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RxT 10GE User`s Manual

1. 64 or 1518 bytes are used most often since these represent the normal minimum and maximum frame size allowed by the network The standard frame sizes for Ethernet testing are 64 128 256 512 1024 1280 and 1518 bytes When testing RFC2544 with VLAN and or MPLS tags 64 bytes is no longer a proper frame length With systems that support jumbo frames such as 4096 or 9000 byte frames these frame sizes should be tested as well The RxT 10GE defaults to the frame size defined in RFC 2544 but allows you to set the frame size to any valid value Test Layer Undersized Oversized FET GE 84 Ethernet Testing Layer 1 FCS CRC N A N A 20 20480 20 65535 Layer 2 MAC Under 64 Over 1518 38 20480 38 65535 L2 VLAN Under 68 Over 1522 42 20480 42 65535 Layer 3 MAC IP Under 64 Over 1518 58 20480 58 65535 L3 VLAN Under 68 Over 1522 62 20480 62 65535 Table 10 100 1000M Ethernet Frame Length Options Where do you want to go next Stream Frame Setup Throughput Summary Results Throughput Aggregate Results Throughput Stream Results Working Desktop index Technology Multicast Frames Layer 2 Multicast Frames Typically a multicast frame is a frame that is intended for multiple devices on the network They use a special 24 bit prefix of 01 00 5E for the destination MAC address field but any frame with an odd value in the first byte of the destination address is counted as a multicast fr
2. Throughput Test Setup RFC2544 Test Setup Loopback Test Setup IP Testing Working Desktop index RxT System 31 Ethernet Testing Throughput Applications Select Throughput as the test type on the Test Profile Before you begin testing make sure the link is up To send loopback commands in a test press the L2 zh button in the Action Bar BERT Applications Select BERT as the Test Type on the Test Profile tab See the diagrams Layer 1 BERT Layer 1 testing is used for verifying the quality of the physical layer connection Most commonly this is done for basic point to point fiber connections whether over a single fiber pair or through a DWDM network Layer 2 BERT Run a BERT between two testers Layer 2 testing is often performed to verify the quality of service provided over an Ethernet network Unlike a Layer 1 BERT the Layer 2 BERT generates valid MAC frames so that the test traffic can traverse through bridges and switches Caution If you are sending packets to your responder via a router or other device with its own IP address make sure to set the Dest MAC to the MAC address of the router NOT the responder Otherwise the router will likely discard the packets without ARP in use If you are staying down at layer 2 MAC this does not apply IP works fine if all the devices are on the same local network segment this is applies when sending traffic off your local network segment Where do you want to go
3. 87 RxT 10GE User s Manual Technology IP Overview TCP Routers Gateways ICMP and Ping DNS DHCP ARP IP Internet Protocol is the language computers on the Internet use to talk to one another IP Packet To send a message using IP the computer adds extra information known as the IP header in front of the message creating an IP packet The IP header contains the address of the computer meant to receive the message as well as the address of the sender It is like regular mail the IP header is the envelope with the recipient address and the sender addresses on it and the message itself is inside In this case the addresses are numbers like 67 34 22 199 The IP packet is sent to the Internet over Ethernet DSL or PPP The computers that make up the Internet itself look at the destination address in the IP header and forward the packet on from one to another until it gets to where it is going just as the Post Office forwards envelopes from one sorting office to the next until it is finally sent out for delivery TCP IP is unreliable packets can get lost due to faults or overloads in the network If a packet does get lost the sender has no way of knowing TCP Transmission Control Protocol is designed to fix this Nearly everything that happens on the Internet web browsing e mail instant messaging etc uses TCP TCP adds its own header to the message saying how much data it has already sent and how much it has received f
4. Broadcast or one or more streams Multiple chose the streams 3 Choose to inject a Single error or many in a Burst 4 Press Send Remember to Cancel when you are through e To inject an error you must first start the measurement and transmit traffic Broadcast Inject errors on all streams ee Inject errors into one or more streams need some info Mode Select the error injection method Inject an individual error Single _ O Inject a set number of errors with each press of the Send or Error Inject button After selecting Burst enter the number of errors you wish to inject in a burst when the Send button is pressed Send a burst of up to 64 errors for Ethernet Error Type Details Error Details o O FCS CRC Frame Check Sequence Cyclic Redundancy Check error Bit Error Bit error in the frame payload pattern Pattern bit errors are inserted before the FCS CRC is calculated and therefore do not cause an FCS CRC error or cause the frame to be dropped 8B 10B encoding error Disparity Running disparity error IP Checksum IP Checksum error Lost Frame The transmitted sequence number will skip a value causing a lost frame to be detected at the far end Requires a Sunrise Tag be enabled the Stream table Payload tab Duplicate Packet The transmitted sequence number will be duplicated once causing a duplicate or misinserted packet defect at the far end Requires Sunrise Tags be enabled on the
5. If desired enter Customer User and Trouble Ticket information on the Data Entry tab Press Apply then return to the Report Setup tab to generate the file 6 Press Create Report at the bottom of the Report Setup tab to generate the file The new file appears on the Reports tab Find the report in one of the following location e RxT 10GE hard drive home Sunrise Measurement reports e Web URL http lt XTT5000_ip gt reports e USB SD Exported xtt 5000 reports Top Where do you want to go next The Working Desktop Meas Setup Configure measurement parameters Throughput Test Setup RFC2544 Test Setup Loopback Test Setup IP Testing index 28 RxT System View Test Records Results For each saved results file view e the File name the Port the test was taken on Application test module e g 10G Ethernet OTN Test Mode e g Throughput or RFC2544 for an Ethernet Application the file Size e g 30 kb and the date the record was saved Press Page Down at the bottom of the screen to scroll to the next page of results Highlight a file then press View to look at its details including results and test profile It may take several seconds for a file to open a secondary program opens some types of files f saved reports and captured packet files are opened viewed with a separate application The required application will launch automatically when you open a saved file Use File gt Close Quit
6. In the Carrier Class Ethernet mode perform RFC 2544 testing The signal graphic both reflects the port and test setup and gives you access to the associated configuration screens See the RC2544 Test Notes Before you begin testing make sure the link is up Type RFC2544 NE An RFC2544 test tests a device by TEST transmitting various frame lengths at different rates to find the maximum throughput rate An NE test stresses a NE at a variety of rates which you define Test Type Point to Point View or set the port connections Dual Ports RFC 2544 tests require the use of two ports RFC 2544 may be run between two different ports such as XFP SFP XFP RJ 45 SFP SFP SFP RJ 45 RJ 45 RJ 45 If you need to change the connection touch first the TX port then the RX port you want to have work with it Pair the TX port with the matching RX port unless otherwise indicated by your design The most common method of using RFC2544 for testing Ethernet services as opposed to Ethernet devices is to transmit frames through the network to the far end where they are looped back and sent back to the test module In this configuration the TX and RX test port should be the same However there are times when the TX and RX test port need to be different such as when testing a switch or when the TX and RX line rates are different For example if you were to transmit from a 10GE port to a GE port the throughput rate couldn t be higher th
7. Layer 1 does not touch the traffic it simply copies the input to the output Hence configuring the RX Filter Source Destination requires careful consideration The behavior of the unit with multiple streams can also be complicated If you are sending two streams to the same Destination MAC with differing Source MAC addresses the stream data may be captured in unexpected ways Example 1 Stream 1 Source MAC 00 02 Destination MAC 00 01 Stream 2 Source MAC 00 03 Destination MAC 00 01 Without the Rx Filter in use both streams will be detected normally Example 2 Stream 1 Destination MAC Rx Filter All the traffic from both Stream 1 and Stream 2 will appear in the Stream 1 results no traffic appears for Stream 2 Be aware of this when troubleshooting traffic Try rule 1 then rule 2 etc for each frame In addition the Destination is best ignored This is because the Source MAC addresses are different When they arrive at the loopback device they will be swapped making the SRC the DUST and vice versa Now the return frames have different Destinations with the same Source Where do you want to go next Throughput Applications Throughput Summary Results Throughput Aggregate Results 69 RxT 10GE User s Manual Throughput Stream Results Throughput Test Setup Stream Table Setup Home View Test Records Summary Access saved files Set how when results are saved in the Meas Setup tab e
8. RFC2544 Applications Working Desktop Home 23 RxT 10GE User s Manual System Status Get details on RxT 10GE system performance On a Test Setup window press Tools gt System Status Statistic Meaning gt O File Usage Percentage of system currently in use Memory Percentage of system RAM in use Usage Unit temperature normal range is 0 C to 45 C Statistic Meaning S O ON if the unit is plugged in OFF if it is not Total Charge The percentage of charge remaining in the battery see the Battery icon Remaining When running on battery approximately how long the battery will Time last Time to Full When running on battery approximately how long it will take to Charge recharge the battery Version Information Version I nformation Firmware ON if the unit is plugged in OFF if it is not Version CPLD Version System Serial RxT system serial number No Module Serial 10GE module serial number No Where would you like to go next Test Type Menu Working Desktop Overview Home 24 RxT System Software Options To Install a New Option 1 Purchase a new RxT option from Sunrise Telecom you will be asked to provide the RxT 10GE s serial number 2 Sunrise Telecom will mail you an option file with a name in the format TCXxxxxxx opt where xxxxxx is the serial number 3 RxT 10GE must access the file Copy it to one of the following locations e top directory of USB f
9. SC to LC Cable This is a duplex multi mode LC cord Look closely at the pictures to see the details of the connection mechanism Duplex LC Cable e When using optical connectors insert or remove the ferrule straight into the sleeve e Minimize wiggling the connector as this may loosen the tight fit that is required for the ferrule and sleeve e For SC connectors orient the prominent key on the connector body with the slot in bulkhead adapter Push the connector in until it clicks To remove 17 RxT 10GE User s Manual pinch the connector body between your thumb and finger and gently pull straight out LC connectors evolved from the basic RJ 45 connector design and are placed on and removed in the same fashion as an RJ 45 Simply push the rear prongs together to release the connector Listen for the click when you seat the connector Cleaning Optical Fiber Fiber optic connectors must be kept clean to ensure long life of the connectors and to minimize transmission loss at the connection point Precautions When not in use always replace dust covers and caps to prevent deposits and films from airborne particles A single dust particle caught between two connectors will cause significant signal loss Dust particles can scratch the polished fiber end resulting in permanent damage Do not touch the connector end or the ferrules since this will leave an oily deposit from your fingers Do not allow uncapped connectors to dr
10. The hardware battery icon reflects charging status green full charge orange charging red low power the plug icon indicates the unit is plugged in and charging The screen icon shows as green when the battery is fully charged or connected to AC power The green diminishes and red fills the icon as the available power decreases When the battery is charging note the plug icon within the red will give way to green When there is approximately 10 battery life remaining you will see a warning message pop up to remind you to plug in the power adapter At approximately 4 remaining power RxT will pop up warning save results for the test in progress then shut down To replace the battery remove the two screws at the bottom of the back battery cover The screws will stay attached to the cover Pull the battery pack out then replace it with the new one Replace the cover and replace the screws without overtightening Battery Care and Storage It is important to observe the basic battery care procedures in order to avoid possible damage to the battery and to maintain it s performance Lithium Ion batteries packs are small compact have high energy concentration and are ideal for providing long lasting power to portable test equipment in demanding applications Li Ion battery packs contain Li Ion cells and battery protection circuitry both sealed in a plastic container that can not be disassembled For safety reasons these batteries and pr
11. Throughput Summary Results Working Desktop index Stream Frame Setup Set the frame structure On the Stream Table select a row to configure that stream Frame Structure Elements Tick an element to turn it On a setup tab will appear for that element Some elements such as MPLS and IP are connected The graphic at the bottom of the window reflects the structure in use Configure Mac MAC VLAN MPLS IP TCP UDP Payload Traffic each tab in Shape Mac N A Press Apply to All to have the selected frame elements used by every stream in the Stream Table Frame Type Select the frame length distribution Fixed All frames transmitted to use will be of the same length as indicated in the Frame Size field e The most common means of testing a network is to use a fixed frame size In this way the network performance can be characterized for different frame lengths For instance the frame loss rate may be very different for 64 byte frames than for 1518 byte frames By sending only frames 64 or 1518 bytes long the frame loss rate can be calculated for each You will also need to enter the Frame Size 60 12 000 bytes depending on the Enter the total length of the rate Ethernet frame in the number pad which pops up Rx allows for undersized and oversized frames GS see the Frame size details table for the maximum and minimum frame sizes Where do you want to go next Throughput Summary Results
12. Traffic Shape Ramp Setup From the Throughput Stream Table or Pattern on the Signal tab press Traffic Shape to configure the traffic The traffic is transmitted at a variable rate from Start Bandwidth between 0 00 and 100 00 to Stop Bandwidth between 0 00 and 100 00 with increments of Step Size between 0 01 and 100 00 Traffic Shape Parameter Options Detais _ __ Rate Percentage IPG Determine the traffic rate ns Bit Rate Rate Percentage 0 01 to 100 00 Ethernet traffic is expressed in terms of the percentage of bandwidth used At 100 the gap between frames is at its minimum As the percentage is reduced the IPG is increased Rate The minimum IPG The interpacket gap IPG is the IPG ns is 12 bytes or 96 delay between successive bit times frames Rate The bit rate given as a number Bit Rate of kbps is a direct function of the bandwidth percentage Because the frame length can be random there is no fixed relationship between bit rate and data rate Disruption Threshold 0 10 000 000 Service disruption threshold microseconds When changing units from Percentage to IPG to Bit Rate the display will reset back to the last value entered for those units The following parameters are explained in terms of percentages but would appear as ns or kbps if Percentage was not selected as the Rate Data Input Parameter Beas o Start Enter the bandwidth percentage the R
13. a LOPS error will appear on one of the units due to bidirectional traffic Where do you want to go next Throughput Summary Results Throughput Aggregate Results 42 Ethernet Testing Throughput Stream Results Throughput Test Setup Working Desktop Home Ethernet Port Configuration Press a RJ 45 SFP XFP Test Port button to change the port in use Configure a Port Address if necessary Port Configuration Parameter Options i Details S XFP 1 XFP 1 SFP 2 SFP 3 RJ 45 2 RJ 45 3 interasse E e CCC Pause Frame Parameter Options Details O O Z o o U U O Enable The unit will stop Set how the local device will transmitting on receipt of respond to pause packets flow control pause packets Disable RxT 10GE will not stop TX even if it receives a pause frame from remote peer Delay O to 3355 us Set the length of time indicated by the Pause frame sent by the module LAN Local Area Network SDH or SONET measurements alarm AN generation and enor imedtion become avaliable Choose a port to test with Tests can run on all three ports at the same time Porti XFP 10 10GE test choose LAN or SONET SDH WAN Port2 3 RJ 45 10 100 1000BASE T test Port2 3 SFP 1000BASE T 100BASE FX 1 2 4G Fibre Channel Possible Port Combinations Port1 XFP Port2 RJ 45 Port3 RJ 45 B Porti XFP Port2 RJ 45 Port3 SFP Port1 XFP Port2 SFP Port3 SFP D Port1 XFP Port2 SFP P
14. formed from a 15 stage shift register and is not zero constrained This pattern contains up to 14 zeros in a row technical standard 249 Pseudorandom 511 bit code The pattern conforms to the ITU V 52 ac se This is the pseudorandom 127 bit code This is the pseudorandom 63 bit code 1111 Industry standard all 1s pattern 1010 Industry standard alternating ones and zeros pattern 0000 Industry standard all zeros pattern CIPAT Continuous Jitter Test Pattern is used for jitter measurements It is intended to expose a receiver s CDR Clock and Data Recovery circuit to instantaneous phase jumps The pattern alternates repeating low transition density patterns with repeating high transition density patterns CRPAT Continuous Random Test Pattern is intended to provide broad spectral content and minimal peaking that can be used for the measurement of jitter at either a component or system level The 1 in 4 pattern is used for stress testing circuits 1 16 The 1 in 16 pattern is used for overstressing AMI lines It violates industry standards for pulse density Therefore an AMI circuit that fails this test could still be a good circuit The pattern is frame aligned f is the framing bit as shown in its binary form f 0100 0000 0000 0000 1 8 The 1 in 8 pattern is used for stress testing AMI and B8ZS lines The pattern is also called 1 7 in older literature The pattern is frame aligned f is the framing bit as shown in its
15. set IP filters Touch an element to turn it On then configure any follow up settings Parameter si Details ee O Enter the address IP IP Unicast IP Multicast Multicast frames IP Broadcast Broadcast frames Press to confirm your entries and close the window Configure the other elements MAC VLAN Error Length Where do you want to go next Capture Throughput Test Setup Loopback Test Setup Throughput Summary Results IP Test Setup IP Testing Throughput Test Setup IP Ping Testing Home Capture Error Setup On the Capture tab set error count filters Touch an error to turn it On and the data on any errors of that type received will be captured Parameter Detais S O Frames containing Layer 4 Transmission Control or User Datagram Protocol TCP UDP Checksum IP Checksum IP checksum errors received Bit Error Packet Bit Errors FCS Error Frame Check Sequence errors Press to confirm your entries and close the window Configure the other elements MAC VLAN IP Length Where do you want to go next 38 Ethernet Testing Capture Throughput Test Setup Loopback Test Setup Throughput Summary Results IP Test Setup IP Testing Throughput Test Setup IP Ping Testing Home Capture Length Setup On the Capture tab set packet length count filters Touch a packet length to turn it On and the data on any packets of that length received will be captured e Test Frame e Non
16. 47 RxT 10GE User s Manual Throughput Aggregate Results Throughput Stream Results Working Desktop index Stream IP Setup Use the IP tab to configure the IP addresses for the stream s after selecting UDP as part of the Frame Setup on the Stream Table See Auto Fill to configure multiple streams To configure IP for the next or previous use at the bottom of the screen Address Input Statistic s Options Details _ _ O o o i O IP Source and IP Enter the new IP Enter the address using the pop up Destination address source number pad and destination e The IP address is the network layer pairs to use address that identifies the source and destination of the test frames IP Gateway Specify the Leave the gateway value as gateway 000 000 000 000 to indicate no addresses gateway Subnet Mask Specify the subnet For non DHCP static systems mask DHCP Offer The unit will acquire the IP address of Test Ports via DHCP You will see a waiting message then the Local IP Address Net Mask and Gateway IP address will be changed if successful IP Header Statistic s IP Option Tick to enable Opt whether or not to include the option type IP header field Protocol Ver4 View set the Set at TCP in a TCP UDP configuration he protocol originating e The assigned values are maintained by value selected is protocol module the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority the number placed 0 HOPOPT IANA
17. 824 T Carrier interfaces and G 825 SDH interfaces Bike ty Boat Ay ened arnt fag angi 4 N M g pmm 4 i te kh amp a Peace Jog HTT Neate Sher aa oS Jitter Amplitude Measurement vs Frequency Range RFC 4689 defines packet jitter as the absolute value of the difference between the Forwarding Delay of two consecutive received packets belonging to the same stream 91 RxT 10GE User s Manual ITU T 0 171 and 0 172 define a range to measure jitter amplitude Unit Intervals over a range of frequencies Hz The amplitude and frequency vary with the test interface being tested The jitter test equipment normally uses the filter to cover these ranges Jitter measurements normally start at 10 Hz f1 whereas wander measurement includes all the frequency ranges under 10 Hz Wideband measurements are normally performed from fO 2 Hz or f1 to f4 and are used to detect low frequency jitter Highband frequency measurements from f3 to f4 are used to identify the presence of high frequency jitter in the network Jitter Tolerance and Jitter Transfer have also been defined by ITU to set a limit that network elements regenerators multiplexers and other vendors must meet in order for the network to transmit error free signals Where do you want to go next Summary Results Aggregate Results Throughput Stream Results Working Desktop index Technology MPLS MultiProtocol Label Switching architect
18. BO 50 Quasi Random Signal pattern Formed from a 20 stage shift register and is zero constrained for a maximum of 14 consecutive zeros When transmitted in a framed signal up to 15 consecutive zeros will occur in accordance with AMI minimum density requirements This is the original 55 octet pattern used for stress testing T1 circuits and network elements If transmitted in a framed signal with AMI coding it will violate the 15 zero constraint It does not violate the zeros constraint in an unframed signal If framed the framing bit is inserted at octet boundaries Here is the actual pattern 80 80 80 80 80 80 00 80 80 80 80 80 80 CO 80 80 80 80 EO 80 80 80 80 AA AA AA AA 55 55 55 55 80 80 80 80 80 80 FF FF FF FF FF FF 01 80 01 80 01 80 01 80 01 80 01 80 The Daly 55 Octet pattern is a special stress pattern that obeys industry standards for pulse density and maximum consecutive zeros in both AMI and B8ZS coded circuits It is used for stress testing T1 circuits and network elements If transmitted in a framed signal with AMI coding it will violate the 15 zero constraint It does not violate the zeros constraint in an unframed signal If framed the framing bit is inserted at octet boundaries Note that the Daly 55 octet pattern replaced the original 55 octet pattern Here is the Daly 55 octet pattern 80 80 80 80 80 80 01 80 80 80 80 80 80 CO 80 80 80 80 EO 80 80
19. Desktop index 102 RFC2544 Testing RFC 2544 Frame Loss amp Back to Back Setup Configure the RFC 2544 frame loss and back to back tests Press OK to save the configuration Frame Loss e RFC2544 Frame Loss Scans DOWN from start rate with Step Rate until there are two consecutive no frame loss for all frames in the setup results or until the test reaches the O frame rate NE Test Frame Loss Scans UP from the Start Rate until the Stop Rate with Step Rate Parameters Options Details SSSSSOSCSC CSCSCSCSCCCC CM Y Duration Time 1 Time Base measurements on a length of time Time Frames 99 999 which you enter at the Time button seconds Frames N A FE Base measurements on a Frames number of frames 10 100 100 000 Start Rate 01 100 Set the rate at which frames will begin being transmitted T the rate recommended by RFC2544 is 100 Stop Rate 01 100 Set the rate at which frames will stop being transmitted N A RFC2544 test Rate Step Size 01 100 Determine the size percentage of each rate step e The RFC 2544 default is steps of 10 Back to Back Back to Back testing determines the maximum number of frames sent back to back at 100 frame rate that the DUT can process without losing frames Back to Back Testing Notes Parameters Options Details O O Z o O 2 100 seconds Enter the amount of time the frames will be sent initially Max Duration 2 100 seconds Enter the l
20. Failure to eject a drive properly may result in lost data Where do you want to go next The Working Desktop Meas Setup Configure measurement parameters Throughput Test Setup index RxT 10GE User s Manual Hardware Notes RxT 10GE is a touch screen test set use your finger or a stylus to make selections However you may find attaching and using a mouse is fastest Plug the power cord in on the right side and press and hold the top round button for a few moments to turn the unit on or off ANo liquids RxT has been designed to move water away from its vents but it is not waterproof avoid spills and liquids Get unpacking details See a graphic of the features buttons and ports Press the red power button to power on You will see a Sunrise Telecom screen then the unit will pause on the computer system desktop then your test application will automatically launch Modules are easy to exchange Ports Right Side USB 2 host USB 2 0 port port Mini USB No user application client off 10 100T Ethernet port Use for a network connection use for LAN remote control realGate system updates Ports Left Side Serial port no user application Plug in the AC charger See the Battery notes Non Test Ports Top USB 1 host USB 2 0 port port Earphone Plug in a headset BMic Plug in a microphone In addition the top of the unit features GPS and WiFi connectivity Just in front on top is a built in s
21. Ion the current chemistry of choice for high end portable equipment much greater care is required for Li Ion batteries Fortunately more precise equipment and monitoring systems are built into these battery packs for performance and safety reasons A more rigorous approach plus a profound awareness of Li Ions is vital to the wellbeing and 13 RxT 10GE User s Manual SAFETY of users bystanders equipment and premises It s important to remember that like other batteries these batteries too will explode if abused Registration and Calibration For warranty and safety purposes all Sunrise Telecom products must be registered by the owner and or end user Registration is the sole responsibility of the end user Products shall also be registered and contact information shall be updated when the end user or responsible person changes Customers would not only benefit from service notes safety notifications or recalls but from access to a wide range of improvements e g software updates new features new documentation etc Please follow the registration instructions that came with your product Customer and end user shall follow the recommended calibration verification and or preventive maintenance cycles for each specific product to keep it under warranty and assure safety During these procedures the battery pack will be checked for any sign of degradation leakage or any other possible defect that may affect safety Refer to the sp
22. LLC and SNAP appear EtherType I EEE 802 3 J Some Ethertype values such as 0800 and Ethertype AAAA are considered invalid To avoid potential Length problems with how a network device interprets Ethernet Il the Ethertype field 0800 is automatically chosen 64 5535 when IP is selected for the frame setup Enter the Ethertype value in its field On Off The LLC protocol is set to On for 802 3 SNAP On Off Toggle the SNAP protocol On or Off 802 3 only Mac Source Destination Parameter Options Details oS MAC Enter the Touch the MAC field Use the number pad Source Destination address which appears to enter the data e Each MAC address source and destination pair defines traffic flow Reset the MAC source address of that port to the factory set default The settings for each port along with the factory settings of the MAC addresses can be found on System gt Port Address Obtain the MAC destination address for each test stream via ARP A pop up reports the status of the ARP process IP ON only Troubleshooting ARP e Check the cables on both units e Make sure the Destination IP on the unit sending the ARP request matches the Source IP on the unit receiving the request Make sure IP is enabled Press OK to save your changes and return to the Stream Table Press Cancel to exit the screen without saving changes 46 Ethernet Testing Where do you want to go next Throughput Stream Table Setup
23. Note The key metrics are utilization and lost frames This is the basic configuration Use the buttons to enter a new quantity of streams for the table if necessary Measurement Setup Configure how and when results are taken Capture Filter Specify which frame elements will be captured Press START to begin the test then press TEST RESULTS to see the statistics Remember to press TX START to start the transmitter Where do you want to go next Throughput Summary Results Working Desktop index 41 RxT 10GE User s Manual Ethernet Connection Home Troubleshooting Extras ARP Error Message Connecting to an STT Ethernet Before you begin testing verify the link e Make sure to use the right type of connectors when connecting the test port to the fiber access point of the network e Make sure the laser is turned on for optical ports e Verify the port has a green LINK LED e For RJ 45 and SFP ports if there is no link then go to the Port window and set the Auto Negotiation to Disable on both units if applicable If that doesn t work set Auto Negotiation to Enable and configure the test set to match the DUT settings Getting the link up is the most important step in any application and it can be the most frustrating Take the time to ensure the Ethernet tab is properly configured You may need to make a change see what effect that has make another change and so on until the configuration is cor
24. Radio Frequency Radiation To comply with FCC RF exposure compliance requirements this device must not be co located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter Hardware Calibration Under normal usage the RxT does not require calibration However the optical power measurement on the optical module should be checked every 12 months Perform a level measurement with a hard loop at the optical transceiver module If the level measured falls outside the transmit level limits of the transceiver module even after performing an optical connector cleaning then the optical module may need to be replaced Contact Sunrise Telecom Customer Service for technical assistance or contact your local Sunrise Telecom sales representative or authorized distributor to purchase a replacement transceiver module Sunrise Telecom Transceiver Part Numbers Where do you want to go next Customer Service Working Desktop index Index RxT System Use this page to move through the Help system quickly RxT System Information Important Information Working Desktop Hardware Notes Computer System Measurement Setup Capture View Test Records Network Setup System Setup Status Remote Access WiFi Setup Customer Service Port Setup Ethernet Port Config Port Address Capture Throughput Testing Throughput Applications Ethernet Connection Test Setup Stream Table Setup Summary Results Aggregate Results Stream
25. Results Non Test Stream Results RFC2544 Testing RFC Applications RFC2544 NE Test Setup Frame Sizes Setup Throughput and Latency Setup Warnings and Recycling information Unpacking An overview of how the RxT 10GE desktop works including LEDs working with files and computer desktop notes Information about chassis ports and buttons Get details on Handling Optical Fiber Get details on the computer system features Setup a manual or timed test Configure filters for capturing packets view saved packets View export generate saved results profiles and reports Configure system Ethernet settings if necessary Date Time Zone Time of day screen brightness View or update the system Control RxT from a PC s browser View or configure optional wireless connections Contact Sunrise Telecom view warranty information Set up test ports Configure test port addresses if necessary Configure packet capturing filters Overview of common applications Make sure the link is up troubleshooting Access test configurations MAC VLAN MPLS IP UDP TCP Payload Traffic Shape Rx Filter View overall results for all streams View counts of results for all test streams View statistics for one stream View statistics for traffic not conforming to the test Troubleshoot a network over time Overview of common applications Choose a standard RFC2544 or an NE test setup RxT 10GE User s Manual Frame Loss
26. Results Home The top left of the results displays test status Elapsed Time How long the test has been running Remaining Time How long remains in the scheduled test or Continuous Banner A message summary banner of the status of the test It reports any errors or alarms along with a date and time stamp Below the banner view a list of logged events received errors and or alarms e g Lost Frame including a count of the number of errors with a resolution of one second The right side of the window shows more specific results Status Even though the test set generates pings there are circumstances which cause the pings not to be sent For example the port could lose link or be paused preventing the transmission of the Ethernet frames in which the ping packets reside In these situations the number of pings sent will not be displayed to avoid confusion Parameter Details S O TX Utilization Transmitted bandwidth as a percentage of maximum traffic rate minimum frame gap TX Line Rate Transmitted bit rate in kbps bps etc of the Ethernet frames aaa ignoring the frame gap preamble and SAD The data rate is always less than the line rate TX Data Rate Transmit data rate in kbps bps etc includes the frame headers but not the IPG or Preamble Thus the data rate reflects both the frame rate and frame size RX Utilization Received bandwidth as a percentage of maximum traffic rate minimum frame gap etc RX Da
27. Test Frame Frame not matching test configuration e Packet Length Jumbo over 1518 bytes e Packet Length 1024 1518 e Packet Length 512 1023 e Packet Length 256 511 e Packet Length 128 255 e Packet Length 65 127 e Packet Length 64 e Packet Length lt 64 runt packets Press to confirm your entries and close the window Configure the other elements MAC VLAN IP Length Where do you want to go next Capture Throughput Test Setup Loopback Test Setup Throughput Summary Results IP Test Setup IP Testing Throughput Test Setup IP Ping Testing Home 39 RxT 10GE User s Manual Throughput Test Profile Throughput is the basic test setup Select Carrier Class Ethernet then Throughput as the test type Press SETUP to configure the test To Configure a Throughput Test 1 Select Throughput under Carrier Class Ethernet then press Setup 2 On the Setup window if not already set choose a port by pressing the RJ 45 SFP XFP button 3 Configure the Stream Table L2 Framed only e If desired configure the Capture Filter e Press START then TEST RESULTS f Before you begin testing make sure the link is up To send loopback commands in a test press the L2 Loop button in the Action Bar To start the test press Start in the Action Bar The results Summary screen will appear Where would you like to go next Throughput Applications Throughput Summary Results Throughput Test Setup Work
28. The minimum recommended durations follow Burst Size Duration 64 bytes 0 0051 ms 1519 bytes 0 0121 ms 4096 bytes 0 3278 ms 12000 bytes 0 9600 ms Minimum Burst Durations Example Sending a 1510 byte burst at a burst duration of 0 0051 ms would likely lead to inaccurate results From the Throughput Stream Table press Traffic Shape and select Burst to configure Burst traffic Where do you want to go next Throughput Stream Table Setup Throughput Applications Throughput Summary Results Throughput Aggregate Results Throughput Stream Results Throughput Test Setup index 58 Ethernet Testing Test Patterns To send a standard test pattern with its 1s and Os reversed tick Invert Here is a list of standard test patterns the RxT LOGE supports Availability depends on configuration 2431 Industry standard 231 1 pseudo random bit sequence This signal is formed from a 31 stage shift register and is not zero constrained This pattern contains up to 30 zeros in a row 2 23 Industry standard 223 1 pseudo random bit sequence This signal is formed from a 23 stage shift register and is not zero constrained This pattern contains up to 22 zeros in a row 220 Industry standard 220 1 pseudo random bit sequence This signal is formed from a 20 stage shift register and is not zero constrained This pattern contains up to 19 zeros in a row 2415 Industry standard 215 1 pseudo random bit sequence This signal is
29. allows you to weigh the detail of the RFC 2544 test vs the time it will take Measurement Setup Configure how and when results are taken Where do you want to go next Stream Table Setup RFC Applications RFC Summary Results Working Desktop index 96 RFC2544 Testing RFC2544 Test Configuration Test Notes I see the application diagram To Configure an RFC 2544 Test The graphic reflects the test set up M shows where measurements are taken 1 Select RFC 2544 under Carrier Class Ethernet on the Test Profiles screen then press Setup 2 If not already set choose a port and rate by pressing the RJ 45 SFP XFP button 3 Configure the Type Test Type and Test Sequence as explained below 4 Press RFC2544 Setup to configure frame and test details 5 Press Streams Setup to configure the Stream Table If desired configure the Capture Filter 6 Press START then TEST RESULTS To Configure an RFC2544 NE Stress Test To stress an RFC2544 network element tests are performed incrementally for each frame size This is a burn in test 1 Select RFC 2544 under Carrier Class Ethernet on the Test Profiles screen then press Setup If not already set choose a port and rate by pressing RJ 45 SFP XFP Configure NE TEST as the Type Configure Test Type and Test Sequence as explained below Press RFC2544 Setup to configure frame and test details On the Throughput tab set e Starting Rate 10 e Stop Rate 10
30. amp Back to Back Setup Stream Table Setup RFC2544 Summary Results Throughput Latency Results Thruput Aggregate Results IP Ping Testing IP Testing IP Text Setup Ping Test Setup Ping Test Results Echo Results Trace Route Setup Trace Route Results FTP Setup FTP Web Results IP Adv HTTP Setup Aggregate Results Loopback Features Loopback Test Setup Loopback Responder Loop Control Monitor Testing Monitor Applications Monitor Setup Technology Overview Overview of common application Choose PING or TRACEROUTE test setup IP and VLAN details Get details on tx pings and rx ping echoes Applies to both PING and TRACEROUTE tests Learn about Ethernet technology RxT System Unpacking To unpack and test a new test set 1 Remove the packing list test set and accessories from the shipping container 2 Inspect all parts and immediately report any damage to the carrier and to Sunrise Telecom 3 Verify that all parts specified on the packing list were received 4 Complete the Warranty Registration Card and return it immediately to Sunrise Telecom Sunrise Telecom must receive the Warranty Registration Card in order to provide software updates Where do you want to go next Meas Setup Configure measurement parameters Working Desktop Number Pad To enter data oftentimes you will use a number pad which pops up automatically when you select a configuration item suc
31. and captured packet files are opened viewed with a separate application The required application will launch automatically when you open a saved file Use File gt Close Quit to exit the secondary application See http www wireshark org docs for help using the Wire Shark application View Results Feature Buttons Highlight a file then choose an action to perform on it Open a saved file to review it Delete the highlighted profile or saved file Rename Rename the highlighted file using the soft keyboard which appears Copy Save a copy of the file under a new name edit with the soft keyboard which appear E A few characters such as are not allowed in file names Compress File Reduce the file size lt details gt Generate a Retrieve and load an exported profile or Export save the file to Report an external location an SD Card or USB Flash Drive Export Export save the file to an external USB Flash Drive Where do you want to go next Throughput Test Setup RFC2544 Test Setup Loopback Test Setup IP Testing index 73 RxT 10GE User s Manual View Test Records Reports On the View Test Records Reports tab File Format When applicable choose one of the following e CSV File On to create a csv file to use in a program such as Excel e PDF File On to create a PDF file which opens with any PDF viewer A PDF viewer is available on the system desktop Report Selection Choose the
32. available on at into the IP header 1 ICMP www ianan org assignments protocol it doesn t indicate 2 IGMP numbers Commonly used values include the proper 3 GGP 6 TCP or 17 UDP datagram or For example setting the Protocol field payload of the to 001 which indicates an ICMP payload payload does not create an ICMP payload in the test traffic This can cause problems with network elements who look at the Protocol field and attempt to process the non existent protocol payload Type of Service RFC1349 Select the Type of Service protocol 48 Ethernet Testing Ver4 RFC2474 e This selection determines the rest of the third column e See the TOS parameters IP Header Length Set the number of These form the header Ver4 32 bit 4 byte e A setting of 5 indicates an IP header words of 20 bytes Precedence O 7 o y Flag Don t Yes No Select whether or not to fragment the Fragment Ver4 packet Flag More 1 Additional The packets generated by the RxT 10GE Fragment Ver4 fragments follow are never actually fragmented even if the current one the fragmentation bits are set otherwise 0 No additional fragment bits follow Fragment Offset 0 8191 bits Enter the position of the fragment in the v4 original datagram e Leave at 0 if you are unsure of what to select Ver4 64 and 128 are commonly used Precedence 0 7 Enter the Precedence using the number RFC1349 pad Oooo O O Oooo o O Type of Ser
33. binary form f 0100 0000 DALY55 The Daly 55 Octet pattern is a special stress pattern that obeys industry standards for pulse density and maximum consecutive zeros in both AMI and B8ZS coded circuits It is used for stress testing T1 circuits and network elements If transmitted in a framed signal with AMI coding it will violate the 15 zero constraint It does not violate the zeros constraint in an unframed 59 RxT 10GE User s Manual OCT55 DALY55 signal If framed the framing bit is inserted at octet boundaries The Daly 55 octet pattern replaced the original 55 octet pattern Here is the Daly 55 octet pattern 80 80 80 80 80 80 01 80 80 80 80 80 80 CO 80 80 80 80 EO 80 80 80 80 AA AA AA AA 55 55 55 55 80 80 80 80 80 80 FF FF FF FF FF FF 01 80 01 80 01 80 01 80 01 80 01 80 Industry standard FOX pattern is used in data communications applications The ASCII translation of the pattern is the Quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dogs 0123456789 sentence The pattern is frame aligned to ensure proper ASCII translation of the bits It is recommended that the pattern be sent with framed signals otherwise ASCII translation is not possible Here is the pattern 2A 12 A2 04 8A AA 92 C2 D2 04 42 4A F2 EA 72 04 62 F2 1A 04 52 AA B2 OA CA 04 F2 6A A2 4A 04 2A 12 A2 04 32 82 5A 9A 04 22 F2 E2 04 8C 4C CC 2C AC 6C EC 1C 9C OC
34. drive containing the file and open it See below RxT 10GE can open the compressed file 27 RxT 10GE User s Manual If you are Exporting a file with Remote operation a pdf viewer appears when the report has generated showing the file you exported Make sure to press Save to save the file for future use Top Open a Saved File via the File Manager To open a saved file via the computer system 1 Press Bon the front of the chassis to switch to the system desktop 2 Touch the File Manager icon It may take several seconds for the program to open 3 Under Places select File System After a moment the right half of the screen will fill with the a list or display of file icons Touch View As above the display to choose View as List or View as Icons as you prefer 4 Open the Media folder 5 Choose the location of your file an SD Card or a USB drive 6 Browse to the required file and open it Generate a Report 1 Press Saved Results on any screen 2 Select the file name you want a report from on the Results File window 3 On the Report Setup tab File Format When applicable choose one of the following e CSV File On to create a csv file to use in a program such as Excel e PDF File On to create a PDF file which opens with any PDF viewer A PDF viewer is available on the system desktop Report Selection Choose the result to appear in the Report Only Summary is selected by default to save space 5
35. e Dual Through Traffic transmitted from one RxT 10GE port is received and measured looped e Bidirectional Traffic is looped port to port and measurements are taken on each side 3 Press START TEST RESULTS appear See the diagrams To send loopback commands in a test press the Loop Control button in the Action Bar Where do you want to go next Monitor Setup Summary Results Working Desktop Index 130 Monitor Testing Monitor Test Setup To monitor traffic select Monitor as the Test Profile then configure this window e It is not necessary to physically connect the Tx port e RxT 10GE loops back the traffic to itself for you to monitor e Press START on the Action Bar to begin monitoring e You can only view one port the active one at a time The graphic shows how MONITOR mode works Frames received on one port will be transmitted out its linked port A signal is received at each port in use and measurements are taken on the signals at the M in the graphic See the diagrams Dual Mode Typically RJ 45 or SFP monitor tests are run using both ports 2 and 3 on the graphic ports 2 and 3 are connected Starting monitor on two ports ports 2 and 3 starts the taking of statistics on both ports 2 and 3 When you press Stop data for the active port for example Port 2 is saved However this data also includes results for the other port Port 3 Single Mode The XFP port by default works in si
36. is intended for all of the devices on the network the destination MAC address is set to FF FF FF FF FF FF View Broadcast Test Frame rates and the Current and Average multicast bandwidth utilization statistics Number of MAC frames which don t match the Stream Table View Invalid MAC Frames Current and Average Frame rates and the Current and Average Invalid MAC Frames bandwidth utilization statistics Number of frames which match the Stream Table View Good Frames Current and Average Frame rates and the Current and Average Good Frames bandwidth utilization statistics Number of frames containing errors View Error Frames Current and Average Frame rates and the Current and Average Error Frames bandwidth utilization statistics Number of frames containing VLAN tags View Total VLAN Frames Current and Average Frame rates and the Current and Average Total VLAN Frames bandwidth utilization statistics Number of frames containing exactly one VLAN tag View Single Tag VLAN Frames Current and Average Frame rates and Current and Average Single Tag VLAN Frames bandwidth utilization statistics Advanced IP Features Multi Tagged Number of frames containing exactly more than one VLAN tag VLAN Frames Stacked Q in Q View Multi Tagged VLAN Frames Current and Average Frame rates and the Current and Average Multi Tagged VLAN Frames bandwidth utilization statistics MPLS Frames Number of frames containing MPLS labels View MPL
37. of how to use RXT s controls and features Visit the Hardware Notes for hardware tips G Get a technology tip related to the topic Get a testing tip information that will help you in your testing A button may be referred to via text in bold for example Start or via its icon FCC Information FCC ID UEBXT5000 This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 this device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation RxT 10GE User s Manual Note This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user s authority to operate the equipment Caution Exposure to
38. press Test Setup Touch the graphic to configure the Address Setup Alternately press L2 LOOP in the Action Bar to access the Loopback Control Setup screen in a BER test or RFC2544 test The commands are sent as configured here on the Loop Control tab See Loopback Test Setup for details on using the loopback test mode RxT 1OGE can loop up and loop down Sunrise Telecom Ethernet testers using the standard Sunrise Telecom loop commands Ethernet Settings Layer Select the format for the loop up and loop down frames This selection determines which of the remaining items need to be configured Ethernet Options Layer 1 Layer 2 3 e Layer 1 The test set will transmit a Layer 1 loop up or loop down command to a remote test set configured as a responder Upon receiving the Layer 1 loop up command the remote test set will retransmit all incoming frames including frames with CRC errors without modifying them e Layer 2 3 The test set will transmit a Layer 3 loop up or loop down command to a remote test set configured as a responder Upon receiving the Layer 2 3 loop up command the remote test set will swap the MAC IP addresses and loop the frame if it is not destined for that specific test port These frames will not be looped Errored Frames MAC Broadcast MAC Multicast Frames with identical Source and Destination MAC Addresses such as a keep alive frame IP Broadcast IP Multicast IP Multicast Frames with identical Source and Destination
39. result to appear in the Report Only Summary is selected by default to save space 4 If desired enter Customer User and Trouble Ticket information Press Apply then return to the Report Setup tab to generate the file 5 Press Create Report at the bottom of the Report Setup tab to generate the file e The new file appears on the Reports tab To read the file attach the external disk to another RxT go to the system desktop and open the File Manager Choose the external drive containing the file and open it See below RxT 10GE can open the compressed file Make sure to remove the external disk properly If you are Exporting a file with Remote operation a pdf viewer appears when the report has generated showing the file you exported Make sure to press Save to save the file for future use View Reports Feature Buttons Highlight a file then choose an action to perform on it View Open a saved file to review it Delete Delete the highlighted profile or saved file Rename Rename the highlighted file using the soft keyboard which appears Where do you want to go next Throughput Test Setup RFC2544 Test Setup Loopback Test Setup IP Testing index 74 View Test Records File Usage View detailed memory storage information on saved files File types reported on e Setup e Results e Reports e Captures For each type of file view the e number of files saved e amount of memory used Storage
40. router looks at the destination IP address in the IP header consults its internal tables to decide what to do with the packet and then forwards it on usually over a different network interface to a different router The backbone of the Internet is made up of thousands of routers working in collaboration to forward packets from one to another until they reach their destination Gateways A gateway is a router that provides access to the Internet for user computers it connects dissimilar networks and passes information between them On one side it has one or more connections to network of routers that make up the internet On the other side it connects to individual computers In TCP IP the default gateway address is the address where the Internet protocol sends packets destined for remote networks unless a different route is configured Only used for static IP There is no fundamental difference between what a gateway does and what a router does and the terms are often used interchangeably They both take in packets on one interface and forward them out of another according to the destination IP address The difference is in their position in the network Routers live inside the network communicating with one another Gateways live at the edge of the network communicating between routers and individual users DNS The DNS Domain Name System was created to handle the challenge of both remembering IP addresses and the fact that com
41. series of pings it is possible to learn a lot about the state of the network If we send a series of echo requests and never get any echo replies then something is broken perhaps the network itself is down or perhaps the computer we are trying to reach has lost its network connection If we send a series of echo requests but only get replies to some of them then the network and remote computer are working but not very well some IP packets are 88 Ethernet Testing getting lost Even though TCP can compensate for lost packets there is a limit to how much it can do and every time a packet gets lost TCP has to send it again making the overall network slower As a rough guide anything more than about 10 packet loss will break TCP and anything more than 1 will tend to make it painfully slow A well engineered network should have negligible packet loss Each time we send an echo request we can time how long it takes for the echo reply to come back This can tell us something about the quality of the network connection For example if it takes a second for the reply to come back then there is a long network delay which probably makes it unusable for some delay sensitive applications such as voice Routers A router is a computer in the core of the network that forwards routes packets from one part of the network to another It has multiple network interfaces each connected to another router Every time it receives a packet a
42. the Internet or other packet switched networks W WAN Wide Area Network WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy WPA Wifi Protected Access 802 1X compliant WPA2 Wifi Protected Access 802 11i compliant 135 RxT 10GE User s Manual X XFP 10G Small Form Pluggable hot swappable optical transceiver 136 A L ARPS arire sitewide EAA 113 LIV E E E en cennetes 54 D M Dual ports ecceeeeee eee ee ee eee ee eee 85 Module Exchang ceeeeeeeeeeees 8 E P EGC E E T 6 PAUSE isiiecrbiterinieariteered setae seeaie 1 F Port Logi vccceiecesteceeiaastlte olla denweceds 1 FIOW CONTIOL 2 0 cece eee eee eee iaai 1 T H Technology eceeceee etna teenies 74 75 Helpar a AN beds 1 Thresholds siistias war ienievaterieciess 91 I Troubleshooting ARP scceseeeenee ees 39 INVG Mii ETS 51 137
43. 0 e Step size 10 Press Streams Setup to configure the Stream Table If desired configure the Capture Filter Press START then TEST RESULTS PP SP O 90 NI Type RFC2544 NE An RFC2544 test tests a device by TEST transmitting various frame lengths at different rates to find the maximum throughput rate An NE test stresses a NE at a variety of rates which you define Test Type Point to Point View or set the port connections Dual Ports RFC 2544 tests require the use of two ports RFC 2544 may be run between two different ports such as XFP SFP XFP RJ 45 SFP SFP SFP RJ 45 97 RxT 10GE User s Manual RJ 45 RJ 45 e If you need to change the connection touch first the TX port then the RX port you want to have work with it e Pair the TX port with the matching RX port unless otherwise indicated by your design Test Sequence Check the types of tests to run e Throughput Latency Determine the maximum frame rate that has no lost frames and measure the time it takes for the test frame to pass through the device under test The latency of each frame is measured Frame Loss and Back to Back Generates a graph that shows the frame loss rate as a function of the frame rate The test begins at the starting rate usually 100 sends a number of frames and then calculates the frame loss rate as a percentage based on the following equation Input count output count x 100 Input count Back to Back determines th
44. 44 Applications Loopback Test Setup IP Test Setup Throughput Test Setup index Capture MAC Setup On the Capture tab set MAC filters Touch an element to turn it On then configure any follow up settings Parameter Details o MAC Enter the address Source Destination MAC Unicast MAC Multicast Multicast frames MAC Broadcast Broadcast frames Ethertype Some Ethertype values such as 0800 and AAAA are considered invalid To avoid potential problems with how a network device interprets the Ethertype field 0800 is automatically chosen when IP is selected for the frame setup Press to confirm your entries and close the window Configure the other elements VLAN IP Error Length Where do you want to go next Capture Throughput Test Setup Loopback Test Setup Throughput Summary Results IP Test Setup IP Testing Throughput Test Setup IP Ping Testing Home Capture VLAN Setup On the Capture tab set VLAN filters Touch an ID to turn it On then enter the number Parameter Options Details S O 0 4095 Enter the optional Virtual LAN identification number VLAN tags conform to IEEE 802 1Q and IEEE 802 1P Configure the other elements MAC IP Error Length Where do you want to go next 37 RxT 10GE User s Manual Capture Throughput Test Setup Throughput Summary Results Loopback Test Setup IP Test Setup Working Desktop index Capture IP Setup On the Capture tab
45. 80 80 AA AA AA AA 55 55 55 55 80 80 80 80 80 80 FF FF FF FF FF FF 01 80 01 80 01 80 01 80 01 80 01 80 Pattern Inversion PRBS patterns only Transmit the selected pattern in an inverted form 1s and Os reversed Remove the check mark to send the pattern normally User Edit and send your own test pattern The corresponding field will become active Enter up to a 16 bit pattern in the field Previous User patterns are stored You may select a previously programmed User pattern from the drop down list Remember to deselect the User button when you want to return to using a standard pattern the button text will turn from orange to gray 60 Ethernet Testing Where do you want to go next Throughput Test Setup Throughput Stream Table Setup Throughput Summary Results Throughput Aggregate Results Throughput Stream Results Home Throughput Non Stream Results Non Test Stream traffic shows statistics on traffic which does not meet the Stream Table configurations The statistics are the same as on the Aggregate Results Statistic Cd Total Frames Number of received transmitted frames Total Bytes Number of received transmitted bytes e Frame Rate Current fps Average fps Minimum fps Maximum fps e Utilization Current Average Minimum Maximum Line Rate Transmitted and Received data rate in kbps bps etc The data rate includes the frame headers but no
46. Alternatively an LSP carrying a single traffic class uses the label to determine the per hop behavior of the class Frame Size Efficiency VLAN Tagging MAC Addresses IPG Where do you want to go next Ethernet Frames Ethernet Overview Throughput Stream Table Setup Throughput Summary Results Throughput Aggregate Results Throughput Stream Results Working Desktop index Technology Ethernet Optical Line Encoding Before being transmitted across optical fiber the bits of the Ethernet signal are converted using an encoding scheme known as 8B 10B encoding for Gigabit Ethernet or 64B 66B encoding for 10 Gigabit Ethernet A receiving device reverses the encoding so that the encoding is completely transparent to the user Encoding helps to ensure a balanced transmission of 1s and Os in the signal which aids in DC balance and clock recovery 8B 10B Encoding 8B 10B encoding takes each block of 8 bits and translated them into a code word that is 10 bits long For a Gigabit Ethernet this means the number of bits transmitted is actually 1 25 Gbps 1 Gbps x 10 bits 8 bits With 10 bits there are 1024 unique code words for mapping 256 possible 8 bit data blocks e Many code words are not used e Some are reserved for link level signaling e In many cases a single 8 bit block can be mapped into one of two code words that are bitwise inverts of each other Code words are chosen in such a manner so as the number of 1s and Os b
47. C2544 Thruput Latency Results View the throughput and latency results for each selected frame size in tabular form Latency results are shown by frame size and throughput in microseconds e Quick Latency Results from the highest successful throughput test e Standard Latency Runs traffic at the set throughput rate for two minutes measuring the latency of a single tagged frame sent a minute into the test the reported latency is the result of twenty such tests Frame Size Frame size in bytes Throughput Throughput Percentage and In Progress Pass Fail No Link Status e The rate passes if it meets or exceeds the Throughput standard Latency View the Average Maximum and Minimum latency results in microseconds and the link Status for each frame size Where do you want to go next RFC2544 Aggregate Results RFC2544 Throughput Test Setup RFC2544 Applications Working Desktop Index RFC2544 Thruput Chart Results The graph presents Throughput results e Horizontal axis Size of each frame under test e Vertical axis Frame rate percentage of 100 maximum Each result is the maximum throughput rate for the frame size I see the Throughput Latency tab for exact values If you use very small values you will need to zoom in to see the results Where do you want to go next RFC2544 Aggregate Results RFC2544 Throughput Test Setup RFC2544 Applications Working Desktop Index RFC2544 Back to Back Table Results This funct
48. IP Addresses For a standard Ethernet test press ARP to have the RxT 10GE is ARP for the MAC address of the remote RxT 10GE unit which is set in Loopback Responder mode Parameter betas CCC CSCO C C C C S MAC IP The Source addresses are those used by the test port sending Source the command MAC IP The Destination addresses must match the MAC and IP Destination addresses of the port or unit to be looped An IP Destination may need to be entered even for a Layer 2 loopback Press ARP to send a request a pop up window shows the ARP status Gateway Required if the device to be looped is outside the local subnetwork Subnet Mask Specify the subnet mask VLAN For a Layer 2 3 loopback touch VLAN 1 2 3 to turn the VLAN tag on Next enter the VLAN Priority level UPI CFI and ID information See Stream VLAN Setup Start Loopback Control Press Apply to confirm the settings Press Loop Up or Loop Down to send the indicated command from the Control tab The Status field reports on the status of the loop 126 Loopback Testing e The loop up command indicates the layer 1 or 2 3 e The loopback command contains the MAC and IP address of the test set to be looped as appropriate When the test has started the Summary and Aggregate results windows appear Possible Status Messages You may see these for each test layer e Waiting for response e Timeout e Loopup Successful e Loopdown
49. LAN Tagging BERT ID Ox40 to 0x8100 e The RxT 10GE place the BERT ID value in the IP Header Identification field so the tester can easily identify whether IP traffic is BERT traffic or not Visit the Technology Overview for information on frame components and more Press OK to save changes and close the window Press Cancel to close with window without saving changes Where do you want to go next Throughput Applications Throughput Summary Results Throughput Test Setup Working Desktop index 44 Ethernet Testing Stream Auto Fill On the Throughput Stream Table press AutoFill to configure the stream element s MAC VLAN etc of multiple streams at one time On the Auto Fill popup configure the fill parameters 1 Select the frame element to configure using Auto Fill 2 Enter the req uired Auto Fill Item data Example if you had selected MAC Destination as the Auto Fill item the field below would appear as MAC Destination Tap it to bring up a keypad then enter the starting MAC Destination address Auto Fill Action To access all the Auto Fill options ou must have 2 or more streams Parameter Details Action O Z O Increment Decrement Where do you want to go next The frame element settings will be identical for all active streams The frame element settings will increase by one each time The frame element settings will decrease by one e
50. Once the test has started RxT 10GE will go into a waiting for loopback command state A screen message informs you that the test set is in the waiting for loopback command state The test set s MAC and IP address appear as appropriate Once RxT 10GE receives a loop up command from the received traffic it will begin looping back frames based on the layer indicated in the loop command frame Layer 1 Layer 2 or Layer 3 A screen message appears informing you that the test set is in an active loopback state When RxT 10GE receives a loop down command from the received traffic it will cease looping back frames and re enter the waiting for loopback command state Once you stop the test RxT 10GE will return to the waiting for loopback command state 124 Loopback Testing Where do you want to go from here Loop Control Throughput Test Setup Throughput Summary Results Working Desktop index Loopback Responder To have RxT 10GE respond to loopbacks once you have selected Loopback as the Test Profile configure the Test Setup setting Responder as the Type The signal graphic both reflects the port and test setup and gives you access to the associated configuration screens RxT 10GE will enact a Layer 1 Layer 2 or Layer 3 loopback as instructed in the command Use caution when using loopback mode because some network equipment may not allow the loopback of some frames It can cause such equipment to shut down the po
51. Results Tab Work with saved View_Test Records Setup results files e Reports Tab Work with previously generated csv and pdf results reports e Capture Tab Work with files of captured packets See Capture for more information e File Usage Tab View detailed memory storage information on saved files Files may be exported from most screens Setup Feature Buttons Highlight a file then choose an action to perform on it The Action Bar for each type of saved file has minor variations This table summarizes all of the functions View review it Load Delete Rename Rename the highlighted file using the soft keyboard which appears Copy Save a copy of the file under a new name edit with the soft keyboard which appears A few characters such as are not allowed in file names Load Default Load the factory default profile Import Export Retrieve and load an exported profile or Export save the file to an external location a USB Flash Drive Export a File To save a file to a removable disk 1 Press Saved Results in the Action Bar 2 Highlight a file and select Export A Report Results from File window pops up A Choose the external location an SD Card or USB Flash Drive 3 On the Report Setup tab File Format When applicable choose one of the following e CSV File On to create a csv file to use in a program such as Excel e PDF File On to create a PDF file which opens with any PDF viewer A PDF viewer
52. RxT 10GE User s Manual Table of Contents RIT SYSTEM irie A areata atin ade EEE dale ad dees date taadueee abana kaw EAA S 1 Working Desktop mergis ennmi taon che AENA EIERNE AA EDR NAA 1 Important Information 2sssievecccrsuciviinesta iieiaei aAA AEAN NET A KE EA ed 3 Index ai aaa aa a EA a A een a ee A I a eh a 5 Unpacking anatas a aea ent e A E EA E E a aa AAE a ida a a 7 N mber Pad vaacices cxee snd eva viwease Ean ANA A ANUE RA DAAE ENE EEE TE EAA AAA 7 Computer System NOteSis ieee tas nas ea PA ERAKETA TRAE a ENA ease beets a 8 Hardware Notes s accieutccaeeckhah vddaes A A weds sh nwba eden octcsaaltaeecleeue te 10 RxT 10GE System Overview Graphic ccccccec eect rece eee ne tenet nent ees 12 Sunrise Telecom Transceiver Part NUMDEPS cccecceseeeeeeee sees sees eens enaeenee eee eaees 12 BQ Si yi scala hate tate Misi A ate toate dara gate nid A E E A AS 13 Handling Optical Fiber aiiin miesien aiina tiincrde daddys wate ald ENAA ANELAR E 17 CUSLOMEr Servite es a A et nas A ae ae aaa ae 19 Express Limited Warranty ssessssssrssrrsrrsrnsnnsennennesnesnonnsrnseronrrorrnerennnennennan 20 Measurement See printr iNET GTER O ONUA OE EEEE OENAR S 21 System SetU er ranir rr eIn ner em AOA RIESANA ADINA ESANARI NSAN SATAR 23 Systenr Status sause AELE EEA EA AAE EEA AAEE EREA ce dah ste alectle pence 24 Software Options sviin inteni ii sais va eens EE A EAE AAA AT E e E ii aaea i 25 View Test Records SUMMAry ss esssrssrssrsarrerrs
53. S Frames Current and Average Frame rates and the Current and Average MPLS Frames bandwidth utilization statistics IPv4 Frames Number of frames containing version 4 IP View I Pv4 Frames Current and Average Frame rates I Pv4 Current and Average I Pv4 Frames bandwidth utilization statistics I Pv4 Multicast Current and Average Frame Rates as well as Current and Average utilization rates I Pv4 Broadcast Current and Average Frame Rates as well as Current and Average utilization rates TCP Frames Number of frames containing TCP View TCP Frames Current and Average Frame rates and the Current and Average TCP Frames bandwidth utilization statistics UDP Frames Number of frames containing TCP View UDP Frames Current and Average Frame rates and the Current and Average UDP Frames bandwidth utilization statistics Pause Count of received pause frames Frames Frame Gap View the Minimum Maximum and Average frame gap The minimum IPG is 12 bytes or 96 bit times Service Count of received service disruptions Disruption Service Disruption Duration The longest packet interval Events detected during the measurement is displayed in microseconds Service Disruption Min Max Avg Minimum Maximum and Average disruptions Latency Measures the time it takes for each test frame to pass through Min Max Avg the device under test Sunrise Tagging required View Minimum Maximum and Average statistics hese measurements assume a loopback at t
54. Similar to the throughput test the test begins at 100 frame rate by sending a predetermined number of frames and recording the percentage of lost frames The bandwidth is reduced by a preset amount 10 or less and the test is repeated If two successive trials result in no frame loss the lower rates are not tested and assumed to have zero frame loss This test is repeated for each frame size 99 RxT 10GE User s Manual Where do you want to go next RFC2544 Signal Setup RFC2544 Throughput Application RFC2544 NE Stress Test Configuration Home RFC2544 Applications RxT 10GE uses UDP echo request frames as specified by RFC2544 See the application diagram RFC2544 Throughput Test RFC2544 is an automated test which will transmit a variety of frame lengths at different frame rates to find the optimal performance of the device under test DUT The signal configuration is the same as BERT but without the need to specify frame length traffic setting or test pattern The Test Layer selection and Stream Table for RFC2544 is identical to that for BERT To configure an RFC2544 throughput test select RFC2544NE Test as the test mode on the Test Profile Configure the Layer and Filter Selection if desired Only 1 stream is allowed On the Test Setup window click the graphic to configure the test details RFC2544 NE Stress Test In a Network Element NE stress test tests are performed incrementally for each frame size NE te
55. Stream Payload tab Lost Sequence The transmitted sequence number will skip a value causing a lost frame to be detected at the far end Requires Sunrise Tags enabled Duplicate The transmitted sequence number will duplicate the previous 77 RxT 10GE User s Manual Requires Sunrise Tags enabled Out of Sequence The transmitted sequence number will transpose two values causing an out of sequence defect at the far end Requires a Sunrise Tag be enabled on the Stream Payload tab Error Types by Rate Select the type of error to inject which depends on the type of test Details 1G Default Errors 231 1 23 1 279 1 29 1 1111 0000 1010 1100 CJPAT CRPAT User 32 User 1024 10G Default Errors FCS CRC Bit Lost Sequence Out of Sequence Duplicate Sequence IP Checksum User3200 C2322 bits pattern data support increment pattern 4 Payload length is 1000 bytes A User pattern is filled with every four bytes with same data The User 1024 pattern is filled every 128 bytes Error Availability Layer Default SN Errors Sequence Number L2 PRBS FCS CRC FCS BIT L2 FCS CRC IP TCP UDP Framed BIT Checksum Checksum Checksum Sequence Duplicate Sequence Number To configure error injection press the error injection button when it s available on the Action Bar a Where do you want to go next Working Desktop index 78 Ethernet Testing Technology Ethernet Overview Once the primary delivery
56. Successful Where do you want to go next Loopback Test Setup Throughput Test Setup RFC2544 Applications Working Desktop index Loopback Ports Note Different ports on the Sunrise Telecom RxT XTT STT and MTT behave differently in Loopback mode based on the type of MAC frame received MAC Unicast Yes No NO NO Multicast Yes es NON Broadcast Yes Yess NOT NO e Keepalivee Yes sf Yes NOC Yes The frame will be looped back No The frame will not be looped back Identical Source and Destination addresses Loopback Mode and MAC Frames Where do you want to go next Loopback Test Setup index Loopback Query To perform loopback testing choose Loopback Test from the Test Profiles then press Setup RxT 10GE can Control a loopback Query to see if a loopback is in place or work as a loopback responder To start the query process press Loop Query at the bottom of the loopback Query tab Results appear in the field The loop query command is used by the control unit to determine the loop state of the far end unit which will respond to the loop query whether it is in manual or responder mode The query response indicates the loopback mode state and layer of the far end unit 127 RxT 10GE User s Manual State Looped Up Looped Down Manual Waiting Responder Layer Layer 1 Layer 2 Layer 3 Unknown Waiting Responder Where do you want to go next Loopback Test Setup Throug
57. Telecom for repair Out of warranty repairs require both an RMA and a Purchase Order before the unit is returned All repairs are warranted for 90 days Please contact Customer Service if you need additional assistance Customer Service Sunrise Telecom Incorporated 302 Enzo Drive San Jose CA 95138 U S A Tel 1 408 360 2200 or 1 800 701 5208 Fax 1 408 363 8313 Internet http www sunrisetelecom com E mail support sunrisetelecom com Offices Sunrise Telecom offices are located around the world HEADQUARTERS 302 Enzo Drive San Jose CA 95138 USA Tel 408 363 8000 Fax 408 363 8313 info sunrisetelecom com SUNRISE TELECOM ATLANTA 3075 Northwoods Circle Norcross GA 30071 USA Tel 770 446 6086 Fax 770 446 6850 catv sunrisetelecom com SUNRISE TELECOM CHINA Room 1503 Tower 3 No 1 Xizhimenwai Street Xicheng District Beijing 100044 CHINA Tel 86 10 5830 2220 Fax 86 10 5830 2239 info sunrisetelecom com cn SUNRISE TELECOM FRANCE SAS ZA Courtaboeuf 2 Immeuble le Ceylan 6 All e de Londres 91140 Villejust FRANCE Tel 33 0 1 6993 8990 Fax 33 0 1 6993 8991 info sunrisetelecom fr SUNRISE TELECOM GERMANY GmbH Grabenstrasse 1 16 M ssingen GERMANY Tel 49 7473 378 2400 Fax 49 7473 378 2424 info sunrisetelecom de 19 RxT 10GE User s Manual SUNRISE TELECOM TAIWAN 21 Wu Chuan 3rd Road Wu Ku Hsiang Taipei County 248 Taiwan R O C Tel 886 2 5578 0788 Fax 886 2 2298 2575 info sunr
58. Test as the test type on the RFC2544 Signal setup window to perform RFC 2544 tests Throughput Quick Latency NE Parameter Options Details O O O Oo Duration Time Set how measurements will be taken Frames TI ME Base measurements on a length of time FRAMES Base measurements on a number of frames Frames e 10 100M Duration Frames N A GigE Options 10 000 1 000 000 10GE Options 10 000 10 000 00 0 Start Rate 01 100 Set the rate at which frames will begin being transmitted e 100 is a good starting rate for a standard RFC test recommended in RFC 2544 e For NE testing select the rate applicable to your setup Stop Rate 01 100 Set the rate at which frames will stop being transmitted 100 is typical 104 RFC2544 Testing Rate Step Size 01 100 Each step increases or decreases the traffic rate by the specified amount The NE Test tests the N A RFC2544 throughput and or latency at different test rates test and gives the result for each one RFC2544 specifies a default resolution of 10 This means if the true throughput rate of the DUT was 98 5 the test would report 90 In some cases higher precision is required hence the default for the test set is set to 1 0 Make sure to set the Starting and Stop Rates when configuring an NE test Standard Latency Latency measures the time it takes for the test frame to pass through the device under test The la
59. Warranty Registration Card and return it immediately to Sunrise Telecom Sunrise Telecom Incorporated must receive your warranty registration information either online or by the enclosed card in order to provide you with updated software releases Unpacking Details Warnings and Cautions A Using the supplied equipment in a manner not specified by Sunrise Telecom may impair the protection provided by the equipment A This is a Class 1 LASER product Avoid looking directly at the Transmitter source For added safety turn off the laser when not in use End of Life Recycling and Disposal Information DO NOT dispose of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment WEEE as unsorted municipal waste For proper disposal return the product to Sunrise Telecom Please contact our local offices or service centers for information on how to arrange the return and recycling of any of our products EC Directive on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment WEEE he Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive aims to minimize the impact of the disposal of electrical and electronic equipment on the environment It encourages and sets criteria for the collection treatment recycling recovery and disposal of waste electrical and electronic equipment Tips on RxT amp this Help System Disclaimer Contents of this Help system are subject to change without notice and are not guaranteed for accuracy Visit the Working Desktop page to get an overview
60. a A EN se UNESETE AEDE ARa NA 40 Throughput Test Set p reaa eee eee ee AEEA RREN EAE E a a A ESEE EEE EES 41 Ethernet Connection HOME e tetas eine Cea a cattle A T A dards aa 42 Ethernet Port CONnfiQuration vivescecseesccineceeeceecvvwaeaviwltvs ena E a a aae aaa fea 43 Stream Table Setup iiss severe coi eva evn RANK A AAA EUNE VAENE NIA RTINA EERIE a 44 Stream Auto Fil eisena tee a a Ra EEA AE NEEE EA 45 Stream MAC Setup irii rannen aN enaA NA EA AEA AALA AREIA TRAINOR EIA 46 Stream Framme Setup aeiio aiei eroa eerta aAa Teia EVEA weaves etewiiens enous dena demewsreane EE 47 Stream a IP SOUU Eoi a EENEN EEEIEI ERENER EENE ENE EEREN EE NESNE EAEAN 48 Stream MPLS Setu pisv rereana oad r aPN arira EE NA RIEDEN E ATINAE ASN dN 50 Streant VLAN S tu ps oioe nors Tresa tis trta reat nE E ESA AEREA LAONAA AEA EVA A TERVA OAE ERAR 51 Stream Payload Setup HOMe ssesssnrsrrsrrsrnsnnnsnnennsnnasnnensennennernornsrrerrrerrne 52 Stream TEP Setup eerror eaa RAAN TA RARER TANANA RIAA ALIRSAN RENER 53 Streami UDP SGtup sissies oieiis tiros tirti aeoea EA AIARA TER ENAA AEAEE NAOT EARE EE 54 RxT 10GE User s Manual Traffic Shape Constant Setup sssssssrserrsrrsrrsrnrennrnnennsenaennenssnnesnesnsrneereerres 55 Traffic Shape Ramp SQtups iciis cscs ctene wt tanede iaaa ees Lagchirdentedwndereees 56 Traffic Shape Burst SQtu p wi eciieies thee ee in aranan NARA er ewan ewes cee EE a se 57 Test PATTERNS e niai hv aaa a aaa nck Come as amar
61. a a router or other device with its own IP address make sure to set the Destination MAC to the MAC address or router NOT the responder Otherwise the router will likely discard the packets without ARP in use If you are staying down at layer 2 MAC this does not apply IP works fine if all the devices are on the same local network segment This applies when sending traffic off your local network segment Where do you want to go next Meas Setup IP Advanced Test Profile Working Desktop index 110 Advanced IP Features Ping Results Status Ping test messages appear in this field The number of Pings Sent is reported in the Status Bar as is the number of Pings Remaining to be sent Even though the test set generates pings there are circumstances which cause the pings not to be sent For example the port could lose link or be paused preventing the transmission of the Ethernet frames in which the ping packets reside In these situations the number of pings sent will not be displayed to avoid confusion Ping Results View the overall Ping Test results Statistic Meaning o TTL Exceed Number of pings which exceeded TTL and timed out Round Trip Delay Current Current ping round trip delay ms Average Average of all round trip delay Minimum Maximum value of round trip delay Maximum Minimum value of round trip delay Where do you want to go next IP Test Setup Ping Trace Route Results Working Deskto
62. ach time The last several bytes of the setting are filled with a random value Stream Table Setup Throughput Summary Results Throughput Test Setup Working Desktop index Apply the Fixed value to or from the current stream or from the first stream Press From Stream to enter the number of the stream to start applying the Incremented value from Press To Stream to enter the number of the stream to stop applying the Incremented value to Set the From Stream and To Stream values as described above Only the last 1 2 or 3 bytes of the frame element address are determined randomly The value of the other bytes is based on the value entered in the item button e g MAC Destination value Set the From Stream and To Stream values as described above Addresses are not changed during the test 45 RxT 10GE User s Manual Stream MAC Setup Configure Layer 2 by setting the MAC Source and Destination addresses for the streams Touch a MAC address on the Stream Table to bring up this configuration window configure the Source and Destination addresses separately See Auto Fill to configure multiple streams To configure a different stream use at the bottom of the screen to select the stream Frame Ether Type Parameter Options beas SC CSCSCSCSCSCC lt C C Ethernet II Select the Ethernet standard to use IEEE 802 3 Choices depend on the Frame Type 802 3
63. ad Activate the option Press Load to have the RxT 10GE look for and load your option key Hardware Devices Only one may be used at a time RxT 10GE Software Options Location xxx pop up window Once you press load to retrieve your software option key a Software Options window pops up It shows all of the options qualified to work on this test set To enable options 1 Check marks appear next to the installed options 2 Check Accept new options 3 Close the window 4 Press A popup dialog box displays details about new options file e Part Number Time Generated e New options Access this Software Options tab in the System menu Where do you want to go next Throughput Signal Setup Working Desktop Hardware Notes Home 26 RxT System View Test Records Summary Access saved files A set how when results are saved in the Meas Setup tab e Results Tab Work with saved View_Test Records Setup results files e Reports Tab Work with previously generated csv and pdf results reports e Capture Tab Work with files of captured packets See Capture for more information e File Usage Tab View detailed memory storage information on saved files Files may be exported from most screens Setup Feature Buttons Highlight a file then choose an action to perform on it The Action Bar for each type of saved file has minor variations This table summarizes all of the functions Save Savethecurrenttestf
64. al Vendor Name of the vendor Wavelength Optical wavelength is use at the port RX Optical Power Received uW and dBm Where do you want to go next Throughput Aggregate Results Throughput Stream Results Working Desktop Traffic Shape Ramp Setup From the Throughput Stream Table or Pattern on the Signal tab press Traffic Shape to configure the traffic The traffic is transmitted at a variable rate from Start Bandwidth between 0 00 and 100 00 to Stop Bandwidth between 0 00 and 100 00 with increments of Step Size between 0 01 and 100 00 Traffic Shape Parameter Options Details Rate Percentage Determine IPG ns Bit the traffic Rate rate Rate Percentage 0 01 to Ethernet 100 00 traffic is expressed in terms of the percentage of bandwidth used At 100 the gap between frames is at its minimum As the percentage is reduced the IPG is increased Rate The The IPG ns minimum interpacket IPG is 12 gap IPG bytes or 96 is the delay bit times between successive frames Rates The bit 64 Ethernet Testing Bit Rate rate given asa number of kbps is a direct function of the bandwidth percentage Because the frame length can be random there is no fixed relationship between bit rate and data rate Disruption Threshold 0 Service 10 000 000 disruption microseconds threshold When changing units from Percentage to IPG to Bit Rate
65. alance out in a process called running disparity A violation of these rules is called a disparity error Note The 8 data bits are actually first broken into 5 bit and 3 bit blocks which are encoded separately into 6 and 4 bit code words but for the purposes of this discussion thinking of the encoding process as a single step of 8 bits to 10 bits is sufficient 64B 66B Encoding 64B 66B encoding serves a similar function but uses a different method of mapping data bits into code words The 64 data bits 8 bytes are scrambled and then a 2 bit synchronization header is added For 10GE LAN the physical line rate is actually 10 3125 Gbps 10G x 66 bits 64 bits 93 RxT 10GE User s Manual For 10GE WAN the encoding is done before the Ethernet payload is placed side the OC 192c STM 64c payload envelope Where do you want to go next Ethernet Overview Working Desktop index Technology VLAN User Priority Home The User Priority may affect the speed and efficiency with which the frame data will be transmitted through the Ethernet network User Priority E C xcellent Effort ontrolled Load Video lt 100 ms latency and jitter Voice lt 10 ms latency and jitter Network Control User Priority Table Where do you want to go next Stream VLAN Setup Stream Table Setup Throughput Summary Results Throughput Aggregate Results Tech Ethernet Overview Home 94 RFC2544 Testing RFC2544 Test Profile
66. ame X1 XX XX XX XX XX X3 XX XX XX XX XX X5 XX XX XX XX XX X7 XX XX XX XX XX X9 XX XX XX XX XX XB XX XX XX XX XX xD XX XX XX XX XX XF XX XX XX XX XX where x can be any value 0 to F Where do you want to go next Ethernet Frames Ethernet Overview Throughput Stream Results Working Desktop index Technology Unicast Multicast Testing Note Most Ethernet testing is performed with unicast traffic One tester generates unicast frames that are received by the far end unit which is either sending unicast traffic of its own or looping the frames by swapping the source and destination addresses Furthermore different test streams can be designated by their MAC addresses When testing multicast services some care must be taken Loopback devices will not loop multicast or broadcast traffic Also the use of multicast MAC destination addresses may cause problems designating test traffic As shown below the MAC addresses sent by a tester do not match the MAC addressed received MAC Source MAC Destination 00 DO DD 12 34 56 01 00 5E 00 00 05 85 RxT 10GE User s Manual Received 00 D0 DD AB CD EF 01 00 5E 00 00 06 Sample MAC Addresses Thus when running this test the test summary will show NO BERT TRAFFIC since the incoming traffic does not match that sent Fortunately all normal traffic statistics and measurements can be made with the exception of bit errors and BER Where do you want to go next Ethernet F
67. an 10 since 1 Gigabit Ethernet is 10 of the bandwidth of 10 Gigabit Ethernet Test Sequence Check the types of tests to run Throughput RFC 2544 tests use a binary search to determine the maximum traffic rate expressed as a percentage the DUT can pass without losing any frames For RFC 2544 amp NE Test Latency Quick Determines the round trip delay of the frame through the DUT Latency e Standard follows the guidelines of RFC 2544 which can take 95 RxT 10GE User s Manual several hours for a complete test e Quick measures the round trip delay while it is performing the Throughput test and takes no extra time Results from failed throughput tests are discarded and only the results from the highest successful throughput test are kept and recorded Frame Loss Generates a table that shows the percentage of lost frames as a function of frame rate expressed as a percentage e RFC2544 Frame Loss Scans DOWN from start rate with Step Rate until there are two consecutive no frame loss for all frames in the setup results or until the test reaches the O frame rate NE Test Frame Loss Scans UP from the Start Rate until the Stop Rate with Step Rate Back to Back Determines the maximum number of frames sent back to back at 100 frame rate that the DUT can process without losing frames Estimated View an estimation of how long it will take to run the selected Test Time tests in a days hours minutes format This
68. andwidth The minimum recommended durations follow 64 bytes 0 0051 ms 1519 bytes 0 0121 ms 4096 bytes 0 3278 ms 12000 bytes 0 9600 ms Minimum Burst Durations Example Sending a 1510 byte burst at a burst duration of 0 0051 ms would likely lead to inaccurate results From the Throughput Stream Table press Traffic Shape and select Burst to configure Burst traffic Where do you want to go next Throughput Stream Table Setup Throughput Applications Throughput Summary Results Throughput Aggregate Results Throughput Stream Results Throughput Test Setup index 67 RxT 10GE User s Manual Traffic Shape Constant Setup For Constant Traffic Shaping traffic is transmitted at a constant rate from 0 01 to 100 00 bandwidth for the entire duration of the test To configure Constant Traffic Shape for the next or previous stream use the at the bottom of the screen Traffic Shape Constant Parameter Options Details S O Percentage Determine the traffic rate Bit Rate IPG When changing units from Percentage to IPG to ns Bit Rate the display will reset back to the last value entered for those units Rate Range 0 01 Commonly Ethernet traffic is referred to in terms Percentage to 100 00 of the percentage of bandwidth used At 100 the gap between frames is at its minimum As the percentage is reduced the IPG is increased Rate IPG ns Set the interpacket gap The minimum IPG is 12 byte
69. arious performance related statistics The signal graphic both reflects the Ethernet frame and gives you access to the associated configuration screens Layer 2 tests To Configure an Advanced IP Test 1 Select IP Advanced Test under Carrier Class Ethernet on the Test Profile screen then press Setup If not already set choose a port by pressing the RJ45 SFP XFP button Set the IP Test Type Ping Configure the Address Setup VLAN Setup and PING Setup If desired configure the Capture Filter Press START then TEST RESULTS Pretore you begin testing make sure the link is up Parameter Options Cs ttals _ _ _ IP Test PING Commonly used to discover Select the type of test Type whether two remote LAN segments using TCP IP protocol tests typically requires are connected two RxT modules or a TRACEROUTE Trace the route RxT and a MTT 28 29 see each hop to the far end 50 module However the device ping test can also be used FTP Web transfer testing to ping a distant router HTTP Web access testing directly provided its IP VLAN SCAN Scan and report all address or URL are VLAN IDs observed on the test known and the end interface router has been configured to respond to pings Also note that some networks are set to not allow ping packets through In that case this test will not provide useful results AUARWN Ping and trace route 4 Caution If you are sending packets to your responder vi
70. at layer 2 MAC this does not apply IP works fine if all the devices are on the same local network segment This applies when sending traffic off your local network segment HTTP Setup Download a web page specified by IP address or URL then view statistics on the download See Destination IP URL Selection Enter the IP address of the ping destination with the bar A corresponding number of IP URLs will become available Touch a row to configure a destination using a popup keyboard Press OK then START then see the HTTP Results HTTP Basics Select HTTP as the IP TEST TYPE on the IP Advanced Test Setup window to run a HTTP test Where do you want to go next IP Adv HTTP Setup HTTP Results 116 Advanced IP Features IP Summary Results IP Test Setup Home HTTP Web Results Select HTTP as the IP TEST TYPE on the Advanced IP signal setup window to run a HTTP test RxT 10GE will display the web page HTTP Test Statistics Statistic i Description o o o y O O Test Status Test Status PASS Test complete no errors IN PROGRESS Transfer is in progress NO LINK No link e FAIL Test failed unknown reason server to be connected to kbps Minimum Transferred Rate Minimum download bit rate ope a Minimum download Pere The maximum download bit rate kbps Where do you want to go next HTTP Setup IP Test Setup IP Summary Results index 117 RxT 10GE User s Manual IP Summary
71. ated for the duration of the test To configure Traffic Shape for the next or previous stream use the at the bottom of the screen Traffic Shape Parameter Options Ci Deets o y Percentage IPG ns Bit Determine the traffic rate Rate Rate 0 01 to 100 00 Ethernet traffic is expressed in Percent terms of the percentage of age bandwidth used At 100 the gap between frames is at its minimum As the percentage is reduced the IPG is increased Rate The minimum IPG is 12 The interpacket gap IPG is the IPG bytes or 96 bit times delay between successive frames ns Rate The bit rate given as a number of Bit kbps is a direct function of the Rate bandwidth percentage Because the frame length can be random there is no fixed relationship between bit rate and data rate Threshold Apply to All Apply this traffic configuration to all streams When changing units from Percentage to IPG to Bit Rate the display will reset back to the last value entered for those units Data Input Burst Bandwidth Rate IPG Enter the size of the burst 1 2 the RxT will transmit Burst 1 2 Duration Enter the number of seconds the first or second burst of traffic will last Press OK to apply the new settings and close the window Burst Bandwidth Accuracy 66 Ethernet Testing The accuracy of the burst bandwidth is reduced when the burst duration is shorter than the time to send approximately 100 frames at 100 b
72. available e Enter the TPID PPI CFI and VLAN ID for each VLAN touch a button then use the number pad to enter the data e See Tech VLAN Tagging for technology information Press OK to save your settings and close the window Press Cancel to close the window without saving changes Where do you want to go next Meas Setup IP Advanced Test Profile IP Test Setup Working Desktop index 113 RxT 10GE User s Manual IP Advanced Test FTP Setup The IP test tests end to end connectivity between active IP stations providing various performance related statistics FTP tests web file transfer The signal graphic both reflects the Ethernet frame and gives you access to the associated configuration screens Layer 2 tests To Configure an Advanced IP FTP Test 1 Select IP Advanced Test under Carrier Class Ethernet on the Test Profiles Test Mode screen then press Setup If not already set choose a port by pressing the RJ45 SFP XFP button Select IP Test Type FTP Configure the Address Setup VLAN Setup and FTP Setup if desired configure the Capture Filter Press START then TEST RESULTS 1 Before you begin testing make sure the link is up Parameter Options is s Cettails o O IP Test PING Commonly used to discover Select the type of test Type whether two remote LAN segments using TCP IP protocol are connected TRACEROUTE Trace the route see each hop to the far end device FTP Web transfer testi
73. bps Where do you want to go next FTP Setup IP Test Setup IP Summary Results index 115 RxT 10GE User s Manual IP Advanced HTTP Setup The IP test tests end to end connectivity between active IP stations providing various performance related statistics HTTP tests web access The signal graphic both reflects the Ethernet frame and gives you access to the associated configuration screens Layer 2 tests To Configure an Advanced IP HTTP Test 1 Select IP Advanced Test under Carrier Class Ethernet on the Test Profile screen then press Setup If not already set choose a port by pressing the RJ45 SFP XFP button Select IP Test Type HTTP Configure the Address Setup VLAN Setup and HTTP setup if desired configure the Capture Filter Press START then TEST RESULTS Pretore you begin testing make sure the link is up Parameter Options i etal _ _ O IP Test PING Commonly used to discover Select the type of test Type whether two remote LAN segments using TCP IP protocol are connected TRACEROUTE Trace the route see each hop to the far end device FTP Web transfer testing HTTP Web access testing AURWN Caution If you are sending packets to your responder via a router or other device with its own IP address make sure to set the Dst MAC to the MAC address or router NOT the responder Otherwise the router will likely discard the packets without ARP in use If you are staying down
74. ck the corresponding box above for each frame size you want to test active sizes are highlighted in orange e The default frame sizes are based on RFC 2544 but all are user configurable To Edit Frame Sizes and Thresholds 1 To enable Thresholds check Thresholds Enabled below the frame grid 2 Tick the box for each Frame Length you want to test Edit appears below each ticked column 3 Press Edit and configure the Frame Length Throughput rate and Latency period When testing with VLAN and or MPLS tags 64 bytes is no longer a proper frame length and it does not appear on the list of frame sizes However it can be added using the Custom Frame Size field Press the OK when you are ready to save the configuration hese thresholds have no direct effect on the RFC2544 Throughput or Latency results They are intended to go beyond the RFC2544 standards and provide a means to standardize minimum acceptable results of these tests Frame Length 34 12 000 frames Set the required frame size Throughput 1 100 percent Configure the required Trroushowte eitepecent Throughput pereensae Latency Press OK to keep the changes and return to the RFC2554 Setup window or press Cancel to simply close the Frame Length window Non standard user frame sizes are used to test frame sizes that are outsized such as a jumbo or undersized frames Where do you want to go next Stream Table Setup RFC Applications RFC Summary Results Working
75. cket capture and decode function Configure up to ten filters use one filter at a time When the filter is set to no filtering by leaving all boxes unchecked all packets will be captured up to the 1M Capture buffer size To enable filtering check a numbered filter at the left of the window To configure a filter click its row The Capture Filter configuration window pops up with its five tabs of frame elements Capture Packets 1 Configure the filters then press OK The Capture Setup window closes 2 After starting the test Press Capture It will turn orange and become Stop Capture 3 To view captured packets go to View Test Records Captures The buffer fills up in an average of one second depending on the packet size and the rate of incoming traffic Capture Filter Configuration Options MAC MAC Source and Destination addresses specific types of frames VLAN Capture up to three VLAN ID numbers stacked Q in Q IP IP Source and Destination address will be captured Error Choose types of received errors to filter on e Length Filter on specific frame lengths To activate an element touch it on the stream Number you want to capture on the button will turn green Additional fields may become available such as a Destination or Source address Even with filtering in place the standard Ethernet measurements and statistics will measure all received frames 36 Ethernet Testing Where do you want to go next RFC25
76. e and open it Generate a Report 1 Press Saved Results on any screen 2 Select the file name you want a report from on the Results File window 3 On the Report Setup tab File Format When applicable choose one of the following e CSV File On to create a csv file to use in a program such as Excel e PDF File On to create a PDF file which opens with any PDF viewer A PDF viewer is available on the system desktop Report Selection Choose the result to appear in the Report Only Summary is selected by default to save space 5 If desired enter Customer User and Trouble Ticket information on the Data Entry tab Press Apply then return to the Report Setup tab to generate the file 6 Press Create Report at the bottom of the Report Setup tab to generate the file The new file appears on the Reports tab Find the report in one of the following location e RxT 10GE hard drive home Sunrise Measurement reports e Web URL http lt XTT5000_ip gt reports e USB SD Exported xtt 5000 reports Top Where do you want to go next The Working Desktop Meas Setup Configure measurement parameters Throughput Test Setup RFC2544 Test Setup Loopback Test Setup IP Testing index 71 RxT 10GE User s Manual Import Export a File Import To use a profile you have previously exported 1 On the View Test Records Setup window press Import Export 2 On the Import Export window choose the Import tab 3 Unde
77. e Interval Maximum The maximum frame interval observed during the measurement Frame Interval Variation The maximum frame interval minus the minimum frame interval This measurement is equivalent to a one point frame delay variation or frame jitter measurement J Frame Interval Technology Note Where would you like to go next Throughput Summary Results Throughput Aggregate Results Throughput Stream Results Thruput SDH Results TimeCop Results Throughput Test Setup Throughput Applications Ethernet Technology Overview Home 62 Ethernet Testing Summary Results Get an overview of the Throughput test results It may take a few seconds for results to appear after starting a test The left side of the window displays E Time How long the test has been running time elapsed R Time How long remains in a scheduled test or Continuous Banner A message summary banner of the status of the test It reports any errors or alarms along with a date and time stamp Below the banner view a list of logged events received errors and or alarms e g Lost Frame including a count of the number of errors with a resolution of one second The right side of the window shows more specific results In a Live throughput test statistics are taken on frames but the test does not look for pattern synchronization or bit errors no Bit statistics appear For a Monitor test only receive RX statistics are reported Sta
78. e Thresholds set in the configuration E Time Time elapsed since the test was started R Time Time remaining in the test a countdown or Continuous Left Results Table Meanings S O Statistic n i Sequence number denoting the order and repetitions of the tests Test Type of test Frame size under test The throughput rate currently being tested is reported in percentage of bandwidth or i Number of frames tested Applies to Back to Back frames test Test status in progress pass fail percentage of frames lost Status Statistic Meanings gt gt O Transmitted percentage bandwidth utilization Transmitted data rate in kbps bps etc kb s kb s kb s kb s Capture Status gt Capture Packets To view the link status and test summary when a test active press Tests on the Test Setup window Signal The signal information for optical interfaces vendor wavelength optical power etc is provided by the SFP module Not all manufacturers supply this information and Sunrise Telecom Inc is not responsible for modules provided by other vendors e Vendor Name of the vendor e Wavelength Optical wavelength in use at the port e RX Optical Power Uw received in microamps e RX Power kbps Received in dBm Where do you want to go next RFC2544 Aggregate Results RFC2544 Throughput Test Setup 106 RFC2544 Testing RFC2544 Applications Working Desktop Index RF
79. e amount of storage memory available Where do you want to go next Throughput Test Setup RFC2544 Test Setup Loopback Test Setup IP Testing Working Desktop index Ethernet Testing 75 RxT 10GE User s Manual Alarm Generation In a 10G SDH SONET configuration you can select and transmit an alarm When an alarm is being transmitted a red Alarm indication appears in the Module Status Panel To access this feature click Alarm on the Action Bar e Press the gear to access settings e Press the main button to generate the alarm as configured in the settings To Generate an Alarm 1 On the Alarm Generation window touch an alarm to select it 2 Press the Send button which will then appear as Stop You can transmit alarms while making measurements or viewing data Make sure to disable all alarms press Stop when you are through The LEDs show received alarm information WAN SDH SONET Alarm Generation e RS LOS LOF e MS MS AIS MS RDI e HP AU AIS AU LOP HP UNEQ HP PLM HP RDI LAN Alarm Generation e Local Layer 1 Remote fault LFS status message e Remote Layer 1 Local fault LFS status messages Where do you want to go next Working Desktop XFP Port Setup Index 76 Ethernet Testing Error Injection Use Error injection to insert defects into the traffic generated by the test module in the Throughput test mode 1 Choose the Type of error 2 Choose to inject the error into all stream s
80. e connection with the system Ethernet Port Configure the system settings if necessary IMPORTANT NOTE These settings apply to the RxT module s own LAN port NOT the test ports Changing these settings may cause the module to lose connection with the system Parameter Details S O DHCP Enabled RxT automatically retrieves the appropriate IP address when connected to a LAN When enabled the previous three items are grayed out MAC Address View the LAN port s MAC address DNS servers Primary DNS Specify the local primary master DNS server address Server Enter an address directly using the number pad which pops up The secondary Server is a server that obtains information about a zone from a Primary Server via a zone transfer mechanism Sometimes known as a Slave Server Secondary DNS Specify the secondary slave DNS server address Server e Package Manager no clue Application Note Access helpful testing and technology documents Web Browser Launch a Firefox web browser Requires internet connectivity PDF Viewer Launch a viewer to read PDF files Calculator File Manager KMPlayer Launch a media player See http en softonic com RxT System Text Editor Launch a text editor Eject USB Drive 2 Safely eject a USB memory drive at USB1 or USB2 AM mportant Note Caution External memory devices must be ejected properly using the appropriate button in order to safeguard your data
81. e eelelaa noveeepeea ache See A A AA Sanam as 59 Throughput Non Stream Results cceeee eee eee e ee eee eee eee ene eae eae ea eeaeies 61 SUMMary RESUITS HOMEC iiir irai eain ener e eee ee nA EEE SEES UE EEE EEE E EEE E EEE SEES 63 Traffic Shape RAMP Setup erii ian re cee e eee eee eee eee eH EEE EE SESE EEE EEE E REE EEE EEE EES 64 Traffic Shape Burst Setup tssaveccsieson vtewnstenserieessd oeseted ai aeaa diota adria ni 66 Traffic Shape Constant Setup ccccccccce ect eee EE EEE EEE EEE EEE 68 Stream Rx Filter OMG sie cia Avie AE E aoe a eee 69 View Test Records SUMMALSY ssuessssssrssrrsrrennssnsennensenneunornorroernerrerrenrennannnannan 70 Import Export a Fle risseisiinnure inani aiat aE webs Vitara KET ENEA TEE EANA 72 View Test Records Results ss ssssssrssrrsrrernssnsennennennennornsrnoernerrnrnennennannnennan 73 View Test R cords RepOrtSiriniiieririssniiisotirenini rniii egoir iaaa iN aaa AEA EANA 74 View Test Records File USa wii icceiiecteeiveeer iniia aaia e ANAAO NAAA 75 Alarm Generation e a A asa A aaa ees 76 Error IMJGCtOM i vecciccocecescneeangerds coceeterndenecena A AED quae aredeet in aE cd Raaen 77 Technology Ethernet OVErvVieW 2 cceceee eee e eee eee eee ee AEE e eee eens eae E A a 79 Technology Standards is sects nin ele heel oe ad ea wage es eae out e dei ane A AAAA cede 79 Technology Ethernet Frame Size and Efficiency cccecceeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeaeeees 81 Technology Ethernet Fram
82. e maximum number of frames which can be sent at 100 bandwidth with minimum inter frame gap before a frame is lost It is also called burstability e Estimated Time As you select and configure tests view the predicted time the tests will take to run The most common method of using RFC2544 for testing Ethernet services as opposed to Ethernet devices is to transmit frames through the network to the far end where they are looped back and sent back to the test module In this configuration the TX and RX test port should be the same However there are times when the TX and RX test port need to be different such as when testing a switch or when the TX and RX line rates are different Where do you want to go next Stream Table Setup RFC Applications RFC Summary Results Working Desktop index RFC2544 Test Notes Home Test Types Latency Frame Loss Rates Configure an RFC2544 Test 1 If not already set choose a port 2 Select Type to RFC 2544 or NE Test as required 3 Set Test Type to Point to Point to or to Dual ports if you re going to test on multiple ports Touch RFC2544 to being configuring the test Touch Streams Setup to configure the Stream Table L2 Framed only if required Set the Test Sequence if desired Configure the Capture Filter Press Start Press the Test Results tab to view the measurements le epee Test Layers 98 RFC2544 Testing RFC2544 is designed fo
83. ecific manual and data sheet for the suggested maintenance period e Copy of this document shall be kept with the product at all times A General Warnings 14 e Do not place the battery pack or cells in fire or apply heat to the battery Do not pierce the battery with any sharp objects strike the battery with a hammer or heavy objects step on the battery pack or otherwise damage the outer casing Do not subject the battery pack to strong impacts or shocks Do not expose the battery to water salt water any other type of liquid or allow the battery to get wet Do not disassemble or modify the battery pack The battery contains safety and protection devices which if damaged may cause the battery to generate heat rupture or ignite Any modification may damage the battery pack or cells and will invalidate any warranty claim Do not place the battery on or near fires stoves or other high temperature locations Do not leave the battery in direct sunlight and avoid storing spare battery packs inside cars in hot weather Doing so may cause the battery to generate heat rupture or ignite Using the battery in this manner may also result in a loss of performance and a shortened life expectancy When a battery becomes too hot the built in protection circuitry is activated preventing the battery from charging further Heating the battery can destroy the safety devices and can cause additional heating rupture or ignition of the battery c
84. ells Never short circuit reverse polarity disassemble damage or heat the battery pack over 100 C 2120F If an exposed lithium battery does start a fire it will burn even more violently if it comes into contact with water or even the moisture in the air DO NOT THROW WATER ON A BURNING LI ION BATTERY A fire extinguisher must be used Do not carry individual battery packs in your pockets or bags as they could short circuit against other items In the case of a high impact event to the test set or the battery pack e g car crash or drop gt 1m 3 3ft you must carefully inspect the battery for damage and properly discard it if it is damaged Always observe the battery carefully for at least 20 minutes after an impact The pack may look fine but a RxT System perforation or damaged wire means the pack must be disposed of Contact Sunrise Telecom if in doubt Any modification may damage the battery pack or cells and will invalidate any warranty claim Keep battery packs away from children If you happen to get any electrolyte from the cells on your skin wash thoroughly with soap and water If in your eyes do not rub Rinse thoroughly with water and seek medical assistance Charging and Storing the Battery Pack Always use the Sunrise Telecom s Lithium Ion Charger that came with the device Do not attempt to charge the battery pack by any other means Never modify or repair the charger supplied Never use a NiCd charger or any ot
85. ence e A perfect test results on 0 00 frame loss for all throughput rates and frame sizes This will cause the graph to appear blank Confirm the results with the tabular results Where do you want to go next RFC2544 Aggregate Results RFC2544 Throughput Test Setup RFC2544 Applications Working Desktop Index 108 Advanced IP Features IP Advanced Test Profile After turning up the Ethernet link select IP ADVANCED FEATURES Perform advanced IP connectivity analysis with expert PING testing with statistics trace route testing and VLAN scans Press SETUP to configure to start configuring your test PING TRACEROUTE FTP HTTP To Configure an IP Test 1 Select Throughput under Carrier Class Ethernet then press Setup 2 If not already set choose a port by pressing the RJ45 SFP button 3 Configure the Address Setup VLAN SETUP if required and test specific setup e If desired configure the Capture Filter 4 Press START then TEST RESULTS I Before you begin testing make sure the link is up To send loopback commands in a test press the L2 Loop button in the Action Bar To start the test press Start in the Action Bar The results Summary screen will appear Where do you want to go next Meas Setup IP Test Setup Working Desktop index 109 RxT 10GE User s Manual IP Advanced Test Ping Setup The IP test tests end to end connectivity between active IP stations providing v
86. ent Press Yes Determine when the transmitter will turn on Particularly useful for capturing packets 21 RxT 10GE User s Manual Off A TX On button appears on the Action Bar This button is grayed out until the measurement is started Once the measurement is started press TX On to begin sending traffic OK Save changes and close the window Cancel Close the window without saving changes To access the window touch Measurement Setup on the signal setup window Where do you want to go next The Working Desktop Throughput Stream Table Setup Throughput Summary Results Throughput Aggregate Results Tech Ethernet Overview index 22 RxT System System Setup Set the basic system information if required Select Menu gt System gt System Setup System Clock Parameter Function S y O Date Set the calendar date if necessary Time Enter the time of day on the pop window Get Local Time Align the XTT 5000 system clock to the time that is local to the PC with the browser Applies when RxT 10GE is controlled from a remote browser Time Zone System Control Brightness On a scale of 1 10 10 being brightest set the brightness of the screen using the up and down arrow keys Where do you want to go next Throughput Signal Setup Throughput Stream Table Setup Throughput Summary Results Tech Ethernet Overview Loopback Test Setup IP Test Setup IP Testing Throughput Test Setup
87. er frame gap IFG K kbps A unit of data transfer rate equal to 1 000 bits per second L LAN Local Area Network LFS Link Fault Signalling 10G fault indicator Remote or Local LLC LLC Logical Link Control IEEE Public Listing upper sublayer of the OSI data link layer LOF Loss Of Frame occurs when 4 or 5 consecutive frames are received with errored framing patterns 134 Glossary LOP LOP occurs when N invalid pointers or New Data Flags are received Available for Administrative and Tributary Units SDH and for STS Path and Virtual Tributary SONET M MPLS Multi Protocol Label Switching provides a unified data carrying service for both circuit based clients and packet switching clients providing datagram service model carries Ethernet frames R RX Receive S SFP Small form factor plugable optical transceiver for rates up to but not including 10G T TCP Transmission Control Protocol TCP is one of the core protocols of the Internet protocol suite It manages the individual conversations between web servers and web clients TX Transmit U UDP User Datagram Protocol timely data protocol oft used for real time service such as VOIP URL Uniform Resource Locator often used to mean a website address V VLAN Virtual LAN a network of hosts not actually on the same physical LAN but grouped that way VOIP Voice over IP A protocol optimized for the transmission of voice through
88. er possible 86 Ethernet Testing Multicast traffic is sent from one station but is then directed to a group of stations Multicasting is more efficient and more network friendly than broadcasting Typical applications for multicast traffic include IP video delivery and LAN protocols Multicast traffic is designated by setting the first bit of the address to 1 Because the least significant bit is transmitted first this means the last bit of the first byte is set to 1 in other words the byte value is odd The MAC vendor code used for IP multicast packets it typically 01 00 5E xx xx xx as specified by RFC 1112 Unicast Multicast Testing Note IPG Frame Size Efficiency VLAN Tagging MPLS Where do you want to go next Ethernet Frames Ethernet Overview Working Desktop index Technology Gaussian Frame Probability The probability that a given frame length will be sent is given the following function P x gem pe ON2NT Width 20 v2 n2 X is the frame length u is the mean o r average and o is the standard deviation The variance determines the width of the distribution as measured at half its maximum value In the RxT 10GE you specify the width Width at 50 which then sets the standard deviation of the distribution Approximately two thirds of the frames sent will be within one standard deviation of the mean Where do you want to go next Tech Ethernet Overview Stream Frame Setup Working Desktop index
89. es Invalid MAC Frames Good Frames Error Frames Total VLAN Frames Single Tag VLAN Frames 120 View statistics on frames matching the stream table Frame Rate Current fps Current rate at which frames are being transmitted and received at this second Frame Rate Average fps Average transmitted and received frames per second over the duration of the test Utilization Current fps Current percentage of bandwidth in use Utilization Average fps Average Percentage of bandwidth in use Number of received frames that do not match the ports Stream Table such as live traffic Multicast and broadcast frames are reported as non test frames Frame Rate Current fps Current rate at which non test frames are being transmitted and received at this second Frame Rate Average fps Average transmitted and received non test frames per second over the duration of the test Utilization Current fps Current percentage of non test bandwidth in use Utilization Average fps Average Percentage of non test bandwidth in use Number of Layer 2 unicast frames transmitted and received View the Current and Average Unicast Test Frame rates and the Current and Average unicast bandwidth utilization Number of Layer 2 multicast frames transmitted and received Multicast Test Frame rates and the Current and Average multicast bandwidth utilization Number of broadcast frames transmitted and received A broadcast frame is a frame that
90. es are discarded performing a bit error test at the Ethernet layer is very different than for TDM networks The presence of a bit error that does not also cause a CRC error is exceedingly rare In the vast majority of cases a bit error translates into a lost frame For this reason most Ethernet QoS Quality of Service standards use lost frames as its primary metric and do not rely on bit error or BER Bit Error Ratio MAC Addresses IPG Frame Size Efficiency VLAN Tagging MPLS Where do you want to go next Ethernet Overview Optical Line Encoding Working Desktop index Technology Frame Interval Frame Interval The time between the start of one frame and the start of the next frame The frame interval increases as the frame size increases However as the effect of frame size is usually very small compared to the duration of traffic problems the frame interval is useful for measuring service disruptions Minimum Frame Interval Note Under normal network conditions the smallest possible frame interval is for two 64 byte frames with a minimum frame gap This is 64 20 bytes x 8 bits byte or 672 bit times For Gigabit Ethernet the bit time is 1 0 ns making the minimum frame interval 672 ns over Gigabit Ethernet Undersized frames or abnormally small frame gaps will reduce the frame interval further Maximum Frame Interval Note This value is also used as the basis for the Service Disruption measurement If there is a
91. es arrir anii iriiri Anania cuenta si week NIAAA A Ei 81 Technology Frame Interval ccccceccesee eset AEE E a E E ease este e AA A 83 Technology Ethernet IPG sssssssssnssrsenrerrerrnrnrrnnnnrannsenaennenssnnennornsrrerrrerrns 84 Technology Frame Size DetailS usesssussrrsrrsrrrnnrsnrenrssnasnnennsennennernsrrerrrerrns 84 Technology Multicast Frames sssssssserrsrrsrnsrrrrnnanrennssnnensnensunnssnornsrrerrrerrns 85 Technology Unicast Multicast Testing Note cceceeeeeeeeeeee eee eeee neta sean eaeeaenes 85 Technology Undersized Frames s esssssssrsrrsrrsrnsanrenresnssnnensensrnnernsrrerreerrerrns 86 Technology Ethernet MAC AdCreSS S cccccccecee eter ener n ne eee e enna enn nenne eas 86 Technology Gaussian Frame Probability cccccccecee ects ee ee ee eeee esas eaeeeneeeneeneees 87 Technology IP OVErVieW ccc cccceee eee aieiai iniii ii EEE E EEE E EEE ES ESSE ESSE EEE EEE EES 88 Technology IP Packet Diagr Miar na aisida cece eee eee eee eee eee eee A E AAN EA 90 Techn ology Jitter a a e eaak Mea oa nled A Pisses es aS ea EEE eee es 91 Technology MPLS wevesersaticiecivesined iideencdvteaier thea devi EE NEETER 92 Technology Ethernet Optical Line Encoding cccceceseeeseeeeeeeeeeaeeeneeeeeeeeeaeenas 93 Technology VLAN User Priority HOME cccceecceeeeeee eects ee ee ee eeeeeaeeeneeaeeenneees 94 REC2544 TOStin Gis oveeetdiccds shaadi cent dlied wes tein AREA E ENA dee aee
92. estination IP address any Protocol in use and any Info available The middle and bottom frames presents the packet offer a detailed protocol analysis Click an item in any of the three portions of the window and the corresponding item will be highlighted in each of the other two This allows you to easily see and understand the contents of the packet including byte by byte analysis of the packet contents A down arrow indicates more data is available for decode Click the plus to see the rest of the data Saved reports and captured packet files are opened viewed with a separate application The required application will launch automatically when you open a saved file Use File gt Close Quit to exit the secondary application See http www wireshark org docs for help using the Wire Shark application View Captures Feature Buttons Highlight a file then choose an action to perform on it oe save the file to an external location a USB Flash View Open a saved file to review it Delete Delete the highlighted profile or saved file Rename Rename the highlighted file using the soft keyboard which appears 30 View Test Records File Usage View detailed memory storage information on saved files File types reported on e Setup e Results e Reports e Captures For each type of file view the e number of files saved e amount of memory used Storage e amount of storage memory available Where do you want to go next
93. ffset of the packet Offset 4 to the data bits Reserved 000000 111111 Normally unused set to 0 eo fe meine Increase the TCP congestion window size up Size to 1 Gb 0x0x to OxFFFF ee eee rere Pointer Control Bit greener Bit a Control Bit SOOO ee sequence number Control Bit FIN Enter the value for the No more data from Con ee be URG sd Enter the value for the Urgent bit PACK Enter the value for the Acknowledge bit Where do you want to go next Throughput Stream Table Setup Throughput Summary Results Working Desktop Index 53 RxT 10GE User s Manual Stream UDP Setup Use the UDP tab to configure the UDP ports and header after selecting UDP as part of the Frame Setup on the Stream Table See Auto Fill to configure multiple streams Parameter Options Details o O UDP Source 0x1 to OxFFFF Enter the port address using the pop up number pad UDP Destination 0x1 to OxFFFF Enter the port address using the pop up number pad Where do you want to go next Throughput Stream Table Setup Throughput Summary Results Throughput Aggregate Results Throughput Stream Results Index 54 Ethernet Testing Traffic Shape Constant Setup For Constant Traffic Shaping traffic is transmitted at a constant rate from 0 01 to 100 00 bandwidth for the entire duration of the test To configure Constant Traffic Shape for the next or previous stream use the at the bottom of t
94. ght MN ysicbie button zl orange active selection e The text on an active button is yellow on the inactive button it is black e Press START E to begin taking measurements Press STOP Em to stop a test m It takes a few seconds for a test to begin or stop e The TEST Results button at the bottom left takes you to the results screens but doesn t actually start a test e Press TEST PROFI LES to select a new test mode from the menu To configure the test press TEST SETUP Status Bar Located at the top of the screen The status of each port is reported including messages e g IDLE RUNNING and the ET elapsed time since the start of test and TT total time of test LNK ALM PAT LOCAL Soft virtual LEDS show the logical and physical stare of the ACT ERR BIT REMOTE selected port P1 Test Mode THROUGHPUT Module Status Panel Get module data such as the port s test mode transmission and alarm generation status replace me Mi Paige ats PM E System Status Panel Get system related information oad time 0 247s including the battery charge status and the button which is used to access this Help system Press again to exit Help Action Bar The Action Bar is located at the left of the screen Action o O al Start and stop a test To get measurement results start at test Activate the laser for testing Turn the laser off for safety gt gt gt Flow RxT 10GE User s Manual Kaliarm Configure Gene
95. gnal graphic both reflects the port and test setup and gives you access to the associated configuration screens Use caution when using loopback mode because some network equipment may not allow the loopback of some frames It can cause such equipment to shut down the port Loopback Manual Manual Send a loop up down command to a Sunrise Test Type Responder Telecom Ethernet tester such as another RxT 10GE module an RxT 10GE or a SunSet MTT 28 29 or 50 module See Loop Control Respond RxT 10GE respond to loopbacks Layer 1 Select the test layer format for the loop up and loop Layer 2 3 down frames e Layer 1 The test set can transmit a Layer 1 loop up or loop down command to a remote test set configured as a responder Upon receiving the Layer 1 loop up command the remote test set will retransmit the incoming frames without modifying them Layer 2 3 The test set can transmit a Layer 2 or Layer 3 loop up or loop down command to a remote test set configured as a responder Upon receiving the Layer 2 3 loop up command the remote test set will retransmit the incoming frames and swap the source and destination MAC address fields adding IP addresses for Layer 3 fe Sunrise Telecom STT and MTT Ports Note 10 since 1 Gigabit Ethernet is 10 of the bandwidth of 10 Gigabit Ethernet Configure the Address Setup if required Configure VLAN if required RxT 10GE will not respond to any loop commands until you press START
96. h as a VLAN tag he title appears at the top corresponds to the parameter Press X to close the window without saving changes E L Press to close the window saving changes he range of options appears beneath the entry field Backspace removes one character in the entry field E Deletes all characters in the entry field he alphabetical number pad keypad uses a standard keyboard layout with additional useful URL keys such as www and com Sample Alphabetical Keypad RxT 10GE User s Manual Computer System Notes Press the blue Alt button and F6 to move between the RxT 10GE and the computer system desktop See the hardware notes and graphic On the Windows desktop access useful basic computer tools System Access RxT 10GE system information and setups e Brightness Control Decrease or increase the brightness the LCD screen on the System LCD Setup window which pops up then press Close Use also the ALT F1 and F2 buttons e Calibrate Touchscreen Recalibrate the touch screen if screen response seems off Touch each x e Date Time Setup Enter the current Date Time and select your Time Zone on the pop up window e Evolution Mail and Calendar Access a mail calendar client See http projects gnome org evolution for information e Network Setup Enter the local settings these settings apply to RxT itself NOT the test ports Proceed carefully changing these settings may cause the module to los
97. he screen Traffic Shape Constant Parameter Options Details O o S O Percentage Determine the traffic rate Bit Rate IPG When changing units from Percentage to IPG to ns Bit Rate the display will reset back to the last value entered for those units Rate Range 0 01 Commonly Ethernet traffic is referred to in terms Percentage to 100 00 of the percentage of bandwidth used At 100 the gap between frames is at its minimum As the percentage is reduced the IPG is increased Rate IPG ns Set the interpacket gap The minimum IPG is 12 bytes or 96 bit times Rate Bit Rate The bit rate given as a number of kbps is a direct function of the bandwidth percentage 1 kbps corresponds to 0 00001 of a 10GE LAN interface Because the frame length can be random there is no fixed relationship between the bit rate and the data rate Disruption 0 10 000 000 Service disruption threshold Threshold microseconds Apply to All Apply this traffic configuration to all streams Data Input Constant Bandwidth 0 00 to 100 00 Enter the percentage of bandwidth which will be constantly filled directly in the field Press OK to apply the new settings and close the window Where do you want to go next Throughput Stream Table Setup Throughput Applications Throughput Summary Results Throughput Aggregate Results Throughput Stream Results Throughput Test Setup Home 55 RxT 10GE User s Manual
98. he far end If you have two units back to back the latency results will be erroneous LOSS Count of seconds of loss of signal Minimum Maximum Current and Average LOSync Count of the number of times synchronization has been lost View the Seconds and Min Max Current and Average counts of LOSync FCS CRC Count of frames containing FCS CRC error codes Error FCS CRC Error Current and Average Frame rates and the Current and Average FCS CRC Error bandwidth utilization statistics IP Checksum Count of frames containing IP Checksum error codes 121 RxT 10GE User s Manual Error UDP Checksum Error Lost SN Error Out of Sequence Error Duplicate SN Error IP Checksum Error Current and Average Frame rates and the Current and Average IP Checksum Error bandwidth utilization statistics Count of frames containing UDP Checksum error codes UDP Checksum Error Current and Average Frame rates and the Current and Average UDP Checksum Error bandwidth utilization statistics Count of frames with no sequence number Lost SN Error Current and Average Frame rates and the Current and Average Lost SN Error bandwidth utilization statistics Count of frames received out of sequence Out of Sequence Error Current and Average Frame rates and the Current and Average Out of Sequence Error bandwidth utilization statistics Count of frames with duplicated sequence numbers Duplicate SN Error Current and Average Frame rates a
99. her charger to recharge the Li Ion battery pack as this is very dangerous Only use the recommended Sunrise Telecom charger Refer to the device s manual and data sheet for details on charging time Do not use the Sunrise Telecom s Lithium Ion Charger on other lithium batteries or on any other type of battery fire or explosion may occur The test set external chargers and the battery pack itself continuously monitor the conditions of the cells for safety and maximum performance Never charge your Li Ion battery pack near heat or flammable objects The required charging time will depend upon the charge level of the battery and will vary from product to product Charging the battery while the test set is being used will increase the charging time Required charging time may also increase at lower temperatures The temperature range over which the battery can be charged is typically 0 C to 45 C Therefore charging efforts outside the prescribed temperature range are automatically blocked by the protection circuitry of the battery pack If a battery pack can not maintain charge for long period of time even when it is being charged correctly this may indicate it is time to replace the battery Never charge unattended battery packs or products containing Li Ion batteries Never leave your battery while charging in case of overheating or fire risk If the product or battery pack becomes too hot to the touch during charging disconnect a
100. hput Test Setup IP Test Setup RFC2544 Applications index 128 Monitor Testing Monitor Applications Monitor Test Mode can be used in either of the following two configurations e Pass Through mode the test set is inserted between two devices to monitor the frames in both directions e Splitter mode the test set is inserted between two devices using splitters In this mode you can insert and remove the test set without interrupting the traffic Pass Through and Splitter Monitor Modes fin monitor mode Pass Through or using a splitter the module is nonintrusive and will not generate traffic BER or PING testing Where do you want to go next Monitor Setup Summary Results Index 129 RxT 10GE User s Manual Monitor Test Profile Monitor live network traffic Framed traffic is required Monitor mode does not modify the frames as they pass through the test ports The monitoring ports will not drop or correct errored frames such frames will be retransmitted bit for bit Nor will the ports inject errors into monitored traffic Touch the XFP port if you need to change port information or Capture Filter to configure capturing The M on the graphic shows where measurements are taken To Configure a Monitor Test 1 Choose Monitor from the Test Profiles then press Setup 2 Configure the loopback Monitor Test Type The graphic reflects the test setup e Single Through A single RxT 10GE port is looped
101. ile S O Delete Rename Rename the highlighted file using the soft keyboard which appears Copy Save a copy of the file under a new name edit with the soft keyboard which appears A few characters such as are not allowed in file names Load Default Load the factory default profile Import Export Retrieve and load an exported profile or Export save the file to an external location a USB Flash Drive Export a File To save a file to a removable disk 1 Press Saved Results in the Action Bar 2 Highlight a file and select Export A Report Results from File window pops up A Choose the external location an SD Card or USB Flash Drive 3 On the Report Setup tab File Format When applicable choose one of the following e CSV File On to create a csv file to use in a program such as Excel e PDF File On to create a PDF file which opens with any PDF viewer Ia PDF viewer is available on the system desktop Report Selection Choose the result to appear in the Report Only Summary is selected by default to save space 4 If desired enter Customer User and Trouble Ticket information Press Apply then return to the Report Setup tab to generate the file 5 Press Create Report at the bottom of the Report Setup tab to generate the file e The new file appears on the Reports tab To read the file attach the external disk to another RxT go to the system desktop and open the File Manager Choose the external
102. ing Desktop Index 40 Throughput Test Setup Ethernet Testing The signal graphic both reflects the Ethernet frame and gives you access to the associated configuration screens Layer 2 tests Click on a frame element in the graphic to configure the Stream Table If necessary press the single left dark blue button to choose a port and its configuration shown by the connector XFP SFP RJ 45 and rate then configure the rest of the setup Parameter_ Options sd Cettails _ _ _ _ _ _ Test Type Total Streams L1 64B 55B Unframed signal Continuous bits without framing containing 8B 10B line coding for RJ 45 and SFP ports L2 PRBS FCS Layer 2 Framed The BERT is performed at OSI Layer 1 physical layer using the FCS or the CRC field defined for an Ethernet frame without the MAC header L2 Framed The BERT is performed at OSI Layer 2 data link BERT Out of service testing traffic would be disrupted perform a throughput BER test Live Take statistics on frames but does not look for pattern synchronization or bit errors View set the number of streams in use 1 16 Frouch the frame element graphic to access the Stream Table configuration Select the test layer L1 64B 55B Note Configure the Test Pattern L2 PRBS FCS Note Configure the Frame Size Pattern and Traffic Shape L2 Framed Note Configure the Stream Table See the diagrams Select the type of test BERT
103. ion determines the maximum number of frames sent back to back with minimal IPG in other words at 100 frame rate that the DUT can process without losing frames The test begins with a specified number of frames and repeats with more or fewer frames until it determines the maximum number As always this is repeated for each frame size 107 RxT 10GE User s Manual e The Average Minimum and Maximum number of frames processed without error for each frame size is shown in the table Where do you want to go next RFC2544 Aggregate Results RFC2544 Throughput Test Setup RFC2544 Applications Working Desktop Index RFC2544 Frame Loss Table Results e View the percentage of frames of each size lost for the indicated Input Rate e Frames are plotted as a function of bandwidth utilization e See the Frame Loss Chart for a graphical representation of the results Where do you want to go next RFC2544 Aggregate Results RFC2544 Throughput Test Setup RFC2544 Applications Working Desktop Index RFC2544 Frame Loss Chart Results View the percentage of frames of each size lost for the indicated input rate each rate has its own color See the Frame Loss Table for the table of the results e The graph plots the frame loss as a function of frame rate as a percentage of the maximum frame rate and frame size e Different frame sizes are shown in different colors see the color size key to the right side the graph itself for refer
104. is available on the system desktop Report Selection Choose the result to appear in the Report Only Summary is selected by default to save space 4 If desired enter Customer User and Trouble Ticket information Press Apply then return to the Report Setup tab to generate the file 5 Press Create Report at the bottom of the Report Setup tab to generate the file e The new file appears on the Reports tab 70 Ethernet Testing To read the file attach the external disk to another RxT go to the system desktop and open the File Manager Choose the external drive containing the file and open it See below RxT 10GE can open the compressed file If you are Exporting a file with Remote operation a pdf viewer appears when the report has generated showing the file you exported Make sure to press Save to save the file for future use Top Open a Saved File via the File Manager To open a saved file via the computer system a 1 Press Bon the front of the chassis to switch to the system desktop 2 Touch the File Manager icon It may take several seconds for the program to open 3 Under Places select File System After a moment the right half of the screen will fill with the a list or display of file icons 4 Touch View As above the display to choose View as List or View as Icons as you prefer 4 Open the Media folder 5 Choose the location of your file an SD Card or a USB drive 6 Browse to the required fil
105. isetelecom com tw Express Limited Warranty This Sunrise Telecom product is warranted against defects in materials and workmanship during its warranty period The warranty period for this product is contained in the warranty page on http www sunrisetelecom com Sunrise Telecom agrees to repair or replace any assembly or component found to be defective under normal use during this period The obligation under this warranty is limited solely to repairing or replacing the product that proves to be defective within the scope of the warranty when returned to the factory This warranty does not apply under certain conditions as set forth on the warranty page on http www sunrisetelecom com Please refer to the website for specific details THIS IS A LIMITED WARRANTY AND THE ONLY WARRANTY MADE BY SUNRISE TELECOM SUNRISE TELECOM MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTY REPRESENTATION OR CONDITION EXPRESS OR IMPLIED AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY RIGHTS Where do you want to go next Customer Service Working Desktop index 20 Measurement Setup Configure how and when results are taken Start Stop Mode Options i Detais O i Parameter Start Mode PROGRAM Program a specified date and time in the future to begin taking measurements Once you have selected Program enter the desired date and time in the next two items MANUAL Manuall
106. ital systems systematic jitter is dominant e Random jitter is independent of the transmitted pattern In higher rate systems the random jitter may become more important e Packet Jitter Measures the variation in arrival rates between individual packets in the same stream which is called one way delay The difference is called IP Packet Delay Variation ipvd Test environment parameters which affect the jitter performance are test sequences bit rate pulse shape cable characteristics temperature cross talk and noise Network equipment must be able to operate in the presence of some jitter jitter tolerance Output jitter measurement can be classified into two categories e Network output jitter at hierarchical interface e Intrinsic jitter generated by individual digital equipment Packet jitter is described in RFC 3393 IP Packet Delay Variation Metric for IP Performance Metrics IPPM Jitter measurements are classified into three types Output Jitter Jitter Tolerance and Jitter Transfer Output Jitter measures the amount of jitter at the network element output either PDH or SDH ITU T defines a limit for a jitter output for every interface which should not affect the quality of the transmission Excess jitter in the signal will be reflected as bit errors when data is being transported or as voice distortion if voice traffic is being carried The limits for maximum output jitter are defined by ITU T G 823 PDH interfaces G
107. lash after copying the file on plug the flash drive into the RxT 10GE e copy to the RxT 10GE hard drive xtt 5000 directory home Sunrise option 4 On the RxT 10GE go to Software Options tab and select the appropriate location according to step 3 5 Click Load RxT 10GE will retrieve the option key and validate the option file in that particular location If there is an error an informative window will pop up to help you correct the problem Test options may be purchased from Sunrise Telecom Contact Customer Service The color of the option button shows whether or note the option is enabled for the unit e Checked Option Enabled e Not checked Disabled Option Type i Description ____ _ i yO Remote User System Control RxT 10GE from a remote browser Access 10GigE Test Ports Optional 10 GigE hardware Gig and Below Loopback Advanced Test option responder testing en Testing WAN on Advanced Test option iocge test fm Testing If your unit is set for Loopback Only Advanced IP Test VLAN ID Scan 1OGE WAN and Fibre Channel will be disabled New Software Option Software test options must be loaded You will be provided with an option key Use the next selection to tell RxT LOGE where to find the software option key for Step 3 in the procedure above item Description __ S Media USB Retrieves the file from an external USB drive See the Location 25 RxT 10GE User s Manual Lo
108. mechanism for data across a LAN the utilization of Ethernet has expanded to MAN and WAN to challenge traditional TDM based technologies such as T Carrier PDH and SONET SDH Its superior cost performance proven ability to carry packet based data and easy integration into a LAN environment make it a preferred solution to ATM Token Ring and Frame Relay for delivering IP based services such as VoIP and IPTV as well as traditional data and internet traffic Ethernet interface rates today span from 10 Mbps up to 10 Gbps Typically Ethernet is carried over UTP unshielded twisted pair or fiber optic cable single mode or multi mode depending on wavelength but other options exist including thin coaxial cable The original Ethernet standard was for 10M and 100M is referred to as Fast Ethernet Most copper Ethernet ports support both 10M and 100M and even 1000M in some cases and they are usually referred to as 10 100M ports or 10 100BASE T 10G LAN has a line rate of 10 Gbps 10G WAN encapsulates Ethernet traffic into an OC 192c STM 64c frame has thus has a line rate of 9 953 Gbps Ethernet Standards Ethernet Frames Frame Size Efficiency Frame Size Details VLAN Tagging MAC Addresses MPLS Unicast Multicast Testing Note IPG Where do you want to go next Working Desktop index Technology Standards IEEE Standards Request For Comments Metro Ethernet Forum Ethernet is controlled by the IEEE 802 3 body of standards b
109. ments using TCP IP protocol are connected TRACEROUTE Trace the route see each hop to the far end device FTP Web transfer testing HTTP Web access testing VLAN SCAN Scan and report all VLAN IDs observed on the test interface AURWN Caution If you are sending packets to your responder via a router or other device with its own IP address make sure to set the Dst MAC to the MAC address or router NOT the responder Otherwise the router will likely discard the packets without ARP in use If you are staying down at layer 2 MAC this does not apply IP works fine if all the devices are on the same local network segment This applies when sending traffic off your local network segment Where do you want to go next Meas Setup IP Advanced Test Profile Working Desktop index 112 Advanced IP Features Trace Route Results The Trace Route results window displays e the status of the trace e the sequence of hops e the time between hops between the test port and the destination address Select Ping as the IP TEST TYPE on the IP Advanced signal setup window to run a Ping test and press OK then Start to access this results window Where do you want to go next IP Test Setup IP Testing IP Summary Results Ping Trace Route Setup index IP VLAN Setup To add turn On VLAN tags check the corresponding VLAN box Only use if VLAN is in use in your system See VLAN Setup for details e Upto three VLANS are
110. mputer an ARP message is sent saying who has IP address 192 168 1 2 All of the computers on the network will see that message but only the one with that IP address will respond saying r that s me at Ethernet address 12 34 56 78 9A BC From then on IP packets for 192 168 1 2 will be sent to Ethernet address 12 34 56 78 9A BC so that only that computer will see them all the others on the network will filter out those packets Where do you want to go next IP Test Setup IP Testing Throughput Test Setup RFC2544 Applications Working Desktop index Technology IP Packet Diagram Version IHL Type of Service Total Length Identification Flags Fragment Offset Time to Live Protocol Header Checksum Source address Destination address Options Padding Data such as TCP or UDP Where do you want to go next Working Desktop index 90 Ethernet Testing Technology Jitter Jitter affects both digital generation of bit errors uncontrolled slips and analog signals Unwanted phase modulation of the transmitted signal Essentially jitter is an unwanted phase modulation of the digital signal Jitter may cause errors or bit slips in a digital circuit and deteriorate the performance of a transmission network which is why you look for bit and other errors when testing jitter tolerance Jitter is classified as systematic and random jitter e Systematic jitter is pattern dependent In lower rate dig
111. n E EEA 95 REC2544 Test Profile nench cute sev eat eoat an a a e a aE aa E a TERA a 95 RFC2544 Test Configuration aaae aa aa eee eee ener EENE EESAN SAET Aa 97 RFC2544 Test Notes HOME ies seta oe aa aa aA ONA EAA ATE AAA 98 REG2544 ApplicatiOnsy iar nananana aaa anaia dd etek bu oa dE T Eaa iaa aeaa Dedia 100 RFC2544 One Tester Application Diagram sssssssssssssssssssserrrnrrrrrrrrrrrarrrarnnnn 100 RFC2544 Throughput Application s ssssssssssesrrrrsserrnnrseurrrrnneurrrrnnnunnrnnnnnennan 101 RFC2544 Frame Size SetU vcs vicsivendevviieiveaaetiin NAAR Ur ERARE ER E EEE A e NA AnA 102 RFC 2544 Frame Loss amp Back to Back Setup s sssssssssssssssssssssrrrerrrerrrrrrrrnrnnens 103 RFC2544 Back to Back Testing NOteS ssssssssssrrsssrrnrrsrsrnnrnsnurnrrnunurnrrnnnnrnran 104 RFC2544 Throughput Latency Setup cecccccecceee eset eee e eee e esse eae eaeeenenneeeaenenees 104 RFC2544 Summary RESUIES cece EERE EEE DEERE EEE EES 106 RFC2544 Thruput Latency ReSUItS ccccccecee etree eee nee ee eee ene t ene n nee neta 107 RFC2544 Thruput Chart R SUItS cccccceeccee cere nee nee eee eee n ated enn e Enea 107 RFC2544 Back to Back Table Results cccecceceeee eset teen teen eee e ents nate netnaeenaeeaaes 107 RFC2544 Frame Loss Table Results cceccecee cece eee e eens eens eens sees ene eeneeeeeenenegs 108 RFC2544 Frame Loss Chart R SUItS cceccccceeeee eee eee eee eens eens seat eneteanetaneenaeenaes 108 Table of Contents Ad
112. nd the Current and Average Out of Duplicate SN Error bandwidth utilization statistics Where do you want to go next IP Test Setup Ping Trace Route Results Working Desktop index 122 Loopback Testing Loopback Diagram tafe and aot tA Wangan amd receive Loopback Mode Diagram Where do you want to go next Loopback Test Profile Loopback Test Profile Perform Loopback testing The signal graphic both reflects the Ethernet frame and gives you access to the associated configuration screens To Configure a Loopback 1 Choose Loopback Test from the Test Profiles then press Setup 2 Configure the loopback e If desired configure the Capture Filter and or Measurement Setup e Press START then TEST RESULTS To send loopback commands in a test press the L2 Control button in the Action Bar See the application diagram Press L2Control to bring up the Loopback Control pop up to send loopback commands in a Throughput or RFC2544 Test Mode as configured in this Loopback window Making changes one of these windows affects the other Select LOOP BACK on the Test Profile RxT 10GE can Control a loopback or act as a loopback responder Where do you want to go from here Loop Control Throughput Test Setup Throughput Summary Results Working Desktop 123 RxT 10GE User s Manual index Loopback Test Setup Once you have selected Loopback as the Test Profile configure the setup The si
113. nd switch off immediately Contact Sunrise Telecom Do not charge battery packs if the battery has expanded or swollen in size or if the battery cells have been punctured even if this is the first time the battery is going to be charged Do not charge or use the battery if any mechanical damage has occurred Do not continue charging the battery if it does not recharge within the specified charging time Doing so may cause the battery to become hot rupture or ignite Please consult the product s manual and data sheet Because batteries utilize a chemical reaction battery performance will naturally deteriorate over time even if stored for a long period without being used In addition if the various conditions such us charge discharge ambient temperature etc are not maintained within the specified ranges the life expectancy of the battery may be shortened or the device in which the battery is used may be damaged by electrolyte leakage Storage For long term storage the battery pack should be stored at room temperature around 20 C charged at about 30 to 50 of capacity We recommend that spare battery packs are charged about once per year to prevent over discharge If you have a spare battery pack rotate the packs frequently 15 RxT 10GE User s Manual Using the Battery Pack For the expected performance of each individual battery pack and test set please refer to their specific manuals and data sheets e Sunrise Telecom ba
114. network disruption on the far side of a switch from the test set the only indication of a problem will be an increase in the frame interval Because these disruptions are on the order of tens of milliseconds the minor variances in frame interval caused by shorter or longer frames is negligible Where do you want to go next Tech Ethernet Frames Summary Results Aggregate Results Throughput Stream Results Working Desktop index 83 RxT 10GE User s Manual Technology Ethernet IPG The gap of time between the end of one frame and the start of the preamble for the next frame is called the inter frame gap IFG the delay between successive frames IFG IFG Because most Ethernet traffic carries IP packets the IFG is often called the IPG Inter Packet Gap In fact the terms packet and frame tend to be used interchangeably by users even though they refer to very distinct entities The minimum IFG is 12 bytes or 96 bit times The minimum IFG thus depends on the interface rate as follows Interface BitTime Minimum FG 100 0 ns 100M Minimum I FG To improve efficiency some network elements support frame gaps lower than 12 bytes but the non standard implementation is not wide spread and not generally recommended Frame Size Efficiency VLAN Tagging MPLS MAC Addresses Where do you want to go next Ethernet Frames Ethernet Overview Working Desktop index Technology Frame Size Details
115. next Throughput Test Setup Throughput Summary Results Working Desktop index L1 BERT Diagram SE nem Ther isi or 1590 ee ws Sigebit Sa leard haie k Bs Layer 1 BERT Applications Where do you want to go next index 33 RxT 10GE User s Manual L2 BERT Diagram Pedi sage saenm Fardi Pox HaarEng Peat TX essor tonm Patt Rx Layer 2 BERT Where do you want to go next index Thruput Application Diagrams SA mm iTi or 1390 aw amt x w o f kardiak oo 2woN ayer Layer 1 Ethernet Testing Applications Pad fx Bor SAG Padi Re Layer 2 BERT Where do you want to go next Throughput Test Setup Working Desktop index 34 Ethernet Testing Ethernet Port Configuration Press a RJ 45 SFP XFP Test Port button to change the port in use Configure a Port Address if necessary Port Configuration Parameter Options SSCS XFP 1 XFP 1 SFP 2 SFP 3 RJ 45 2 RJ 45 3 Interface o Pause Frame Parameter Options Details O O Z o UU U O O Pause Enable The unit will stop Set how the local device will transmitting on receipt of respond to pause packets flow control pause packets Disable RxT 10GE will not stop TX even if it receives a pause frame from remote peer Delay 0 to 3355 us Set the length of time indicated by the Pause frame sent by the module N Local Area Network SDH or SONET measurements alarm WAN SDH Choose a port t
116. ng HTTP Web access testing aM eee Caution If you are sending packets to your responder via a router or other device with its own IP address make sure to set the Dst MAC to the MAC address or router NOT the responder Otherwise the router will likely discard the packets without ARP in use If you are staying down at layer 2 MAC this does not apply IP works fine if all the devices are on the same local network segment This applies when sending traffic off your local network segment 114 Advanced IP Features FTP Web Results Select Ping as the IP TEST TYPE on the IP Advanced Test Profile window to run a FTP test FTP Test Statistics Statistic Description Comment Test Status Current status of the PASS Test completed no errors test LOGIN FAIL Failed to login to FTP server due to invalid user name or password mismatch UNKNOWN HOST FTP server is not available FILE NOT FOUND Specified file is not available ACCESS DENIED Not enough privilege to access the file IN PROGRESS Transfer is in progress STOPPED Test stopped by user NO LINK No link e FAIL Test failed unknown reason hill iii SE file DOWNLOAD Transferred Number of bytes LE Time ms time Rate Average Average up download Transferred bit rate Rate kbps FTP Server IP View the server s IP address Minimum Minimum up download Transferred bit rate Rate kbps Maximum The maximum Transferred up download bit rate Rate k
117. ngle mode data is transmitted and received on the same port The RJ 45 SFP ports can optionally be set to also work in single mode on the graphic connect a port straight across For example set port 2 to both TX and RX Summary and Aggregate results tabs are available Where do you want to go next Monitor Applications Summary Results Working Desktop Index 131 Glossary 0 0000 Industry standard all zeros test pattern 1 1010 Industry standard alternating ones and zeros test pattern 1111 Industry standard all 1s test pattern 2 2e15 1 2 15 Industry standard 215 1 pseudo random bit sequence This signal is formed from a 15 stage shift register and is not zero constrained This pattern contains up to 14 zeros in a row 2e20 1 2 20 Industry standard 2e20 1 pseudo random bit sequence This signal is formed from a 20 stage shift register and is not zero constrained This pattern contains up to 19 zeros in a row 2e23 1 2 23 Industry standard 2e23 1 pseudo random bit sequence This signal is formed from a 23 stage shift register and is not zero constrained This pattern contains up to 22 zeros in a row 2e31 1 2 31 Industry standard 2e31 1 pseudo random bit sequence This signal is formed from a 31 stage shift register and is not zero constrained This pattern contains up to 30 zeros in a row A Avg Average BERT Bit Error Rate Test C CFI Canonical Format Indicator CJ PAT Continuo
118. o test with Tests can run on all three ports at the same time Porti XFP 10 10GE test choose LAN or SONET SDH WAN Port2 3 RJ 45 10 100 1000BASE T test Port2 3 SFP 1000BASE T 100BASE FX 1 2 4G Fibre Channel Possible Port Combinations Port1 XFP Port2 RJ 45 Port3 RJ 45 B Porti XFP Port2 RJ 45 Port3 SFP Port1 XFP Port2 SFP Port3 SFP D Porti XFP Port2 SFP Port3 RJ 45 e Port2 3 can t be selected as RJ 45 and SFP at the same time only one interface at a time Where do you want to go next The Working Desktop Meas Setup Configure measurement parameters Throughput Test Setup 35 RxT 10GE User s Manual IP Test Setup Monitor Setup Loopback Test Setup Index Port Address Configure the local port settings if necessary I MPORTANT NOTE These settings apply to the RxT module s test ports For each port set the IP Address Subnet Mask and Gateway addresses and view the factory default MAC Source address The port numbers refer to the port labels on the outside of the unit A number pad will appear for you to edit the addresses with Make sure to press Laser to on orange in the Action Bar to activate the laser when required Access this tab in the System menu Where would you like to go next Ethernet Port Config Working Desktop index Capture Setup Press Capture on the Test Setup window to specify the frame elements that will be captured The filter applies to the pa
119. oducts containing them MUST be used charged and handled properly and according to the manufacturer s recommendations Improper use can result in product damage serious injury fire or death Performance and life expectancy of batteries depend heavily on how battery packs are used In order to ensure safety be sure to carefully read and understand this document and to keep it handy If you have any questions or do not want to continue using this product please contact Sunrise Telecom Incorporated immediately at 1 800 701 5208 1 408 360 2200 or support sunrisetelecom com Lithium Ion Advantages e The biggest Li Ion advantage batteries have is the improvements in cell voltage and capacity over nickel cadmium NiCd or nickel metal hydride NiMH batteries Li Ion batteries are therefore said to have a much higher energy density compared with NiCd or NiMH batteries Unlike NiCd or NiMH batteries Li Ion batteries have no r memory effect This translates into a more productive test set that can be used un corded for longer periods or handle higher end applications which are usually more demanding e Much lighter batteries compared to the same capacity NiCd e No cadmium As most people know cadmium is highly toxic and is known to accumulate in biological systems which is why NiCd batteries must be disposed of carefully and in the right places following local regulations Although there are many other technical advantages that make Li
120. ongest amount of time in seconds the frames will be sent back to back e Ina perfect network the duration is infinite so the maximum duration is used to place a realistic cap on the time it takes to run the test Repetitions 1 100 Enter the number of times the test will be run e The average result will be taken over all repetitions Each repetition of the test can include many cycles of changing the duration and the number of frames sent Press OK to confirm the changes and close the window Press CANCEL to close the window without savings changes Where do you want to go next 103 RxT 10GE User s Manual RFC2544 Back to Back Testing Notes At the start of the test the RxT 10GE will send frames back to back for the specified duration e If the test runs without losing frames the duration will be increased and the test redone until frames are lost or until the maximum duration is reached e If frames are lost the duration will be reduced until no frames are lost e This cycle will continue until the specified resolution is reached e Once completed this is counted as one repetition the test is then repeated starting at the original duration for the number of repetitions specified Where do you want to go next RFC2544 Back to Back Setup RFC2544 Throughput Test Setup RFC2544 NE Stress Test Configuration RFC2544 Applications RFC2544 Summary Results index RFC2544 Throughput Latency Setup Select RFC2544 NE
121. op on the floor How to Clean Should a fiber connector become dirty or exhibit high loss carefully clean the entire ferrule and end face Special lint free pads should be used with isopropyl alcohol Even though not very accessible the end face in a bulkhead adapter on test equipment can be cleaned by using a special lint free swab again with isopropyl alcohol In extreme cases a test unit may require more thorough cleaning at the factory Cotton paper or solvents should never be used for cleaning since they may leave behind particles or residues Use a fiber optic cleaning kit especially made for cleaning optical connectors and follow the directions Canned air can do more harm than good if not used properly Again follow the directions that come with the kit Where do you want to go next 18 Throughput Test Setup RFC2544 NE Applications IP Test Setup Monitor Setup Loopback Test Setup Working Desktop index RxT System Customer Service Sunrise Telecom Customer Service performs the following functions e Answers customer questions over the phone on such topics as product operation and repair e Repairs malfunctioning XTT promptly e Provides information about product upgrades The warranty period covering the RxT is one year from the date of shipment on hardware software accessories and the battery A Return Merchandise Authorization RMA Number is required before any product may be shipped to Sunrise
122. opback Test Set Dis orisni Aa aa IEE ae a eva oboe a D oe Aaa ete A 124 LOOPback RESPONder epis i cadseeetes eoi ina ai a E bel A SE a AER E 125 Loop Control Set p ideri rieiinria inigi a EE AAAA AE EE E Ea EEA ARAARA 126 Loopback Ports Note neinir nA a E ee oe aio RE 127 LOOPBACK Query sis vsick nessa aeeaet ied advan dues cee Yeaiendades dees ebyna dian cuddbhbdselances 127 Monitor Testing isc cece cet Eaa EAA cede EAEAN E EEE E AAA edad as ee AANEEN ENE AE 129 Monitor Application Ss oia ern aa a ais AEEA aA lal ena A a mn AA 129 Monitor Test Profe a a a kin ek ah aches dels Av a bv EA a A aA 130 Monitor Test S tup e e a ENAERE TAAN VAGANTA ON ANANE NERAN 131 EET E A T a nea een E A Nn E 133 EE OX a E E A A E T E A A ET 137 RxT System Working Desktop Computer system Important Information com rc stem Hardware Notes RxT is a touch screen unit Use your finger or the stylus to make selections Many graphics are interactive Often a number pad will appear for use in entering alphanumeric data The Status Bar is the double black row at the top of the screen it provides system information The Action Bar of buttons at the left of the screen gives access to many functions Here is an overview on using the screen e Touch buttons to activate single touch click the function or to open double touch click their configuration screens Be careful not to touch the screen in to places at the same time e Button colors have meaning li
123. ort3 RJ 45 e Port2 3 can t be selected as RJ 45 and SFP at the same time only one interface at a time 43 RxT 10GE User s Manual Stream Table Setup e Each stream may be configured independently See Auto Fill to configure multiple streams e Throughput tests support up to 16 streams for a 10G test RFC 2544 tests support one stream To configure a stream tap a stream row The Stream X window will pop up for configuring the stream in detail configure each tab When there are multiple streams the window will have scroll arrows for moving between Stream Number x windows Applies to L2 Framed tests MAC VLAN MPLS IP TCP UDP Payload Traffic Shape Constant Ramp Burst Traffic shaping is not available in Layer 1 Unframed mode Stream Table Features Feature Function Total Streams View set the number of streams in use Use the buttons to enter a new quantity 1 16 of streams for the table if necessary The number in use is shown on the Total Stream gadget on the Setup as well Move Up Move Highlight a stream then use the Move Up Move Down of streams by one Auto Fill _ Automatically fill in the addresses of all streams in the table TPID BERT ID Edit the TPID directly in the field if required applies only Note This is a when VLAN is in use global settings all e 8100 is the standard IEEE 802 1Q 802 1P value BERT streams get e A TPID is available for each VLAN the same ID G Technology V
124. p index Echo Results Get details on the transmitted pings and received ping echoes Observe the following for each ping response Source addresses Destination address PING size in bytes PING round trip time in microseconds TTL of the inbound packet The details are for reference only Only one line is displayed per second even if the ping rate is higher Where do you want to go next Ping Trace Route Results Ping Test Results IP Test Setup Working Desktop index RxT 10GE User s Manual IP Adv Test Traceroute Setup The IP test tests end to end connectivity between active IP stations providing various performance related statistics TRACEROUTE maps each hop to the far end The signal graphic both reflects the Ethernet frame and gives you access to the associated configuration screens Layer 2 tests To Configure an Advanced IP Trace Route Test 1 Select IP Advanced Test under Carrier Class Ethernet on the Test Profiles Test Mode screen then press Setup If not already set choose a port by pressing the RJ 45 SFP XFP button Select IP Test Type TRACEROUTE Configure the Address Setup VLAN Setup and TRACEROUTE Setup if desired configure the Capture Filter Press START then TEST RESULTS Pretore you begin testing make sure the link is up Parameter _ Options Cs ttals _ _ _ O IP Test PING Commonly used to discover Select the type of test Type whether two remote LAN seg
125. p window opens 3 Configure the Throughput Latency tab Duration Enter a Time of 10 seconds longer values will increase testing time proportionately When performing delay measurements over a network with more than 1 ms of delay the average reported delay may be smaller than the minimum reported delay Use the Maximum delay as the benchmark for delay testing Starting Rate 100 Resolution As desired 1 is typical 4 Configure the Frame Size tab e Check 64 128 256 512 1024 1280 and 1518 e Selecting fewer frames will decrease testing time proportionately 5 Configure the Frame Loss Back to Back tab Duration Enter a Time of 10 seconds longer values will increase testing time proportionately Starting Rate 100 Step size As desired 10 is typical 6 Configure the second test port or the far end module with a software loopback as follows Menu test type Loopback Mode Manual Layer Layer 2 7 Make sure the laser is on then Press START on the Action Bar to start the RFC2544 tests The Summary measurement window will open automatically after a few moments Where do you want to go next RFC2544 Applications RFC2544 Summary Results Aggregate Results index 101 RxT 10GE User s Manual RFC2544 Frame Size Setup Set the frame sizes to test RxT 10GE offers the standard frames sizes 64 128 256 512 1024 1280 1518 4096 8192 12 000 The Frame Length row shows frame sizes in bytes e Che
126. peaker Access test modules from the rear Access the battery pack from the rear See the Battery notes Ports Top The top connector panel holds the test ports and a USB 2 0 host port e See Port Address e See SFPs are hot swappable Handle the bale carefully and avoid touching the end of the connector See Handling Optical Fiber Front Buttons See a graphic The red round top button is the power on off button Pressed briefly The unit powers on or if on the restart reboot query window appears Normal shut down Hold several seconds Forces a hard restart Start Stop measurements it takes a few moments for each action to occur RO KAD Use the up down and left and right arrowhead buttons on the 1 right side of the chassis to move around in the screens 10 RxT System ESC Go back one screen Press the blue Alt button to use the alternative blue functions on the F keys Fi F2 Decrease or increase system volume F3 F4 Decrease or increase screen brightness F5 Bring up the on screen keyboard F6 Toggle between the computer desktop the RxT application and any other open functions e g the File Manager Special function keys press one to activate the function on the screen button directly above it Used with the blue Alt key for system functions see Alt above Module Exchange To remove a module simply press the module release button on the back of the chassis then gently pull
127. puter addresses may change over time DNS runs on computers known as Name Servers They have regularly updated tables of the names and IP addresses of all Known computers on the Internet When you type r www google com into the address bar of your web browser the first thing that happens is that a DNS request is sent to one of the name servers saying r what is the IP address of www google com The name server will reply with the numerical IP address such as 208 67 219 230 Your computer will then use that address in its IP packets to communicate with Google s servers DHCP DHCP Dynamic Host Control Protocol is the way a computer which is just joining the Internet can find its own IP address and other information such as the IP addresses of the name server gateway to use When the network software is starting up it sends out a DHCP message in an IP message which has a special type of destination address called a Broadcast address This will be received by all computers connected to the same network segment and 89 RxT 10GE User s Manual one or more of them will reply giving the IP address that should be used and other information ARP The ARP Address Resolution Protocol allows a networked computer to search for a computer with a particular IP address ARP is important on LANs such as Ethernet where there may be many computers attached to the network but IP packets should only be sent to one of them To find another co
128. r Layer 2 and Layer 3 devices As such each test frame must have a valid MAC header preamble and interpacket gap For testing Layer 3 devices such as routers a valid IP header is also required Though VLAN support is not mentioned in RFC 2544 VLAN based services should include the appropriate VLAN tags Unframed testing where the payload data is not encapsulated into a valid Ethernet frame is not compatible with RFC2544 device testing RxT 10GE uses a frame payload that consists of a sequence number a time stamp and a test pattern specified by the user The sequence number and time stamp are used to accurately measure lost frames and latency respectively Frame Sizes The standard frame sizes for Ethernet testing are 64 128 256 512 1024 1280 and 1518 bytes With systems that support jumbo frames such as 4096 or 9000 byte frames these frame sizes should be tested as well The RxT 10GE defaults to the frame size defined in RFC 2544 but allows you to set the frame size to any valid value RFC2544 Test Types Throughput The throughput test determines the maximum frame rate without lost frames the DUT can manage The test begins at 100 frame rate by sending a predetermined number of frames or more commonly sending the frames for a predetermined length of time If any frames are lost the test is repeated at a lower frame rate This process continues until the maximum throughput is determined Sunrise Telecom uses a binary
129. r Media select the profile location on a Flash drive 4 Select a file 5 Press Load to import and load the selected profile to the test module Export To save a profile 1 On the View Test Records Setup window press Import Export 2 On the Import Export window choose the Export tab 3 Select the file to work with it it will be highlighted in orange 4 Verify or update as required the File Name View the File Size and File Created date and time 5 Under Destination Media select the location to save the file to locations available depend on your peripherals 6 Press OK to save the file to the indicated location Make sure to remove the external disk properly Where do you want to go next The Working Desktop View Test Records Profiles results files Meas Setup Configure measurement parameters Loopback Test Setup index 72 Ethernet Testing View Test Records Results For each saved results file view e the File name the Port the test was taken on Application test module e g 10G Ethernet OTN Test Mode e g Throughput or RFC2544 for an Ethernet Application the file Size e g 30 kb and the date the record was saved Press Page Down at the bottom of the screen to scroll to the next page of results Highlight a file then press View to look at its details including results and test profile It may take several seconds for a file to open a secondary program opens some types of files f saved reports
130. rame Rate Average Average transmitted and received frames per second over the duration of the test Frame Rate Minimum Minimum TX and RX frames per second since the beginning of the test Frame Rate Maximum Maximum TX and RX frames per second since the beginning of the test Utilization Percentage of bandwidth in use Current Maximum Minimum and Average usages Transmitted bit rate based on the current utilization Data Rate Transmitted bit rate of the Ethernet frames ignoring the frame gap preamble and SFD The data rate is always less than the line rate Frame Size Number of undersized fragmented frames with a length of less Under 64 than 64 bytes Bytes Some VLAN and MPLS frames may be undersized even if they fall within standard Ethernet frame sizes For example a 64 byte frame with VLAN is too short the length must be at least 68 bytes e For Unframed tests only Bit Errors are reported FS 64 bytes Count of frames with a length of 64 bytes FS 65 127 Count of frames with a length of 65 127 bytes FS 128 255 Count of frames with a length of 128 255 bytes bytes FS 256 511 Count of frames with a length of 256 511 bytes FS 512 1023 Count of frames with a length of 512 1023 bytes FS 1024 Count of frames with a length of 1024 1518 bytes 1518 Count of jumbo frames with a length of 1519 or more bytes 1518 119 RxT 10GE User s Manual Test Frames Non Test Frames Multicast Broadcast Test Fram
131. rames Ethernet MAC Addresses Tech Multicast Frames Ethernet Overview Working Desktop index Technology Undersized Frames Some VLAN and MPLS frames may be undersized even if they fall within standard Ethernet frame sizes For example a 64 byte frame with VLAN is too short the length must be at least 68 bytes For Unframed tests only Bit Errors are reported Where do you want to go next Ethernet Frames Ethernet Overview Throughput Stream Results Working Desktop index Technology Ethernet MAC Addresses The MAC addresses is six bytes written in hexadecimal e The first three bytes contain a vendor code also known as the OUI Organizationally Unique Identifier or company_id e The last three bytes contain a unique station ID Vendor codes are assigned and administered by the IEEE The OUI for Sunrise Telecom is 00 DO DD The station IDs are assigned by the manufacturers are often tied to the serial number of the device Vendor codes http standards ieee org regauth oui oui txt 00 DO DD 01 34 3A Assigned by IEEE User Value lo vendor 3 bytes MAC Address Format Unicast Most Ethernet traffic is designated to travel from one station to another specific station This is called unicast traffic Broadcast Ethernet traffic is sent to all stations on the network such frames are given a MAC destination of all ones FF FF FF FF FF FF Because broadcast traffic is very polluting it should be avoided whenev
132. rate alarms in a 10G setup Start capturing packets a 2 Loop Access Loopback Control E Fiow Transmits a flow control pause frame according to parameters set on the active port EATX Start Stop Start or Stop transmitting data if Start TX Coupled is not checked on Measurement Setup Test Features Bar The Test Features Bar is located at the bottom of the scree Test Results View the measurements screens View Test Records Work with saved files measurement results reports captured packets test profiles Test Features Access features specific to the test setup Access test tools System Status Software Options System Upgrade e Clear LED Status clear LEDs of historical data e Clear Result Zero all results statistics View quickly access the tests and results for each port Generate a measurement report See a graphic of the hardware ports and buttons Where do you want to go next Throughput Test Setup RFC2544 Test Setup Loopback Test Setup IP Testing index RxT System Important Information RxT 10GE provides not only sophisticated technical specifications but easy to use applications for the verification turn up and hand off of Ethernet services Use O O Ca RxT in conjunction with another test set or loopback device such as the Metro Responder to qualify network performance and verify quality of service per ITU and MEF standards and service level agreements Complete the
133. rect Once you have a green LINK LED testing is ready to begin Troubleshooting an ARP Error Message The ARP feature makes configuring RxT 10GE easier ARP takes an IP address and returns the MAC address of the destination system If the unit Failed to resolve the host via ARP one of two things are likely responsible e The IP Address configuration on the test equipment does not match the network you are testing Solution Enable DHCP if available or check your network configuration by pinging your default gateway If you get no response your configuration is invalid e The IP Address provided for the destination host is wrong or the host is not on the network Solution Please check the configuration of the destination host From that host attempt to ping the default gateway to verify network connectivity e XTT 5000 will always ARP for the default gateway If the ARP fails it will not affect anything Requesting the MAC of the default gateway is only required when sending traffic off of your local Ethernet segment Troubleshooting an STT Ethernet Connection If you are testing using an STT Ethernet there common configuration will cause problems RxT 10GE Throughput gt STT Ethernet RxT 10GE Throughput lt STT Ethernet By default if you are using Layer 2 4 testing the RxT 10GE will default to 802 3 framing and the STT Ethernet will default to Ethernet type II framing When sending Throughput BERT traffic in both directions
134. rom the other end The combination of TCP header and the actual message is then wrapped in IP and sent to the network hopefully to reach the addressed computer usually after passing through many many forwarding computers on the way When the recipient computer receives the TCP message it sends an acknowledgment back If the original sender sees that acknowledgment then all is well the next message can be sent If the sender does not get an acknowledgment within a reasonable time it sends the message again repeating this until it knows the message has got through or until it eventually gives up and assumes that the network is broken In reality TCP acknowledges many messages at a time while simultaneously sending its own messages For example a TCP header might say I have received all your messages up to number 97 and here is my message number 38 ICMP and Ping ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol like TCP uses IP to communicate from one computer to another Unlike with TCP these messages do not carry information of interest to users instead they let the computers find out about one another One important type of ICMP message is called echo request When one computer wants to check that it can reach another it sends it echo request ICMP packet which asks r are you there When the other end receives that it sends back a reply called an echo response meaning yes I am here This process is called a ping By sending a
135. rs Press OK to save your changes and return to the Stream Table Press Cancel to exit the screen without saving changes Where do you want to go next Throughput Stream Table Setup Throughput Summary Results Working Desktop index 50 Ethernet Testing Stream VLAN Setup VLAN 1 is set on For VLAN2 and VLAN3 the labels toggle from Off to On To configure VLAN for the next or previous use at the bottom of the screen Parameter Options Details ss TPID 0x40 to Edit the TPID if required 0x8100 66 8100 is the standard IEEE 802 1Q 802 1P value Priority 0 7 Enter the User Priority value per IEEE 802 1Q e User Priority O is the default for Ethernet networks e The Number Pad will appear to facilitate numeric entry GThe Priority Table shows the traffic types by priority CFI 0 1 The CFI should almost always be set to 0 to be O companie win Etnemet seltenes oo os ID 0 2045 Enter the optional Virtual LAN tags into the field for each stream VLAN tags conform to IEEE 802 1Q and IEEE 802 1P VLAN Options Notes e The last TPID should always be 0x8100 this means the first TPID is set to 0x8100 if only one VLAN is in use e When an additional VLAN is enabled it will automatically increment However you may edit the value e When a VLAN is enabled in such a way that it is not the innermost VLAN it will assume the last saved value e The use of two and sometimes three tags is referred to as S
136. rt e The graphic on the Signal window shows how Loopback mode works In Loopback mode a red LB status banner appears in the Status Bar reporting status such as LB Running or LB Waiting e The test set will only respond to those loop commands addressed to it e In this mode the layer is NOT selected e RxT 10GE will not respond to any loop commands until you press START Once the test has started RxT 10GE will go into a waiting for loopback command state A screen message informs you that the test set is in the waiting for loopback command state e The test set s MAC and IP address appear as appropriate e Once RxT 10GE receives a loop up command from the received traffic it will begin looping back frames based on the layer indicated in the loop command frame Layer 1 Layer 2 or Layer 3 e A screen message appears informing you that the test set is in an active loopback state e When RxT 10GE receives a loop down command from the received traffic it will cease looping back frames and re enter the waiting for loopback command state e Once you stop the test RxT 10GE will return to the waiting for loopback command state Where do you want to go next Loopback Test Setup Loop Control IP Test Setup Throughput Test Setup RFC2544 Applications Working Desktop index 125 RxT 10GE User s Manual Loop Control Setup To perform loopback testing select Loopback Test as the test type on the Test Profile then
137. s lost of frame oh Bandwidth Lost 512 bits 1024 bits 4096 bits 1024 160 bits 119 731 19 157 088 1 9 Bytes 8192 bits 160 bits 81 274 13 003 901 1 3 Frame Rates Frame Size Efficiency VLAN Tagging MPLS MAC Addresses IPG Where do you want to go next Ethernet Frames Ethernet Overview Throughput Stream Results Working Desktop index 81 RxT 10GE User s Manual Technology Ethernet Frames 64 to 1518 bytes Preamble 7 bytes Start of Frame Delimiter 1 byte Destination MAG Address 6 bytes Source MAC Address 6 byles Length of Frame or Type of Data 2 bytes Data 46 to 1500 bytes Frame Check Sequence 4 bytes Basic Ethernet Frame 82 Preamble and SFD Start Frame Delimiter Preceding each frame is a preamble of 7 bytes and a 1 byte SFD The preamble is a pattern of alternating 1s and Os 10101010 for all 7 bytes The SFD has a pattern of 10101011 The preamble allows devices to detect and synchronize to incoming Ethernet frames the SFP marks the end of the preamble For the purposes of calculating frame lengths the 8 bytes of Preamble and SFP are not included Ethernet frame Consists of a MAC Media Access Control header followed by the frame payload and ends with a FCS Frame Check Sequence MAC header 14 bytes consists of a 6 byte Destination Address a 6 byte Source Address and a 2 byte Ethertype field see MAC Address Overview Ethertype field U
138. s or 96 bit times Rate Bit Rate The bit rate given as a number of kbps is a direct function of the bandwidth percentage 1 kbps corresponds to 0 00001 of a 10GE LAN interface Because the frame length can be random there is no fixed relationship between the bit rate and the data rate Disruption 0 10 000 000 Service disruption threshold Threshold microseconds Apply to All Apply this traffic configuration to all streams Data Input Constant Bandwidth 0 00 to 100 00 Enter the percentage of bandwidth which will be constantly filled directly in the field Press OK to apply the new settings and close the window Where do you want to go next Throughput Stream Table Setup Throughput Applications Throughput Summary Results Throughput Aggregate Results Throughput Stream Results Throughput Test Setup Home 68 Ethernet Testing Stream Rx Filter To enable filtering select the Rx Filter tab on the Stream x specifies the frame elements that will be captured Turn an element On to filter for that element e For example if you sent Source MAC on only packets which match the Stream Table Source Mac settings will be captured e Set to Off packets would be captured regardless of their Source MAC address Testing Tips Most testing is done with a loopback unit at the other end In a Layer 2 3 loopback the Source and Destination MAC IP will be swapped so the traffic can be returned to the test set
139. search algorithm for determining the throughput The standard test method reduces the throughput by a set increment such as 10 This is not the most efficient algorithm available especially for determining the throughput with a better resolution such as 1 The binary search changes the throughput value by ever decreasing increments 50 25 etc The throughput is increased or decreased depending on the results of the previous test The algorithm continues to run until the throughput is determined to within the specified resolution typically 1 to 10 Latency The standard latency test is to run test traffic at the predetermined throughput rate or two minutes and measure the latency of a single tagged frame sent at least one minute into test The reported latency is the average of twenty such tests Strict adherence to the standard would require 280 minutes over four hours to complete for all frame sizes The RxT 10GE provides the option to instead perform a Quick Latency test that eliminates the need to run a separate and time consuming latency test During the throughput test the latency of the test frames is measured and averaged Results from failed throughput tests are discarded The latency results from the highest successful throughput test are kept and reported Latency results as a function of frame size and throughput are tabularized Frame Loss Rate The frame loss rate test plots the frame loss as a function of utilization
140. sed as a frame length indicator or as protocol indicator depending on which Ethernet standard is being used IEEE 802 2 uses the field to indicate the frame length in hex The DIX or Ethernet II standard uses the field to indicate the type of data being transmitted In most IP based applications the Ethernet II standard is used and the field is set to an Ethertype of 0x0800 to indicate an IP version 4 payload Ethertype values http standards ieee org regauth ethertype eth txt Payload Size The minimum payload size is 46 bytes Frames with fewer payload bytes are considered undersized The minimum Ethernet frame size is 64 bytes The maximum frame size is 1518 bytes Frame sizes above 1518 called jumbo frames are allowed by some systems and are an effective means of increasing the efficiency of the network The presence of VLAN tags changes the effective minimum and maximum frame sizes FCS A 4 byte CRC performed over the entire Ethernet frame Sometimes the FCS is called the CRC field To avoid confusion it is sometimes written as the FCS CRC field When an Ethernet device receives a frame it performs a CRC calculation and compares it to the frame s FCS field If they match the frame is processed If they do not match the frame is discarded Due to the limits of the error checking capabilities of a 4 byte CRC the largest practical size for an Ethernet frame is roughly 12 000 bytes Ethernet Testing e Note Because errored fram
141. snssnnennsnneunornornorrnerrnrrennennannnannan 27 View Test Records Results ss ssssssrssrrsrrernssnsennennsennonnornornoernerrenrennennnnnnennan 29 Viewing Test RECOPA wii renani aiin riana AAE aan vide A a E aaa 30 View Test Records CaptureS ssssssrssrrerresrsssasnsenssuneunsrnsrrorrnerrnrrnnrennnnnnannan 30 View Test Records File USage sssssssssrnrrsssrrrrrsrsrrnrnnnurnrrnnnnrnrnnununrnnnnnnerennnn 31 Ethernet TEStinG ies sieiseaicie ten shiewetietiea ea wa ANEAN A AE AAEE AEAEE A AAT E are nadia ate AAE 33 Throughput Applications nieda aE AAA EAA RAAR a ANa EAR SA 33 DITE Ea E AA A A E T tekesveewiriaaniacse es 33 L2 BERT DIAQraMlecavicicosiiawtuectereiesitdaiaswevivieieeeecateneet stated EIA vere AEEA AANER 34 Thruput Application DiagramS cccccece ect EEE nee eae 34 Ethernet Port Configuration aree arnan nne eee eee eee eee eas 35 Port AGARESS ie bette ede EE valentin ine die eee Ran Wels elec eta ee et 36 Capture SEU s2ci ices anaE see elaivts lee A AAAA NN Ea NENE AAEE Tera ens 36 Capture MAC Setup is rrr ences tase AE EAEE recede riadeeaiieucuedeed EARED eecesa decree 37 Capture VLAN SEUD eryri a siaa En EC EEE atone ceed aa tei Leela ee dace ei ENEEK 37 Capture IP SetU srra rastada AEI ARAA RIESTER ANIR NES ANRO A ets 38 Capture Error Setu peice ar eet a EAE OE EEEE EET ALERE IA AE 38 Capture Length Setups ir civ recs seeder tert ee A eek A EE aA EEA ean eal EA 39 Throughput Test Profile neari inaina anaa ea
142. sts are particularly useful for longer burn in tests To configure an NE stress test select RFC 2544 as the test on the Test Profile window then set the Test Mode to NE test Type on the Test Setup On the Throughput Latency tab set the Starting and Stop Rates as well as the Step Size Make sure the laser is on then Press START on the Action Bar to start a test Where do you want to go next RFC2544 Applications RFC2544 Summary Results IP Test Setup Throughput Test Setup Home RFC2544 One Tester Application Diagram RFC2544 Throughput and NE Test Setup Where do you want to go next RFC Applications RFC Thruput Application RFC2544 Throughput Test Setup RFC2544 NE Stress Test Configuration index 100 RFC2544 Testing RFC2544 Throughput Application Test Notes The following sample test presumes the use of an RJ 45 port for a RFC2544 throughput test The test operates between two RxT 10GE modules or two test ports on the same module Configure your port then follow this procedure see the application diagram 1 On the Test Profile window select RFC 2544 as the Carrier Class Ethernet test 2 On the Test Setup window e Select RFC2544 or NETEST as the test Type e Select Dualport to run a test with one module or Point to Point to test with two modules e Configure the Test Sequence Tap each test you want to run Select Throughput Latency and Frame Loss e Touch the graphic The RFC2544 Setu
143. t the bottom of the screen Traffic Shape Parameter Options Joes SSCSC SSCSCSY Percentage IPG ns Bit Determine the traffic rate Rate Rate 0 01 to 100 00 Ethernet traffic is expressed in Percent terms of the percentage of age bandwidth used At 100 the gap between frames is at its minimum As the percentage is reduced the IPG is increased Rate The minimum IPG is 12 The interpacket gap IPG is the IPG bytes or 96 bit times delay between successive frames ns Rate The bit rate given as a number of Bit kbps is a direct function of the Rate bandwidth percentage Because the frame length can be random there is no fixed relationship between bit rate and data rate Disruption 0 10 000 000 microseconds Service disruption threshold Threshold Apply to Alt Apply this traffic configuration to all 57 RxT 10GE User s Manual streams When changing units from Percentage to IPG to Bit Rate the display will reset back to the last value entered for those units Data Input Burst Bandwidth Rate IPG Enter the size of the burst 1 2 the RxT will transmit Burst 1 2 Duration Enter the number of seconds the first or second burst of traffic will last Press OK to apply the new settings and close the window Burst Bandwidth Accuracy The accuracy of the burst bandwidth is reduced when the burst duration is shorter than the time to send approximately 100 frames at 100 bandwidth
144. t the IPG or Preamble Thus the data rate reflects both the frame rate and frame size Data Rate Transmit data rate in kbps bps etc The data rate includes the frame headers but not the IPG or Preamble Thus the data rate reflects both the frame rate and frame size Frame Sizes Count of frame types of each size Frame Size Under 64 Bytes 64 Bytes 65 127 128 255 256 511 512 10234 1024 1518 Over 1518 Bytes Test Frames For these test frame types view the frame Unicast count or Current frame rate frames per Multicast seconds and the Average frame rate fps Broadcast Counts and rates may show for the Transmit Invalid MAC Frames and or Receive directions Not all statistics will Total VLAN Frames show for all ports or setups Single Tagged VLAN Frames Multi Tagged VLAN Frames IPv4 IPv6 Frames Count Unicast Multicast Broa dcast TCP Frames UDP Frames Pause Frames Packet Jitter u Minimum Maximum and Average variation in arrival rates between individual packets in the same stream one way delay 61 RxT 10GE User s Manual Bit Error Count of bit errors Current Bit Count of the number of bit errors since the beginning of the test Bit Error Ratio BER Bit error ratio since the beginning of the test LOP s Count of number of seconds containing Loss of Pattern No BERT Traffic s Seconds containing no BERT traffic Frame Interval Minimum Smallest frame interval observed during the measurement Fram
145. ta Rate Received bit rate of the Ethernet frames ignoring the frame gap preamble and SAD T the data rate is always less than the line rate in kbps bps etc p Press fon the Action Bar to start a test Where do you want to go next Ping Trace Route Results Ping Test Results IP Test Setup IP Testing Throughput Test Setup RFC2544 Applications Working Desktop Home 118 Advanced IP Features IP Aggregate Results View frame statistics and information on received errors The top line of the results tables shows you the port number and the type of test the statistics are for e g PING or TRACEROUTE e Both the specific count of the error and the average rate at which the error was received may be displayed for each type of error e Frame statistics are shown for both the transmit direction and the receive direction as appropriate e For both the Transmit and Receive directions view the Total number of frames transmitted received and the Current Minimum Maximum and Average Frame Rates as well as the Current Minimum Maximum and Average Data Rate Results are aggregate totals since the beginning of the test for all test streams and live traffic Statistic Details S O Total Frames Number of received transmitted frames Total Bytes Number of received transmitted bytes Frame Rate Transmitted and received frames per second Frame Rate Current Current rate at which frames are being TX and RX at F
146. tacked VLAN Tags or Q in Q Press OK to save your changes and return to the Stream Table Press Cancel to exit the screen without saving changes Where do you want to go next Stream TPID BERT ID Setup Throughput Stream Table Setup Throughput Summary Results Throughput Aggregate Results Tech Ethernet Overview Home 51 RxT 10GE User s Manual Stream Payload Setup Home Press Payload on the Stream Table to configure the test payload elements See Auto Fill to configure multiple streams To configure the Payload for the next or previous use the ___ at the bottom of the screen Parameter __ Options Details S O Sunrise Tag None SN TS STAG Enable useful ee a Read the notes ee a or not Tag SN TS On Off Sequence Number Time Stamp select for compatibility with STT Ethernet The SN TS tags include a sequence number and a time stamp enable both of these fields on the XTT Ethernet Tag STAG On Off Sequence Number Time Stamp Sunrise Tag 5 bytes Reserved Select for maximum usefulness of proprietary tagging Invert On a The selected test pattern will be eae ee inverted Pattern Type 2431 2 31C 2 23 Select a test pattern to perform 2423C 2420 2 15 a BERT with 1111 1010 0000 Not all patterns are available User32 User 1024 for all configurations User Pattern Enter the four byte test pattern Data 32 in hexadecimal format with the number pad e Edit each line directl
147. tency of each frame is measured Set Standard or Quick Latency in the Test Sequence area on the setup window C acne coasted Determine for how long each frame size will be transmitted Rate NE Test Rate Step Size Each step increases or decreases the NE Test traffic rate by the specified amount The NE Test tests the throughput and or latency at different test rates and gives the result for each one N A RFC2544 test 01 100 seconds Determine the amount of time to transmit frames before taking the latency measurement rec 2544 recommends 60 seconds Repetitions 1 5 Determine the number of repetitions taken for averaging rec 2544 recommends 20 repetitions Rate Type THROUGHPUT CUSTOM Use the gadget to enter RFC2544 Use the found the required test rate rate CUSTOM Enter a specific rate Press OK to confirm the changes and close the window Press CANCEL to close the window without savings changes Where do you want to go next Stream Table Setup RFC Applications RFC Summary Results Working Desktop index 105 RxT 10GE User s Manual RFC2544 Summary Results View the overall RFC2544 results including a Status report such as Pass or Fail e NE test results include the throughput status for each frame rate with Pass or Fail result e For Throughput the Pass Fail message is an indication of whether or not any frames were lost during the test This has no bearing on th
148. the best resource for technical information on these technologies and protocols Some RFCs become internet standards through the IETF Internet Engineering Task Force All RFCs are available for free online at the RFC Editor http www rfc editor org rfc html but most can be found easily simply by typing the RFC number such as RFC 791 into a web browser The most common RFCs for Ethernet services testing are RFC 768 User Datagram Protocol RFC 793 Transmission Control Protocol RFC 791 Internet Protocol RFC 792 Internet Control Message Protocol RFC 826 Ethernet Address Resolution Protocol RFC 2544 Benchmarking Methodology for Network Interconnect Devices RFC 2889 Benchmarking Methodology for LAN Switching Devices class uses the label to determine the per hop behavior of the class Metro Ethernet Forum MEF The Metro Ethernet Forum is an industry alliance which develops technical specifications for carrier Ethernet worldwide Over a dozen specifications are online at www metroethernetforum org Where do you want to go next Ethernet Overview Working Desktop index 80 Ethernet Testing Technology Ethernet Frame Size and Efficiency Because each frame is followed by a frame gap and preamble there is an inherent inefficiency built into Ethernet traffic The percentage of bandwidth lost to the 20 bytes of IPG and preamble is lower for larger frames than smaller frames as shown Data size Overhead Frames sec Total bit
149. the display will reset back to the last value entered for those units The following parameters are explained in terms of percentages but would appear as ns or kbps if Percentage was not selected as the Rate Data I nput Details S O Start Enter the bandwidth percentage the RxT 10GE Bandwidth will start transmitting at the beginning of the test Parameter Options Stop Enter the bandwidth percentage where the RxT Bandwidth 10GE will stop ramping After transmitting at this bandwidth e g 100 for the determined Step Duration the unit will continue transmitting frames at this maximum rate Step Duration 1 60 seconds Number of seconds the RxT 10GE will transmit each bandwidth step The time scale on the graph is based on this unit of time Step Enter the bandwidth percentage the unit will Bandwidth increase each step up Repeat When set to On the ramp sequence will repeat until you stop the test left off the ramp sequence will run one time and stop Applies to Rate IPG only Press OK to apply the new settings and close the window 65 RxT 10GE User s Manual Traffic Shape Burst Setup With Burst traffic traffic is transmitted at a variable rate Traffic is transmitted at Burst 1 Bandwidth rate from 0 00 to 100 00 for Burst 1 Duration seconds then at Burst 2 Bandwidth rate from 0 00 to 100 00 for Burst 2 Duration seconds Gigabit Ethernet has a minimum burst of 0 01 This sequence is repe
150. the module straight up and out Place a module into the chassis straight down gently pressing it into place External Storage If you are using an external form of storage on the RxT USB drive and have written files to the external volume you must cleanly dismount the volume from the computer before removing it or the files may not be written safely to the external storage volume Use a desktop icon to safely remove hardware eject the USB drive Where do you want to go next Unpacking Details Meas Setup Configure measurement parameters Working Desktop index 11 RxT 10GE User s Manual RxT 10GE System Overview Graphic mwaha DASE acer eae Panes th rme fem Back Callers LEDS Spaske FRE EE mm GES Wir Higi Capen Uio Battery Care 2 soreness can back Notes rower sate iso ston Green 0n Groce Full charge Crakk fross concer ove Sreage Garang Lang gress hard restart Rad Change hye chege me SE My needed Or ONT feat rer TU Aug in comer charging RxT Front Overview Where do you want to go next Unpacking Details Hardware Notes Working Desktop Sunrise Telecom Transceiver Part Numbers STT 3822 STT 3823 STT 3824 STT 3801 SA580 850 SA580 1310 SA580 1550 SSMTT 28 FXM SSMTT 28 FXS Where do you want to go next Hardware Notes Unpacking Details index Working Desktop 12 RxT System Battery The battery charge status is represented by an icon in the Status Bar
151. to exit the secondary application See http www wireshark org docs for help using the Wire Shark application View Results Feature Buttons Highlight a file then choose an action to perform on it Open a saved file to review it Delete the highlighted profile or saved file Rename Rename the highlighted file using the soft keyboard which appears Copy Save a copy of the file under a new name edit with the soft keyboard which appear E A few characters such as are not allowed in file names Compress File Reduce the file size lt details gt Generate a Retrieve and load an exported profile or Export save the file to Report an external location an SD Card or USB Flash Drive Export Export save the file to an external USB Flash Drive Where do you want to go next Throughput Test Setup RFC2544 Test Setup Loopback Test Setup IP Testing index 29 RxT 10GE User s Manual Viewing Test Record Highlight a record on the View Test Records screen then press View to open it in the left column view a synopsis of the configuration of each port Highlight an element and it will open up in the right column showing all related information something about results eventually View Test Records Captures For each saved Captured packets file get a snapshot of captured packets stored in memory In the top frame view e the File Name Time the packet was captured the Source IP address the D
152. ttery packs shall only be used with the Sunrise Telecom product for which they were intended to be used Follow the product s low battery indication and warnings Do not over discharge a Li Ion battery pack If the voltage does drop below specifications and you can get your battery to take a charge it may not give its full capacity and deterioration in performance will occur This will invalidate all warranty claims e Do not discharge the battery pack using any device except for the specified test set it came with The test set constantly monitors and controls the discharge rate to keep it within specifications If used in devices aside from the specified devices it may damage the performance of the battery pack reduce its life expectancy and if such device causes an abnormal current flow it may cause the battery to become hot rupture or ignite and could cause serious injuries e The temperature range over which the battery can be discharged is 10 C to 60 C Use of batteries at temperatures outside this range may damage the performance of the battery pack or may reduce its life expectancy e To avoid short circuits make sure the battery pack s contacts are not exposed when transported outside the intended device e g spares e Every deep discharge cycle decreases their capacity Battery life will be extended by proper storage and by charging the pack at least once per year to prevent over discharge Battery Pack Disposal e Al
153. tus Statistics status TX Utilization Transmitted bandwidth as a percentage of maximum traffic rate minimum frame gap TX Line Rate Transmitted bit rate in kbps bps etc of the Ethernet frames ignoring the frame gap preamble and SAD The data rate is always less than the line rate TX Data Rate Transmit data rate in kbps bps etc This includes the frame headers but not the IPG or Preamble Thus the data rate reflects both the frame rate and frame size TX Frame Rate Transmit frame rate in kbps bps etc RX Utilization Received bandwidth as a percentage of maximum traffic rate minimum frame gap RX Line Rate Received bit rate based on the current utilization in kbps bps etc RX Data Rate Received bit rate of the Ethernet frames ignoring the frame gap preamble and SAD The data rate is always less than the line rate in kbps bps etc RX Frame Rate Received frame rate in kbps bps etc Capture Status Status of packet capturing Capture Packets Count of captured packets 4 You may observer that sometimes the RxT is receiving more then you are transmitting A small margin of error is built into the system and is totally normal Signal The signal information vendor wavelength optical power etc is provided by the SFP XFP module Not all manufacturers supply this information and Sunrise Telecom Inc is not responsible for modules provided by other vendors 63 RxT 10GE User s Manu
154. ure provides a unified data carrying service simple routing for both circuit based clients and packet switching clients providing a datagram service model e It allows voice IP ATM Frame Relay and Ethernet services all to be carried on the same network e Itcan be used with many types of framing including Ethernet e The Layer 3 label analysis is only just once when the packet enters the MPLS domain After that labels are just inspected to continue packet forwarding Packet ata laye S _ NE tayer data layer ei network laye MPLS Label exe s Tm 4bytes 20 bits 3 bits 1 bit 8 bits Label Unstructured label value 20 bus Exp Experimental use 3 bits used for Class of Service CoS 5 Bottom of Stack 1 bit TTL Time To Live 8 bits MPLS is scenetirnes called a Layer 2 5 protocol due to its position and use MPLS Structure The MPLS header contains a stack of one or more labels A label has four fields e 20 bit label value e 3 bit field for CoS priority experimental e 1 bit bottom of stack flag If used it signifies the current label is the last in the stack e 8 bit TTL time to live field The Time to Live label will expire at the conclusion of this number of time to live hops 92 Ethernet Testing e The Experimental field can be used to distinguish classes of service or per hop behavior for differing classes of traffic traveling within the MPLS tunnel AKA Label Switched Path LSP
155. us Jitter Test Pattern is used for jitter measurements It is intended to expose a receiver s CDR Clock and Data Recovery circuit to large instantaneous phase jumps The pattern alternates repeating low transition density patterns with repeating high transition density patterns CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check CRPAT Continuous Random Test Pattern is intended to provide broad spectral content and minimal peaking that can be used for the measurement of jitter at either a component or system level 133 RxT 10GE User s Manual D DEC Decrease DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol a network application protocol used by devices DHCP clients to obtain configuration information for operation in an Internet Protocol network DNS Domain Name System Internet system to translate names into IP addresses DSCP Differentiated Services Code Point DUT Device Under Test F FTP File Transfer Protocol network protocol used to transfer data from one computer to another through a network Internet G GigE Gigabit Ethernet GUI Graphic User Interface H H 323 H 323 is an umbrella Recommendation from the ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector ITU T that defines the protocols to provide audio visual communication sessions on any packet network INC Increase IP Internet Protocol IPG Inter Packet Gap The gap of time between the end of one frame and the start of the preamble for the next frame is also called the int
156. ut its historical development has also lead to deviations such as the DIX Ethernet also known as Ethernet II as well as vendor specific implementations such as LOOOBASE LH for long haul Ethernet Except where noted the following refers to IEEE standards IEEE Standards The following 802 standards are available for free download from the IEEE website at http standards ieee org getieee802 index html e IEEE 802 Overview amp Architecture IEEE 802 1 Bridging amp Management IEEE 802 2 Logical Link Control IEEE 802 3 CSMA CD Access Method IEEE 802 5 Token Ring Access Method IEEE 802 11 Wireless IEEE 802 15 Wireless Personal Area Networks IEEE 802 16 Broadband Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks 79 RxT 10GE User s Manual e IEEE 802 17 Resilient Packet Rings IEEE Registration Authority has a number of public listings available at http standards ieee org regauth publiclistings html e OUI Organizationally Unique Identifier Public Listing IAB Individual Address Block Public Listing OUI 36 Public Listing EtherType Field Public Listing Manufacturer ID Public Listing LLC Logical Link Control Public Listing Standard Group MAC Address Public Listing URN Unique Registration Numbers Public Listing IEEE 802 16 Operator ID Requests for Comments RFC Documents RFC documents are a series of memoranda on internet technologies techniques and innovations Organized through the Internet Society RFCs are
157. vanced IP Features tse feo nites e tad iat ds ag ae ee da ee ws 109 IP Advanced Test Profile cissasc deveisaseet eres evohertesiangnietessacaenees ees kier Eaa egdi 109 IP Advanced Test Ping Setupiiiccvcsiiscsercnwer ices taiiga a a NANET yee tanec 110 Ping RESUS seve or aed tere ne advan tines See arate A E A hee kc A evan dee tem eaten eels 111 ECHO RESUItSi si esccszeecs resi adds aanta wean tes ctinenas seaehsbate Reet adobe e det tavenaetesssidewaesds 111 IP Adv Test Traceroute S CtuUp cccccccctee teense eee eee eee ene eene eee e eee teen nee nee nae ees 112 Trace Route Results ronie et e a Scanned eaa case en eee orl eda eee 113 TP VLAN SeCtup vicsccccntardratdededs veeensbons bh ie sb beh EAA ONEA ged edee stint RATELE ees 113 IP Advanced Test FTP S tup ccccccccsseeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeetaetnaentanneaeeags 114 PIP Web RESUIES anir dennan A ea aa aie OO aed oe aa ae eos 115 IP Advanced HTTP Setupicisscsaccccctseciis det steed steer arivna ced eRe EE aaa e aa E op AN 116 ATIP SeU a EE EEEE E teas T E ARATE OTE AOON 116 HTTP Web RESUIES ninenin a AA A a via a Sete aA E aN AAA aos 117 IP SUMMAary Results HOME sissivastarinta iaa edis 118 IP Aggregate RESUItS riiin iii eie ani iana ua Ean ETNA ONENEAN AAAA 119 Loopback Testihgarsi Ae a nd Reed AE nek ea A tee tre AT AA Aa 123 L o pback Diara Missers etninei eiee Aa a ss aaa EISA 123 Loopback Test Profiles serialai ei iaiaeiaeiaa aA AETA ENEE EEE A NEALE 123 Lo
158. vice Parameters Statistic Options Details ee O Z O O O i y OO RFC1349 Number Pad TOS Value Enter the type of service e Leave itat 0 if you are unsure of what to select e See RFC 1349 and RFC 2474 for technical details o DSCP Bits 0 5 Enter the RFC 2474 DSCP bits Currently Unused 0 1 for two bits Enter the two bits Reserved Press OK to save your changes and return to the Stream Table Press Cancel to exit the screen without saving changes Where do you want to go next Throughput Stream Table Setup Throughput Summary Results Tech IP Overview Working Desktop Index 49 RxT 10GE User s Manual Stream MPLS Setup Activate MPLS MPLS 1 is set on For MPLS 2 and MPLS 3 the labels toggle from Off to On To configure MPLS for the next or previous use at the bottom of the screen MPLS Type Unicast Select the frame type Multicast For each label selected set the following Parameter Options Details o Up to seven Enter the next hop label digits Exp Up to seven Enter the Experimental label digits One digit Enter the end of stack label Time to Live 0 255 hops The Time Time to Live label expires at the conclusion of this number of hops MPLS Label Parameters See Auto Fill to configure multiple streams Enable the MultiProtocol Label Switching architecture by pressing MPLS to On on the Stream Table Frame Setup tab See Technology MPLS for details on the paramete
159. ways follow local regulations for the disposal of Li Ion battery packs and electronics e Do not trash battery packs in the garbage can they shall be recycled properly e Before disposing the battery pack or cells insulate any exposed terminals with adhesive tape or similar material to prevent short circuits Where do you want to go next Meas Setup Configure measurement parameters Working Desktop Hardware Notes index 16 RxT System Handling Optical Fiber In general handle fiber patch cords and connectors carefully Always replace dust covers Keep the optical connectors clean and make a practice of not looking into fiber ends An optical fiber is a strand of glass about the same diameter as a human hair Though it is remarkably durable careful handling is required to ensure continued high performance and long life e Do not pull or kink patch cords as the glass strand in the middle might become damaged or broken e A sharp bend will cause excessive signal loss e Keep patch cord bend radiuses no less than an inch e Use specialized optical cable raceways and plenums whenever they are available e Don t use tie wraps as you would with electrical cables Tie wraps will put strain on the fiber The next figure shows the proper method of wrapping and securing fiber patch cords There are several types of optical connectors in use today This figure shows the two most popular for Ethernet SC and LC il SC LC
160. xT 10GE Bandwidth will start transmitting at the beginning of the test Stop Enter the bandwidth percentage where the RxT Bandwidth 10GE will stop ramping After transmitting at this bandwidth e g 100 for the determined Step Duration the unit will continue transmitting frames at this maximum rate Step Duration 1 60 seconds Number of seconds the RxT 10GE will transmit each bandwidth step The time scale on the graph is based on this unit of time Step Enter the bandwidth percentage the unit will Bandwidth increase each step up 56 Ethernet Testing Repeat When set to On the ramp sequence will repeat until you stop the test left off the ramp sequence will run one time and stop Applies to Rate IPG only Press OK to apply the new settings and close the window Where do you want to go next Throughput Stream Table Setup Throughput Applications Throughput Summary Results Throughput Aggregate Results Throughput Stream Results Throughput Test Setup index Traffic Shape Burst Setup With Burst traffic traffic is transmitted at a variable rate Traffic is transmitted at Burst 1 Bandwidth rate from 0 00 to 100 00 for Burst 1 Duration seconds then at Burst 2 Bandwidth rate from 0 00 to 100 00 for Burst 2 Duration seconds Gigabit Ethernet has a minimum burst of 0 01 This sequence is repeated for the duration of the test To configure Traffic Shape for the next or previous stream use the a
161. y e Use the Next Previous Patterns button to access the next screen of patterns User Tap a Pattern Data field then 1024 Pattern use the pop up to enter the Setup pattern Repeat as required Apply to All button Apply the Tag Type and Pattern selections to all of the streams in the table in a multiple stream setup Press OK to apply the new settings and close the window Where do you want to go next Throughput Stream Table Setup Throughput Summary Results Throughput Aggregate Results Throughput Stream Results Home 52 Ethernet Testing Stream TCP Setup Use the TCP tab to configure the TCP ports and header after selecting UDP as part of the Frame Setup on the Stream Table See Auto Fill to configure multiple streams To configure TCP for the next or previous use at the bottom of the screen Selecting TCP puts a TCP header into the IP packet datagram but does not establish a true TCP connection with the far end This static TCP is useful for entering a proper TCP port value to pass traffic through firewalls and similar security features on a router but does not test a live TCP connection Port Setup Parameter Options Ss Details S Source Port 1 65 535 Enter the port address using the pop up Sewcerok ESS numbers ere number pad Header Setup Number Ack 0x0 OxFFFFFFFFF Expected next sequence number sent by Number receiver Data 0000 11111 Size of TCP header also o
162. y begin the test measurements Start Time Specify the Hour Minute and Seconds to begin measurements Start Date Enter the Year Month and Day to begin measurements Stop Mode CONTINUOUS Test will run indefinitely until you press Stop TI MED Test runs for the specified Hours and Minutes Test Hours Minutes Enter the number of Hours and Minutes you want the test to run for in those fields RxT System Select the method to begin your test measurements Start Mode PROGRAM Start Mode PROGRAM On the pop up calendar use the arrows to scroll to the month you want then tap the specific date Set the mode in which measurements will be taken Stop Mode TIMED Set the length of time a timed test will run once you press Start Parameter Options Joem O O Save Mode Auto Save Results are saved automatically when the test is stopped A file name will be assigned automatically Never Save Results are not saved Manual Save Results are saved when the test is stopped A dialog box will appear for you to input a filename in Start TX On The transmitter and Coupled measurement begin at the same time Select the method to save your test measurements e Test results are saved automatically at the end of a test unless you have chosen otherwise When Save Mode is set to Manual when a test has concluded a window will pop up asking if you would like to save the measurem

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