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1. ARIS11A ARIS Summary Report Regional Geologist Smithers Date Approved 1999 02 11 Off Confidential 1999 08 21 ASSESSMENT REPORT 25725 Mining Division s Atlin Property Name Thom Location NAD 27 Latitude 58 34 00 Longitude 132 48 00 UTM 08 6493689 627970 NAD 83 Latitude 58 33 59 Longitude 132 48 07 UTM 08 6493864 627853 NTS 104K10W Camp Claim s Check Mate Stuart 1 3 Operator s Kohima Pacific Gold Corp Almaden Resources Corp Author s Poliquin J Duane Poliquin Morgan Report Year 1998 No of Pages 68 Pages Commodities Searched For Gold Copper Silver General GEOL GEOC Work Categories Work Done Geochemical SES SAMP Sampling assaying 13 sample s a EE quiste Elements Analyzed For Multielement Geological MNGR Mineralographic 84 sample s PIMA Keywords Brecciation Enargite Porphyritic andesites Pyrite Quartz feldspar porphyry Rhyolites Stuhini Group Triassic Statement Nos 3123282 3127941 MINFILE Nos 104K 018 104K 031 104K 116 Related Reports 02512 10243 11923 15897 Ministry of Energy and Mines Thursday February 11 1999 Page 1 Geology and Hydrothermal Alteration Mineralogy of The Thorn Prospect 104 K 10W Atlin Mining Division 58 34 N 132 48 W by Morgan J Poliquin M Sc and for Kohima Pacific Gold Corp November 13 1998 Check mate Stuart 1 Stuart 2 Stuart 3 Claims GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BRANCH ASSESSMENT REPORT2. 2 The word LINEAR 3 No points starting wavelength ending wavelength These numbers for PIMA are 601 1300 2500 4 The next n points divided by five lines are the reflectance values 5 The last line is again 601 1300 2500 SOURCE PATH NAME The raw data files directory location If no text is entered here then PimaEdit assumes the current directory is to be used Always use the correct MS DOS syntax when writing directory paths For example CAPIMA PIMAFILES 23 SOURCE FILE SPEC Specify the batch wildcards This text is used for selecting what files are to be converted to the new format It uses the MS DOS wildcard syntax which allows for a variety of options in filtering letters and extensions for file selection For examples the user wants to select all dsp files for conversion then type DSP For only one file to be converted type PIMAFILE DSP or a selection of files For further information on wildcards consult a MS DOS reference book DEST PATH NAME The converted data files directory If no text is entered here then PimaEdit assumes the current directory is to be used DEST ASCII FILE EXT The extension for ASCII output DEST BINARY FILE EXT The extension for binary output These two text options specify the output extensions for the ASCII and BINARY files Usually PimaEdit uses TXT for ASCII files and BIN for binary files REFERENCE FILENAME Filename for
3. i i i i i i i J D Poliquin P Eng i i i l l 1 Q5 C5 Table of Contents MINI allacciato 2 Style of Mimeraliziioni iaia 2 UE 4 Location and Accon ao suce naa ea EE ee 4 qiti iid ta iride da ios OE vente ii 6 HS ER NE lei eae Ae 6 ETE EE 8 Regional aaa 8 Property GeOlOEY 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 stas Du ear e 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 12121212121212121212121 1 1 8 Alteration Mineralogy accen 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 nia 8 Methodology 1 1 1 1 ins 1 0 10 Resule 10 DISCUSSO cicale 11 Sampling Results 0010100101 13 Outcrop Sampling Results C 13 Diamond Drill 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 eese 2 2 14 Conclusions and Recommendations 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 14 1 1 1 1 1 1 Vp 1 1 0 16 Appendix A PIMA Data and Example Spectra ee 17 Appendix B Assay Certificates 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12 2 2 2 30 1 1 1 sees 1 1 1 1201 1 12 2 1 4 0000 34 Appendix D EE 36 Appendix E PIMA Manual 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 0 Eee 38 List of Figures and Tables Figure 1 Location Map ae 3 Figure 2 Index Map eene DEN 5 Figure 3 Property Geology 0 1 1 1 1 2 201000 7 Figure 4 Location of Drillholes and Discovery Enargite Pyrite Zone eee 9 Figure 5 Example of PIMA Spectm 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 re 2 2 2 2 2 lead eia Per cY s
4. Souther 1971 The youngest rocks in the area are the largely flat lying Sloko group Tertiary rhyolite volcanics Property Geology The project covers an area of hydrothermal alteration developed in andesite tuffs of the Stuhini Group Altered quartz feldspar dykes intrude these rocks as do fine grained mafic dykes A specimen was selected by Dr Panteleyev during a visit to the property in 1990 for K Ar age dating According to Dr Panteleyev a date of 80 Ma was obtained for altered Stuhini volcanics pers com Panteleyev 1998 This date suggests that alteration and mineralization in not associated with flat lying Sloko rhyolites as has been previously assumed Outcrop is sparse and largely restricted to creek walls and peaks No mapping was carried out as part of the present work From an examination of the core it was noted that altered rock included Stuhini volcanic tuffs Previous work described quartz feldspar dykes as the only significantly altered units Alteration and Mineralization Intense phyllosilicate sulphate pyrite quartz alteration occurs over a roughly 2 x 2 kilometer area Outcrops largely occur in canyons and creek walls The altered rock is forms spectacular white yellow in colour bluffs on the walls of La Jaune and Camp Creeks in sharp contrast to the subdued colours of the Coast rainforest The alteration zones are aligned in a roughly northeast southwest direction Figure 3 The most significant zone of alteration is
5. ZOOM Zoom spectra display by a factor of 2 Selecting this option will enable zooming of the spectra by a factor of 2 about the cursor This is equivalent to pressing the Z key during the view mode COARSE Scan the spectrum double speed This option provides for fast scanning with the spectrum being sampled approximately every 4 nm This option is recognised when the raw data being displayed will not reach the end of the screen This mode is used when large numbers of samples are required or as a first quick look mode ENHANCE Increase integration time by factor displayed Various samples reflect light by different amounts Or some mineral samples are darker than others When a dark mineral is being sampled it may be useful to 16 EN e E EN i PIMA Il Operations Manual 6 8 Utility increase the integration time by two three or four times This is easily achieved by typing the E key when in the Options menu Note that when the E key is pressed a number displayed in the menu increments from O to 3 Where 0 Normal mode 1 Integrate factor 2 2 Integrate factor 3 3 Integrate factor 4 Jf too high an increase is selected signal saturation can occur From a technical point of view this procedure improves the signal to noise ratio Note that the enhance option must be off for calibration Pressing the U key will activate this menu with three sub menus For this version of software only th
6. THOIN PHONE 604 984 0221 FAX 604 984 0218 Comments ATTN M POLIQUIN CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS A9830393 PREP Mo Na Ni P Pb Sb Sc Sr Ti TL U v W Zn SAMPLE CODE ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm 1 0 0 4 3 0 0 5 6 0 0 5 1 lt 0 0 9 1 lt 0 0 4 1 0 01 5 3 1 lt 0 01 6 1 1 0 01 5 1 1 lt 0 01 7 2 1 lt 0 01 6 2 lt 1 lt 0 01 6 20 80 12 1 26 lt 0 01 10 10 2 lt 10 56 A 2 ME De CERTIFICATION V SATT rn 2 9 0 Appendix C I Morgan J Poliquin certify that 1 I received a B A Sc degree in Geological Engineering from U B C in 1994 and a M Sc degree in Geology from the University of Auckland in New Zealand in 1997 2 I have worked in mineral exploration in Canada Mexico Eastern Europe the South Pacific and the U S A since graduating 3 Tama member of the Society of Economic Geologists and the Canadian Institute of Mining Metallurgy and Petroleum 4 I am the jdent of Kohima Pacific Gold Corp which owns the Stuart 1 Stuart 2 and Stuart 3 claims ire a 100 interest in the Check mate claim M J PolQuin M Sc I J D Poliquin certify that 1 I received a Bachelors degree in Geological Engineering from the University of Saskatchewan in 1962 and have been practicing my profession since that time 2 I am registered as a Professional Engineer in the Province of British Columbia 3 Iam a member of the Canadian Institute of Mining Metallu
7. 10 Table 1 Claim Information 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 12 2 2 21212 2 ee 2 GR Rb ae 4 Table 2 Hand Trenching Results from American Uranium Work 1968 mmemseevesesvrrvrerserssesesereren 6 Table 3 Diamond Drilling Results from Inland Recovery work 1986 sese Table 4 PIMA Results for TE 11 Table 5 PIMA Results for Hole Se 12 Table 6 PIMA Results for Hole 86 6 nnnennsrerreerrvovevesrrrenrveerererevssenesnnnesrsrsessersssesseesssvnsesesesnsesssssvevere 13 Table 7 Outcrop Sampling Results nun 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 inni 13 Table 8 Sampling from Hole 86 3 1 4 0000 14 Table 9 Complete Assay Intervals Hole 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 14 Table 10 Costs for Proposed Phase I work ee 121 007 0 00011010 15 Summary The Thorn prospect has been recognized as a zone of spectacular alteration for some time Brightly coloured alteration occurs in rock faces along La Jaune and Camp Creeks south of the Sutlahine River The intermittent work initially concentrated on the porphyry potential in the area The gold potential was only the focus in the most recent campaigns of work The alteration mineralogy and style of mineralization alerted the author to the potential to find high sulphidation epithermal mineralization In past campaigns of work enargite bearing massive sulphide boulders have been found in La Jaune Creek The best value obtained from float sampling was 8 45 Cu 22 g t Au and 311 g t Ag Hand trenching never found th
8. B C Assessment Report 10423 Woodcock J R 1987 Drilling report on the Thorn property B C Assessment Report 15897 16 fs E o a n lt a Appendix A EXAMPLE OF ALUNITE SPECTRA 94 77 60 42 25 5 1200 1500 1700 1900 2100 2300 2500 Wavelength in nm EXAMPLE OF DICKITE SPECTRA 79 64 48 32 17 i 1300 1500 1700 1900 2100 2300 2500 Wavelength in nm EXAMPLE OF KAOLINITE SPECTRA 78 61 45 29 12 4 1300 1500 1700 1900 2100 2300 2500 Wavelength Im nm EXAMPLE OF ILLITE SPECTRA 9 73 56 38 20 3 1300 1500 1700 1900 2100 2300 2500 WaveLength ir nm EXAMPLE OF SMECTITE SPECTRA 80 63 45 28 10 Wavelength in nm EXAMPLE OF PYROPHYLLITE SPECTRA 77 60 44 28 12 4 1300 1500 1700 1900 2100 2300 2500 Wavelength im nm SPEC MONCI INTEGRATED Sample Spectra for Hole 86 1 Specimens WaveLength in nm 1 11 1 12 1 13 1 23 1 24 1 25 1 26 1 27 1 28 1 29 1 30 1 31 1 32 1 33 1 34 1 35 1 36 WaveLength in nm Sample Spectra for Hole 86 3 WaveLength in nm WaveLength in nm SPRCTRONICE Sample 6 1 6 3 6 4 6 7 6 8 6 9 6 10 6 11 6 12 6 13 Spectra for Hole 86 6 Spectra WaveLength in nm 611 6 20 6 21 6 22 6 23 6 24 WaveLength in nm WaveLength in nm SEPECTRONICE SPECTRA FROM OUTCROP SAMPLES WaveLength in nm SAMPLE M580
9. period of one 1 year from date of shipment If any product proves to be defective during this warranty period ISPL will repair the defective product without charge for parts or labour ISPL does not warrant that the operation of the software firmware or hardware shall be uninterrupted or error free In order to obtain warranty service on this product the customer must notify ISPL before expiration of the warranty period Customers must also contact ISPL to make suitable arrangements for the performance of the service The customer shall be responsible for packing the product for return to an ISPL service centre If the warranty service is required within the first three 3 months after the date of shipment ISPL will pay airfreight charges associated with the return of the product to an ISPL service centre Such shipment must be from a major center serviced by Federal Express UPS or DHL and the customer must contact ISPL to arrange shipping details Failure on behalf of the customer to contact ISPL for shipping instructions will result in the customer being responsible for shipping charges If the warranty service is required after the first three 3 months then the customer shall ship the product to an ISPL service center with all shipping charges prepaid The customer shall be responsible under all circumstances for duties taxes insurance and any other charges associated with returning product to an ISPL service centre for warranty ser
10. references Each time PimaEdit makes a conversion of a data files a reference is made The filename which defaults to PIMA REF may be modified for a different batch process or the references will be appended to that file The following is a list of the output generated for a reference file HEADER LOGO Integrated Spectronics logo DATE Date and Time of the conversion by PimaEdit 24 PIMA II Operations Manual FILENAME PATH DATA FILENAME DATE TIME GPS TIME GPS LAT GPS LONG GPS ALT COMMENT RUN PIMAVIEW Name of the Reference file Path name of the source file Name of the spectrum converted Date the spectrum was sampled Time the spectrum was sampled Location where the data was sampled Message about the spectrum made Run the PIMA viewing program PimaView is a data viewing and analysis program written by Integrated Spectronics specifically for the PIMA and is supplied with every spectrometer Consult the PimaView manual for operations 25
11. the batteries During transport always check that the terminals are protected and cannot short out with any metal objects If the batteries are ever shorted there is an extremely high chance of fire occurring and this could be very dangerous during transport Always use the plastic cover provided with the batteries to ensure complete protection It is not recommended that mineral samples are ever transported in the same case as the PIMA Integrated Spectronics does not give warranty to the instrument if damaged during transport or during field trips Warranty only covers faulty components from manufacturers and quality production of the unit vy 1 T PIMA II Operations Manual 3 Unpacking the Spectrometer 3 1 Unpacking On receiving your brand new PIMA you should first check the contents against the packing list shown below It is not advisable to assemble the unit together yet This manual is designed to step the user through the correct procedures to avoid any misunderstanding of the PIMA Remove the case from the packing box Near the main front handle of the case is a black knob which must be turned to release the pressure in the case Turn anti clockwise to release The case has four locking clips two to the front and one each side Lift these to open the lid PIMA II Packing List Field Version 6 Volt Yuasa Battery Pack PIMA II Spectrometer PIMA Power supply Battery waist pack Shoulder Strap 4 Pin F
12. the optimum dynamic range in the signal This procedure does not improve the signal to noise ratio To edit the zone parameters use the lt ARROW gt keys to move about the array of numbers use the lt BACKSPACE gt key to delete numbers and finally use the lt ENTER gt key to enter the number changed Press the lt ESC gt key to return back to the main menu NOTE The zone files are factory set to optimise the performance of each PIMA CALIBRATE Calibrate the PIMA Calibration data is required by the resampling algorithms which are generated by this menu function The calibration data aligns the resampled data to a reference sample which is a piece of plastic located in the front of the shutter For further details read section 5 5 on Calibration STATUS Check the PIMA status This function will read the temperature of the system the battery voltage and display a few other parameters such as time and date 19 D Bei PIMA II Operations Manual 7 1 Introduction 72 PIMAEDIT 7 Accessory Software Integrated Spectronics believes in total support of its hardware products with good quality user friendly software Section 6 described the operations of the PIMASPEC program which is the main controlling program for the PIMA This section will describe the support software PimaEdit is a program for converting the spectrum data files acquired by the PIMA to another format This new format could be used for oth
13. the reference scan Finally the HP200 PC calculates a ratio and resamples the data which is then displayed on the screen as the spectrum of the plastic sample Obtain a quantity of your favourite sample of kaolinite and place it in a glass don t use plastic container if in powder form Located to the front of the PIMA is the optical port where your sample will be placed Press M for Measure on the PC PIMA will power up and display the system parameters then request a second keystroke to confirm the measurement press M again The PIMA will now take a raw measurement of the sample placed at the optical port Prevent any movements of the sample as this could produce incorrect results by introducing distortion into the data Notice that the raw data is displayed in real time during the sampling process When the measurement is complete the PIMA will sound a beep indicating that the sample is not required any more Remove the sample from the optical port PIMA will now carry out the measurement on the internal reference sample When the reference measurement is completed the results are displayed on the HP200PC screen as the sample spectrum To save the currently displayed measurement press the key sequence F for FILE S for SAVE On the display a window will open showing various options that can be entered The first option is the filename and this can now be typed in The next option is a code option used for database
14. 6 Integrated Spectronics Pty Ltd 22 Delhi Road North Ryde NSW 2113 PO Box 437 Baulkham Hills NSW 2153 Australia Wi PLEASE NOTE This PIMA 11 spectrometer has been shipped with Version 2 4 of the PIMASPEC operational software This software also makes use of a new wavelength calibration target incorporated in the spectrometer For the correct operation of the spectrometer three 3 calibration files must be present in the operating directory of your computer These files are used for wavelength calibration correction for light scattered from the sapphire sampling window and for normalisation of measured reflectance to that of a diffuse gold reflector These files are factory set and are included on your software discs and on the SRAM card in the HP200LX computer More detail can be found in Appendix A of this manual Throughout this manual references are made to a trigger on the pistol grip and the use of this trigger to initiate a measurement As of January 1996 this feature is not available and all measurements must be started from the keyboard Once a measurement sequence has started several seconds are available to position the sample against the sapphire window Integrated Spectronics Pty Ltd January 1996 PLEASE NOTE THE PIMA SHOULD NOT BE RUN OUT OF Windows 95 The PIMA operation file PS34 EXE CANNOT be run out of Windows 95 If you wish to run thc PIMA from a computer that h
15. 862 M580863 uum um Weg u um m pane co ER um mem pod cum uu ge h emex La bs Ltd 423 5735 HAMPTON PLACE Pie Certificate Dass 13 SEP 1998 Analytical Chemists Geochemists Registered Assayers i VE BC Invoice Mo 119830392 212 Brooksbank Ave North Vancouver 6T 2G8 Accou ind 8 OUT British Columbia Canada V7J 2C1 Project THOIN n PHONE 604 984 0221 FAX 604 984 0218 Comments ATTN M POLIQUIN CERTIFICATE O OF ANA ANALYSIS 9830392 PREP Au g t Ag g t CODE RUSH RUSH 258 0 96 258 0 03 CERTIFICATION M580861 Chemex Labs Ltd Analytical Chemists Geochemists Registered Assayers 212 Brooksbank Ave North Vancouver British Columbia Canada V7J 2C1 PHONE 604 984 0221 FAX 604 984 0218 To KOHIMA PACIFIC GOLD CORPORATION d Page Number 1 A Total Pages 1 423 5735 HAMPTON PLACE Certificate Date 13 SEP 1998 VANCOUVER BC Invoice No 119830393 VET 8 P O Number Account QLT Project THOIN Comments ATTN M POLIQUIN CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS A9830393 a ef vovou o Ml Pappe pa E ww com MNM PN HH i om NES o END DEE DI KOHIMA PACIFIC GOLD CORPORATION r Page Number 1 B To Chemex Labs Ltd RENTEN Total Pages i1 em Analytical Chemists Geochemists Registered Assayers VANCOUVER BC Invoice No 19830393 212 Brooksbank Ave North Vancouver Ver 2G8 EE QLT British Columbia Canada V7J 2C1 Project
16. HP 200LX computer consult the User Manual supplied with the PIMA On initialisation the program will display a menu at the top of the screen a logo version numbers and Integrated Spectronics address To activate a menu selection simply type the letter shown in uppercase For example typing the letter F will call the FILE menu window to open and a list of submenus will be displayed Always press the ESC key to return back to the main menu To produce reliable results a calibration measurement must be performed Calibrations should be performed before any major batch measurements when changing from the HP200PC to a compatible IBM PC and during long periods of measurements The calibration measurement uses a plastic target which is located in the shutter leaving the user with no responsibility for providing a target Simply press T for sysTem and then C for Calib Note that the PIMA powers up and the software displays various parameter on the screen These show battery voltage system temperature TE cooler detector temperature and other scanning parameters Now press M for Measure The PIMA will start a measurement i PIMA Il Operations Manual 5 7 Measurement Of Samples 5 8 SavingA Measurement of the plastic sample located in the shutter while the raw data is displayed simultaneously on the screen After the plastic scan is complete the software instructs PIMA to proceed with a second scan this being
17. MA PIMA II is a highly sophisticated optical instrament which has been designed specifically to meet the needs of geologists in obtaining quality spectra of minerals and materials in the field The instrument is enclosed in a small compact container with a top section containing the controlling computer At the rear of the instrument is the Back Panel Here various connections are made to power supplies batteries and computers Towards the front of the instrument there is located an optical port where the samples are placed for measurements Infrared light passes through the port and onto the sample where it is then reflected back into the instrument The top section of the instrument locates the housing for the computer which is a small portable Hewlett Packard PC HP200LX running under MS DOS version 5 0 Lift the front cover to unclip the latch The lid of the computer housing can then be opened to reveal the HP200 PC Located on the bottom of the instrument a mounting plate secures the supplied pistol grip This option allows for true one hand operation of the instrument A trigger mounted on the pistol grip permits measurements to be taken without the need for keystrokes on the HP200 PC Therefore a sample can be held in the right hand with the instrument in the left hand making measurements easier During the design of the PIMA II the aims were to make the instrument light portable and easy to use The instrument s powe
18. WER 12V inlet socket Switch on the Power supply and the PIMA Location 2 Vehicle Power 12 Volts DC from vehicle Cables 1 required Cigarette Lighter connector to 4 Pin female JM socket 1 metre long Procedure Connect the JM 4 pin cable between the PIMA back panel POWER 12V inlet socket and the cigarette lighter outlet in the vehicle i PIMA H Operations Manual WARNING Location 3 Power Cables Accessories Procedure Pima will only operate from a D volt outlet Check that the cigarette lighter is 12 volts and no other voltage If voltages greater than 13 8 volts is applied to the PIMA serious damage could be caused and warranty will be void Do not leave the PIMA powered on when starting the vehicle motor Portable 12 Volts DC from one Yuasa Battery pack 1 required Battery with 4 Pin JM female socket 1 metre long Battery Pack 1 Battery Waist Pack 1 Shoulder Strap Pistol Grip assembly For portable use the PIMA is supplied with accessories as shown above Place one 12 volt battery assembly in the Battery Waist Pack There are two clips which lock the battery in its compartment Place the Waist pack around the waist so that the batteries are mounted at the rear of the user Tighten all straps to make it comfortable to wear l Clip the shoulder straps onto the PIMA handle This item is not necessary but recommended for securing the PIMA during excursions Mount th
19. a northwestern flowing tributary of the Sutlahine River in northwestern British Columbia Figure 1 The Sutlahine River flows into the Taku River which drains into the Pacific Ocean near Juneau Alaska The nearest centres to the property are Atlin located 125 kilometers to the northwest and Telegraph Creek located 125 kilometers to the southeast The property was accessed by helicopter from Atlin B C for the work described in this report The property is located 20 kilometers southeast of King Salmon Lake and 11 kilometers northwest of Trapper Lake both of which are accessible by float plane Claim Name Number of Units Record Na Expiry Date Check mate 20 320695 Sept 2 2001 Stuart 1 20 360714 Noy 21 2000 Stuart 2 16 E 360715 Nov 21 2000 Stuart 3 16 36076 Nov 21 2000 Table 1 Claim Information STUART 2 360715 45144 Claim Information The claim area consists of the Check mate claim held under option by Kohima Pacific Gold Corp Kohima and the wholly owned Stuart 1 3 claims acquired by staking Table 1 is a list of the claims and their expiry dates Figure 2 illustrates the location of the claims History Prominent white yellow alteration exposed in the Sutlahine and Camp creek area was first recognized in 1959 by Kennco explorat on geologists There is no record of any staking having been carried out at that time In 1963 Julian Mining Company staked the Thorn property to cover mineral
20. artment Communications are wired directly to the PIMA thus reducing the number of external cables required To remove the HP200 PC just lift it out of the compartment To the right of the unit is the RS 232 cable Simply disconnect the cable then lift the PC further upwards To the left of the PC is a socket which contains the SRAM card This holds all the PIMA control programs and the spectral data To find out more about the HP200 PC please read the supplied manual NOTE The RS 232 cable has a white dot painted on the HP plug side The white dot should be facing upward 5 3 Invoking the PIMA Software The PIMA operating software PIMASPEC is present as a compiled file named PS34 EXE The number 34 denotes the software version in this release it is version 3 4 There are two ways of operating the PIMA control software and this is via the MS DOS operating system or the HP200 Application manager PIMA Il Operations Manual APPLICATION MANAGER When the computer boots from reset Press lt CTL ALT DEL gt it will then continue to run the Application manager Press the amp button and then press the F key This will enable the FILER program which allows the user to view various program and data files on the SRAM drives Check that the PIMA is powered up Select A drive SRAM card as displayed and then select AAxxx bat by moving the arrow keys up and down to the appropriate highlighted selection P
21. as Windows 95 installed you must do so in the MSDOS Mode This can be achieved in two ways 1 Hit F8 before the computer enters Windows 95 when you first start it up This should bring up the Microsoft Windows 95 Start up Menu Select 6 Command Prompt Only From here the PIMA can be run in the usual manner Start up Windows 95 in the usual way Shutdown Windows 95 selecting Restart the computer in MS DOS mode From here the PIMA can be run in the usual manner PIMA Operation Note Feb 1997 Spectral Measurements using Petri dishes Petri dishes and calibration files supplied by Integrated Spectronics are to be used in accordance with the following procedures When a Petri dish is being used the PIMA operational software is initiated by selecting the batch file AAPET BAT where is the serial number of the instrument This batch file loads calibration files that are used with Petri dishes ONLY If no Petri dish is to be used then the operational software is initiated with the batch file AA BAT NB If you change from using a Petri to no Petri dish and vice versa then you have to exit the PIMA operations program and start it again using the appropriate batch file Failure to observe this requirement will result in spectral distortions Warranty Integrated Spectronics Pty Ltd ISPL warrants that this product will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a
22. b list of menus which are Save Open List and Delete SAVE Save a spectrum to disk When this menu is active a window is displayed showing various options Use the TAB key to select the various options displayed The first option is the filename the second is an optional three Jetter database code and the final option is the message When the message description of the file is complete press the ENTER key to invoke saving of the spectrum to disk The file will be saved with an extension of DSP f File Menu Pressing F from the main menu will open the file menu The file 14 PIMA Il Operations Manual 6 7 Options Pressing the O key will activate this menu There are four sub menus relating to this option HULL Remove the baseline of the spectrum We think of the hull as wrapping a string over the spectrum from the starting to the ending wavelengths Hull provides an enhanced visual picture of the spectrum in that it removes the general slope found in majority of spectra In mathematical terms the hull is a spectrum with the baseline removed Pressing the SPACE key will cause a figure to appear in the menu indicating that the option is now selected Pressing ESC will quit from the menu All spectra displayed will included the hull Note that the hull takes longer to compute so it may sometimes be necessary to select the hull option off to save computing time
23. by major faults and structural features and which control economic mineralization 14 Camp Creek is interpreted to be the geographic reflection of such a structure Pyrophyllite bearing acid sulphate alteration appears to be controlled in this direction and a massive enargite vein has been located striking parallel to the creek This area of the property has never been thoroughly explored No extensive geochemical geophysical work has been extended across the creek and no drilling has been directed along or across the creek The drilling carried out in 1986 was tested altered areas to the south of Camp Creek The PIMA study on core from this program indicated that several zones of pyrophyllite dickite alteration occur and are associated with quartz gold veining These zones probably represent narrow structures that parallel Camp Creek which is the main zone of alteration Work on this zone should be conducted in two phases An extensive first phase of grid construction rock chip and soil sampling should focus on Camp Creek Rock chip samples should be taken across the grid with representative specimens for determining alteration mineralogy for each site Soil samples should be taken on a 100 x 50 meter grid spacing The massive enargite pyrite veins should have a significant EM signature VLF EM work reported by past workers on the property was not conclusive However a ground hoop EM survey on lines that cross Camp Creek should be able to pen
24. e source of such boulders however on the east slope of La Jaune Creek sampling from one 3 7 meter wide trench retumed 9 g t Au 311 9 g t Ag and 0 3 Cu During 1986 an 8 hole 688 meter NQ diamond drill program tested coincident VLF EM and gold soil anomalies on a small portion of the alteration zone Despite limited sampling of altered sections of core significant gold copper values were intersected These included 10 29 meters of 2 7 g t Au 35 g t Ag and 2 58 meters of 3 78 96 Cu 2 0 g t Au and 152 5 g t Ag No studies were every carried out on the core to determine the alteration mineralogy associated with Cu Au Ag mineralization This focus of this study was the core from the 1986 program of drilling Samples were selected on regular intervals for mineralogic analysis with a PIMA a portable infrared spectrometer capable of determining alteration mineralogy Samples were taken from three holes 86 1 86 3 and 86 6 Hole 86 3 returned 10 3 meters of 2 7 g t Au and 35 g t Ag in past sampling however intervals were left unsampled from this campaign of work These unsplit intervals were sampled to provide a continuous sample interval for the hole Limited prospecting was also carried out along Camp Creek interpreted to represent a major structural feature possibly genetically related to alteration mineralization A massive zone of enargite pyrite was discovered striking at 060 parallel to the Creek Sampling across the exposed 0 5 meters of t
25. e Overlay function is operational GPS Save GPS data with the spectrum Not implemented in current software There are two types of GPS units which can interface to the PIMA spectrometer and these are the Magellan and Trimbol GPSs An RS 232 cable connects between the GPS and the back panel of the PIMA The RS 232 port is labelled GPS and is a DB9 type female connector PimaTap test software provided by Integrated Spectronics has the capability of testing the GPS interface Future versions of PIMASPEC will save GPS data in the header along with the spectrum data when this option is toggled OVERLAY Overlay multiple spectra When the overlay function is selected the directory window is opened with a list of spectrum files displayed Press the TAB key to the directory window and select a spectrum to be overlayed with the existing spectrum on 17 PIMA Il Operations Manual 6 9 System the screen This simple function allows for comparing multiple spectra with ease PROCESS This function not active Type the letter T and the system menu will open There are three submenus displayed where two are required for successful operation ZONE Reconfigure the Integration Gains and Zones This option must be used very carefully as the parameters displayed are critical in the operation of the PIMA Note that when the zone window opens a list of parameters are displayed There are 32 numbers in all and these a
26. e pistol grip assembly to the bottom of the PIMA This assembly locks into the metal plate with a centre screw located at the bottom of the handle Ju PIMA II Operations Manual Finally connect the battery cable to the PIMA 12V inlet socket mounted on the back panel 4 3 RS232 Cables PIMA comes supplied with one RS 232 cable as described in the Packing List in section 3 1 A 9 Pin male to 9 Pin female connects the PIMA with a host IBM compatible PC This option allows the user to operate a faster PC whether in the laboratory or in the back of the vehicle Use the supplied operations disk to load any PC s that are required to run the PIMA NOTE When operating an external PC check that the PIMASPEC program running on the HP200 PC has been terminated Otherwise the extemal PC will not communicate with the PIMA PIMA Il Operations Manual 5 Measuring a Sample 5 1 Introduction This section will take the user through basic operations of the PIMA The aim is to make a calibration measurement make a sample measurement and save the sample spectra to a file Further information on software and calibration files can be found in Appendix A 5 2 The HP 200LX Computer PIMA is operated via a small personal computer the HP 200LX l The PC runs under MS DOS operating system or HP s specialised Application Manager This computer is mounted in the top compartment of the PIMA and is accessible by lifting the lid of this comp
27. eing a dark specimen then this function will reduce the noise component in the data There are six settings which are disable 5 points 7 points 9 points 11 points 13 points Selecting a 5 point smooth will have least smoothing effect than a 13 point smooth so check that the points selected are not over smoothing the data Over smoothed data will reduce the resolution content and it may become useless when finer details are being analysed OUTPUT FILE TYPE Select output file This option will select the output file type which are ASCH binary PCS ASCII This option will output the data as text with two columns and 601 rows The first column is the wavelength the second column being the reflectance The output values are determined by the scale option settings For the wavelength channel and nanometre are output as integers 22 ES PIMA Il Operations Manual where micrometre output are real numbers For reflectance 0 7 and 0 100 are output as real numbers and 0 10000 are output as integers BINARY This option will output the data back into the PIMA data format dsp format The output extension can not be a dsp as this will cause overwriting of the original data PimaEdit usually configures the output of binary files with an extension of bin PCS This option will output the data as text with a format that was originated by CSIRO Australia The format for each text line is as follows The filename
28. emale to 4 Pin Female Power cable 4 Pin to Car Lighter socket Power cable 9 Pin Female to 9 Pin Male RS232 cable HP200 PC mounted on spectrometer SRAM card mounted in HP200 PC HP200 User Manual PIMA Il Operations Manual this manual Operations disk 1 44 mbyte PimaView User Reference Manual PimaView disk 1 44 mbyte HP200 Connectivity Kit bech ka Eech bech e PIMA II Operations Manual 3 2 Set Up Power Supply 3 3 Power Up PIMA If any of the above is missing please contact Integrated Spectronics 1 Always place the components back in the same sections of the case as these positions are optimised for easy carrying and weight distribution Remove the spectrometer power supply and batteries and place thern on a bench with plenty of space Now remove the cables from the front compartment The power supply will require a mains cable Before plugging in the mains cable check that the AC voltage selection is set for the correct voltage of your country This is located at the back of the power supply near the ON OFF switch If it requires changing then use a screw driver to unclip the plastic cover and slide out the fuse Next remove the switch block and select the correct voltage Place the fuse back and plug in the mains cable Do not power up yet There are three sets of cables two power cables and one RS 232 cable One power cable provides connections between the 12 Volt output of the power
29. er software packages such as databases plotting packages etc PimaEdit will also allow the user to modify the data with various functions The functions vary from smoothing to hull differences There are a number of options for output The outputs can be the original format dsp binary files ASCII text outputs or PCS text output CSIRO format NOTE The original spectrum data files have a dsp extension therefore the output format can not have the same extension This prevents any accidental overwriting of the original data Always make a backup of the original data PimaEdit operates simply by typing PIMAEDIT lt ENTER gt The program will initialise with a window displaying various parameters Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to change the parameter Press the UD and DOWN key to move to the next parameter Press the ENTER key to initialise a batch conversion as per modified parameters Press the lt ESC gt key to quit the program 20 PIMA II Operations Manual sr FUNCTON M cero LEFT amp RIGHT Change option parameter ARROW UP amp DOWN Move to next parameter ___ ARROW gt The section describes each option as displayed by PimaEdit REFLECTANCE SCALE Change the Y component e for ASCII There are three selections which modify the reflectance scale when the output selected is ASCII The ranges are 0 1 0 100 0 10000 The range 0 100 is probably the most commonly used as it represen
30. etrate overburden and differentiate between massive enargite zones and the high pyrite content associated with argillic alteration Targets generated from this work including the known outcropping massive enargite vein should be targeted with deep diamond drill holes Exciting and significant gold copper grades have been intersected with past drilling to the south of this area with several short holes Hole CB 3 contained 37 5 meters of around 1 g t gold and included 9 meters of 2 58 g t Au Further drilling is warranted to test some of the deeper and lateral potential of the zone of quartz veining intersected in hole CB 3 Veins at El Indio proved elusive at the drill stage and many high grade structures were found subsequent to drill testing in underground exploration development work Table 10 is a preliminary cost schedule for a proposed phase I work program Type of work days units cost day unit Total Grid Cutting uic Lone i 2 cutters 245 ri i 0000 1 geologist EUM 400 00 Soil Rock Sampling 2 samplers 15 400 00 6 000 00 1 geologist 15 400 00 6 000 00 rock samples 500 30 00 15 000 00 soil samples 1000 30 00 30 000 00 PIMA time 10 700 00 0 EM Geophysics 10 600 00 6 000 00 Hellcopter time 20 hours 800 00 16 000 00 Float Plane time 10 hours 300 00 3 000 00 Supplies 10 000 00 Total 107 000 00 Table 10 Cost Proposal for Phase I Work 15 References Arribas A Jr 1995 Characteristics of high sulfidatio
31. exposed along the walls of Camp Creek Camp Creek itself is interpreted to reflect a major structure that may have controlled the ascent of hydrothermal fluids To the south of this major zone other areas of outcropping hydrothermally altered rock occur Figure 3 These zones were the focus of the 1986 drilling campaign To the authors knowledge no significant work has been carried out over the main Camp Creek alteration zone Minor prospecting along the Creek in this program of work resulted in the discovery of outcropping massive enargite pyrite mineralization associated with a highly clay altered and pyritized volcanic wall rock The width of the zone is unknown as the sulphides are covered by gravel in the stream however a width of 0 5 meters is exposed The structure strikes approximately N 60 E parallel to Camp Creek Figure 4 Alteration Mineralogy The PIMA was used to determine alteration mineralogy Samples were collected from three diamond drill holes 86 1 86 3 and 86 6 These holes were selected because they are spatially farthest apart from one another and therefore represent the greatest area Specimens were collected to represent the alteration mineralogy observed in the core at regular intervals down the Outcrop of assive enardi Kohima Pacific Gold Corp Figure 4 Location of Drill holes and Discovery Enargite Pyrite Zone Legend x Diamond Drill Hole 86 5 Contour Methodology The objective of
32. he left and right arrows Zooming is performed by pressing the Z key for ZOOM This function will zoom by a factor of two with the cursor located at the centre Moving the cursor up and down the spectrum will also scroll the spectrum at the boundaries Press the ESC key to exit the viewing mode After any measurement except a Calibration the default display will be the VIEW mode To save the spectrum just measured press ESC to exit to main menu screen and then select F for File PIMA II Operations Manual ual I Menus and Operations j troduction This section of the manual assumes that the user is now familiar with connecting the PIMA to a power source the HP200 PC and can carry out a sample measurement This section will explain in more detail the menus provided by the software and their operations Main Menu And Control The top section of the screen displays the main menu for the PIMASPEC program Each menu is selected by typing the appropriate letter which is displayed as a capital letter in the text Type F for File and T for sysTem The ESC key is always used when returning from sub menus and generally escaping from various routines This key is almost standardised in MS DOS software To quit the program press the ESC key when the program is in the main menu The user will be prompted for confirmation type y or n for the appropriate direction of program flow menu has a su
33. his zone retumed 6 9 96 Cu 0 9 g t Au and 180 g t Ag Future work should focus on the alteration zone exposed along Camp Creek The discovery of massive enargite pyrite along the creek supports the interpretation that the creek may be a reflection of the important controlling structural at the time of alteration mineralization Prospecting detailed rock chip and soil sampling should be carried out in conjunction with ground geophysics on a grid oriented perpendicular to the flow of Camp Creek approximately 150 Style of Mineralization The author spent time doing graduate work in the South Pacific at the University of Auckland a centre for research in epithermal systems Recently high sulphidation systems have been distinguished as a distinct style of mineralization and have become far better understood Generally it is thought that magmatic vapours namely HCl HF and SO separate from a melt and ascend along major structural features these gases disassociate in the presence of groundwater and cool to form a highly acidic fluid Arribas 1995 These fluids alter the wall rock adjacent to the controlling structure forming increasingly neutral stable clay dominated mineralogic assemblages zoned away from the structure The fluids are generally so acid that they have the ability to leach all cations from the host rock resulting in a residual silica The residual or vuggy silica bodies are greatly reduced in volume and as such highly permeable Sub
34. ing in 1986 Eight holes were drilled totaling 688 meters from 3 drill pads The drilling intersected several zones of high Au Ag and Cu Au Ag mineralization The intervals sampled for assay are listed in table 3 Locations of the drill holes are illustrated in figures 3 4 Hole No From n fo m Length m Cu 24 86 1 UD M 86 2 86 3 86 4 86 5 86 6 86 7 86 7 86 8 Table 3 Diamond Drilling Results from Won conducted in 1986 by TT Group Ltd Taken from Woodcock 1987 The claims were allowed to lapse in 1993 and the Check mate claim was staked by Clive Aspinall of Atlin B C shortly after Kohima Pacific Gold Corp acquired the right to obtain a 10094 interest in this claim in 1998 and in November of 1997 staked the Stuart 1 Stuart 2 and Stuart 3 claims which surround the Check mate claim In July and August of 1998 84 samples were taken for mineralogic study using a portable infrared spectrometer PIMA Eleven samples were assayed of diamond drill core in order to in fill gaps in previous sampling Two chip samples of outcrop one from a zone of massive enargite pyrite were also analyzed Geology Regional Geology Approximately eight kilometers to the southwest the Coast Range Plutonic Complex Batholith occurs in contact with Lower Triassic clastic sedimentary rocks and volcanics Upper Triassic intermediate volcanic rocks of the Stuhini Group and Lower to Middle Jurassic sedimentary rocks of the Takwahoni Formation
35. ion mineralogy As described above high sulphidation settings are characterized by acid stable phyllosilicate hydrothermal assemblages that are zoned generally parallel to the source structure for ascending hydrothermal fluids These alteration patterns consisting largely of varying compositions of clay that reflect increasingly neutral stable conditions away from the controlling structure As a result a spatial mineralogic database can often guide the explorationist towards feeder structures and potentially economic mineralization within the altered area Unfortunately the alteration minerals are generally very difficult to identify and distinguish in hand specimen due to the fine grained nature of clay dominated mineralogy New instrumentation capable of identifying mineralogy using an infrared spectrometry has been made available to the exploration community The instrument a portable infrared spectrometer PIMA was used in this study to identify clay mineralogy Samples were selected from three drill holes 86 1 86 3 and 86 6 at intervals down the hole and measured with the PIMA Samples were also taken from outcrops mapped along Camp Creek Some rock chip sampling was carried out on mineralized outcrop exposed in Camp Creek Sections of core were also split to fill in gaps left by the initial sampling of the core Location and Access The Thorn prospect is located at 58 33 N latitude and 132 48 W longitude on map sheet 104K 10W It lies on
36. ized outcrops in the drainage area of the creeks This work culminated in four short Pack Sack drill holes Results are unknown to the author In 1964 the claimed area was increased and prospecting and geologic mapping was carried out In 1965 several zones of silicification and anomalous gold values were discovered Geophysical and geochemical anomalies were tested with four holes that totaled 179 meters Subsequently Julian allowed the property to lapse Apparently the gold values were not encouraging with the then prevailing gold prices In 1968 the property was re staked as the Ink group acquired by Montana Mines and optioned to American Uranium Ltd Work conducted included the sampling of 22 hand trenches stream sediment sampling and reconnaissance ground magnetics Best results from this phase of work included the trenches summarized in table 2 Subsequently the property was allowed to lapse in 1970 Trench No Width m Ag von Table 2 Hand Trenching Results from conducted in 1968 by American Uranium Ltd Taken from Sanguinetti 1969 In 1981 J R Woodcock acquired the Daisy claims which were staked to cover the general area of alteration In 1982 the claims were optioned to Inland Recovery Group Ltd In 1983 a program of geologic mapping geochemistry and VLF EM was carried out Several zones of coincident elevated gold soil geochemistry and VLF conductors were identified from this work and were subsequently tested by diamond drill
37. led as was an adjacent zone of silicification and pyrophyllite alteration The results of this sampling are shown in table 4 Sumple Width fim An fet Cut Ay gA 0862 0 5 096 688 1790 0863 1 3 0 03 2 7 0 03 Table 7 Outcrop Chip Sampling Results 13 Diamond Drill Core Splitting Results Sampling carried out at the time of drilling was very selective Holes 86 3 and 86 6 were recognized as poorly sampled holes In the case of 86 3 a zone of intense clay alteration and silicification had been sampled returning values listed in Table 3 however significant gaps were left in the sampling These gaps were sampled to provide a continuous database for the hole Hole 86 6 was very sparsely sampled A considerable zone of alteration and veining was left unsampled Only a short section of massive enargite pyrite was sampled in this hole Unfortunately owing to time constraints hole 86 6 could not be sampled as part of this program The sampling results when combined with past sampling data for hole provide an interesting database when considering the alteration mineralogic data gathered Sample it From im Tom Width Gu Au et 0851 19 0 21 0 0852 21 0 23 0 0853 27 0 27 7 0854 28 9 30 2 0855 30 7 32 4 0856 33 8 35 0 0857 384 38 6 0858 39 4 39 7 0859 399 420 0860 42 0 43 8 0861 44 3 449 vs Table 8 Sa By combining these data with the assay work done previously a more continuous section of sampling is pr
38. mectite Quartz Feldspar dyke 3 11 46 2 pyrophyllite deckt 3 12 49 3 dickite pyrophyllite 3 13 53 8 dickite pyrophyllite 3 14 56 5 pyrophyilite S diekite 3 15 59 0 dickite pyrophyllite 3 16 614 illite smectite Quartz Feldspar dyke 3 17 65 1 pyrophyllite ee 3 18 675 illite u smectite Quartz Feldspar dyke 3 19 70 4 pyrophyllite dv quse Rm Table 4 PIMA Results for Hole 86 3 11 Sample i 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 9 1 10 I 11 1 12 1 13 1 14 1 15 1 16 1 17 1 18 1 19 1 20 1 21 1 22 1 23 1 24 1 25 1 26 1 27 1 28 1 29 1 30 1 31 1 32 1 33 1 34 Table 5 Depth m Major lite illite illite illite illite illite illite illite illite illite illite illite illite illite pyrophyllite pyrophyllite 12 Mincraology Minor smectite smectite smectite smectite smectite smectite smectite smectite smectite smectite smectite smectite smectite pyrophyllite pyrophyllite pyrophyllite pyrophyllite ies pyrophyllite dickite illite smectite illite smectite illite smectite illite smectite illite smectite illite smectite illite smectite pyrophyliite pyrophyllite pyrophyllite i iHite smectite illite smectite PIMA Results from Hole 86 1 Mineralogy Sample H Depth mj Major Minor 6 1 0 illite smectite 6 2 46 5 illite smectite 6 3 47 8
39. n epithermal deposits and their relation to magmatic fluid Mineralogical Association of Canada Short Course Series v 23 p 419 454 Arribas A Jr Hedenquist J W Itaya T Okada T Concepcion R A and Garcia J S Jr 1995 Contemporaneous formation of adjacent porphyry and epithermal Cu Au deposits over 300 ka in northern Luzon Philippines Geology v 23 p 337 340 Hedenquist J W Arribas A Jr Reynolds T J 1998 Evolution of an intrusion centred hydrothermal system Far Southeast Lepanto porphyry and epithermal Cu Au deposits Philippines Econ Geol v 93 p 373 404 Jannas R 1995 Reduced and oxidized high sulfidation deposits of the El Indio District Chile Unpubl Ph D thesis Harvard University Reyes A G 1990 Petrology of Phillipines geothermal systems and the application of alteration mineralogy to their assessment Jour Vol And Geothermal Research 43 p 279 309 Sanguinetti M H 1969 A report on the Ink and Lin claims Sutlahine River area B C Assessment Report 2512 Sillitoe R H 1995 Exploration and discovery of base and precious metal deposits in the Circum Pacific region during the last 25 years Metal Mining Agency of Japan Bull 125 p Souther J G 1971 Geology and mineral deposits of the Tulsequah map area British Columbia Wallis J E 1983 Geology geochemistry geophysics of the Thorn property B C Assessment Report 11923 Woodcock J R 1982 Thorn Property
40. nclusion data a distinct connection with underlying high grade copper gold porphyry mineralization in the giant FSE porphyry deposit Arribas et al 1995 Hedenquist et al 1998 Such a connection has always been postulated however this new data implies that settings such as the Thorn showing are prospective for high grade porphyry copper gold ore as well as the exposed enargite copper gold silver mineralization Introduction The Thorn project was acquired by Kohima Pacific Gold Corp Kohima in the winter of 1997 and the spring of 1998 An option to obtain a 100 interest in the Check mate claim was acquired by Kohima Three 4 post claims totaling 52 units were staked around the checkmate claim The project was acquired following the recognition by M J Poliquin that the alteration mineralogy and style of mineralization represented a previously unrecognized high sulphidation epithermal Cu Au system Much recent research has been conducted on such systems worldwide in recent years and this understanding led the author to recognize the potential of the Thorn prospect Core existing from the 1986 campaign of drilling carried out by Inland Recovery Group Ltd was found to be preserved in good condition although the core racks had collapsed Considerable time was required to extract the core and restack it to ensure its preservation In this program the core and several areas of prominent outcrop were sampled for the purposes of determining alterat
41. ovided Table 9 summarizes the results From fim To mn Width 5 Any s gn Cu 19 0 565 3750 092 211 0 09 23 0 27 14 4 14 0 93 73 5 0 50 38 67 56 5 17 83 1 52 18 9 0 05 43 5 52 5 9 00 258 30 4 006 Table 9 Complete Intervals Hole 86 3 Conclusions and Recommendations The identification of acid stable clays with the PIMA confirmed that the Thorn prospect is a high sulphidation epithermal system Pyrophyllite and dickite are associated with quartz gold veining and massive enargite zones This assemblage is indicative of deeper levels of exposure within the hydrothermal system as pyrophyllite is observed to occur at temperatures gt 200 C in geothermal systems Reyes 1990 Economic mineralization in the form of massive enargite and quartz gold veins occur at this level of exposure associated with pyrophyllite bearing wall rock alteration in many high sulphidation systems High grade massive enargite veins occurring at the Thorn prospect are typical of economic mineralization exploited as ore in the world class E Indio and Lepanto deposits Late stage quartz veining and high gold grades also occur at the Thorn project Such veining is important gold ore at the El Indio deposit High sulphidation zones of massive enargite and gold quartz veining are strongly structurally controlled Ore forming magmatic fluids are focused away from a source intrusive body and into zones of major permeability that are characterized
42. pyrophyllite dickite 6 4 49 8 pyrophyllite 6 5 51 3 pyrophyllite 6 6 54 0 pyrophyllite dickite 6 7 55 5 pyrophyllite dickite 6 8 57 0 pyrophyllite dickite 6 9 59 6 pyrophyllite dickite 6 10 61 6 pyrophyllite dickite 6 11 63 2 dickite pyrophyllite 6 12 65 2 pyrophyllite 6 13 66 1 pyrophyllite 6 14 66 9 pyrophyllite dickite 6 15 67 3 illite smectite 6 16 68 4 illite smectite 6 17 70 4 pyrophyllite dickite 6 18 70 7 pyrophyllite dickite 6 19 722 illite pyrophyllite 6 20 73 4 illite l pyrophyllite 6 21 76 2 Mite 6 22 78 5 illite 6 23 80 2 illite 6 24 81 6 illite i 5 6 25 82 7 chlorite dilite d 6 26 857 ider ees EE Table 6 IMA Results of Hole 86 6 Samples taken from adjacent to the outcropping massive enargite pyrite zone OC 1 OC 2 OC 3 see Appendix A contain pyrophyllitetdiaspore Dickite was not observed in these samples The pyrophyllite diaspore assemblage and enargite mineralization in Camp Creek probably represents higher temperatures and greater proximity to the central part of the system from the area of past drilling Sampling Results Samples were taken for analysis from several outcrops along Camp Creek as well as from diamond drill core from the 1986 program of drilling Outcrop Sampling Results An outcrop of massive enargite pyrite was found exposed along the southern bank of Camp Creek Figure 3 The exposed portion of the structure is 0 5 meters wide This zone was chip samp
43. r requirements are high during a measurement due to the internal light source and heavy duty batteries are required PIMA I is supplied with a waist mounted battery pack The batteries are then located behind the user which provides good weight distribution and allows for ease of operation Just one cable provides power to the PIMA from the battery and this will plug into the rear of the instrument PIMA II Operations Manual Users should find PIMA II easy to travel with as a dust and water proof case is provided with the instrument Check further instructions on how to make the case waterproof PIMA Il Operations Manual Spectrometer Care Care should be taken when handling the PIMA and it should be treated as though it was your favourite camera PIMA I has many lenses and other optical components so like a camera any extreme physical jolts could produce gross mis alignment and even damage Always transport the PIMA in the provided case which is dustproof and waterproof Always carry the PIMA during field trips with the provided shoulder strap When travelling between measurement sites by vehicle ensure that PIMA is safely stored Inform inexperienced users of the necessary care required to be taken and ensure that they read this manual The batteries supplied with the PIMA are fully charged lead acid gel type These batteries require ventilation to reduce any build up of gas especially during the recharging of
44. re grouped as 4 rows by 8 columns There are eight zones where each zone represents a segment of the spectrum For example zone0 may cover 1300 nm to 1450 nm zonel may cover 1450 nm to 1600nm and so on The step range is determined by two numbers and these are the STEPS and MEASURES which are shown as the last two rows of the list STEPS should always equal 6 and never be changed MEASURE can be changed and usually varies from 45 to 80 So when MEASURE 45 and STEP 6 the result is 270 steps of the grating optical component The sum of the MEASURES should not be greater than 440 e g 55 Measures X 8 zones To vary the integration time change the CHOP value to a number that is a multiple of 6 The value 6 means 6 chops for every sample Therefore 12 chops will be twice the integration time of 6 chops thus each sample will take twice as long The advantage of increasing the number of chops is to improve the signal to noise ratio especially when dark objects are sampled Once the zones are set up correctly it is rare that they will need changing To increase the integration time simply use the OPTION ENHANCE mode which will automatically increase each zone s chop by the enhancement factor 18 PIMA Il Operations Manual The last parameter row displayed is the GAIN control This is usually set to 0 and can be varied from 0 to 3 This has the effect of switching amplifier gain stages for each zone and is required in reaching
45. ress the lt ENTER gt key to invoke the batch file NOTE AAxxx bat where xxx is the serial number of the PIMA spectrometer MS DOS To run under the MS DOS operating system simply press the keystroke combination MENU lt A gt lt T gt ENTER when in the Application Manager main menu This procedure will terminate the Application Manager and run MS DOS Next type AAxxx bat ENTER which will invoke the PIMA controller program PS34 EXE Note that xxx is the serial number of the supplied PIMA COMMAND LINE If PIMASPEC is invoked by itself e g no batch file then two parameters must be passed This is the serial number of the spectrometer and the COM port selection Examples are PS34 1234 COMI Select serial number 1234 and run on COMI RS 232 port PS34 23 COM2 Run PIMA with serial number 23 on COM2 10 PIMA ll Operations Manual 5 4 5 5 5 6 Down Loading Data Files Initialisation Calibration If running under windows it is possible to run two PIMA spectrometers from the same PC via COMI and COM2 ports OR alternatively Run the spectrometer on COM2 and the mouse driver on COMI thus allowing PimaView operation The HP 200LX computer is supplied with a Connectivity kit which enables the user to transfer files from the HP PC to another IBM MS DOS machine The connectivity kit is supplied with the appropriate cables Software and a user manual For further information on the
46. rgy and Petroleum and the Society of mining Engineers 4 I supervised sa 0 LLLMAA g and both field and analytical work described in this report 35 Appendix D Cost Statements 36 COST STATEMENTS The work was carried out in two separate periods of work Costs for each period are broken down separately Work Period 1 Days Units Cost Unit Morgan J Poliquin M Sc 300 00 J D Poliquin P Eng 600 00 G Peatfield Ph D P Eng 750 00 Pima Rental 300 00 7 man days 100 00 Truck Rental 100 00 Supplies Total Work Period 2 Item Days Units Cost Unit Morgan J Poliquin M Sc 4 field days 4 PIMA days 5 report days 13 300 00 J D Poliquin P Eng 4 field days 0 5 days report 4 5 600 00 4 300 00 4 man days 100 00 Apex Air Beaver Assays Truck Rental 5 100 00 328 31 12 012 90 Total Costs Work Period 1 6 635 37 Work Period 2 12 012 90 Total 18 648 27 Two assessment filings were made for this work period Filing 1 Event 3123282 4 050 00 Filing 2 was calculated by subrtacting Filing 1 4050 00 from the Total work 14 598 27 PAC account withdrawals were made totalling 3096 of 4 379 48 Filing 2 Event 3127241 18 977 75 3 3 2 lt D APPENDIX E Integrated Spectronics PIMA II Operations Manual 6th Edition Incorporating PIMASPEC Ver 3 4 Integrated Spectronics Pty Ltd 1993 October 1994 Document Ref No ISPL P20M
47. sequent to the ascent of volatiles metal bearing brines ascend along the controlling structural features precipitating highly oxidized sulphides often characterized by enargite in zones of permeability including vuggy silica bodies High sulphidation ore bodies vary in mineralogy and style Large gold rich bodies generally associated with vuggy silica and quartz alunite alteration may represent higher levels of such systems Examples of this style of mineralization include Peirina Peru La Coipa and Nevada Chile Nansatsu Japan and Summitville Colorado Massive structurally controlled enargite pyrite veins are the source of ore at El Indio Chile Lepanto Philippines and Chelopech Bulgaria In the case of El Indio 23 MT of ore averaging 6 6 g t Au 50 g t Ag and 4 Cu massive enargite pyrite veins associated with pyrophyllite e CUP mice S UASSET s 1 TERRACE SN E P per VERNON KELOWNA KIMBERLEY FERME O 40 BO 120 9 Kit PENTICTON ERAND v ilometres Ewe sa A Scale 1 8 000 000 ee em germen E Kohima Pacific Gold Corp Figure 1 Location of Thom Property NIS 104K 10W altered wall rock are crosscut by late stage gold rich quartz veining and quartz alunite alteration Jannus 1995 Sillitoe 1995 Recent work on the Lepanto enargite mine in the Philippines 33 MT of ore grading 2 296 Cu 3 5 g t Au and 11 g t Ag has demonstrated with stable isoptope K Ar and U Pb age data and fluid i
48. sorting Simply press the TAB key to step to this option The final option is the comment option Once again press the TAB key to access this option Type the required comment and then press the ENTER key This procedure will save the measurement to the SRAM card as a file Each file saved will have an extension called DSP 12 1 LI A Ka x PIMA Il Operations Manual 5 9 Viewing And Zooming and this identifies the data file as a binary file with header information If the last digit of the filename is a number then the program automaticaly increments this number for each successive measurement This can be changed by the user by pressing lt BACKSPACE gt to delete unwanted alphanumerics in a file name The header information contains the comments database codes time and date of saving GPS co ordinates if fitted and many other parameters This information can tben later be extracted using other software tools provided by Integrated Spectronics It may be required to check the wavelengths or intensities of the sampled spectrum during a measurement session This can be achieved by pressing the key V for VIEW A cursor will appear on the screen and located to the bottom right of the screen the wavelength and intensity are displayed Press the left and right arrows to move the cursor up and down the spectrum with an increment of two nanometres To step the cursor hold down the CTRL key and press t
49. supply and the 12 Volt input socket on the back panel of the spectrometer This cable is 1 metre long and has two 4 pin female connectors either end Locate the cable and plug it into the spectrometer first then the power supply Turn on the power supply via the switch located at the back of the power supply Switch the PIMA on with the POWER ON button located at the back of the PIMA Note that the power supply has a red light which indicates that power is on The PIMA will sound a beep when powered up The other power cable is used to supply 12v from a vehicle s cigarette lighter PIMA Il Operations Manual 4 Cables and Interconnections 4 1 Introduction PIMA has been designed and packaged for use in many locations It can be used as a laboratory unit portable vehicle bound unit and a portable personal unit PIMA comes complete with all accessories to carry out any of the mentioned situations 42 Power Sources There are three main power sources that the PIMA can be powered from and these are the city mains outlet 12 volt battery packs and 12 volt vehicle outlets There are cables supplied for each situation and these are described below Location 1 Laboratory Power 110 240 Volts AC Cables 2 required AC Mains cable Not supplied with unit 4 Pin female to 4 Pin female JM socket 1 metre long Procedure Connect the JM 4 pin cable between the power supply 12V out outlet socket and the PIMA back panel PO
50. teration that is noticeably associated with veining abundant sulphides and mineralization is characterized by pyrophyllite and generally lesser dickite Hole 86 6 passed out of this alteration and into more neutral stable clay assemblages from illite pyrophyllite to illite and finally chlorite illite down the hole This type of gradation in clay mineralogy is classic in high sulphidation systems where acid fluid have been progressively neutralized by wall rock to the structure along which they have ascended Dickite appears to increase in zones of higher gold grades and occurs in quartz sulphide veins An association between elevated gold grades and the presence of dickite has been recognized in other high sulphidation deposits Sillitoe 1995 Thompson A J B pers comm It is interesting to note that the pyrophyllite dickite alteration occurring from 47 to 75 meters depth in hole 86 6 and surrounding a massive enargite pyrite vein has never been split for geochemical analysis Illitetsmectite alteration is associated with quartz feldpsar dykes that cross cut Stihuni volcanics Primary textures are largely preserved in these dykes and illite occurs in the groundmass associated with pyrite and minor chalcopyrite Mineralogy Wares Minor pyrophyllite pyrophyllite pyrophyllite 3 5 28 6 pyrophyllite 3 6 31 6 pyrophyllite 3 7 34 5 pyrophyllite 3 8 38 7 pyrophyllite 3 9 39 6 pyrophyllite LIE I 3 10 43 0 illite gt gt 1 3d s
51. th position depth and width full height half width maximum Kaolinite 0 6 8 04 HM la 02 I I I Position I 0 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 Nanometres Figure 5 Example of PIMA Spectra The PIMA II is a commercial field instrument built by Integrated Spectronics Pty Ltd in Australia The instrument has an internal light source allowing collection of laboratory quality data in the field In addition internal calibration allows for comparison of data from one year to the next The instrument is capable of measuring a variety of sample types including rocks chips powders and liquids Results Tables 4 5 and 6 list the minerals identified with the PIMA for samples from holes 86 3 86 1 and 86 6 respectively 10 Discussion The drill holes intersected Stuhini volcanoclastics that are pervasively altered Generally primary textures are obliterated by intense white grey friable clay pyrite alteration often associated with quartz veining Quartz feldspar dykes crosscut the volcanics and are also altered The primary textures are recognizable in the dykes however Late stage prominent green mafic dykes also occur crosscutting the altered rock These mafic dykes are chloritized and contain pyrite The ubiquitous presence of pyrite in the samples affected the spectra slightly by adding noise to the output However some very clear distinctions and conclusions can be drawn from the work The bleached high intensity clay al
52. the analysis was to determine the style of alteration with particular emphasis on clays and sulfates The PIMA short wave infrared spectrometer was chosen as a fast and efficient method of determining the major alteration minerals present The short wave infrared SWIR technique is extremely sensitive to alteration minerals such as clays carbonates and selected sulfates particularly alunite and jarosite SWIR analysis is also sensitive to elemental substitution and changes in order or crystallinity in minerals Short wave infrared spectroscopy detects the vibrational energy within molecular bonds that have bending and stretching modes within the 1300 to 2500nm region of the electromagnetic spectrum The observed absorption features are actually first and second overtones and combination tones of fundamental modes which occur in the mid infrared region SWIR is particularly sensitive to certain molecules including OH H O NH4 CO and AI OH The positions of the features in the spectrum and their characteristic shapes are a function of the molecules present in the mineral SWIR spectroscopy therefore yields some crystallinity information but is not detecting primary changes in the lattice structure as does X ray diffraction Variations in chemical composition may be detected as the positions of features shift consistently with elemental substitution The following figure demonstrates the various aspects of an absorption feature including waveleng
53. ts a percentage value WAVELENGTH SCALE Change the X component for ASCII There are three selections which modify the wavelength scale when the output selected is ASCII The selections are channel nanometre micrometre HULL FUNCTION Remove the baseline from spectrum The hull function has three selections which are disable quotient difference The function of the hull is to calculate the slope found in most spectra and then ratio or subtract this slope from the data Using the hull will remove all offsets and normalise the absorption features This function works for all output types Note that during a batch process the hull function requires many 21 PIMA II Operations Manual calculations so a co processor is recommended to increase processing speed f DIFFERENTIAL ORDER Calculate the Ist 2nd differential This function has three selections and these are disable Ist diff 2nd diff The Ist diff calculates the 1st differential which is mathematically equivalent to difference between each data point divided by one The 2nd diff calculates the difference between each data point of the 1st differential This function is useful in analysing the slopes of the absorption features such that the greater the peaks in the Ist differential the steeper the slops in the original data This function works for all output types SMOOTH ORDER Smooth the data with n points If certain data is noisy due to it b
54. vice This warranty shall not apply to any defect failure or damage caused by improper use improper or inadequate maintenance and care unauthorised repair or attempt to modify the software firmware or hardware of the product No other warranty is expressed or implied ISPL specifically disclaims the implied warranties of mechantability and fitness for a particular purpose The remedies provided herein are the customer s sole and exclusive remedies ISPL shall not be liable for any direct indirect special incidental or consequential damages irrespective of whether ISPL has advance notice of the possibility of such damages Integrated Spectronics Pty Ltd Feb 1996 Table of Contents Introduction to PIMA Spectrometer Care Unpacking the Spectrometer 3 Unpacking 3 2 Set Up Power Supply 3 3 Power Up PIMA Cables and Interconnections 4 1 Introduction 4 2 Power Sources 4 3 RS232 Cables Measuring a Sample 5 1 Introduction 5 2 The HP200LX Computer 5 3 Invoking The PIMA Software 54 Down Loading Data Files 5 5 Initialisation 5 6 Calibration 5 7 Measurement of Samples 5 8 Saving A Measurement 59 X Viewing And Zooming Menus and Operations 6 1 Introduction 6 2 Main Menu And Control 6 3 File Menu 6 4 Measure Menu 6 5 View 66 COMM 6 7 Options 6 8 Utility 69 System Accessory Software 7 1 Introduction 7 2 PIMAEDIT nu D ON CN 00 PIMA Il Operations Manual Introduction to PI
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