Home

Micro Cornucopia

1. LEAP INTO A NEW DIMENSION WITH AZTEC CII NI Full implementation of C with standard floating point library and I O subroutines UNIX VER 7 compatible Produces relocatable 8080 optional 0Z80 assembler code Relocating assembler and linker supplied with package or use Microsoft M80 and L80 SID ZSID debugger interface FAST COMPILATION AND EXECUTION AZTEC CII FOR CP M 199 Special price for Micro C subscribers 149 MANX master charge software systems Box 55 Shrewsbury N J 07701 201 780 4004 Also available for Apple DOS HDOS CP M 86 PC DOS L aa al Tired of the slowness of BASIC Find that the bugs in FORTRAN are bugging you Step up to FORTH the language that gives you total control over your computer UNIFORTH is the only version of FORTH available either captured under an operating system such as CP M or standalone acting as its own operating system Our standalone versions are customized to your single board computer providing serial and parallel port support a real time clock formatting fast disk copy and disk access up to twice as fast as CP M All systems are FORTH 79 and include a video editor macro assembler debugger decompiler top notch documentation and much more Write for our free brochure or order direct from the special Micro C reader prices listed below UNIFORTH Version System Integer Floating Multi Multi Point Tasking User Big B
2. this is standard stuff for the bigboard and the Kaypro The sequence is ESC row address 32 column address plus 32 a a printf Zc c e ESC row 32 001 32 abs return absolute value of a aba a int a return a lt 0 a a END SE a a a a a a eI SN OTe DES a ET TT A a Ee aT TE PC SE SE EY Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 33 Xerox 820 and Up By Jay Jaeckel While at a private show for a major midwestern university I talked with the local XEROX demonstration person During the conversation this person said that XEROX had quit manufactur ing the entire 16 8 820 II family of prod ucts in favor of a newer machine coming out of XEROX R amp D Is this rumor or fact Only time will tell but I sure hope they ship my up grade s before they do whatever they decide to do Many readers may have noticed the proliferation of inexpensive eight inch double sided disk drives that seem to be advertised everywhere This can be a major benefit for those who own a Xerox 820 II single sided eight inch system The double sided disk drive upgrade for your 820 II is a snap Doing the same thing on the 820 is just a little more diffi cult because a BIOS change is required for the operating system to acknowledge that the new double sided drives are different Ingredients 1 or 2 Double Sided Eight Inch Shu gart 850 or 851 Disk Drives 2 AMP 1 480700 connectors for AC power
3. E 4 MHz Z80 A CPU and Peripheral Chips The new Ferguson computer runs at 4 MHz Its Monitor code is lean uses Mode 2 interrupts and makes good use of the Z80 A DMA chip E 64K Dynamic RAM 4K Static CRT RAM 24K E E PROM or Static RAM Big Board II has three memory banks The first memory bank has eight 4164 DRAMs that provide 60K of user space and 4K of monitor space The second memory bank has two 2Kx8 SRAMs for the memory mapped CRT display and space for six 2732As 2Kx8 static RAMs or pin compatible EEPROMS The third memory bank is for RAMor ROM added to the board via the STD bus Whether bought as a bare board an unkit or assembled and tested it comes with a 2732 EPROM containing Russell Smith s superb Monitor Multiple Density Controller for SS DS Floppy Disks The new Cal Tex single board computer has a multiple density disk controller It can use 1793 or 8877 controller chips since it generates the side signal with TTL parts The board has two connectors for disk signals one with 34 pins for 5 25 drives the other with 50 pins for 8 drives E Vastly Improved CRT Display The new Ferguson SBC uses a 6845 CRT controller and SMC 8002 video attributes controller to produce a display rivaling the display of quality terminals There are three display modes Character block graphics and line graphics The board emulates an ADM 31 with 24 lines of 80 characters formed by a 7x9 dot matrix E STD Bus The n
4. TIME With its built in battery backed up clock calendar and powerful appointment tracking software the SPEEDPRO SRTC makes your Kaypro work like no Kaypro has before TIMEPRO To compliment the clock calendar ofthe SPEEDPRO 5RTC Digital Dynamics has developed TIMEPRO a complete software system designed to exploit the Capabilities of the clock calendar TIMEPRO includes SEE TIME which displays the time and date on the screen whenever your Kaypro is operating no matter what software you may be using APPT is Digital Dynamics powerful appointment management software containing features like Appointment scheduling and maintenance Automatic warning of impending appointments and perennial events Time in other places Message storage and retrieval and Many other useful capabilities TIMEPRO also includes source code in several popular computer programming languages for all of the clock calendar reading and setting routines so that you can easily incorporate time and date functions into your own programs SPEED The SPEEDPRO 5RTC of Course shares the performance heritage of its little brother the SPEEDPRO 5 Either one of our boards will give your computer nearly twice the standard processing performance Our SPEEDPROs soup up your Kaypro with a new Zilog Z80B high speed micro processor and Support circuitry Externally mounted toggle switches provide the ability to Switch from standard speed to hig
5. chr 24 end procedure row column integer print chr 27 chr row 32 chr column 32 end function in test_set string char var result char result f if instr 1 test_set subject lt gt 0 then result t 60 subject char end result function test key string 1 picture_char char char var ok char ok ft if in control_set key then ok t else begin case picture_char of t9 if in numbers key then ok t tA if in letters key then ok t tB if in boolean_set key then ok t 1X ok ft t t if in cap_letters key then ok t end end end ok function getkey picture _char char char var key ok char repeat begin echo off input3 key echo on if picture_char and in small_letters key then key chr asc key 32 ok test key picture_char if not ok then begin cursor beep end end until ok ch key end key function mask model string 80 string var mask string 82 var position integer mask space len model for position 1 to len model if in format_set mid model position 1 then mid mask position 1 _ else mid mask position 1 mid model position 1 next mask mask t end mask function input4 row col byte picture default string var position done byte var max_length integer var input_line response string string 82 control c trap off max_length len
6. t push row col break default putchar CLEAR moveto row col push push current coordinates onto stack push y x int y x stkUsp y stk sp J x pop pop a coord off the stack pop zero if stack empty pop Sp if sp gt 0 return stk sp else sp 0 return 0 star draw a star on the screen star int x y for x 0 x lt WIDTH x 3 line x 0 WIDTH 1 x DEPTH 1 for y 0 y lt DEPTH y 2 line 0 y WIDTH 1 DEPTH 1 y bullseye draw concentric circles at center of screen bullseye int r for r 1 r lt 12 r 2 circle WIDTH 2 DEPTH 2 r line draw a line from x0 y0 to x1 y1 line x0 y0 x1 y1 int x0 y0 x1 y1 int a b t first normalize line to positive from to coordinates a x1 x0 b y1 y0 negx negy swap N0 if a lt 0 make a positive atzel negx YES set this so s we can change back later if b lt o same for b b 1 negy YES if a lt b swap em to get from to direction tza azb b t swap YES set this for later vector a b x0 y0 now draw line from a to b using xy offset Listing continued on page 32 Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 256K RAMDISK KIT NOW ONLY 49 95 CANNED LIGHTNING IS CHEAPER THAN EVER Make your spelling checker assembler or compiler programs run 35 300 percent faster by using dynaDisk dynaDisk is a 256k
7. 3 ANY NON ZERO TO A DECLARE NO INTERRUPTS PENDING MOVE THE DRIVER AND THE INTERRUPT SERVICE ROUTINE TO FAXOH SEND OUT ANY CODE STOP CODE TO START THE SC 01 CLOCK 84 MS TIME DELAY WITH 5 MZ CLOCK TO RESET THE SPEECH SYNTHESIZER we we we we SEND OUT A STOP CODE JUST IN CASE THE SC 01 COMES UP TALKING EPROM CODE ADDRESS FOR READY RETURN TO CP M ROUTINE EPROM ADDRESS MUST BE IN THE HL REGISTER PAIR SAVE THE AF REGISTERS CHECK FOR INTERRUPT JUMP BACK IF INTERRUPT FLAG IS SET ZERO TO A REGISTER SET INTERRUPT FLAG SEND LEAST SIGNIFICANT ADDRESS BYTE TO SPEECH SYNTHESIZER CHECK INTERRUPT FLAG JUMP BACK IF INTERRUPT FLAG IS SET ZERO IN A SET INTERRUPT FLAG SEND MOST SIGNIFICANT ADDRESS BYTE TO SPEECH SYNTHESIZER RESTORE THE AF REGISTERS SAVE THE AF REGISTERS NON ZERO IN A CLEAR INTERRUPT FLAG RESTORE AF REGISTERS INABLE INTERRUPTS RETURN FROM INTERRUPT MEMORY ADDRESS FOR INTERRUPT FLAG ORG 100H PROGRAM THE BIG BOARD GP I O PORT A LD A OFH OUT 09 A LD A 1EH OUT 09 A LD A 87H OUT 09 A LD OFF1EH HL LD A OFFH LD INTPND A MOVE ROUTINE TO FAuOH LD HL SPK LD DE OFA4OH LD BC END SPK DI LDIR EI RESET THE SC 01 AND SAY READY LD HL 3FFEH CALL SPK DELAY LD A 80H D1 LD B OFFH D2 DJNZ D2 DEC A JR NZ D1 LD HL 3FFFH CALL SPK LD HL 0C17H CALL SPK JP 0 TO USE DRIVER SPK PUSH AF SP1 LD A INTPND OR A JR Z SP1 XOR A
8. 6 IS i 5 09 3231A port long integers float parameterized defines and bit fields 8A o e Full source code for compiler and library ELOCE 49o 23 No license fees for object code BAS 290 AG 2 e Z80 version takes advantage of Z80 instructions WAITER 50 2 Muse 17 e Excellent support for assembly language and ROMs 27 5 e Q C is standard Good portability to UNIX BIORR 330 3 we 9 Version 3 2 of Q C has many new features structure initialization y BWR 321 Z0 20 faster runtime routines faster compilation and improved ROM sup uq97 o port Yes Q C has casts typedef sizeof and function typing The _ 2RD Q C User s Manual is available for 20 applies toward purchase S00 9 8 VISA and MasterCard welcome 12 2 Z 5266 Hollister 3 7 Suite 224 Uloy 7 7 72 Santa Barbara CA 93111 Wr Sx 73 805 683 1585 12 Z LE Q C CP M Z80 and UNIX are trademarks of Quality Computer ae Digital Research Zilog Inc and Bell Laboratories respectively Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 795 ASSEMBLED amp TESTED NEW LOWER PRICES NOW IN UNKIT FORM TOO BIG BOARD II 4 MHz Z80 A SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER WITH SASI HARD DISK INTERFACE Jim Ferguson the designer of the Big Board distributed by Digital Research Computers has produced a stunning new computer that Cal Tex Computers has been shipping for a year Called Big Board II it has the following features
9. Available on request CHANGE OF ADDRESS Please send your old label and new ad dress SOFTWARE HARDWARE AND BOOK VENDORS We would very much like to review your CP M amp MSDOS compatible products Send materials to the Review Depart ment Micro Cornucopia 16 00 20 00 CP M is a trademark of Digital Research Inc Copyright 1983 by Micro Cornucopia All rights reserved MICRO CORNUCOPIA April 1984 The Single Board Systems Journal No 17 Read A Good CP M Book Lately Ni A You may have noticed that the edito rial is often a collection of things that probably should have been put else where in Micro C but I just didn t get around to prettying them up enough for a formal presentation This editorialis no exception for herein is a book review and a plea for help a little self help that is Book I purchased a book called A Program mer s Notebook by David Cortesi at my lo cal bookstore This is a bit unusual for me because publishers are constantly offer ing to send me every imaginable and unimaginable kind of book free I should have saved some of the more in teresting titles such as A Review of Busi ness Programs for the VIC 20 I m sorry that was a bit facetious Anyway I bought the book and with it an 8 disk containing the programs developed in the book and I m delight ed with it Cortesi is a first rate program mer and writer You get to par
10. FULLY SOCKETED FEATURES Remember all this on one board 64K KIT BASIC 1 0 SIZE 8 2 x 13 IN SAME AS AN 8 IN DRIVE REQUIRES 5V 3 AMPS 12V 5 AMPS 64K RAM Uses Industry standard 4116 RAM s All 64K is available to the user our VIDEO and EPROM sections do not make holes in system RAM Also very special care was taken in the RAM array PC layout to eliminate potential noise and glitches Z 80 CPU Running at 2 5 MHZ Handles all 4116 RAM refresh and supports Mode 2 INTERUPTS Fully buffered and runs 8080 software SERIAL I O OPTIONAL Full 2 channels using the Z80 SIO and the SMC 8116 Baud Rate Generator FULL RS232 For synchronous or asynchronous communication In synchronous mode the clocks can be transmitted or received by amodem Both channels can be set up for either data communication or data terminals Supports mode 2 Int Price for all parts and connectors 39 95 BASIC 1 O Consists of separate parallel port Z80 PIO for use with an ASCII encoded keyboard for input Output would be on the 80 x 24 Video Display BLANK PC BOARD 99 95 The blank Big Board PC Board comes complete with full documentation including schematics the character ROM the PFM 3 3 MONITOR ROM and a diskette with the source of our BIOS BOOT and PFM 3 3 MONITOR 24 x 80 CHARACTER VIDEO With a crisp flicker free display that looks extremely sharp even on small monitors Hardware scroll and full cursor control
11. I would definitely start another maga zine This small newsletter really kept me in tune with what is going on in the industry If you are strong technically you can really do a service to the reader by fielding technical questions Sharing is what the publication busi ness is all about It makes the computing more personal because you become iso lated when you are off programming by yourself I really enjoy that part of it Be sure to pick a popular computer 44 Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 EXPAND YOUR PROTENTIAL 3 HARD DISK ADAPTOR Allows you to add megabytes of storage Easy to install Includes complete software and documentation 95 00 single unit quantity CP M 3 0 BIOS UPGRADE Allows installation of CP M 3 0 giving you a faster more powerful system 50 00 single unit quantity PRONET local network for Kaypro computers Call to order or for information OEM DEALER INQUIRIES WELCOME Quantity Discount Available D HUNTINGTON DATA SYSTEMS Solutions that work for you 307 SIXTH STREET HUNTINGTON BEACH CA 92648 714 360 7498 with a popular operating system If there are too many magazines already trying the water then maybe you shouldn t launch yours but definitely look for a large audience Feedback the Important Bonus I was trying to create something that would meet the needs of my readers but I had very little feedback A few people would write several times
12. buffer address dec a jr z read Write request ld a dwrite ramdsk to write out dcsr a otir 3 do write call rfshon turn refresh on xor a sno error allowe ret read request ld a dread out dcsr a inir call rfshon in a ddata clear ready line xor a ret select ramdisk ld hl dph disk parameter block xor a no error allowed ret ld a drfsh out dcsr a ret defw 26 ysector track defb 3 sblock shift constant defb 7 block mask constant defb extent mask constant defw 242 smax block number defw 63 smax dir entries defb 1190 000b allocation defb v mask defw 16 check size defw 2 reserved tracks defw G ectab dirbuf all chk enddyn F919 F939 8888 F85E OOGA F384 8275 0002 F86F ggl Sector translate table for single density defb 1 7 13 19 defb 25 5 11 17 defb 23 3 9 15 defb 21 2 8 14 defb 20 26 6 12 defb 18 24 4 16 defb 16 22 defw sectab defw G 0 0 defw dirbuf dpblk defw chk all defs 128 defs 32 defs 16 dephase equ end ddyna ALL OOOB BCTL CHK g4 DATA DDATA 0100 DDYNA DPBLK F889 DPH DRFSH ggg DSECT DVRTAB ggg4A DWRITE ENDDYN F800 RAMDVR REF F859 RFSHON SECTAB F854 SELECT SLD 8990 TLD 12 Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 REAL 16 BIT ae eeeennaene kates FUN OE T a i a A SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER FEATURING THE INTEL 801 86 Goe Byte magazine Apri 29 THE SLICER Full 8MHz 16 bit microprocessor having _ Source for
13. dering on the BB II board On top of the pin plug I have added a socket for the original 74LS373 piggy back The RD and WR signals are taken from U97 soldered on the board Together with BIORQ from the STD bus com bined in the 7432 they make the RD and WR signals for 8231A BAOand CLOCK are connected direct _ ly from the STD bus to 82312A RESET is inverted in the 7400 The address bus is decoded by the 74154 the inversion of BA1 in the 7400 and the combination of two address lines in 7409 All this is nec essary since there are not enough inputs in the 74154 The PAUSE output from the 8231A is connected to WAITRQ on the STD bus I have used the 7409 as a buffer though it is not necessary The Intel 8231A I used is a 4 MHz ver sion of AMD9511 It should be possible to use a 3 MHz version if you add a sepa rate clock or divide the BB II clock by two There are languages other than Pascal MT that can use this APU directly In the documentation from AMD you will find assembler routines if you prefer to roll your own nan Figure 7 Big Board I APU Circuit STD bus ov 340 4 V 550 4 SV 120 2 RESET 470 C 2ch On 2 8 BA 27 o S4 00f a BAX 250 ET BAS 23e F7 5 12 CS 78 For only 95 Q C is a ready to use C compiler for CP M You get AA a j 22 complete source code for the compiler and over 75 library functions Bae I7 2 23 Q C is upward compatible with UNIX Version 7 C but doesn t sup
14. pair of legs stands I can t stand them and reading racks if God had meant for me to have a reading rack he would have taught me how to read However the Twist people sent us one of the Fat Jack reading racks and a pageclip which holds books open when they are on the rack The rack easily hooks to the top of the Kaypro and holds books or papers at just the right level Then Sandy spied the rack and started using it She loved it In fact she wouldn t even let me borrow it Well anyone who puts out a product that Sandy won t loan me and then sup ports it like this has earned a mention in Micro C Fat Jack Reading Rack 17 95 Twist Inc PO Box 1406 Renton WA 98057 20 Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 A NEW TWIST bos Be N FAT JACK READING RACK SEE COPY SCREEN KEYBOARD AT THE SAME TIME x EASILY ATTACHED TO ANY KAYPRO 16 WIDE AND STRONG FULLY SUPPORTS BOOKS MAGAZINES e REPORTS WITH UNIQUE PAGECLIP Dealer and group inquiries invited ONLY 17 95 1 50 Shipping Continental U S A Washington Residents Add 1 45 Sales Tax Cashier Checks amp Money Orders Shipped Promptly Personal Checks Must Clear 2 Weeks Price amp Configuration subject to change without notice The Best Accessory You ll Ever Buy For Your Kaypro ORDER FROM TWIST INC P O Box 1406 Renton WA 98057 S BASIC TUTORIAL AVAILABLE Approximately 120
15. the gang at Micro C is making the humble little Kaypro into one hot machine First 5MHz and now 800K per drive Those PC clones better watch out There is one modification that many of us would love to see on the Kaypro a 256K RAM disk It ought to make PW swap files and TW work like a dream Why not get together with Tony Ozre lic of LA Software and produce a Dyna Disk for the Kaypro at a reasonable price I m sure you d have a lot of interest especially those of us who can t afford and see little need for a full blown co processor One question will the Pro Monitor ROM s II 4 and 8 work with the Uni form software and still enable the Kay pro to read and write disks formatted for other machines Mike Perry 6035 40th Ave NE Seattle WA 98115 Editor s note Check with MicroSphere for an inexpen sive RAM disk for the Kaypro Uniform as shipped by Kaypro requires that both A and B drives be correct for that version of Uniform Since we are also sup porting two additional drives you can make Cand D be 96 trackers and still have full use of Uniform Also the CO power board expects to see Kaypro II or 4 drives as A and B So by put ting 96 track drives on C and D you will still be totally compatible with these add ons Dear Editor My sons and I are at an impasse with Adventure We can accumulate 262 points but have not learned to kill the ogre or to avoid paying an onerous tax to th
16. 15 ms With Pascal MT and 8231 APU every loop takes 2 4 ms an increase in speed of about 6 times Hardware Details The APU is addressed as an I O device and I started using the two parallel ports at addresses DA and DB The system Ljungstigen 9 S 144 00 RONNINGE SWEDEN didn t work however until I removed U99 and U104 from their sockets They were in parallel with the APU and kept the data lines at zero I then moved the APU to another ad dress to make the parallel ports free for other uses On the BB II the decoding of the address bus in I O operations is in complete As you can see on the circuit diagram U27 does not read BAS There fore I could address the APU both at ad dresses DH DB and at FA FB I compiled the test program for these new addresses and it worked fine To make the BB II I O decoding read DAS I bent out pin 4 on U27 and con nected it to BA5 19 on the STD bus With U99 and U104 back in their sockets the parallel ports are at DA and DB and the APU is at FA and FB I have made two small circuit boards The first holds the 8231A and 7432 and is located on the modification area on the BB II board close to U104 The second board is bolted to a connector which fits into the STD bus This second board car ries the 74154 7400 and 7409 The data bus IODO 7 is taken from U104 I have removed U104 inserted a pin plug in socket U104 and made the connections to the pin plug to avoid sol
17. David Cortesi Reston Publishing Company Reston Virginia 16 95 without disk Self Help Anyone Support has turned into a real prob lem here at Micro C You see Dana and I have been scrambling to keep systems running build new systems the Little Board and the Latest Slicer modify our present systems the Big Board the Big Board II the new Kaypro 4 and old Kay pro II and try out all those software and hardware packages the PROM pro gramming packages for the BB II for in stance that people send us and plead with us to review Meanwhile we are spending well over half of our working hours answer ing calls for help Mondays and Fridays are the worst with Tuesday Wednesday and Thursday a little lighter usually Some people have suggested that we set specific hours when we will handle technical calls say afternoons on Tues days and Thursdays Others have sug gested that we limit each call to 3 min utes I don t like either of these options Mi cro C is at its best when it helps people continued on page 52 Dear Editor With a few minor problems I got my BB Irunning First there weren t any display sync signals vertical or horizontal A 74504 for U11 got the 14 318mhz oscillator run ning instead of a 74LS04 Still no sync I found the C external pins on the 74LS123 one shots grounded Even on the schematic it showed this Most appli cations I found didn t ground them Af ter cutting
18. EASILY ON FRONT EDGE STOR MOR PORTABLE 7 PLATED MEDIA i 2YEAR WARRANTY DELPHI 15 MB HARD l DISK SYSTEM Enclosure Switching Power Supply SASI Controller WINIF Host Adapter Cables CP M 2 2 Software Supports most CP M Computers COMPONENTSIKITS AVAILABLE 15MB SYSTEM TWICE MOR UPGRADE YOUR II or 4 to a 4 or 8 twice the storage on FLOPPY DISK DRIVES DSDD Drives 390K QUAD DENSITY 96TPI 794K wununaun 2495 ACCENT MOR ROM amp PATCH FOR WORDSTAR DISPLAYS PRINTS DIACRITICAL ACCENTS French Spanish German eid i E Z Installation RCR 1 YR WARRANTY TSE gUn SUPPORTS PRINTERS aeroun with Vertical Motion ssTour a efean Index Control M ET 1234567890 Also for Chameleon Compaq Otrona CLIP MOR LEXAN C THRU PAGE HOLDER 1999 00 STAND MOR Solid Oak KAYPRO STAND ANGLED FOR E Z VIEWING 20 x14 22500 DESCRIPTION BEE MOR ENTERPRISES 22 182nd Avenue East oes 9 5 Pacific Time mc VSA Terms M C VISA COD Money Order Registered Check Two week delay for checks Shipping UPS in Continental US P P insured Outside US Prepaid Tax 7 8 for Washington Residents Kaypro is a registered Trademark of Kaypro Corp WordStar is a trademark of MicroPro SUB TOTAL PacMan is a trademark of Atari Ladder Bs Yahoo Software Chameleon by Seequa Address _________________monou _ Tax Shipping Campaq Computor Corp Otrona City ZIP
19. Joystick to Color Graphics Recovering Text from Memory 52 pages CP M 86 ie DISK 86 1 Disk Hanna D CMD A86 SD CMD A86 XDIR CMD A86 Three extended directory pro grams Each does it differently so we included all three FILE EXT CMD A86 Disk status program with good display format PAGE CMD AS86 A text paging program Dis plays 24 lines at a time PRINT CMD A8 6 File printing routine Puts a header at the top of each page along with page number and file name MUCHTEXT CMD A86 Counts words and linea in a text file ERG CMD 595 Selective file erase program Displays all selected files and then asks you one at a time Efor a Y INUSE CMD A86 Prints In Use on your terminal and asks for a password It will not release the console until you enter the password FINDBAD CMD A867 Finds and collects bad sectors on a disk If there are rio bad sectors information on the disk is unaltered Disk 86 2 DU and Modem Programs DU V75 CMD A86 DOC This is the popular disk utility from CP M 80 It lets you read write and modify disk sectors MODEM4 CMD A8 This is a modem program set up for the Slicer This program includes a built in help file MODEM7SL CMD A86 DOC No modem disk would be complete without this standard This is modem set up for the Slicer It displays a menu when it is called Disk 86 3 Small C C86 CMD This is the original Small C compiler which appeared in Dr Dobbs Journal in 198
20. LD CINTPND A LD A L OUT 08 A SP2 LD A INTPND OR A JR Z SP2 XOR A LD INTPND A LD A H OUT 08 A POP AF RET INTERRUPT SERVICE ROUTINE INT PUSH AF LD A OFFH LD INTPND A POP AF EI RETI INTPND EQU OF AT7AH END END 100H Figure 4 Example Speech Routine DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM TO MAKE THE SPEECH SYNTHESIZER SAY 3 HELLO MY NAME IS WILBER I AM A TALKING COMPUTER THE 3FFEH AND THE 3FFFH EPROM ADDRESSES ARE 185 AND 47 MS TIME DELAYS SPEEK EQU ORG LD LOOP LD CP JR LD INC LD INC CALL JR END JP 2 DATA DEFW DEFW DEFW DEFB END OFA4OH 100H IX DATA A IX 40H Z END L A IX H IX IX SPEEK LOOP 0 ADDRESS FOR THE SPEECH SYNTHESIZER DRIVER ROUTINE LOAD IX WITH EPROM DATA ADDRESS LOAD A WITH EPROM ADDRESS LOW BYTE TEST TO SEE IF LAST BYTE END IF STOP BYTE PUT LOW BYTE IN REGISTER L INCREMENT COUNT LOAD H WITH EPROM ADDRESS HIGH BYTE INCREMENT COUNT CALL DRIVER ROUTINE GET NEXT BYTE 073EH 3FFEH 0A1DH OA25H 083FH OF 3DH 3FFEH 07 88H 0076H 0000 3FFFH OD9AH 02E0H 40H Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 Digital Dynamics SPEEDPRO 5RTC It s time for your Kaypro Be the master of your time by equipping your Kaypro II or 4 with our SPEEDPRO S5RTC accessory board and TIMEPRO software Offering the high speed performance of our popular SPEEDPRO 5 the SPEEDPRO 5RTC adds the fourth dimension to your computing capabilities
21. Operations C show Context in file L Lookup word in dictionary M Misspelled correct file to D putin user Dictionary I Ignore N Next word P Previous word E Exit review or any other key displays menu ORDER ATNO RISK Check out the manual and if you don t agree that SpellSys is a super bargain just return the package with the disk un opened within 30 days and we ll refund your money SPELLSYS 29 95 ppd in US amp Can Other Foreign add 5 00 Requires 32K CP M Formats 8 SS SD or 5 SS DD for KayPro Xerox Osborne Morrow Superbrain CP M is a trademark of Digital Research P O Box 65 Bend OR 97709 MC 503 382 8048 Visa every product we ve mentioned or haven t mentioned If they won t take the time to support their product then maybe the best thing we can dois push them alittle Send usa letter to the editor detailing the problem and the lack of support They ll get to hear about it 2 If you re working on something that we ve covered in a back issue please be willing to order the issue Don t call and expect us to spend half an hour telling you what the article said so you can save 3 00 3 Try to locate your own sources of parts like disk drives If you call we ll tell you to check the ads in Micro C in the back of Byte or in the Computer Shop per We ll also try to keep you posted on good sources in our columns Casca
22. STOP BYTE INC HL LD A 40H LD HL A CALL SPK START SC 01 CLOCK DELAY LD A 80H 385 MS TIME DELAY WITH 5 MZ CLOCK TO D1 LD B OFFH ALLOW THE SPEECH SYNTHESIZER TO RESET D2 DJNZ D2 DEC A JR NZ D1 LD HL DATA LOAD MEMORY LOCATION DATA LD A OFFH WITH A STOP PHONEME AND LD HL A 3A STOP BYTE INC HL LD A 4OH LD HL A CALL SPK SEND THE STOP PHONEME TO SC 01 LD HL DATA1 MOVE THE PHONEME CODE TO SAY READY LD DE DATA 3TO MEMORY LOCATION DATA LD BC 7 DI LDIR EI CALL SPK SAY READY JP 0 DRIVER ROUTINE LOCATED AT MEMORY ADDRESS FA40H SPK PUSH AF SAVE THE AF REGISTER PAIR PUSH HL SAVE THE HL REGISTER PAIR LD HL DATA ADDRESS OF SINGLE PHONEME DATA SP1 LD A INTPND TEST THE INTERRUPT FLAG OR A IF lt gt ZERO DATA CAN GO OUT JR Z SP1 LOOP BACK IF ZERO LD A HL cP 40H CHECK FOR LAST PHONEME CODE JR Z ENDIT IF NO MORE CODE END XOR A ZERO IN REGISTER A LD INTPND A SET INTERRUP FLAG LD A HL IF NOT END GET PHONEME CODE BACK IN A OR A OCOH ADD OFFSET FOR EPROM ADDRESS OUT 08 A SEND LOW BYTE TO SPEECH SYNTHESIZER INC HL INCREMENT INDEX REGISTER SP2 LD A INTPND SEE IF HIGH BYTE CAN GO OUT OR A SEE IF ZERO JR Z SP2 LOOP BACK IF ZERO XOR A GET ZERO IN A REGISTER LD INTPND A SET INTERRUT FLAG LD _ s A PITCH GET HIGH BYTE ADDRESS FOR SINGLE PHONEME OUT 08 A SEND HIGH BYTE ADDRESS TO SYNTHESIZER JR SP1 GET NEXT PHONEME CODE ENDIT POP HL RESTORE THE HL REGISTER PAIR POP AF RESTORE THE
23. Sa SANE SA POA OND pend fc GND Du Beth SLO GND CP tr Am SEND ce esas ND Cl Wane As ht GTP Sab GRO I SEE em cr And much more Turbo Pascal 49 95 5 00 My system is 8 bit 16 bit shipping per Copy Operating system CP M 80 Check____ Money Order perang sy VISA MasterCard CP M 8 amp 6 _ _MS DOS___ PC DOS ORDER YOUR COPY OF TURBO Card Computer Disk Format PASCAL TODAY TO TAKE ADVANTAGE Exp date Shipped UPS Please be sure mode number and format are correct OF OUR INTRODUCTORY SPECIAL For Visa and MasterCard orders cal toll free 1 800 227 2400 X 968 IN CA 1 800 772 2666 X 968 B BORLAND hbpress BB INTERNATIONAL cltw STATE ZIP _ Borland International TELEPHONE i lines open 24 hrs a day 7 days a week 4807 Scotts Valley Drive California residents add 6 2 sales tax Outside North America add ee an Scotts Valley California 95066 15 00 Checks must be on a U S Bank and in U S dollars Sorry no Dealer amp Distributor Inquiries welcome Telex 172373 S C O D The Kaypro Column By David Thompson K aypro is distributing an update package for the early Kaypro 10 the one with the Tandon drives that lets you boot off the floppy All systems are supposed to automati cally boot off the floppy if there is a disk in the drive but only the more recent sys tems can doit Format and Sysgen a flop py with your 10 then hit the reset button with the new disk in place and see if
24. Some SGS parts have been slow especially the ROMs Get a 250 ns 2732 and burn the ROM data into the top half Then plug that in place of the 2716 1 that s what we are do ing and it has solved the ROM problem com pletely Also some sources of SGS Z80Bs have been shipping poor quality parts I haven t tracked down the culprits but some of the SGS s people are getting won t run 5 MHz y 4 4 4 y y eM MR MH MH KH MH y Dear Editor Iam impressed I expected the usual 4 to 6 week waiting period between the time when you order a magazine and when you receive the first issue and was really surprised as well as pleased when I received my first issue within two weeks It came yesterday and I have already read it once I am assuming this is a state ment of the quality of services you strive to provide to your subscribers Keep up the good work I am a newcomer to the computer world and am basically an illiterate with lots of questions What is an EPROM Is it edible It s OK with tabasco sauce if you watch out for the legs After reading what my manuals had to say about HEX felt as though I had been hexed Is a Slicer any good for cutting tough tomato skins Yes and it is fast One reader in your letters column in issue 15 talked about stepping in and stepping out at 3ms on a 1771 while forcefully interrupting Is that a new dance where you try to make more noise than the band Is a MONOSTABLE a place where they
25. cece eens cree cece reese eeeeeee 29 95 Pro Set I Pro Monitor II amp Pro Character ccceeec cece ccc enceeeceeence 55 00 Pro Set 4 Pro Monitor 4 amp Pro Character cc cece ces eccceceeeseeceerens 55 00 Pro Set 8 Pro Monitor 8 package amp Pro Character ccceeescceeseeseeees 70 00 Pro 8 ROM Package The PRO 8 package from Micro Cornucopia upgrades your KayPro 4 to a KayPro 8 with 784K bytes 96 directory entries per Tandon 100 4 or equivalent quad density drive Plus you can select your own cursor character and change it at will The package includes the new PRO 8 monitor ROM a disk of formatters and copiers and printed instruc tions We even tell you how to turn your KayPro II into a KayPro 4 All you add is one or two double sided double density 390K or double sided quad density 784K drives You get over 1 5 Megabytes on a two drive quad density system This new system can read write and format KayPro II and KayPro 4 disks as well as KayPro 8 disks And it recognizes each disk type automatically All this for only 4995 Watch Micro Cornucopia for more KayPro compatibles Call or write for information on the other KayPro II and 4 ROMS from Micro Cornucopia KayPro II Schematic Package This is a complete schematic of the KayPro logically laid out on a single 24 x 36 sheet no more searching to see where a signal goes or comes from Even the unused gates are sho
26. for the Dynadisk which would work with the 820 II soft ware Two problems had to be resolved First the 820 II uses drives A D for the two floppy disks so I chose drive E for the Dynadisk instead of drive D used by the standard BB I Dynadisk software The second problem was the 820 II monitor There is no listing available for the ROM monitor used in the 820 II and it is radically different from the monitor used in either the BB I or the 820 I The only solution was to disassemble the monitor which was a slow and tedious process The 820 II monitor uses the loadable disk drivers and a standardized com mand block to communicate with all disk drivers Two tables in RAM are used to reference the correct driver for each drive The standard 820 II has two disk drivers built in One for the floppies and one for the SASI interface option At boot time the correct driver is configured continued on page 12 811B 11D O11F 0121 8123 0125 0127 0129 g12C F800 F8 1 F802 F804 F805 F806 F807 F808 F809 F80A F8 B F8 C F88D F80E F86F F810 F811 F812 F813 F814 F815 F816 F817 F818 F819 F81A F81B F81C F81D F81F F820 F822 F824 F825 F827 F829 F82B F82C F82E F82F F830 F831 F832 3E D3 3E D3 3E D3 C3 TE 3C 28 E5 23 23 23 5E 23 56 23 7E 23 23 E5 3D EB 29 E5 D1 29 29 ES cl 29 g9 19 4F g6 g9 3E D3 7C D3 3E D3 7D D3 El 5E 23 56 E
27. half intensity My 8 inch flippy disks formatted with double density have more than one Mbyte of user storage and are almost im possible to fill That is until I get used to it having so much space There are problems however The new BIOS generates an audible key click which I find very annoying Unfortu nately there is no mention of a key click toggle in the manual The Set Clock program that I obtained from users disk one will not set the clock properly The program translates the time to a hexadecimal clock display which I find very difficult to read Hope fully someone will publish an update to SETCLK COM so my clock will tell nor mal time again Conclusion Overall this is an excellent product which does all and more that is prom ised in the advertisement Ionly wish for better packaging as my nerves fray easily at the sight of folded and pierced disks Broken pins I do know how to repair now This method of stacking the board ona socket may work equally well for that ex pensive I C with the broken pin s If the remaining material is enough to sol der to and you are quick in soldering it is worth a try Do not forget to glue the socket to the I C as otherwise the two will part next time you extract the I C from its socket on the printed circuit board Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 Integrated BIOS for BB II This BIOS adds special features for floppy and winchester users
28. low investment thing I could build slow _ ly I invested 300 at the start for materi als and a classified ad I sent releases to Byte Creative Computing Personal Computing and a few others I pur chased a classified ad in Computer Shopper it wasn t a display ad just a bit of text announcing the newsletter By far the best response was from the ad in Computer Shopper Plus the ad was cheap However in March of this year I mailed out issue 7 This issue marked both the first anniversary of the publica tion and the end of the publication Cir culation was 150 Marketing It s hard to know why there were so few readers but it s probably because most owners of the system never found out that the newsletter existed I started on a shoestring and spent just enough to have a classified ad in com puter shopper People who saw our ad and contacted us said they were pleased to know someone was doing it Most were computer professionals most felt alone and most felt that they weren t get ting much help from NEC The magazine continued to grow at about 6 subscribers a month even after I stopped advertising which indicates that there has been some word of mouth ad vertising Production It took me a while to get the printing costs down I was having only 150 print ed but I was paying 250 per printing You see I was having so few printed that most of the cost was for making the plates and putting the
29. monitor and bios included on disk complete software e compatibility with the 0 po e a t 8086 nd 8088 o Bios for CP M 86 supports 8 5 1 4 3 1 2 a u drives and the Xebec 1410 controller for hard 256K Bytes of RAM plus 32K Bytes of Se disks EPROM memory capacity on boardi 2 25 M Board size 6 x 12 power requirernents Floppy disk controller can run the Soan ee OBA 12V 60mA 12V 50mA combination of 8 5 1 4 3 V2 drives Complete documentation included simultaneously r SASI port for hard disk controller T Sold i in various forms Two full function RS232C serial ports 4 rare and rested with individually controlled baud rates Easy Kit hard to get parte from S 50 19 38 4K baud Toor i oo Bare Kit board Rom doc and disk 8K of EPROM contains ave for a CP M 86 available peripherals commands for hardware SEE Regular U P S shipping within continental u checkout and software testing Be is included THE NEW SLICER EXPANSION BOARD 256K bytes dynamic RAM using the r m Parallel printer port for Centronios type ae _ TMS4500 DRAM controller _ printers EL 2 RS232C serial asynchronous ports using As Same size as the SLICER Power 5V 1 5A the Signetics SC2681 serial communications 12 200 mA 12V 100 mA 7 lt circuit with baud rates selectable from 36 AK baud to 50 baud ceva s di e orm 2 RS232C serial ahoni p pane using ng
30. multiplied by 4 to create the address to find the 32 bit interrupt vector When the CPU sees the INT instruc tion and generates the address with the operand it then pushes the flags the code segment register and the program counter on the stack The code segment register and the program counter are then loaded with the interrupt vector so that the next operation will be the in Complete documentation STAND ALONE U I E 256k bytes of RAM with DMA capability 4 fully buffered 8 bit parallel ports 4 Mhz use Z80A parts and 200 nsec dynamic RAM 2 5 MHz use Z80 parts and 250 nsec dynamic RAM configurable EPROM socket 2716 thru 27256 4 fully buffered 8 bit parallel ports 2 configurable RS232C serial ports Complete documentation orders shipped within 10 days A R O Biegun amp Associates P O Box 4071 Stn B Winnipeg Manitoba Canada R2W 5K8 struction pointed to by the vector All the BDOS functions in CP M 80 have the same function numbers and pa rameter registers in CP M 86 For exam ple to output a character to the printer register CL was Cin CP M 80 is loaded with the function number 05 for LST output and the character is loaded in DL was Ein CP M 80 Then BDOS is called by interrupt type 244 Since the current program counter is pushed on the stack the interrupt normally returns to the calling routine with a RETI return from interrupt which pops the return address off the stack and re
31. picture done ft response default space max_length len default input_line mask picture row col print input_line position 1 row col position print default row col position repeat begin if in format_set mid picture position 1 then begin case getkey mid picture position 1 of chr 13 done t chr 05 begin done t control e end ehr 24 begin done t control xt end ehr 25 begin response row col print input_line position 1 row col position end chr 08 begin if position gt 1 then position position 1 while not in format_set mid picture position 1 and position gt 1 do begin position position 1 end mid response position 1 row col position print _ row col position end chr 04 position position 1 ch begin mid response position 1 ch row col position print ch position position 1 end end end else begin while not in format_set mid picture position 1 and position lt max_length do position position 1 end row col position if position gt max_length then done t end until done end response remark the main application begins here var x y integer var format autoanswer answer var again char string 80 repeat begin cursor erase input2 Please enter screen coordinates as row column x y print Please enter input mask using 9 s A s B s X s and s input2
32. provided Z 80 is a Trademark of Zilog Digital Research Computers OF TEXAS P O BOX 461565 e GARLAND TEXAS 75046 214 271 3538 TERMS Shipments will be made approximately 3 to 6 weeks after we receive your order VISA MC cash accepted We will accept COD s for the Big Board only with a 75 deposit Balance UPS COD Add 4 00 shipping USA AND CANADA ONLY TRADEMARK OF DIGITAL RESEARCH NOT ASSOCIATED WITH DIGITAL RESEARCH OF CALIFORNIA THE ORIGINATORS OF CPM SOFTWARE 1 TO 4 PIECE DOMESTIC USA PRICE MICRO CORNUCOPIA P O Box 223 Bend Oregon 97709 503 382 8048 Editor amp Publisher David J Thompson Assistant Editor Eric Belden Graphic Design Sandra Thompson Technical Department Dana Cotant Advertising Director Alice Holbrow Staff Assistants Dorcas Dsenis Tracey Braas Typography Patti Morris amp Martin White i Irish Setter MICRO CORNUCOPIA is the single board systems journal sup porting systems programming lan guages and single board systems including the Big Board Big Board II Xerox 820 Kaypro and Slicer MICRO CORNUCOPIA is pub lished six times a year by Micro Cor nucopia of Oregon P O Box 223 Bend Oregon 97709 SUBSCRIPTION RATES 1 yr 6 issues 1 yr first class 1 yr Canada amp Mexico 20 00 1 yr other foreign 26 00 Make all orders payable in U S funds ona U S bank please ADVERTISING RATES
33. socket One obstacle had been overcome and on reading the damaged disk it became clear that all damage had occurred in the unused part near the center All files could be transferred to a back up disk Removing the floppy disk controller I C and installing the daughter board in its place was no problem at all and my Big Board booted normally as always on single density By following the clear and precise instructions of the manual I had in no time a double density disk that contained various enhancements to the BIOS New BIOS First it has a printer driver that I can change from serial either port to paral lel and can modify as well This was something I had wanted for a long time Secondly four special function keys ORYX Welbeloond Rd Constantia 7800 South Africa appeared on my keyboard apart from a host of others the screen dump to my printer the clock toggle displaying the time of day in the top righthand corner of the screen the abort key that displays the value of the program counter in the lower righthand corner and the scroll key that automatically scrolls through 24 linefeeds when in TYPE mode and then generates a pause Six escape sequences identical to the newer terminals not only make your Wordstar and Supercalc react faster to your commands but allow you to set bit 7 of the screen memory Now it becomes possible to add the hardware to do video highlighting like reverse video or
34. the Ai nd om Zilog 8530 SCC with header connectors Full Kit for synchronous communications personality Memory Board cards 3 Port Board and Clock mae Real Time Clock with battery E Back up using the Bare Board and Doc lt CDP6818 RTC circuit on board or off board Regular U P S shipping within continental battery n is included Choose 8 MHz CPU for speed 6 MHz CPU for speedy delivery SLICER SLICER COMPUTERS INC 2543 Marshall St N E Mastercard Visa 4 check money order or Minneapolis MN 55418 612 788 9481 C 0 D orders accepted CP M a trademark of Digital Research Inc Please allow 4 weeks for delivery p Pascal Procedures John P Jones The first step in programming in any language should be a precise definition of the problem at hand and an outline of its solution In many cases this step will be the most time consuming and difficult portion of the entire project Program Development Recently I needed a routine to inter pret a message from another computer and perform a series of processes based on the message data and imbedded con trol codes The first step was to get a defi nition of the input message in all of its possible forms 1 Data in ASCII 2 Enumeration of all possible fields 3a All fields in fixed positions 3b Fields delimited by a special char acter 4 Enumeration of all possible actions 5 Enumeration of all codes for 4 Now the procedures
35. thing as a free lunch That means that you will be able to use two outboard drives as C and D if you add a simple drive decoder circuit and the necessary _ data and power cables If you get the TEAC half wide drives you can mount all four drives inside the cabinet and run the whole thing off the built in supply since the TEACs use only half the power as wellas half the space of the Tandons The Tandon and CDC drives will require separate power supplies The ROMs that support four drives have s around the continued on next page Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 19 KAYPRO COLUMN continued ROM sign on message so we call them PRO 8 ROMs We will have a complete Plus 2 pack age for the PRO 8 The package will in clude the decoder board and a disk with the additional formatting and system utilities that you will need for four drives We re also getting prices on com plete cables so if you don t want to build your own we ll have them More infor mation on these in issue 18 Note that this will be the genuine Micro C decoder board You ll be the envy of all the Kaypro users on your block when you show them your very own Micro C decoder We re waiting for Batman and Robin to order their own copy of this beauty Anyway this way you can leave your original drives in place if you wish and add two more of any type 191K 380K or 784K outboard or you can replace your present drives with up to four h
36. to attack the problem can be logically outlined or flow charted If the data is in ASCII it was the input message can be most conve niently handled as a STRING since the built in STRING handling procedures can then be used The first outline would be for a routine to copy the input data to a Pascal STRING variable If fields are not in fixed positions a routine for scanning the data to deter Figure 1 Pascal Examples mine field positions should then be blocked out followed by a functional definition for a command interpreter Finally the repertoire of actions to be performed under control of the com mand interpreter should be outlined Start Your Coding The actual coding can begin at this point My method is to sequentially de velop the routines for a test case and then modify expand to cover all cases In my example the STRING conversion routine is written and debugged using constant input data and a simple calling program before going on to live input data In like manner the field extraction routine is developed first for fixed input then for variable The command interpreter develop ment is only slightly more complex The routines for each action can be written and tested independently for fixed and variable input These routines are later integrated into the main program by an other independently written module which selects the proper function based on the control code imbedded in the fi
37. we ve overstepped our boundaries while x lt sa Plot x y x0 y0 S b X if s gt 0 Se sa y circle draw a circle on the screen circle x0 y0 r int x0 y0 r all this does is go thru each octant of the circle and draw a sector for negx 0 negx lt 2 negx for negy 0 negy lt 2 negy for swap 0 swap lt 2 swap sector r x0 y0 sector plot 1 8 th of circle sector r x0 y0 int r x0 y0 int x y 3 this is similar to vector except that we are plotting part of a circle S does the same job that is it accumulates error until it gets too big positive and we reduce x accordingly to keep the circumference of the circle within the radius r X P y 0 s lt P while y lt x f plot x y x0 y0 S 2 y 1 Y if s gt 0 S 22 x4 2 Xun plot move cursor to coords and put a char there plot x y xs ys int x y x3s y3 3 int t ignore out of bounds coordinates if x lt 0 ii x gt 79 il y lt 0 i y gt 23 return don t plot lower righthand corner it makes the screen scroll me if x 279 amp amp y 23 return Listing continued on next page 32 Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 ADD MOR TO YOUR KAYPRO i PLAY MOR ROM GENERATES 23 GAME CHARACTERS Patch into PAC MAN LADDER SPACE INVADERS STAR TREK f 1 YR WARRANTY VU MOR E Z VIEW COPY STAND 12 x17 ABS PLASTIC MOUNTS
38. will do an internal RESET Since the module uses only Port A to load successive bytes some means of automatic reset must be built into the chip to keep the phoneme generator and the computer from getting out of sync Figure 1 Word Mode Data high byte msb MMAAAAAA where M A t ott Figure 2 Phoneme Mode Data msb MM11111 1 where low byte lsb AAAAAAAA 00 low pitch through 11 high pitch 0 through 3FBF hex word starting address lsb 11PPPPPP 00 low pitch through 11 high pitch 0 through 3F hex phoneme code 9910 Leawood Blvd Houston TX 77099 Word Mode The word mode data rate averages about 3 5 bytes per second 1 7 words per second Word Mode data i e the pitch and starting address of the word in the module s EPROM is shown in Fig ure 1 Phoneme Mode Phoneme mode data rate averages about 23 bytes per second 11 5 pho nemes per second Phoneme Mode data i e the pitch and address of the pho neme in the module s EPROM is shown in Figure 2 The two programs labeled SPEAK Z80 and BSPEAK Z80 are combination driv er and interrupt service routines They are written in assembly language The first is used to setup the Big Board for word or phoneme speech with as sembly language programs The second is used with BASIC when speaking pho nemes Even BASIC at 5 MHz can t feed phoneme data fast enough to keep the speech from sounding strung out so words are POKEd into me
39. 0 3 ROFF text formatter 4 SIGNS prints large block letters USERS DISK 9 1 ADVENTURE expanded 550 pt version 2 Keyboard translation program 3 CBIOS serial amp parallel printer interface KERON programming package for BB II for 2732s only USERS DISK 10 Lots of Disk Utilities 1 REBOOT sets up the CP M auto load 2 SWEEP directory file transer routine 3 A Lets BB I recognize a double sided drive as one drive with 494K of usable space 4 FIX super disk utility does everything much easier to use than DU77 5 Compare files routine 6 UNERA retrieve erased files 7 FIND check all drives on system for a file 8 MENU menu program for CP M 9 NEWCAT enhanced disk catalog program 10 Single drive copy program that does track by track copies rather than file by file USERS DISK 11 Printer Utilities 1 Microline 92 printer routine 2 Graphics display package for MX 80 with Graftrax very fancy 3 Epson MX80 setup for BB 1 with 59 5K CP M 4 Epson MX8 setup for any CP M lets you set print modes 5 Micro Tek print driver Ports A amp B USERS DISK 12 Games for BB I 1 ALIENS a fast exciting arcade game 2 ZCHESS chess with a 1 6 level look ahead 3 MASTERMIND match wits with the computer 4 BIO Biorhythm charts complete with graphics on the BBI 5 LIFE so fast it s real animation 6 CRAPS see how much you d lose in Vegas 7 WUMPUS a caver s delight kill the Wumpus or be killed 8 PRESSUP similar to Othello 9 Gam
40. 0 It runs under CPM 86 and generates 8086 source for the ASM6 amp 6 assembler C86 COM This is the C86 compiler which runs under CPM 80 This 8080 program produces 8086 assembly language C86LIB A86 This is the C86 I O library SMALLC86 DOC Documentation on Small C C777 C Source of the C86 compiler Plus there are a number of demonstration files and ENTAB insert tabs in place of spaces and DETAB replies tabs with spaces programs all written in Sma 8 CP M 86 Disk 15 00 each Your Fortune in the Microcomputer Business 26 45 US Can Mex EE AE 36 45 Other foreign This is the best most complete collection of working for yourself information I ve found and I ve heard nothing but good comments from those who have received it This two volume set is perfect for those times when you need a break from monitor watching Sedvavtaees 27 95 US Can Mex wth tle aw Salata tyes ceavear waar 37 95 Other foreign This is one of the best books on CP M It covers the whole spectrum of users from novice to guru There are a few books that include more programming examples but none work better for the whole range of users and this book is perfect for reference use Micro C s copy of Inside CP M is showing definite signs of overuse MICRO CORNUCOPIA P O Box 223 Bend Oregon 97709 FERGUSON ENGINEERING 817 640 0207 BIGBOARD 1 82
41. 0 0 3 141 1 0 04351434140 0434151 040405 1 040 040 404151435 14050 3 3 140 0 0 1 1 1 140405151 0 0 0 051434353405053514340 0 0514351 1 0 0 353 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 3 3 3 0 0 0 1 3 3 1 0 0 330 DATA 3 3 1 3 0 0 1 3 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 3 0 0 0 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 3 3 0 0 0 3 1 1 3 0 0 3 1 353 0 0 343 1 1 0 0 ea LE A PS A EE 40 Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 Attention HP 3000 Users KAYPRO Terminal Emulator Termtype 10 Compatible Kaypro is a trademark of Kaypro Corporation Order MuNet Kaypro from Computer Service Department Southern College The ICO was designed for a variety of fields like personal computers cash registers intelligent industrial controllers CP M PLUS license is included All CP M PLUS features are supported OEM and DEALER inquires welcome ESRI ea sssssaasasy 699 Assembled amp Tested CP M PLUS RMAC MAC ED SID with manuals 999 Assembled amp Tested CP M PLUS 8 compatible Disk Drive 1 2mb double track quad density RAM DISK BOARD NEC7220 Graphic Board with GSX 68000 CP M 68K Board will be available soon CP M PLUS GSX RMAC MAC ED and SID are trademarks of Digital Research F Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 ICO IS THE BIGGEST BOARD PRI NT on parallel printer emulates HP thermal MOVE ASCII files between HP disk and Kaypro disk Upload requires one time access to SPL U N P
42. 0 1 256K BIGBOARD 1 820 1 256K RAM EXPANSION MODULE RAM EXPANSION MODULE l Now you can add a quarter megabyte of RAM to your Bigboard 1 or 820 1 in a clean and efficient manner This module can be used as a RAM disk a spooler buffer a disk cache or anything that requires more memory than the basic 64K This module uses none of your precious 1 O Instead it plugs in to five device sockets below the existing RAM array as a daughter board It adds only 4 inch to the overall height of the computer board The interface is accomplished with absolutely NO wires cables or jumpers The interconnect hardware PAL and difficult to obtain discrete components are provided with the bare board kit and tested versions Only 7 TTL devices are required This memory array resides in the address space of the CPU as 16 blocks of 16K Any 16K physical block can be mapped into any 16K logi cal block addressable by the CPU A bipolar RAM mapper controls which 16K blocks the CPU has access to The mapper is configured by easily understood single byte commands written to memory location OFFFFH This extremely flexible architecture will accommodate a wide variety of applications such as MPM CPM and a host of high speed data acquisition tasks This RAM upgrade will work at 4 Mhz This product comes with complete schematics and a full theory of 256K operation with many programming examples Assembly installation FERGUSON and test procedures are thoroughly documen
43. 2128 Rivendell Audiocomp Custom Audio and Computer Design 22 619 451 3424 1317 W College Ave Lompoc CA 93436 want to clear the screen etc We just say cursor up cursor down cursor erase cursor roll over and so on You may ave to change some of the print commands if you don t have a Kay pro Cursor positioning To position the cursor on the screen the programmer just enters the row and column and the procedure will take care of the rest Do that a few times with out this routine and you ll really grow to appreciate the power of structured pro gramming Again this works for the Kaypro and may need modification for use elsewhere String search The in function is something I sort of stole from Pascal Pascal has a neat set operator called in and a few prede fined sets However in SBASIC we ll have to de fine our own sets of characters as strings and use this string search function to de termine if our test character is in the set Notice that this function returns a t or an f In SBASIC these characters are taken for boolean results This means that we don t have to say if in format_set t we can just say if in format_set We defined the sets at the beginning of the program and the next procedure us es these sets to test input characters A Test of Character The test procedure compares a key to one of our defined sets
44. 4 to go along with the other input statements provided by SBASIC Declarations and definitions The first two sections of code in our input tool are variable declarations and constant definitions Because global var iables make more work when we chain programs and they represent permanent space allocation we will keep these to a minimum Speed is very important in this rou tine however and we will save a good deal of time by not reinitializing these variables on every pass through this rou tine Turning off line number generation with the compiler directive Slines will also save time and space Cursor commands Next comes the cursor procedure With this procedure we don t have to type print chr 26 etc every time we EXPAND YOUR BIG BOARD More Memory More Ports Rivendell Audiocomp announces an innovative expansion board for your BB I featuring ADD MEMORY e 4 rows of dynamic RAMs providing up to 256K with 64K RAMs or 1 Mb with 256K RAMs ADD PORTS e 2 RS 232 serial ports e 4 buffered parallel ports e 8 input 8 bit A D converter e 32K ROM or CMOS static e 2 8 bit D A converters RAM 8K x 8 devices OTHER FEATURES e Same size as BB l piggyback mount e Complex sound generator e Counter timer e Real time clock e Plus many more hardware features Available as bare board kit For more informa tion and prices write to Rivendel Audiocomp P O Box 28937 San Diego CA 9
45. 5 with color board purchase 6500 ZENITH MONITOR Model ZVM121 green There is also one small bug in the 2on8 routine If you put an 80 track drive in A this program will not proper ly format a Kaypro II disk in A The fol lowing will fix the problem A gt ddt 20n8 com DDT VERS 2 2 NEXT PC 1F80 0100 3732 0732 FC f8 0733 F5 cnt1 C A gt save 30 New2on8 com In other words changing the byte at 732 hex from FC hex to F8 hex makes everything work properly Tandon 101 4 Tandon has begun shipping a new drive called the 101 4 We ve had prob lem reports from users who have this drive We borrowed a 101 4 long enough to bring it up on our Kaypro II The most remarkable thing about this drive is that it is practically silent I mean that little stepper just doesn t re alize what steppers are supposed to sound like It is great Anyway check out the following if you have one of these Big Board I Assembled and tested color board has 16 colors 32 sprites 16K of RAM TMS 9918A color processor tutorial manual 2 disks of software includes screen dump to disk and printer Developed by Don Brittain Now only 2450 Bare Board Schematic Software amp Cable 100 1 Be sure that only one drive is ter minated two terminators will over whelm the driver The terminators look like blue ICs 2 Set up the jumpers as follows W9 open W19 closed Jumper on W13 for 6 ms s
46. 5 Volts e All power controlled by software Extensive MENU driven soft ware to Read Program Save Load Verify CRC check Dump Erase check complete with source code Over one year of troublefree use EZPROMMER A amp T w Harness Disk 125 Kit with Disk APL CHARACTER GENERATOR FOR XEROX 820 II Upgrade kit allows the 820 II to display all the standard charac ters and attributes while permit ting the display of all APL char acters Kit includes ROM and software APL UPGRADE KIT 49 95 NY RES ADD LOCAL TAX POSTAGE AND HANDLING 2 00 VISA MC CHECK or COD 716 377 0369 f OPTRONICS TECHNOLOGY P O BOX 81 PITTSFORD NY 14534 Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 REMEMBER FREE Users Disks in exchange for submitted software or articles Especially for the Big Board From Micro Cornucopia P O Box 223 Bend OR 97709 503 382 8048 oo BB I BB II and XEROX 820 USERS DISKS The following are full 8 disks of software Each program has a DOC documentation file and many come with source USERS DISK 1 1 Two fast disk copiers 4 Two disk formatters 2 The manual for Small C 5 Modem 7 3 Crowe Z80 Assembler 6 Othello 7 Serial print routine Port B USERS DISK 2 1 Two single disk drive copy programs both with source 2 Crowe Z80 Assembler source 3 New Crowe COM file debugged version 4 New CBIOS with parallel print driver amp other extensi
47. 6 bits of every fourth phoneme in the 2 otherwise unused bits of the first three phonemes For example take the word COM MUNICATE Broken down into pho netic speech the word looks like this K UH2 M Y1 IU U1 N I3 K A1 Y T Stop Once converted to the six bit code re quired for the Votrax 19 31 OC 22 36 37 OD 09 19 06 29 2A 3F a Pi This code is then compressed by tak ing the codes tagged with an asterisk and shoving them into the previous 3 codes 99 31 8C 76 B7 OD 99 86 A9 3F This technique does not yield a full 33 improvement due to word bounda ries a loss of 0 to 6 bits per word and due to the hardware not counting across 256 byte boundaries an average loss of 3 bytes per 256 bytes Hardware Description When the low byte of the data shows up at the phoneme counter a Ready sig nal triggers the 500 ns one shot U18a The leading edge of the one shotissues a Strobe handshake and triggers the 50 ms Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 SR EDS ET ON TRE SI EE IEE TIS Figure 6 DEMO1 BAS 10 DEMO1 20 THIS PROGRAM DEMONSTRATES THE USE OF SINGLE PHONEME CODE 30 FROM BASIC 40 A 0 50 B amp HFATA me 60 SPEEK amp HFA4O auto reset one shot The trailing edge 70 FOR I 0 TO 63 increments the load pointer U8a so the o oe ee system is ready for the high data byte 100 NEXT I Before the 50 ms one shot can time iB eee A A A must be stable and a second ready signal 140 MY must be received otherwis
48. 7 62 63 254 10 29 10 37 8 63 U5a h willb 3 count 140 DATA 15 61 63 254 7 136 0 118 0 0 5a h will be set to 3 counting sequence 150 DATA 13 154 63 254 9 197 2 224 is Grey code 0 1 3 2 indicating that the fourth phoneme is to come from the ac cumulator not from the EPROM Figure 8 Phoneme Table The phoneme counter is disabled by Phoneme Phoneme Duration Example Phoneme Phoneme Duration Example the SWAP signal When ACK is returned Symbol Hex Code MS Word Symbol Hex Code MS Word during the third byte U15a will be set A 20 185 day K 19 80 trick scab A At 06 103 made L 18 103 land disabling the EPROM output and ena i 05 j aae k i 103 aoe bling the accumulator dump gate U14 AE 2E 185 dad N oD 80 sun In the single phoneme mode U4 re a a after A h a thing 5 mop 5 cold forces the system to stop after each pho AH 15 146 father 01 35 121 beard neme and wait for another phoneme and AH2 08 71 honest 02 34 80 for AW 3D 250 call 00 17 185 book handshake from the port In this mode AWI 13 126 lastil 503 16 103 pee each word or phrase must be followed by AW2 30 90 salty P 25 103 past an explicit Stop code phoneme 3FH or AY 21 65 day PAO 03 NT no sound heSC 01 will ti t tth B OE 71 bag PA1 3E 185 no sound the 01 will continue to repeat the pre CH 10 1 chip R 2B 90 red vious phoneme D 1E 55 paid S 1F 90 pass DT 04 47 butter SH 11 121 shop 7 E 2c 185 meet STOP 3F 47 no sound Package Available E1 3c 121 be T 2A 71 tap You can get a co
49. 80 and the 8086 MS DOS versions 25 each and must say that I was impressed The packaging was non existent but the software is first rate Each version comes on two unlabelled disks one contains the COM files and the other is a complete metacompiler with source code to create the COM files The systems are FORTH 83 stand ard and include an assembler simple multitasking editors a nice decompiler and much more You get no documenta tion and no support but if you don t mind a few false starts the price can t be beat The Laxon Perry model has a good chance of being adopted by FIG as their long awaited next standard system Z8000 FORTH Volume 150 of the SIG M CP M User s Group Box 97 Iselin NJ 08830 is Lou Odette s Z8000 FORTH originally pub lished in Dr Dobb s Journal Sept 82 p 7415 Leahy Road New Carrollton MD 20784 301 552 1295 p1 p2 fen HL A call CP M OP get fen into C NOTE doesn t work on FIG systems first param to HL second param to DE execute the fen put one returned arg on stk move other to 16 bit register clear top half and put it on stack 48 A few bugs have been fixed minor changes were made to use a different as sembler and polled terminal I O using the Z80 SIO were added If you are in need of a Z8000 FORTH read the origi nal article first to see if Odette s non standard FORTH will serve your pur pose If so the 14 cost of the disk is a lo
50. 90 200 210 220 NEXT J Y 6 7 r 6 12 2 Y 6 21 Y 6 ho lt 73Y 6 42 3 6 51 7 FOR I 0 TO 6 J I 2 I NEXT I PRINT RECEIVE MODE I 0 J 0 IF INP 28 lt 70 THEN N N 1 IF N lt 2 B THEN 130 N 0 IF INP 28 lt 70 THEN GOSUB 290 PRINT GOTO 130 N N 1 IF INP 28 gt 70 THEN 150 IF N gt B THEN J J J 1I B 9 B 2 N 6 12 ELSE B 3 B 2 N 2 4 N 0 I I 1 IF I gt 6 THEN GOSUB 290 PRINT GOTO 210 IF INP 28 lt 70 THEN N N 1 IF 2 N lt B THEN 180 ELSE 200 IF INP 28 gt 70 THEN N 0 GOTO 130 GOSUB 290 PRINT Y I J N N 1 X INKEY IF X THEN IF TR 1 THEN 120 ELSE 210 I ASC X 43 IF I 33 THEN TR 1 PRINT RECEIVE MODE GOTO 120 230 IF I 32 THEN TR O PRINT XMIT MODE S 4 GOTO 210 240 IF I 31 THEN S S 2 SI 400 S 5 PRINT SPEED S 4 250 IF I 35 AND S gt 8 THEN S S 2 SI 400 S 5 PRINT SPEED S 4 260 IF I lt i OR ID47 THEN PRINT FOR J 14 TO 7 SI NEXT GOTO 210 ELSE PRINT X 270 FOR J 1 TO 6 IF X I J THEN FOR K 2 TO SI X I J OUT 8 128 NEXT OUT 8 0 FOR K 2 TO SI NEXT 280 NEXT FOR J 6 TOK 3 SI NEXT GOTO 210 290 IF POS 3 80 THEN PRINT CHR 13 300 RETURN 310 DATA 353515153535 1934 153915041539 1939 19343919 19391909373 939393 04 153539393905 151434353909 15 151934390914 19 191939091415 14 1y91 0 3y151 1415053535 1915 150434343515 140434393939 190 39 3e39 ly ly lp dy ly dal y3n ly ly 351 1 1 0 3 1 1 1 3 0 320 DATA 141 153411351515353514140 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 0
51. 90038 Figure 2 Graphics Routines in C graph simple graphics algorithms include qstdio h define YES 1 define NO 0 define CLEAR 26 ctl z to clear screen define ESC 27 escape char for cursor addressing define PLTCHAR char used for plotting define DEPTH 24 height of display define WIDTH 80 width of display int row col sp stk 100 int negx negy swap main char c int x0 y0 x1 y1 int dx dy r clear to home and wait for command putchar CLEAR row colssp 0 while 1 look at keyboard and decode keystroke switch c bdos 6 0xFF case 0t continue case bt bullseye break case cts while sp 0 xO0 pop no key hit draw concentric circles draw circle load coordinates yO pop x1 pop y1 pop get radius by simple approximation dx abs x1 x0 dyzabs y1 y0 r dx dy 2 Sn break case its if row gt 0 row cursor up break case jt left if col gt 0 col break case k right if col lt WIDTH 1 col break case l draw line while sp 0 x0 pop load coordinates yO pop x1 pop yl pop line x0 y0 x1 y1 break case m cursor down if row lt DEPTH 1 row break 30 Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 case s draw star star break case q exit ease
52. AF REGISTER PAIR RET INTERRUPT SERVICE ROUTINE FOR SPEECH SYNTHESIZER INT PUSH AF SAVE THE AF REGISTER PAIR LD A OFFH NON ZERO IN A REGISTER LD INTPND A CLEAR THE MEMORY INTERRUPT FLAG POP AF RESTORE AF EI sENABLE INTERRUPTS RETI RETURN FROM INTERRUPT INTPND EQU 0F ANOH SPK MEMORY INTERRUPT FLAG LOCATION PITCH EQU INTPND 1 MEMORY LOCATION FOR SC 01 PITCH CONTROL DATA EQU PITCH 1 ADDRESS FOR PHONEME CQDE DATA1 DEFB 2BH 02 00 1EH 29H 3FH 40H PHONEME DATA READY END END 100H BIG VOICE FOR THE BIG BOARD I continued The program DEMO1 BAS demon strates the use of BSPEAK to handle phoneme speech from BASIC This pro gram uses the BASIC CALL statement found in Microsoft BASIC Revision 5 xx and above The program may be modi fied to use the USR statement in earlier versions of BASIC See Figure 6 DEMO2 BAS demonstrates the use of the module in Word Mode The interrupt service from SPEAK must be loaded into memory prior to using DEMO2 see Fig ure 7 The figure 8 table lists the phonemes in alphabetical order their code dura tion and an example word The list in Figure 8 was extracted from the Votrax data manual Hardware In order to fit 1400 English words into 8K bytes of EPROM I used data com pression to store 4 six bit phoneme codes in only 3 bytes of the EPROM This increases the storage capacity by about 30 over the technique of storing 6 bits per byte This is done by storing the
53. BC SBC SBC SBC SBC SBC SBC TI ALL PRODUCTS BACKED BY OUR 90 DAY GUARANTEE 9 8 CST 132 Plano Walnut Center Garland Texas 75040 5 DRIVE SUB SYSTEM Includes 2 51 4 Half High Panasonic Drives Power Supply amp Case Vert or Horiz 459 NEW 5 4 HALF HIGH DRIVES Panasonic Drives SA 455 Compatible 40 Track 48TPI 199 NEW DISK DRIVE CABINETS 5 Dual High Case with Power Supply Vert or Horiz 72 00 8 Dual Full High Case with Power Supply Horiz 325 00 5 Dual Full High Case 7 HX7 WX10 D 15 00 ROBINSON NUGENT IC SOCKETS Low Profile Solder Tail Sockets All Sizes 10 Each 70 1000 25 00 Minimun Order 64 Dram 200ns 5 25 Store Hours 9 6 M F 9 1 Sat Master Card Visa American Express add 3 service charge Allow 10 days for checks 1 4 00 Minimum UPS charge 1 65 for COD Dallas MTA Area 6 All other Texas Residents 5 Sales Tax Are you signing your name with an X because spelling doesn t come easily Then you need SpellSys With this full feature package you can write prose with the pros SpellSys fea tures a 42 000 word dictionary and all the bells and whistles of those expensive checkers including rhyming crossword search letter unscrambling etc SpellSys is made up of a group of indiv idual programs which you can use toge ther or separately With SpellSys you can setup and maintain your own custom dictio
54. BMPC board modems also available Lamp is based on YAM from BBUD 9 NEW PRODUCTS FOR BB AND KAYPRO All those who have lusted after several add ons for the Big Board I but been discouraged by the shortage of parallel ports take notice Now you can run all the add ons at once with the Parallel Port Expander 189 assembled 59 board instructions eight I O ports compatible with Big Board I amp II and Kaypro II amp IV operate 2 parallel printers rom burner hard disk and Dynadisk and if you are a real hog parallel four expanders for 32 ports bios with three printer drivers 1 serial selected by IOBYTE installation instructions for all mentioned devices included adapt Big Board add ons to the Kaypro THE ULTIMATE 255 CONTINUOUS CHARACTER AND REVERSE VIDEO CURSOR BIG BOARD I AND KAYPRO III IV MOD Now you can have a significant increase in the writ ing power of your system with the ability to key in display edit and print 212 characters including continuous line graphics Other features are blinking or constant reverse video cursor character sets to match NEC 8023 and C Itoh Prowriter key labels reverse video fields install program for Perfect Writer a growing library of software and improvements in the monitor rom The mod comes assembled and tested and requires about 45 minutes to install Software included to define custom characters and down load them to printers Coming features include graphics software circui
55. Composite video or split video and sync Character set is supplied on a 2716 style ROM making customized fonts easy Sync pulses can be any desired length or polarity Video may be inverted or true 5 x 7 Matrix Upper amp Lower Case FLOPPY DISC CONTROLLER Uses WD1771 controller chip with a TTL Data Separator for enhanced reliability IBM 3740 compatible Supports up to four 8 inch disc drives Directly compatible with standard Shugart drives such as the SA800 or SA801 Drives can be configured for remote AC off on Runs CP M 2 2 TWO PORT PARALLEL I O OPTIONAL Uses Z 80 PIO Full 16 bits fully buffered bi directional Uses selectable hand shake polarity Set of all parts and connectors for parallel 1 0 19 95 REAL TIME CLOCK OPTIONAL Uses Z 80 CTC Can be configured as a Counter on Real Time Clock Set of all parts 9 95 CP M 2 2 FOR BIG BOARD The popular CP M D O S to run on Big Board is available for 139 00 DOUBLE DENSITY ADAPTER BOARD 149 95 A amp T Requires no cuts or MODS to an existing Big Board Gives up to 670K storage on a single sided 8 in diskette With software to patch your CP M 2 2 PFM 3 3 2K SYSTEM MONITOR The real power of the Big Board lies in its PFM 3 3 on board monitor PFM commands include Dump Memory Boot CP M Copy Examine Fill Memory Test Memory Go To Read and Write I O Ports Disc Read Drive Track Sector and Search PFM occupies one of the four 2716 EPROM locations
56. E TYPE PRINT WHEELS AND RIBBONS e Power Supply e RS232 C OR CENTRONICS PARALLEL 5V 4A OVP 24V 2 5A 12V 2A e BI DIRECTIONAL PLATEN AND HEAD 7 By Ai voltages are current protected IN STOCK itch e Fan e PROPORTIONAL MICRO ADJUSTMENT e Reset Switc e GRAPHIC PRINTING Key lock Power e Solid State AC Relay e BOLD PRINTING e Bell Circuit and Piezo Speaker e 2K BUFFER e 2 AC Outlets One Switched CABLES AVAILABLE e INSTALLS LIKE DIABLD 620 630 e Color Beige and Chocolate with all ports disk DC and timed AC for 150 00 e 6 Hx 12 Wx 16 D 24 W for 2 Drive Unit La Caja can be supplied fully wired for the Big Board PARALLEL i BQO s 520 snene California residents add 6 tax on all items phone evenings California time AstroTronics fae l pa 1137 TOPAZ ST ROSYSTE 714 734 6006 CORONA CA 91720 MICROSYSTEMS r MRMM 4 Micro C works because it is a central information exchange for What information would you like to see in Micro C _ the doers in this crazy industry So we encourage you to share your trials and tribulations That way we can invent new wheels rather than redoing the old ones over and over What kind of exciting adventure misadventure are you working on Quanti esepton eee Fo SUBSCRIPTION 1 year 6 issues O 16 Bulk 0 20 D 26 ONew O Renewal O 20 1st Class Air Mail Air Mail ues DISKS 8 SSSD CP M Oo
57. Floppies Read and write almost any 8 and or 5 disk format 20 formats included KayPro Osborne IBM Use any type of 5 and or 8 drive SS DS 40 tracks 77 tracks 80 tracks Boot from any format of disk Winchester Winchester formatter with check for bad sectors automatically assigns alternate track s for track s with bad sectors Winchester sysgen can make the winchester drive A Also includes codes for New BB II monitor with all known bugs fixed Note You must already be running the Bakker s 8 and 5 interface available from Micro C before installing the integrated BIOS Price 129 95 SASI Interface for BB I and Xerox 820 I Includes Card BIOS Formatter and Sysgen Price 99 95 ANDY BAKKERS De Gervelink 12 7591 DT Denekamp The Netherlands A Very Calculating BB II By Per Wallander In order to increase the mathematical throughput of my BB II I have added an arithmetic processing unit APU Is it necessary to increase the speed of the BB II Yes if you want to calculate antenna radiation patterns with millions of trigo nometric operations in any kind of rea sonable time Speedup I have tested a simple loop of sine cal culations first on the ABC 80 a Swedish microcomputer with a Z 80 running 4 MHz with an 8K BASIC Every turn in the loop takes 40 ms On the BBII with MBASIC every loop takes 15 ms With Pascal MT every loop takes
58. For CP M 2 2 8 single density disk Z80 systems ALL ORDERS Please add 5 00 for postage and handling All orders shipped first class Satisfaction guaranteed Please no COD s PO s or plastic money f QUANTITY PURCHASES Buy five of one item at one time and get one free Buy ten get two free etc Send check or money order to 6708 Melrose Los Angeles L A Software 2135326817 CA residents add sales tax CP M is a trademark of Digital Research Prices and specifications subject to change without notice 4i B C ING CLEARLY continued Drawing Lines Drawing a line begins with a call to draw This function takes the xy coor dinates given and tweaks them into an ideal set of coordinates for vector which then draws the line plot un tweaks the ideal coordinates and plots the line dot by dot Line makes an ideal line out of the coordinates given by turning if neces sary the distances a and b into positive numbers and remembering which ones got turned by setting negx and negy true If a is smaller than b they are swapped and note of this is made in swap These normalized distances are then given to vector Vector plots a line starting at zero and ending at a The variable s accumu lates error as we increment x bis added to it until it becomes positive which is a signal that y needs to be bumped and s needs to be corrected The overall effect is that we plot points that come close to
59. If you have a 2 5 MHz ver sion change the S 4 s to S in lines 230 240 and 250 Speak English please To calibrate the cheap and dirty inter face tune in a clear CW signal then ad just R3 until you see the dit dah dits converted to English on the screen Sometimes Amateur Radio operators use so many abbreviations it s hard to recognize that the message is English 445 Los Robles 307 Pasadena CA 91101 Have fun with the cheap and dirty I have been using it for over a year now without any problems It performs like an expensive and complicated interface ee E Figure 1 Morse Code Interface Circuit XMIT KEY Audio IN Parts List KAYPRO IL PRINTER PORT TA C1 1uF 25V Tantalum D1 1N34 C2 047uF Mylar D2 1N34 30 C3 05uF 50V Ceramic Disc U1 4N33 C4 10uF 16V Electrolytic U2 LM567 c5 c6 R1 R2 R3 Figure 2 Morse Code Program eluF 50V Ceramic Disc eluF 50V Ceramic Disc 100 ohm 1 4 watt 4 7k ohm 1 4 watt 10k ohm mini pot MBASIC Program 10 8888 RECETVE AND XMIT MORSE CODE 808 20 30 40 50 CLEAR 100 DEFINT A Z DIM Y 6 63 PRINT CHR 26 B 7 TR 1 60 DIM X 47 6 S 9 SI 400 S 5 FOR I 1 TO 47 FOR J 1 TO 6 READ X I J NEXT J I 70 Y ETINAMSDRGUKWOHBLZFCP VX Q YJ 5697 8 9s 3 210 80 N 0 FOR I 1 TO 5 FOR J 0 TO 2 I 1 N N 1 Y I J MID Y N 1 NEXT J NEXT I 90 Y 5 13 KN FOR J 1 TO 63 Y 6 d 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 1
60. ORTH IFORTH this is Idaho FORTH which can be burned into ROM or loaded from disk It replaces the PFM monitor amp handles all the monitor functions See issue 11 FORTH column for more info about IFORTH and this disk USERS DISK 19 BB I Double Density New BBI Monitor BIOS character ROM Winches ter Interface ZCPR and formatter from Trevor Marshall See BB I expansion article in Issue 11 USERS DISK 20 Assemblers CROWEASM This is the Crowe assembler modi fied so that it runs on any CP M system including the BB I BB II Xerox Includes COM Z80 and DOC files LASM This assembler is similar to the ASM that comes with CP M except that it can link files at assembly time RS Print routine for CROWEASM PRN iles LIBRARY Utilities which let you combine many files into one then you can run type or extrace any file within the larger system USERS DISK 21 Winchester Utilities BACKUP Helps you back up the winchester onto multiple floppies Creates a catalog of the files on each disk and includes the date of the latest backup Will not back up an unchanged file more than once Plus many more super features FLOPCOPY Lets you make floppy copies with only one floppy drive by using the winchester as a buffer BIGBURST Backs up a very large winchester file onto multiple floppies Joins the copies to recreate the original file MULTCOPY Use this like PIP but it prompts you to change disks Accepts ambig
61. Plu Perfect is great if you use Perfect writer and want to custom configure the keypad I would put ZCPR on all but my Plu Per fect disks Once you are finished with all this you can add the Co Power board if you wish or the Delphi winchester system we re using it with the PRO 8 now and it s great Of the stuff coming up I m really interest ed in the MicroSphere 64K add on which gives you a128K Kaypro The additional 64K will act as a track buffer which makes disk accesses really scream They are doing Logo for their color graphics board which has my two grade schoolers very excited Dear Editor I have a few questions about the Kay pro end of Micro C Regarding user disks do you know if the Epson MX 80 is enough like the Gemini 10X that I would have any use for disk K5 MX 80 Graphics Software Also I know that ZCPR is usually available as an ASM file so that some options can be modified Will you be making it available on Kaypro format Incidentally as to why more people don t use SBASIC in my case the an swer is that like many compiled high level languages it doesn t generate very compact programs For example the little program in the Kaypro User s Guide to turn off the key board beeper compiles to a little less than 2K 780H A routine in assembly language to do the same thing occupies only four bytes MVI A 8 OUT 5 This is because SBA SIC puts portions of its library files into
62. ROTECTE D floppy disk includes manual OW fop Kaypro 445 Scr oll 255 Characters wide 200 700 lines vertical e Collegedale TN 37315 615 238 2080 CPU Z80 4MHz RAM 128K Byte CRT CONTROLLER On board 80 columns x 24 rows cycle steal access non blinking and fast separate or composite SERIAL PORT Two RS232C 110 Baud to 19200 Baud programmable PARALLELL PORT One Centronics standard 16 bit user s option CALENDAR Battery back up es KEYBOARD 7 bit or 8 bit ASCII negative strobe POWER 5V 1 5A 12V 0 1A PCB SIZE 10 x 5 5 a FLOPPY DISK CONTROLLER Auto J density check 8 DDDS 8 SDSS 5 KayPro format 8 compatible 5 drive 1 2 S MB double track quad density FLOPPY DISK DRIVE KEYBOARD CRT POWER SUPPLY ARE NOT INCLUDED or more information write or call SOUTHERN PACIFIC LIMITED 1 3 18 Tsurumi chuo Tsurumi Yokohama Japan 230 Phone 405 501 8842 Telex 3822320 SPACIF J Exclusive United States Distributor ARTISOFT INC 2450 East Speedway 4 Tucson AZ 85719 Phone 602 327 4305 Orders 800 821 6010 41 Micro Cornucopia Kaypro Disk K2 Utilities KayPro Disk K1 Modem software This disk is absolutely priceless if you will be using a modem to communicate with bulletin boards other micros or mainframes MODEMPAT COM Menu selection of baud rate bits character stop bits amp parity for serial port MODEM7 COM Very popular MODEM 7 con
63. S Microsoft Prices and specifications subject to change without notice 2500 E Randol Mill Rd 125 Arlington Texas 76011 817 469 1181 We used to be Software Publishers Inc ne MICROCOMPUTER PRODUCTS BB I Dual Density New Version Jan Korrubel In the October issue of Micro C my attention was drawn to the advertise ment of SWP microcomputer products offering their new version of the Big Board Dual Density The price 150 was the same as for the previous version which already had had a good write up in Micro C of June 1982 I ordered the hardware and software early in December 1983 and to my sur prise the parcel was delivered in the sec ond week of January Previous orders I had placed in the U S A at different firms usually took much longer for de livery Damage The big disappointment was that the parcel was extensively damaged sort of folded double and pins of the enclosed daughter board had pierced the 8 inch disk containing the necessary software In trying to straighten the folded pins two pins broke off The excellent 27 page instruction man ual accompanying the daughter board gave me the idea that it was possible to stack the board with a 40 pin socket in order to raise it high enough above the Big Board to clear the crystal and con densors I now used this marvelous idea to sol der bridges between the broken pins and the corresponding pins of the stacked
64. SECTAB 0000H DPH FOR UNIT 0 RS XEROX says plug it DEFW 0000H 0000H S2 four pins here for S1 S2 S3 the center A Gree being common S2 standard side select DEF SECTAB 0000H DPH FOR UNIT 1 TT XEROX cayo plus it DEFW DIRBUF DPBLK TS true separation DEFW CHK1 ALL1 FM 851 only ENDIF END OF 8 INCH SECTION AF 850 only i MFM 851 only 34 Micro Cornucopia N umber 17 April 1984 inward with a tiny screwdriver sliding the metal connectors out of the shell and then bending the ears back to their prop er positions Install the metal connectors into the new shells and plug the cables into the drive Cable number two is the signal cable the big one that plugs into the Display Processor from the disk drive cabinet Start by removing the large metal AMP shell from the DB 37 connector Then with your needie nose pliers push any two of the pins I used 27 amp 28 on the bottom row of the DB 37 they are all ground lines and put them in holes 7 and 8 These pins are fragile be careful and they push out hard but push in and lock very easy Now using the continuity tester on pin 7 find the small metal con nector at the other end the large edge card connector and using a tiny screw driver to release the lug pull it out and move it to the other side to position H If you look closely you ll see that one side of the connector is numbered and the other side is lettered Now do the same thing for p
65. T To get around this problem compile the program under Turbo with the other program loaded For example if you want to debug an application program with DDT use the steps A gt DDT TURBO COM load ddt then turbo G 3ddt prompt execute Turbo At this point the Turbo compiler can be run normally Select the Com option to generate a COM file of your program To debug the program enter A gt DDT PROGRAM COM You can then use all the DDT com mands to examine the code set break points trace etc Since the compiler was executed with DDT resident all varia bles were allocated in available memory drives plate Board x 20x 12x 10 25 inches in size BIG BOARD I DUAL DRIVE ENCLOSURE Because of the unprecedented popularity of the original Big Board we felt there would be a good market for an attractive yet low cost custom enclosure We have had designed THE perfect enclosure for your Big Board and two eight inch FEATURES NEw Custom Designed for the original Big Board Ow x Heavy Duty all aluminum construction f Mounts Two SA800 801R or equiv drives Vertically x Has extra space for Switching or Linear Power Supplies x Attractive painted cream finish with natural aluminum pre punched back x Pre punched cut outs for cooling fan 3 DB25 conn video conn keyboard conn on off switch AC power filter plug fuse reset switch and cooling slots Built in stand offs for mounting Big Board x Can als
66. TALL gt SFHM EPROM INST I 9 9 wy TYPE JUMPERS i ass WARNING ae ee a t TAS25 6 A G E POSITION PiN 1 LS30 O OF EPROM WITH E i zs asl TMS2532 ACF PIN 3 OF SOCKET F o TMS2564 8 DF u3 TMS 2516 TMS 2532 OR TMS 2564 teed Ze RSG EPROM 1 b7 022 PC ee 06 0 18 EEE RTR D5 O 16 RS 8 i I m SWAP 10 D2 9 i F A i eee i s Dgo Ban S32 ee eae o gt S ane gt S t t5 5 412 ala ul 4530 8 Q gt STOP STB gt a START 8 x Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 Figure 11 Big Voice Timing Section 5 RIG 10 K A Ftio 10 Ja 5 Uulgb RIF 7407 Ka 5 o STROBE i 2 is 5 SWAP D Uls2 ao EPSEL 4 7K 200 pF 110 o gt ales STE STB cK RDY LSXX INDICATES 74LSXX TTL DEVICE RESISTORS ARE Vaw 5 CAPACITORS ARE 20 UNLESS NOTED O NDICATES CONNECTION TO JIR PI M INDICATES CONNECTION TO PONER A SPEAKER CABLES Parts List Integrated Circuits Capacitors U1 U4 T4LS30 C1 C10 200 PF 5 Silver Mica U2 U3 TMS2516 or TMS2532 or TMS 2564 C2 C3 C4 C5 C7 0 1 UF 50V Ceramic disc U5 TALS273 C6 220 UF 20V 20 Tantalum U6 U7 74LS191 c8 deleted from circuit U8 U15 T4LST74 c9 100 UF 20V 20 Tantalum U9 U16 T4LSOO C11 Ci2 10 UF 16V 10 Electrolytic u10 TALS132 u11 LM386 Diodes u12 Votrax SC 01 Speech Synthesizer chip u13 _ THOT D1 D2 1N914 or equivalent U14 T4LS365 or 74LS367 U17 T4LSO4 Sockets u18 TALS123 f
67. TES This supply is designed to power entire computer systems with e Z80 Z80A OR Z80B Series Parts Winchester and floppy disk subsystems as well as providing e Dual RS232 Serial O W Current Loop Option on A emergency battery backup capability Designed to meet the needs Channel both strappable as terminal or modem in of single board Winchester systems RS232 Mode 24V 4 5 AH battery pack BP 1 00 16 Programmable Baud Rates on each serial l 5 channel PEAL ee ee 32 Bits Buffered Parallel VO Assignable on 4 Bit High Efficien oy 75 TYP Boundaries W Strappable Handshake Polarity A AT aaa cy inaudible a aas o Counter Timer 4 Inputs 3 Outputs Soft Start g Freq y e Accommodates 16K Mix of Ram or Rom or EEPROM on 2K Built In Quick Response O V P Seripa in 2716 or 2016 or XICOR EEPROM z x ke bial e 2 3 x 10 Sea of Holes Prototyping Area Cycle By Cycle Fold Back Current Limiting All VO Fully Mode II Interrupt Compatible Drop Out Immunity for up to 250 Ms without battery Uninterruptable with addition of BP 1 battery pack e Watchdog Timer for Long Term Unattended Operation 5 Output Voltages Rom monitor and sourcelisting 835 FERGUSON ENGINEERING F TERMS MasterCard VISA add 3 money order certified ae eee ee eee ee check UPS cash COD Allow 2 weeks 817 640 0207 for personal or company checks to P O BOX 300085 ARLINGTON TEXAS 76010 Rg clear Shipping handling extra Texas
68. The incredible addressing capabilities of the 86 sets it apart from the 8 bit micro processors The 86 has a 20 bit address bus which gives it a 1 megabyte address ing capability Rather than having to use two 16 bit registers to hold a single ad dress and the resulting code bulk ad dresses are described by a 16 bit number Sixteen bits can address 64K bytes of memory which is called a memory seg ment The location of a 64K segment in the 1 megabyte memory range is described by a segment register In this way a pro gram can be run any where in memory without changing a single address All you have to do is change the segment register This addressing scheme allows a pro gram to load and execute another pro gram in another memory segment At first glance this seems like concurrence but since there are no provisions for de taching from a program to run another program it is nota true concurrent oper ation Still it allows programs like DDT 86 to test a program without relocating DDT 86 loads into one memory segment and loads the program under test into anoth er By controlling the segment registers DDT 86 can run the test program or re turn to its own routines In 86 programs the data code and stack usually lie in different memory segments There is a segment register for each and each may be up to 64K There is also a segment called an extra seg ment if extra data space is needed These four segment regist
69. Total Advanced Systems C Master ch O visa Expiration Date C ing Clearly continued dotted lines printouts Can GRAPH be Graphics Routines continued adapted to Microsphere s color graphics board How about altering circle so it generates conics Have fun Let us know what you ve done and how you did it If GRAPH piques your interest you might try looking at Principles of Interac tive Computer Graphics by Newman and Sproull McGraw Hill This is an excel lent book since it ranges from simple line drawing stuff like GRAPH to three di mensional color modeling of shaded sur faces The algorithms in line and circle _ were lifted from an article in Computer Graphics and Image Processing 5 pp 280 288 1976 The spiffy approximation for the radi us of a circle was lifted from Dave Corte si s Doctor Dobb s Clinic column in DDJ issue 55 May 1981 One of these days I m gonna do a graphics terminal that will support these functions I did a prototype using an 8748 as the controller but it was too slow and small to do the job right Next pass maybe an 8 Mhz 68000 with lotsa memo ry and a really high resolution display Now let s see where did I put that mouse ENE now undo all the normalizing done to the coordinates if swap t x x y y t if negy y 1 if negx x 1 moveto y ys x xs putchar PLTCHAR moveto move cursor moveto row col int row col
70. Which set to compare to is accomplished by the case statement and the picture_char The comparison is assumed to yield a false and then if the comparison works it is changed to true We have given our _ selves only four choices here but this list can be expanded to whatever extent is convenient A boolean picture_char would probably be very useful Get some character Now let s look at the routine getkey which is the workhorse for our input tool This routine was inspired by the book Advanced Pascal Programming Tech niques by Paul A Sand and published by Osborne McGraw Hill This excellent Column continued on page 25 Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 Figure 1 SBASIC Tools lines var numbers boolean_set string 12 var control_set small_letters cap_letters var letters string 53 var format_set string 5 var ch control char string 27 control_set chr 13 chr 05 chr 24 chr 25 chr 08 chr 04 numbers 0123456789 cap_letters ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ small_letters abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz letters small_letters cap_letters 3 lt gt amp boolean_set YyNnTtFr format_set QABXI procedure cursor command string case command of terase print beep print left print down print up print right print cleareos print cleareol print end chr 26 ehr 7 ehr 8 chr 10 chr 11 chr 12 chr 23
71. acters 4 Complete printed instructions for simple plug in installation takes 5 minutes Pro Monitor 8 package for Kaypro 4 This ROM package does everything the Pro Monitor II and 4 do it will run at 5 MHz ignores nulls has the fast disk accesses In fact even if you will be using your original 191K or 390K drives for now you can use this ROM package The Pro Monitor 8 features include MS You get 784K per disk with quad density 96 tpi double sided Tandon 100 4 or equivalent tives 2 You can use any combination of Tandon 100 1 Kaypro II 100 2 Kaypro 4 or 100 4 drives as drives A and B 3 You can boot from any disk with normal system tracks Kaypro II Kaypro 4 or Kaypro 8 The disk needs no modification 4 You can choose any character including space as a cursor and you can choose to make the character blink or not blink Plus you can change the cursor at will 5 You get a disk which contains a new copy routine for copying and formatting 784K disks and a drive diagnostic routine for checking out the quad density drives 6 You get complete printed insturctions for installation of ROM and drives takes 10 to 15 minutes including drives 7 The installation requires no cuts or jumpers everything simply plugs into a Kaypro 4 If you have a Kaypro II see the modification article in Micro C issue 15 to turn your II into a 4 Pro Character ROM for Kaypro I and 4 The character ROM gives you a nicer lo
72. alf wides of any persuasion and not have anything hanging out Kaypro II Version A During the Spring of 83 Kaypro spent several months trying to clean up a disk error problem During this period they went through three new versions of their monitor ROM The monitor ROMs U47 were marked on the paper stuck on the ROM with an A B or C suffix Kay pro shipped a few A versions and al most none of the B versions I under stand they had a bad bug before they went to the C versions which they are still shipping I hadn t been able to find anyone who could tell me what they changed from version to version but now thanks toa letter from Terry Kingrey I have a pretty good clue Terry tried installing one of our PRO monitor ROMs on his system but it didn t work he hadn t told us that he had one of the A ROMs So he tried substituting parts on his Kaypro to see if he had a defective chip we would have told him not to bother He didn t havea 1797 floppy disk controller to swap with the one on his board so he substituted a 1793 from a friend s Kaypro After he substituted in the 1793 he found that his system worked just fine with our PRO monitor ROM That news sent Dana and I to the Western Digital book to see what the dif ferences were between the 1793 and the 1797 The 1797 does side select and the 1793 doesn t but Kaypro isn t using that line However the 1797 r
73. ali pa H OON 5 Ne nm uJ i April 1984 TABLE OF CONTENTS Big Voice For The BB I The Xerox 820 II and the Dynadisk Pascal Procedures Kaypro Column SBASIC Column CP M 86 A Close Look FORTHwords C ing Clearly Xerox 820 and Up BBI Dual Density New Version From SWP A Very Calculating BB II Morse Code Interface For The Kaypro On Your Own Technical Tips M68K Single Board Computer ALL SALES MADE SUBJECT TO THE TERMS OF OUR 90 DAY LIMITED WARRANTY FREE COPY ON REQUEST THE ORIGINAL BIG BOARD OEM INDUSTRIAL BUSINESS SCIENTIFIC SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER KIT Z 80 CPU 64K RAM DO NOT CONFUSE WITH ANY OF OUR FLATTERING IMITATORS eae a ANAE RIN CESE ORA i3 s KREA RE ASST Sheena PARTIALLY ASSEMBLED KITS For All Sockets Installed And Soldered Add 50 Not For Blank PCB WANT MORE INFO Full Documentation and Schematics 5 Be ars er SESS etre THE BIG BOARD PROJECT With thousands sold worldwide and over two years of field experience the Big Board may just be one of the most reliable single board computers available today This is the same design that was licensed by Xerox Corp as the basis for their 820 computer The Big Board gives you the right mix of most needed computing features all on one board The Big Board was designed from scratch to run the latest version of CP M Just imagine all the off the shelf Sonware that can be run on the Big Board without any modifications needed
74. already had a Big Board up and running with lots of nice soft ware and didn t want to buy another complete system What I had in mind was a slave co processor with its own memory that could run independently of the Big Board The M68K single board computer from EMS Educational Microcomputer Systems fit the bill nicely It cost me about 600 to build I think it can be done for 500 at today s chip prices and has been running reliably since I brought it up Strengths The M68K computer can run at 10MHz with the MC68000 chip from EMS and 250ns RAM and EPROM chips since there is a 200ns wait state built in There is 20K of static RAM 10 6116 s and 16K of EPROM 2 2764 s on the board The machine also has two RS 232 serial chan nels and a 16 bit bidirectional parallel port for the built in I O There are also five 16 bit counter tim ers provided by the AM9513 System Timing Controller which is also the baud rate generator for the serial chan nels The timer chip is wired up to one of the _ vectored interrupts on the board there are 7 There are two separate memory expansion busses so you can add up to 384K of RAM and EPROM to the system I O expansion is provided through an MC6800 compatible 8 bit peripheral ex pansion bus with address space for 1024 ports The monitor is almost identical to the Motorola MACSBUG monitor It has built in execution and trace features usu ally found only in a debugger lik
75. as the logged in A drive The A floppy drive can be accessed an drive E One thing to remember is that when the power goes off all of the data which was on the Dynadisk goes into the bit bucket So save all your work before you shut off the power Is it worth it Yes the performance in crease is excellent Warm boots occur in the blink of an eye and assemblies and compiles are blindingly fast I want to thank Tony Ozrelic for de signing an excellent product and for be ing so helpful over the telephone CBIOS PATCH LISTING continued F833 g6 88 F835 7E F836 GE 68 F838 EB F839 3D F83A 28 B F83C 3E g4 F83E D3 OA F840 ED B3 F842 CD F859 F845 AF F846 c9 F847 3E C F849 D3 A F84B ED B2 F84D CD F859 F859 DB 68 F852 AF F853 c9 F854 21 F889 F857 AF F858 c9 F859 3E A F85B D3 A F85D c9 F85E OO1A F860 g3 F861 07 F862 og F863 OGF2 F865 O03F F867 c F868 gg F869 6910 F86B 8882 F86D PAA F86F G1 87 D F873 19 95 OB F877 17 3 69 F87B 15 2 88 F87F 14 1A 86 F883 12 18 g4 F887 18 16 F889 F86F F88B JOJO BOG F88F FOO F891 F899 F85E F895 F939 F919 F899 F919 F939 0275 Macros Symbols 8989 ACTL g12c BEGDYN OOGA DCSR F899 DIRBUF JFC DREAD B0B DTRACK F800 DYNA F847 READ gogg RW F368 SELTAB No Fatal error s 13 11 OF BE OA ve me se ry se Ne we elect rfshon dpblk ld b 128 sector length 1d a hl sx w 1 8 ld c ddata c data port ex de hl shl
76. away the Pc ground path the display took right off My ORBIS 76 Disk drive wanted to see 10ms step rate So I had to change loca tion FF6A from 00 to 02 When interfacing the centronics 700 printer to channel a PIO a oneshot had to be added on the Ready out Line It seems the 700 wanted to see the positive going trailing edge before it would send back the ACK or strobe Chris Gentile 3256 Roxborough Ave N Clearwater FL 33520 Dear Editor I noticed in issue 15 page 2 editor s note to Chris Paulson the installation of the IFORTH monitor user disk 18 was not in the recommendation Everyone I know who has used this monitor has considered it a big improvement over PFM so why was it not included in the list Ihave considered sending in some im provements to IFORTH but I have seen little feedback on it in recent issues of Mi cro C so I wonder if it is worth my time Raymond L Buvel Box 3071 Moscow ID 83843 208 885 8818 Editor s note Sorry Ray I guess we are as guilty of no feedback as anyone Yes there has been a lot of interest in IFORTH We have been recom mending it to many BB owners You should take a look at making it available on the 820 I think that would be very popular Especially since you are offering inexpensive ROM pro gramming for folks Since I don t program in FORTH I haven t put it on my system though it is a very nice extension to the PFM monitor Dear Editor Wow
77. board and four others for user defined I O E Two Z80 A CTCs Eight Prograinmable Counters Timers The new Ferguson computer has two Z80 A CTCs One is used to clock data into and out of the Z80 A S O O while the other is for systems and applications use E PROM Programming Circuitry The new Cal Tex SBC has circuitry for programming 2716s 2732 A s or pin combatible EEPROMs E CP M 2 2 CP M with Russell Smith s CBIOS for the new Cal Tex computer is available for 150 The CBIOS is available separately for 25 The unkit is a fully socketed wave soldered Big Board II It requires NO soldering All an unkit purchaser must do is carefully insert the prime ICs we supply in the proper sockets and systematically proceed to bring up and test the board CP M s a registered trademark of Digital Research Terms Orders paid for with a cashier s check or bank card will be shipped within three working days Orders paid for with a personal check will be shipped within three weeks 245 PC BOARD WITH 16 PARTS CAL TEX COMPUTERS INC 780 E TRIMBLE ROAD 504 SAN JOSE CA 95131 408 942 1424 Add 5 for packing amp shipping in North America Morse Code Interface For The Kaypro By James E Shaffer It doesn t take an expensive or com plicated interface to make the Kaypro II receive and transmit international morse code Plus a license isn t required to re ceive Amateur Radio Morse Code on
78. buffer EPROM 64k byte bank of RAM 8 4164s 200nsec S H within N A S H foreign orders interfaces through the 85 95 14 00 25 00 359 00 459 00 79 00 10 00 15 00 BIG BOARD XEROX 820 PORT EXPANDER Z80 CPU socket and 1 jumper to con nect the IEO IEI daisy chain adds 2 PIOs SIO CTC and a DMA controller FULL MODE 2 INTERRUPT OPERATION Works with 2 5MHz and 4MHz systems Define your own addresses for the memory buffer Complete screen error messages Software source included Menu driven Interfaces with most Z80 CP M systems options available later EPROM emulator Adapters for single chip processors all prices shown are in US funds CP M is a trademark of Digital Research Inc ed since CP M 86 cannot be sure the re quested memory is free Some of the CP M 86 programs on our Slicer user disks require an absolute load and the GENCMD parameters are described in the opening comments of the assembly language source Calling BDOS The call to memory location 5 is miss ing For this reason the operating system can be located anywhere in memory without providing both an address and an offset BDOS is called instead witha 244 type interrupt There are 256 interrupt vectors located at the base of memory in an 86 system The first 5 are reserved for processor op erations A software interrupt is generat ed by the instruction INT followed by the interrupt type The interrupt type is
79. but most of them I never heard from That human connection is very impor tant I remember when Arne Henden mentioned that in Micro C s FORTH col umn People need to see that someone else is having the same problems and working on the same solutions that they are so they don t feel alone Readers sign up for a publication so they can have contact with an editor who is using the same system or the same language Of course the editor needs contact too Though it was meager this feedback was the most important bonus I got for producing the newsletter I ll miss that Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 GET IN THE FAST LANE WITHOUT BURNING YOUR WALLET with a U S ROBOTICS 1200 BAUD MODEM Product Features Cash Price 1 4 5 mix List Auto Dial 212A 1200 300 baud auto answer dial 425 405 599 Password Coat pocketable Auto Dial 212A 339 319 449 Password 300 300 baud version of Password 159 147 199 Telpac Modem Software from USR 569 59 79 Lamp CPM 80 Modem Software from Widener Consulting 20 Latest Technology Two Year Warranty All units are direct connect full or half duplex 1200 300 baud software compatible with the Hayes Smartmodems The Auto Dial has two RJ11C jacks analog selftest status LED s and a metal case Password has a smaller plastic case no status LED S and a built in RS232 cable with choice of male or female connector Password 300 available soon S 100 and I
80. co CS3 1700 93 S S 132Car 160CPS 900 Otrona Attache 2000 2350 P 13 6 Carr 350 CPS 1975 2350 S 136Car 350CPS 2025 H XT Controller for IBM PC XT 295 es DRIVES a 5 MHz upgrade package 30 Tandon 848 1 8 SSDD 325 Plug in replacements for U66 and U86 to make your Tandon 848 2 8 DSDD 375 KayPro run 5 MHz Depending on your KayPro you Lae ree ay sae sak may also need Z80B and PRO monitor ROM Does 513 931 7 160 not include switch for 2 5 MHz won t run COPY tren core 59000 POLYGON INDUSTRIES INC PBB 620 Reynard 8600 Ponchartrain Blvd New Orleans LA 70124 Cincinnati Ohio 45231 504 282 5372 DOUBLE DENSITY HARDWARE AMP P OWE R SUPPLY SBC s 110 DAUGHTER BOARD FOR THE WD2795 DSDD CONTROLLER CONNECTORS Assembled tested and burned in 48 hours ee ge iei nice ORNE 5V 4A DVP 24 V 2 5A 12V 2A 29 KIT without ANY COMPUTER wD 2795 USING WD 1771 e All supplies have over current protection KIT OF 2 EACH e Bell circuit and Piezo speaker for BB 59 r 2795 ep WITH PINS e Low line warning circuit brown out KIT with che 5 e Input 105 120 VAC 50 60 Hz 1 0 A 79 DRAWINGS e 4 5 H 3 8 D 11 L 5 Ib ONLY 1 00 S amp H Plus 1 S amp H BIG BOARD oe The LA CAJA Enclosure w Power Supply 299 sa STANDARD FEATURES INCLUDE brother HR 15 LOW COST DAISY WHEEL PRINTER BIG BOARD compatiste CASSETT
81. cs Six for 6 00 postpaid Tony Ozrelic LA Software 6708 Melrose Los Angeles CA 90038 dBASE II Consulting Service Los Angeles area Give us a call we may be able to help you solve your dBASE II problems Call 213 375 6391 Ralph Freshour consultant Xerox 820 boards completely assembled and tested 150 includes shipping manual schematics ROM source code listing Call evenings 818 340 5410 or write Jiri Kratt 20311 Sherman Way 316 Canoga Park CA 91303 Big Board II System BBII 20meg Ro dime Winchester Xebec Controller Siemens 8 DSDD in Ferguson enclo sure with power supply 2475 o b o Keyboard with Amdek 300A 12 amber monitor 150 All used only one month Jay Tucker 501 227 9079 Just remember any time we are talk ing on the phone is time we aren t work ing on new Kaypro Xerox Slicer or Big Board projects Anything you can do for yourself will be a big help to us and to everyone who reads Micro C Text Co Processor Reports You folks calling us must wonder what the heck is going on at Micro C these days If you re wondering why there s a bit of confusion it s because of the rapid increase of employees yep 2 new ones since January me included Both of us are getting our feet wet at once the carpet is getting soggy in plac es and that s causing all the stam mering stuttering and groping for an swers that is part of learning a new language and system Please bear w
82. cumentation file and many come with source KayPro Disk K9 ZCPR ZCPR The big news on this disk is the self installing version ZCPR available only from Micro C Once you have ZCPR in your CP M you ll never go back to straight CP M For instance ZCPR searches drive A for any program not found on drive B so even an empty disk in drive B appears to contain every program on A It s great for text editors compilers etc Works on KayPro II and 4 PASWORD Lets you encrypt and decrypt your precious files Includes source EX14 a super replacement for SUBMIT Plus many more TREK FIX FIND SNOOPY ALIENS and DIF2 KayPro Disk K10 Assemblers We ve received a lot of requests for a Z80 assembler So Dana put in some long hours getting the Crowe Z80 assembler to run on the KayPro and every other Z80 machine CROWECPM This is a first class Z80 assem bler We use this assembler daily and we included its source Takes standard Zilog mnemonics LASM This is a more powerful version of the ASM assembler you received with the KayPro This will link multiple programs together at assembly time PRINTPRN This program makes it easy to print the listing files generated by the Crowe assembler KayPro Disk K11 Library amp Checkbook Programs CHECKS This has been a very popular group of programs Categorizes checks so you can keep track which are tax deductible and which get charged to which projects Includes source and excell
83. d to run or write modem software on the KayPro WwW KayPro Disk K15 Hard Disk Utilities This disk is for the KayPro 10 or any KayPro with a Winchester drive With these routines you can not only backup files with printed directories of the backup disks you can also break up large files The backed up files are not encoded as they are with KayPro s backup routine so you can access them on any system KayPro Disk K16 Pascal Compiler This is a real Pascal compiler It supports only a subset of the language no records pointers booleans reals or complex but it generates a real COM file Everything is on this disk the com piler its source example programs and docu mentation KayPro Disk K17 Z80 Tools This is for those of you who are into Z80 assembly language XLATE COM A very good 8080 to Z80 transla tion routine DASM COM An easier to use version of ZZSOURCE the Z80 disassembler This full disk includes source and documentation for both routines KayPro Disk K18 System Diagnostics Just as we finished editing the routines on this disk we received a copy of KayPro s diagnostic disk The memory test drive exercise and drive alignment routines on this disk are more powerful than KayPro s versions Plus it s only 12 Setup for KayPro II and 4 KayPro Disk K19 Prowriter Graphics This is a complete Prowriter graphics package written by the same Micro C subscriber who wrote the MX 80 graphic
84. d but not latched So it is a lot more trouble to use than the parallel ports on the Big Board Also the handshaking on the port is not nearly as nice as that on the Big Board PIO The most serious problem with this machine is the lack of software I have partially solved this problem by writing my own cross compiler that runs on my Big Board under Z80 FORTH It will hopefully be available on a user disk soon Box 3071 Moscow ID 83843 With this compiler and a cross assem bler I can write the software I need I use the M68K for doing high speed numeric calculations so I don t need a fancy oper ating system or a lot of utilities The Big Board is perfect for that task For those who need a cross assembler to run under CP M EMS offers one but I don t know how good itis There is also a public domain cross assembler written in FORTRAN that may be available from some user group I have also seen sever al ads in BYTE and Dr Dobbs Journal for 68000 cross assemblers that run under CP M Conclusion I have used the M68K computer for about a year and I am satisfied with it This is definitely the least expensive MC68000 computer I have found For use as a co processor the M68K is a nice machine However anyone who needs an MC68000 based microcomput er in their business should look else where Prices The bare board with documentation is 99 95 the debugging monitor in 2764s is 120 and the CPU and memory map ROM i
85. de Electronics and Micro Processors Unlim ited are both good places to start 4 We encourage you to dig into your system but don t do it if you are totally lost Read up get help practice on something a little less important than your computer In almost every community there is a CP M users group Check with your lo cal computer stores to locate such a 12 GREEN ball brothers TV 12 monitor in en closure 19x16 5x14 Room for mounting BB1 BB2 amp X820 type SBC s 8 drive s amp power supply see below Needs 15 Vdc 1 2 Amp Non composite separate sync in put Used amp 100 Tested MONITOR amp ENCLOSURE 30 65 00 Matching keyboard amp enclosure 19x45 77 keys Non functional lighted pushbuttons on far right missing sold only with monitor KEYBOARD amp ENCLOSURE 6 45 00 Unregulated power supply outputs 9 v 10 A 30 vct 2 A 18v 1 5A 14 v 0 5 A Includes transformer capacitors rectifiers amp heatsinks Add 3 terminal regulators for cheap power Removed from used equipment UN REG POWER SUPPLY 25 15 00 Regulated power supplyu 6 outputs 5v 4A 12v 0 2 A 24v 1 2A 24v 0 2A 15v 2 6 A 14x4x3 10 Ibs New REGULATED POWER SUPPLY 35 00 ARKON ENGINEERING PO BOX 60 Rome NY 13440 315 336 4381 anytime or 339 2232 evenings TERMS Prepaid or UPS COD CASH OR CERTIFIED CHECKS ONLY group Then get active You ll find a wealth of sup
86. designer of the Dynadisk and after a short telephone conversation I ordered the documentation and soft ware with the intent to wirewrap a breadboard version of the Dynadisk I don t recommend this approach Tony now has a printed circuit board available at a very reasonable price I spent a lot of time checking my wiring when the problem was really an error in the software Dynadisk The Dynadisk is a 256 KB RAM array with the necessary TTL logic to provide an interface to the spare parallel interface on the BB I This is the problem The Dynadisk was designed to operate with the BB I and wasn t tested for use with the Xerox 820 II Although the hardware interface is the same the software is not Fortunately the 820 II still maintains a strong lirik to it s BB I heritage The CBIOS for the BB I works fine with both the 820 and the 820 II This allowed me to use a version of CP M set up for the BB Ion my system for testing purposes So armed with Dynadisk and a version of CP M for the BB I I proceeded to convert the Dynadisk software to work with the 820 II CBIOS Hardware Modifications No software project is complete with out hardware mods Fortunately the hardware mods are minimal and only ef fect the 820 II motherboard No changes on the Dynadisk board are required The first change required is to remove the two IC s from the 820 II mother board Remove U90 and U91 and replace them with jumper blocks as descr
87. disk and a suitable S A S E for your free copy of our new software ver 1 6 PROGRAMMER 4 WITH OWNERS MANUAL AND DISK 199 95 Order from ceperiphco 1659 Scott Blvd Suite 1 Santa Clara CA 95050 C 408 244 5214 VISA and MASTERCARD telephone orders welcome Please specify Disk format CP M 8 IBM format KAYPRO II XEROX 820 OSBORNE I others Please specify method of shipment UPS or Postal Service California residents add 6 Sales Tax Dealer Inquiries invited SBASIC Column By Jack Rodenhi Think how rough it would be if every time you wanted to go somewhere you had to re invent your car Likewise a good programmer will have a library of programming tools for tasks he performs frequently In upcoming issues of Micro C we will put together several tools in SBASIC The overall game plan is to eventually come up with a program that will dem onstrate the desirability of developing software tools and at the same time de velop a program that will do something useful like creating a checkbook data base program Input bas The first part of the program involves data input The classiest kind of input routine is the type used by dBASE II in it s full screen editing mode So let s do that kind One of the nice things about a struc tured language like SBASIC is that if you don t like the words it comes with you can make up your own We are going to invent the input routine called input
88. e the load be ie ee pointer will be reset to low byte 170 DATA 13 06 33 41 12 63 This second ready triggers the 500 ns sb a eve one shot again The leading edge of the Bes eee ae one shot s output resets all flip flops and 210 DATA 45 11 9 24 14 58 63 63 iJ 220 I clears the accumulator The trailing edge 230 DATA 21 0 9 41 63 then sets the Start flip flop 240 AM The Start flip flop issues a STB signal hs oe 47 0 12 63 62 to the SC 01 Once the SC 01 has ac 270 DATA 6 33 41 63 cepted the data an ACK is returned STB 280 TALKING is then removed the phoneme counter is oie Aena 125 10 20 63 advanced the accumulator shifts in the 310 DATA 25 50 12 37 34 54 55 42 58 63 64 most significant two bits of the current EPROM byte and the accumulator shift counter is incremented The controller Figure 7 DEMO2 BAS then waits for the SC 01 to return RDY to 10 DEMO2 indicate the completion of the current 20 THIS PROGRAM DEMONSTRATES THE USE OF PHONEME CODE FROM EPROM h 30 WITHOUT USING THE DRIVER ROUTINE MEMORY LOCATION FA78H IS THE PROnEmE 40 MEMORY INTERRUPT FLAG This process will repeat until a 3FH 50 READ A STOP phoneme code is detected by U1 A es This will set the Stop flip flop U15b 80 POKE RHFAT8 0 which willissue a Reset pulse to the Start a a er O C PEEK amp HFAT7 flip flop U8b 110 IF C 0 THEN GOTO 100 If the word is longer than three pho 120 GOTO 50 nemes the accumulator shift counter 130 DATA
89. e CP M s DDT The monitor takes up 8K of the 16K EPROM space two 2764s If you are building this computer I recommend that you purchase the moni tor even though it is overpriced in my opinion Then you will have a conven ient way to test out the hardware I plan on writing a very simple resi dent operating system for M68K that will allow me to produce programs on the Big Board and send them over to the M68K 48 through the parallel port it is currently attached to my Big Board through a serial channel There should be plenty of room for this while still allowing the monitor to be resident for debugging Weaknesses The documentation supplied with the _ M68K is terrible but adequate for people who know what they are doing I would not recommend constructing this com puter unless you have built a Big Board or some other computer of equivalent complexity When I brought up the M68K I had to wire pins 12 BGACK and 13 BR on the MC68000 chip to 5V to get the com puter to run These lines are not used in this design and EMS just let them float As it turned out they floated to the wrong state and locked up the CPU I also had trouble locating a crystal os cillator module until someone pointed out that Jameco sold them I wrote to EMS but they didn t even bother to tell me where to find the module One other complaint I have with the board concerns the 16 bit bidirectional port The port is buffere
90. e Micro C gets inside the Kay pro and Big Board but I don t have the technical knowledge to do that Not be ing able to come up with nice system ex pansions was a real handicap because that would have made the publication unique and would have really helped sell it You really need a mix of software re views and hardware mods to have a bal anced publication Support from NEC My relationship with NEC was very standoffish They acknowledged my ex istence and referred a few people to me but the introduction of the new PC 6000 and PC 8800 meant they were really rushed and didn t want to bother with me Sol couldn t get the kind of informa tion I needed from their customer sup port However don t worry about factory support when you consider getting into the publication business If you base your publication on the factory support then you are in a very difficult position You are at the mercy of the whims of some big business You need to remain independent so if something is a piece of junk you can say so without fear of re percussions But it would really have helped if NEC could have sent out my literature with their systems That would have been great and I would have respected them more if they had done it I don t think that would have tied me too closely to them The only thing they did along that line was they mentioned me in their dealer newsletter just my name and ad dress Would I Do It Again
91. e for mat disk say a Kaypro II disk to another format say Kaypro 4 or 8 These track copy programs will only copy between two disks of the same format So if you want to format and copy toa disk that is different from the source disk do the following Choose the cor rect version of COPY select the O op tion and then either F to format in B or X to format drive A After you have formatted the disk s exit the COPY routine and use SYSGEN COM comes with CP M to put system tracks onto the disk don t use the SYSGEN built into the copy program it wipes out the sys tem tracks if the disks are formatted dif ferently Then use PIP COM to transfer the files 18 Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 BELLS AND WHISTLES External Video Generator lt S TLC Logo is now available for Easy Installation all Kaypro owners Standard version Add an external composite video monitor for all your for Kaypro 4 84 and 10 with internal needs graphics Deluxe version for all Kaypros using MicroSphere s Color Graphics Board Call us regarding Big Board Version TLC Logo features floating point decimals multiple turtles Very easy to learn word processing spread sheet work group demos class rooms Composite Video Generator Kaypro Il and 4 5995 Kaypro 10 or 4 84 8995 Color Graphics Board for Kaypro II 4 4 84 10 and Standard Version 9995 Deluxe Version 1299
92. e troll Since there aren t any user groups in our town we saw your note in Micro C and thought you might be willing to ex change some hints The advice on what to with the food is in the last paragraph in case you wouldn t want to sully the purity of your one man Adventure There can be many saved games not just one as your column indicated Just type SAVE OGRE or any other four letter name and the name will be ap pended to the ADVD SAV file making it ADVDOGRE SAV As you recommended that file can be made durable by PIPing it under a new name to the same or different disk to be re PIPed as needed Anyway we re stuck and getting frus trated after running out of ideas of what to try Of course the solution will seem obvious and we ll wonder why we nev er thought of it The food is for quieting the fierce cave bear Be sure to bring the keys along Have you wondered why the emerald is the size of a plover s egg Don t be afraid of whirlpools WD 40 is nice but oil still works David A Satchell Manitowoc Surgical Association 600 York Street Suites 5 and 6 Manitowoc WI 54220 Editor s note I ve been trying to tread the fine line be tween saying too much and not saying any thing about Adventure For some people the goalis the struggle for others the goal is 550 points I m tempted to include hints such as yours in Micro C and mark them plainly so that people can avoid them if the
93. each program So far I have used SBASIC to test con cepts but I have used assembly lan guage for the final effort Philip E Bond 27 Sharon Drive Spring Valley NY 10977 Editor s note Yes Philip disk K5 does work on the Gem ini 10X Also you can send for Kaypro disk K22 which has a newly updated version of ZCPR which works on the Kaypro II 4 and 10 and it s complete with source EnS 50 Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 Order Line 214 272 5724 9 AM 8PMCST 57 WINCHESTER SUB SYSTEM NEW Includes 10M Seagate ST 412 Drive Host Adapter Board Controler Board Software Case Fan Power Supply amp Cables Available For IBM PC l Apple Xerox 820 BB I 1299 S 100 Multibus i 1399 5 and 15 Megabyte Systems also Available 5 4 SEAGATE WINCHESTER DRIVES St 406 5M ST 412 10M ST 419 15M All are New Drives WINCHESTER CONTROLLER amp HOST BOARDS Xebec 1410 Controler IBM Host Xebec Apple Host Xebec S 100 Host Xebec Multibus Host Xebec Software for above Xerox amp Bigboard Host Epic LATE SPECIALS Disk Drives Cables 5 Xerox 820 8 Order Line 214 272 5724 TERMS EPIC SALES 8 FLOPPY DRIVES SIEMENS FDD 200 8 DSDD 8 Floppy Drives Shugart 850 Compatible 229 NEW 8 DRIVE SUB SYSTEM Includes 2 FDD 200 8 DSDD Drives Horiz Case and Power Supply 749 NEW MULTIBUS BOARDS SBC SBC SBC S
94. efinite improvement but it s no M80 There is no provision for linking as sembled modules though the assembler has an include directive for loading source files from the disk You can even use an underscore in an identifier to make it more readable 86 assembly language The 86 instruction set is a vast im provement over the 8080 set The 86 in structions are more general depending on the operands to determine the type of manipulation The same mnemonic is used to perform a register to register data move as a data to register move Most instructions follow the general form OPERATEON destination source where destination and source can be any of the usual oper ands without requiring a change in the instruction mnemonic itself This im provement provides a comfortable envi ronment for the Z80 programmer who hates the illogical 8080 instructions There are enough new instructions available in the 86 set to entice even high level language programmers Most noticeable are the string manipulation instructions including compare and scan string operations Multiplication and di vision are also done with single instruc tions Z80 programmers will appreciate the repeat and loop instructions but unfor tunately the bit wise operators found in the Z80 instruction set were not included in the 86 set You will have to go back to OR XOR AND and the rotate instruc tions to set and test individual bits Addressing
95. eld To interpret the input data the main program needs only to call the STRING initializer followed by the field extrac 6245 Columbia Ave St Louis MO 63139 314 645 1596 tion routine and command interpreter for each field Although this example may not be of specific value to many readers it does point out the method of modular pro gramming First define the problem and solution in detail and break it up into small easily coded routines Fully test each routine as it is written then use these modular building blocks to con struct the final program Variant Records One of the more difficult data struc tures to understand in Pascal is the vari ant record As you may recall from an earlier column a record is a structured data type which allows the programmer to access logically related data elements as a group In some cases it may be more conven ient to access the person s name as a whole rather than as last name first name and middle initial Rather than copying the data from the record fields into a single char array a variant record makes this possible ina more convenient way The case selector called a tag field must be a scalar value boolean integer char enumerated and is another field which can be manipulated within the record The variable american can be example 1 example 3 type type person_name record selector this that another last_name array 1 20 of char fir
96. emory Bugout Iso lates defective Memory Chips for easy repair Pays for itself with first failure Assembly Language 19 95 Maillist Create and maintain your Personal Business Mailing List Prints Mailing La bels Menu driven easy to use 34 95 ABRAMS CONSULTING Custom Kay pro Software 9615 Cecilwood Dr San tee CA 92071 CA residents add 6 For Sale P Mate Text Editor world s best full screen macro command edi tor versions for CP M CP M 86 MS DOS PC DOS customized version us ing BigBoard I memory mapped video for fast display Kaypro Xerox similar ly Sage Microsystems 1435 Centre Newton MA 02159 617 965 3552 voice or 617 965 7259 RCPM 300 1200 baud 24 hrs logon password BIGBOARD 4116 s 8 3 99 250 ns pullouts 200 ns 8 4 99 Add 1 50 per order for shipping Claire Love 621 M St Hoquiam WA 98550 206 533 3484 SUPERB MAILING LIST PROGRAM for CP M 2 2 supplied on 8 SSSD or now available for Kaypro 5 25 Requires two disk drives and printer capable of 132 columns for maximum usage In stallation program module included Special introductory offer by ABLE DATA SOFTWARE INC P O Box 86923 Station C North Vancouver B C V7L 4P6 only U S 19 95 postpaid check or money order Structured vs Unstructured Those reading Micro C know that we re structured programming zealots However you may not realize that we re also unstructured work lifestyle zea
97. ent example check files Very powerful LIBR This is acomplete set of library routines which let you group files into a single file called a library Then CP M sees them as a single program but with the library routines you can list them out separately run them separately or divide them up again Almost like a unix environment DISPLAY VLIST PGLST Additional screen and print utilities KayPro Disk K12 FORTH Yep this is FORTH one of the most unique most extendable languages known and for a paltry 12 00 This disk contains not just one FORTH but two along with an editor decom piler and 8080 assembler The editor even uses the cursor control keys FORTH This is true fig FORTH KFORTH A very nicely extended version of fig FORTH PLUS all the rest of the FORTH goodies Forth Heaven KayPro Disk K13 Source of fig FORTH All this disk contains is the 40K ASM source of fig FORTH with the hooks in place for the KayPro This disk is for FORTH hackers who just can t leave anything alone Look you probably have faults too The source of FORTH is here because there isn t room on K12 This is the only disk that isn t stuffed KayPro Disk K14 Smartmodem Programs This is the disk for you if you have aSmartmodem compatible modem SMODEMK Smartmodem program set up for the KayPro and source XMODEM Lets you remotely control your KayPro from a distant computer KAYTERM This is the information you nee
98. enus and forms gen eration a subject that was pushed aside because of the wealth of other subjects _ this time Enjoy your Spring but don t neglect your computer HARDWARE SPOOLER and INTERFACE CONVERTER Hardware spooler buffers your printing tasks Download a 60K listing in 50 seconds Converts to Centronics Interface without Losing Your Parallel Ports e Input Serial Port Big Board I or Il 9600 Baud e Output Centronics Parallel or Serial 110 9600 Baud e 60K Buffer up to 30 pages Requires 5 Volts at 275 mA Uses readily available parts 280 base system e LSPOOL Utility available for documents over 60 K 4x6 inch circuit board Bare Board Dacumentation Listing for ROM 29 95 ROM 2732A with program 10 95 Disk with Source Code and LSPOOL NY couse Posse ews n 10 95 Shipped via Prepaid UPS No COD or P O Box Check or Money Order to L Band Systems 1037 E Lemon Ave Monrovia CA 91016 818 357 0566 29 C ing Clearly Column by Tony Ozrelic I have always been nuts about com puter graphics Accordingly Ihave been reading and saving articles these many years Recently I came across one from my college days which gives some cookbook algorithms for drawing lines and circles I have rewritten them in C and present them to you now with a bit of explana tion GRAPH C This simple program turns your dis play i
99. eo monitor made in U S A Bare Board Programmed Control CALL OR WRITE amp Char Gen EPROMS Complete Detailed Documeniation Including Schematice and Source Listing NOW ONLY 79 95 LINGER ENTERPRISES INC P O Box 5783 Newport News VA 23605 804 244 3874 Add 2 shipping amp handling VA residents add 4 tax Complete Documentation 10 Refundable with purchase Will Accept MC amp VISA Dear Editor The recent Micro C answered a ques tion I had about why the Kaypro II CRT displays go belly up above 2400 baud in serial input gt CRT I thought it was only juggling 1 ball but with 1920 in the air I see why one more is too much Software scroll seemed like a dumb idea until I read about screen dump cal culations on hardware scroll Al Paarmann 368 El Gaucho Road Santa Barbara CA 93111 Editor s note Actually the very early Kaypro Ils had the hardware scroll circuit installed They didn t use it because Gilbert Ohysnty couldn t fig ure out how to do the hardware scroll calcula tions in the monitor Later they removed the 3 ICs because they weren t using them Dear Editor In the installation of ZCPR to CP M I SYSGENed a blank disk PIPed the six programs 3 from CP M and 3 from ZCPR and entered EX14 INSTALL cr The program just gets rolling when the message Synchronization Error appears and the program locks up RE SET is the only way out S
100. equires a sector size bit the 1793 doesn t That could be the difference Anyway if you are one of the select few with an A version of the Kaypro it looks like you can upgrade to one of the PRO monitors II 4 or 8 if you will re place your 1797 with a 1793 disk control ler 1793s cost about 25 00 each You can order them from Unicorn Electronics 213 341 8833 If you have a ROM with no suffix or with a C suffix you are just fine You have the 1793 disk controller already Oh and thanks a bunch Terry for the letter We couldn t have done it without you Close Look at the New Kaypro 4 l I had heard that the new Kaypro 4 had a Kaypro 10 board two 390K drives plus a battery backed up timer and modem Whee It turns out that the new 4 board is more than just the 10 board with two ad ditions It contains two new 40 pin ICs that replace a lot of standard ttl chips One of them is dedicated to the video section and it looks like the graphics de partment just got a lot smarter and easier to use is someone planning 1 2 3 for the Kaypro All the Kaypros will soon contain this new board and meanwhile they ve just dropped the price of the Kaypro II to 1295 and the board is running 4MHz besides Advantages Kaypro has added a lot of the features that independent suppliers have been selling which is unusual for a large man ufacturer Obviously Kaypro has been listening to users Also if Kaypro ca
101. ers are con tained in the CPU Addresses either for the program counter or for program addressing are generated using the segment registers and a second operand The operand can be an offset from another register an ab solute offset index toa memory location from another register or a relative ad dress There are seven addressing modes not counting the operand combi nations I believe this is what scares off most 8 bit programmers but it need not be a problem The 8080 Model CP M 86 has provisions for accepting programs which have code and data in termixed in a single 64K segment This is called the 8080 model and was intended to make it easy for CP M 80 program mers to move their programs over to the 16 bit operations with a minimum of re writing CP M 86 itself was written us ing the 8080 model For this reason the CP M 86 BIOS is nearly identical to the CP M 80 BIOS So if you are going to move a program from 8080 to 86 you ll need to translate the source to 86 mnemonics and you ll have to modify slightly the way that BDOS is called for the ASM 86 assem bler After the program is assembled it is loaded with GENCMD with the 8080 option set This way you can ignore the complex addressing problems The program will load at the code segment register 100h and can expect the usual addresses in the base page for dma file control block and memory sizing GENCMD also has provisions for loading programs at abso
102. es 7 games in one program includes blackjack maze and animal USERS DISK 13 General Utilities BB 1 1 ZZSOURCE disassembles to real Zilog mnemonics 2 EX14 superset of submit or supersub 3 MOVPATCH lets you use MOVECPM on other copies of CP M 4 XMON 3K expanded BB I monitor use in ROM or as overlay 5 CURSOR prompts you for cursor char you want 6 UMPIRE very fancy RAM test 7 ZSIDFIX display improvement for ZSID 8 PIPPAT modify PIP so you can reset system from within PIP 9 Lets you use the BB as a calculator including HEX 10 SORT sort package written in C80 USERS DISK 14 BB II Software 1 PRO32 latest 2732 reader amp programmer 2 SMODEM2 lets BB II talk to Hayes Smartmodem 3 GRAFDEMO demonstrates BB II graphics in BASIC 4 ATTRTEST demonstrates BB II graphics in JRT Pascal 5 INITSIO initializes port B for 300 or 1200 baud 6 MENU displays menu of COM files enter number to run file 7 SETCLK sets realtime clock built into BB II 8 PRINT2 modified print which accesses BB H clock 9 BOX draws a thin line box on screen determined by HL and BC 10 ALIENS space invaders arcade game 11 LISTSET printer interface auto enables RTS ignores DCD USERS DISK 15 Word Processing 1 EDIT very fancy line editor similar to EX Unix Includes help menu programmable key and full manual on disk 2 TED simple minded line editor easy to learn amp use Very fast 3 TTYPE typing training program written i
103. et written in Turbo Pascal It will be on your disk and ready to run And we ve included the source code to show you exactly how a spreadsheet is written Turbo Pascal IBM Pascal Pascal MT 596 00 ae ed Co Sea amen emma ono speed Disk Space 16 bit 3K w editor 300K editor 225K editor 8 bit 28K w editor Not Available 168K editor Extended Pascal for your IBM PC APPLE CP M MS DOS CP M 86 CCP M _86 or CP M 80 computer features e Full screen interactive editor providing a complete menu driven program development environment e 11 significant digits in floating point arithmetic e Built in transcendental functions e Dynamic strings with full set of string handling features e Program chaining with common variables 3 yY S Y ES ES Turbo Pascal includes a with extensive explana tions and many illustrative YES NO examples Locates Run Time errors directly in source code e Random access data files Benchmark d ta based on EightQueens in Algorithms Data Structures Programs by N e Full support of operating system Turbo Pascal is a trademark of Borland International MT is a trademark of MT peas MicroSystems IBM is a trademark of International Business Machines facilities i cas SS Se SS NST NT Co RD SRE ES OD San BENE peo Sem Seu DD Hem Sem Damp fan MIND SAO aD Ge seh Gee SLED MEE SION SUD SLOP QE GE SNE SG cr Rey Gh GO See GAA Fut
104. ew Ferguson computer has an STD Bus port for easy system expansion E DMA The new Ferguson computer has a Z80 A DMA chip that will allow byte wise data transfers at 500 KBytes per second and bit serial transfers via the Z80 A SIO at 880 Kbits per second with minimal processer overhead When a hard disc subsystem is added the DMA chip makes impressive disk performance possible 545 UNKIT SIZE 8 75 x 15 5 POWER 5V 3A 12V 0 1A E SASI Interface for Winchester Disks Our Big Board II implements the Host portion of the Shugart Associates Systems Interface Adding a Winchester disk drive is no harder than attaching a floppy disk drive A user simply 1 runs a fifty conductor ribbon cable from a header on the board to a Xebec controller that costs only 295 and implements the controller portion of the SASI interface 2 cables the controller to a Seagate Technology ST 506 hard disk or one compatible with it and 3 provides power for the controller card and drive Since our CBIOS contains code for communicating with hard disks that s all a user has todo to add a Winchester to a system E Two Synchronous Asynchronous Serial Ports With a Z80 A SIO O and a Z280 A CTC as a baud rate generator the new Ferguson computer has two full RS232 C ports It autobauds on both A Parallel Keyboard Port Four Other Parallel Ports for User I O The new Cal Tex single board computer has one parallel port for an ASCII key
105. figured for KayPro MODEM7 COM This is MODEM amp _ MODEMPAT combined you can communicate with anything KMDM795 COM Super version of MODEM7 set up for KayPro TERM MAC Commented disassembly of the TERM program you get with your KayProso you can configure it for any inetace SQ USQ COM Programs to squeeze and unsqueeze files for faster transfer KayPro Disk K2 Utilities Really oodles of spiffy little and big programs to help you get full use of your KayPro ZESOURCE COM A true Zilog format disassembler for 8080 and Z80 object COM nee Now you can turn COM files into MAC iles UNERA COM Simply enter UNERA followed by the name of the file you just erased and presto the erased file is back A lifesaver FINDBD54 COM Checks an entire disk reports bad sectors and then creates a special file containing those sectors You save a bundle on disks CAT2 This a group of programs which create and maintain a single directory of all the programs you have on all your disks Even keeps track of which programs are backed up and which aren t UNSPOOL COM Use your KayPro II and print files at the same time Doesn t slow down system response DUMPX DU 77 COMPARE SUPERSUB FORMFEED DIR DUMP and all have documentation on disk KayPro Disk K3 Games PACMAN COM Despite the KayPro s lack of graphics this one looks and plays amazingly like the real thing Keep it hidden ZEUS COM Chess with a 1 6 level l
106. format print Please enter default response input2 autoanswer answer input4 x y format autoanswer x 1 y print answer print Do you want to do it again again input4 x 3 y B Y end until not again END Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 23 Main Frames Main Frames from 175 e 70 Models of Enclosures e Assembled and tested e Quasi Coax Motherboards e Power Supply e Card cage and guides e Fan line cord fuse power amp reset switches 499 8 Floppy Main Frame 275 8 Disc Enclosure Phase 80 8 Floppy Main Frame ane Slim Line 8 Floppy Main Frame Write or call for our brochure which includes our application note Making micros better than any ol box computer AND INIEGRIND 8620 Roosevelt Ave Visalia CA 93291 209 651 1203 We accept BankAmericard Visa and MasterCharge SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER CHASSIS amp POWER SUPP 275 Built like a tank won t break the bank 2901 SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER CHASSIS AND REGULATED POWER SUPPLIES COMPLETELY ASSEMBLED AND TESTED Cabinet size 20 w x 22 4 d x 7 5 h Cabinet painted dove grey front back and side accents black Mounts 2 SHUGART SA851R EIGHT INCH FLOPPY DISK DRIVES or MECHANICAL EQUIVALENT Lighted reset switch on front panel Lamp supplied but not connected 4 DB25 1 Delta 50 1 Centronics connector cutouts two switched ac receptacles 6 three wire line c
107. ges ISSUE NO 8 10 82 Drive Maintenance Interfacing Drives Installing a New BIOS Flippy Floppies C ing Clearly begins Xerox 820 begins 28 pages ISSUE NO 9 12 82 BB II EPROM Program Relocating Your CP M Serial Print Driver Big Board I Fixes Bringing Up WordStar Cheap RAM Disk 32 pages ISSUE NO 10 2 83 Saving a Flaky Disk Hooking Wini to BB II The Disk Inspector JRT Fix Serial Keyboard Interface Pascal Procedures begins 36 pages ISSUE NO 11 4 83 BB I Expansions BB II Details Dyna RAM Disk Review Easier Reverse Video Cursor PlannerCalc Review KayPro Column begins 36 pages ISSUE NO 12 6 83 256K for BB I Bringing Up BB II dBase II Look at WordStar Double Sided Drives for BB I Packet Radio 5MHz Mod for KayPro 40 pages ISSUE NO 13 8 83 CP M Disk Directory More 256K for BB I Mini Front Panel Cheap Fast Modem Nevada Cobol Review BB I Printer Interface KayPro Reverse Video Mod 44 pages ISSUE NO 14 10 83 BB II Installation The Perfect Terminal Interface to Electronic Typewriter BB I Video Size Video Jitter Fix Slicer Column starts KayPro Color Graphics Review 48 pages ISSUE NO 15 12 83 Screen Dump Listing Fixing Serial Ports Playing Adventure SBASIC Column Begins Upgrading KayPro II to 4 Upgrading KayPro 4 to 8 48 pages ISSUE NO 16 2 84 Xerox 820 Column Restarts BB I Double Density BB II 5 8 Interface Fix KayPro ZCPR Patch Adding
108. h speed and to turn the wait state on and Off Who Says you Can towna time machine The SPEEDPRO S5RTC is here now If you don t need the clock calendar but do want increased processing speed then order the SPEEDPRO S5 Both SPEEDPROs are available from Kaypro dealers nationwide And the prices are right just 99 95 for the SPEEDPRO 5 and 199 95 for the SPEEDPRO 5RTC with TIMEPRO software NOW IS THE TIME DIGITAL DYNAMICS Performance Products for Microcomputers 206 627 0797 Tacoma WA P O BOX 5653 98405 Figure 5 BSPEAK Program THE INTERRUPT FLAG BYTE IN MEMORY IS LOCATED AT FA78H ORG 100H PROGRAM THE GPI O PORT A FOR SPEECH SYNTHESIZER LD A OFH PROGRAM THE GP I O PORT A OUT 09 A IN THE OUTPUT MODE MODE 0 LD A 1EH LOAD THE PI O PORT A OUT 09 A INTERRUPT VECTOR LD A 87H sINITIALIZE INTERRUPTS OUT 09 A JON PORT A PUT INTERRUPT SERVICE ROUTINE ADDRESS IN PFM LD HL INT SPK OFA 0H ADDRESS FOR INT SERVICE ROUTINE LD OFF1EH HL INTERRUPT VECTOR ADDRESS IN PFM MOVE ROUTINE TO FASOH LD HL SPK MOVE THE DRIVER AND THE LD DE OFAYOH INTERRUPT SERVICE ROUTINE LD BC END SPK TO ADDRESS FANOH DI LDIR EI LD A OFFH NONE ZERO TO A LD INTPND A DECLARE NO INTERRUPTS PENDING LD A 3FH LOAD THE EPROM MOST SIGNIFICANT LD PITCH A BYTE TO MEMORY LOCATION PITCH RESET THE SC 01 AND SAY READY LD HL DATA LOAD MEMORY LOCATION DATA LD A OFEH WITH A STOP CODE PHONEME LD HL A AND A 40H
109. he picture passed to input4 We make a variable called in put_line equal to a mask based on the picture Then we print the default over that P O Box G Warrenton OR 97146 MC VISA microMethods 118 SW First St 503 861 1765 Now the screen is formatted and the program is ready to accept input We on _ly want to look for input at those posi tions in the picture that input is appro priate So if the character at the current position in the picture is in the format_O set we will accept input Otherwise we go past the case structure entirely and skip over picture characters until we find another in the format_set or we reach the end of the picture If we are accepting input the character input can be any one of the members of the control_set or any other character that will pass by getkey s test step The case structure oversees execution of the operation for each of the members of the control set that may come through The last case is one of getkey returning a value of ch Getkey always equals ch so this is our else statement and this is where characters are added to response The last part of the listing is an actual application of this set of tools Study the application use it and then use the rou tine in your programs After a little use and fine tuning this tool may become one of your favorites Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 25 CP M 86 A Close Look By Dana Cotan
110. ibed in the Dynadisk Operating Manual U90 and U91 are 74LS243 bidirectional buff ers and are not required for the Dyna disk o The next step is to make the necessary jumper connections in the J11 jumper 13075 SW Davies Rd Beaverton OR 97005 block on the 820 II motherboard The necessary connections are as follows 3 4 5 6 7 8 13 14 15 16 Once these changes are made the last step is to connect the cable to the Dyna disk This connection is made using con Figure 1 CBIOS Patch To Use Dynadisk on the Xerox 820 title RAMDSK Dynadisk I O patcher Based on ddyna dynadisk i o patcher by Tony Ozrelic Copyright c 1982 This version Copyright c 1983 by Clarence Peckham Ne Se NO Ne Se ne Se we se i o ports r 6808 ddata equ 8 data port 0209 actl equ 9 7 pio control A OJJA dcsr equ 16 s control status port B betl equ Li pio control B 7 Output Bit patterns 0890 tld equ GSGGB000B Track load gogl sld equ O 88GCGGG1B Sector load 0002 ref equ O8OGOG19B Refresh on bit G04 data equ G0GGG1G0B Data selection 0088 rw equ 6800100GB sR W bit 8868 dtrack equ tld rw 2089 dsect equ sld rw JFC dread equ data rw OG04 dwrite equ data OOGA drfsh equ ref rw Memory addresses in 82g II monitor i F368 seltab equ Of360h 8 F384 dvrtab equ 0 38Gh 4 F800 dyna equ gf8g h Start of ram driver code Here We go 280 gogg aseg org 180h load patch and set up pio 8160 21 612C dd
111. ification The first cable to modify is the AC power to the drives Take the old plastic connector off by using the AMP tool PN 305183 to slide over the connectors inside and gently re move them This tool is just a metal tube that bends the little ears on the connector inward so you can slide the metal con nector out of its plastic shell I have had a fair amount of success bending the ears of the metal connectors Figure 1 Shugart 850 851 Shunt Configuration Z In use from drive select HL Stepper power from Head Load Radial Head Load Radial Head Load Radial Head Load Index Output ADH lt W Se Sector Output Option for ready Output shorted open shorted shorted open shorted shorted shorted PBLK DEN a E Sates bance Yes shorted means connected with the two points touching DEFB 7 BLOCK MASK CONST DEFB 0 EXTENT MASK CONST DEFW 242 MAX BLOCK Figure 2 Shugart 850 851 Jumpers DEFW 63 MAX DIRECTORY ENTRY DEFB 11000000B ALLOCATION MASK MSB DC disk change option DEFB 00000000B 3 t LSB 2S 2 sided output status DEFW 16 CHECK SIZE 850 there are three pins here plug between the DEFW 2 RESERVED TRACKS two 850 for sector option dis able IW three pins again plug between IW for DISK PARAMETER HEADERS FOR A 2 DISK SYSTEM inhibit write when disk write protected THE LAST TWO REMOVED FOR SPACE C Alternate head input load DS Stepper power from drive select DPHTAB DEFW
112. in 8 on the DB 37 and move that respective connector to posi tion K All done Plug in the drives enjoy and be grate ful that Xerox provided you with an ini tialization program that already allows you to do double sided disks To test your efforts try to initialize a double sid ed disk If it works you re home free If you re especially suspicious PIP over enough files to file your gloriously 980K disk If you have the 820 II you are done The operating system will automatically recognize your double sided disks when you use them If you have an 820 all that remains is the BIOS patch for your double sided disk parameters Everyone tells me this is easy However my knowledge of as sembler isn t the greatest but I Ilinclude the general area in the CBIOS here for reference Perhaps some assembler ex pert out there can be of further help to us all Drop me a note Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 CABINET FOR THE W I D E DISK DRIVES SA800 2 Heavy CAST ALUMINUM Cabinet Pwr Supply and Wiring for 2 Quantities Limited First Come First Served Cabinets are USED and sold AS IS Pwr supplies have been tested ADD 5 Shipp Hand Charge Cards ADD 5 CASCADE ELECTRONICS ROUTE 1 BOX 8 RANDOLPH MN 507 645 7997 55065 MN add 6 sales tax EY SS rn SHUGAR DISK DRIVES SA800 2 Standard Mount Guaranteed 60 Days CABINETS For Above Drives Includes Fans Cord And S
113. ince you have my interest whetted with ZCPR I hope you can get me synched J Karl Jones 220 Wilson Hall Kansas Wesleyan Salina KS 67401 Editor s note Yep I can get you synched You see MOV CPM is part of the installation routine in IN STALL MOVCPM looks at the serial num ber on the system tracks and at its own serial number before starting to work If the serial numbers are different it displays a synchro nization error and locks up That s Digital Research s method of encouraging people to purchase their own copies of CP M So you need to get out your original CPIM distribution disk It has the system tracks and MOVCPM that match Copy the system tracks use SYSGEN COM onto a blank formatted disk and then copy MOVCPM COM Then add the other programs you need to create the ZCPR disk Dear Editor I received your K2 disk yesterday and am very happy with all of the programs as I have been with your other disks However my main reason for order ing the disk was to get a copy of the UN COM and UN DOC for getting back to the source on protected MicroSoft BAS IC files As far as Ican determine the programs are not on the disk although your adver tising and the disk directory indicates that they are Charles Clark 689 N 800 W St Provo UT 84601 Editor s note Sorry those utilities are not on the disk UN COM doesn t work on MicroSoft BASIC any longer MicroSoft obviously made some changes t
114. ing 15 FOR THE II AND 4 s GRAPHICS ADAPTER FOR KAYPRO COMPUTERS This simple board adds most of the features of the popular Heath Zenith H 19 terminal to your Kaypro These include Reverse Video Character Mode Graphics and other advanced features And because it emulates an existing terminal there is a wealth of Graphics Game and Business Software packages already available for it On all but those machines in which the ICs have been soldered in installation is a simple matter requiring only about 15 minutes The Gilderfluke amp Co Graphics Adapter retails for 175 00 California residents must add 6 2 sales tax Please include your Kaypro s serial number with order If you have a Kaypro Il which says KAYPRO on the boot prompt rather than KAYPRO II please indicate this when you order Dealer inquiries are invited AVAILABLE SOON FOR THE AND 10 s The features it will add to your Kaypro include n KAYPRO COMMUNICATIONS a LOVE AFFAIR FROM MA BELL SWAP FILE FULL The SIGNALMAN MARK XII BRILLIANT not MODEM does it all without a loudspeaker to wake your spouse For KAYPRO 380 00 110 300 1200 baud Hayes compatible INCLUDED at NO cost software to use it 26 entry USER CHANGABLE directory auto dial answer Baud and file speed control file utilities and more in SIGXII COM plus Communication utility programs and other handy stuff with instructions on dis
115. it executing the basic 8086 instruc tion set at significantly increased speed at the same clock rate The fast clock rates available 3MHz and the execution enhancements make the 80186 a much better FORTH chip A pair of the 10 instructions added by the 80186 are of interest to multitasking multiuser FORTH systems The push all and pop all instructions quickly save and restore all of the major registers on the hardware stack Otto Baude has been nice enough to loan me a Slicer for a few months to fin ish the development of a stand alone UNIFORTH for this board It s really a top notch computer and I recommend it highly The monitor and CP M 86 im plementation are excellent I think an interesting project for some enterprising engineer would be to pack age the Slicer and the Digital Research Computer video board into a portable computer KayPro II s are cheap enough that you could almost buy the computer and replace the Z80 board BDOS Calls Through FORTH There are over 30 functions that a user program can obtain from a CP M 80 op erating system If you are programming in a conventional language such as FOR TRAN or PASCAL you can only use those functions that are included in your vendor s implementation One of the advantages of FORTH is its extensibility If a particular BDOS func tion is missing from your system it is easy to add it Once compiled any later FORTH word can use the new function Try tha
116. ith us through these fluid times 8 Disk Drives Used clean working disk drives Several models available SSSD at 100 DS DD 225 Cases avail able Quantity discounts 12 B amp W Hi resolution monitors 80 column DC model 15VDC 1 1A 35 AC model 115V 45 Both drives and monitors work with BB or Xerox 820 Call eve nings R Breinlinger 51 Wash Pond Road Hampstead NH 03841 603 329 5838 BBI ROM Terminal Emulator Menu driven selection of SIO port baud rate parity etc Interrupt driven I O loafs at 9600 baud Uses one EPROM slot 29 95 ppd 34 95 for 2716 1 Unified Soft ware Systems PO Box 2644 New Car _ rollton MD 20784 Public Domain UG Software Rental CP M UG Vol 1 92 on 46 8 Flippies 45 00 SIG M UG Vol 1 150 on 75 8 Flippies 75 00 PICONET Vol 1 34 on 17 8 Flip pies 25 00 Pascal Z UG Vol 1 25 13 8 Flippies 20 00 UG Games 20 Vols of the best ones 20 00 UG Modem 20 Vols of the best 20 00 UG Business 20 Vols of the best 25 00 UG Utilities 10 Vols of the best 20 00 Rental is for 7 days after receipt with 3 more days grace for re turn Credit cards accepted preferred 5 disk formats also available Down loading disk format conversions Call User Group Software Automatic Update Service 7 50 per 2 volume set PP 619 727 1015 24 hrs 619 941 0925 info P J s National Public Domain Software Cen ter 1062 Taylor Street Vista CA 92083 Kaypro SoftwareM
117. k Prewritten 10 entry PERMANENT directory Send SASE for more information To Order please print your name and address no p o box 10 exact names and numbers including 1 and area code if needed for Permanent Directory send 380 00 California residents add 612 in Money Order or Check add 2 weeks COD orders add 5 00 Cash or Money order only on COD No phone orders yet We ship prepaid UPS SWAP FILE FULL 25530 Ave Stanford 203 Valencia CA 91355 amp CO 420 Midway Drive Space 013 Anaheim Calif 92805 714 776 2207 BIG BOARD Y XEROX 820 O Get the parallel I O you need after you ve used up that one PIO on your computer The board also has a battery backed up clock calendar chip Interface that with a simple triac circuit and have your computer turn itself on and off Up to 4 extra PIO s Lithium cell back up for clock Easy assembly amp installation Stand by interrupt 4 output from clock Bare PCB 29 95 Complete kit 99 95 Assembled amp tested 129 95 Shipping 2 50 Goodi Send check or M O to Goodin Peripherals oodin P O Box 5867 Reno Nevada 89513 Peripherals Please allow 3to6 weeks for delivery Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 ENTER THE FUTURE THIS IS THE PASCAL COMPILER EVERYBODY S BEEN WAITING FOR EVERYBODY EXCEPT THE COMPETITION LEARN TO WRITE A SPREADSHEET Our introductory offer includes MICROCALC a spreadshe
118. keep one legged horses Seriously I realize that these things will become clearer as I go along but I can y y yy ee ee ee ee ee ee y BIG BOARD COLOR GRAPHICS sb A beled saat TMS 9918A Based Graphics System 256H 192V x x32 Simultaneous Fast Moving Sprites Composite Video Output x Highest Quality PC Construction Software Includes Character amp Sprite Editor Demo Program In Pascal amp Basic Drivers Are Above The Monitor For Use With High Level Languages Requires 1 trace cut and 1 jumper see adding 6K of Ram MicroC 7 Plugs Into U7 U7 Still Available for Prom with Jumper TMS9918A Graphics Chip 34 5 Check Money Order x COD GRAPHTECH P O Box 1185 McPherson KS 67460 316 241 6330 Call for Availability amp Price of Parts Kit Kansas Residents Add 4 Tax Include 3 For Postage amp Handling Allow Four to Six Weeks for Delivery 4 4 y MH HR RM MR eH MH HR MH MH 16 Colors MAERSK ee E a ee a a a a a gt Se Se Se ae also appreciate why some people are put off by the bewildering array of strange items jargon and concepts that they are confronted with when they peek into this field I would like to know where I can get some good resource material that is com prehensible to the lay person I would appreciate any contacts from Kaypro us ers in my area What are the advantages of turning my Kaypro 4 into an 8 If I purchase your Pro set 4 or 8 do I need to upgrade my
119. l CF B FO OB OA GA 68 gogg 5g og 68 OA 68 g9 OA g8 DSe ne ne Ne ne ne ne we Se ve ve wo So egdyn LA ramdvr e we ve me me we we o me nve ve se ve we e me me we ld a cfh B side 4 out 4 in out bctl a ld a Gh out bctl a ld a drfsh turn on refresh out desr a in a ddata clear ready line jp g 3GO TO CPM Here is the disk handler On entry HL points to a command block wit following information HL gt defb command l select l read defb logicalunit defb physicalunit defw track defw sector defw address buffer equ S phase dyna ld a hl get command inc a jr z select Not select so set up for read write push hl address of cmd block inc hl inc hl inc hl ld e hl track number to DE inc hl la d hl inc hl ld a hl A sector inc hl ine hl push hl pointer to buffer add dec a sector is 0 25 ex de hl shl Track hl track a sector l Compute ramadd 26 trk sector 1 add hl hl 32 trk push hl pop de add hl hl 74 txrk add hl hl 8 trk push hl pop be add hl hl 716 trk add hi be 8 trk add hl de 2 trk 26 trk 1d c a l b sbc sector 1 add hl be shl 26 trk sector 1l output to ramdsk l sector h track ld a dtrack trk register out dcsr a ld a h get track value out ddata a ld a dsect sector register out dcsr a l ld a l get sect
120. lots This of course creates the mayhem and anarchy that makes working here so in teresting For example last week I decided to work most of the days of the week but only 2 to 4 hours at a time popping in whenever convenient This really makes Alice envious She has to be here 8 to 5 Monday through Friday chained to her desk Tracey will be working Monday Wednesday and Friday Dana works a Monday through Thursday schedule plus countless odd hours Dorcas works Monday through Friday like Alice and of course no one ever knows when Dave will be here or won t be here Having explained all this I hope the insight will give you a couple of chuckles next time you call and find that those who are here aren t even sure who s here Which may come from some of us not ever being all here David Thompson Editor amp Publisher Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 53 ME CALL WREN SALE N DISKS Dysan Verbatim ap eae eee eee 2012 Miniscribe 12 mb drive 700 oo eae eee eee 4020 Miniscribe 17 mb drive 850 8 SSSD 3 85 8 SSSD 3 10 R0 204 Rodime 27 mb drive 900 8 SSDD 48 i 8 DSDD 540 8 DDD 380 S1410 Xebec controller 2 drv 295 Disk Mailers 10 for 5 00 100 for 40 00 Kaypro II 1200 Ree PRINTERS M orrow MD 2 w terminal 1200 OKI 82A S amp P 85Carr 120CPS 325 QUME Sprint II 40 cps 1295 g4 P PO I36Camn 200CPS 975 Smith Corona TP 1 350 Seg sear os ws Quantex 150 cps 700 BS g gsc jocs so Cromem
121. lute memory locations The absolute address for each of the four memory segments can be specified with parameters in the com mand line when GENCMD is invoked Absolute addressing is not recommend 26 Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 EPROM PROGRAMMER interfaces to the BBI XEROX 820 parallel port Requires 5v 3A 25v 1A interface cable Software and schematic Bareboard and schematic Software and bareboard Software and kit less ZIFs Software and full kit Programmer A T S H within N A S H foreign orders Big Board II software and source uses BB II sockets for programming Software is delivered on a 8 inch SS SD floppy disk Program Verify Load and check for Erased Intel Eproms 2716 2732 A 2764 27128 T I Eproms 2516 2532 2564 Xicor EEprom 2816A Uses 16k bytes of system memory as a buffer allowing you to work with up to 8 2716 EPROMs at the same time Upload and Download Intel Hex Files Edit the data in the 16k byte memory buffer WADE Universal Interface Expander Use the WADE I U I E for Intelligent Communications Printer Buffer System multiplexer AND as a BIG BOARD Parallel driven RAM disk P S to S P converter or XEROX 820 PORT EXPANDER Power requirements 5 volts 3A 12 volts 1A Bareboard Printer buffer EPROM Printer buffer source on 8 SSSD diskette 4 MHz Kit 64k with printer buffer EPROM 4MHzA T 64k with printer
122. ly to transmit it So here is a way for the non amateur radio computer hacker to have some fun watching the dit dah dits magically appear on the Kaypro screen in English The Cheap and Dirty CW Interface The following cheap and dirty inter face and software will also enable experi enced Hams to send and receive CW continuous wave at incredible speeds Cheap Hardware The hardware has only 13 components and receives its power from the Kaypro All connections are to the parallel printer port The LM567 tone detector converts au dio from the speaker jack of any short wave receiver to digital pulses These CW pulses are sent to Kaypro via pin 11 The Kaypro outputs CW on pin 9 of the printer port to a 4N33 optoisolator which will key most modern trans ceivers I used pin 30 for ground and pin 18 for 5 volts I understand that earlier mod els of Kaypro II did not have 5 volts on pin 18 So if you have an old II you may have to go inside to get power for the cheap and dirty Dirty Software The software is MBASIC so everyone can understand and modify it to suit their needs It has lots of GOTO s so I guess the PASCAL folks will call it dirty The program starts out in the receive mode The cursor keys are used to con trol the program Transmit Mode Receive Mode Dec xmit speed 2 wpm Inc xmit speed 2 wpm Up arrow Down arrow Left arrow Right arrow The software is adjusted to run with a 4 MHz clock
123. m on the press I looked for a long time for someone cheaper and then by accident I found a printer who was willing to do it for half as much That helped a lot The maga zine was running 10 12 pages 5 6 sheets printed on both sides I was charging 20 per year for a sub scription so I wasn t exactly getting rich on the deal but ifI didn t count my time I wasn t losing any either If I counted my time I just got depressed Time I m sure I spent 60 hours per issue much more than I anticipated In the be ginning I did all the typing myself then I had it typed by a professional However the original writing took a lot more time than I expected and product reviews of ten took weeks In fact it was this demand on my time that really killed the magazine If it had been financially more worthwhile I would have stayed with it But my other business writing software packages in dBASE II has really taken off so ending the newsletter is giving me that 60 hours to devote to this more profitable project Contents The magazine contained mostly re views of CP M software that would run on the NEC In the process I reviewed the products of my advertisers and I lost some adver tisers because I was critical of their prod ucts However they had to understand that I wore two different hats One was advertising sales and the other was re viewer The two didn t cross I wanted to be able to get inside my system lik
124. machine first What needs to be done How is it done How much will it cost Larry D Ruddell 214 E Euclid Spokane WA 99207 Editor s note You can pop our PRO 8 monitor into your Kaypro 4 without making any changes You will get faster disk accesses and the setable cursor You can of course also do the speed up to 5 MHz You will need a copy of issue 12 a Z80B some wire wrap type wire and a switch With the PRO 8 monitor you can go to the quad density drives if you wish but you cer tainly don t have to Letters continued on page 50 Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 3 Big Voice For The BB I By James R Thompson Communications with the comput er touch sensitive screens high reso lution crt s and graphics printers voice pattern recognition speech synthesis etc are the predominant push in the computer industry these days Along with these come a trend to reduce the peripheral control burden on the CPU and memory and offload it onto the pe ripheral Big Voice One peripheral for the Big Board that retains most of its control and storage in hardware thus freeing the CPU and memory for more important work is the Big Voice speech synthesizer The board based on the Votrax R SC 01 phoneme speech synthesizer con tains approximately 1400 English words plus the 64 basic phonemes all in a com pressed data format in two 32k EPROMS with expansion capability to two 64k EPROMS up
125. machines are here to stay Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 27 FORTHwords By Arne Henden Tn this column I would like to repeat the good news about the FORTH Inter est Group mention some new software and hardware releases and end with a discussion of operating system interfac ing FORTH Interest Group I mentioned this important organiza tion back in one of the early columns but it is time to refresh your memory FIG started as a northern California club and has since expanded to provide a world wide FORTH User Group Dues are 15 U S 27 foreign and include a subscrip tion to FORTH Dimensions FD the leading FORTH journal I definitely rec ommend joining FIG if you are at all in terested in FORTH Their address is FORTH Interest Group P O Box 1105 San Carlos CA 94070 The latest issue of FD v 5 n 5 in cludes articles on calculating fixed point logarithms a quick sort routine Laxon s second installment on multitasking and a review of the 1983 FORML meeting Many more articles are in the issue surely some would interest you FIG is considering the operation of a Software Exchange to distribute public domain FORTH application software More on this when plans are finalized Ever order anything by charge card from FIG You will notice that Mountain View Press is the vendor mentioned on the charge FIG is a low volume organi zation and uses MVP for a lot of their se
126. mance at 4 MHz with all my programs has been substantially improved But I would sill like to in crease the speed to 5 MHz if possible However I was not able to increase the speed to 5 MHz When I switched the toggle to the 5 MHz position garbage characters filled the screen and the sys tem would neither boot nor would key board commands have any effect I as sumed that although I checked the connections and wires that I added I had made an error in following the in structions At this month s user s meeting I met another gentleman that had also fol lowed the instructions in your column and likewise was not able to get beyond 4 MHz So lam writing to you I purchased an SGS brand Z80B and SGS brand monitor ROM I inserted the Z80B into the socket at U63 and the ROM at U43 Next rather than soldering to the pins on U66 as I was advised not to bya good friend who is also an electronics tech and the half willing overseer of the job I cut the leads in the board to pins 4and 5 and ran trace wires to the destination pins As I noted above the 4 MHz speed up is great I cannot imagine doing anything on my computer at the slower speed Al so I have been very pleased that I have not found a single program that would not work at the faster speed Even with out 5 MHz I ama much happier Kaypro owner Matthew Kesner 6345 Lochmoor Drive CAUTION San Diego CA 92120 SLOW Z808 Editor s note
127. mory by BAS IC and then spoken by CALLing the driver BASIC is easily fast enough for continuous WORD speech SPEAK when assembled and execut ed programs the GPI O Port A in the output mode moves the driver and in terrupt service routines into memory at FA40H above PFM resets the SC 01 and speaks the word ready To use this driver routine load the HL register pair with the address of the word or pho neme to be spoken formats described above then CALL FA40H See Figure 3 The program DEMO COM demon strates the driver SPEAK when used with an assembly language program see Figure 4 BSPEAK see Figure 5 performs es sentially the same way as SPEAK except that phoneme codes are loaded into memory in sequence starting at FA7AH up to 127 phonemes and terminating the sequence with 40H A CALL to FA40H will initiate speech A byte POKEd at FA79H sets the pitch for the entire sequences as shown 3FH low pitch 7FH medium low BFH medium high FFH high pitch continued on page 6 ST SS SS I I EE Be I IE EEE Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 Figure 3 Big Voice Interrupt Routine INTERRUPT FLAG IN MEMORY IS LOCATED AT FA78H PROGRAM THE GP I O PORT A IN THE OUTPUT MODE LOAD THE PORT A INTERRUPT VECTOR INITIALIZE INTERRUPTS ON PORT A we we we we we we PUT INTERRUPT SERVICE ROUTINE ADDRESS IN PFM LD HL INT SPK OFA40H ADDRESS FOR INTERRUPT ROUTINE PORT A INTERRUPT ADDRESS IN PFM
128. mplete phoneme far RA get LA E h thin 2 21 heavy TH 0 the package from the author for 70 post EH2 01 11 enlist U 28 185 nove paid This package includes the printed EH3 00 59 jacket U1 37 90 you circuit board two 2532 EPROMS con ER 3A 146 bird UH 33 185 cup fae y F 1D 103 fast UH1 32 103 uncle taining approximately 1400 words an 8 G 1c 71 get UH2 31 71 about SSSD floppy containing utilities and the H 1B p hello OH 23 47 mission I 27 185 pin OF 71 van source of the word file and documenta it 0B 12 inhibit W 2D 80 uin tion I2 OA 80 inhibit Y 29 103 any I3 09 55 inhibit Y1 22 80 yard Schematics follow on pages 8 amp 9 a 36 i Jai z o gt o EES J 1A 47 judge ZH 07 90 apzure SSeS e a a a aac ce a a a a a IS eS I aa e a a aa A T E a are ES Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 7 Big Figure 9 Big Voice Phoneme Section Voice 12 epee Saat OP Schematics l RZ ALTERWATE POWER mp p uF J OLA 10K 3 3K CABLE L A uliza M c t2 7407 7407 ulok P s7 I 12 40 A E2 u c 5 LOS gio S6 om D Slit uze INTER Ka 7407 A 200 pF L re s4 iol p4 412 uloa 2 ciz tH tof 3 u SCI R8 cH R7 s rae AF 2 3 3k MF jok 5 2 Ao 22 Sj 13 p LM 386 14 cB Pe ATKE RSA SOD R A ul F 7 220 STB D STB 3 6 VoLumE 5 8 ACK Ry ce a RI7 GND 19K RIZ ay RI 2200 ia E ii 8 q sie F LaF ACK ROY lt k L Rn A c7 1407 560 uizd F Figure 10 Big Voice Data Section TELAN EPROM TYPE NS
129. n BASIC 4 TINYPLAN very simple minded spreadsheet Whets your appetite for a fancy one 5 C80 Text Utilities 6 CHOP cuts off file after N bytes 7 ENTAB replace spaces with tabs where possible 8 MS double or triple spaces a file to output 9 RTW removes trailing spaces from file 10 TRUNC truncates each line to specified length 11 WRAP wraps at column 80 plus pretty pretty printing page s USERS DISK 16 BB I Modem Software 1 RCPM27 list of U S bulletin boards 2 SMODEM interfaces BB I with Hayes Smartmodem 3 PLINK66 easy to use with non CP M host for port A 4 BBPAT menu selection of BAUD rate bits char parity amp stop bits 5 MODEM 7 Modem 7 plus BBPAT lets you talk to anything from port A MICRO CORNUCOPIA P O Box 223 Bend Oregon 97709 SWEEP BB II DRIVE INTERFACE For 514 and 8 Drives Andy Bakkers is making this special software package available through Micro C Complete source HEX amp documentation files on an 8 SS SD disk Also outlines on disk the hardware changes needed 29 95 USERS DISK 17 Small C version 2 SMALLC2 this substantially expanded version of Small C now includes for goto label switch case external declarations new preprocessor commands expanded I O includes redirection initializers plus 12 new expressions The I O and runtime libraries have been greatly expanded including printf Source amp documentation on one full disk USERS DISK 18 F
130. n resist making changes for a while you ll see a lot of hardware and software coming out for this board After all people will only have to design a product once and it will work on all the new Kaypros Disadvantage However a lot of present upgrades will not now work on the new board Dana will be working on new monitor ROMs but of course those new ROMs aren t done yet So those of you with a Kaypro 4 with graphics and two half wide drives will have to wait a while be fore making your system distinctive And those of you planning to pur chase a Kaypro 10 might want to wait a month or so and then make sure you will be getting a system with the built in mo dem The MODEM The built in modem is a very simple 300 baud direct connect unit It is locked at 300 baud for now because its UART asynchronous serial chip is tied to the same half of the 8116 baud rate generator as the keyboard SIO Since the keyboard communicates at 300 baud it s obvious that Kaypro figured it could save the price of another baud rate generator by using the same clock twice However until we come up with something sneaky and if it s sneaky it s right down our alley you ll lose use of your keyboard if you try running the modem at say 450 baud Support For Fat Jack As a technical journal we ve consid ered ourselves above the jungle of Kay pro add ons such as legs a 1 by 2 board mounted underneath the front gives it a great
131. nary in addition to the main dic tionary These are real dictionaries not hash tables so you edit or remove words from your own dictionary at will MNIETAgraNp EDITORIAL continued from page 1 exchange information The phone has become a very important part of that and when someone calls with a problem or request that eventually leads to an im portant solution then we all gain And even more significantly some of the calls are from people who have figured out answers to problems that have been bothering folks for a long time However a large share of the requests for information are from people who are simply too lazy or too stubborn or too something to get the information for themselves The fact that we are accessi ble leaves us at the mercy of anyone with a spare hour or two and a Sprint line If You Need Help We are glad to help Your questions can be very basic or very advanced However Please Try to help us too 1 Try your darndest to find the infor mation for yourself If the question is about a software package or a piece of hardware you purchased from someone other than Micro C contact the manu facturer about the problem We can t possibly know every nook and cranny in Sel IT S EASY TO USE Just enter SPELLSYS select which disks you ll use and file you re checking Then SpellSys takes over Everything is self prompting so sit back and relax Word Review
132. ned arguments wasting time and code A very interesting article by David Cornell in Dr Dobb s Journal Jan 1984 page 44 describes a utility for a fig FORTH system that provides a conven ient access to system functions from high level FORTH Written for MS DOS interfacing the utility is a set of macros that create a BDOS call from high level FORTH An example is the open file call which would be written in his utility as shown CALL OPEN FILE PASS DX 15 DOS FCN RET AL CALL defines a machine language CODE word in this case called OPEN FILE The word PASS will create pop instructions for each register mentioned DOS FCN implements the actual BDOS call RET creates push instructions for each register mentioned This novel approach provides assem bly language interface with the operat Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 ing system yet the user needs to know absolutely nothing about assembly lan guage just listing the parameters men tioned in the system call description Cornell provides examples of just about all available MS DOS calls In all it is highly recommended reading and should not be difficult to modify for a CP M 80 interface Next Column If you ve been following the bench mark escapades in earlier columns I will be giving you some more systems for comparison at least including the 80186 and the Z8000 I promise to devote most of the column to m
133. nting all other characters in their respective posi tions Power Requirement 5VDC 75A 12VDC 05A and CP M 2 2 also t Z80A is a registered trademark of Zilog Inc tt CP M is a registered trademark of Digital Research Manual alone 55 manual with RPMGEN COM and GETRPM COM with utilities on 8 SSSD 75 Shipping 5 10 nonUS Ready Input On to input4 Input4 is declared as a function rather than a procedure to facil itate later code writing To use input4 you pass it four parameters That is you have to tell it where you want the input to appear on the screen row and col what characters will be acceptable in what positions and what answer should be taken as the default We turn the cntl C trap off because we want everything done under program control We are going to repeatedly get one key and add it to our response un til done Optionally we can if certain control keys are pressed erase the entire line go to the next or the prior entry or whatever else might be desirable and useful to program in How will we know when weare done If the response is as many characters as were requested or if the operator presses the return key we will be done We initially set the variable done to _ f Then we let response equal the de fault until we know better Because the string insertion routine needs a string to insert into we pad the default with spac es to the length of t
134. nto a drawing board With it you can draw lines and circles It could stand improvement but then can t we all GRAPH begins by clearing the screen and using CP M s BDOS call to look at the keyboard This way I can move the cursor around without depositing char acters on the screen See Figure 1 for GRAPH s command set Figure 1 GRAPH s Command Set Com Description b draw concentric circles c draw circle with set coordinates i move cursor up j cursor left k cursor right 1 draw line using specified coords m cursor down s draw a star q quit and return to CP M space store loc of cursor on stack Commands b and s show what the circle and line drawing algorithms can do when driven by the computer To draw your own lines and circles use the i j k m keys to move the cursor to a point on the screen and hit the spacebar This pushes the current row column coordinates onto a small stack stk and bumps the stack pointer sp Move to a new location and hit the spacebar again this pushes a second set of coordinates onto the stack You are now ready to draw Hit the 1 key and the coordinates will be popped off the stack and given to line which will then draw the line using asterisks as the plot symbols Hit the c key instead and you get a circle What could be simpler Hitting any other key than the ones in the command set blanks the screen continued on page 32 6708 Melrose Los Angeles CA
135. o be used fora dual drive enclosure for other systems besides the Big NEW LOWER PRICE 69 95 add 4 UPS Buy 2 or more at 65 ea Units shipped unassembled Limited Qty of mating PAMOTOR 8500D muffin fans avail at 12 Limited Qty of CDE APF600CEE 6 amp AC 3 wire receptical and line filter that fits our enclosure are avail at 3 50 each Limited Qty of 50 conductor dual disk drive ribbon cable and connector assemblies for your Big Board These feature GOLD Winchester Electronics connectors 15 each Add extra 1 UPS on above 3 items We accept VISA MC money orders or cash Personal checks OK but cause an extra 2 week delay for clearing Texas residents add 5 sales tax We ship to USA and Canada only 15 min order No phone orders yet ODD BALL ELECTRONICS P O BOX 879 DUNCANVILLE TEXAS 75116 When running the terminal installa tion program TINST COM if you wish to delete a function such as insert line enter a minus sign and TINST will re ply nothing Under these circum stances the Turbo editor will perform the required function in software rather than using a terminal function code For any Pascal the statements i i 1 i suce i have the same effect but the second will be much more efficient The first state ment will generate code to execute an in teger add routine while the second will result in a simple increment R PRicg Canadian Orders add 8 shipp
136. o defeat UN so we took them off the disk Unfortunately our ad brochures still show the files Dear Editor I am looking for a good well de bugged version of Kermit so I can talk to a person who doesn t have MODEM7 configuration yet for his system Steve Schick 4244 Cheeney St Santa Clara CA 95054 Editor s note Yep we have Kermit configured for the Kaypro It s on two full disks and costs 24 Just ask for Kermit Dear Editor I ve had some problems using the key pad when running ZCPR Any sugges tions Also if you could consolidate all of the Kaypro modifications that you have dis cussed and write them ina fashion simi liar to your reply to Chris Paulsen in is sue 15 it would be a big help Charles Dugan 3834 136th Ave SE Bellevue WA 98006 Editor s note See the Kaypro column in issue 15 for the ZCPR patch As far as the Kaypro II is concerned I d do the following I d do the Kaypro II to Kaypro 4 mod first and then get the PRO 8 set After installing the new monitor ROM and Z80B I d speed the system up to 5 MHz definitely include the switch so you can go back to 2 5 MHz Then I d purchase a copy of Uniform for the Kaypro 4 from the Uniform folks sup ports about 25 formats and install two half wide Kaypro 4 drives the double sided TEACs as drives A and B and two half wide quad density TEACSs as drives C and D I d also get a copy of Plu Perfect for the Kaypro 4 and ZCPR
137. oard 60 100 125 150 Big Board Il 80 125 150 200 Slicer 100 150 200 250 Any CPM 80 60 100 Unified Software Systems P O Box 2644 New Carrollton MD 20784 301 552 9590 DEC VAX PDP RT 11 RSX 11 TM Digital Equipment Corp CP M TM Digital Research MSDOS TM Microsoft VIC 20 TM Commodore ICs PROMPT DELIVERY SAME DAY SHIPPING USUALLY DYNAMIC RAM 256K 200 ns 59 90 64K 200 ns 5 87 64K 150 ns 5 99 64K 120 ns 7 50 16K 200 ns 1 15 EPROM 27128 300 ns 22 50 2764 250 ns 9 25 2732 450 ns 8 50 2716 450 ns 3 60 2532 450 ns 4 75 STATIC RAM 6264P 15 150 ns 42 00 6264LP 15 150 ns 44 00 6116P 3 150 ns 6 56 MasterCard VISA or UPS CASH COD l Factory New Prime Parts uPoo MICROPROCESSORS UNLIMITED 24 000 South Peoria Ave BEGGS OK 74421 91 8 267 4961 Prices shown above are for March 15 1984 Please call for current amp volume prices Prices subject to change Please expect higher prices on some parts due to world wide shortages Shipping and Insurance extra Cash discount prices shown Small orders received by 6 PM CST can usually be delivered to you by the next morning via Federal Express Standard Air 5 99 MICRO CORNUCOPLE The Single Board Systems Journal P O BOX 223 _ BEND OREGON 97709 bry S E z Q wy 4 gt Q eo Q CG 3 Z pj tr t o divd ADVLSOd S N w eo 5 P O ALYA WING re lay 5 eo zZ 9 a Le
138. oking character set Kaypros have come with two different character ROMs the early character ROMs had a rotten g y q f and t as well as commas and semi colons that were hard to tell from periods and colons On the newer systems manufactured since Sept 83 half of the characters notably the g have been improved but they haven t gone all the way Also many of the older character ROMs were poor quality parts so they generated snow as information scrolled up the screen This white flecky snow disappears when you install a Pro Character ROM The character ROM comes in two flavors 1 The standard Greek Pro Character has the nicer character set plus the standard Kaypro Greek characters 2 The Clean Pro Character has the nicer character set but no Greek characters This is the ROM for people who get strange Greek characters on the screen when interfacing with Mainframe systems 3 Complete printed instructions for simple plug in installation takes 5 minutes Note These ROMs will not work in the KayPro 10 or the latest KayPro 4 with graphics it contains the KayPro 10 board We are working on new ROMs for these systems Prices Pro Moniton ll cnsiccseceess tena tea sacha cece a a aeeeeeeseastadeccie ene 29 95 BrosMonitor 4 isiiciecsiscbicicteis oinieinie nanana eSle hele SEG SSMS Regions AS 29 95 Pro Monitor 8 package ccccccccccce cece ene n tenets ceases snes neeens 49 95 Pro Character either Greek or Clean 2 0
139. om programs and escape tables retained during power down Defaults to control ROM tables H19 Compatible when not modified Month to MSEC Real Time Clock Display to Sec Transmit to MSEC Reliable battery interface for clock and 2K user RAM Menu driven set up Powers up as previously configured History for communcations analysis displays last 256 video escape and control char received 2 Program Menu selectable RS 232 compatible ports with Daisy Chain 16 Program Menu selectable baud rates 50 to 19 200 TTL and RS 232 level baud clock outputs 6 Program Menu selectable bell tones 9 Menu cursor selections Box underline overline solid blink fast or slow Menu selectable auto LF on CR and or Auto CR on LF or neither Local full duplex simplex operation 80x50 video with 80x24 screen window Up Down scroll with non destruct mode Transmit screen from top to cursor cursor home forward backward up down Horz tab full X Y cursor control including save restore and report cursor cursor on off clear screen clear line erase to end of screen to beginning of screen to end of line to beginning of line Char selectable normal inverse blink and low intensity 96 Upper and Lower case with descenders 32 interconnecting line block graphic set type ahead buffer 8 x11 silk screened double sided glass apoxy PC board only uses easy to get parts requires parallel ASCII keyboard and standard composite vid
140. on 2 Don Asquith 446 Sherman Canal wee He HH HHH KH HHH HHH HE TECHNICAL TIPS kok Kk k k k k k k k k k k KOK KK KK KK STOP THIEVES HAVE YOUR SCREEN SAY ANYTHING YOU WANT WITH A CUSTOM PROGRAMED ROM ko k kx x kx k k xxx KAYPRO HAVE YOUR NAME Other All Models COMPANY NAME brands 45 PHONE NUMBER call first x Ke Ke K KK K WITH A CUSTOM PROGRAMMED SCREEN WILL SAY ANYTHING YOU WANT IT TO To order or more info 213 306 2146 Diablo 620 Proportional Spacing The Diablo 620 printer is less than per fect when using the proportional spac ing feature of Perfect Writer To achieve perfection make sure you have the 10 pitch pica wheel on the Diablo when you turn it on Then while the unsuspecting printer awaits its mission quickly slip on the proportional spacing wheel It seems that when the Diablo is initialized with the proportional wheel it is incompati ble with the proportional writing of Per fect Writer John Beckett Computer Service Department Southern College Collegedale TN 37315 DATA STROBE ROM YOUR Specify Model Mw HH HHH HHH HHH Venice Ca 90291 please include what your kaypro says now kok k ok Rk k k k RK OR k Ok k Ok k k k k k k Ha o gt E Z PROMMER EPROM PROGRAMMER FOR THE BIG BOARD AND XEROX 820 FEATURES e Supports 2716 2732 2732A 2764 Easily installed with only two connections e No external supply needed all _ power derived from
141. ons for CP M 1 4 amp 2 2 5 Disk mapper with source USERS DISK 3 1 EPROM burning software for BB 1 2 Reset bit 7 unWordStar a file 3 Disk file CRC checker 4 New fast copy program amp source 5 DU77 disk inspector editor 6 FINDBAD isolates bad disk sectors 7 Print fancy page headings USERS DISK 4 1 CBIOS custom bios for Tandon drives 2 ZCPR dynamite CCP checks drive A for missing COM files improved commands 3 ZCPRBLOC identifies CCP location USERS DISK 5 1 CAT disk cataloging routines 2 Modem 7 for Port A 3 Modem 7 for Port B 4 PACMAN the arcade game 5 FAST buffers the disk to speed up assemblies 6 NOLOCK removes BB 1 shift lock 7 VERIFY cleanup amp verify a flaky disk 8 DUMPX enhanced for BB 1 9 UNLOAD create HEX file from COM file USERS DISK 6 1 REZ 8080 Z80 disassembler TDL mnemonics 2 PRINTPRN prints Crowe listings 3 RUNPAC run time utility package for 8080 assem bly language programs Has 51 functions Includes source which assembles under ASM USERS DISK 7 1 CHNGPFM PFM monitor mods 2 TERM terminal routines let you set up BB as simple terminal as a file receiver or as a file sender 3 Checkbook balancing package 4 Disk Utilities copy to memory from memory and dump USERS DISK 8 ees custom BDSC I O for BB 1 both h and c 2 YAM Yet Another Modem program in source amp COM form Turns BB into paging intelligent terminal complete with printer interface baud rates to 960
142. ook ahead OTHELLO COM You learn it in minutes master it in years BIO COM Generates custom graphic biorhythm MM COM Master Mind WUMPUS COM Classic wumpus hunting KayPro Disk K4 dventure This disk contains one 191K game Adventure ADV COM This is the latest greatest most cussed adventure ever devised by half mortals This is the 550 point version so the cave is greatly expanded and the creatures are much smarter KayPro Disk K5 MX 80 Graphics A complete MX 80 graphics package including example files KayPro Disk K6 Word Processing Utilities A powerful line oriented text editor that looks like Unix s EX plus a scad of text utilities written in C which handles pretty printing shortening a file multiple space output add tabs remove trailing whitespace and more Also includes ROFF COM a very neat text formatter KayPro Disk K7 Small C Version 2 Compiler This is a greatly extended version of F Ron Cain s Small C compiler Version 2 has more expressions and larger library true subset of Unix C Disk contains compiler documentation and library everything you need KayPro Disk K8 Small C Version 2 Source This disk contains the source written in Small C of the Small C version 2 compiler Get K8 if you want to try extending the compiler You must have K7 KAYPRO USERS DISKS for KayPro II 4 and 10 The following are full disks of software assembled for the KayPro Each program has a DOC do
143. or U2 U3 28 pin 600 mil low profile side wipe Resistors s for U12 22 pin 400 mil low profile side wipe R1 R2 R7 R10 Plugs Jacks and Pins R12 R13 R16 10K Ohm 1 4W 5 R3 5K Ohm 20 turn trim pot J1 2 x 20 025 sq pin male 1 x 1 spacing R4 R8 3 3K Ohm 1 4W 5 P1 2 x 20 female plug for 025 sq pins R5 7 x 4 7K Ohm sip resistor pack 8 pins jumpers 8ea 025 sq gold wirewrap posts R6 10K Ohm 20 turn trim pot R9 R15 4 7K Ohm 1 4W 5 Cables R11 560 Ohm 1 4W 5 RW 1K Ohm 1 4W 5 Power cable 15 x 3 cond 26 cable R17 2 2K Ohm 1 4W 5 Speaker cable 2 cond 26 cable length as required EATE a EE RR E E EEOSE EE Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 9 The Xerox 820 II and the Dynadisk By Clarence Peckham After owning a Xerox 820 II for over a year I was ready for some form of mass storage other than floppy disks The problem was not one of storage capacity I m using 8 inch double density drives but one of performance One obvious so lution was to add a winchester subsys tem However the winchester was out due to the high cost The next solution was a solid state disk A solid state disk is a me dium cost storage system with perform ance in the 125 KB sec range and zero access time It seemed ideal Most of the solid state disk systems available in the marketplace are de signed for S100 applications The one unit I found which was usable was the Dynadisk from LA Software Tony Ozre lic is the
144. or both There s also a parallel port with a parallel printer driver The ATR8000 inferfaces to an RS 232 terminal or to an ATARI home computer Software includes a program that allows the ATR8000 to use CP M disks from other comptuers The ATR8000 can be upgraded to also run CP M 86 and MSDOS by adding CO POWER 88 Bigboar ad Dual Density We ve just released a new version Hardware Software V 061983 e 8 SSDD disk storage is 674k DS is e A daughter board that plugs into the e One 8 version includes the code to twice as much 54 is 183k 1771 socket With this board the system make a 60k double density CP M for Includes DDINIT for SD and DD initial employs automatic density select 8 SS 2 5 MHz 8 DS 2 5 MHz izing and DDSYSGEN for DD sysgening Instructions tell how to run 5 drives gt ER T l 9 DSa MHz e Special features have been added in A 50 34 pin disk drive adapter board is i cluding a deluxe pause screen print included with 5 disk orders e Printer drivers are built in selectable in and clock the IOBYTE e Source code is available for 25 after Price 149 95 e Easy to change port parameters you sign a disclosure agreement For orders We accept MasterCard Visa money orders or checks Ship ping charges and applicable taxes will be added Call or write for delivery time Trademarks CO POWER 88 ATR8000 SWP Inc 280 Zilog CP M CP M 86 Digital Research Inc IBM PC IBM MSDO
145. or value out ddata a now get buffer address and set up for r w pop hl 1d e hl inc hl ld d hl de address pop hl hli address of cmd Listing continued on page 12 hE TE a E Eh a I Si a Lh EEE a Nae OA a eee Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 11 XEROX 820 DYNADISK INTERFACE continued into the monitor depending on which in terface is installed in the 820 II Adding a disk driver for the Dynadisk turned out to be an easier task than I ex pected if you overlook the two months spent disassembling the monitor Each driver has a single entry point and is re quired to handle three requests select read and write The read and write re quests read or write one sector of infor mation from the track and sector con tained in the command block The select request has to do nothing except return the address of the CP M disk descriptor block The listing contains the complete driv er code required to support the Dyna disk as drive E on an 820 II Note that the sector translate routine is not required by the Dynadisk but it is required by the warm boot routine in the 820 II CBIOS Usage The best way to use the Dynadisk is to bring the system up using a floppy and then copy any compilers and editors you will be using to the Dynadisk and swap the A and E drives using the swap pro gram which is an 820 II utility SWAP A E Then all of the disk accesses will be done using the Dynadisk
146. ord EMI filter 7OCFM fan with washable dust filter line fuse power switch on rear panel P2904 removable module power supply 5 3A 42 5A 12 5A for computer 5 2 5A 24 2 5A 4A peak 5 25A for disk drives Includes power cable from power supply to computer unter minated wires at computer end and power cable to 2 disk drives specify single or double sided drives when ordering POWER SUPPLY amp ENCLOSURE AVAILABLE SEPARATELY INIECR4IND 8620 Roosevelt Ave Visalia CA 93294 209 651 1203 We accept BankAmericard Visa and MasterCard The Little Board Quantity One 349 RP M By the author of Hayden s CP M Revealed The world s simplest and least expensive single board computer New resident console processor RCP and new resident disk operating system RDOS replace CCP and BDOS without TPA size change User 0 files common to all users user number visible in system prompt file size and user assignment displayedby DIR cross drive command file search paged TYPE display with selectable page size SUBMIT runs on any drive with multiple command files conditionally invoked by CALL An automatic disk flaw processing mechanism isolates unuseable sectors For high capacity disk systems RDOS can provide instantaneous directory access and delete redundant nondismountable disk logins RPMGEN andGETRPMautomatically self install RP M on any computer currently running CP M 2 2 S
147. ord but since records can be fields of records variants can be nested Again since the variant part must be last the end terminating the record definition suffices to terminate the variant case statement For many Pascal compilers pointer types cannot be manipulated as integers even though at the binary level they are both 16 bit values The variant record typein example 4 allows manipulation of the pointer s value as ptr_var int and use of it as ptr_var ptr To sum up for variant records it s all in how you look at the data Turbo Tips Those of you who have seen the re view of Borland International s Turbo Pascal in Micro C issue 16 will know that I have a very high opinion of this new native code Pascal system Because of the product s reasonable price stand ard syntax and superb performance and the uncertainty of support for the other low priced Pascal compilers I will be presenting most of my examples in Turbo Pascal As I come up with bits and suggestions on how to use Turbo effec tively they will be included in this sec tion of the column Turbo allocates storage for static varia bles globals and locals for non recursive procedures at compile time Because of this a Turbo generated COM file will not run on another machine with a smaller transient program area or on the same machine if part of the TPA is used Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 by another program like SUBMIT or DD
148. ource program assembly listings of RCP and RDOS appear in the RP M user s manual Substantial Quantity discounts available 4mHz Z80At CPU 64K RAM Mini floppy controller On board 12V converter Two RS232 serial ports e Parallel printer port e Only 5 75 x 7 75 inches Screws directly onto a mini floppy drive All this FAC COMPUTERS INCORPORATED 67 East Evelyn Ave Mountain View CA94041 415 962 0230 SBASIC Column continued book will be the source of many useful SBASIC routines if you take the time to do the minimal translation necessary With the above routines the getkey function is easy to accomplish Getkey simply accepts a key and tests it Before the test getkey will change small letters to capitals if desired The ASCII codes for small letters are 32 great er than the ASCII codes for their corres ponding capital characters If the key tests OK then getkey returns to the calling routine Getkey also sets the global variable ch equal to the re sult of getkey This allows the calling routine to use the value later Role Model The last thing we want to do before we jump into input4 is provide an input line for the operator to see when entering da ta The mask function will build an input line called a mask from the model sent to it as a parameter It builds the mask character by character substituting un derlines for positions occupied by mem bers of the format_set and pri
149. pages of letter size sheets for 3 ring binder covering the aspects of S Basic Programming with references to M Basic Send 20 00 money order to cover cost for copying and mailing to Sven Erlandsson 3268 Leon Brisebois lle Bizard Quebec Canada H9C 1W2 Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 PROGRAMMER 4 A LOW COST ALTERNATIVE TO EPROM PROGRAMMING Reads and programs 2716 2732 2764 and 27128 EPROMS Reads 2 16K ROMS Direct connect to any RS232C terminal or computer Plug selectable as either a data set or data terminal All voltages made on board no power supplies needed User supplies power Xformer 25 2 to 30 VAC C T 1 Amp Power electronically switched can t damage EPROMS Zero insertion force socket for EPROM Programs verifies and dumps in both ASCII and hex Edit buffer like DDT Saves hex and or image files to and from disk Saves or loads all or partial buffer Completely menu driven for ease of operation Commands of Test Read Display Save Load Program and more Check sum calculation All software on disk including well commented source code Detailed owners manual including schematic All chips socketed Not a kit Completely built and tested 48 hour dynamic burn in and test before shipment 90 day limited warranty on parts and workmanship 24 hour return policy on repairs Delivery from stock NOTICE TO PREVIOUS CUSTOMERS Send us your old
150. port and training as well as access to people with test equipment It s very difficult for us to help you service your system by phone especially if you have no test equipment We wouldn t dream of tackling our own systems with out at least a logic probe And much of what we can tell you on the phone we ve already covered in the magazine 5 If you are totally in a bind with no where else to turn then call us But be fore you pick up the phone Try to get as much information about the problem as possible When does it happen When doesn t it happen Is it heat sensitive Is it consistent Have you tried swapping parts Have your tried the ice bag trick on all the chips includ ing your new Z80B Can you undo things you did one by one and get it to work again Did you take any shortcuts Meanwhile you really need some way of seeing what is happening inside the cir cuit a scope or logic probe Now have the system in front of you preferably messing up take a test probe in your left hand the phone in your right hand and then call us no fair swapping hands A A SS E ETET 52 Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 WANT ADS The following folks are reaching you for only 20 cents per word If you would like to reach the same audience send your words and 20 cents for each to Mi cro Cornucopia Protect your schematics Heavy duty vi nyl sheet protector 11X17 3 hole punched perfect for BB schemati
151. r vices Both are good groups to know and patronize The FIG Z 80 Listing FIG produces fig FORTH listings for just about every micro in existence Tens of thousands of these listings have been sold making fig FORTH a familiar dia lect of FORTH Most vendors start with fig FORTH and then customize to FORTH 79 FORTH 83 etc adding their own enhancements Each listing costs 15 either from FIG or from MVP One of the latest listings is for the Z 80 Dennis Wilson has taken 8080 fig FORTH and translated it into Z 80 mne monics The port store and fetch words were modified to use the register C indi rect form The Zilog 2 byte relative jump was inserted wherever possible to re Figure 1 BDOS Calls Through FORTH CODE FDOS BC P HL POP DE POP BDOS CALL HL PUSH AL LD O H LD HL PUSH NEXT END CODE place the Intel 3 byte absolute jump The CP M interface has been extended but still uses BIOS calls and direct sector I O If you have a Z80 system and a Z80 assembler I would recommend buying the Z80 rather than the 8080 listing However I m disappointed in the lack of customization For example the 16 bit subtract instruction wasn t used CMOVE doesn t use LDIR and many other common changes were neglected No Visible Support Software As mentioned in an earlier column Mike Perry and Henry Laxon distribute their public domain FORTH 83 software through this company I purchased the 8080 CP M
152. ram board that uses 5V at 2A and plugs into BB1 s parallel interface J5 It comes with auto patching software that makes it look like an 8 SS SD disk drive to CP M It uses 4164 ram chips regular TTL and transfers data 8 10 times faster than a regular floppy See Micro C 9 for a description and MC 11 fora review of dynaDisk FOR 49 95 YOU GET 81 2 by 61 4 bare PC board Software on 8 SS SD floppy SOURCE INCLUDED Assembly amp Operation Manual BARE BOARD ONLY 39 95 820 OWNERS 820 11 OWNERS Your hardware will work with minor modifications Software patches are included in the manual for 820 Il owners DO IT YOURSELF CROSS ASSEMBLERS LANGUAGE TRANSLATORS STRUCTURED LANGUAGES ALL IN ONE 39 95 PROGRAM Use the XLT Macro Processor as a pre processor to your favorite assembler and do the job right To translate a file of definitions is read by XLT and com pared to the input text A match causes the input text to be replaced with the definition s contents XLT allows up to ten arguments in a definition arguments containing spaces or tabs incremen ting decrementing strings a stack and conditional text replacement e Includes definitions to translate Z80 to 8080 mnemonics and vice versa and definitions to imple ment CSAL a C structured assy language allowing code like add a hi to be written a hl XLT users can pool their definitions via the XLT Userg Group
153. rn After all this they review JRT Pascal and benchmark it against SBASIC No indication of the programs they ran though they called them time trails Yep trails which may mean it was a foot race So we turn to the other 33 pages in this mag Here you can purchase at discount a Gemini 10X that they say retails for 499 retail is really 399 and which they will sell for 339 95 The usually mail order price for this printer is between 269 95 and 299 95 It also ap pears that they are selling a public do main accounting package for 199 95 without manuals For another 149 95 they ll send you the documentation They also sell a Kaypro II monitor ROM with a custom sign on You get 23 characters on the first line and 17 on the second This is very interesting since I designed a custom monitor ROM for the Kaypro II with 23 characters on the first line and 17 on the second When you design something in this business you never know who will wind up selling it The KIPS people included an advertis ing cover letter just in case we might want to put our ad in their magazine The letter noted that they would be glad to run any editorial material we wrote about ourselves if we bought advertis ing I may be old fashioned but that s definitely not my idea of ethical journal ism PRO 8 Dana and I have gotten some calls from people who are trying to use the PRO 8 copy programs to copy on
154. s cr 86 DISKS 8 SSSD KAYERO DISKS for the ll 4 amp 10 5 SSDD ae aaa ISSUES Siren ITEMS O Check or money order enclosed Make checks payable to US funds only payable on a US bank MICRO CORNUCOPIA ENCLOSED Prices include media package 1st Class postage Air Mail for Other Foreign Card No O Visa O MasterCard Signature NAME gt o f PHONEO ADDRESS CITY S STATE ZIP MICRO CORNUCOPIA P O Box 223 Bend Oregon 97709 503 382 8048 E e EE BACK ISSUES 3 00 each US CAN MEX 5 00 each Other Foreign ISSUE NO 1 8 81 Power Supply RAM Protection Video Wiggle PFM PRN 16 pages ISSUE NO 2 10 81 Parallel Print Driver Drive Motor Control Shugart Jumpers Program Storage Above PFM 14 PFM PRN 16 pages ISSUE NO 3 12 81 4 MHz Mods Configuring Modem 7 Safer Formatter Reverse Video Cursor FORTHwords begins 16 pages ISSUE NO 4 2 82 Keyboard Translation More 4 MHz Mods Modems Lync and SIOs Undoing CP M ERASE Keyboard Encoder 20 pages ISSUE NO 5 4 82 Word Processing Two Great Spells Two Text Editors Double Density Review Scribble A Formatter 20 pages ISSUE NO 6 6 82 BB I EPROM Programmer Customize Your Chars Double Density Update Self Loading ROM Terminal in FORTH 24 pages ISSUE NO 7 8 82 6 Reviews of C Adding 6K of RAM Viewing 50 Hz On Your Own begins 24 pa
155. s 115 M68K Single Board Computer Educational Microcomputer Systems EMS PO Box 16115 Irvine CA 92713 6115 714 553 0133 ann CP M 2 2 LICENSE AND SUPPORT CP M 2 2 License and disk for Scull Tek Big Board Reconfiguration of above for BBI Xerox 820 8 SSSD or Xerox 820 5 SSSD CP M Manuals eee eee e seen cree eens SWP dual density board SWP dual density board with CP M CS ee ey Other CP M configurations Custom CP M development ROM Development ROM modification ROM copying and consultation on CP M are available CP M Public Domain Software We have CPMUG RCPM and SIGM disks ENY ay for 5 00 each on Wabash 8 SSSD 10 disks with catalogs and abstracts on them for 50 00 Write for quote on entire collection c Wabash 8 inch SSSD diskettes gales 10 for 30 00 lt gt Wabash 5 inch SSSD diskettes ees eeueee 10 for 28 00 Line Check Board for RS 232 C Inserted into the line it will monitor the seven commonly used signals PC Board 7 00 PC Board and parts kit 21 00 Assembled and tested 26 00 a Call or write for catalog which describes the above and other items in more detail WILCO ENTERPRISES P O BOX 395 e NAUVOO ILLINOIS 62354 217 453 2345 Add 2 shipping to all orders Illinois residents add 6 sales tax Mastercard Visa CP M is a
156. s package Plot points lines circles boxes and more Examples docu mentation and more a Kaypro Disk K20 Color Graphics Routines PACMAN COM This is a deluxe version of pacman for MicroSphere s color graphics board PIE COM Pie chart generator SKETCH COM An easy way to sketch color graphic designs You can even use a joystick with this software see Micro C issue 15 for joystick interface Kaypro Disk K21 os X SBASIC Routines amp Screen Dump ES s SBASIC Finally a disk of SBASIC software There are some good examples of structured programming on this disk including one program written both ways so you can see the difference SCREEN DUMP This is a scre n dump for the Kaypro II and older 4 any system without graphics You can buy a similar package else where for 60 Kaypro Disk K22 Fancy ZCPR This ZCPR lets you pass any control charac ters to your system they aren t trapped like the old version Also this version comes with installation routines for every Kaypro now on the market including the 4 84 and the 10 We have something special for your Kaypro ROMs from Micro Cornucopia There are two ROMs in each Kaypro a monitor ROM and a character ROM The Monitor ROM supplies information for the Z80 processor on such things as how to get information from the disk drives and which character to use as a cursor The character ROM works entirely in the video circuit and it de
157. st_name array 1 20 of char strange_record record initial char recordname string 23 end case which selector of this number real that yes_or_no boolean another nest record a integer b real e string 12 end example 2 end type person_name record example 4 case whole boolean of i e true entire_name array 1 41 of char type false last_name array 1 20 of char ptr_trick record first_name array 1 20 of char case data_type char of initial char It int integer end Pt ptr integer or whatever end var american gallifreyan lower_slobovian person_name var ptr_var ptr_trick 14 Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 accessed as either a single character ar ray or as two smaller arrays and a char depending on the value of the field whole Maintenance and use of the tag field is the responsibility of the program mer NOT the compiler In my example 2 even if ameri can whole true the variable ameri can initial can be modified without re striction The tag field should be used by the programmer in IF or CASE state ments to control proper access to the rec ord s variant fields Variant fields do not have to be the same length but the compiler will allo cate variable space for the longest vari ant The variant fields can be of entirely unrelated types The variant record part must be the last field in the rec
158. stores the flag regis ter This interrupt processing makes software interrupts more like a call than an interrupt and in some respects easier to use As a matter of fact most CP M func tions are supported in MS DOS by the same function numbers The main dif ference is that in MS DOS the DOS in terrupt type is 21 Thus a program writ ten in assembly language for CP M 86 will be transportable to MS DOS with very few modifications Getting Started It is hard to get your feet wet ina new programming environment For me the easiest way was to modify existing code When you are working on different ways to make a program leaner or more ele gant it is really easy to learn the new in structions one at a time and understand their effects You might also try translating your fa vorite CP M 80 utility to work under CP M 86 This method provides the in centive if the utility is really worth while to get you over the new process or hump High level language compilers can also be used to generate models for assembly language program ming You can compile a small program using the Small C 86 compiler and then take a close look at the assembly lan guage output If the speed improved instruction set and generous memory capacity of the 86 is not enough to entice you to try your 16 bit wings consider the future You may not agree that the 8 bit machine is dead as some will tell you but one thing is for sure the 16 bit
159. t The amount of CP M 86 software contributed to Micro Cornucopia has not increased since we put out the three Slic er disks about 6 months ago After speaking with some of you I have the im pression that many programmers are uneasy with the prospect of starting anew in this 16 bit environment I can certainly understand your appre hension about abandoning your bag of CP M 80 tricks but you don t have to start over from the beginning Actually the CP M 86 environment frees you from a lot of the routines you developed for CP M 80 because of the incredible ca pabilities of the 8088 8086 and 80186 mi croprocessors hereafter called the 86 The Documentation CP M 86 comes with three separate manuals The User Guide explains PIP ED and the basic operating system com mands The Programmer s Guide covers ASM86 and DDT86in considerably more detail than the CP M 80 documentation Technical information on the CP M 86 operating system is in the System Guide which covers system generation system interface and memory manage ment This manual is not much better than the CP M 2 2 interface and altera tion guides but it provides most of the needed information if you are already familiar with CP M 80 The CP M 86 assembler Probably the greatest concern is the assembler ASM certainly left a lot to be desired which is probably why most CP M 80 assembly language program mers bought MicroSoft s M80 assem bler ASM86 is a d
160. t easier to part with than the time neces sary to key in this long listing The only two other Z8000 FORTHs that I know of are the cross compiled source from Inner Access and UN IFORTH hosted on the SBS single board computer These two latter systems are both vendor supported and may be bet ter choices for businesses Hardware News The March issue of Byte ran an ad on page 510 for Cyber Robotics America They are introducing the CYBER 310 a 1200 robot arm controlled by FORTH software I was wondering how long it would take for a commercial robotics firm to discover FORTH I ve wanted to put FORTH on the Heathkit Hero since its introduction but just never had the time Proa Corp has introduced FD v 5 n 5 their Proatrol Single Board Computer using the Rockwell FORTH chip This 495 board is 5 by 8 and contains an RS232 serial port 16K bytes of memory 8 channels of A D and several other I O ports If someone ever gets hold of one of the development systems using the Rockwell chip I would be interested in receiving timings on the benchmarks published in one of the earlier FORTHwords columns Nn a a a he eT A uuu 28 Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 The Slicer Intel s 8086 family is not really suited to FORTH because of its lack of stacks and proper addressing modes Howev er the 80186 is an enhanced CPU that has a separate address calculation sec tion and an optimized multiply divide circu
161. t board layout tools and prototyping services and H19 and IBMPC emulation NEC Extended character set C Itoh has same set just re arranged 20 RSS HELE at i koyde PAYNTOSK Sav APE NAI EU TAZ O THWV A ESL OK OTIS mo tae ane 8 l E E tok IL eo ey A pa eee T S The Ultimate Video Mod cccccccccscscccccccesecevsssneeeedl 89 00 Perfect Writer wee e ence ee e 0 9209 00 Cash price with U S shipping Visa MC Net30 add 3 COD 6 Dealer inquiries invited quantity discounts available Widener Consulting 2835 NE Brogden Hillsboro OR 97124 503 648 0363 45 Parallel Pulse Stretcher When implementing King s parallel printer interface in issue 14 I did not have the ECG 220 FET A local parts house had the item stocked but at a price of 4 50 each It seemed to me that a 2N2222 transis tor should work in the circuit The lower input resistance could be compensated for by using a larger capacitor I substi tuted a 01 for the 470pf capacitor and a 2N2222 for the FET I also used a 1N4148 1N914 for the diode because it s what I had The circuit gives a strobe pulse of about 5ms and works fine with my Pro writer printer I didn t make any attempt to optimize the capacitor value The ca pacitor value may not be correct for all printers but it seems fine in my system Cliff Nunnery 313 Vaughn St Fort Walton Beach FL 32548 Figure 1 Parallel Pulse Stretcher Oluf oDAV2 disc
162. ted PAL code is not DEPARTS available We have modified XDRIVE a public domain RAM disk software a a eR a RN ate a Se Rickie package to run with the 820 256K By the end of the 2nd quarter we Very legible C size 820 schematics set of six drawing willhave a CACHE BIOS melded with ZCPR that will give you nearly all STD BUS connector for BBII the flexibility of CPM at a fraction of the cost CRYDOM 312 OV switching SSR i Complete 820 Docamentation Package KIT W O RAM 820 CBIOS amp Rom monitor source T 2 5 Mhz AGT 250 nS RAM CP M Primer Xerox CP M handbook 3 a 4 0 Mhz A amp T 150 nS RAM 8 Dual Drive Cable 17 4 NEW MONITOR ROM SOURCE amp XDRIVE SOFTWARE DB25S to 26 Pin Header 18 Long AMP Mini Jumpers for easy configuration RP EE u37 9 64k DRAM u36 ask oran u35 u34 u33 u32 C28u31 Lea onam 2u30 4 74157 C41 l l 4 l c c35 u27 64K DRAM u26 1u25 CT u23 1 CIS y24 l 4 l uir S 64K DRAM u16 ule u12 uI 0u10 Ct yor C5 yos C8 uos hes crs C8 y 13 M 4 f RP 7415245 4i 2 uo 2u00 if 3 23D N u oon oO a o l c o Ee c38 D l C23u22 Qe RPS 4 u42 c39 c40 J vos Tu03 C2tyo2 p i l TS nis magma maka e o aR ITAD URE Sr BARE BOARD amp DOCUMENTATION UNINTERRUPTABLE POWER SUPPLY UPS 5 200 s4 95 5V 8 5 AMPS 12 V 7 2 AMPS 12V 5 AMP 24V 2 AMPS 4A Pk E ACCOMMODA
163. tep rate W10 W11 W12 and W14 should be left open 3 Drive select is done by W1 W4 If this will be drive A then jumper W1 if B jumper W2 The rest of the board should be jumpered correctly as shipped 4 Be sure you power down the sys tem after setting the jumpers The on board processor only checks the jumpers at power up 5 You may have to hit the reset button a few seconds after you power up since these drives take a while to check them selves out 6 Remember the COPY programs will usually only run at 2 5 MHz So far however the older Tandon 100 4 as well as the TEAC and CDC quad density units have been flawless and we ve gotten no reports of problems with any of the double and single sided 48 tpi drives TEAC The TEAC drives have the ribbon con 12 monitor 40 80 column option and great contrast This is an excellent choice Special Limited Offer MicroSphere Inc P O Box 1221 Bend OR 97709 503 388 1194 9900 nectors mounted upside down from oth er drives so you might wind up finding that your drive data cable is too short if you have one TEAC drive and one Tan don If they are both TEACs then you are OK CDC On these drives be sure to jumper M Also jumper the drive number 1 for drive A 2 for drive B and so on Four Drives on the 4 All of the PRO 8 monitor ROMs we ve shipped in the last 2 months support 4 drives as well as 2 see there is such a
164. termines what the characters look like on the screen for instance does the f have a high small cross bar or a lower longer one of the Micro C character ROM When you speed up your Kaypro you are speeding up the processor clock so you have to use a monitor ROM that will also run at the higher speed You are not changing the video clock when you speed up the Kaypro so you don t need to change the character ROM unless you want the nicer looking character set Since the monitor ROM tells the processor how to do disk accesses you are going to have to change that ROM in order to upgrade to larger drives Pro Monitor II for Kaypro Il 1 This ROM is a fast part so you can run 4 or 5 MHz with your Kaypro II 2 It gives you a non blinking block cursor much less irritating though you can specify a standard blinking underline if prefer it 3 It does faster disk accesses even if you don t speed up your system 4 It throws away null characters those little asterisks that sometimes garbage the screen during data communications 5 Includes complete printed instructions for simple plug in installation takes 5 minutes Pro Monitor 4 for Kaypro 4 This ROM does everything the Pro Monitor II does only it s for a Kaypro 4 Though the ROM that comes in your Kaypro 4 will run 4 or 5 MHz unlike the ROM that comes in the II this ROM also gives you 1 Non blinking block cursor 2 Faster disk accesses 3 Throws away null char
165. the system will boot off the floppy the win chester light will not come on If yours will not boot off the floppy then you need to get the free upgrade kit from your dealer The update package includes a new monitor ROM and a disk of new soft ware However the ROM they send is a 250ns part 2732A 25 while the ROM that came in the 10 was rated at 200ns 2732A 20 The first replacement ROM that I got wouldn t run at all so I swapped it for another and the second one seemed to work fine After I put the lid on the system and started using it it got flaky It would lock up sometimes ignoring the keyboard other times it would just reboot with no warning So I erased the ROM that had come in my 10 and burned in information from the new slower ROM This cured the flakiness So if you are having random prob lems with a Kaypro 10 check the moni tor ROM U42 If it is a 250ns part you should see about getting a faster part Note that the monitor ROM is a little hard to find since it is tucked under the _drive cable In fact the cable may well be contributing to the heat problem so if you are desperate you might prop the cable up away from the ROM temporari ly while you re getting a new part This ROM problem makes me suspect that there are some hardware timing problems on the Kaypro 10 A select line or a data buffer may be slow causing critical timing problems We ve found that IIs and 4s will be ab solutel
166. the real line which we can t get to because the resolution of the display isn t fine enough So we bounce around the real line guided by s Plot takes care of turning our line back into the the type of coordinates we started out with originally plus adding limits on how far the plotting goes so we don t overshoot the screen or start mak ing it scroll which will happen if we plot a point in the lower righthand corner of the screen Drawing Circles Circle is much the same as line in that we come close to the real line guided by an approximation in sector This function is invoked eight times for each circle the idea being that we can plot an eighth of the circle given and then mir ror image the plot by changing signs and swapping coordinates Comments Questions and References You will have to play with these algo rithms to get a feel for what they do Don t expect to understand them just by studying them Those of you who do play will see some problems which need correcting like scaling x and y axes so that the circles are less egg shaped GRAPH could use some improvement too There s no way to erase a line or undo a stored coordinate How about continued on next page Graphics Routines continued vector draw vector vector a b x0 y0 int a b x0 y0 int x y 3 x2y 0 start off at zero s a 2 as we sweep x s tells us when to bump y it is updated when
167. ticipate as he works his way through the designing coding and debugging of a number of complete CP M utilities in 8080 code You ll learn really good assembly lan guage programming methods you ll learn a lot about interfacing with CP M and you ll feel like you ve gotten to know a very interesting person You ll need to have some program ming experience first for he notes at the beginning If you are a complete novice at programming you might enjoy read ing this book but you will learn little from it It will probably seem that we are continually leaping from problem to conclusion without any intermediate steps The programs will seem to grow up of their own volition like plants If you have some experience with pro gramming perhaps in BASIC or Pascal things will make more sense The only complaint I have about the book is that Cortesi is writing in 8080 as sembly language rather than Z80 I mean who has an 8080 Of course any thing written for the 8080 will run on the Z80 but Z80 nmemonics are much easier to learn and the Z80 instruction set is more powerful However with my trusty little 8080 Z80 translator I can change all those source files into some thing more intelligible Meanwhile this is a super book and Cortesi has another book called System Programming Under CP M 80 which sounds very interesting After all The Programmer s Notebook is better reading than most novels A Programmer s Notebook
168. tin BASIC However each added function must be written in assembly language to be able to call CP M and request service There are three basic approaches to providing BDOS support in a FORTH system the vendor can implementa use ful subset and let the user code any missing functions that he needs this ap proach is used by UNIFORTH the ven dor can implement each and every func tion or the vendor can provide a general purpose BDOS calling word so that you can implement new functions from high level FORTH The first meth od is straightforward but requires short assembly language routines which many FORTH programmers try to avoid The second approach is impractical as 30 words would be defined and would take up unnecessary memory space By examining the CP M documenta tion you will find that CP M passes ar guments in DE and HL registers and re turns parameters in HL and A Therefore a general purpose BDOS calling word might always have two ar guments on the stack which would be popped into DE and HL before CP M was called Then HL and A would be left on the stack upon exit One version of this word is given below written in UN IFORTH s Z80 assembler See Figure 1 The big problem with this word is that it always looks for two input parameters and always returns two parameters If the particular function you are coding has fewer arguments than this you will have to include dummy arguments or drop retur
169. tion program SWITCHING POWER SUPPLY 50 o 5 volts at 20 amps o Fuly tested o Call for avalability C amp D ENTERPRISES 75 North Street Saco Maine 04072 207 282 4401 Add 2 for shipping SWP s CO POWER 88 makes Z80 CP M microcomputers IBM PC compatible CO POWER 88 is a 16 bit 8088 coprocessor for Z80 CP M 7 ag computers Both versions of CO POWER 88 128k and 256k be i RAM include both CP M 86 and MSDOS complete with poe ya w E IBM PC compatibility A facility for transferring data files between CP M and MSDOS is included Simple commands move system control between the Z80 and 8088 processors CO POWER 88 s RAM can be used in CP M as a RAM drive Cur rently available for Kaypro Bigboard Zorba Xerox Access Matrix Osborne and ATR8000 computers SEXSSSEL ES A Sannoane bgt 74 Jeenkaas RSE DS TEE Now available for Kaypro 10 and i 4 84 computers tf Y 128k CO POWER 88 and MSDOS 0000s 400 00 REFS 256k CO POWER 88 and MSDOS 08 500 00 ATR8000 SWP s 499 95 CP M Computer SWP s ATR8000 is a 64k RAM Z80A 4 MHz computer that includes double density CP M 2 2 The ATR 8000 runs up to four disk drives that are any mixture of size 5 and 8 type single sided and double sided and density single double and quad The ATR8000 has an RS 232 port for a modem or serial printer and includes software f
170. to about 2800 words Each spoken word or phoneme requires a two byte code to specify the word and its pitch The synthesizer module stacks on top of the Big Board and plugs into its gener al purpose parallel port The forty pin plug is extended above the board for those using the GPI O for printers or whatever The only restriction is that the Port A handshake not be used Port A may be used in Mode 3 and Port B may be used in any mode Even though the speech synthesizer was designed primarily for the Big Board it could easily be interfaced to any microcomputer with an eight bit parallel output port and handshake signals Software Speech can be initiated in two ways word at a time Word Mode or pho neme at a time Phoneme Mode From the standpoint of communications to the module these two modes differ only in data rate and address The following are the protocols for each mode 1 low byte of the word or phoneme is sent to Port A 2 voice module loads low byte and re turns handshake 3 GPIO interrupts CPU requesting high byte 4 CPU responds by sending high byte to Port A 5 module starts speaking 6 upon completion module returns handshake 7 GPIO again interrupts CPU signal ing end of speech 8 Repeat 1 7 for each word or pho neme One hardware requirement that the software must recognize is that the ready _ signal must load the high byte within 40 milliseconds after loading the low byte or the chip
171. to drive 1 AMP extraction tool a small screw driver can be used with care 1 pair of needle nose pliers 1 OHM meter or continuity tester 1 BIOS patch 820 only Procedure The first thing you should do is config ure the circuit boards on the disk drives There are two types of configuration jumpers on the 850 and 851 They both have a dip shunt fancy language for dual inline package jumpers which looks like an IC with metal straps across the top Figure 3 Xerox 820 Disk Parameter Code 3 FROM XEROX 820 CBIOS MAC IF DSKTY8 1 IN 6 INTERLEAVE FACTOR ECTAB DEFB 1 7 13 19 DEFB 25 5 11 17 DEFB 23 3 9 15 DEFB 21 2 8 14 DEFB 20 26 6 12 DEFB 18 24 4 10 DEFB 16 22 SECTOR TRANSLATE TABLE FOR STANDARD DISK PARAMETER BLOCK FOR STANDARD 8 FLOPPY 38 INCH DISK 418 Kings Way Mundelein Il 60060 312 949 7500 Some of the metal straps may be punched or cut You ll know when you have found the right part because the dip shunt package will have identifi cation letters or abbreviations for the various functions each of the metal straps controls Both the 850 and the 851 dip shunts should be configured the same according to the 820 and 820 II ser vice manual See Figure 1 You re almost done with the drive Now all you have to do is pull all of the little black two header pin shunts from the board and replace the following as shown in Figure 2 Replace the drives in the enclosure Now on to the cable mod
172. trademark of Digital Research Inc Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 Big Board and Xerox 820 EPROM programmer kit 75 00 Backed by our Money Back Customer Satisfaction Policy Programs 2516 2716 5 V and 2532 EPROMS Most users only require the above list so why pay for more Plugs into parallel port _ User friendly menu driven software written in BDS C with all 1800 lines of source code in cluded Now available in the the following packages Software and Documentation only 25 Software Documentation and Bare Board 55 Complete Kit 75 Demo Disk and Documentation refundable 5 Send for the package that suits your needs or for a free brochure describing all the features of our EPROM programmer Be sure to include 5 shipping charge for any of the packages above All prices are in U S funds New York Siate residents please add 7 sales tax Kenmore Computer Technologies 20 Landers Road Kenmore NY 14217 716 877 0617 o Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 ABLE II VT INTELLIGIENT STAND ALONE VIDEO TERMINAL WITH MANY HIGH END FEATURES ASK ABOUT OUR EMULATION SOFTWARE FOR USE UNDER CP M CP M is a TM of DIGITAL RESEARCH INC RT CLOCK VIDEO ATTRIBUTES ON SCREEN SET UP Easy Emulation A Very Powerful Low Cost Terminal Board 6502 CPU amp 6845 Video Controller 4K Control in 2732 EPROM Emulate or Customize with powerful download feature Cust
173. uous file names MDIR Displays files in all user areas on selected drive Many features MAKE MOVE PIP like utilities that make it easy to move files between user areas The famous disk cleanup and transfer routine that does just about everything you can do with TYPE ERA DIR and PIP UNSQ This is the latest greatest file unsqueezer Enter UNSQ and it will check every file on the disk All squeezed files will be unsqueezed 8 Users Disks 15 00 each OTHER GOODIES Screen Editor in Small C 39 00 _ A simple but full function screen text editor plus a text formatter all written in Small C by Edward Ream This package includes the editor and formatter COM files setup for the Big Board Small C itself and source code for all With the documentation this is over 400K on a flippy disk Edward is selling this package for 50 youcan buy it from us for 39 and Ed gets a royalty Where else can you get an editor a formatter aC compiler and source for all for under 40 More ROMS Fast monitor ROMs for speed freaks and our famous better than Texas character ROM V2 3 for screen freaks Fast Monitor ROM BB1 29 95 Deluxe Character ROM BB1 or Kay Pro susieci ects cote waved ss ase M68K Single Board Computer By Raymond L Buvel Abouta year ago I needed a computer based on the Motorola MC68000 micro processor but I didn t want to spend a fortune on it I
174. witch Ee 55 3Y ALL INCLUDE S amp H CASCADE ELECTRONICS Route 1 Box 8 Randolph MN 55065 507 645 7997 MN Res Add 6 Tax Credit Card Add 5 ANER N EE NR LOW COST DISK CONTROLLER NOW FOR BB amp BBII LESS THAN 10 COMPLETE SAVE WEAR AND TEAR ON YOUR DISK DRIVES AND FLOPPIES WITH THE MODEL 38801 ALL SOLID STATE RELAY SMALL ENOUGH TO FIT EASILY INSIDE YOUR DISK DRIVE THE 3861 CAN BE INSTALLED IN MINUTES YOUR BIG BOARD WILL THEN TURN YOUR DRIVES ON AND OFF AUTOMATICALLY AS THEY ARE NEEDED FEATURES SMALL SIZE 1 75 X 1 48 X 0 35 FAST INSTALLATION DIAGRAM INCLUDED ZERO CROSSING ELIMINATES ALL SWITCHING NOISE TRIAC OUTPUT NO MECHANICAL PARTS DVDT FILTER INCLUDED LOW COST ONLY 8 88 EACH 1 YEAR WARRANTY 38 DAY MONEY BACK GUARANTEE COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA 1619 SOUTH MINNIE STREET SANTA ANA CALIFORNIA 92707 714 547 4316 CALIF RES ADD 6 SALES TAX ADD 1 88 POSTAGE amp HANDLING PLEASE SPECIFY BB OR BB II BIG BOARD USERS SYSTEM MODIFIER PROGRAM 29 95 Manual only 3 Allows easier system modifications by not involving the system tracks Provides screen dumps and time display on demand through escape commands Automatically runs any program on a cold boot Includes both serial and parelel I O drivers Fully implements the IOBYTE Is all in a single program that loads into high memory and extends the PFM monitor Includes menu driven configura
175. wn It s drawn in positive logic lines are labeled and we ve tossed in hours and hours of careful checking for accuracy Then we added a Theory of Operation that s keyed to the schematic 2000 Micro Cornucopia P O Box 223 Bend OR 97709 503 382 8048 9 5 Pacific Time Monday Friday 1 On Your Own By David Thompson This is a definite departure from previous columns The idea for this On Your Own was triggered by a letter I received from Ralph Freshour of 7 Silver Eagle Road Rolling Hills Estates CA 90274 In that letter he mentioned that he had been publishing a newsletter for NEC 8001A s and then he mentioned that he was going to be terminat ing the newsletter Of course I had give hima call What follows are Ralph s comments about what happened I ve taken the liberty of doing some organizing and editing but then that s my job NEC newsletter A year ago I started a newsletter for the NEC PC 8001A computer The com puter is Z80 based and has two operating systems NECDOS and CP M 80 It seemed like a natural system to sup port since there were over 18 000 users in the U S and since there was very little technical support from the manufac turer When I bought the NEC I was very strapped for dollars so I bought it in modules I mean here was a machine I could buy as I could afford to plus it was reliable and CP M 80 compatible The newsletter was the same thing a
176. y reliable at 5 MHz with the 250 ns ROMs but the 10s will not work at 4 MHz with the same parts Sponge All of you with fans on your Kaypros and bells on your toes should remem J e Dot 2 o SELECT 6 From U7 l0 o SELECTA Syspie ee ui Figure 1 Original Kaypro Drive Select Figure 2 Select Circuit to Access 4 Drives with Pro 8 ber to check the little sponge filter behind the fan That little filter doesn t look like it would filter much but it sure can clog up When it does you get the noise but no action Just pull off the little plastic cover and rinse out the sponge That s all there is to it KIPS Ireceived a newsletter from Custom Electronics of Fresno California The newsletter is called KIPS Kaypro In formation Peripherals and Software and for 14 95 per year you are sup posed to get Periodical mailings of Hardware and Software tips from users nationwide You are also supposed to be able to purchase all kinds of Kaypro products at KIPS DISCOUNT PRICES Well KIPS is really just a 36 page cata log with 3 pages of tips In these three pages they cover the latest from Kaypro such as The Kaypro 10 has a built in 10 Meg hard disk The Kaypro 4 is a Kaypro II with dou ble sided double density disks No mention of the drives And that when you have a Kaypro you have the ability to dedicate the computer to any language you might want to lea
177. y wish You need the sword to get past the ogre by the way I d like to know what to do with the broken up skiff Dear Editor I dropped you this note just to let you know that I am happy to renew my sub scription to Micro C I have installed the 256K RAM on my BB I as described in issue 12 and it works fine At the same time Iinstalled the 4 MHz modification described in issue 1 It works fine too One thing readers should know about the 256K mod is that you must install all 256K RAM chips in order to run just as before It took me awhile to realize this One 64K segment is spread over the 4 rows R Warichet Av de la Jeunesse 4 1030 Bruxelles Belgium Dear Editor I would like to correct some informa tion in the letter from Charles Woodard published in issue 15 Yes I can supply parts and informa tion on MFE 8 floppies However the correct daytirne phone is 603 893 1921 The evening phone preferred calling time is 603 329 5838 Please see my Want Ad in this issue Richard H Breinlinger 51 Wash Pond Rd Hampstead NH 03841 2 Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 Dear Editor I have been salivating at the possibility of having a 5 MHz Hotrod Kaypro since I received the issue of Micro C June 1983 with your column describing the speed up modification First let me say that since performing the speed up operation two weeks ago I have been much happier with my com puter The perfor
178. yna ld hl begdyn start of code 9163 11 F80 ld de dyna Destination 0186 g1 8149 ld be enddyn begdyn length 8189 ED B ldir go to it G16B 3E 62 ld a G2 Select disk driver two 618D 32 F368 ld seltab a Store in table 6114 l F800 id bc ramdvr start of driver 9113 ED 43 F384 ld dvrtab bc Go stuff it Set up pio 0117 3E 8F ld a 8fh 3A side for r w 119 D3 69 out actl a 10 Micro Cornucopia Number 17 April 1984 nector J8 on the 820 II motherboard and the pinout is the same as J5 on the BBI Software Since I used a version of CP M for the BB I I was able to use all of the utility software that came with the Dynadisk Along with the necessary driver the Dynadisk comes with a format routine and an extensive test routine I had an early version of the Dynadisk driver rou tine so several changes were required before the driver software would work correctly Tony has since corrected and released a new version of the software The format program must be patched in order to work with the 820 II The HE XOUT routine used by the format pro gram is located in a different location in the 820 II monitor than in the BB I Change locations in DFORMAT COM with DDT 014D CDF3D2 should be CDFC1B 01F3 CDF3D2 should be CDFC1B This is the only change required to use the software distributed with the Dyna disk But in order to use the CBIOS that comes with the 820 II the next step was to write a driver routine

Micro Cornucopia

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents