Verification Report SolarChill B for domestic and “light” commercial
Contents
1. aree a S E LaS 14 ose User mantal ca 4sscietonstiznastnessancenvaisiekaansuanties ao e E EEE LE raa a E SEGE 15 8 1 5 Occupational health and environment seesseesseseeseeseesssreestesrerrersereresreeseesereereses 15 9 Liability exclusion a asvinsavecdienyesaa en saceasceasaanexsunseacdeanaaiaatanconieuaiieiestunteaie rr oi 16 10 Quality Ass ra Ce s cesses G ate et cate ee R E E E AEE el ee E 16 lt DANETV DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE 2 Introduction Environmental technology verification ETV is an independent third party assessment of the performance of a technology or a product for a specified application under defined conditions and quality assurance DANETYV is a Danish center for verification of environmental technology The verification is conducted under the verification protocol for the specific technology tested in accordance with the test plan 2 1 Name of product The product is the SolarChill B for domestic and light commercial use series 2 2 Name and contact of vendor SolarChill Project Coordinator Mr Janos Mat Contact 5106 Walden St Vancouver BC Canada VSW 2V7 Phone 1 604 327 0943 E mail jmate telus net 2 3 Name of centre verification responsible Danish Technological Institute Verification Center Refrigeration and Heat Pump Technology building 2 Gregersensvej DK 2630 Taastrup Denmark Verification responsible Emil Jacobsen EMJA e mail emil jacobsen t2. ra ea EE E a a E eik 8 Die EEC E R E R EE ES 8 5 4 Performance parameters for verification essssessssseesssessessesseetesstesseessrrsseessseeesseessrest 9 5 5 Additional patam tetS issis ens eneee ES ETE E a aS is 9 6 Existing d ta sores errira REA EAA EARE EREE 9 6 1 Summary of existing data seseseeseeeseeseesereerresstesrirrtsstestesteesteseserustessesstentensesstssreesesee 9 6 2 CUA of Gx 1S UT dalasi e E E E N ES 10 6 3 Accepted existing CaAta yecesissscevsscesevsescevasidneaasasud censanseeeeaasusasensasioesd easeaeaesasdavasiaateceaaiebeones 10 T WSSU Pl AN PEGE ICIS ses 0 00 lt 5 vvstanvs eomtumncaveieddansnansa NEEE EE N EEE E EEAS rR AEE 11 Teddy Test desis ieran E E ed eeees 11 Uses Reference analysis rrengana E A E EEEE EIS 11 T3 LIAM AG MAGI seis scevsqnsicdssmtianutnanetnsieacsadustbesasGnvenidestaans videiaseselensaousidaneentobebandaestanadevount 11 TA Quality ass Ur anne eis sa cvcdscicecsaiiavevensatsenansismeentsascavendasesoes EKER EERE a EEEE RATE EEEE ASE 11 Tds Test MSC eeen ensine E E E OS EEC ET E E SE 12 S 6211 0 ee ne nan er aera UPS eter eee ne ere mC eer ee 13 8 1 Performance parameter summary ssseseeeseeseesteeresressttsrertessetstesrenserseetrtestesereeresressesee 13 oN PE Pm 3 101 91 cr eee nea er ene emer en cen kee aaea iee eae S 14 8 1 2 Audits No audits were performed seictesascirdacussaduaanievaceravuccecpeeciacen ceases uaceuedales 14 S3 Deyan S eseina e a O aE
3. 68 7 94 DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE DANETV DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Test 3 Stable running test Malepunkter 12 04 2011 Start 15 33 13 04 2011 Stop 15 38 Duration 24 05 HH MM Ave ambient temperature C 32 1 M packages Ave Top C 4 9 Ave bottom C 3 6 Min temp C 0 5 Max temp C 8 Test 4 Holdover time 21 hrs 53 min Test 5 Half reload 6 hrs 45 min It is concluded that the SolarChill B refirgerator e Provides aadequate cooling of refrigerated products using solar power only with no battery storage e Conforms with all tested requirements except instructions for users on how to store food and ensure hygiene Evaluation of test data quality The data quality is evaluated to be at scientific level using measuring equipment with high accuracy thorough quality assurance procedures and adequate running in periods 8 1 1 Control data The procedure of data processing is repeated independently once by the test sub body and once by the internal reviewer This provides three independent results that are matched in order to secure correct results 8 1 2 Audits No audits were performed 8 1 3 Deviations The were no deviations from the test plan gt DANETV DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE 8 1 4 User manual The manuals for use and technical manuals for the SolarChill B refrigerator were read thoroughly and the description of the following topics was found suffi
4. ECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE 2 5 Expert group The expert group assigned to this verification and responsible for review of the verification plan and report documents includes Preben Munter PM SEAS NVE phone 45 7029 2457 e mail pm seas nve dk 2 6 Verification process Verification and tests were conducted in two separate steps by the Verification sub body and the Test sub body respectively The verification sub body is responsible for preparation and compilation of the Verification protocol and the Verification report The Test sub body is responsible for the test plan and the test report A DANETYV verification is issued after completion of the verification report The steps in the verification are shown in Figure 2 Verification auicscan an Ea Venticaon Ea Ee sub body pee Ea Ee Test ae Plan and E ai assessment e document E AY documen Verificate Expert Expert vA XP Ep QA PORA QA Figure 2 Verification steps 3 Description of the technology The following technology description is based on the workings of an existing prototype This description might not be applicable to future models but is intended to give the reader a basic idea of how the concept of SolarChill B solar powered refrigerators without battery storage work The SolarChill B refrigerator series provides cooling by the means of a DC compressor powered by an external PV array The cooling cycle is a Rankine vapor compre
5. Verification Report SolarChill B for domestic and light commercial use series DTI Refrigeration and Heat Pump Technology J no 1101 Test no 1 Type test w Version 1 1 lt DANETV DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE 1 Table of Contents 1 Table of Cin a esata tanked cect eee cbc desde lide ceeences cle eerie eee codeine 2 2 roduc BUNT Me ee E A E xeagetev cage ese ee ane 3 21 Name of UN aero ees as cess ee E E EEE TA E 3 2 2 Name and contact of Vendor ssc oece sis esac teed weal sae etasad tevecapedend te sassis iisas 3 2 3 Name of centre verification responsible si s0icsvvvcwessedesancsvsenasasanvsabonsiveaspsatdanrsenstessanenvuatesys 3 2 4 Verification and test organization eseeeeseseesessresrreerestrssesreestessrserestensesttesrenseesrnsreesesee 3 2 3 EST UD eese E EE E E E RE 5 20 WAP TCI POS ocd Sa ce see ey edad ee aaae iaa ea iaeia aE ES 5 3 Description of the technolo y sijsscsasesincsssnvpecvascanasiasseedeaastevedsisnassatasutdensasceedeaaspoesssanhvverdasneoentes 5 4 Description of the product 45 2iscikacscacencaselansana senna swadessaaseancinenansiaaanuantaaseiauasaencasoandeacenes ancaspiatees 7 5 Application and performance parameter definitions ee ee eeeeeeeeeneecneeceeeeeeeeeneessaeeeseeeees 8 Dole Matrix VAICES iscccssndesacerdaniieteadbedeesnabacgiabannevachsonusadagiadvastebeniasboaad daacdesssbaded aasaedacasebeeadeas 8 3 2 SAE BEUS sssastocasinuiencdvaspnetbdivcntsenetieiaswoins
6. b g S Pack 1 3 p 3 Pack 2 g 100 500 S Pack 3 E T_ice g Volt 50 400 Watt gt 0c 300 50 200 106 100 150 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Time days Test period From 040220 to 040308 Figure 4 The main test results from the upright prototype tested primo 2004 Similarly a test has been conducted on the SolarChill chest prototype at 30 C ambient temperature and has again shown the great potential of solar powered refrigerators 6 2 Quality of existing data Documentation of previous experiments exists but the experiments were not intended as an actual type test but more a final development and adjusting of the prototypes and a suggestion to a future type test 6 3 Accepted existing data Data from previous experiments is not usable for this verification process lt DANETV DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE 7 Test plan requirements 7 1 Test design The type test is based on existing standard WHO PQS E03 RF05 VP 2 20 05 2010 which is a standard for testing solar powered refrigerators and water pack freezers without battery storage The standard deal with performance quality and safety and includes tests for evidence of conformity power consumption day night test and the like As the above mentioned standard has been developed for verifying the performance vaccine coolers some alterations to the temperature requirements test packages and packing plan have been made Changes to temperat
7. cient e Operation of the system Installation Troubleshooting Occupational health and safety issues Service and maintenance Surveillance of the installation 8 1 5 Occupational health and environment The use of this product does not imply special health safety or waste issues gt DANETV DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Recommendations for verification statement It is recommended to issue a verification statement for SolarChill B refrigerators stating that the product is suitable and provides adequate cooling of refrigerated products using solar power only with no battery storage However it is important to notice that the product conforms with all tested requirements except instructions for users on how to store food and ensure hygiene Only one temperature rating and reference period was tested Therefore the following liability exclusions should be included in the verifications statement 9 Liability exclusion ETV verifications are based on an evaluation of technology performance under specific predetermined operational conditions and parameters and the appropriate quality assurance procedures DTI makes no expressed or implied warranties as to the performance of the technology and do not certify that the technology will always operate as verified The end user is solely responsible for complying with any applicable regulatory requirements 10 Quality assurance The test protocol test plan test report and verification r
8. d be reduced energy consumption better cooling performance etc Environmental Ready to market or prototype stage The product is the item produced product product process system or service and sold and thus the item that a based upon an environmental vendor submit for verification technology Environmental The practical application of The term technology is covering a technology knowledge in the environmental variety of products processes area systems and services Evaluation Evaluation of test data for a None technology product for performance and data quality Experts Independent persons qualified ona These experts may be technical technology in verification experts QA experts for other ETV systems or regulatory experts DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE DANETV Word DANETV Comments on the DANETV approach Matrix The type of material that the Matrices could be cooling product is intended for systems cabinets heat exchangers etc Method Generic document that provides An in house method may be used rules guidelines or characteristics in the absence of a standard if for tests or analysis prepared in compliance with the format and contents required for standards Performance The effects foreseen by the vendor None claim on the target s in the matrix of intended use Performance Parameters that can be documented The performance parameters must parameters
9. ed by the product The target of the product is Adequate cooling of refrigerated products using solar power only 5 3 Effects The effects are described as the way the target is affected The effect of this application is primarily Refrigeration of products without external power supply or batteries Secondarily the application will Improve food safety and food hygiene in developing countries Provide refrigeration technology to people with a need or wish to refrigerate food or drinks in parts of the world with no or unreliable electricity supply Provide a more reliable safer and cleaner form of refrigeration than kerosene refrigerators Provide a refrigeration technology that is environmentally friendly as it does not use any ozone depleting or potent global warming substances Improve on existing solar powered cooling technologies by bypassing the use of conventional lead batteries which have proven to be a major obstacle to the uptake of solar technology in developing countries lt DANETV DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE 5 4 Performance parameters for verification The ranges of performance relevant for the application as derived in Appendix 3 are presented below These ranges are used for planning the verification and testing only Concerning the performance of the PV array the following parameter is measured at different irradiation levels Ul curve Concerning energy use of the refrigerator t
10. eknologisk dk phone 45 7220 2323 Internal reviewer Bjarke Paaske e mail bjarke paaske teknologisk dk Phone 45 7220 2037 2 4 Verification and test organization The verification was conducted by Danish Technological Institute The test organization is shown in Figure 1 The verification was planned and conducted to satisfy the requirements of the ETV scheme currently being established by the European Union EU ETV Verification and tests was performed by Danish Technological Institute under DANETV under contract with Danfoss A S The day to day operations of the verification and tests was coordinated and supervised by TI personnel with the participation of the vendor The Subbody at TI test centre performed all testing during the verification DANETV DANETV Steering Committee DTI Organization Management DTI Test Centre Test Centre Verification sub body Test Centre Test sub body nie eal Laboratory Figure 1 Verification organization Table 1 Responsible personnel in test organization DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Unit in test organization Responsible DTI Dan ETV steering committee member Lars J ker DTI organization management Life science division Claus S Poulsen DTI Life science division Test Centre Verification subbody Emil Jacobsen DTI Life science division Test Centre Test subbody Bjarke Paaske DANETV DANISH T
11. en the compressors instantaneous cooling capacity exceeds the cooling demand energy is stored in the thermal energy storage as ice for later use Accordingly when the cooling demand is higher than the compressors cooling capacity or when the compressor is turned off additional cooling capacity is released from the thermal energy storage Solar Chill B 1 b Tests 32C Power Supply 230 V ac 8 hours ON 16 hours OFF etc 40T 1200 30 1000 206 800 t 8 ice bank e S t12 ambient 5 5 amp t13 pack top 10 600 t_14 pack mid a gt t15 pack bot E S Volt V 5 Watt gt 0c 400 kWh R T 10 200 1 0 31 70 2 0 33 74 3 0 32 72 4 0 33 75 206 0 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Date in September 2004 Test 040916 040921 Figure 3 Initial lab test of a SolarChill upright prototype at 32 C ambient temperature The temperature inside the compartment is between 2 5 and 7 5 C The compartment contained 10 kg of test packages gt DANETV DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE The temperature inside the refrigerator compartment is regulated by a mechanical thermostat with a sensor inside the cabinet The thermostat can be set by the user When the temperature gets to cold inside the compartment the compressor is stopped by the thermostat and vice versa 4 Description of the product The SolarChi
12. eport was reviewed by internal and external experts according to the Quality plan for the verification see table 4 Table 4 QA plan for the verification Reviewers TI Experts Plan document with application definition verification protocol and test plan EMJA PM Report document with test report and verification report EMJA PM Reviews were done using the TI review report template DANETV Appendix 1 Terms and definitions used in the verification protocol Terms and definitions used in the protocol are explained in table 1 Table 1 Terms and definitions used by the DANETV test centers Word DANETV Comments on the DANETV approach Analytical Independent analytical laboratory The test center may use an laboratory used to analyse test samples analytical laboratory as subcontractor Application The use of a product specified with The application must be defined respect to matrix target effect and with a precision that allows the limitations user of a product verification to judge whether his needs are comparable to the verification conditions DANETV Danish center for verification of None environmental technologies DANETV test center Preliminary name for the verification bodies in DANETV with a verification and a test sub body Name will be changed when the final nomenclature in the EU ETV has been set Effect The way the target is affected The effect coul
13. he following parameters must be measured Current Voltage Other performance parameters that are measured include Temperature in test packages Temperature in climate chamber Humidity in climate chamber All parameters are measured every minute and with a tolerance according to ISO 15502 5 5 Additional parameters Besides the performance parameters that are part of test result compilation of parameters describing and occupational health amp safety issues of the product and user manual were evaluated as part of the verification 6 Existing data 6 1 Summary of existing data Previously tests of both the current SolarChill B prototypes refrigerators have been conducted These tests primarily had the aim of final development and adjusting of the prototypes The SolarChill B upright prototype was tested in a climate chamber at a 25 C ambient temperature at DTI in Aarhus primo 2004 The compressor was powered by an external power supply simulating a PV array The cabinet was filled with 10 kg of test packs and the temperature measured inside 3 of the test packs The main test results from this test are shown in Figure 4 and show that the achievable temperature is adequate for food storage gt DANETV DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Solar Chill B 1 a Tests 25C Power Supply 24 V dc 8 hours ON 16 hours OFF etc 350 1000 30C 900 250 800 200 700 a 15C 600 gt T_am
14. is verification process 7 3 Data management Data storage transfer and control must be done in accordance with the requirements of the ETV Quality manual enabling full control and retrieval of documents and records 7 4 Quality assurance The quality assurance of the tests includes control of the test system and control of the data quality and integrity The test plan and the test report were subjected to review by the review group see Figure 2 gt DANETV DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE 7 5 Test report The test report follows the template of the TI Verification Centre Quality Manual 2 with data and records from the tests presented DANETV 8 Evaluation 8 1 Performance parameter summary Test 1 Type examination Identification Model MK 204 multizone Manufacturer Vestfrost Product type Refrigerator Country of origen Denmark Conformity assesment markings N A Temperature rating 32 C Interface requirements OK Terminals marked with polarity OK No specials tools required OK Terminals and connections isolated OK Materials Natural refrigerant OK Foaming agent OK Heavy metals PBDE etc OK Instructions Installation OK Guidelines for food storage and hygiene Not OK Maintenance tasks OK Preventative maintenance checks OK List of spare parts OK Ressource and recycling procedures OK Test 2 PV performance test results Radiation level w m2 100 500 700 U V 10 89 13 93 13 69 A 0 93 5
15. ll B refrigerator series is characterized by appliances having well insulated cabinets with internal ice storage and solar powered DC compressors without battery backup The compressors are filled with a natural refrigerant The ice storage is placed close to the evaporator and has the function of a thermal energy storage At the moment the SolarChill B refrigerator series consists of a lineup of two different models an upright type and a chest type with the possibility of more to come in the future The main specifications of the existing models are as follows Compressor Make and model Danfoss BD35F Refrigerant R600a isobutane Refrigerant charge 48 60 gr Speed range 2000 3500 RPM Operating voltage 12 24 DC Starting current lt 3A Displacement 3 cm Electronic control Make and model Danfoss AEO Operating voltage 10 45 V Cabinet chest type 160 1 Insulation 100 mm Dimensions 850 x 720 x 600 x mm Ice storage 17 5 kg Condenser Extrnal fin and tube Evaporator Cabinet upright type 200 1 Insulation PUR 80 mm Dimensions 1200 x 600 x 600 mm Ice storage 12 9 kg Condenser Extrnal fin and tube Evaporator Roll bond type lt DANETV DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE 5 Application and performance parameter definitions 5 1 Matrix matrices The matrix is the type of material the product is intended for Food and drinks 5 2 Target s A target is defined as the property affect
16. quantitatively in tests and that be established considering the provide the relevant information on application s of the product the the performance of an requirements of society environmental technology product regulations customers needs and vendor claims Procedure Detailed description of the use ofa The procedure specifies standard or a method within one implementing a standard or a body method in terms of e g equipment used Producer The party producing the product None Standard Generic document established by None consensus and approved by a recognized standardization body that provides rules guidelines or characteristics for tests or analysis Target The property that is affected by the Targets could be temperature product C energy kWh etc Test center test Sub body of the test center that None sub body plans and performs test Test center Sub body of the test center that None verification sub plans and performs the verification body Test testing Determination of the performance None of a product for parameters defined DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE DANETV Word DANETV Comments on the DANETV approach for the application Vendor The party delivering the product to the customer Can be the producer Verification Evaluation of product performance parameters for a specified application under defined conditions and adequate q
17. ssion refrigeration cycle with a natural refrigerant isobutane R600a as working fluid The PV array consists of 3 x 60 W modules providing 12 V DC which can be directly connected to the compressor gt DANETV BENEH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE The compressor is equipped with an electronic control with a build in adaptive speed control known as Adaptive Energy Optimizer AEO Thereby the compressor will stepwise speed up from low speed to maximum speed in increments of 12 5 RPM min If the power from the PV array is not sufficient the compressor will stop thereafter it will try to start every minute until the power is sufficient again The compressor also has a soft start feature thus requiring a low starting current The speed range of the compressor is 2000 3500 PRM The compressor is thus enabled to deliver a varying cooling capacity that accordingly utilizes most of the energy potential collected by PV array The characteristics of the PV array and the implementation of the adaptive speed control ensures that power from the PV array is delivered at the maximum power point MPP When there is no or negligible solar radiation during overcast days or during the nighttime the cooling demand is met by means of convection from a thermal energy storage that consists of ice The cooling capacity of the refrigerator is principally dictated by the amount of solar radiation being converted into power delivered to the compressor Wh
18. uality assurance None DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE lt DANETV DANISH TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Appendix 3 Application and performance parameter definitions This appendix defines the application and the relevant performance parameters application as input for verification and test of an environmental technology following the DANETV method A3 1 Applications A3 1 1 Matrix matrices Food and drinks A3 1 2 Target s The target of the product is Adequate cooling of refrigerated products using solar power only with no battery storage A3 1 3 Effects The effect of this application is primarily Refrigeration of products without external power supply or batteries Secondarily the application will Improve food safety and food hygiene in developing countries Provide refrigeration technology to people with a need or wish to refrigerate food or drinks in parts of the world with no or unreliable electricity supply Provide a more reliable safer and cleaner form of refrigeration than kerosene refrigerators Provide a refrigeration technology that is environmentally friendly as it does not use any ozone depleting or potent global warming substances Improve on existing solar powered cooling technologies by bypassing the use of conventional lead batteries which have proven to be a major obstacle to the uptake of solar technology in developing countries
19. ure are based on the existing European Standard EN ISO 15502 clause 6 changes to the test packages are made in accordance with clause 8 5 and changes to the packing plan are made in accordance with clause 13 3 These alterations have been made to ensure the verification of proper food safety and hygiene and relevance to the intended use of the product which is refrigeration of perishable foods and drinks EN ISO 15502 is a standard test of characteristics for household refrigerating cabinets Furthermore to give a better idea of how the refrigerator will perform in an actual setting only being powered by a PV array the voltage and current supplied from the PV array will be measured at the maximum power point at different solar radiation levels according to a solar radiation reference period The measured voltage and current will then be the values used when the refrigerator is supplied by an external power supply during different performance related tests carried out in a climate chamber Establishing the actual performance characteristics of the PV array prior to the tests in the climate chamber ensures that vendor claims are verified and that tests between different models and makes are comparable The solar reference periods used during the test of the PV array and the refrigerator performance tests is based on existing standard IEC 62124 which is a standard PV system design verification 7 2 Reference analysis No references are used for th
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