Real time BIA manual
Contents
1. 120 VAC power charges internal battery and powers the sensory 4 Real time data logging sampling rates from from 2 msec to days resistance and reactance 0 1 ohm resolution ON OFF buttons Subject lead set that connects to the hand and foot area of the patient See electrode card for more details Infrared coupler Infrared keyboard contains two AAA batteries Keyboard can be placed up to 8 feet from the PEA infrared coupler electronics Battery operates as true uninterruptible power supply UPS 2 5 hrs PEA thermal printer contains 7 2 V 1100 mAh rechargeable Li ion battery RJL part No 70690 Printer serial cable RS 232 at 38 4 Kb gt Keyboard paging keys same as pressing the paging buttons on the PEA Application Paging PEA applications are selected with the paging buttons Impedance A y Phase DG Use the ON buttons for setup on pages 8 and 9 Page 0 Series measurement Phase DG Page 1 Parallel measurement Page 2 Real time logging Page 3 Body composition Reststaence 500 7 First Name Reactance 56 8 Impedance 503 9 2 6247 Last Name Page 8 Set time date aes Oar tl e AAi a eee L2 Res Reac PE Index 10 38 40 AM 08 14 2003 Press ON 0 change date time Page 9 System info and setup Real Time Data beggereiesse jes DIAGS TEMP 65 DG FOV AN 5V An SV Sue Smor PON Stor 5k uP SOO Press Pa2. a Windows NT 4 0 2000 or XP Windows 3 11 95 98 and Millennium Edition are not sup ported b 64 MB of memory or greater c Display resolution of 800 x 600 pixels or greater 1024 X 768 recommended d Pentium II 300 Mhz or greater This is the minimum speed that will allow the graph to be updated every 2 ms If the computer does not meet or exceed these requirements the setup program will not allow the Data Logger to be installed fz PEA Software Installausles Installation of the RJL Systems Data Logger software The installation from the CD ROM is generally automatic by just ea ae inserting the disc If the setup program does not automatically begin when the CD rom disk is inserted select Run from the Start Install Cyprus 2 1 Menu In the box which opens type D setup to begin the setup process Substitute the letter of the appropriate CD ROM drive for Install Datalogger D if necessary A box will appear with three buttons Click the Install DataLogger button to begin the setup process ll The setup process consists of the following windows AMOQWDS Introduction License Agreement Select Destination Location Select Entry for Start Menu Verifi cation of Installation Tasks Finish Most users will simply accept the default options when installing II Program Operation a Start the Data Logger application by either double clicking the icon on the desktop or by selecting the sho
3. Electrocardiography IPG Impedance Plethysmography GSR Galvanic Skin Response Series Res Measured BIA resistance ohms Series Xc Measured BIA reactance ohms Z Impedance Vector sum of series Res amp Xc ohms Phase Angle ArcTan of series Xc series Res dgrs Biological Model The parallel model of Res and Xc Parallel Res The biological model of Res ohms Parallel Xc The biological model of Xc ohms Cap The capacitance of biological Xc pico farads Features e Expansion New sensory modules and features can be added by a field technician or at RJL Systems e Equations Includes Cyprus and Weight Manager body composition algorithms e Includes Cyprus and data logger on CD ROM Diagnostics Internal monitoring displayed on page 9 Note Before installing any cables to the rear connectors make sure the PEA is OFF Quad 4 use serial port 1 PEA thermal printer RS 232 at 38 4Kb 2 Subject record info 900 records max for download to Cyprus or any spread sheet Phry Physiological Event al Event Analy Analyzer PEA A 120 VAC 3 Capture resistance and reactance values in Cyprus software on a PC or laptop Bus expansion monitor ERA 3 Setting up cables and connections PEA battery powered printer rear view Not used future applications Keyboard input connector to infrared mouse like Tel coupler K Keyboard am 120 VAC fuse 5 amp
4. 1 to 2147783647 O r Stop logging This is actually a special case of the above command and can be interpreted as Take zero more samples and then stop The PEA sends the string t t t to the host in acknowledgment number r Begin logging and stream the samples Take number samples and transmit them to the host as they are taken The data is not stored locally on the PEA When the PEA receives this command the specifi ed logging interval is compared against the amount of time required to transmit a sample at the current communi cations rate If the logging interval is less than the amount of time required to transmit a sample it is automatically increased to the minimum value required to accommodate real time transmission of the data Samples are then transmitted to the host as they are taken Stop logging by sending the string O r to the PEA Valid values for number range from 1 to 2147783647 i Go to the beginning of the log If a log has been batched on the PEA when you are ready to begin reading the sampled data from the unit send this character No data is returned to the host P Get next sample The next sample in the log is transmitted to the host If there are no more samples left in the log at the end the string t t t 1s sent to the host Retransmit previous sample In the event of a communications error or a serial timeout send this command to retransmit the previous sample 26 Time Mana
5. Before beginning to take samples send this com mand to clear the old log from the PEA and start a new one number r Set the logging interval to number x 1 024 milliseconds The PEA will then calculate the amount of time required to transmit a complete sample If the log ging interval is greater than the amount of time required to transmit the coded sample the string number r is returned to the host If on the other hand the interval is shorter than the amount of time required to transmit the minimum value to support real time transmission of values is returned instead of the actual logging interval Note that since the PEA does not measure time in exact mil liseconds you may wish to divide your desired sample interval by 1 024 before sending it to the PEA round to the nearest integer Valid values for number range from 1 to 4294967295 50 9 days Inumber r Begin logging and batch the samples Samples are stored on the PEA for later retrieval by the host By batching the log in this manner it is possible to take samples faster than they can be transmitted Once number samples have been taken or the PEA s storage memory has been fi lled the PEA stops logging data and transmits the string t t t to the host as a signal that it is done Setting num ber to 1 indicates that the PEA is to take samples forever or until the PEA s memory is full or logging has been ended by the host Valid values for number range from
6. current most recent patient record This causes the most recent record to be transmitted in plain ASCII with carriage returns r separating the individual fi elds Subject ID Fields will be ordered as in the adjacent table Flags Bitfi eld bit0 0 in l cm In the event that this command is received when there are z7 9 jp 7 ke no remaining stored records in memory an empty record 1s 8 y Piy Gender 0 Male 1 Female transmitted 11 consecutive carriage returns Remove current most recent record from memory The most recent record is deleted from memory making the previous record the most recent D7
7. milliseconds to days The PEA is insensitive to its ambient temperature allowing it to be used in outdoor winter and summer outdoor conditions Each PEA is tested run in an environment chamber with temperature extremes of 20 to 60 Celsius before shipment PEA modalities under development The following list is just a sample of the information which can be collected by the PEA with the proper modality boards installed Real time bioelectrical impedance analysis Impedance Plethysmography Quantitative blood fbw on virtually any segment of the human or animal body Electrical Impedance Tomography resistance and reactance Electro cardiograph ECG Galvanic Skin response GSR Infrared peripheral blood fbw skin and wound blood fbw Blood pressure and volume monitoring from infhted cuffs Regulatory The applications described in this manuscript are for investigational research purposes and have not been approved by the FDA for commercial use The RJL Systems Quantum series of instruments have been approved for use as body composition analyzers only However they may be used for other applications as investigational devices RJL Systems welcomes the mutual collaboration of commercial and or academic organizations to further the advancement of BIA sciences that may lead to patents and FDA approval of new specifi c applications using real time BIA The Quantum and PEA series of instru ments have been submitted to US and
8. the Back Space key The current active field is always placed on the top line of the LCD dis play and will scroll up and down The PEA user interface is highly intuitive and should be easy to use Any questions can be answered by calling RJL Systems at 800 528 4513 5 Application pages Resistance Reactance Impedance Page 0 Series resistance and reactance Phase DG The series model of resistance and reactance as measured directly for the BIA module with 0 1 ohms of resolution Impedance and phase angle are calculated by the following equations N PEIES eae reactance Impedance or Z N resistance reactance Phase angle arc tan or atan resistance Par Res e Ope Par Reac 4471 g Cap pF pet ile ares Page 1 Parallel resistance and reactance Imp Index 1273 The parallel model of resistance and reactance is a more accurate match to the true physiological or bio logical network of circuits Res and Reac are the series values es 1X 10 2 I1 SOK Par Reac R Parallel Reac Reac Cap pf Reac Impedance Index Imp Index is proprietary to RJL Systems Real Time Data LOGGE Messages Page 2 Real time data logging Real time data logging is PC interactive and will display various messages relevant to the starting and ending of data logging See the RJL Systems PEA Data Logger manual for further information First Name ne g Laste Name Page 3 Body composition analy
9. EA s sensor range 16384 that channel will disappear from the graph until it comes back into range If the value is still within the sensor range but out side the range on the graph you may adjust the graph s range to bring it into view see above The Batch Log button on the other hand will store the log on the PEA itself and retrieve the data only when logging is finished By using the Batch Log button sample rates of 1 ms can be achieved regardless of the time required to transmit a sample When logging begins the Sample and Graph and Batch Log buttons are disabled and the Stop See Sampling button becomes active Logging will continue until one of three things happens 1 The Stop Sampling button has been pressed 2 The desired number of samples have been taken and saved to the log fi le see part D 3 The application is closed In all cases when logging has fi nished the log file will be closed and marked with the date and time at which logging has fi nished IV Log File Format The log files generated by the data logger application are stan nce 1 Logging Began Thu Mar 13 16 55 02 2003 dard comma separated fi les csv The first line in the file con 2 Taking a sample every 4 seconds tains the timestamp of when the first sample was taken The sec Tool ond line specifi es what the sample period is The last line con 5 3 A755 2B f 8 6 4 472 4 26 0 tains the time
10. IA modality LCD display a LCD page 0 series model The BIA modality is electrically identical to the Quantum II and Quantum X instruments from RJL Systems The difference is the analog outputs are NSS LS CeCe filter with a 1 Hz second order active filter This Reactance Impedance eliminates the cardiac circulatory effect caused by each heart beat Without this fi lter the 0 1 resolution would be unstable and diffi cult to read The fi ltered Phase DG output is coupled directly to the 16 bit data acquisi tion sub system for processing by the micro con troller then displayed on the LCD readout All of the bioelectrical values are illustrated on two LCD pages The BIA parameters are toggled by the front panel paging buttons These values are not related to any anthropometric measurements including weight height and age The series equivalent model of resistance and reactance is simultaneously read directly by the BIA modality all other information is calculated from fundamental formulas of electri cal engineering All values except the Cap Pf parallel capacitance picofarads and Imp Indx impedance index are expressed in Ohms Blood flow Digital subtraction modality optional The main BIA modality has optional blood fbw modality second PC board which increases the resolution from 0 1 Saini Sea Ohms to 0 01 Ohms and decreases the subject maximum range a k to 200 Ohms full scale The subject 50 Khz detection signa
11. Real time BIA manual meju SYSTEMS A Truly Portable Body Composition Analyzer Complete Real Time Standalone BIA kit for body composition analysis and advanced scientific applications RJL Systems presents the newest member of advanced body analyzers Real Time BIA The past and present The demand for accurate body composition assessments has increased steadily throughout the world From outreach clinics in Guatemala Africa and Asia to modern university teaching hospitals in the USA The common problem with virtually all body composition analyzers is that they require a PC or laptop computer to analyze BIA values and they can not save important patient records for future comparison Printing a fast detailed report in the field or office has also been a major problem RJL Systems has the answer The Real Time BIA Body Composition kit has all the components necessary to answer these problems Infrared wireless keyboard Fast thermal printer 4 inch paper The advanced PEA analyzer Accessories electrodes cables etc e Rechargeable batteries e Rigid carrying case Resistor Capacitor Biological T7 Model of Xc ZARIA moon Ner 0 i NI membrane a parallel w AN circuit N Series Model Resistor Capacitor Xc o Capacitor Parallel Model e BIA range 0 to 1000 ohms resistance and reactance BIA resolution 0 1 ohms resistance and reactance Power The PEA batteries oper
12. as all 8 differential analog channels and various digital registers available optional Therefore the signals gen erated from the PEA modalities can be read by external data acquisition systems pin compatible to the National Instruments PCMCIA data acquisition system In addition external instruments which have analog outputs can be connected to any unused analog channels of the PEA This creates a highly inte grated instrumentation environment inclusive of PEA modalities The micro controller digital I O regis ters can be used for BIA electrode switching and scanning for impedance resistance and reactance tomography and multiple segmental observations when specially confi gured by an application request Note Pins not specified are open and can Differential analog channels be connected to digital signals upon request on modality buss uy uy uy uy kole 0 puueyo Sojeuy po a queduroo syusuIN sUI jeuoneN 100 ohms common UOWIUWIOS SOTeUY gt pa p_i O ge QD o o gt pi 9 puueyo SO eUYy puueyo sOojeUYy p puu eyo gore ajajja aaa a 50 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 1 ae puueyo Jore RA Z puueyo Sojeuy lesa Z puueyo Zope Ae ON I A G Channel 6 BIA Resistance Channel 7 BIA Reactance UOWIWIOS SOTeUY 1 000 volts 1000 0 ohms puueyo Sojeuy clea puueyo Zope Ppuu eyo Zopeuy 9 puuryo g
13. ate as a true UPS with 2 5 hours of continuous life after power is off Communications Serial 38 4 kbps RS 232 e Clock Self powered internal clock and calendar D Physiological Event Analyzer PEA The advanced PEA can incorporate up to four sensory modules that include BIA ECG IPG and GSR 1 The PEA can store over 900 patient records for later export into Cyprus or any spreadsheet In addition the user can select Cryprus or Weight Manager body composition equations Application Paging The PEA can have many different applications reside in its internal flash memory Each application is selected with the front panel paging buttons or the keyboard page keys Page 0 Series Res Xc Z and Phase angle Page 1 Parallel Res Xc Cap and Z index Page 2 Real time BIA data logging PC interactive Page 3 Body composition analysis keyboard printer Pages 4 5 6 7 future applications pages 8 9 system info Real time data logging The PEA is also designed for the scientist who wants to capture physiological events in real time These events originate from the sensory modules and are transferred back to a PC for analysis Sampling rate 1 msec to days Cyprus body composition software Body composition patient records can be transferred back to a Cyprus database for historical graphical numerical comparisons 1 ECG IPG and GSR will be available by fall 2003 Glossary BIA Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ECG
14. ation AAMI Without this isolation a medical device can not be connected to com puters or a recording device that are connected to a 120 VAC source plug Safety electrical isolation of the PEA has been built into the entire instrument with 2500 volt isolation from the subject input to external computers and the actual 120 240 volt line connection This exceeds UL 544 and most CE requirements The main power supply operates from a step down toroidal transformer with greater than 2500 volts of isolation In addition the BIA sensory module is transformer coupled at the subject interface and is tested with a high resistance Hi Pot instrument Hewlett Packard 4329A An applied voltage of 1000 VDC is placed between the subject and the analog ground for 2 minutes The resistance recorded exceeds 10 000 Megohms at 1000 VDC resulting in a leakage current of 0 1 micro amps Resolution The fundamental BIA specifi cation is a direct linear measurement of resistance and reactance orig inating from zero at 50 KHz In addition the BIA modality has a high common mode rejection ratio at the operating frequency where background noise is rejected or attenuated to virtually zero a true read ing of living biological substances A direct analog output of simultaneous resistance and reactance that can measure from 0 to 1000 ohms 1 is available on channels 6 resistance and 7 reactance The analog output signal must have an extremely high signal to noi
15. away from data logging and processing No data is returned to the host Unlock the front panel This command changes to page 2 displays a Logging Finished message and unlocks the page up and page down but tons If the PEA is still in the process of taking samples this command also stops logging No data is returned to the host Instantaneous Value Detection These commands return the current value detected on the specified Analog channel No storing or log ging of the data is performed Upon receiving one of these commands the PEA will return a 3 byte encoded integer See above To determine the actual value decode the integer and multiply by the appropriate scale factor See Analog Channels tables Message Meaning Message Meaning a Get value from 8 bit channel 0 A Get value from 16 bit channel 0 Get value from 8 bit channel 1 B Get value from 16 bit channel 1 Get value from 8 bit channel 2 C Get value from 16 bit channel 2 Get value from 8 bit channel 3 D Get value from 16 bit channel 3 Get value from 8 bit channel 4 E Get value from 16 bit channel 4 Get value from 8 bit channel 5 F Get value from 16 bit channel 5 Get value from 8 bit channel 6 G Get value from 16 bit channel 6 hy Get value from 8 bit channel 7 H Get value from 16 bit channel 7 OAs Log Management The PEA uses an 8 bit mask to determine which channels are to be logged when it comes time to take a sample The default log mas
16. ay results print results etc 1s entered When printing a report make sure the printer is turned on green light on top of the printer It has an automatic shut off feature to save battery power and can sometime turn off when not used in time See page 9 set up to set the equations Cyprus or Weight Manager units English metric and the time date format English international Page 4 5 6 7 Future applications These pages are intentionally left blank Future applications will include special functions from users who want to expand the PEA beyond its current specifi cations and design Accordingly RJL Systems 1s willing to work with any customer who wants additional usefulness from the PEA on an instrumentation hardware and software basis 10 O AM 23GA Oe 1A 200S Press ON bo Page 8 Set time and date change date time Display the current time and date or change the time and date Press the ON button front panel to change the time and date Use the up down arrow keys on the keyboard to select the time date fi eld e day minutes seconds etc then use the Back Space key to delete character from field When complete press the ON key to exit front panel The time date format English international is selected on page 9 set up DIGS TEMP G5 TE DERS V ANTO An oV 5 00 5 08 5 07 Page 9 System information and confi gure preferences Press ON for SETUP Displayed on page 9 are internal parame
17. d be pulled down this will give the PEA a comfortable viewing angle Place the keyboard infrared mouse between these two legs and connect the cable to the 9 pin keyboard connector on the back of the PEA The keyboard has two AAA batteries installed It maybe necessary to replace these batteries after 3 months of use The batter ies are only used when a key is pressed Turn the PEA on only when the keyboard and printer are connected The LCD screen will light with a light gray background and a message will roll from left to right across the screen This message will only RJL Systems appear when the PEA is turned on The PEA will return to page 0 Dee Oe f Piivs fo logal where series BIA results are displayed Since a subject is not con Event Analyzer nected the LCD will display Subject not connected The PEA is now ready for use Press the page up or page down keys on the far right of the keyboard The LCD application page and the page number on the PEA should change accordingly Page to page 9 for system information the internal powder supply voltages and temperature will be displayed continuously Configuring the PEA The user is able to configure the PEA to preferences that can vary from the time zone to the equations used to evaluate body composition and saving subject patient records for future down load See set up description for application pages 8 and 9 All editing of any PEA field is done with the up down arrow keys and
18. d timing lines o 4 0 ms o This image is an actual 4 channel recording from the PEA The image is somewhat reduced in quality because it had to be scanned in by an image scanner then reduced in size Some touch up There can be any number of channels with an arbitrary starting position and amplitude signals can over lap 15 meju SYSTEMS Real time BIA manual Technical description and applications Electrical Cardiography ECG Galvanic Skin Response GSR Impedance Plethysmography IPG The applications described in this section of the manual are for investigational research purposes and have not been approved by the FDA for commercial use advanced scientific applications 16 Physiological Event Analyzer PEA Real Time BIA The purpose of the PEA is to create a safe operating environment that displays and communicates with different self contained sensory modules which measure and monitor physiological events in real time including bioelectrical impedance analysis BIA The fundamental specifi cation of the PEA is multi channel fast high resolution 16 bits data acquisition sub systems This coupled to a powerful 16 MHz micro controller with a real time clock and calendar creates an extremely versatile instrument The micro controller unit MC68HC812A4 is a 16 bit device composed of standard on chip peripherals including external flash and Lithium battery powered RAM memory The system is pro grammed
19. ect the instantaneous true power supply volt ages Located on the upper right hand corner of the page 9 LCD display is the internal temperature of the PEA The temperature is generally a few degrees higher than ambient and can be used to monitor the outside environment of the PEA The temperature transducer is a National Semiconductor LM34 1 degree Fahrenheit accuracy and is located near the top cover of the PEA on the data acquisition board Power supply voltages and temperature are read with a 8 bit analog to digital converter The reso lution is limited to approximately 40 millivolts _Q Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis BIA Certificate of Electrode Placement Recommended Electrode Placement RJL Systems z Po Po Ps a lt ale vale Ps Po E O E N o gt Detecting lectrode gt EAREN Sue Nay ust be adjacent t lt Detartine Slecwone A rhead E lt lt a x Ae imaging ry ine a must be EK gt z T as bis ctin e inside an imaginary line 1 Se gt akle l dick T bi secting the viner SEINN ead thew r A pe fm al fea lus ie as oF SPs Ke A a ae clip T SI Ph Peu B a a F oe a EN get Nt NN x a lt ie PS i TEWM OS Bi lack nekaip Do Tata Sr si 4 P Pi nes A ae Se l S E Bla ip Dek aloe a y7 D aN et eae oe ne as fon Fits Poon a a eh on a oo ee ON __ Signal introduction oe eee Pose Sst Decides ie ws e s e A ee
20. ee DA Pet R E a ae No Yes Has the patient consumed large amounts of alcohol in the last 24 hours No Yes Does patient have an implantable defibrillator if yes stop BIA test No Yes Have the electrodes passed their expiration date if yes discard No Yes Have you placed the four electrodes according to the above illustration No Yes Is the resistance value between 250 and 900 ohms No Yes Is the reactance value between 10 and 120 ohms No Yes Are resistance and reactance values stable EEA L JOU O E e e Technician Health Care Provider Comments rw SYSTEMS Real time BIA manual Real Time event logger user manual Capturing recording resistance and reactance values with 0 1 ohm resolution from 2 0 milliseconds to 45 days per sample 16 bits The applications described in this section of the manual are for investigational research purposes and have not been approved by the FDA for commercial use advanced scientific applications 10 A RIL Systems PEA Data Logger test24 csy x File Serial Pork Logging Help Legend mee Aesistance 7000 co Aeactance Oo 100 mi ti E ak sre ti i mg oe i Th Ji ti i T i mi cor Time Configure Serial Part Sampe and Graphi Batch Lag Open Close Port Stop Sampling Minimum System Requirements The RJL Systems Data Logger has the following minimum sys tem requirements
21. entirely in the C programming language where run time objects are saved in 128KB of flash memory and user data is saved in non volatile ram body composition patient records Sensory modules return analog signals with a full scale of 2 000 volts with excellent stability and repeatability allowing full 16 bit conversion The analog to digital conversion rate can exceed 100K samples second However the serial communications rate is limited to 38 4 KBaud sec that reduces the actual data transfer At this rate two channels of 16 bit data has a maximum transfer rate of 2 millisec onds including saving samples to a local disc on a desk top or lap top See manual on PEA Data Logger software which is shipped with all PEA instruments The data acquisition module also contains dual programmable gain instrumentation amplifi ers to improve sensitivity and resolution xi The screen shot is the actual monitor of the Pea Data Logger API Two channels are displayed with a sampling rate of 2 milliseconds 38 4 K baud sec serial The saw tooth wave is 5 Hz signal on channel 0 A constant voltage is on chan nel 1 The processor is a 700 MHz Pen tum III with 33 percent of the CPU speed being used Running the same application on a 2 5 GHz Pentium IV reduces the CPU usage to 10 percent m Legend wm Resistance e5 Reactance g oO inn ae G a oe aa a C3 pr ity a7 a mr Configure Serial Por
22. gement The PEA contains an RTC Real Time Clock and calendar chip This section details the commands for setting and retrieving values from the RTC A command to retrieve a value will begin with a lowercase t A command to set a value will begin with an uppercase T Values are identifi ed as follows Identifier Value Range Command to Retrieve Command to Set b Day snubs To retrieve a value the entire command message will be two 2 characters long the command t and the identifi er to retrieve tm will retrieve the present Minute The command to set a value must be terminated by a carriage return r The message will begin with the command T next will be the identifi er to set followed by the value in plain ASCH and the car riage return Tm53 r will set the value for Minute to 53 Patient Record Manipulation In addition to serving as a data logging device the PEA can also be used as a stand alone body compo sition analyzer Entered patient records are stored in battery backed RAM for output to a host computer at a later date Because they are retained after shutdown patient records take precedence over batched data samples However since data samples are stored at the beginning of the RAM while Patient records go at the end this situation should arise only if large numbers of batched samples are stored AND a large number of patient records are stored Meaning Record Information Transmit
23. ges 4 5 6 7 are for future applications _4 What is the first thing to do Carefully unpack the keyboard printer PEA analyzer and the pouches in the cover from the carrying case Open the left pouch and remove the black printer serial cable and the keyboard infrared coupler looks like a keyboard mouse Make sure the PEA is turned off Plug the serial printer cable into the printer communications port by following the instructions on the right or referring to the Citizen Handy Printer user manual Basically push the communications port cover to the top and insert the cable To release the cable push the button on the top of the cable down and pull the cable out The infrared port has been disabled Inseting the printer serial cable 1 Push the communication port latch up 2 This will expose the serial port connector 3 Push the serial cable into the com port 4 To release the cable push the button on the top of the connector down an pull the cable out of the printer 5 See the Citizen Handy Printer manual supplied with the instrument The printer thermal paper has been installed before shipment and described in the Citizen Handy Printer user manual Place the printer in any convenient place or on top of the PEA Plug the 9 pin DB connec tor on the opposite end of the printer cable into the serial connector of the PEA see drawing on page 3 Located on the bottom front of the PEA are two tilt legs that shoul
24. k is 192 binary 00000000 11000000 which instructs the PEA to log Resis tance and Reactance values only To Select bit channel 16 bit channel 6 bitchannel EAEAEAESERE REPLIED ESERESE DERE Setbit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 10 Default mask 0 0 0 0 0 oO o O tit o o o olojo To determine the total number of bytes required to transmit a complete sample add the number of bytes required to transmit each individual channel selected plus one The one extra byte is to accommodate the delimiting r which begins each sample When a logged sample is transmitted to the host computer the delimiter r is sent first then each selected channel in ascending order For example a total of seven bytes one for the beginning delimiter then three for Resistance and fi nally three for Reactance are required to transmit the default sample Notice the difference in the number of bytes required to transmit an 8 bit channel versus a 16 bit one Because log samples are most commonly transmitted while the logging is in progress so they can be plotted on a graph in real time the high byte which will always be is eliminated in the interest of reducing transmission time _25 Message Meaning Set the log mask on the PEA to the specified number No data is returned to the host Retrieve the current log mask The value is returned to the host in 3 byte code Clear the log from memory
25. l is _ multiplied by 10 0 with a 50 Khz resonant circuit thereby 16 bit binary yp down counts lt reducing background noise because of the narrow bandwidth of ve the tuned amplifi er When the tuned BIA modality is interfaced to a separate 16 bit digital to analog subtracter the base line analog out 16 bit digital to analog converter gain X 100 analog comparators sett ee resistance and reactance signals are eliminated leaving only Vistas a their calibrated changes with respect to time The high signal _ to noise ratio of the tuned BIA detector and the digital sub o Digtalsubacierx2 oc tracter will create a real time plethysmograph that can quantify resistance and reactance changes due to blood fbw Specifi cations BIA modality Isolation barrier Nominal 10 000 Megohm at 1000 VDC subject leads to analog ground Constant current accuracy Nominal 425 microamp at 50 Khz 1 Regulation better than 0 1 Range O to 10 000 Ohms resistive or capacitive Resistance accuracy Nominal 1 0 Ohm 19 Range O to 1000 Ohms Blood flow 200 Ohms Resolution 0 1 Ohm Blood flow 0 01 Ohm Reactance accuracy Nominal 1 0 Ohm Range O to 1000 Ohms Blood flow 200 Ohms Resolution 0 1 Ohm Blood flow 0 01 Ohm Rear connector Located on the back panel of the PEA is a 50 pin male SCSI connector This connecter h
26. on to initiate the conversation between the PEA and the Data Logger application Once the data logger has suc cessfully connected to the PEA the Sample and Graph and Batch Log buttons will become active Stop Sampling If the Data Logger can not open communications with the PEA a warning message will appear If this happens make sure that the PEA is turned on and that it is connected to your computer s serial port Also make sure that no other programs like Palm Desktop s Hot Sync Manager are attempting to use that same serial port If the Data Logger still can not communicate with the PEA go back to step C and verify that the port settings are correct If all of the settings appear to be correct it may be necessary to select a different COM Port Begin taking samples by clicking either the Sample and Graph or Batch Log button When either of these buttons is clicked and no log file is presently open a window will appear asking if the data is to be saved to a log file or not Logging will begin immediately after this window is closed The Sample and Graph button retrieves and graphs data in real time Therefore the sam ple period must be greater than the amount of time required to transmit a sample If the sample period is too small to accommodate data transmission a window will appear with the minimum allowable sample rate for real time data retrieval If while graphing one of the channels should exceed the P
27. ontrol characters and does not send them A host computer may communicate with the PEA using a specially designed software such as the RJL Systems Data Logger or for testing purposes any terminal program such as Kermit or Hyper Terminal Number Transmission PEA to Host Integer Encoding 3 byte code Ideally in the interest of rapid communication the PEA would transmit raw binary data to the host computer However doing so would bring the possibility of sending XON and XOFF characters as part of the data Therefore the data must go through a form of encoding before transmission In this encoding scheme a 16 bit value to be transmitted is broken into three segments the low 5 bits the middle 6 bits and the high 5 bits On the PEA integers are 16 bits long and the PEA s processor is a big endian device Decimal 32 a space character is added to each of these segments and they are transmitted in that order low middle high For example the integer 15763 00111 101100 10011 in binary would be transmitted as 3P An 8 bit value is normally treated as a 16 bit value where the top 8 bits are 0 Note that SHRT_MAX 32767 01111 111111 11111 in binary is a special value intended under nor mal circumstances to represent a value OUT OF RANGE Host to PEA ASCII Strings For simplicity sake since the vast majority of traffic will be from the PEA to the host computer any numbers transmitted to the PEA by
28. opeuy puuryo gopeuy p puueyo Zopeuy puu ryo Zopeuy 0 Ppuueryo Sopeuy Bus expansion Monitor rear SCSI connector Serial communications Located on the rear panel is a 9 pin RS 232 compatible serial connection to a local PC or worksta tion Communication rates are at 38 400 bits sec or higher Programmed within the memory of the micro controller is a serial command interpreter where specifi c simple requests are sent to the PEA for analysis Once a request is sent the PEA will immediately send the appropriate information back to the caller PC or workstation All internal PEA data are stored as signed 16 bit words The data word is delivered back to the caller in a communication wrapper requiring three 3 bytes to complete the trans fer of the 16 bit word There are no control or escape characters transferred to the caller therefore most _20 software communication protocols XON XOFF will work reliably Considering a baud rate of 38 4 KBaud a 16 bit word requires 781 micro seconds for a complete transfer Real time data that requires faster sampling can be saved in the micro controllers 128K 512K optional battery backed RAM for later transfer to the caller as a special request Cyprus is fully compatible with this protocol allowing resistance and reactance values to be read directly into the Cyprus program to 0 1 ohms In addition data logging software is also available that can set sampling rates from
29. rtcut from the Start menu RJL ah RIL Systems Datalogger To open a log fi le select Open Log File from the File menu This File SerialPort Loc will open a standard fi le chooser window Type the name for the log Shen log rie fi le and select the folder in which to save it and click Ok The name of the log fi le will now appear in the title bar at the top of the Data Logger window see image on page 1 Hlase Log File Exit Confi gure the serial port by either clicking the Confi gure Serial Port at the bottom of the window or selecting Confi gure Serial Port from the Serial Port menu Select which serial port to connect to the PEA with Usually either COM1 or COM2 For your PEA unit the rest of the settings should be as follows Baud Rate 38 4k Data Bits 8 Parity None o me T OTROSR Stop Bits 1 E SOND All of the checkboxes should be empty Set how often to take a sample in the Sampling Options window EME xl This window is opened by selecting Set Sample Rate and Dura Sample Rate e gt Take 4 sample every tion from the Logging menu The minimum time period 10 00 riiseconds between samples is 1 millisecond and the maximum is 45 days ae Take 1 samples To take only a specific number of samples before closing the log Set to 1 to log until cancelled file specify the number of samples in the Log Length field To i ji s Advanced
30. se ratio SNR or resolution because of the small signal changes that are due to the series parallel effect of the physiological event The baseline resistance and reactance values may be 10 000 times larger than their respective changes Designing the instrument as a pure analog device will achieve the highest possible resolution The BIA modality is an analog circuit which can achieve a SNR of 10 000 to 1 With modest fi Itering this ratio can be improved to 100 000 to 1 and maintain excellent frequency response of the event segmental blood fbw LCD display The display is back lit with four ultra bright white light emitting diodes LEDS This creates a white gray background that is contrasted with bright blue characters Readability is excellent at any viewing angle or ambient light level The display is updated at a viewing rate that 1s comfortable to read without any LCD ficker The display can be reversed with a dark blue background and white characters as an option LCD display paging The LCD display can be paged by pressing the page up or page down buttons There are 10 LCD pages ranging from O to 9 Each page triggers a different response from E the micro controller unique information Since the LCD display is limited to 4 lines paging allows the equivalent of 40 lines information to be displayed See BIA modal ity LCD display Paging also takes place with the keyboard scroll up and scroll down keys optional 18 The B
31. sis BEREE The body composition applications is a fully implemented analytical tool for assessing body composi tion It makes use of the keyboard and printer including saving patient records for future download to Cyprus or any spreadsheet Height and weight units can be metric or English and fi rst last name can be as long as 19 characters In addition each subject record is date and time stamped in military or English time date standards refer to page 9 set up instructions Reac Parallel Res Res Once a character is entered in the first or last name fi elds the paging feature of the PEA is disabled All the subject patient data must be entered to complete the record Each field name height weight etc will appear on the top line Lines can be edited and scrolled with the arrow keys The Back Space key is used to delete any character when editing a specific fi eld All numerical information is checked for valid ity and will not allow the user to move to the next field until the information is within an acceptable range The resistance and reactance fi elds can be manually entered or be automatically read by the PEA by pressing the F1 function key on the top of the keyboard Once all the subject patient information has been entered the body composition results can be displayed on the LCD screen or printed A subject record can only be saved when all information is successfully entered and the body composition option screen displ
32. stamp when the log fi le was closed The remaining al aya 8 Lagging Finished Thu Mar 13 16 55 08 2003 lines have the following format o Column A Sample ID Column B Resistance Value Column C Reactance Value Any values which the PEA has reported as being out of range gt 16384 or lt 16384 will be listed as N A in the log When logging has fi nished and the log fi le has been closed it may be viewed with any text editor such as Microsoft Notepad spreadsheet such as Microsoft Excel or Corel s Quattro Pro or any data analysis software package gnuplot free Matlab etc V Exiting From the Application To exit from the data logger application either click on the X button in the upper right corner or select Exit from the File menu Notepad Excel and Quattro Pro are not RJL Systems products They are each Copyrighted by their respective companies Palm Desktop and the Hot Sync Manager are not products of RJL Systems They are products of Palm Inc and Copyrighted by Palm Inc _14 Transforming the PEA printer into a multichannel analog strip chart recorder PEA Printer pixelizing 16 bit analog real time data Calibrated amplitude wa Applications include 1 Electrocardiography ECG 2 Plethysmography IPG 3 Reflective infrared pulse timing with ECG 4 Any event from milliseconds to minutes as over lapping multi channel events Time po Calibrate
33. t Sample and Graph Batch Log Open Close Port Stop Sampling There are four 50 pin connector slots for expan Sa pi ae sion of new sensory modules modalities Each 5s serine Mamet fa ae a modality slot is directly connected to any of an ema aa ies Mea eight analog differential lines of the data acqui ja foje ae Seen a sition sub system 16 bits at 100K samples sec Pi Also two 8 bit bi directional micro controller 1 maria re data registers are connected to these slots for i E further application development This combina ma tion of a analog and digital bus structure makes 7 development of new sensory modules simple poa o e anase dit L and easy to implement Modules currently in EZ ea i Fe development are ECG electrocardiography st 2 GSR galvanic skin response and IPG impedance plethysmography _17 Instrument design safety and resolution Isolation safety A safe electrical isolation barrier between the subject patient and earth ground must exist elimi nating the possibility of electrical shock A leakage current across this barrier from a possible 120 VAC source should ideally be below 10 micro amps as defined by The Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrument
34. take samples continuously until the Stop Sampling button is Cancel pressed set the log length to 1 Epa Clicking the Advanced button in the Sampling Options win dow opens the Advanced Graphing Options window This win dow contains the following settings Advance d Graphing Options xj Pixels per sample fi fon graph Plot every sample on graph Plot one out of every fi samples taken Cancel l Pixels per sample To spread the graph out a bit and make details somewhat easier to read raise this value Its default value is 1 2 Sample skipping Computers with slower processors may not be able to keep up with faster sample rates As a result it may be desirable to log samples at a fast rate for later processing and only graph every other sample The default is to plot every sam ple logged on the graph change ranges on graph xi Graph Ranges The DataLogger defaults to a range of 0 1000 for Se Resistance and 0 100 for Reactance These ranges can be over gt T the ridden by selecting Graphing Options from the Logging Reactor menu Changing the range while logging is in progress will cause acini the graph to clear but will not affect the readings going into the C Custom fO to 100 Ohi log fi le i Cancel Taking Samples Before logging can begin the PEA must be turned on and connected to the serial port Click the Open Batch Lag Close Port butt
35. ters that include the operating temperature and the three main power supply voltages These measurements are monitored continuously and reflect the real state of the PEA Each PEA is temperature tested from 5 to 140 degrees Fahrenheit with less than 3 percent varia tion in power supply voltage and less than percent variation in resistance and reactance The following preferences can be confi gured on page 9 when the ON button front panel is pressed Page 9 Set up parameter English preference metric preference e Height inch centimeter e Weight pounds kilogram e Date Format MM DD YY YY YY YY MM DD e Time Format AM PM 24 hr e Equation set Cyprus FNA Weight Manager e Save patient records Yes No press ON front panel to exit the set up mode IJa Power supply monitor and self diagnostics The PEA can safely operate both from the power line 120 240 VAC or its internal battery This feature is implemented as a true uninterruptible power supply UPS with 2 5 hours of continuous bat tery life once the line voltage is in a brown out or black out condition When the instrument is oper ated from the line the battery is charged and the internal electronics are run independent of the battery The battery is therefore charged at its maximum safe rate without any leakage back to the internal electronics Battery charging is part of a constant voltage 13 8 volts current limited 170 Ma power supply keeping the battery from being o
36. the host will be sent as ASCII strings Conversation Any message that consists of just a single character will be enclosed in single quotes C If the message is a multi byte string it will be enclosed in double quotes For the remainder of this document the following conventions will be used to represent certain special characters Escaped Character Character Code decimal hex Name t 9 0x09 Tab 13 OxOD Carriage Return An Protocol Detection Message Meaning Protocol version detection y r When the PEA receives either of these strings it responds with a string identify ing the version of the protocol implemented For version 1 1 of the PEA protocol this response string will be PEA11 r Front Panel Management Message Meaning gt 0 r gt 9 r Go to the specified page The LED page indicator is updated and the information associated with that page number is displayed on the LCD No data is returned to the host lt text r Go to page 2 and display the message text everything between lt and r on the LCD For easy formatting it is recommended that the message text be 40 characters or less No data is returned to the host A Lock the front panel This command changes to page 2 displays a Please Wait message and locks the page up and page down buttons This is especially useful in higher data rate logging applications to pre vent updating the LCD from taking valuable time
37. ver charged When the battery is discharged to its minimum state the system will automatically turn off with an appropriate warning blinking light C This keeps the battery from being completely discharged thereby improving battery life many years of trouble free operation This power management feature allows events to be recorded in real time independent of power line conditions On the lower right hand corner there are four green LED s that continuously monitor the conditions of the power supply and battery Light A Indicates the instrument is powered from the 120 240 line Light B Indicates the battery if fully charged trickle charging Light C Blinks when the battery is discharged to its minimum level then automatically turns the instrument off after 16 blinks Light D Indicates that all power supplies are within their specifi cations There are three internal switching power supplies powered from the battery or line All digital components including Danes TEMP 85 F the micro controller are operated by a 5 volt digital supply DC aw AN rov An 57 indicated on the third line below DG 5V on LCD display ROO 5 06 oO Page 9 The voltages of the 5 volt analog supplies are Pmese ON ioe Salle indicated below AN 5V and AN 5V ALL sensory mod ules modalities and the data acquisition sub system require the analog supplies because of its low noise and temperature stability The LCD display readings are contin uous and refl
38. world patent offi ces _2 PEA Communication Protocol Implementation 1 1 Page Assignments applications The PEA has ten screen pages which can be selected via the page up and page down buttons on the front panel At present the pages are arranged as follows Purpose Serial Resistance Serial Reactance Impedance and Phase Angle Parallel Resistance Parallel Reactance Capacitance and Impedance Index Real time data logger message display Body Composition Analysis Currently Unused Display and set current time and Date Unit Health This page displays the voltages of the three main power supplies and the internal temperature F Also modify confi guration options Analog Channels 8 bit Unsigned Values range from 0 255 Channel Value Scale Voltage on the 5V approx 0 0385 V Division Analog Power supply approx 0 0385 V Division Digital Power supply approx 0 0385 V Division Analog Power supply approx 0 65 Degrees Division Subject Connected detection Subject connected if value gt 50 Currently unused 16 bit Signed Values range from 32768 to 32767 Channel Value Scale Currently Unused a 6 Resistance 0 1 Ohm Division 0 1 Ohm Division SD Serial Settings Version 1 1 of the PEA requires the following settings on the host serial port 38400 bps 8 data bits NO parity 1 stop bit NO fbw control The PEA does understand XON and XOFF software fbw c
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