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Glossary

1. Glossary This glossary explains the technical terms that are frequently used in this manual Acceleration time Period required when an inverter accelerates its output from 0 Hz to the output frequency Related function codes F03 F07 E10 and H54 Alarm mode One of the three operation modes supported by the inverter If the inverter detects any malfunction error or fault in its operation it immediately shuts down or trips the output to the motor and enters this mode in which corresponding alarm codes are displayed on the LED monitor Alarm output for any faults A mechanical contact output signal that is generated when the inverter is halted by an alarm by short circuiting between terminals 30A and 30C Related function code E27 See Alarm mode Analog input An external voltage or current input signal to give the inverter the frequency command The analog voltage is applied on the terminal 11 or V2 the current on the C1 These terminals are also used to input the signal from the external potentiometer PTC and PID feedback signals depending on the function code definition Related function codes F01 C30 E60 to E62 and J02 Analog output An analog DC output signal of the monitored data such as the output frequency the current and voltage inside an inverter The signal drive an analog meter installed outside the inverter for indicating the current inverter running status Refer to Chapter 8 Se
2. per minute Required power kW _ Rotating speed r min x Torque N em 9 55 Related function code F37 Applications Fans and pumps Required torque N m Required power o Required torque Rotating speed of load machine Voltage and frequency variations Variations in the input voltage or frequency within permissible limits Variations outside these limits might cause an inverter or motor to fail G 6 Designed For Fan and Pump Applications FRENIC ECO User s Manual First Edition March 2005 Fuji Electric FA Components amp Systems Co Ltd The purpose of this manual is to provide accurate information in the handling setting up and operating of the FRENIC Eco series of inverters Please feel free to send your comments regarding any errors or omissions you may have found or any suggestions you may have for generally improving the manual In no event will Fuji Electric FA Components amp Systems Co Ltd be liable for any direct or indirect damages resulting from the application of the information in this manual
3. Related function codes C32 C34 C37 and C39 IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor Stands for Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor that enables the inverter section to switch high voltage current DC power in very high speed and to output pulse train Interphase unbalance A condition of an AC input voltage supply voltage that states the voltage balance of each phase in an expression as Interphase voltage unbalance _ Max voltage V Min voltage V x 3 phase average voltage V 67 Inverse mode operation A mode of operation in which the output frequency lowers as the analog input signal level rises Jogging operation A special operation mode of inverters in which a motor jogs forward or reverse for a short time at a slower speed than usual operating modes Related function codes F03 C20 and H54 Jump frequencies Frequencies that have a certain output with no change in the output frequency within the specified frequency band in order to skip the resonance frequency band of a machine Related function codes C01 to C04 Keypad operation To use a keypad to run an inverter Line speed Running speed of an object e g conveyor driven by the motor The unit is meter per minute m min luessojg Load shaft speed Number of revolutions per minute r min of a rotating load driven by the motor such as a fan Main circuit terminals Power input output terminals of an inverter which include
4. age that is generated across the output terminal when the AC input voltage supply voltage and frequency meet their rated conditions and the output frequency of the inverter equals the base frequency Required power supply capacity The capacity required of a power supply for an inverter This is calculated by solving either of the following equations and is stated in kVA Required power supply capacity kVA 43 x 200 x Input RMS current 200V 50Hz or 43 x 220 x Input RMS current 220V 60Hz Required power supply capacity kVA 43 x 400 x Input RMS current 400V 50Hz or 43 x 440 x Input RMS current 40V 60Hz Glossary Running mode One of the three operation modes supported by the inverter If the inverter is turned ON it automatically enters this mode which you may run stop the motor set up the reference frequency monitor the running status and jog the motor S curve acceleration deceleration weak strong To reduce the impact on the inverter driven machine during acceleration deceleration the inverter gradually accelerates decelerates the motor at the both ends of the acceleration deceleration zones like a figure of S letter Related function code H07 Slip compensation control A mode of control in which the output frequency of an inverter plus an amount of slip compensation is used as an actual output frequency to compensate for motor slippage Related function code P09 Stall A be
5. ce required to stop a running motor Power Inverter Motor During accelerating or running at constant speed Power Inverter During decelerating Auesso 5 If a deceleration time is shorter than the natural stopping time coast to stop determined by a moment of inertia for a load machine then the motor works as a generator when it decelerates causing the kinetic energy of the load to be converted to electrical energy that is returned to the inverter from the motor If this power regenerative power is consumed or accumulated by the inverter the motor generates a braking force called braking torque Carrier frequency Frequency used to modulate a modulated frequency to establish the modulation period of a pulse width under the PWM control system The higher the carrier frequency the closer the inverter output current approaches a sinusoidal waveform and the quieter the motor becomes Related function code F26 Coast to stop If the inverter stops its output when the motor is running the motor will coast to a stop due to inertial force Communications link function A feature to control an inverter from external equipment serially linked to the inverter such as a PC or PLC Related function code H30 Constant feeding rate time Time required for an object to move in a constant distance previously defined The faster speed the shorter time and vise versa This facility may be appli
6. ction 8 4 1 Terminal functions Applicable motor rating Rated output in kW of a general purpose motor that is used as a standard motor listed in tables in Chapter 6 SELECTING PERIPHERAL EQUIPMENT and Chapter 8 SPECIFICA TIONS Automatic deceleration A control mode in which deceleration time is automatically extended up to 3 times of the commanded time to prevent the inverter from tripping due to an overvoltage caused by regenerative power even if a braking resistor is used Related function code H69 Glossary Automatic energy saving operation Energy saving operation that automatically drives the motor with lower output voltage when the motor load has been light for minimizing the product of voltage and current electric power Related function code F37 AVR Automatic Voltage Regulator control A control that keeps an output voltage constant regardless to variations of the input source voltage or load Base frequency Output voltage V Rated voltage at base frequency Output 0 4 4 frequency Hz Base Maximum frequency frequency The minimum frequency at which an inverter delivers a constant voltage in the output V f pattern Related function code F04 Bias A value to be added to an analog input frequency to modify and produce the output frequency Related function codes F18 C50 to C52 Braking torque Torque that acts in a direction that will stop a rotating motor or the for
7. ectronic thermal overload protection to issue an early warning of the motor overheating to safeguard a motor An inverter calculates the motor overheat condition based on the internal data given by function code P99 about the properties of the motor and the driving conditions such as the drive current voltage and frequency External potentiometer A potentiometer optional that is used to set frequencies as well as built in one Fan stop operation A mode of control in which the cooling fan is shut down if the internal temperature in the inverter is low and when no operation command is issued Related function code H06 Frequency accuracy stability The percentage of variations in output frequency to a predefined maximum frequency Frequency limiter Frequency limiter used inside the inverter to control the internal drive frequency in order to keep the motor speed within the specified level between the high and low frequency Related function codes F15 F16 and H64 G 3 Glossary Frequency resolution The minimum step or increment in which output frequency is varied rather than continuously Function code Code to customize the inverter Setting function codes realizes the potential capability of the inverter to meet it for the individual power system applications Gain for frequency command A frequency command gain enables varying the slope the reference frequency set with an analog input signal
8. ed to a chemical process that determines a processing time of materials as the speed such as heating cooling drying or doping in some constant speed machinery Related function codes E50 Constant output load A constant output load is characterized by 1 The required torque is in inverse proportion to the load r min 2 An essentially constant power requirement Related function code F37 Applications Machine tool spindles Required torque N m o e as 33 F Ss Required power kW co oO Rotating speed of load machine a G 2 Constant torque load A constant torque load is characterized by 1 A requirement for an essentially constant torque regardless of the r min 2 A power requirement proportion to the r min Related function code F37 Applications Conveyors elevators and transport machines that decreases in Required torque N m Required power 2 Required torque 2 Required power kW Rotating speed of load machine Control circuit terminals Terminals on the inverter which are used for input output of signals to control or manage the inverter external equipment directly or indirectly Current limiter A device that keeps an inverter output frequency within the specified current limit Cursor Marker blinking on the four digit 7 segment LED monitor which shows that data in the blinking digit can be changed modified by keying op
9. eedback values See Chapter 4 Figure 4 7 Related function codes E01 to E03 E40 E41 E43 E60 to E62 C51 C52 JO1 to J06 Programming mode One of the three operation modes supported by the inverter This mode uses the menu driven system and allows the user to set function codes or check the inverter status maintenance information G 4 PTC Positive Temperature Coefficient thermistor Type of thermistor with a positive temperature coefficient Used to safeguard a motor Related function codes H26 and H27 Rated capacity The rating of an inverter output capacity at the secondary side or the apparent power that is represented by the rated output voltage times the rated output current which is calculated by solving the following equation and is stated in kVA Rated capacity kVA 43 x Rated output voltage V x Rated output current A x107 The rated output voltage is assumed to be 220 V for 200 V class equipment and 440 V for 400 V class equipment Rated output current A total RMS equivalent to the current that flows through the output terminal under the rated input and output conditions the output voltage current frequency and load factor meet their rated conditions Essentially equipment rated at 200 V covers the current of a 200 V 50 Hz 6 pole motor and equipment rated at 400 V covers the current of a 380 V 50 Hz 4 pole motor Rated output voltage A fundamental wave RMS equivalent to the volt
10. erates predefined data from within an inverter via a transistor open collector Trip In response to an overvoltage overcurrent or any other unusual condition actuation of an inverter s protective circuit to stop the inverter output V f characteristic A characteristic expression of the variations in output voltage V V and relative to variations in output frequency f Hz To achieve efficient motor operation an appropriate V f voltage frequency characteristic helps a motor produce its output torque matching the torque characteristics of a load Auesso 5 V f control The rotating speed N r min of a motor can be stated in an expression as p where f Output frequency p Number of poles s Slippage On the basis of this expression varying the output frequency varies the speed of the motor However simply varying the output frequency f Hz would result in an overheated motor or would not allow the motor to demonstrate its optimum utility if the output voltage V V remains constant For this reason the output voltage V must be varied with the output frequency f by using an inverter This scheme of control is called V f control Variable torque load A squared torque load is characterized by 1 A change in the required torque in proportion to the square of the number of revolutions per minute 2 A power requirement that decreases in proportion to the cube of the decrease in the number of revolutions
11. eration Curvilinear V f pattern A generic name for the inverter output patterns with curvilinear relation between the frequency and voltage Refer to function code H07 in Chapter 9 Section 9 2 5 H codes DC braking DC injection braking DC current braking that an inverter injects into the motor to brake and stop it against the moment of inertia of the motor or its load The inertial energy generated is consumed as heat in the motor If a motor having the load with large moment of inertia is going to stop abruptly the moment of inertia may force to rotate the motor after the inverter output frequency has been reduced to 0 Hz Use DC injection braking to stop the motor completely Related function codes F20 and F21 DC link bus voltage Voltage at the DC link bus that is the end stage of the converter part of inverters The part rectifies the input AC power to charge the DC link bus capacitor s as the DC power to be inverted to AC power Deceleration time Period during which an inverter slows its output frequency down from the maximum to 0 Hz Related function codes F03 F08 E11 and H54 Digital input Input signals given to the programmable input terminals or the programmable input terminals themselves A command assigned to the digital input is called the terminal command to control the inverter externally Refer to Chapter 8 Section 8 4 1 functions Terminal Electronic thermal overload protection El
12. havior of a motor when it loses speed by tripping of the inverter due to overcurrent detection or other malfunctions of the inverter Starting frequency The minimum frequency at which an inverter starts its output not the frequency at which a motor starts rotating Related function code F23 Starting torque Torque that a motor produces when it starts rotating or the drive torque with which the motor can run a load Simultaneous keying To simultaneously press the 2 keys on the keypad This presents the special function of inverters Stop frequency The output frequency at which an inverter stops its output Related function code F25 Thermal time constant The time needed to activate the electronic thermal overload protection after the preset operation level current continuously flows This is an adjustable function code data to meet the property of a motor that is not manufactured by Fuji Electric Related function code F12 Torque boost If a general purpose motor is run with an inverter voltage drops will have a pronounced effect in a low frequency region reducing the motor output torque In a low frequency range therefore to increase the motor output torque it is necessary to augment the output voltage This process of voltage compensation is called torque boost Related function code F09 Output voltage V Torque boost 0 Output frequency Hz Transistor output A control signal that gen
13. s terminals to connect the power source motor DC rector braking resistor and other power components Maximum frequency The output frequency commanded by the input of the maximum value of a reference frequency setup signal for example 10 V for a voltage input range of 0 to 10 V or 20 mA for a current input range of 4 to 20 mA Related function code F03 Modbus RTU Communication protocol used in global FA network market which is developed by Modicon Inc USA Momentary voltage dip capability The minimum voltage V and time ms that permit continued rotation of the motor after a momentary voltage drop instantaneous power failure Multistep frequency selection To preset frequencies up to 7 stages then select them at some later time using external signals Related function codes E01 to E03 C05 to C11 Overload capability The overload current that an inverter can tolerate expressed as a percentage of the rated output current and also as a permissible energization time PID control The scheme of control that brings controlled objects to a desired value quickly and accurately and which consists of three categories of action proportional integral and derivative Proportional action minimizes errors from a set point Integral action resets errors from a desired value to 0 Derivative action applies a control value in proportion to a differential component of the difference between the PID reference and f

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