 04 07 TIME 12 59 56 POSN 51 06 557 N GPS1 01 25 077 E CCRP Conning station Press the left trackball mouse button In the Control Panel s Multi Panel window Target Information panel will open up displaying the target data card Targets Information Target 1 Target 2 Multiple TGT 12 CPA 4 16 NM TCPA 3 MIN 34 SEC BRG 310 8 T RNG 48 NM TSPD 12 8 KN TCSE 244 6 R CSE 250 7 RSPD 25 1 KN BCR 12 60 NM BCT 14 MIN 12 SEC Not Associated Note Depending on the set stabilization mode the data card will display the course and speed through the water CSE STW or over the ground T CSE T SPD The data card for ARPA target contains the following elements TGT target identification number CPA distance of closest point of approach TCPA time to the closest point of approach BRG target bearing RNG distance to the target T SPD target s true speed over the ground with the display of true speed through water STW notation is used Chapter 1 User Manual 53 Handling Targets 54 T CSE target s course over the ground with the display of course over the water CSE notation is used R CSE target s relative course R SPD target s relative speed BCR distance at which the target
77. manual detune of the equipment Care should be taken in operating the radar in the detuned condition as other wanted navigational and anti collision information may be removed The tuning should be returned to normal operation as soon as possible see chapter User Manual section Handling Radar paragraph Initial Radar Adjustment item Radar Receiver Tuning Chapter 2 Operating Principles 105 Radar Features 106 Gain For maximum range SART detection the normal gain setting for long range detection should be used i e with a light background noise speckle visible Anti Clutter Sea Control For optimum range SART detection this control should be set to the minimum Care should be exercised as wanted targets in sea clutter may be obscured Note also that in clutter conditions the first few dots of the SART response may not be detectable irrespective of the setting of the anti clutter sea control In this case the position of the SART may be estimated by measuring 9 5 nm from the furthest dot back towards own ship Anti Clutter Rain Control This should be used normally i e to break up areas of rain when trying to detect a SART response which being a series of dots is not affected by the action of the anti clutter rain circuitry Note that Racon responses which are often in the form of a long flash will be affected by the use of this control Radar Trails Echo trails are shown in blue colour The echo trail display functio
78. maps stop to be displayed on the PPI DISPLAY OF ARPA TARGETS General ATTENTION There is no target acquisition at a distance of 1 2 cables dead zone The target can be acquired in the following modes e manually by the operator e automatically when within the guard zone s set by the operator The radar target is acquired by the ARPA if it is detected 3 times in three consecutive antenna revolutions If when acquired the target is steadily observed in any five out of 10 consecutive scans it is considered to be steadily tracked three minute after the acquisition The target acquisition and tracking depend on Gain Sea and Rain settings as the target is extracted after the video signal processing see paragraph Processing of Radar Signals in RADAR Task Not more than 80 ARPA targets can be tracked at the same time This should be taken into account when using Guard Zones since in the automatic acquisition a large number of false targets can be acquired The ratios signal to noise and signal to clutter depending on the sea rain and snow condition as well as low clouds are to be considered as important factors affecting the target s acquisition and tracking The larger values of the above ratios the better an acquisition quality and the more stable the tracking is The target s acquisition and the following tracking are ensured when probability of the target s mark detection is equal to 0 8 or higher When the ra
79. n Radar Features paragraph Range Scales and Range Rings l to decrement the range scale by one step to increment the range scale by one step 26 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Radar Note The NR4000 uses the following fixed range scales 0 25 mile 0 5 mile 0 75 mile 1 5 mile 3 miles 6 miles 12 miles 24 miles 48 miles On the WS s with the Radar SLAVE status scales can only be switched one step relative to the WS with the Radar MASTER status e MASTER X 2 to display station status and operating band e TX to switch the transceiver to transmission mode e STBY to switch the transceiver to standby mode e SP to set short pulse length e MP to set medium pulse length e LP to set low pulse length Note Pulse length can only be changed for certain range scales e TUNE to adjust radar receiver Manual adjustment by using the buttons with the position displayed from 1 to 1000 AUTO to turn on autoadjustment e Tuning indicator which shows the received signal level Video Signal Adjustment EE gt The panel is intended for the video signal adjustment by using buttons The panel contains the following elements e BRILL brilliance video signal e CONTR contrast of video signal e GAIN to adjust video signal gain e SEA to adjust sea clutter suppression level e RAIN to adjust rain clutter suppression level For the
80. n centre is referenced to the radar antenna installation position which is set in System Configuration utility see document TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 INSTALLATION GUIDE Targets data transmitted to the output also contain information on targets relative to the radar antenna position RNG RR 0 25 0 125 NM MASTER X 1 GND STAB VIDEO DATE 28 03 07 lt u ye EP TIME 12 04 45 a EMR POSN 49 59 982 N KIEL GAN T lt gt GPS1 00 19 193 W CCRP Conning station mmg The PPI centre is brought into coincidence with the common reference point more detail see document TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION which the following values are measured from e EBL e VRM e range rings e vectors e heading line e range scale e cursor e tracking data Performance Monitor Performance monitor mode is used on a scale of 24 nm By visualisation on PPI of 4 markers shaped arc of a circle centred on bearing of PM unit The performance monitor carries out on radar at the same time the following controls e control of efficiency of radar transmission system e control of efficiency of radar reception system Chapter 2 Operating Principles 107 Radar Features Control of Efficiency of Radar Transmission System During normal operation of transmission system the 4 markers set respectively to 14 16 18 20 mile must be visible on display unit 24 nm _ VRM 14
81. n is available in all the orientation modes Depending on the set motion mode the button for switching on the display of afterglow trails will have either RELATIVE TRAILS or TRUE TRAILS for the name It is possible to set the afterglow time within the interval of 0 to 60 minutes If zero afterglow time is set the echo trails are not displayed on the PPI The afterglow trails are saved since the moment when their display was turned on Upon a switch of motion modes or display orientation the afterglow trails are not saved The process of their saving and display is started anew Parallel Index Lines These are ownship stabilised lines which extended across the width of the PPI The angle to and distance from ownship is adjustable By setting PI lines to channel boundaries it is possible to get a view of ownship position compared to the channel boundaries Variable Range Marker VRM An ownship stabilised ring centered on ownship The radius representing distance from ownship is variable The range of an active VRM is displayed in the EBL VRM window Electronic Bearing Line EBL A movable line extending from ownship position to the edge of the PPI The bearing of an active EBL is shown in the EBL VRM window This is a relative bearing in Head up presentation mode and a true bearing in North up and Course up TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Radar Features Radar Picture Referencing In the RADAR task the radar sca
82. ned by a vector combination of target relative motion and own ship s true motion True Vector The predicted true motion of a target as a result of own ship s direction and speed input The true vector may be either displayed with reference to the water or to the ground List of Abbreviations AIS Automatic Identification System ARPA Automatic Radar Plotting Aid BRG Bearing BTW Bearing to Way Point CCRP Consistent Common Reference Point CMG Course Made Good COG Course Over Ground CPA Closest Point of Approach CSE Course Over the Water DGPS Differential Global Positioning System DR Dead Reckoning DTW Distance to Way Point EBL Electronic Bearing Line ENC Electronic Navigational Chart EML Expected Motion Line ER Echo Reference GPS Global Positioning System GND Ground GZ Guard Zone HDG Heading HL Head Line HTIBS Hyundai Transas Intelligent Bridge System INFO Information LAT Latitude LON Longitude LP Long Pulse MP Medium Pulse m metre min minute MMSI Maritime Mobile Service Identities nm nautical mile TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar NR Navi Radar PAST POSN Past Position PM Performance Monitor PPI Plan Position Indicator POSN Position REF Reference Point RIB Radar Integrated Board RM Relative Motion RNG
83. ning On Off and Initial Adjustment Transfer of Rights Open the Interswitch panel by selecting the appropriate menu item in the Control Panel s Multi Panel window Interswitch h On the WS with the Radar MASTER status press the Hand over control button On the WS with the Radar SLAVE status press the Take over control button As this button is pressed on one of the WS s the rights are transferred to this station The station which previously had the Radar MASTER status will acquire the Radar SLAVE status If the Take over control button was not pressed on any of the stations during the transfer of rights the rights remain with the station which the transfer of rights was initiated from see document TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION the Operating Principles chapter in the Modes of Operation of the Tasks section under Radar MASTER and SLAVE 22 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Radar Turning On Off and Initial Adjustment Turning the RADAR Task Off Press the STBY button in the top right corner of the Display Panel nan STBY to turn off the transmission and switch the scanner to the standby mode Open Exit panel by selecting the appropriate line of Multi Panel menu on the Control Panel TARGETS Press Exit button of the panel Confirmation window will appear Press Yes button to confirm exit from the program Chapter 1 User Manual 23 Handling Radar
84. nm The degradation of the transmitted power is marked through a shift of 4 markers towards the centre of display unit in particular a shift of 4 markers of 2 nm towards the centre of radar display unit is obtained by each degradation of the transmitted power corresponding to 2 dB In the extreme condition corresponding to a degradation of equal or greater power to 10 dB the 4 marker will appear at a distance on the display unit of 4 6 8 10 nm 108 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Radar Features Control of Efficiency of Radar Reception System Adjust the radar gain so to obtain a floor noise just visible When the radar is working correctly the 4 arcs must be recognisable especially the arc farther must be hardly recognisable by floor noise The 4 markers are visualised with decreasing intensity levels beginning from marker nearest to that farthest by the monitor centre Each jump of intensity indicates a decrement of 3 dB in reception If sensibility of receiver decreases of 10 dB the marker nearest to radar centre will be just recognisable above noise A VRM 14 nm ee In the extreme condition corresponding to a degradation of equal or greater power to 0 dB of transmitter and receiver only one marker will appear at a distance on the display unit of 4 nm T a a CT 5 RR i Chapter 2 Operating Principles 109 Radar Features Mute Blank Sectors A predefined arc sector o
85. nning station RAN No official chart El lt m Press the left trackball button The Info panel will open up and display under the chart name the list of pages with available information on the objects which fall within the acquisition marker outline Info J Transas chart A2182 A4 4 Transas chart to top A2182A Traffic separation scheme Traffic separation zone limit General Chart Information Explanatory and Cautionary notes Traffic separation scheme tito Traffic fo top separation mama Swale ay Ff Unmark Close Select the necessary notation by positioning the cursor on the name and press the left trackball button the Info panel will open a page with information on the selected objects 5 Traffic a separation H scheme Traffic to top separation zone limit General Chart to to Information SR 42182A TRANSAS WOS MARINE SENC 4i Ver 6 0 Verified Aat Edition 10 2001 00 Small corrections 00 000 16 11 2006 Alon 000 i __ through NM mon l omma l cose Jig Turning off Chart Display To turn off ENC display release CHART button in Sensors window of the Control Panel 86 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar CHAPTER 2 Operating Principles This chapter provides a description of Navi Radar 4000 program features Copyright Transas Ltd 2007 Handling Cursors HANDLING CURSORS Free Cursor General The
86. ns with the status MASTER Short Medium Long Pulse The setting of a certain outgoing pulse length depends on the current range scale Range Scales nm Available Pulse Lengths SP MP LP 0 25 0 5 0 75 z J g g OU oj o CO Z oj g Z Z 94 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Radar Features For each range scale the corresponding pulse length is set by default in the table these pulse lengths are marked with the letter D On some scales by using EA and buttons the operator can set another pulse length in the table these pulse lengths are marked with the letter M After a switch to another range the pulse length does not change as along as it is permitted for the set range Otherwise a default value is set and with the further switches of the range the default pulse length will be set Turning and Responses The receiver tuning is intended for the reception of the maximum return level With the automatic tuning ON AUTO button is pressed the receiver will be tuned for the optimum reception of the returns within 10 15 per cent of the manually set level RNG RR 6 1 NMI STBY With AUTO button released the receiver is tuned by using fl and Kl buttons according to the maximum indicator reading RNG RR 3105 NMJ STBY Ea MP TUNE AUTO Turning affects the signal received A tuned receiver will receive strong radar r
87. nted as buttons with task names ECDIS RADAR CONNING AMS Radar CEERI Aaus 3 To turn on the RADAR task from Transas Integrator utility press Radar button 16 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Radar Turning On Off and Initial Adjustment The following window will be displayed on WS upon start of RADAR task loading Application core is loading Version 1 11 002 b 0 Copyright c 2001 2007 Transas Ltd After the program loading the RADAR task screen will be displayed ve 090 0 RNG RR a Radar RCO ENTE es i ee y LENER MASTER X 1 Als ARPA Als ee a e SOG cpsi 10 0 KN GND STAB 0 x PRT TUNE SEA STAB y 40 lp x ne a 500 a ao K Heating 02 min 54 sec DATE 03 04 07 TIME 10 51 51 7 210 POSN 49 59 983 N GPS1 00 40 534 W Cones Cooning aletien No official chart Wait for magnetron heating ATTENTION Switching on off scanner is available only at stations with the status MASTER By default the scanner is in the standby mode LES STBY To switch the scanner to the transmission mode press the TX TX IBA button in the top right corner of the Display Panel Chapter 1 User Manual 17 Radar Turning On Off and Initial Adjustment Initial Radar Adjustment Selecting Radar Picture ATTENTION This operation is only used in a network configuration of two WS s To display a radar picture from Radar MASTER X 2 or S band on the PPI of WS Radar MAS
88. ode To turn on the Enhanced Video mode press button in the Display Panel lo button group see also Chapter 2 in the Radar Features section under Enhanced Video Mode To Handle Echo Trails To Set Afterglow Time Position the cursor on the input line to the right of the TRAILS button in the Targets Trails window of the control panel and press the left trackball button By rolling the trackball set the required afterglow time value within the range of 0 to 60 min Note If the afterglow time value is set to 0 echo trails are not displayed on the PPI To Turn On Display of Echo Trails To turn on the display of echo trails press the TRAILS button in the Control Panel s Targets Trails window Depending on the set motion mode the button will be called RELATIVE TRAILS or TRUE TRAILS Echo trails will be shown in blue colour 46 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Radar RNG RR 12 2 _NM GND STAB SEA STAB DATE 06 04 07 oe lt a gt TIME 09 21 23 gt to EMRA POSN 49 59 986 N 2A Pc B GPS1 00 28 283 W E B 180 EZ EJ CCRP Conning station a me E lt a Note For the echo trails to be displayed it is necessary to set the afterglow time not equal to zero and press the TRAILS button With a switch of motion modes or display orientations the displayed echo signals are reset and their recording process starts anew To turn off the display of echo trails release
89. ompatible keyboard e Functional keyboard e Controls e Trackball PC compatible Functional keyboard keyboard Controls Trackball Speaker Dimmer VRM my Tida 12 S 200M 700m runes s M our Jott P TONNE EA ATR ANS e Provided below is a table which specifies the RADAR tasks and their corresponding controls Function Keyboard Radar GUI Ownship motion modes mj ru Ownship presentation 14 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Radar Task Controls Function Keyboard Radar GUI Ahead id Targets ON OFF AIS All Layers Standard Display Std Display a A Fu v g wn BS m E a Zoom Out ZOOM EBL my EBL OFFSET 12 e Fixed On Off VRM WRM a 12 Gain Gain Sea Sea ro Rain Rain a wee La Palette NIGHT AY Daylight Daylight Chapter 1 User Manual 15 Radar Turning On Off and Initial Adjustment RADAR TURNING ON OFF AND INITIAL ADJUSTMENT Turning the Radar Task On Each WS is started by pressing On Off button on its console Switch On Off button Transas Integrator window will be loaded Integrator utility and from any running task see paragraph WS Controls and Their Functions 1 To turn on the RADAR task from ES3 keyboard press lt B gt button 2 All the tasks use identical task switching user interface impleme
90. on the AFC press the AUTO button RNG RR _12 2NM STBY this pulse length can be set manually Chapter 1 User Manual 19 Radar Turning On Off and Initial Adjustment 20 Adjusting Video Signal Use the il and Ea buttons the right bottom corner of the Display Panel at the edges of indicators to set the necessary levels for the following parameters e GAIN video signal gain e RAIN rain clutter suppression e SEA sea clutter suppression With the use of ES3 keyboard to tune the Gain Sea Rain parameters use controls with these names Adjusting Display Brilliance Use the Ell and E buttons in the right bottom corner of the Display Panel at the edges of the BRILL and CONTR indicators to set the display brilliance and contrast for video signal g Ig ENR This control affects the display of a radar signals and in the case of incorrect settings may result in the poor quality of the radar picture and its perception by the user see also Chapter 2 in the Radar Features section under Display Brilliance Adjustment Open the Brilliance panel by selecting the appropriate menu item in the Control Panel s Multi Panel window Brilliance X Set the necessary display brilliance for the PPI elements by using the Ld L buttons at the edges of the brilliance level indicators TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Radar Turning On Off and Initial Adjustment Note Adjusting br
91. onal facility whereby the observer can define lines to indicate channels or traffic separation schemes Sometimes called nav lines these lines require ground stabilisation to stop them drifting North Up Display An azimuth stabilised display in which a line connecting the centre of own ship with the top of the display is north true bearing Relative Bearing The direction of a target from own ship expressed as an angular displacement from own ship s heading Relative Course The direction of motion of a target relative to own ship s position expressed as an angular displacement from north It is deduced from a number of measurements of target range and bearing on own ship s radar Relative Motion The combination of relative course and relative speed Relative Motion Display A display on which the position of own ship remains fixed and all targets move relative to own ship TRANSAS INS v 1 117 002 Radar Definitions and Abbreviations Relative Speed The speed of a target relative to own ship s position It is deduced from a number of measurements of target range and bearing on own ship s radar Relative Vector The predicted movement of a target relative to own ship Scan The interrogation of an area covering 360 in bearing A sector or sectors may be suppressed within the 360 bearing Sea Stabilisation A mode of display whereby own ship and all targets are referenced to the sea using gyro heading and single axi
92. onses are likely to be suppressed The rain setting is adjusted to preserve small targets It is often beneficial to reduce the Gain level to optimise target detection in high precipitation The rain facility also improves short range discrimination Note When not in use the RAIN control should always be set to 0 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Radar Features Radar Adjustment in the Absence of Targets Performance Monitor mode see Performance Monitor paragraph can be used for the radar tuning in the absence of targets To do this use GAIN SEA and RAIN indicator controls to achieve the maximum clarity of the noise arcs display HDG cyro1 Ol ere RNG RR 24 4 NM GND STAB A SEA STAB i DATE 04 09 06 x TUNE indicator control buttons are used for achieving its maximum width Accumulation This functionality enables accumulation of video signal for extracting fluctuating and weak targets The set accumulation coefficient in determines the degree of using a video signal from the target in the previous scan The algorithm ensures accumulation of a video signal from targets recurring in one point of the space as his is done a signal from fluctuating targets waves is not accumulated ATTENTION Due to the fact that speed and course of the own ship is not incorporated to this feature it should be used on the scales where targets are in relatively static condition In the tracking of targets moving at
93. out any limitations These targets transmit information with the intervals specified in the following tables Class A Shipborne Mobile Equipment Reporting Intervals Type of Ship Reporting interval Ship at anchor or moored and not moving faster than 3 knots 3 min Ship at anchor or moored and moving faster than 3 knots 10s Ship with a speed of between 0 14 knots 10s Ship with a speed of between 0 14 knots and changing course 31 3s Ship with a speed of between 14 23 knots 6s Ship with a speed of between 14 23 knots and changing course 2s Ship with a speed of greater than 23 knots 2s Ship with a speed of greater than 23 knots and changing course 2s Reporting Intervals For Equipment Other Than Class A Shipborne Mobile Equipment Platform s Condition Nominal reporting interval Class B Shipborne Mobile Equipment not moving faster than 2 knots 3 min Class B Shipborne Mobile Equipment moving 2 14 knots 30s Class B Shipborne Mobile Equipment moving 14 23 knots 15s Class B Shipborne Mobile Equipment moving gt 23 knots 5s Search and Rescue aircraft airborne mobile equipment 10s Aids to Navigation 3 min AIS base station 10s These targets are not displayed unless the own ship coordinates are available Lat Lon as AIS target position is referenced to the absolute geographic coordinates ATTENTION Up to 256 AIS targets can be processed simultaneously AIS targets a
94. panel To cancel the marking press Unmark button Info J Buoy safe m water ko t BOYSAW PP point Highlight Buoy shape BOYSHP 4 pillar Colour COLOUR 3 red 1 white Colour pattern COLPAT 2 vertical stripes Object name OBJNAM CH1 Depth contour Highlight Value of depth contour VALDCQO 30 zj Unmark Close TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Display of Chart Information With the use of ENC format charts line type objects are marked with a hatched area if Highlight function is selected in Info panel To cancel the marking press Unmark button Info Military L practice area osto MIPARE P area Highlight Textual description Category of military practice area CATMPA 3 submarine exercise area Textual description TXTDSC GB036_01 TXT Depth area DEPARE to top area Highlight Depth range value 1 DRVALI 50 Depth range value 2 DRVAL2 zj Unmark Close Effect of Errors on Chart Information Display Accuracy The chart information display accuracy and correlation with the radar image is affected by the following factors Accuracy of determining coordinates with the use of a positioning system Accuracy of determining the position with the aid of a positioning system depends on many factors Technical characteristics of the positioning system sensor Antenna position The satellit
95. re processed in turn so there may be a loss of a target due to the excessive traffic As the number of targets exceeds 95 of the maximum number of targets the Warnings window will display an appropriate warning 98 Als capacity As the maximum number of targets is exceeded 257 targets the Alarms window will display the AIS capacity exceeded alarm ws AIS capacity exceeded TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Display of AIS Targets If no data on the AIS target has been received from NR4000 within a certain time interval which depends on the target category such target is considered to be lost The Timeout for various target categories is shown in the table below Category of Ship Alarm after timeout Ship at anchor or moored and not moving faster than 3 knots class B not 380 s moving faster than 2 knots Ship at anchor or moored and moving at more than 3 knots 41s Ship 0 14 knots class B 2 14 knots 41s Ship 0 14 knots and changing course 41s Ship 14 23 knots 41s Ship 14 23 knots and changing course 40s Ship gt 23 knots 30 s Ship gt 23 knots and changing course 30 s Class B not moving faster than 2 knots 380 s Class B 2 14 knots 300 s Ship 14 23 knots 150 s Ship gt 23 knots 50s Lost targets are shown on the PPI with a certain symbol see the next paragraph in the last accepted coordinates 30 seconds later lost targets
96. result of the manoeuvre the speed cannot become negative Enabling of the trial manoeuvring with speed alteration is performed by Set SPD button There may be the following main engine operating modes e Full e Half e Slow e Dead Slow e Stop Notations corresponding to the main engine ahead speed operation are shown in the green colour astern and STOP in the red colour If the Set SPD button is depressed it is assumed that there will be no speed manoeuvre and the ship will be proceeding at the current speed the black notation None is shown ATTENTION During trial manoeuvring with speed alteration the calculation error may run up to 15 Manoeuvre calculations use the Pilot Card data on the ship manoeuvring characteristics when loaded and in ballast which is entered in the System Configuration utility at the installation stage see TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 INSTALLATION GUIDE document To select the ship loading option for the Trial Manoeuvre calculations use the Loaded and In Ballast buttons on the Trial Manoeuvre page of the TRIAL TGT Simulator panel Chapter 2 Operating Principles 117 Display of ARPA Targets atin If turn parameters are entered whereby the manoeuvre cannot be displayed within the set line length i e there is no way of representation of the point of turning to the set course on the PPI Invalid parameters Manoeuvre can not be performed warning appears in t
97. rmed At the acquisition start stage the target is shown in the form of an acquisition start symbol As all the steady tracking criteria are met it is replaced with tracking symbol If a target was steadily tracked before the entry in the guard zone the symbol of a new target which has entered the guard zone flickering red triangle is shown on top of the target symbol until Guard zone target alarm is acknowledged by the operator Boundaries of the ring shaped zones are set by using the cursor There may be the following setting options e change of the ring width e circular motion of the zone relative to the own ship mark without changes in the dimensions or shape e change of the coverage angle e moving the zone closer to or farther from the own ship mark with a change of the zone width Past Position Plots the past position of tracked targets by dropping a marker to indicate the target s position up to selected plotting interval With the selection of the targets track plotting interval the displayed track length is set automatically e 30sec 6 minutes 12 points e 1min 6 minutes 6 points e 2 min 8 minutes 4 points e 4min 16 minutes 4 points The function for the display of the targets past position points is available in all the display presentation and motion modes The true and relative tracks of the steadily tracked ARPA targets are formed for all the time intervals between
98. s log water speed inputs Suppressed Area An area set up by the observer within which targets are not acquired Target Any object fixed or moving whose position and motion is determined by measurements of range and bearing on radar Target s Predicted Motion A prediction of future target motion based on linear extrapolation from its present motion as determined by past measurements of its range and bearing on the radar Tracking The computer process of observing the sequential changes in the position of a target in order to establish its motion Trails Tracks displayed by the radar echoes of targets in the form of a synthetic afterglow The trails may be either relative or true The true trails may be sea or ground stabilised Trial Manoeuvre A facility to assist the observer in making the correct manoeuvre for navigation and collision avoidance purposes True Bearing The direction of a target from own ship or from another target expressed as an angular displacement from north True Course The true direction of motion of a target expressed as an angular displacement from north It is obtained by a vector combination of target relative motion and own ship s true motion True Motion The combination of true course and true speed True Motion Display A display across which own ship and each target moves with its own true motion Preamble 7 Definitions and Abbreviations 8 True Speed The speed of a target obtai
99. se if ground stabilisation selected or STW if sea stabilisation selected Press the MIN or NM button to select the manoeuvre start setting Position the free cursor on Delay input field and press the left trackball mouse button Set the required delay time distance before the start of the manoeuvre by rolling the trackball mouse or enter it from the keyboard Je v TE 050 soo ajd ESI Playss Drop EETA Press the left trackball mouse button If the data set by the operator does not allow the turn with the set radius and delay time to be inscribed in the set EML length i e there is no way of representation of the point of turning to the set course on the PPI the program will produce an appropriate warning and the EML is not displayed on the PPI any more O50 ldd Set SPD Piaya Drop BETTA 58 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Targets The settings you are making are displayed automatically on the PPI RNG RR 310 5 NMI SEA STAB DATE 17 04 07 TIME 15 32 02 lt 210 o POSN 51 06 555 N J ETE GPS1 0 6 286 E i El Lean JE 80 lt Hi RAIN gt CCRP Conning station g E The bottom part of the PPI displays a flashing white T letter To accept the manoeuvre press Drop button The selected optimum manoeuvre parameters will be record In this case the count off of the selected time before the manoeuvre start will begin exactly at the moment when this button is press
100. see Chapter 2 in section Display of Chart Information under Layers Control DPTH Value digital values of depths for ENC format charts only SAF CON safety contours safety depth value should be set TSS traffic separation schemes Abovewater surface objects Underwater underwater objects Coast coastline To turn off the display of unnecessary chart objects release the appropriate button To Adjust Charts Brilliance Open the Brilliance panel by selecting the appropriate menu item in the Control Panel s Multi Panel window Ss e S Brilliance X Chapter 1 User Manual 83 Handling Charts Use the LJL buttons at the edges of the Infill and Objects indicators to set the necessary display brilliance for the chart and chart objects Note Adjusting brightness of all the objects simultaneously General does not allow the display of chart objects to be fully suppressed For the full suppression use the Infill and Objects controls Selection of Chart Data Display Mode Open the Charts Routes panel by selecting the appropriate menu item in the Control Panel s Multi Panel window Charts Routes h On the Charts Routes panel open the Charts page By default the Color display mode is set whereby the electronic chart is displayed in colour with the infill of shore territory and dangerous depths Press the Color button oE Autoload
101. should be cancelled As this is done the cursor will assume the following form See also Chapter 2 paragraph Handling Cursors 2 With E button released position the cursor on the required target and press the right trackball button successively until cursor appears Note Itis only targets beyond the guard zones which can be cancelled RNG RR 61 NM SEA STAB OHH DATE 17 04 07 TIME 16 47 32 POSN 51 06 554 N GPS1 01 56 332 E CCRP Conning station Press the left trackball mouse button The target tracking will be cancelled RNG RR _ 6 1_NMJ SEA STAB DATE 17 04 07 TIME 16 51 52 POSN 51 06 554 N 5 GPS1 01 57 480 E B ET Heo a N gt CCRP Conning station E RAN 68 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Targets To exit from the target cancellation mode release button in the Display Panel control button group Cancelling All Tracked Targets in PPI Area Open the TARGETS panel by selecting the appropriate menu item in the Control Panel s Multi Panel window TARGETS R On the TARGETS panel press the Cancel All Targets button All the tracked targets beyond the guard zones will be cancelled Handling Ring Shaped Guard Zones Open TARGETS panel by selecting the appropriate menu line in the Control Panel s Multi Panel window TARGETS R Chapter 1 User Manual 69 Handling Targets Turning on Ring Shape
102. sible picture of SART signals on the PPI RNG RR 641 NMI STBY SEA STAB ETA p VIDEO DATE 06 04 07 E E TIME 11 35 1 ea CONT SS El POSN 51 06 559 N GPS1 01 48 684 E E c a i a CCRP Conning station m E O SEE 50 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Targets By using El and Ell buttons set the optimum level of the signal Gain Sea and Rain clutter suppression see Chapter 2 paragraph Operation for SART Detection lt gt B a El SSma HANDLING TARGETS General Handling Pre Calculated Motion Vectors Position the cursor on the input line to the right of the T VECT R VECT buttons in the Vectors window of the Control Panel and press the left trackball button By rolling the trackball moving the mouse set the required pre calculation time value from 0 to 60 minutes Press the left trackball mouse button The length of pre calculated motion vectors on the PPI will be in direct proportion to the set time and target speed Note By default the pre calculation time is set to 6 minutes If the pre calculation time value is set to 0 pre calculated motion vectors are not displayed on the PPI ATTENTION Motion vectors cannot be displayed unless certain conditions are fulfilled see Chapter 2 paragraph Own Ship and Targets Motion and Orientation Modes To select the mode of displaying the targets true pre calculated motion vectors press the T VECT button in the Control
103. side the berth e Scanner antenna installation height In the immediate vicinity of the ship the alignment accuracy is affected by the antenna installation height as the radar measures an inclined range whereas a horizontal range is plotted on the chart To compensated for this error it is necessary to enter the antenna installation height parameter e Disagreement between the chart scale and selected range The chart scale determines accuracy of the objects plotted on it Accordingly when small scale charts are used on small scales there may be disagreement between the chart and radar information both in bearing and in range To eliminate this error it is necessary to use as practicable the charts in accordance with their original scale The table below shows correlation between the selected range and the optimum chart scale Range Monitor size 19 23 PPI diameter 270 mm 340 mm 0 25 1 3526 1 2832 0 5 1 7134 1 5664 0 75 1 14268 1 8486 1 5 1 28536 1 16994 3 1 42802 1 33990 6 1 85604 1 67980 12 1 171482 1 136176 24 1 341592 1 271264 48 1 681810 1 541438 For compensations for Navigational Data see TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION chapter OPERATING PRINCIPLES paragraph Compensations for Navigational Data Chapter 2 Operating Principles 131 Display of Chart Information 132 Layers Control Only vector charts can be displayed on PPI For TRS forma
104. stop to be displayed on the PPI Display and Naming of AIS Targets Targets are named in accordance with the same rules as ARPA targets The name of an AIS target is formed from T prefix from transponder and its unique identifier i e T1 T2 T10 etc AIS Target Symbol Types Orientation AIS targets are displayed on the PPI according to the following rules AIS target symbols are generally displayed in the form of a triangle If information on AIS target dimensions is available and the current scale permitting the appropriate range scale is selected AIS targets are shown in the form of a ship r If there is no information on the targets COG SOG vector or the own ship s COG SOG vector affecting the CPA TCPA calculations the AIS targets are shown as a dashed line grey coloured triangle contour a A lost target is shown as a crossed out triangle Target symbols are oriented along the ship s valid gyro heading HDG and where the HDG is not available along the ship s valid course over the ground COG CSE Note Orientation of AIS target symbols does not depend on the current mode of their vector display The colour of AIS target symbols is identical to the colours of ARPA targets Chapter 2 Operating Principles 121 Display of AIS Targets 122 Activated and Non Activated AIS Targets All the AIS targets displayed on the PPI including dangerous targets are considered non active sleeping from t
105. t displays bearing and distance to its associated ARPA target in the bottom line As the course and distance divergence exceeds the set limits the ARPA target is automatically displayed on the screen Chapter 1 User Manual 77 Handling Targets Turning on DR Mode for AIS Targets Open the TARGETS panel by selecting the appropriate menu item in the Control Panel s Multi Panel window TARGETS R On the TARGETS panel open the AIS page and switch to the Settings tab In the Use for targets with input line set the minimum speed of AIS targets for the DR mode To turn on the DR mode for AIS targets whose speed is equal to and higher than the set value press the DR for AIS targets button see Chapter 2 in section Display of AIS Targets under DR Mode of AIS Targets 78 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Charts HANDLING CHARTS To Turn on Chart Display To turn on the electronic charts display on the PPI press the CHART button in the Control Panel s Sensors window Area ais a mae If the MAP button was ON it will be turned off automatically The PPI will display an electronic charts under the ship position whose original scale suits best the set range scale RNG RR 61 _ NM GND STAB SEA STAB 20 VIDEO DATE 18 04 07 oh REF TIME 12 30 59 POSN 51 07 259 N gt I GPS1 01 29 220 E a EZITE a Cg CCRP Conning station No official
106. t electronic charts with Std Display and All Layers buttons OFF the following chart object classes can be displayed selectively Button Chart objects Depth e Set safety contour Zones Pile obstacle Fishing stakes Prohibited areas Traffic separation zone Established and recommended traffic arrows Danger limits Restricted area Separated traffic zone limits Pilot station Caution area Radio communicating point Insets Lights without sectors Buoys and conspicuous features Racons Isolated dangers sunken ships with above water structures drilling platforms Above water rocks Jetty breakwater Submerged structures Piles Bridges Churches Rocks Radio towers Isolated submerged dangers Coast e Coast e Drying heights Abovewater Underwater The RADAR task implements a capability to select the display of various chart information categories e standard display includes chart information essential for the navigation e all layers includes all chart information which can be displayed on PPI Within the Standard Display an orange box is used for marking off inofficial chart data A press on Std Display and All Layers buttons turns on automatically the buttons of the layers they include As Std Display and All Layers buttons are turned off status of layer buttons is restored as of the moment when the displays were turned on In RADAR task ENC format charts h
107. the points and are available for display at any moment of time The number of points depends on the target tracking time and the plotting interval setting TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Display of ARPA Targets True or relative track is selected depending on the target vector type R vect T vect and stabilisation Sea Stab Ground Stab R vect and Sea Stab relative track through the water R vect and Ground Stab relative track over ground T vect and Sea Stab true track through the water T vect and Ground Stab true track over ground Trial Manoeuvre Trial Manoeuvre function is intended for improving safety of sailing in the waters with intensive ship traffic It can be used for calculating the own ship safe manoeuvre parameters course speed start time The Trial Manoeuvre operating concept consists in correlating target motion lines and the planned own ship motion line with the selection of different parameters of the intended manoeuvre like a new ship course new ship speed time to the manoeuvre start and the ship turn radius The function is controlled from TRIAL TGT Simulator panel The program allows the following parameters to be set on the display The ship course after the manoeuvre start This is done in Set CSE input window by using the keyboard trackball mouse or OD buttons Own ship speed after the manoeuvre start This is done in Set SPD input window by using the keyboard trackball mo
108. the required value of the index line bearing or enter it from the keyboard Press the left trackball mouse button The index line will be set in the specified direction Note 0 bearing corresponds to the line direction to the north The index line bearing varies from 0 to 360 On the reciprocal bearings the line direction is the same but it is located on different sides from the own ship mark 42 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Handling Radar 090 0 CSE 090 0 RNG RR __12 2_ NM 10 0 KN 10 0 KN aoi ae 10 0 KN GND STAB SEA STAB DATE 04 04 07 TIME 13 38 58 POSN 50 00 023 N GPS1 00 08 903 W CCRP Conning station No official chart 2 To set index lines with the cursor Position the free cursor on the imaginary intersection point of the index line and perpendicular to this line shown on the PPI in the form of a small circle As this is done the cursor will assume the following form LT 090 0 CSE 090 0 RNG RR 12 2 NM 10 0 KN 10 0 KN ee PEL SOG 10 0 KN GND STAB SEA STAB DATE 04 04 07 TIME 13 38 58 POSN 50 00 023 N GPS1 00 08 903 W CCRP Conning station No official chart Chapter 1 User Manual 43 Handling Radar Press the left trackball mouse button The cursor will assume the form of the graphic cursor Move the index line in the required direction HDG cyroi 090 0 CSE 090 0 RNGARR _12 2 NM STW Di 10 0 KN 10 0 KN COG cP 090 0 T MESTE
109. the returns from the host target will be weaker then those of the real target 102 TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Radar Features at the real target The VRM facility can be used to confirm this However there is no real way of determining whether the indicated target is a ghost or a real target Other types of ghosting include echoes of groups of targets which appear to be real When in the vicinity of land masses these may be from large inland objects and may be caused by a combination of atmospheric conditions unusual propagation conditions and reflection Enhanced Video Mode This mode is intended for better visual display of radar marks on the screen in order to facilitate the navigational situation assessment by the navigator The turning on of the mode allows two tasks to be accomplished e increase of the radar mark size in azimuth For marks in the vicinity of the radar PPI centre the package of echoes is compressed visually to form a single monitor resolution element because of the display of several outgoing pulses This algorithm extends this kind of signals In this case weak signals wave echoes are not increased in azimuth e increase of the radar mark in range This algorithm increases the mark size in range and provides better target discrimination on the screen during the radar operation on large ranges more than 6 miles Besides there is better observability of targets in the conditions of unsteady r
110. ting Principles 89 Handling Cursors Switching Free Cursor Type on Targets To switch the free cursor type press successively the right trackball mouse button Cursor type priorities are set depending on the position of OD and buttons If a certain free cursor type is not applicable it is omitted If there are simultaneously several targets of the same type under the cursor the free cursor type is switched for each target i e as many times as there are targets There are the following priorities in the free cursor types as it is positioned on different targets or I buttons are not pressed Target type Number of times the right trackball button is pressed 0 1 2 3 4 ARPA target Active AIS target ARPA target under which there is a non active AIS target AIS target ARPA target AIS target ARPA target under which there is an active AIS target AIS target ARPA target AIS target button is pressed Target type Number of times the right trackball button is pressed 0 1 2 3 4 5 ARPA target Bill Bil under which Bll Bll there is a non active AIS AIS target ARPA target target Active AIS Hl Yt target under Be which there is a radar echo button is pressed Target type Number of times the right trackball button is pressed 0 1 2 3 4 ARPA target with an active AIS t
111. tio signal to noise reaches value of 10 dB or higher the required precision characteristics are met The tracking of the stable target is ensured when probability of the target s mark detection is equal to 0 5 or higher Target s glint rolling and pitching are affecting both acquisition and tracking of target Errors of gyro log bearing and range quantization beam shape pulse shape and antenna backlash affect in more degree to the precision characteristics of tracked targets The larger values of the above errors the worse the precision parameters Chapter 2 Operating Principles 111 Display of ARPA Targets 112 Positional relationship of the targets may also affect the acquisition and tracking In the case of proximity of two targets one of them might be lost in the course of automatic or manual acquisition the recurring acquisition of the lost target can be done after considerable divergence of targets In the case of proximity of two steadily tracked targets the tracks confusion may take place in individual cases The tracking is cancelled and the target is considered to be lost according to the following algorithm e up to 1 minute after the acquisition target missed 6 times e from 1 to 3 minutes after the acquisition target missed 11 times e 3and more minutes after the acquisition target missed 18 times The target loss is associated with an alarm One minute later or after the alarm acknowledgement th
112. trols in Settings tab on AlS page of the TARGETS panel If all the above mentioned conditions for the automatic disabling are eliminated that AIS functionality mode is resumes which was set by the user before the software disabling g association of AIS and ARPA targets Manual Disabling For the manual disabling press Disable AIS Functionality button in Settings tab on AIS page of the TARGETS panel Chapter 2 Operating Principles 125 Display of Chart Information DISPLAY OF CHART INFORMATION Chart Loading For a clear presentation of the sailing area and work with the chart information it is necessary to correctly select the navigational charts This kind of selection can be made automatically by the user set parameters and manually Chart loading is understood as the display of an electronic chart from the ship folio on the PPI Such loaded chart whose number is specified on Charts page of Chart Routes panel is referred to as the current chart For an easy search and loading of the required charts the RADAR task offers two procedures automatic and manual Chart Autoloading Chart autoloading is a special RADAR task function which allows the automatic display of the chart optimum in regard of its position and scale and defines this chart as the current chart To turn this function on press Autoload button on Charts page of Chart Routes panel Ch
113. ulfilled see Chapter 2 under paragraph Own Ship Position Stabilisation To set the ground stabilization mode press the GND STAB button in the left top corner of the Display Panel STW Loci COG DLOGI SOG DLOGI SEA STAB To set the water stabilization mode press the SEA STAB button in the left top corner of Display Panel STW Lc COG DLOGI SOG DLOGI GND STAB SEA STAB Chapter 1 User Manual 45 Handling Radar Setting Video Signal Accumulation Level In the Accumulation window of the Control Panel press the button Accumulation Set the required video signal accumulation level for a better extraction of displayed targets see also Chapter 2 in the Radar Features section under Accumulation ATTENTION Due to the fact that speed and course of the own ship is not incorporated in this feature it should be used on scales where targets are in relatively static condition In the tracking of targets moving at high speeds or targets on small scales it is necessary to set a smaller accumulation coefficient to avoid false echoes Also at high speeds gt 10 knots or in the agile own ship manoeuvrability accumulation has to be set to the minimum coefficient Turning on Interference Rejection To turn on the interference rejection press the button in the Display Panel button group see also Chapter 2 in the Radar Features section under Interference Rejection Turning on the Enhanced Video M
114. ulse received causes it to transmit a response which is swept repetitively across the complete radar frequency band When interrogated it first sweeps rapidly 0 4 usec through the band before beginning a relatively slow sweep 7 5 usec through the band back to the starting frequency This process is repeated for a total of twelve complete cycles At some point in each sweep the SART frequency will match that of the interrogating radar and be within the pass band of the radar receiver If the SART is within range the frequency match during each of the 12 slow sweeps will produce a response on the radar display thus a line of 12 dots equally spaced by about 0 64 nm will be shown TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Radar Features When the range to the SART is reduced to about 1 nm the radar display may show also the 12 responses generated during the fast sweeps These additional dot responses which also are equally spaced by 0 64 nm will be interspersed with the original line of 12 dots They will appear slightly weaker and smaller than the original dots Radar Range Scale When looking for a SART it is preferable to use either the 6 or 12 nautical mile range scale This is because the total displayed length of the SART response of 12 or 24 dots may extend approximately 9 5 nautical miles beyond the position of the SART and it is necessary to see a number of response dots to distinguish the SART from other responses SART Rang
115. us Dangerous AIS Targets Considered dangerous are targets whose CPA TCPA values are both equal to or smaller that CPA TCA safe values set by the user on CPA TCPA window As soon as the CPA TCPA values become smaller than the settings CPA TCPA alarm is triggered off When the free cursor is positioned on the Warnings window the hint specifies the number of the targets which caused the alarm generation T155 T156 T160 The dangerous target is automatically activated and the symbol of this target is flashing until CPA TCPA alarm is acknowledged Each new dangerous target causes the alarm to be triggered off anew bold lines COG SOG vector is displayed in accordance with the current vector display settings true relative and is shown in the red colour HDG vector is displayed according to the general rules for the display of an HDG vector for activated targets The symbol contour of a dangerous target is always shown in red coloured When an AIS target ceases to be dangerous it is displayed as appropriate to its activated non activated status TRANSAS INS v 1 11 002 Radar Display of AIS Targets If the dangerous target disappears see item General Information of this paragraph Lost AIS Target alarm is generated WS Lost AIS targe M A lost target is shown as a red coloured symbol of the lost target Lost AIS targets and the alarm disappear automatically 30 seconds later or after the al
116. use or 4 buttons Own ship turn radius in Radius input window from 0 1 to 9 9 miles Length of the own ship and targets planned motion lines in the trial manoeuvre in Trial line input window from 1 to 24 minutes Time to the manoeuvre start in Delay input window from 1 to 23 minutes The Delay parameter can be entered in both minutes and miles Re calculations use the ship s current SOG in case if ground stabilisation selected or STW if sea stabilisation selected The value of this parameter cannot exceed the length of the set own ship motion line and is automatically corrected if it does TRIALITGT Simulator Trial Manoeuvre TGT Simulator in Ballast_ Trialline 24 MIN Delay MN m Radius 050 NM SetCSE 090 0 4 Set sPD None _ Playas _Drop EETA Chapter 2 Operating Principles 115 Display of ARPA Targets 116 Trial Manoeuvre can also be turned on by using Play button on the control display In this mode the turn radius own ship new speed and length of the own ship planned motion line are entered from the control panel The own ship new course and time to the manoeuvre start are changed by using the trackball mouse in the following way e The trackball mouse up and down motion increases decreases respectively the value of the time before the manoeuvre e The trackball mouse motion to the left and to the right decreases increases respectively the new
117. used The name of the EPFS used is shown in brackets If the RAIM mode is used the name of the source is shown in green Chapter 2 Operating Principles 123 Display of AIS Targets 124 The UTC line shows the status of the time used in the AIS transponder Time is always synchronised by the EPFS receiver built into the transponder In the ROT line the data display mode depends on the connection of the ROT sensor If the sensor is connected the ROT value is shown in the xxx min stb port format If there is no ROT sensor the value is calculated from the course alteration and may have two values 0 or gt 5 30 s stb port Trial Manoeuvre for AIS Targets Trial manoeuvre for the AIS targets is performed in much the same way as for the ARPA targets see the previous paragraph The change of the manoeuvre parameters affects the display of the AIS target vectors to suit the selected CPA TCPA value Trial manoeuvre is possible in the Tvect and Rvect modes Associating AIS and ARPA Targets By default the AIS and ARPA targets associating functionality is not activated When this functionality is turned on Association button on Association page of TARGETS panel is depressed the distance between AIS and ARPA targets is compared to Distance divergence limit If this distance is shorter than the set value the course over ground COG divergence between the AIS targets and ARPA target is checked

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