SWARM, Seismic Wave Analysis and Real-time Monitor
Contents
1. 2 1 25 The wave time series LLL oa o a a 11 26 Ge eR dad ok bow a GBP R ke dee Soe Hug we EE 26 ee a aCe EE ee eee EE 26 mame 27 11 A typical Real time Wave Viewer showing a just occurred microquake j 28 rare corer 28 13 World mapnmagel 0000000004 29 14 A 10 monitor layout LLL Luo A 30 1 Introduction 1 1 About SWARM Seismic Wave Analysis and Real time Monitor is a Java application designed to display and analyze seismic waveforms in real time Furthermore SWARM can be used as a much lower cost more functional replacement to the traditional helicorder Seamlessly integrated into its rich user interface SWARM has many commonly used tools for visualizing seismic waveforms quickly and effectly such as frequency spectra plots spectrograms band pass filtering easy navigation etc SWARM was developed at the Alaska Volcano Observatory AVO in July and Au gust 2004 and underwent several improvements over time 1 2 What s new in Version 2 0 An interactive map showing seismic station locations and geographic features He licorder and wave views can be easily summoned by clicking on the station names Live waveforms can be displayed with geographic context Support for server side metadata When SWARM connects to a Winston Wave Server WWS it can receive station metadata including latitude and longitude time zone information calibrations etc Support for IRIS DMC connections SWARM ca2. They set the general display mode for the wave It s possible to select from Wave Spectra or Spectrogram as shown in figure It can also be set whether or not the bias mean value is removed from the wave By default Remove Bias is checked 5 4 Wave Options These options are specific to standard Wave views and only determine how y axis scaling is done When Auto scale amplitude is checked SWARM determines how to scale the y axis using a special algorithm If it is unchecked than the values in the user specified Minimum amplitude and Maximum amplitude boxes are used as the y axis limits The auto scaling algorithm is fairly simple In the simplest case when Auto scale memory is unchecked the y axis is simply set to contain the minimum and maximum values attained by the wave in the shown time interval However if Auto scale memory is checked it is by default then this particular wave view will remember the minimum and maximum values it has attained and always choose those regardless of the amplitude of the shown wave This makes comparing relative amplitudes a trivial visual compari son If Auto scale memory is subsequently unchecked it will still remember its limits if it becomes turned on again Pressing the R key when interacting with a wave will reset the auto scale memory 5 5 Spectra Spectrogram Options These options are specific to the Spectra and Spectrogram wave views The first three options Auto scale power Auto scale pow
3. Options The zoom settings allow to customize the display of the zoomed waveform view The first setting Zoom determines the amount of time on either side of the mouse cursor to zoom Also available is a button to display the Wave View Settings Dialog 4 5 Other Options These settings configure various other options for the helicorder view Refresh is the number of seconds between attempts to refresh the helicorder with the latest data the default value is 15 Scroll size is the number of helicorder rows to scroll up or down on user scroll requests with the mouse wheel or the scroll toolbar buttons The next option Force Center forces each helicorder sample to be centered on its current line This effectively eliminates all drift and is useful for broadband stations with lots of low frequency energy This feature is to be used with caution though it can make an obviously false signal look like an earthquake Auto scale toggles helicorder auto scaling on and off When auto scaling is on an attempt is made to produce a pleasant looking helicorder If this fails or if more control over the appearance of the helicorder is wanted set the One bar range The One bar range is the number of counts on either side of zero that make up one bar For example if there is a seismometer that reports counts between 3600 and 3600 and a bar range of 1200 is selected a full range waveform will take 3 bars overlapping one above and one below This is best u
4. same time window as the selected wave Removes ALL of the waves from the clipboard Clipboard Wave View Toolbar and Keyboard Shortcuts lt Scrolls the wave back in time by 20 Keyboard shortcut Left arrow Scrolls the wave forward in time by 20 Keyboard shortcut Right arrow Si Positions the wave at a user specified time Keyboard shortcut Cont rol G Decreases amount of time on the X axis by 20 Keyboard shortcut Alt Left arrow gt Increases amount of time on the X axis by 20 Keyboard shortcut Alt Right arrow Reverts to the last time window Keyboard shortcut Backspace 19 ti Opens the Wave View Settings Dialog Keyboard shortcut lv Chooses wave view Keyboard shortcut W or ja Chooses spectra view Keyboard shortcut S or D Chooses spectrogram view Keyboard shortcut G or Puts another copy of the wave on the clipboard Keyboard shortcut C or Control C T Moves this wave up a position on the clipboard Keyboard shortcut Up arrow 4 Moves this wave down a position on the clipboard Keyboard shortcut Down arrow X Removes the wave from the clipboard Keyboard shortcut Delete 20 E Networks h Local Feed Winston REF EHN AV 4 1 km REF EHZ AV 4 1 km RED EHE AV 4 8 km RED EHN AV 4 8 km RED EHZ AV 4 8 km RDN EHZ AV 6 8 km RDJH BHE AV 14 6 km E Figure 1 The data source chooser and the channel selector in SWARM 21 Data Source Na
5. time servers seehttp www boulder nist gov timefreq service time servers html This does not change the system clock it just calculates an offset from it SWARM will attempt this sychronization by default approximately every 10 minutes 10 3 Layouts A layout is a saved SWARM configuration that can be quickly re opened either from the SWARM menu or via a the command line At AVO layouts are used in the operations room to configure multi monitor displays depicted as in fi gure 14 Typically 9 monitors are used for helicorder display with the 10th as a control monitor It s possible to specify a list of NTP servers a timeout value ms and a recalibration interval ms in a configuration file called NTP config Here is an example servers 130 118 179 207 129 6 15 28 132 163 4 101 128 138 140 44 192 43 timeout 600000 recalibrationInterval 10000 10 4 Configuring Channel Groups SWARM looks through a file called SwarmGroups config to groups channels in the Channel Selector The file is very simple just a list of channel group pairs Use the default file that comes with the SWARM distribution as a guide A Frequently Asked Questions FAQ A 1 How does auto scaling work Please refer to section A 2 What about bias on the helicorders Bias is removed on a per line basis from the helicorders 16 AA What does red mean on the helicorders Red means that the helicorder is clipped according to the current setti
6. RM from the same location a network drive for example it is desir able to prevent users editing or deleting certain data sources P Data servers that are broken i e not responding amp Data channels available after opening a SEED or SAC file from the File menu Double clicking on a data source will cause a channel tree to appear listing the avail able channels Double clicking on a channel will bring up a helicorder Alternatively it s possible to select a channel or channels with Control or Shift click on Windows and press one of the five buttons at the bottom of the data chooser e S Opens helicorder views e Puts waves on the clipboard e E Puts waves on the real time monitor e Jr Opens waves in the real time view window e Shows channels on a map Note that for complete control it s also possible to manually define data sources with aDataSources config file in the SWARM directory 3 3 Data sources in detail SWARM can currently retrieve data from a few different places 3 3 1 Earthworm Wave Servers To connect to an Earthworm Wave Server technically the wave_serverV module of the USGS Earthworm system it s necessary to create a new data source Click on the New button on the Data Source Chooser figure 2 A unique name for the data source which is then displayed in the Data Source Chooser the Wave Server host name or IP address port number and communication timeout time under most circums
7. SWARM Seismic Wave Analysis and Real time Monitor user manual and reference guide February 6 2011 Contents 1_Introduction KE Aboul eege A BA Se wd oe me ae wl eS 1 2 _ What s new in Version 2 0 1 3 System requirements and installation 2 Getting Started 2 1 Forewarning Windows centrism of this documentation 2 2 Installing SWARM 21111 2 3 Running SWARM 11 2 2 4 Quick demonstration of some new SWARM 2 0 features 2 5 Quick start tutorial 2 2 2 aa 11 2 5 1 _ How to create a new data source 2 5 2 _ How to create a helicorder 3 Data Sources and Channels 3 1 Introduction aaa 12 BA EMG du Bed dua ka a 3 3 Data sources in detail 444444441 3 3 1 Earthworm Wave Servers 3 3 2 Winston Wave Servers 3 3 3 DM 4 __Helicorder Views 4 1 Introduction LL 1 11 5 Wave Views 5 1 Introduction e 5 2 Wave View Settings Dialog 5 6 Filtering 5 7 Keyboard Interaction with Wave Views 6 Real time Wave Viewer 6 1 User Interface 6 2 Toolbar and Keyboard Interaction LL W UMUUULUA x NNN NAAA VD GO 7 The Wave Clipboard 7 1 User Interface s watzauwiwawi kge Se ba ORS we eS 7 2 Clipboard Toolbar 17 3 Clipboard W
8. WARM The entire pack age content is located under the swarm directory so it s usually possible to safely extract it anywhere After extracting the SWARM package content into a directory of user s choice starting SWARM is just a matter of executing either swarm bat on Windows or swarm sh on other platforms If desired it s possible to create a custom script to start SWARM see the section IOjon Advanced Topics 2 Getting Started 2 1 Forewarning Windows centrism of this documentation Some of the documentation that follows tends to be Windows centric SWARM is writ ten in Java and is known to run on Mac OS 10 Solaris several Linux distributions and Windows It is assumed that users running a non Windows operating system will be knowledegeable enough to adapt such Windows centric instructions to the particularities of their own OS 2 2 Installing SWARM Once a Java environment is running installing SWARM consists of nothing more than unpacking its binary distribution The following items will be unpacked in the swarm directory e layouts A directory containing user defined layouts e 1ib A directory containing the libraries used by the SWARM application e mapdata A directory containing Map Packs e swarm sh A shell script that starts the SWARM application for Unix Linux and Mac e swarm_console bat A batch file that starts the SWARM application for Win dows This will keep a command console open which will
9. WARM includes the Real time Wave Viewer figure 11 The white area to the right shows the lag between now and the last available data at the time of refresh which occurs ever two seconds It s possible to switch between views of 15 30 60 120 default 180 240 or 300 seconds The time displayed is UTC 6 2 Toolbar and Keyboard Interaction There is a toolbar of buttons at the top of each wave viewer Check Appendix C 4 for details Note that the standard keys for interacting with wave views are also active 7 The Wave Clipboard 7 1 User Interface The primary forum in SWARM for intense interaction with waveforms is the Wave Clip board figure 12 The Wave Clipboard holds as many simultaneous wave views as desired It s possible for example to compare arrival times across many stations look at the same waveform with three different filters or compare different events from one station The user interface consists of a clipboard toolbar at the top and then as many stacked clipboard wave views as desired each with its own toolbar It s also possible to zoom into any portion of a wave the transparent yellow block is showing the act of zooming As usual the status bar shows the current time under the mouse cursor The wave with the blue border is the selected wave for the purposes of the clipboard toolbar 11 7 2 Clipboard Toolbar The clipboard toolbar has five general purpose buttons e amp Open a wave text file a
10. ave Toolbar and Keyboard Interaction 8 The map 8 1 Description and uses 8 2 Using the map to show a network 8 3 Controlling the Map 8 3 1 Settings 8 3 2 Wave Modes 8 4 Using the ruler tool 8 5 Understanding the map scale 8 6 Interacting with channels on the map 8 8 Map packs Background imagery 9 Kiosk Mode 9 1 Introduction 2 0000 aoe ke 9 2 Configuring Automatic Kiosk Mode I 2211111 10 Advanced Topics 10 1 Time mee 6200 6 EE ew doe ee ai kad kk RARE waw WK 10 2 Calculating the Current Time 10 4 Configuring Channel Groups A Frequently Asked Questions FAQ A 1 How does auto scaling work A 2 What about bias on the helicorders A 3 What does red mean on the helicorders 000 B_ Menu reference BL Piel ge x ob wo A Be ee we eke a a whe bk ed C Complete Keyboard Reference C 5 Clipboard Toolbar and Keyboard Shortcuts C 6 Clipboard Wave View Toolbar and Keyboard Shortcuts 8 3 3 Pan zoom and recenter ooo ooe a a a 8 7 Time span of wave panels 2 2 ee ee 11 11 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 17 17 17 17 17 17 List of Figures oy aon 21 NZ 22 so 22 New data source window DMC Lozano nora 11 23 ARE ety oe ee be ee ne ee ees ee et 24 6 Helicorder view settings LL 02 2
11. displays various text messages from the application that might be informative 2 3 Running SWARM Double clicking on swarm bat or swarm_console bat will open the main SWARM window shortly If nothing happens it s suggested to open a command prompt console on the Windows task bar lt Start gt gt lt Run gt gt cmd exe navigate to the SWARM directory and run swarm bat manually from there By doing this any Java exceptions will be written out and able to be examined for troubleshooting 2 4 Quick demonstration of some new SWARM 2 0 features Once SWARM is running executing Augustine from the the Layout menu will open some relevant screens 2 5 Quick start tutorial This short tutorial is designed to get the user using SWARM productively in just a few minutes Note that SWARM is set to open in a window that will fit on a 1024x768 screen SWARM is significantly more usuable at higher resolutions Helicorders display a large quantity of data and the more pixel area is given to them the better 2 5 1 How to create a new data source SWARM comes pre configured with the AVO Winston Wave Server Unless only Alaska data is of interest SWARM will have to be instructed about where to look for data The University of Washington operates a publicly facing Earthworm Wave Server To add it click the icon on the Data Sources panel in the upper left of the SWARM interface A New Data Source dialog window will open Open the tab labeled Eart
12. efault a basic world map taken from NASA Blue Marble imagery is provided Cus tom imagery is fairly easy to add provided that unprojected geo registered image files are available See map packs for more information To bring up the map type CTRL M or go to the Window menu and check Map figure 13 8 2 Using the map to show a network Choose the AVO Winston data source and select the A11 group Press the icon at the bottom of data chooser A map of the Aleutian arc should appear showing several transparent station markers Note that to avoid clutter not all stations are displayed at this scale The number of hidden channels is displayed in the lower left of the map panel 12 8 3 Controlling the Map The icons located at the top of the map panel that control the map are defined as follows 8 3 1 8 3 2 8 3 3 Settings 7 Change map settings This button displays a dialog box that allows the user to set certain settings for the map window amp Change label settings Toggles between show all labels show no labels show some labels Wave Modes Real time mode A toggle that controls whether waves on the map update in real time Si Synchronized time with helicorder wave A toggle button that controls whether a zoom in on a helicorder dictates the time span of the wave panels on the map This capability is useful for roughly estimating earthquake locations based on arrival times Helicorder linking is on by de
13. er memory and Maximum power behave in fundamentally the same way as the auto scaling described in the previous section The Minimum frequency and Maximum frequency boxes specify the dimensions of the x axis in spectra mode or the y axis in spectrogram mode There is no auto scaling done for these axes While SWARM will allow the maximum frequency to be set to any positive value greater than the minimum frequency this value will adjust automatically if it is greater than the Nyquist frequency of the wave being manipulated The Log power checkbox sets the power axis to log mode This also works for spec trograms The Log frequency checkbox sets the frequency axis to log mode This has no effect in spectrogram mode The last two options FFT bin samples and Spectrogram Overlap only affect spectrograms FFT bin defines the number of samples to be used in each FFT Adjusting this value affects the dimensions of each pixel of the spectrogram increasing the number of samples increases the vertical resolution while decreasing the horizontal resolution and vice versa The default Auto option picks a value that attempts to have medium resolution on each axis Spectrogram Overlap determines the amount of overlap in consecutive FFTs Legal values are between 0 and 95 The higher this value is set the smoother the FFT will look Note however that artifacts can occur when excessive overlap is used 5 6 Filtering SWARM allows to filter waves using a Bu
14. fault It can be turned off by clicking on the icon Pan zoom and recenter Right clicking on the map will recenter at the clicked point 8 4 P Drag the map If this toggle is selected then left clicking and holding allows the user to drag pan the map L Zoom into box If this toggle is selected then left clicking allows the user to draw a box The image is then zoomed to the box area Measure distances See Using the ruler tool Zoom in Zoom out Last map view Restores map to its previous zoom level and location 1 Save map image to a file Using the ruler tool The ruler tool measures great circle distances and azimuths Distances are measured by left clicking on the map at the desired start point and then moving the mouse while hold ing down the right button to the desired end point The distance and azimuth will be displayed at the lower left of the map panel Note that because great circles are used the distances and azimuths may seem counter intuitive when looking at large scale maps Once finished with the ruler it s possible to click on the B or icons to re enable drag box area selection or panning 13 8 5 Understanding the map scale The map scale is shown in the upper left of the map panel The scale is accurate at the center of the map and diminishes in accuracy with distance from the center Inaccuracy is high for small maps and low for large maps 8 6 Interacting with channels o
15. file MapPack txt provides SWARM the information needed to render the imagery This is the first line from MapPack txt in world world jpg 2700 1350 180 180 90 90 0 2000000 0 The comma separated fields are defined as follows 1 The name of image being described 14 Pixel width Pixel height West longitude extent 180 to 180 East longitude extent 180 to 180 South latitude extent 90 to 90 North latitude extent 90 to 90 Minimum scale m pixel this image will be displayed at o NN u R w N Maximum scale m pixel this image will be displayed at Precendence higher numbered images are rendered on top of lower rendered im ages Note that a longitude extent west to east from 175 to 175 spans 10 degrees of lon gitude and one from 175 to 175 spans 350 degrees of longitude That is the 4th and Sth columns do not specify minimum and maximum longitude but western and eastern boundaries 9 Kiosk Mode 9 1 Introduction SWARM can be used as a much lower cost more functional replacement to the traditional helicorder by using its Kiosk Mode In Kiosk Mode SWARM displays all of the open helicorders in full screen mode This makes seismic monitoring as easy as a glance at the screen while still allowing the standard helicorder zooming Of course if it s desired to look at other stations or use the Wave Clipboard it s possible to just leave Kiosk Mode F11 toggles between K
16. hworm Wave Server then pick a name for the data source such as UW EWS The IP address is 128 95 16 105 and the port is 16021 The other options can be initially left at their defaults Alternatively a data source pointing to the Yellowstone Volcano Observatory YVO Winston Wave Server could be created 137 227 233 44 16022 2 5 2 How to create a helicorder Double click the new data source and a small file folder icon G should appear labeled All Clicking on this folder will open a list of channels It s possible to select one or more channels Once channels have been chosen press the helicorder button G on the bottom left of the data chooser panel A helicorder window will appear A full 24 hours of data should be able to be downloaded in a matter of seconds when connecting to a Winston Wave Server WWS since Winston servers store pre calculated helicorder data When connecting to an Earthworm Wave Server EWS a slow helicorder backfill will be experienced as the raw waves are gulped and downsampled 3 Data Sources and Channels 3 1 Introduction After starting SWARM a panel will be visible on the left side of the main screen figure p This is the Data Source Chooser and Channel Selector It s possible to adjust the size of the two panels by adjusting the split line in the center either by dragging with the mouse or clicking on one of the small arrows The Data Source Chooser the top half of the panel is used to
17. iosk Mode and normal operation Because there are no menus or toolbars when in Kiosk Mode keyboard shortcuts will have to be used to interact with the inset wave view Alternatively it s possible to just switch to normal mode 9 2 Configuring Automatic Kiosk Mode SWARM can be automatically start in Kiosk Mode by running it with this option kiosk parameters In alternative it can be started through the configuration file The value of the kiosk parameter is server name channel Example verb swarm kiosk localhost BGL SHZ AK saveConfig fals The data source specified has to be one of the configured data sources See Advanced Topics for more information about this topic 15 timeChur 10 Advanced Topics 10 1 Time Zones SWARM 2 0 has much better time zone awareness than earlier versions Time zone set tings are available under the Edit gt Options menu If a connection to a WWS has been estabilished and has time zone metadata as the AVO Winston server then checking the box labeled Use instrument time zone if available will do as the name suggests If the instrument time zone is not available via metadata it s possible to use the machine time zone or select one manually 10 2 Calculating the Current Time Oftentimes SWARM needs the current time in order to make requests to data sources In order to make sure that SWARM asks for the correct time it attempts to synchronize with Internet
18. is Keyboard shortcut Alt Down arrow Increases amount of time on the Y axis Keyboard shortcut Alt Up arrow Decreases zoom window size zooms in Keyboard shortcut Increases zoom window size zooms out Keyboard shortcut ij Opens the Wave View Settings Dialog for the inset wave view Keyboard shortcut iv Chooses wave view for the inset wave view Keyboard shortcut W or lu Chooses spectra view for the inset wave view Keyboard shortcut S or D Chooses spectrogram view for the inset wave view Keyboard shortcut G or ls Copies inset wave view to the Wave Clipboard Keyboard shortcut C or Control C X Removes the inset wave view Keyboard shortcut Escape or Delete 18 CA CA Cp Real time Wave Viewer Toolbar and Keyboard Shortcuts 4 Decreases number of seconds on the X axis Keyboard shortcut Alt Left arrow Increases number of seconds on the X axis Keyboard shortcut Alt Right arrow tii Opens the Wave View Settings Dialog Keyboard shortcut lv Chooses wave view Keyboard shortcut Wor ja Chooses spectra view Keyboard shortcut S or D Chooses spectrogram view Keyboard shortcut G or lm Copies wave view to the Wave Clipboard Keyboard shortcut C or Control C Clipboard Toolbar and Keyboard Shortcuts Opens a text file wave as saved by SWARM Save a text file wave See Section VI Synchronizes all of the channels on the clipboard to the
19. me My WWS Winston Wave Server Earthworm Wave Server a DMC Use this data source to connect to an Earthworm Wave Server EWS IP address or host name my wws com Port 16022 Earthworm default 16022 Timeout 2 0 seconds Gulp size 30 minutes Gulp delay 1 0 seconds Time zone Figure 2 New data source window Earthworm Wave Sever options Data Source Name My Winston Server Winston Wave Server Earthworm Wave Server DMC Use this data source to connect to a Winston Wave Server WWS IP Address or Host Name my winston com Port 16022 Winston default 16022 Timeout 15 0 seconds Use Compression V Figure 3 New data source window Winston Wave Sever options 22 Figure 4 New data source window DMC 23 H o f 5 m Deen van 9 3 1 AK ODDS AR ARAUA I SAPR WR A age AA AA nA a PA WE ET Time AKST i Time UTC Figure 5 Helicorder view 24 IM M b view settings Figure 6 Helicorder 05 46 05 47 05 48 05 49 Figure 7 The wave time series Frequency Hz 05 46 05 47 05 48 05 49 Figure 8 The spectrogram 10 20 30 40 50 Figure 9 The frequency spectra 26 8 Wave Wave Options Remove bias Use calibrations Spectra Spectrogram Options v Log power Log frequency Min frequency Max freq
20. n connect directly to an IRIS DMC and receive real time waveforms from hundreds of seismic stations world wide DMC connections also provide longitude latitude information for map displays User defined layouts retaining specific helicorder wave or map settings such as screen arrangement axis limits time scales etc Improved and updated graphical user interface GUT e Improved config file management e Improved waveform cache performance especially in monitor mode e Increased flexibility in channel grouping 1 3 System requirements and installation SWARM will run on any system with a graphics display and a Java Virtual Machine 1 5 also known as J2SE 5 0 or greater installed However it should be noted that as SWARM frequently deals with large quantities of data and performs complex calculations on said data system memory and processor speed will have a large impact on its general performance The latest versions of Java can be found at the Oracle Java Technology page http 7Tuww ozacle com technetwork java index html The Java Runtime En vironment or JRE is sufficient the full Java Software Development Kit SDK is not needed Once the Java Virtual Machine has been installed the system is ready for a SWARM installation The latest SWARM package can be downloaded as of now from the ISTI website direct URL http www ist i2 com ew distribut ion swarm 2 Orc3 zip This archive contains everything needed to run S
21. n the map Left clicking a station marker will produce a wave view on the map The wave view can be moved around the map by dragging the title bar A tie line will point back to the station location An individual wave view can be resized by holding the mouse over the panel and moving the mouse wheel Moving the mouse to spots not over a wave panel and moving the mouse wheel while holding the CTRL key will resize all the wave view panels simultaneously A left double click will open a helicorder Right clicking on a station marker will show multiple channels if present and allow a selection from them Metadata will also be displayed here not implemented as of yet 8 7 Time span of wave panels All wave view panels on a map have the same time span The time span is adjusted with the follow icons e Scroll left by 20 e gt Scroll right by 20 e Go to a particular time e gt lt Decrease time span e lt gt Increase time span Clicking the icon will reset the time axis to its last span The vertical red line on the wave panels always points to the same time on every panel 8 8 Map packs Background imagery SWARM uses unprojected georeferenced jpg or png images to produce map back ground By default the imagery is in the mapdata directory of its installation This can be changed in Swarm config Sub directories in mapdata are called Map Packs The binary distribution of SWARM includes world and nasa_2k Map Packs The
22. nderstood through experimentation The last options are Show clip and Clip threshold They allow to set a counts threshold after which the trace will be shown in red 4 6 Toolbar and Keyboard Interaction There is toolbar of several buttons at the top of each helicorder Check Appendix C 3 for details Note that when an inset wave view is open the standard keys for interacting with wave views are active 5 Wave Views 5 1 Introduction Wave Views are one of the two fundamental data views in SWARM Any time a wave view is seen in SWARM there are settings associated with that individual view Even a wave view has been pasted to the clipboard from somewhere else has its own view settings This section deals with the different wave view settings and does not actually discuss the environments in which the wave views occur such as on the Wave Clipboard or a Real time Wave Viewer but only the different ways a wave can be viewed Figures land 9Jare an example of the three general types of wave views available in SWARM For this example a small regional earthquake has been used 5 2 Wave View Settings Dialog Of course there are several ways in which is possible to change how to look at these plots All options for the wave view are available through the Wave View Settings Dialog To open the Wave View Settings Dialog it s usually possible to press the key or click on the Wave View Settings Button i See figure 5 3 General View Options
23. ngs See section 4 5 It does not necessarily mean that the signal is clipped B Menu reference B 1 File e Exits exit SWARM B 2 Edit e Options edits application wide settings current only time zone settings B 3 Window e Tile Helicorders tiles all open helicorders e Tile Waves tiles all open waves Kiosk Mode enters Kiosk mode B 4 Help e About opens the About box which displays some information about memory usage C Complete Keyboard Reference C 1 Application Level Keyboard Shortcuts These keys work at all times e F11 toggle Kiosk Mode e Ctrl F12 Empty cache C 2 Wave Interaction Keyboard Shortcuts These keys are active whenever you are interacting with a wave view e Open Wave View Settings Dialog e Wor Toggle Wave view mode e Sor Toggle Spectra view mode e Gor Toggle Spectrogram view mode 17 F Toggles filter on and off L Toggles between the four different log axes states R Resets auto scaling memory Helicorder Toolbar and Keyboard Shortcuts i i Opens the settings dialog Scrolls the display helicorder or wave inset back in time Keyboard shortcut A gt Scrolls the display the helicorder or wave inset forward in time Keyboard shortcut Z 4 Decreases number of minutes on the X axis Keyboard shortcut Alt Left arrow Increases number of minutes on the X axis Keyboard shortcut Alt Right arrow X Decreases amount of time on the Y ax
24. r was generated when the user clicked on the helicorder A small transparent yellow box under the inset wave view shows the area that is being magnified Helicorders derived from an active source like a Wave Server or Winston connection will automatically update themselves when new data are available 4 2 Helicorder View Settings There are two main ways in which the user can interact with the a helicorder view manip ulating the helicorder view itself or zooming in and looking at the underlying waveform All of the settings for the helicorder view can be manipulated in the helicorder view set tings dialog which can be opened by clicking on the t button The settings dialog box is shown in figure 6 4 3 Axes Options These settings effect the size of the X and Y axes The X axis determines the number of minutes to display along the bottom Legal values are 10 15 20 30 60 120 180 and 360 Values above 60 are seldom used The Y axis determines how much total time to display on the helicorder and is measured in hours Legal values are 2 4 6 12 24 48 72 and 168 The default settings generate a 12 hour helicorder with 15 minutes rows The last settings under Axes is View time This setting allows to set the time at the bottom of the helicorder By default a helicorder view opens with the bottom being set to Now The format for specifying the bottom view time is YYYYMMDD or if more resolution is needed YYMMDDHHMMSS 4 4 Zoom
25. s saved by SWARM or a SAC file If a directory is selected all of the t xt and sac files in it will be loaded e x Save a wave as a text file or SAC file The format of the text file is exceedingly simple each row has two values a time Unix time milliseconds seconds January 1 1970 and a sample Loading this data into Matlab is trivial with the command load filename txt Any filename that does not end with sac will be saved as one of these text files CG is the default If the filename ends with sac the wave is saved as a SAC file Gl Save all of the waves as SAC files The user will be prompted to specify a directory in which to save the waves In that directory a directory will be created in YYYYMMDDHHMMSS form that corresponds to each distinct second at which each wave on the clipboard begins Under those directories SAC files will be saved with the name of the channels whose waves start during that second Synchronize all of the channels on the clipboard to the same time window as the selected wave e Remove all of the waves from the clipboard 7 3 Clipboard Wave Toolbar and Keyboard Interaction Each wave on the clipboard can be interacted with the clipboard toolbar Check Appendix C 6lfor details 8 The map 8 1 Description and uses The map shows station locations on geographically projected background imagery Im agery can be for example shaded DEMS satellite imagery aerial photos coastlines etc By d
26. select the source of the waveform or helicorder data The box contains the list of all available data sources both ones that have been used before and new ones that are created The Channel Selector the bottom half of the panel is used to select a channel either the waveform or the helicorder Once a data source is selected the Channel Selector will be populated with the available channels The contents of both the Waves and Helicorders lists depends on the data available from the selected data source 3 2 Description and uses The binary distribution ships preconfigured with an AVO Winston Wave Server and an IRIS DMC connection to a New Zealand network of broadband seismometers It s pos sible to add a custom data source by clicking on the icon Other icons let the user to e DS Edit a data source e Roll up the data source channel trees e X Delete a data source The X icon lets the user dismiss the whole data source chooser window if more space is desired To get it back type CTRL D or go to the Window menu and check Data Chooser The icons associated with the different data sources have the following meaning e li A data server that the user added manually with the icon e is A data server that is in the DataSources config file The small padlock denotes that it s not possible edit or delete it from the SWARM application The rationale for this distinction is that in an environment where multiple people are running SWA
27. tances the default of 2 seconds is fine are also needed An Earthworm Wave Server data source will populate both the Waves and Helicorder lists of the Channel Selector Some clarification about how this works is in order An Earthworm Wave Server actually only provides raw wave data not derived helicorder data When a helicorder view based on Earthworm Wave Server data is chosen SWARM starts a process called a Gulper that slowly downloads data to fill in the requested he licorder time interval This process will take several minutes One positive side effect of this process is that the raw wave data will be immediately available for viewing and analysis from the SWARM cache 3 3 2 Winston Wave Servers Winston Wave Servers are another data source for SWARM Winston Wave Servers store both derived helicorder data and raw wave data More information forthcoming 3 3 3 DMC More information forthcoming 4 Helicorder Views 4 1 Introduction One of the main scopes of SWARM is being a tool for interacting with and displaying helicorders Figure 5 shows a typical helicorder view actually this is smaller size than typical in order to fit into the manual better The view consists of a window displaying the data source AVO Winston and the channel RSO_EHZ_AV In the window there is the helicorder bordered on the top by a toolbar and on the bottom by a status bar that shows the time under the mouse cursor The spectrogram inside the helicorde
28. tterworth filter The Enabled checkbox turns the filter on and off The three types of filters available are Low pass High pass and Band pass The Low pass filter passes over the low frequencies and filters the high frequencies When Low pass is selected only the Maximum hz box will be editable this is the corner frequency of the low pass filter The High pass filter passes over the high frequencies and filters the low frequencies When High pass is selected only the Minimum hz box will be editable 10 this is the corner frequency of the high pass filter Lastly the Band pass filter passes over a band of frequencies and filters frequencies higher and lower than the band When Band pass is selected both the Maximum hz and Minimum hz boxes will be editable these are the corners of the band pass filter The Zero phase shift option runs the specified filter both forward and backward This eliminates any phase shift effects due to the filter at the expense of effectively doubling the filter order The Order slider allows to set the order of the filter as even values between 2 and 8 inclusive In general the higher the order the steeper the cutoff at the corner frequencies 5 7 Keyboard Interaction with Wave Views Whenever the user is interacting with a Wave View a number of keyboard shortcuts will be active See Appendix C 2 for details 6 Real time Wave Viewer 6 1 User Interface For viewing the absolute latest available data S
29. uency Spectrogram bin 0 Spectrogram 8 Autoscale _ Memory 0 Manual scale Minimum 1000 Maximum 1000 0 Autoscale C Memory 0 Manual scale Max power Spectrogram overlap 335 30 Butterworth Filter Enabled Low pass 0 High pass 8 Band pass _ Zero phase shift doubles order Min frequency 1 0 Max frequency 10 0 Order Figure 10 Wave View Settings Dialog Several options are available here 27 ofl RSO EHZ AV AYO Winston Ce Gi ap L A Frequency Hz Figure 11 A typical Real time Wave Viewer showing a just occurred microquake Wave Clipboard vus EHZ WY nee Figure 12 A snapshot of typical Wave Clipboard usage 28 Figure 13 This map image exported from SWARM with the camera icon shows the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake using data from the IRIS POND Data Center 29
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