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WFG600 manual - FLC Electronics AB

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1. FLE ELECTRONICS AB WWW FLCE SE MULTICHANNEL HIGH VOLTAGE WAVEFORM GENERATOR m S y Model WFG600 USER MANUAL REVISION FEBRUARY 2010 FLC Electronics AB Tel 46 31 741 2631 VAT No SE556506606401 Sippedalsv gen 8 Fax 43 31 741 2630 Email flce flce se S 433 31 Partille Sweden Fax 46 31 340 1848 Web http flce se Contents 1 Introduction Manufacturer s Information 1 1 Technical Data 1 1 Operating modes 1 1 Outputs 1 2 Inputs 1 2 Timing 1 2 Amplitude 1 2 Interface 1 2 Power supply 1 2 Case 1 2 Computer 1 2 Warranty 1 3 Quick Start 1 4 Troubleshooting 1 5 Front Panel Connections 1 7 Controller module 1 7 External trigger 1 7 External clock 1 7 Forward Reverse 1 7 Hold 1 7 Timer module 1 8 Output channels 1 9 Summing module 1 10 Two channel WFG500 1 11 Circuit Description 1 12 Introduction 1 12 General Concept 1 13 Controller Module 1 13 Timer 1 14 Data Memories 1 14 Digital to Analog Conversion 1 15 Programmable Logic Design 1 16 Options 1 16 The Software 1 16 Overview 1 16 2 Tutorial Window layout 2 1 Drawing pulses 2 1 FLC Electronics AB Sweden Using WFG600 1 Using couplings between pulses 2 8 3 The Menus File 3 1 New 3 1 Open 3 1 Import 3 1 Export 3 1 Save 3 1 Save as 3 1 Edit Print setup 3 1 Print 3 1 Preferences 3 2 Quit 3 2 3 2 Undo 3 2 Cut 3 2 Copy 3 2 Paste
2. FLC Electronics Sweden 1 18 Using WFG600 TUTORIAL All examples shown in this chapter are taken from the Macintosh software revision 4 The WFG600 software for Windows looks and behaves in a very similar way Differences are indicated in the context In general the keyboard shortcuts described as command key correspond to control key in Windows WINDOW LAYOUT Start the program by double clicking on its Icon The program window has areas dedicated for different things The important ones at this time are shown in the drawing below File Edit View Goto Waveform Pulse Timing Coupling Output 7 LCD WAVEFORM GENERATOR u Here you make 0 selection Send all Maximum M Here you draw amplitudes pulses and change Displayed waveforms e Here you control the timing Remember that you change the pulse amplitude in the A or B pane and its width by dragging the marker on the time axis In the upper superposition pane you can only make a selection which can be used for copy paste duplicate etc commands Parameters of the first pulse in the selection are always shown in the bottom right corner of the window DRAWING PULSES RR RR RR OR d d Lets start from an empty screen like the one you see just after starting the Waveform Generator program if you have already started to draw use FILE gt NEW to clean
3. ara E STR offset V Base Period ms 1000 0 Base Frequency Hz gt L1 rj F1 F1 F1 E E F1 E F3 F1 E F1 F1 E F1 E F1 F1 E F1 F1 F1 E F1 E F1 E F1 E F1 ED COMPATIBILITY AND PLATFORM ISSUES EE HON HB B HB BON BOB BOB B BOB RE BR HB BH E RE RB BOW RR d d The toolbox is composed for use with LabVIEW version 6 0 2 or later both on Windows and Macintosh platforms In order to take advantage of all the toolbox VIs you also need the core driver you can install them together as one package The VIs in the toolbox are backward compatible with the previous release however those VIs that no longer serve any purpose or whose functionality has been taken over by the core driver have been removed The following were removed as they are no longer necessary e FLCWEFG Build Timing String vi e FLCWFG Build Waveform String vi e FLCWFG End Data Transfer vi e FLCWFG Log Global vi e FLCWFG T Data To Word vi FLC Electronics AB Sweden Using WFG600 7 1 7 LABVIEW TOOLBOX LIBRARY Installation of the driver package FLCWFG V Data To Word vi FLCWFG Wirite amp Read vi e FLCWFG Write To Log vi e FLCWFG PREF U llb The functions of the following VIs are available in the core driver FLCWFG Burst and Invert All vi LCWFG500 Configure Clock vi e FLCWFG Clock Setup vi LCWFG500 Configure Clock
4. ErrCode receive 3 bytes C 2 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL Commands containing data COMMANDS CONTAINING DATA Download all at STOP Tx Data Size Description ee AAA AAA AAA AAA RR RR RR REGI L byte ASCII character L E byte repeated select byte designated channels 1 at bit position selects the channel select byte repeated bO channell b7 channel8 all 0 timing count word number of data words to follow HiAddr count 1 data word data word words undefined length at least 8 bytes Download one by one timing and all waveforms and then send F command Download waveform s at RUN Tx Data Size Description byte W byte select byte designated channels 1 at bit position selects the channel select byte bO channell b7 channel8 all 0 timing count word number of data words to follow HiAddr count 1 data word data word cas words undefined length at least 8 bytes Download one by one timing and all waveforms and then send F command For large number of data to be sent gt 24k stop the generator first download and restart http www flce se Using WFG600 C 3 Send one data value COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL Commands containing data Tx Data D D select select address Size Description E EH l EH E E E E E EON BON E E E BE BH E E E E
5. B OU B B do UH HH RR RR RR RH d d Creating modular programs such as subvi s is something entirely different from creating a stand alone program such as that delivered with your WFG 500 Extreme care has been taken to make all VIs robust but at the same time execution speed has been an important factor The communication with the waveform generator is based on the VISA system 7 2 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden LABVIEW TOOLBOX LIBRARY Getting started As for handling the data in LabVIEW the best way to represent a waveform is in a two dimensional array In this way one immediately avoids the chance that individual waveforms and timing contain different amounts of data Another important issue is that one should work with the real values that is true times e g microseconds and true voltages A number of VIs are included that perform conversion of the data to and from this format as well as VIs which provide easy tools to handle the data This version of the drivers does not yet support the use of couplings When you import data from a file the couplings will be ignored GETTING STARTED ERE HON BOB B BE R R E BE FE E RE R E RB I E EE BE EBE The first thing is to open the communication channel with the generator that is initialize the LCWFG500 Initialize vi and setting
6. Buen H 44 1 I 36 1 8 0 Dim E PULSE 4 Please notice that the horizontal lines in the coupled pulses have changed their color to red master or blue slaves In practice you do not need to care which pulse is a master and which is a slave with one exception see below If you change an amplitude of a slave it informs its master about this The master calculates its own new amplitude and broadcasts 1t to all its slaves which in turn change their amplitudes according to the programmed equation The only time you need to know which are the masters is when you want to delete some pulses or waveforms If such selection contains a master the computer will protest The solution to your problem is quite simple you just tell another slave to become a master Then the old master will become a slave and you will be able to do whatever you like with it The command is called PROMOTE TO MASTER It is of course a lot of job to make slave pulses one by one Try the following sequence of commands zoom out once select all duplicate copy change to B waveform paste invert selection You should get something like this File Edit View Goto Waveform Pulse Timing Coupling Output 7 J Corser 4258 2 dis waveform 1 441 T 52 8 0 Dim A PULSE 9 Try to change an amplitude of the coupled pulses and observe how they behave You see that the copy paste duplicate comm
7. FLCWFG Waveform Editor vi FLCWFG Waveform Editor vi is a rather elaborate program It allows for selecting pulses on a graph using a mouse If you click a pulse it will be selected and show up red If you click and drag you can select a range of pulses When you hold down shift and then click a pulse you add the just selected pulse to the already existing selection shift click drag adds a range of pulses If you shift click an already selected pulse it will be removed from the selection Clicking left from the voltage axis will deselect all The amplitude and time controls contain the total time of the waveform and the maximum amplitude encountered in it if scale is set to Waveform If you chose selection for scale then the value of the first pulse in the selection will be visible Changing anything in these two controls will immediately scale either the entire waveform or just the selection To the left of the scaling section you find stepper control buttons The individual step sizes are listed to the left of the stepper buttons and can be altered at your convenience An extra option is included to allow for symmetric stepping this is similar to scaling but will reduce or increase the amplitude by the step value If this option is off then the step value is just added or subtracted from the voltage data To find the trigger positions click Show Trigger Points to find c bit positions in the current waveform click Show C bits To set the trig
8. File Edit View Goto Waveform Pulse Timing Coupling Output 7 DC orsser 225 750 mi EN 10 0 mi Bag EH 10 0 7 waveform 1 A 52 Tos B 20 mam 20 units E PULSE 1 Try now INVERT SELECTION command from EDIT menu or press cmd 5 ctrl F5 It will invert amplitudes of all pulses within the selection Go back to A waveform and try INVERT WAVEFORM command cmd 6 ctrl F6 If you wish to insert a pulse before the selection use INSERT PULSE command cmd I or if you need many pulses call N INSERT instead http www flce se Using WFG500 2 5 TUTORIAL 2 Drawing pulses The screen might look now like this File Edit View Goto Waveform Pulse Timing Coupling Output 7 Untitled DC 26 250 20 PULSE 1 The DUPLICATE command cmd D copies the selected pulses and pastes them just after the selection File Edit View Goto Waveform Pulse Timing Coupling Output 7 Ems com HH 10 0 7 waveform 1 A 02 To B 20 Dim i 20 units PULSE 5 So far we have been drawing amplitudes and widths in arbitrary units The scale is as you can see on the screen 100 amplitude unites Thus the superposition is in the range of 200 units The resolution of the screen within A and B pane is 50 pixels So if you drag the amplitude you get only even values Press option key to access the odd values I
9. H B Od byte byte byte designated channels 1 at bit position selects the channel byte bO channell b7 channel8 all 0 timing word defined as offset from memory start as pulse number 2 2 word amplitude or pulse width data Multiple send 1 data value Set software clock C 4 Using WFG600 Tx Data select select address data total length of the command 8 bytes Size Description UH UJ d byte byte byte designated channels 1 at bit position selects the channel byte bO channell b7 channel8 all 0 timing word defined as offset from memory start as pulse number 2 2 word total length of the command 8 bytes Download one by one and then send F command Tx Data Size Description byte byte word total length of the command 4 bytes FLC Electronics AB Sweden COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL Commands containing data Setup Tx Data Size Description BON BH OB HON HB NH NH B BON HO A O BH BH R B E E EB BE R S N BN NH BH E E E A A U byte U byte theClock byte see Setup codes Choice theMode byte see Setup codes total length of the command 4 bytes Delete range of pulses Tx Data Size Description E H NH BH BH NH BH BN NH OR NON E E NON E E FEE NB NH BOB RE E BON B NH BH BN NB E E BH BH HU B dB X byte X byte start word inclusive defined as offset s
10. LCWFG500 VI Tree vi Getting Started Application Example 6500 FG soo Configuration Action Status Data Utility ES Faso fra soc Faa 10 E config 8 zend del El clock run stop data rare Sali Let Err Faso Fasod fwraso ard H status eert Aia request ERROR A a EF e Ea e ag EI E E x 5 i5 x5 o 3 ni o FE gi o Send tre valuez FG 500 FG 500 tre The library of core driver Virtual Instruments with examples The VI Tree displays all the user callable VIs of the instrument driver in an organized table LCWFG500 Application vi Waveform YISA Session dup VISA Session error in error mn error out Application example VI that shows how to use the driver VIs in this library In particular it shows how to request the status and check which channels are available and functioning correctly on your WFG500 generator It creates suitable arrays for producing a continuous signal such as in a frequency generator in addition it creates the array for setting the trigger at the first point of the signal The data will be loaded into the channels that are present Then it configures the clock to 10 MHz with continuous operation and internal triggering LCWFG
11. Pulse count 1 Before Address 17 VISA session dup VISA session error in error error out Using this VI you can insert a range of pulses into the waveforms stored in the generator channels All channels and the timing are affected You chose the before address 1 12287 and the number of pulses Pulse count 1 12287 in the range The address is given as a pulse number where represents the first pulse The pulses are inserted before the specified address LCWFG500 Invert Amplitudes In Range vi LCWFG500 Reset vi Channel 13 Pulse count 1 Start Address 17 VISA session dup VISA session error in error error out With this VI you can invert the amplitudes of a range of pulses stored in the generator In order to specify the range you chose the start address and the number of pulses Pulse count 1 12287 in the range The start address 1 12287 is given as a pulse number where 1 represents the first pulse The range includes the pulse at the start address In addition to the range you have to specify the channel byte this is a number which represents the binary translation of the eight possible channels a will address that channel e g 1 00000001 selects channel 1 only 9 00001001 selects channel 4 and 1 etc If you set the Pulse count to 1 all pulses in the waveform will be inverted VISA session dup VISA session error in error error out This utility VI will execu
12. Drag pulse width 3 9 If this option is enabled default at startup 3 9 If this option is disabled 3 9 Click on time axis Move pulse boundary 3 10 If this option is enabled 3 10 If this option is disabled 3 10 http www fice se Using WFG600 iii Mode Waveform scaling 3 10 Mode One pulse only 3 10 Coupling 3 10 Amplitude Set master 3 10 Amplitude Couple to 3 10 Amplitude Promote to master 3 11 Amplitude Clear coupling 3 11 Amplitude Couple selection 3 11 Amplitude Connect masters 3 11 Amplitude Append selection 3 11 Timing Set master 3 11 Timing Couple to 3 11 Timing Promote to master 3 12 Timing Clear coupling 3 12 Timing Couple selection 3 12 Timing Connect masters 3 12 Timing Append selection 3 12 Rename master 3 12 Remove master 3 12 Clear all couplings 3 12 Matrix 3 12 Out Build addressing scheme 3 12 Send all tables 3 13 Set matrix mode 3 13 Choose frame from data file 3 13 Reset generator 3 13 3 13 Configure channels 3 13 Disconnect 3 14 Run 3 14 Stop 3 14 Send all 3 14 Update now 3 14 Auto update 3 14 Manual update 3 14 Continuous mode 3 14 Continuous amp frame cnt 3 14 Burst mode 3 15 Burst and invert 3 15 Burst N frames 3 15 Script Roll 3 15 Matrix mode 3 15 Computer in control 3 15 External triggering 3 15 Special Force reset 3 15 Special Firmware revision 3 15 iv
13. odd k even frames Reapeat background sub frame EA times 40 0 BUILD OPTIONS B length 384 23 control windows Cs Cancel 0 read from file 40 0 TIME AAA AA EX B waveform 1 waveform 2 waveform 7 THE CWS FILE Run Stop Send All Auto 50 00 offset 0 00 40 00 offset 0 00 1234 waveform 1 h 5678 waveform 7 of pulses 54 selection 5 60 1131 2 us DCcontent 4 625 V 4 12 0 vats B 22 2 ws 11 11 20 2 E 4 200 1 16 od You also have to prepare at least one tabulated text file spreadsheet file with frame data describing which data sequences should be applied at each consecutive frame for example ROLLING 11 segs in 8 CWs sequence starts CW number 3 8 3 123 45 67 8 123 45 67 8 123 45 67 8 123 45 67 8 http www fice se Using WFG600 4 3 MATRIX Run Matrix mode 3 4 5 67 8 9 10 3 4 5 67 8 9 10 3 4 5 67 8 9 10 3 4 5 67 8 9 10 Any line starting with 1s treated as a comment and ignored First data line 8 TAB 3 CR 8 tabulator 3 carriage return tells that the active part of column waveforms spans over 8 CWs and starts in CW number 3 The following groups of 4 lines holding 8 numbers each describe which data sequences are to be inserted into respective column waveforms first line corresponds to Columnl etc The numbers ref
14. As of LabVIEW version 6 National Instruments has introduced a new data type called VISA Resource Name which replaces the VISA descriptor strings When you insert such a control into a subvi you can directly select the eligible port for communication The figure below shows a call chain for initalizing sending and closing Full Data Resource For running and stopping the waveforms one just calls the subvi s LWFG500 Run vi and LCWG500 Stop vi respectively Setting the clock is usually done during the download action when the VI decides from the time unit which clock should be set You can change all the clock settings using the VI LCWFG500 Configure Clock vi located in the core driver As a default the run mode is set to continuous and internal triggering using the configure clock VI one can change the triggering or run mode http www fice se Using WFG600 7 5 LABVIEW TOOLBOX LIBRARY pplication examples APPLICATION EXAMPLES FLCWFG Waveform Player vi FLCWFG Waveform Player vi is a program that enables you to open a file created with a normal WFG500 program Mac or PC send it to the generator run it and rescale timing and waveform amplitudes FLCWFG Waveform Player vi File Edit Operate Project Windows Help FLCWFG Waveforms 50 0 40 0 30 0 20 0 10 0 0 0 10 0 20 0 30 0 40 0 Scale Waveforms 50 0 D E 1 0E 0 2 0 0 3 0E 0
15. amp Insert it immediately after the selected sequence Perform INSERT DUPLICATE command N times You will be prompted for the value of N ctrl D Copy the selected sequence of the pulses from the active waveform e Paste it immediately after the selected sequence Perform DUPLICATE command N times You will be prompted for the value of N ctrl F5 Invert all pulse amplitudes within the current selection in the active waveform If anyone of the pulses is coupled cf COUPLING menu its coupling parameters will be adjusted accordingly Invert all pulse amplitudes in the active waveform If anyone of the pulses is coupled cf COUPLING menu its coupling parameters will be adjusted accordingly Invert all pulse amplitudes within the copy If anyone of the pulses is coupled cf COUPLING menu its coupling parameters will be adjusted accordingly Revert the order of pulses in the copy the last pulse becomes the first and the first becomes the last one and so on http www fice se Using WFG600 3 3 THE MENUS lew Scale selection Reduce enlarge the amplitudes of selected pulses in the active waveform by a factor set in percent Coupled pulses within the selection will have their coupling factors changed to reflect the scaling Roll selection ctrl alt shift left right arrow Roll marked selection in the active waveform to the left or right Only the amplitudes will be shifted the timing
16. duplicated in the usual way They may also be inverted mirrored or rolled The last editing operation can be undone The commands affect the selected pulse or waveform In the example presented waveform A is active which is marked by a frame around the letter The pulse selection is visualized by a thick red line on Mac by an animated marching ants pattern Parameters of the selected waveform step are displayed in the bottom right part of the screen The units are selectable via pop up menus volts respective ys or 100 arbitrary units The maximum amplitude controls for respective waveform are drawn above the waveform names Clicking with the mouse an up or down arrow makes an expected change while clicking on the value allows for the keyboard entry The timing may be changed in a similar way The DC content in the effective driving signal is continuously monitored 1 16 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden INTRODUCTION The Software The waveforms may be joined as column row or arbitrary groups called in the program as C R X Y and Z groups respectively Adjusting the maximum amplitude of a waveform assigned to a group results in the corresponding adjustment in the remaining waveforms It is thus possible to simultaneously change the amplitude of all column waveforms Three buttons for communication with the generator Run Stop and Send all are placed in upper right corner o
17. for example shorting to ground will immediately reverse the direction of the waveform scanning Provide a clean debounced signal New in WFG600 Hold A LOW level at this input will hold the current amplitudes at all outputs until released New in WFG600 http www fice se Using WFG600 1 7 1 INTRODUCTION Front Panel Connections Timer module LED controller activity 5V power supply output for external devices moderate load lt 1A OUTPUT oscilloscope trigger 1 8 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden Output channels LED controller activity WAVEFORM OUTPUT High Voltage two BNC contacts Internally connected INTRODUCTION Front Panel Connections TTL OUT Control Bit NOTE The channels are numbered from LEFT to RIGHT http www flce se Using WFG600 1 9 1 INTRODUCTION Front Panel Connections Summing module INVERTING INPUT 100V NON INVERTING INPUT 100V WAVEFORM DIFFERENCE OUTPUT 10V for oscilloscope 1 10 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden INTRODUCTION Front Panel Connections Two channel WFG500 WAVEFORM GENERATOR 4 p H X CLK In the 2 channel model of WFG500 the channels are intentionally numbered 1 and 5 instead of more natural 1 and 2 This is done to make possible the use of the functionality provided by the MATRIX menu where channels 1 4 and 5 8 are treated in different way h
18. menu units KEYBOARD Key Modifier Action POP PPP space set remove trigger point Up down arrow changes the waveform selection A or B Left right arrow move pulse selection left and right Left right arrow Option move trigger point Left right arrow Control jump with trigger between marked pulses Left right arrow Command Scroll to first last pulse Left right arrow Control Option roll waveform invokes a dialog only when used for the first time Left right arrow Shift Control Option roll selection invokes a dialog only when used for the first time B 2 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL Status Short status The serial communication between a computer and the Waveform Generator WFG600 is based on specially designed protocol and does not use hardware nor XON XOFF handshake WFG600 always echoes all characters it receives and appends an Error Code 1 byte noErrror 0 at the end of its transmission The only exceptions are status request e short status request Q command e RESET command The commands are ASCII characters repeated twice to avoid misunderstanding All other data is transmitted in the binary form This Appendix lists the basic set of commands that is supported in all versions of hardware and software Please contact FLC Electronics AB flce flce se for the list of additional commands and compressed data transfer protocols included in the revisio
19. theClockChoice Hex value E E B E NH E NH BN HH E E E E ER HN BH NE OU BG codeEclock 0x60 codeE2clock 0x20 codeSoft 0x40 codeExt 0x00 Meaning E H H E E NH NH NH ON NH ON BH ON BON BH ON BON B NON NON BN dg serial i f flags bits 1 3 data or command Meaning HON NH E BH OU A all bits must be O STOP command received finishing the waveform one memory bank has been updated and WFG is waiting for the end of waveform to swap the memory banks and gain access to the other memory bank the single burst mode is selected external triggering selected ready to run current communication not completed Meaning E BH BH NH NH ON BON NH ONU burst continuous mode enable external triggering Meaning E B B HS HON HON B JG g 10 MHz internal clock 1 MHz internal clock software controlled internal clock slow external clock FLC Electronics AB Sweden FLC Electronics AB Sweden Using WFG600 D 1 D 2 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden NOTES http www flce se Using WFG600 D 3 D 4 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden NOTES http www flce se Using WFG600 D 5 D 6 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden
20. BOB BE R E BOB BH B BOB BOB RER E RE R HON B B BE BE HE BHH HO UH UH Bd dB dg Once you have composed a full data cluster ready to send you use FLCWFG Download Wavefroms vi to get them into the generator Everything will be taken care of to get all information into the generator including timing An important part of the information is the assignment of the channels to which each waveform should be written This is an array of integer elements of a size equal to the amount of waveforms The integer itself is a translation of the bit pattern to a number This means that you add powers of two to control the channels FLC Electronics AB Sweden Call chain for sending data LABVIEW TOOLBOX LIBRARY Loading waveforms into the generator e 2 binary 00000010 means channel 2 e 3 binary 00000011 means channel 1 and 2 e 4 binary 00000100 means only channel 3 etc A lot can happen when you handle data and related information therefore one should be careful when making changes A dedicated VI is included to perform a standard check of the waveform cluster FLCWFG Check Waveforms vi will also warn you when actions have been taken to correct errors or will prompt you for setting the channel data If you already feel more comfortable take a look at the vi LCWFG500 Send Data vi which provides even more possibilities The vi FLCWFG Download Waveforms vi is based on this core driver vi
21. E BE FE O E O NS NH ON ER E E EBE B E BE BE HO B BE E E A Bd I byte byte byte designated waveform one at a time only byte designation of timing not allowed word inclusive defined as offset see D cmd word 1 means all pulse count C 6 Using WFG600 total length of the command 8 bytes FLC Electronics AB Sweden Status record COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL Status state and error codes STATUS STATE AND ERROR CODES The status record contains 10 bytes Byte 1 b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 Byte 2 b0 b5 b6 b7 Byte Byte 3 Byte 4 Byte 5 6 Byte 7 Byte 8 Byte 9 b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 b6 b7 Variable Meaning A XCLK monitors the external clock XTRG monitors external start stop signal START control signal as placed by the microprocessor MEM swap control 0 CPU accesses RAM and scanning counter lt gt 2 as placed by the microprocessor RST extended reset signal as placed by the microprocessor XI external internal time base clock choice see below FS external internal time base clock choice see below SOFTCK software generated time base output Variable Meaning not implemented CLEAR monitors the real state of RUN STOP 0 running 1 stopped SWAP monitors which RAM is being scanned for output cf MEM bit above Content Description E EH EH E NH HON B ONU NS AAA S BOB B NH dH Card Mask bit
22. Electronics AB Sweden Using WFG600 1 1 Outputs Inputs Timing Amplitude Interface Power supply Case Computer 1 2 Using WFG600 INTRODUCTION Technical Data high voltage outputs of generated waveforms two BNC contacts on each channel pulse attached control bit TTL level each channel oscilloscope trigger pulse TTL level multiple trigger points possible low voltage superposition of two channels external clock internally divided by 2 external trigger active high e waveform direction halt waveform resolution clocks pulse width max output impedance load slew rate resolution accuracy max 12287 pulses of 2 32767 clock units wide each i e 15 bits resolution every pulse may have different width 20 MHz crystal controlled 1 time unit 50 ns default 1 MHz crystal controlled 1 time unit 1 ys lt 1kHz software controlled adjustable in multiples of 1 ms external min 200ns with 20 MHz internal clock 100V 185mA lt 0 1 Q resistive capacitive ca 300 at load lt 350pF 12 bits 1 156 50 mV 1LSB or lt 2 of setting limited by settling time Note Settled amplitude is independent on the load within the current limits serial RS232 57600 baud 8bit N 1 either 220 230V or 100 110V factory setting 50 60Hz 160W Schroff CARDPAC 19 3HE 84TE PC Macintosh Software updates Minimum require
23. The waveform will be extended if needed zero amplitude pulses will be appended to all waveforms You can override existing amplitude and or timing information according to settings in Preferences dialog Click on a corresponding check box You can make your choices permanent by checking Remember and do not ask again You can then access this dialog again using PASTE PREFERENCES item described below Clear Clear the selected sequence of the pulses in the active waveform 1 e set the amplitude of the pulses included in the sequence to zero Select all ctri A Select all pulses In the active waveform Delete ctri DEL PC Delete the selected range of pulses from all waveforms 3 2 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden Insert pulse N Insert pulse Insert Duplicate N insert duplicate Duplicate N duplicate Invert selection Invert waveform Invert copy Mirror the copy THE MENUS Edit ctri l Insert a new pulse before the selected one or the beginning of the selected sequence into all waveforms The pulse amplitude will be zero in all waveforms The width of the inserted pulse will be equal to the width of currently selected pulse Use DELETE to undo Insert a number of new pulse before the selected one or the beginning of the selected sequence into all waveforms see above Use DELETE to undo Copy the selected sequence of the pulses from the active waveform
24. Time Scroll Or igin Scale This vi calculates from a set of inputs such as the mouse pointer position in a picture the origin of the axes system and the scale of the drawn waveform in a picture what the time and the voltage level of the indicated point are inside the waveform FLCWFG Partition Raw Data vi Time Unit us time unit ps partitioned amp unitized data partitioned trigger This vi partitions raw data into a useful form for the FLCWFG 500 It creates slots with unitized timing values based on the time unit in microseconds input This means that the data contains true time values in microseconds The vi evaluates if extra slots need to be inserted to obtain the true time if the waveform is to be downloaded into the generator If a slot would contain 1 unit it is automatically set to two units as this is the minimum requirement If it would contain no unit or set to zero time it is simply erased from the data The timing data is contained in the first row of the data array All other rows represent individual waveforms by their voltage data FLCWFG Pop Up Time Unit vi N Time unit This is a pop up window which queries the user to input a time unit for the software clock It 1s called by FLCWFG File Data Translator vi Note you should normally have no need to use this VI directly as it is called by higher level Vis FLCWFG Scale At Index vi Cata Scale Factor Timing wav
25. default button is drawn with a thicker line and responds to the Enter and Return keys in all dialogs in the Waveform Generator program The default button of the dialog above moves you to the right on the time axis If you are at the last pulse as in the picture above it reads New because 1t will create a new pulse for you Otherwise 1t tells Next as opposed to the Previous button Use TAB or shift TAB to jump between the edit fields The Cancel button which responds also to the Escape key allows you to leave the dialog without making any change this 1s also true for all dialogs in the Waveform Generator program Click on Done button when you are ready If you wonder what the control bit is there is an output marked C BIT on the front panel of each channel if you click on the control bit check box here a logical one level will be generated from that output during this pulse You do not have to type everything by hand There is a number of quite powerful editing commands for your assistance As in nearly all programs there is an Edit menu which has a copy cut paste and duplicate functions Let s try to use these simple commands now And remember the rule you always copy from or paste into the active waveform Let s make a simple exercise Select last 4 pulses in the A waveform point with the mouse on the first of them in the superposition pane press the mouse bu
26. issues 7 1 Installation of the driver package 7 2 Basic idea behind the driver set 7 2 Getting started 7 3 Importing data from files 7 3 Handling waveform data 7 4 Loading waveforms into the generator 7 4 Application examples 7 6 FLCWFG Waveform Player vi 7 6 FLCWFG Frequency Generator vi 7 7 FLCWFG Waveform Editor vi 7 8 Alphabetic index 7 9 FLCWFG Add At Index vi 7 9 FLCWFG Assign Channels vi 7 9 FLCWFG Build Graph Data vi 7 9 FLCWFG Build Picture Data vi 7 10 FLCWFG Clock Pop Up vi 7 10 FLCWFG Download Waveforms vi 7 10 FLCWFG File Data Translator vi 7 10 FLCWFG File Export vi 7 10 FLCWFG File Filter vi 7 11 FLCWFG Find Index by Time vi 7 11 FLCWFG Frequency generator vi 7 11 FLCWFG Make Picture vi 7 11 FLCWFG Mold Data vi 7 11 FLCWFG Mouse Position to VT vi 7 12 FLCWFG Partition Raw Data vi 7 12 FLCWFG Pop Up Time Unit vi 7 12 FLCWFG Scale At Index vi 7 12 FLCWFG Scale Data vi 7 13 FLCWFG Scale Waveforms Pop Up vi 7 13 FLCWFG Set At Index vi 7 13 FLCWFG Unmold Data vi 7 13 FLCWFG Waveform Check vi 7 14 FLCWFG Waveform Editor vi 7 14 FLCWFG Waveform Player vi 7 14 A Windows Shortcuts vi Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden Mouse 1 Keyboard A 2 B Macintosh Shortcuts Mouse 1 Keyboard 2 C Communication Protocol Special commands C l Status 1 Short status 1 Ready for communication C 2 Reset the generator 2 Commands not containing data C 2 Example 2 Commands containing data C 3 Download a
27. named Help in the same directory where the waveform_generator exe file resides It then tries to open file wfg500_m html in this folder If not successful then tries to reach FLC Electronics AB server on internet Check for updates Connects to FLC Electronics AB server on internet About Displays the short information about the program its version copyright claim and the company address 3 16 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden MATRIX The MATRIX menu controls a special mode of operation originally designed to drive a 4x4 Hquid crystal matrix display Channels 1 4 act as data electrodes columns and channels 5 8 act as selection electrodes rows respectively The display is assumed to be a part of a large Imaginary display the size of the display is defined by the length of the waveforms Similar operation can be achieved in a standard mode as well but the matrix mode provides means for altering the displayed image in every frame as well as setting the initial image random or spreadsheet file WAVEFORM LAYOUT DANNA The display addressing waveforms are created automatically by the software from provided building blocks a groups of pulses called here Control Windows CW These have to be drawn in a specific way as described below The A waveform contains all definitions of pulse sequence for columns data sequences Zero voltage pulses may be appended to the end they will be ignored T
28. or type cmd Z The text in the menu changes and always tells you what you can undo which usually is the last editing action A few commands cannot be undone in such an easy way The most dangerous ones will warn you before proceeding Most often you will like to create pulses of equal length You may fix the desired width of all new pulses by using the menu PULSE gt SET NEW PULSE WIDTH or type cmd W You will see a dialog asking you to type the desired integer value If you feel that you need a similar help with drawing the amplitudes use menu VIEW gt SET GRID gt EQUAL STEPS or type cmd Y The default values are 20 in both cases Let s draw some steps File Edit View Goto Waveform Pulse Timing Coupling Output 7 10 0 10 0 7 waveform 1 7 waveform 2 0 PULSE 2 http www flce se Using WFG500 2 3 TUTORIAL 2 Drawing pulses File Edit View Goto Waveform Pulse Timing Coupling Output 7 Send all DCoerser 12 057 PULSE 8 Of course you may prefer just to write the amplitude and length values for each pulse Use menu PULSE gt SET VALUES or type cmd A and the following dialog window will appear File Edit View Goto Waveform Pulse Timing 7 inl Bug EH 1D 0 waveform 1 so units control bit riu H Bua EJ 10 01 Pulse number 8 waveform 2 units k control bit pulse width units 2n units PULSE 8 The
29. the appropriate parameters The layout of a basic program is Shown in the figure below nu una tty A puedes need a True s program loop initialize port and reset generatur 4154 Resource Du TER mu aa AA AA if an error occured execute true issue warning and end program no error then execute false which starts a program loop when you stop the loop program the session on the serial port is closed The error handler contains only serious errors that means those that will endanger the communication Most errors that occur during operation are soft solved and will not interfere with your program that is if you do not specifically want them to change your program flow After you have decided to quit the program you must close the VISA session of the serial port You can control more than one generator from the same LabVIEW program All you have to do is initialize two or more serial ports and separate the operations with them IMPORTING DATA FROM FILES E E BON BOB B BH BOB B OH The VI library contains file filter FLCWFG File which extracts all relevant information from files created with the normal WFG programs on Mac and PC however the current version does not extract the coupling data Most users have no use for all of this inf
30. the first pulse 1 12287 You should take care that all arrays have the same size however in the case that the trigger array contains less elements it will be filled up with extra false no trigger elements If Addresses or Times contains less elements it will become dominant and only those pulses with complete data will be sent starting from the first elements in the arrays LCWFG500 Send Multiple Voltages vi Channels C bits Voltages VISA session Addresses error in error dup VISA session error out This VI allows you to change Voltage values and triggers of the timing data which is already stored in the generator You specify arrays containing addresses voltages 100 100 c bit data and channel data The address is given as a pulse number being the first pulse 1 12287 You should take care that all arrays have the same size however in the case that the C bits array contains less elements it will be filled up with extra false no trigger elements If Addresses Voltages or Channels contains less elements it will become dominant and only those pulses with complete data will be sent starting from the first elements in the arrays A valid element of the Channels array is a number that represents the binary translation of the eight possible channels a true will address that channel e g 4 00000100 selects channel only 192 1 1000000 selects channel 8 and 7 etc Only the selected channels will be af
31. up Point somewhere in the A pane press the mouse button and keep it pressed down You see a vertical line at the click point and the horizontal one between the beginning of the screen and the click point As you move the mouse up and down the line marking the pulse amplitude moves within the maximum levels There is another horizontal line in the upper part of the window showing the superposition of this pulse with the corresponding pulse in the B pane Release the mouse button and the first pulse will be drawn FLC Electronics AB Sweden Using WFG500 2 1 TUTORIAL Drawing pulses File Edit View Goto Waveform Pulse Timing Coupling Output 7 M 52 52 0 Dim tL 109 units PULSE 1 The width of your newly created pulse corresponds to the X coordinate of the click point You may change it by dragging the pulse boundary marker on the time axis as shown in the next figure PC Windows only you may also click with the right mouse button on the pulse amplitude PULSE 1 The broken vertical lines show the pulse width you are changing The solid vertical line which follow the cursor movements denotes the new position of the end of the pulse You cannot move it more left than the beginning of the pulse since a negative time would not make sense The minimum width allowed is 2 units You can move this vertical line almost as far right as you like the screen will auto scroll to make you more space If you reall
32. vi e FLCWFG Close vi LCWFG500 Close vi e FLCWFG Errorcode Interpretation vi LCWFG500 Error Message vi e FLCWFG Initialize vi LCWFG500 Initialize vi e FLCWFG Normal Burst vi LCWFG500 Configure Clock vi e FLCWFG Ready Querry vi LCWFG500 Utility Ready Query vi e FLCWFG Reset vi LCWFG500 Reset vi e FLCWFG Run vi LCWFG500 Run vi e FLCWEG Set Software Clock vi LCWFG500 Configure Clock vi e FLCWEG Status Request vi LCWFG500 Status Request vi FLCWFG Stop vi LCWFG500 Stop vi INSTALLATION OF THE DRIVER PACKAGE 1 First shut down LabVIEW if it is running 2 If you have already installed the core driver remove first all personal Vis that you have added to the folder LCWFG500 and store them in a safe place e g move them to the user library user lib Now delete the folder LCWFG500 3 Proceed by copying or moving the folder LCWFG500 which also contains the folder toolbox to the instrument library instr lib of your copy of LabVIEW 4 fyou so whish you can now move your personal Vis back to the folder FLCWFG500 however we recommend you do not store any personal VIs in the driver folder 5 Once yourestart LabVIEW a menu will be created in the instrument library pallet as well as all submenus 6 Before you start working with the drivers for the first time chose mass compile from the file menu and select the folder you just installed 7 Thats all BASIC IDEA BEHIND THE DRIVER SET
33. 3 2 Clear 3 2 Select all 3 2 Delete 3 2 Insert pulse 3 3 N Insert pulse 3 3 Insert Duplicate 3 3 N insert duplicate 3 3 Duplicate 3 3 N duplicate 3 3 Invert selection 3 3 Invert waveform 3 3 Invert copy 3 3 Mirror the copy 3 3 Scale selection 3 4 Roll selection 3 4 Roll waveform 3 4 Paste preferences 3 4 View 3 4 Pixel 3 4 pixel 3 4 3 4 Mark sequences 3 4 Zoom in 3 5 Zoom 1 1 3 5 Zoom out 3 5 Set grid 3 5 Set grid equal steps 3 5 ii Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden Set grid same as other waveform 3 5 Snap to grid 3 5 Show grid 3 5 Goto 3 5 Start 3 5 Current selection 3 5 Marked selection 3 5 Restore selection 3 6 Pulse nr 3 6 Marked pulse 3 6 Trigger point 3 6 Master pulse 3 6 End 3 6 Waveform 3 6 Add new waveform 3 6 Remove waveform 3 6 Edit name 3 6 Max amplitude 3 6 Group waveforms 3 7 Set amplitude limit 3 7 Functions Ramp 3 7 Functions gt Sine wave 3 7 Functions gt DC waveform 3 7 Duplicate waveform 3 7 Pulse 3 7 Set values 3 7 Mark this pulse 3 8 Unmark pulse 3 8 Define sequence 3 8 Mark selection 3 8 Set new pulse width 3 8 Fixed width 3 8 As hit 3 8 Set control bit 3 8 Timing 3 9 Select time base clock 3 9 Onboard timer speed 3 9 Set trigger point 3 0 Remove all triggers 3 9 Allowed Single trigger point 3 9 Allowed Multiple trigger points 3 9 Click on time axis
34. 40 0 5 0E 0 BDE 7ZUDE 51 20 waveform 1 El 50 00 waveform 2 40 00 Reset original values Cancel Scale 7 6 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden LABVIEW TOOLBOX LIBRARY Application examples FLCWFG Frequency Generator vi FLCWFG Frequency Generator vi is a much more elaborate program It simulates a frequency phase generator using the WFG 500 Before 1t runs 1t checks which channels are available You will see a green indicator above those channels For each channel you can select the desired waveform such as sine triangle square etc and its parameters The frequency 15 set on the Timing panel together with the number of samples you wish to use Keep in mind that larger amounts of samples not only take longer time to generate but also to send As all channels have a common time base the frequency difference between them must be an integral number You can set this using the frequency factor of each channel Next you can control all amplitudes separately as well as the phase and offset The duty cycle control works with the square wave only A trigger point is set at the beginning of the base period The button Propose will give you the best approximation of the desired timing To send the information to the generator click the button Update Should you want to see the data in a graph click Scope on qm i http www fice se Using WFG600 7 7 LABVIEW TOOLBOX LIBRARY pplication examples
35. 5 times 402608129 ms These values are set as general time out when configuring the clock For the external clock a value of 402608129 ms is set corresponding to a 1 kHz or higher clock if a clock lower than 1 kHz is used you should set the time out manually after calling this VI with an attribute node LCWFG500 Delete Range vi Pulse count 1 Start Address 17 VISA session dup VISA session error in error error out Using this VI you can delete a range of pulses from the waveforms stored in the generator channels All channels and the timing are affected In order to specify the range you chose the start address 1 12287 and the number of pulses Pulse count 1 12287 in the range The start address is given as a pulse number where represents the first pulse The range includes the pulse at the start address LCWFG500 Error Message vi YISA session dup VISA session Error Code 0 41 Error Message empty Ja error out error in no error This VI will report if an error is set in the error cluster It contain all possible error byte codes that generate a warning the error code for the error Ready query failed and the warning code for Generator not ready to accept run In all cases of a warning the communication with the generator has not been endangered Only errors coming from VISA operations and the Ready query failed error will disable communication with the generator Use this VI especia
36. 500 Close vi VISA session error in error error out This VI closes the serial port VISA session that was opened using the initialize VI It should always be called when you want to disconnect from the generator This frees the serial port for other applications 6 2 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden LABVIEW CORE DRIVER LIBRARY 500 core library contents LCWFG500 Configure Clock vi Trigger Cinternally Mode continuous Clock type 10 MHz VISA session Software clock 1 ms error in error dup VISA session error out With this VI you can set up the clock All commands for controlling the clock are grouped into this vl to obtain a familiar functionality The clock 15 configured using three choices and an optional control for setting the software clock period The possible clock types are 10 MHz 1 MHz software clock external clock Possible modes are continuous burst burst and invert Possible triggering sources are internally externally In addition if the software clock was chosen also its period will be set otherwise this control will be ignored Valid values for the software clock period are 1 35 ms with 1 ms resolution It also sets the general time out of the VISA session depending on the clock type For the 10 MHz clock the maximum time that can be generated is about 40261 ms for the 1 MHz clock this is about 402608 ms For the software clock this ranges from to 3
37. ED PULSE gt menu to find it again The pulse number is remembered and it does not change if an original pulse changes its position in the waveform Unmark pulse A hierarchical menu to remove a chosen pulse from the list Define sequence ctri F shift click click and drag in the waveform superposition display Define a selection of pulses by typing the pulse numbers in the dialog from to inclusive Mark selection Remember the current selection You may restore it later using GOTO menu You may store multiple selections Set new pulse width ctri W Invokes a dialog to define the width of each new pulse you draw It automatically changes the choice to FIXED WIDTH FIXED WIDTH Force each new pulse to have a predefined width AS HIT The click coordinates define both the width and the amplitude of each new pulse This is the default choice Set control bit Set a control bit associated with the selected pulse This bit controls the TTL compatible C BIT output on the front panel of the corresponding output channel It can be used to control some external devices If the control bit is set the title of this menu item changes to RESET CONTROL BIT The horizontal part of the affected pulse will be displayed in grey Setting one or more control bits is another way of generating a trigger pulse especially useful in Matrix mode with even odd frame inversion to trigger the scope on either frame not bot
38. ENUS Out atabulated text file describing the pattern in subsequent frames e only if desired a tabulated text file describing the pattern in first frame and background random pattern 15 default The command calls a dialog asking for details of the addressing scheme It is the only necessary command in this menu Corresponds to normal SEND ALL command in OUT menu The mode is set automatically by the BUILD command Deselect to return to the normal operating mode preferably resetting the generator as well Choose frame from data file Reset generator Configure channels You are prompted to select the spreadsheet file containing frame pattern data Same command as in OUT menu OUT By this menu you can communicate with the generator Initially all items are disabled dimmed except CONFIGURE CHANNELS menu and a SPECIAL hierarchical test menu described later First thing you have to do is to establish a contact with the generator After the positive reply and channel assignment the remaining menu items become available ctri T This is the very first command you have execute to establish a contact with the generator The generator reports which output modules are installed and invokes a dialog to associate the waveforms with the output channels Waveforms To Channels da default button this dialog is RUN which automatically sends all data to
39. FG500 Utility Error Byte Test vi E VI abc This Utility VI Interprets the error byte returned by most commands and takes appropriate action to set a warning in the error cluster if necessary This Vl is called only from VIs in the LCWFG500 driver library and is not meant to be altered Changing this VI can cause those VIs to operate improperly LCWFG500 Utility Clean Up Initialize vi session for class dup VISA session session error in error error out This Utility VI closes any open VISA sessions in the event that there is an error during an initialization This Vl is called only from VIs in the LCWFG500 driver library and is not meant to be altered Changing this can cause those VIs to operate improperly LCWFG500 Utility Default Instrument Setup vi Default Setup String YISA session E error in no error dup VISA session En This Utility VI sends the default command string to the generator whenever a new VISA session 1s opened or the generator is reset This Vl is called only from VIs in the LCWFG500 driver library and is not meant to be altered Changing this can cause those VIs to operate improperly LCWFG500 Utility Ready Query vi This VI performs a ready query on the generator to see if it is ready t accept data This is necessary if long waveforms are used as the generator can be
40. G menu for explanation The widths of involved pulses will be equal to the value set in the dialog Functions Sine wave Create a sine wave over the selection of pulses Hence before invoking this command you have to create a desired number of pulses and select them In the dialog you have to state starting angle in degrees total length in degrees pulse width and also if you want couplings between pulses Functions DC waveform Duplicate waveform Set values Create a DC waveform It will be as long as the existing waveforms have amplitudes of all pulses coupled together and initially zero volts A dialog asks you to name the waveform Create a new waveform exactly the same as the active one Hide the original waveform and display the copy instead Since the new waveform is not associated with any output channel no additional data will be sent to the generator Use WAVEFORM gt REMOVE WAVEFORM to undo PULSE ctrI F2 on the waveform display http www fice se Using WFG600 3 7 THE MENUS Pulse Invokes a dialog where you can type the values of pulse amplitudes in both waveforms pulse width and set reset the associated control bits Use NEXT NEW and PREVIOUS buttons to move around in the waveform Press DONE when you are ready or CANCEL to discard changes made to the currently selected pulse Mark this pulse ctri M Include the selected pulse number in the list Use GOTO MARK
41. LE TRIGGER POINTS to SINGLE TRIGGER POINT only the first existing trigger point will remain others will be deleted This operation cannot be undone The single trigger point is the default choice Allowed Multiple trigger points There may as many trigger points in the timing data as you like The C BIT output complement and extends the triggering possibilities A TTL compatible level true false can be assigned to individual pulses in each or any waveform Click on time axis Drag pulse width Set the way the pulse width is changed by click amp drag IF THIS OPTION IS ENABLED DEFAULT AT STARTUP Click on the desired time slot or right click on the pulse anywhere in the pulse area and drag its right boundary to the desired position Dragging past the right edge of the display will auto scroll Dragging the pulse width to zero will set it to 2 units which is the minimum IF THIS OPTION IS DISABLED Use shift click http www flce se Using WFG600 3 9 3 THE MENUS Click on time axis Move pulse boundary Set the way the pulse width is changed by click amp drag IF THIS OPTION IS ENABLED Click on the desire time slot marker or right click on the pulse anywhere in the pulse area and drag its right boundary You will move the boundary between this slot and its right neighbor The rest of the waveform will not be affected as the sum of widths of these two pulses is kept constant IF THIS OPTION IS DISAB
42. LED Use shift click Mode Waveform scaling At the bottom right part of the screen there are two arrow buttons a symbol of a waveform and a box displaying the width of the currently selected pulse or the first one in the selected sequence By changing this width the entire timing will be scaled proportionally Clicking on the symbol toggles it and has the same effect as the menu choice This is the default setting Mode One pulse only At the bottom right part of the screen there are two arrow buttons a symbol of a pulse width and a box displaying the width of the currently selected pulse or the first one in the selected sequence Changing this width will not affect other pulses unless they are coupled to this one see the COUPLING menu COUPLING In this menu you can set the relations between pulses time slots in the design It makes possible to change amplitude or width of many pulses at once by just a single mouse click Amplitude Set master Make the selected pulse an amplitude reference a master You will be prompted to give it a name The default name is AmplMaster1 You may change the name later using RENAME MASTER gt gt hierarchical menu The color of the pulse changes to red Some restrictions apply to master pulses you may not delete cut clear or paste over them For work around see PROMOTE TO MASTER c
43. N If uncertain please contact FLC Electronics AB send email to flce flce se Mac Change the serial port The software rev 5 x 15 compiled for the printer port the one with a printer symbol as standard and the software with suffix MP was compiled for the modem port the one with a telephone symbol Software rev 4 x for WFG400 was compiled for the modem port USB Mac Newer Macintosh models do not have serial ports and an USB serial converter or a serial port card has to be used for example a Keyspan SXpro card Typically the Port 1 emulates the Mac printer port If uncertain consult your Mac dealer or FLC Electronics AB e Time out can also occur when running a very slow waveform Confirm the Keep waiting dialog No channels exist in configuration dialog The communication speed is wrong WFG400 communicates at 19200 baud 500 and WFG600 at 57600 baud Use a proper version of the software Check if correct baud rate is selected in FILE gt PREFERENCES Serial port occupied message Mac only Check AppleTalk and Modem settings in the Control Panels On PowerBooks with only one serial connection turn the AppleTalk off On USB Mac check the control panel of the serial adapter Error LED while executing a command If the problem repeats at the same place use older revision of the software as it might use commands not supported in the waveform generator hardware WFG600 is constantly expand
44. Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden HELP 3 15 Menu help 3 15 Manuals 3 16 Check for updates 3 16 About 3 16 Matrix Waveform layout 4 1 Building waveform set 4 2 The cws 4 3 Run Matrix mode 4 4 Script Preparation steps 5 1 Using Script 5 2 LabVIEW core driver library System requirements and settings 6 1 LCWFG500 llb core library contents 6 2 LCWFGS500 Tree vi 6 2 LCWFGS500 Application vi 6 2 LCWFGS500 Close vi 6 2 LCWFG500 Configure Clock vi 6 3 LCWFG500 Delete Range vi 6 3 LCWFG500 Error Message vi 6 3 LCWFG500 Error Query vi 6 3 LCWFG500 Frequency Generator vi 6 4 LCWFGS500 Getting Started vi 6 4 LCWFGS500 Initialize vi 6 5 LCWFGS500 Insert Range vi 6 5 LCWFG500 Invert Amplitudes In Range vi 6 5 LCWFGS500 Reset vi 6 5 LCWFG500 Revision Query vi 6 5 LCWFG500 Roll Waveform vi 6 6 LCWFGS500 Run vi 6 6 LCWFGS500 Self Test vi 6 6 LCWFGS500 Send Data vi 6 6 LCWFGS500 Send Multiple Times vi 6 7 LCWFGS500 Send Multiple Voltages vi 6 7 LCWFGS500 Send One Time vi 6 8 LCWFGS500 Send One Voltage vi 6 8 LCWFGS500 Set Range To Zero vi 6 8 LCWFGS500 Status Request vi 6 8 LCWFGS500 Stop vi 6 8 http www flce se Using WFG600 y LCWFG500u llb utility library contents 6 9 LCWFGS500 Utility Error Byte Test vi 6 9 LCWFGS500 Utility Clean Up Initialize vi 6 9 LCWFGS500 Utility Default Instrument Setup vi 6 9 LCWFGS500 Utility Ready Query vi 6 9 7 LabVIEW toolbox library Compatibility and Platform
45. ands create new slaves and the invert command changes the sign of the multiplication factor in the equation So you can create a master first and make all the slaves just by duplicating copying inverting etc You may change the name of a master jump to the master clear one coupling chain or all couplings 2 10 Using WFG500 FLC Electronics AB Sweden THE MENUS New Open Import Export Save Save as Print setup Print Note this Chapter describes the menu commands as laid out in Windows version of the program Notation e The after the title of the menu item means that it invokes a dialog window where further choices may be done Ifthe menu item appears grayed out it is not available at this time e The gt after the menu item denotes here a hierarchical menu FILE Close the current design and open a new empty one The current design will be saved or not according to the preferences see later on ctri O Save the current design if there is any according to chosen preferences and open a file containing a previously saved design A text file of tabulated data like a spreadsheet Open exported file in text editor to see the format The coupling information is not preserved here ctrl S Save the current design to the disk First time you call this command you will be prompted for the file name and location Save the current design to the disk un
46. b0 7 set if the corresponding output channel is installed and working properly Ready Flag if lt gt 0 then the generator may accept the RUN command HiAddr highest occupied RAM address model 2 or 8 channel model decimal value firmware revision State message Meaning E H EH E NH E E UON NS ON NH ON BH ON NON BON NON NB ON NH og XCLK monitors the external clock XTRG monitors external start stop signal START control signal as placed by the microprocessor MEM swap control Z0 CPU accesses RAM and scanning counter lt gt RANA as placed by the microprocessor RST extended reset signal as placed by the microprocessor XI external internal time base clock choice see below FS external internal time base clock choice see below SOFTCK software generated time base output http www flce se Using WFG600 7 State codes Setup codes C 8 Using WFG600 COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL Status state and error codes Byte 10 Error Code E H HE NU kNoError 0 kNotReady 1 kFramingError 2 kNoiseFlag 4 kOverrun 8 kOverflow 16 kNotRecognized 32 kHardwareError 64 kTimeOutError 128 Constant Value E EH E E E BH E E E EE EE E E E E E kStopped 0 kRunning 1 kRunOut 2 kWaitSwap 4 kBurst 8 kPanel 16 kUndefined 32 kArmed 64 kExpectingData 128 theMode Hex value E E H E E BH E NH E BH FE E E E E NES NH BH HN HE HE codeBurst 0x04 codePane 0x08
47. busy for a long time If the generator returns that the status command was expected this is send and the Status command was expected warning is set in the error cluster and the query is renewed If the generator does not respond within the time out the Ready query failed error is set in the error cluster and all http www fice se Using WFG600 6 9 LABVIEW CORE DRIVER LIBRARY BENI LCWFGS500u llb utility library contents further communication is suspended The time out is dependent on the clock type and is therefore set by the configure clock VI This Vl is called only from VIs in the LCWFG500 driver library and is not meant to be altered Changing this VI can cause those VIs to operate improperly 6 10 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden LABVIEW TOOLBOX LIBRARY The driver library that was previously released and is still useful for people running Lab VIEW version 5 1 1 on a Macintosh has now evolved into a toolbox addition to the core driver The VIs in this toolbox build on the core driver library for all communication with the waveform generator The VIs in the toolbox are backward compatible with those introduced in the previous driver release It is recommended to visit http mww flce se before starting the work on your own application to assure that you are using the most recent release A Number of Samples H litud Scop previ Sample Unit ms n Scopescreen
48. change the value in 0 1 V steps The step can be increased to 1 V by holding shift key The DC offset control below allows offsetting the generated waveform This is not shown on the display use oscilloscope to monitor the output signal The sum of offset and max waveform amplitude is limited to the maximum amplitude of the signal that can be generated by your WFG model or the set amplitude limit ctrl U Join waveforms in the groups in order to control the amplitude simultaneously for all waveforms within the group The choices are free column row arbitrary group X Y Z The symbol of the group will be displayed on the left margin of the window near the lower part of the amplitude axis If the current waveform is not the first member of the group its maximum amplitude will automatically be adjusted to the value defined by the group members Max amplitude change of any member of a group propagates to the remaining members This command provides an extra security against accidentally increasing the signal amplitude over the allowed value for the device under test When the program starts this limit is set by default to 100V i e the maximum A single slope ramp will be automatically created in the selected range of pulses Hence before invoking this command you have to create a desired number of pulses and select them The ramp may be unipolar or bipolar rising or falling the amplitudes and pulse width may be coupled see COUPLIN
49. d its purpose is to deliver 16 bit data to the counter or in the case of the analog output channel to the DAC Since the microprocessor operates on 8 bit data bytes a conversion to the required 16 bit data words is needed Thus each memory set consists of two 8k 8 random access memories which store the lower and upper byte of the 16 bit data word respectively The memories are tied to the microprocessor data bus through a programmable logic device CPLD Normally the buffers of the CPLD are in the high impedance state disabled effectively disconnecting the memories from the data bus When a specific memory circuit is selected by the microprocessor in the previously described way the control logic activates the corresponding buffer The direction of data flow is then defined by the microprocessor s read write signal 1 14 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden Figure 3 INTRODUCTION Circuit Description ADDRESS BUS MEMORY 1 MEMORY MEMORY s 1 1 RUN STOP LOW HIGH BYTE READ WRITE 8 bit DATA 3 SYNC 8 bit 1 bit BUFFER BUFFER DATA COMMUN 4 SELECTOR DATA amp 15 bit DATA BUS CONTROL DOWN scANNING LOGIC CLEAR COUNTER COCK BUFFER BUFFER l 8 bit MSB DATA LSB CLOCK MEMORY 2 MEMORY 2 MEMORY 2 ADDRESS BUS _ a Block scheme of the timing module Dashed rectangle marks the part common for all slave modul
50. ded and the execution of the script will start It can be terminated by STOP button ctrl H The Script is a software based extension to the normal mode of the waveform generator operation and has several important limitations The two memory banks are no longer updated to hold the same data at all times Alternatingly one memory bank is used for waveform generation while the other memory bank is used to perform the waveform rolling in a background in order to prepare the generator for the next step in the script In this way there is no delay between the steps Limitation it is not possible to update waveform parameters nor to move the trigger point during execution of the script Generally issuing a command that causes a memory swap in the generator results in incorrect calculation of the waveform roll The frequency can be altered by using an external generator 5 2 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden LABVIEW CORE DRIVER LIBRARY The LabVIEW Core Driver Library complies with the strict rules imposed by National Instruments It has been reviewed accepted and included in the National Instruments legacy instrument driver library at http www ni com devzone idnet The following information is provided on the driver download page LabVIEW Legacy Instrument Driver E H EH H NH NH E E E NS E EE OH E B NS A Manufacturer s FLC Electronics Description Multichannel H
51. der another name You will be prompted for the file name and location A standard setup dialog where you can choose the size of the printer paper scale of the printout and its orientation recommended landscape ctrl P Print the design on the attached printer The following information is added on the first page file name date time waveform names groups amplitude type of superposition chosen units total number of pulses and the DC offset FLC Electronics AB Sweden Using WFG600 3 1 3 THE MENUS Edit Preferences Set file save preferences disable splash screen select communication port baud rate and waveform generator model Quit ctri Q Quit the program The current design will be saved or not according to the preferences see above EDIT Undo ctrl Z Undo the last operation If the text is dimmed the operation cannot be undone Cut ctri X Copy the selected sequence of the pulses from the active waveform A or e Clear the sequence 1 e set the amplitude of pulses included in the sequence to zero Copy ctri C Copy the selected sequence of the pulses from the active waveform to the private clipboard of the program you cannot paste it into any other program the system clipboard is used for text editing only Paste ctrl V Paste the content of the program s clipboard prepared by COPY or CUT commands into the active waveform starting at the selected pulse
52. der to specify the range you chose the start address and the number of pulses Pulse count 1 12287 in the range The start address 1 12287 is given as a pulse number where represents the first pulse The range includes the pulse at the start address In addition to the range you have to specify the channel byte this is a number which represents the binary translation of the eight possible channels a will address that channel e g 32 00100000 selects channel 6 only 18 00010010 selects channel 5 and 2 etc LCWFG500 Status Request vi Status VISA session dup VISA session error in error error out This VI reads the current status of the generator and returns it in a cluster You can select each property by unbundling the status cluster by name and selecting what you desire A description of the status bytes can be found in the WFG500 manual Some bytes have been translated to useful values and are accessed as such LCWFG500 Stop vi VISA session dup VISA session he running error in error c error out This VI will issue a stop command to the generator if it is running The actual state of the generator is returned through the output running false in this case means it is stopped or running out the waveform for the last time 6 8 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden LABVIEW CORE DRIVER LIBRARY LCWFG500u 1lb utility library contents LCWFG500U LLB UTILITY LIBRARY CONTENTS LCW
53. dition to control key sequences shown next to menu 1tems there exist following shortcuts MOUSE Left click in Modifier Action E E EH EH NH NH HON NS OB B ON B UH E RE E E A O R RE BE BH RBBERBEBBEBHBHBEHBHE RE A B d Superposition select a pulse display Superposition Alt select a sequence between markers vertical display lines Waveform A display select waveform A drag pulse amplitude even values of amplitude units Waveform B display select waveform B drag pulse amplitude even values of amplitude units Timing display drag pulse width or move boundary according to preferences Left margin select waveform A or B select superposition mode A B or B A max amplitude type the value for the waveform amplitude display max amplitude increase or decrease the value arrow icon slot width display type new width of the selected slot and rescale the waveform timing accordingly 1f in waveform scaling mode slot width arrow increase or decrease by 1 unit the width of the icon selected slot and rescale the waveform timing accordingly if in scaling mode icon above slot change mode waveform scaling or one width display pulse only waveform pop up choose the waveform to appear in menu corresponding display area amplitude units pop choose between arbitrary units default and up menu volts the superposition display will adjust accordingly and change color dark red units g
54. e same restrictions apply to master slots as to master pulses you may not delete cut clear or paste over them For work around see the TIMING PROMOTE TO MASTER command You may DUPLICATE or COPY PASTE them and the copied pulse will automatically become its slave equal in size ctrl J Couple the selected slot to a reference slot make it a slave slot Invokes a dialog where you have to choose a master from a pop up menu and type the coupling parameters multiplication and offset The width of the slave pulse will from now on follow the equation http www flce se Using WFG600 3 1 3 THE MENUS Matrix n T master Offset The default is n 1 and offset 0 When a coupled slot is altered the software readjusts the width of the master slot propagates the change to all related slots and finally transmits the appropriate information to the waveform generator 1f connected and in auto mode The color of the coupled pulse changes to blue If decreasing the with of a coupled slot should cause that the width of another slot would be reduced to zero it will be set to 2 time units Timing Promote to master Move the master properties over to the selected slave slot The waveforms will not change The name will not change Use this menu command if you wish to delete cut or clear a sequence containing a master or paste over it which is not allowed Tim
55. ee D cmd address pulse word count total length of the command 6 bytes Insert range of pulses Tx Data Size Description BI T byte ASCII character capital i byte before word inclusive defined as offset see D cmd address pulse word count total length of the command 6 bytes http www flce se Using WFG600 C 5 C COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL Commands containing data Set amplitudes to zero in the range of pulses Tx Data 7 7 select select start address Size Description E EH EH E E E E E E E E E HON O BH NE HOS EBR B E E E A A O B d byte byte byte designated channels 1 at bit position selects the channel byte bO channell b7 channel8 all 0 timing word inclusive defined as offset see D cmd word pulse count Roll waveform Tx Data E EH H NH E HE UE B d O O select direction step count total length of the command 8 bytes Size Description u E E E E E E E E NS NS BH ee ee R E B NH ee ee ee A A byte ASCII character capital o not zero byte byte designated channels once only byte Boolean right TRUE left FALSE 0 word total length of the command 6 bytes Invert amplitudes of pulse selection in one waveform Tx Data y y select select start address Size Description E EH EH E E E E E E FE E E E
56. eform zcaled data Index Selection 7 12 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden LABVIEW TOOLBOX LIBRARY Alphabetic index This vi will scale all data points at the index selection positions with the scale factor To select timing wire O to the timing waveform control another value represent the subsequent rows of waveforms in the data array FLCWFG Scale Data vi Time Scale Factor 1 Data empty DEL Amplitude Scale Factors Call ones scaled data This vi will scale data It will scale time regardless of the clock setting and it can therefore deliver time data which is not executable with the current clock setting Use FLCWFG Partition Raw data vi to alleviate this problem using another clock setting Also the voltage data may exceed 100 V which can not physically be produced by the WFG 500 values higher then 100 V amplitude will be sent as 100 V amplitude FLCWFG Scale Waveforms Pop Up vi Full Data scaled full data This vi is used as a pop up window The user can choose the scale settings at will starting from the current TRUE maximum amplitudes of the waveforms and by the total time of the waveforms FLCWFG Set At Index vi Add erase TF Timing waveform CO timing Trigger c bit trigger c bit rM Index Selection empty This vi will set the trigger or c bit in a trigger c bit data array at the selected indices of either timing or a wavefor
57. en those not shown on the screen These slave pulses make then corresponding changes in their amplitude values Finally the appropriate information is transmitted to the waveform generator There is no limit on the number of coupling chains nor on the number or placement of pulses within each chain The time slots may be coupled together in the same way The number of waveforms is limited only by the available memory in the computer The program has been written in object oriented C Symantec for Macintosh Borland Pascal for Windows3 x revision 1 x and Borland C for Windows95 98 NT 2000 ME XP from revision 2 0 up http www fice se Using WFG600 1 17 INTRODUCTION The Software z L wooz sun gt E du OH TEL 1014102 juasindpanaas s 9 9 gt 40 ele 2 v V 30 A ee Z 3u uoogq AS 012 sespd yo y jala gt tms h 1 3210Y 000 7929 19530 5d PQ og apnyjdwe 1 pd V pued jo13u05 YMO 1O1P1 u D gt dois uny x DD DULL LZ LM ble sqe uoln2 j s lt re SS SIXe lt 9 e s apny due dnoib lt uomsodiadns
58. er to the data sequences defined in the A waveform CW1 defines data sequence number 1 CW2 defines data sequence number 2 etc The total number of data bytes transmitted to the generator all definition tables and frame data 1s limited by available internal memory of the Controller module about 24k RUN MATRIX MODE After preparing the file and data issue the command BUILD ADDRESSING SCHEME and then SEND ALL TABLES You will be asked to chose the frame data file you can also designate a file by the menu item CHOOSE FRAME FROM DATA FILE The Matrix mode will be set After RUN command you will see a changing pattern in a part of column waveforms 4 4 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden SCRIPT 2 The Script defines a series of multiple frame bursts where chosen waveforms are rolled between successive bursts A frame 1s here defined as the full length of the waveform drawn on the computer Before starting to edit the script you have to assign the waveforms to the generator channels using the compulsory initial command CONFIGURE CHANNELS PREPARATION STEPS You are presented with a series of dialogs to define the steps in the script Step 1 loaded run 00 54 times lt lt Previous State how many frames are to be generated during this step By default this number is same as in the N BURST command The waveforms are generated as defined on the computer screen Step 2 Wr
59. erated by qualified personnel only The instrument is to be used in normal room temperature and humidity The manufacturer cannot be held responsible for damage to any device connected to the Waveform Generator Despite protective circuitry it is recommended that samples or equipment sensitive to voltage spikes are disconnected from the high voltage outputs when turning the power to the instrument ON or OFF Connecting any high voltage output to any low voltage input or output would damage the instrument and void the warranty http www fice se Using WFG600 1 3 INTRODUCTION Quick Start QUICK START Note more detailed exercises are described in the Tutorial chapter Follow these simple steps 1 Turn on the computer and run the Waveform Generator program 2 Draw a few pulses Click in the design window A or B Note the pulse selection marker below the waveform superposition display at the top of the screen and the active waveform mark and B buttons to the left 3 Place oscilloscope trigger for easy synchronization with an oscilloscope Select a pulse and press space key or use menu TIMING gt SET TRIGGER POINT 4 Turn on waveform Generator Connect the WFG600 to the mains and turn it on The LED diodes will light on while the generator performs the self check procedure and then they will all be turned off 5 serial communication PC 9 pin female D SUB contact and the waveform
60. es The buffers associated with the memory set being scanned are always disabled The memories are thus isolated from the microprocessor activity and the data may be delivered undisturbed through the data selector to the DAC Digital to Analog Conversion The process of conversion of binary data into the analog signal is crucial for the obtainable speed and amplitude We use a 14 bit digital to analog converter DAC904 settling within 30 ns The current output from the DAC is converted to a voltage by a fast operational amplifier OPA690 This signal is fed to a high voltage amplifier PAS5A The DAC uses twelve bits b11 0 out of sixteen data bits available that gives 50 mV resolution of the pulse amplitude at the high voltage output The sixteenth bit b15 may be set via software and is provided as TTL level output on the front panel It may be used for other purposes like controlling external devices Two isolated BNC contacts for high voltage 100V output are provided the front panel of each module since one usually connects both the load and the oscilloscope probe to the same signal If the load is connected between two outputs as in the case of a liquid crystal cell one needs to monitor the difference between the two applied signals For this purpose two summation modules are provided The summation module has one inverting IN and one non inverting IN inputs which can accommodate the 100V signals from high voltage output
61. f the grid is not too dense to display SHOW GRID SET GRID EQUAL STEPS ctrl Y You will be prompted for the step size The positive and negative values are symmetrical by default SET GRID SAME AS OTHER WAVEFORM Make the grid in the active waveform exactly the same as in the non active waveform The value of a currently edited pulse amplitude is adjusted to the nearest grid level The grid does not have to be visible Make the grid visible Choose this menu item again to hide the grid GOTO Move around in the design ctrI HOME The waveform display will be scrolled to the first pulse and the first pulse will be selected Use this menu if you have scrolled the waveform display away from the selection Use PULSE MARK SELECTION to store the current pulse range and then you can jump to it at any time by calling this menu item http www flce se Using WFG600 3 5 3 THE MENUS Waveform Restore selection Use PULSE gt MARK SELECTION to store the current pulse range Choose from the hierarchical menu of stored pulse selections and jump there Pulse nr Go to a specified pulse number and select it You will be prompted for the pulse number Marked pulse A hierarchical menu of marked pulses Use PULSE gt MARK THIS PULSE to include a selected pulse in this menu Trigger point Ctri left right arrow to jump with trigger between marked pulses see menu PULSE gt MARK THIS PULSE Jump
62. f the screen The fourth Auto Manual button controls the way the generated waveforms are updated The default setting is Auto which means that all changes are immediately followed by the generator If more extensive alternations of the waveforms have to be done the communication may be switched to a manual mode then the Send all button changes to Update now Prior to using any of these buttons the communication with the generator must be established and the waveforms assigned to physical channels of the generator using a dialog window where only the existing channels are shown The pull down menus shown in the menu bar at the top of the screen provide many additional features The Coupling menu requires special attention It allows for defining the relations between pulses in the waveforms The coupled pulses are presented by a distinct color when waveforms are drawn on the screen Any number of pulses may have their amplitudes coupled together This is done by choosing one of them as a Master for reference and assigning the coupling parameters master pulse name multiplication factor n and offset to a Slave pulse so that its amplitude will always follow the relation Aslave Amaster factor offset When a coupled pulse is altered the software re adjusts the amplitude of the master pulse and propagates the change to all related pulses which may be in different waveforms ev
63. fected http www fice se Using WFG600 6 7 LABVIEW CORE DRIVER LIBRARY 6 LCWFG500 llb core library contents LCWFG500 Send One Time vi Address 11 Time 2 units VISA session Trigger not set error in error Je FF6F dup VISA session With this VI you can change the timing of one pulse You specify an address given as a pulse number being the first pulse 1 12287 the Time value 2 32767 is given in basic clock units The Trigger can be set by setting this input to true LCWFG500 Send One Voltage vi Channel 13 Address 17 Voltage 0 VISA session dup VISA session error out With this VI you can change the Voltage of one pulse You specify an address given as a pulse number 1 being the first pulse 1 12287 the Voltage value 100 100 has a resolution of 0 05 V The C bit can be set by setting this input In addition you specify the Channel a valid value 1s a number that represents the binary translation of the eight possible channels a will address that channel e g 8 00001000 selects channel 4 only 96 01100000 selects channel 7 and 6 etc Only the selected channels will be affected LCWFG500 Set Range To Zero vi Channel 13 Pulse count 1 Start Address 17 VISA session dup VISA session error in error error out With this VI you can set the amplitudes of a range of pulses stored in the generator to zero voltage In or
64. form in the top panel PIXEL A B The waveform shown in the top panel will be calculated by subtracting pulse amplitudes of the B waveform from the corresponding pulse amplitudes of the A waveform This is the default choice PIXEL B A The waveform shown in the top panel will be calculated by subtracting pulse amplitudes of the A waveform from the corresponding pulse amplitudes of the B waveform Mark sequences Draw a thin vertical line every N pulses in the superposition display You will be prompted for the value of N Use it for example to mark line addressing times Choose this menu item again to remove the marks 3 4 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden Zoom in Zoom 1 1 Zoom out Set grid Snap to grid Show grid Start Current selection Marked selection THE MENUS Goto Alt click to select entire sequence of pulses between the marks Zoom buttons above time units Alter the scale of the waveform display The current zoom ratio 1s shown at the bottom of the window Center button above time units Restore the situation where the pulse width expressed in units corresponds directly to the same number of pixels on the screen Zoom buttons above time units Alter the scale of the waveform display The current zoom ratio 1s shown at the bottom of the window Hierarchical menu Chose the size of the support grid for drawing pulse amplitudes It automatically calls SNAP TO GRID and i
65. ft are named according to the Macintosh style MOUSE Click in Modifier Action MAA A Superposition select a pulse display Superposition Option select a sequence between markers drawn as display vertical lines markers must be visible Superposition Shift define the end of the sequence selection display Superposition Command invoke dialog to type in pulse data display Waveform A display select waveform A drag pulse amplitude even values of amplitude units Waveform A display Option select waveform A drag pulse amplitude odd values of amplitude units Waveform A display Command invoke dialog to type in pulse data Waveform A display Shift define the end of the sequence selection Waveform B display select waveform B drag pulse amplitude even values of amplitude units Waveform B display Option select waveform B drag pulse amplitude odd values of amplitude units Waveform B display Command invoke dialog to type in pulse data Waveform B display Shift define the end of the sequence selection Timing display drag pulse width or move boundary according to preferences Timing display Option drag pulse width or move boundary opposite to what is set in the preferences Timing display Command set remove trigger point Timing display Shift define the end of the sequence selection Left margin select waveform A or B select superposition mode A B or B A Max amplitude invoke the Waveform amplitude dialog disp
66. generator 9 pin male D SUB contact Important Goto menu FILE gt PREFERENCES and choose the communication port the model of your waveform generator WFG600 and communication speed 57600 baud There you may also turn off the initial splash screen and define the file saving behavior Mac Connect the serial communication cable between the Printer port and the WFG600 using the round mini DIN plug for the software with letters MP use modem port 6 Connectan oscilloscope to the waveform generator High voltage outputs OUT require a 10 1 probe Connect the synchronization output TRG OUT to the external trigger input in the oscilloscope Set the scope trigger source to External TTL level Normal It is recommended to use a probe also for the trigger signal l nitialize the communication Establish a contact between the computer and the WFG600 use menu OUT CONFIGURE CHANNELS or press PC control T Mac The dialog with the list of installed output modules will be displayed Click on pop up menus to assign waveforms to the channels a waveform may be assigned to more than one channel Click on the RUN button All waveforms will be downloaded and the generation will start 8 Play with the output signal Change pulse amplitude or width by clicking on it and dragging with the mouse Observe how the generator follows the changes Change a pulse width by dragging a marker on the time axis
67. ger points over the entire selection on the graph click Set Trigger Points and similarly if you which to set the c bits click Set C bits In order to send anything to the generator you must first connect to it so click Connect If you are connected then the button shows Disconnect and the buttons Send All Run and Stop are enabled If this is not the case then an error has occurred during connecting To end the program click Stop Any changes you make will immediately be send to the generator in this way you can easily optimize time and voltage settings for individual pulses Scroll the window left to find controls to change the graph settings these include the maximum amplitude shown in the graph the time zoom and the time scroll FLCWFG Waveform Editor vi Fille Edit Operate Project Windows Help waveform 1 Symmetric stepping graph settings SHOW TRIGGERPOINTS V pp scroll step uz E 50 a SET TRIGGERPOINTS si 0 00 time zoom step amplitude V E 50 00 sn _ Whoo SHOW C BITS time scroll Time step us time u s SET C BITS 128000 7 8 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden LABVIEW TOOLBOX LIBRARY Alphabetic index ALPHABETIC INDEX FLCWFG Add At Index vi Symmetric Adding J Data empty Add Step 0 00 py Timing Waveform 0 timing 2 scaled data Index Selectio
68. h You may set the control bit in a selection of pulses at once 3 8 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden THE MENUS Timing TIMING RH HR RO RR NR d d This menu deals with the clock speed in the generator oscilloscope trigger points the way the pulse width can be changed and the waveform speed Select time base clock N Onboard timer speed Set trigger point Remove all triggers Chose the time base clock It defines how long 1 time unit will be The choices are 10MHz 1 unit 0 1 us default 1MHz 1 unit 1 us software controlled generated by the onboard timer 1 unit N ms external clock source connected to X CLK input on the front panel of the Control Module use TTL compatible square wave generator of good quality do not exceed 0 5 V range Set the speed of the software controlled time base clock It can be set in units of 1 ms 1 64 ms The actual value in the microprocessor timer will be updated at the beginning of the waveform scan space Place a trigger point in the selected time slot The text in this menu item changes then to REMOVE TRIGGER POINT Delete all triggering information from the timing data This operation cannot be undone Allowed Single trigger point Allow only one trigger point to be present in the timing data If you place a trigger point in another slot the previous trigger point will be removed If the you change from MULTIP
69. he B waveform concerns the rows The first CW is the non select sequence and will be repeated everywhere in row waveforms outside the selection part The latter is defined after the CW1 but not necessarily starting at CW2 It is necessary that the CWs are marked by vertical lines Use VIEW menu MARK SEQUENCES to obtain this The screen should look like this Waveform Generator C Waveforms test 16 sequences wef 2 3 OK File Edit View Goto Waveform Pulse Timing Coupling Matrix Output Help 200 Build addressing scheme Send all tables Run Stop Set matrix mode Choose frame data file Send All Auto Reset generator 50 00 offset 0 00 T m 000 offset 0 00 1234 waveform 1 v 5678 waveform 2 gt of pulses 54 selection 5 60 1120 us DCcontent 17 031 LI A ed H 180 units 10 5 MAA 2 nf E LI al waveform 1 waveform 2 Z00M1 16 FLC Electronics AB Sweden Using WFG600 4 1 4 2 Using WFG600 MATRIX Building the waveform set For a typical one line at a time addressing there can only be two waveforms present If there 1s a third waveform the program understands that row signals are different in odd and even frames BUILDING THE WAVEFORM SET EH B HE ee B HE BOB ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee It is useful to select
70. he default choice Manual update The changes will not be transmitted to the generator The text on the button will change to UPDATE NOW Use this option if you want to make many changes before you update the data in the generator Continuous mode The Run command or the high level on the X TRG input if enabled initiates the continuous generation of the waveforms This is the default choice Continuous amp frame cnt In this mode the RUN command starts a 32 bit frame counter After a STOP command the total number of generated frames 15 displayed in an editable field of a dialog The number is selected and can directly be cut and pasted to a file spreadsheet etc Editing this number does not have any effect 3 14 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden THE MENUS HELP Burst mode The Run command or the high level on the X TRG input if enabled initiates a single generation of the waveforms The generator will stop after the end of waveform Implemented in hardware no constrains on the pulse width nor frame length Burst and invert It is analogous to the normal BURST command except that amplitudes of all waveforms are inverted after each burst Implemented in hardware Burst N frames Selecting the mode invokes a dialog to set the requested number of frames Pressing RUN button starts the burst This mode is a software extension and there are some restrictions If the width of the last pulse is less than 21 ys then N 1 frames
71. he microprocessor flags out for memory swapping or for terminating the waveform generation If the memory swap is requested then the swap control signal is inverted and the top address register is updated to the prepared value because the waveform length might have been changed The counter is then reset to zero and the new scan begins The control logic block takes also care of some additional functions It prepares the time base clock senses the external start signal if enabled and supervises the operating mode which may be either continuous or burst i e the waveforms are generated once only Timer The duration of each pulse is defined by a timing module Figure 3 Here a 15 bit data is loaded to a down counter at the beginning of each waveform step The counter is driven by a time base clock the speed of which is selectable and may be 1 or 20 Mhz crystal controlled a Slower software controlled clock in 1 ms steps or an externally supplied one The output of this counter produces a scanning clock which in turn advances a memory address counter The 16th data bit contains arbitrarily placed trigger information used to synchronize an oscilloscope with the desired step of the waveform Data Memories The part of the block scheme from Figure 3 enclosed in the dashed rectangle is present both in the timing module and all analog output modules It consists of the memories buffers a data selector and a control logic an
72. igh Voltage Generator Model s WFG500 WFG600 Interface s Serial VISA is used in the driver API History New Driver version 1 0 Original Release 08 06 2001 Date Note DRIVER AVAILABLE FOR USE IN LABVIEW 61 OR HIGHER This driver is written for use with LabVIEW version 6 and higher It requires VISA version 2 5 which comes standard with LV6 For the Macintosh a patch is available see below The Waveform Generator LabVIEW driver libraries and patches provided on FLC Electronics web site http www flce se Note The library applies both to WFG500 and WFG600 models System requirements and settings Macintosh If you are using VISA version 2 5 which comes standard with LabVIEW 61 and 1ts upgrade to 6 0 2 download the NI VISA Passports patch for the VISA serial port communication and install it in the extensions folder of your system folder No further settings are required Windows 95 98 2000 ME Open the control panels and select the system item Open the panel for the serial port you want to use e g COMI In the tab settings click the button advanced Set the sliders for the buffer for windows 2000 ME these are radio buttons to the lowest setting UNIX and LINUX The driver has not been tested on these platforms FLC Electronics AB Sweden Using WFG600 6 1 LABVIEW CORE DRIVER LIBRARY WISUXSSIIT IIII G I LCWFG500 llb core library contents LCWFG500 LLB CORE LIBRARY CONTENTS
73. ing Clear coupling Free this slave slot from its master Timing Couple selection Couple together the selection of pulses creating a new coupling chain preserving the current relations between pulse amplitudes The first pulse in the selection becomes a master Timing Connect masters Join two coupling chains Timing Append selection Append the selected pulses to an existing coupling chain chosen from dialog Rename master Hierarchical menu of masters Invokes a dialog where you can change the name of a chosen master pulse or slot Remove master Hierarchical menu of masters Removes the entire chosen coupling chain 1 e the master and all slave slots in the chain will become free Cannot be undone Clear all couplings Erases all relations between pulses and slots in the current design Cannot be undone MATRIX NR d d This menu controls special mode of operation where Channels 1 4 act as column electrodes and channels 5 8 act as row electrodes in a matrix The mode is described in separate Chapter If items in this menu are dimmed turn on MARK SEQUENCES from VIEW menu Build addressing scheme Before issuing this command you have to prepare e building blocks for construction of waveform set 3 12 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden Send all tables Set matrix mode THE M
74. ing Contact FLC Electronics AB for advice Still wrong Restart the computer and reset the generator as usual in such cases Define the problem and send email to flce flce se or if unavailable send a fax to 46 31 340 1848 or 46 31 741 2630 Feedback Please inform us also if you discover bugs in the program dislike any part of its behavior or wish to have some additional features Do not hesitate to contact us if you have any questions or suggestions concerning the program or the instrument itself 1 6 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden INTRODUCTION Front Panel Connections FRONT PANEL CONNECTIONS Controller module RESET button LED Memory Bank 1 running LED Memory Bank 2 running LED Burst Mode LED Serial Port activity LED external control or external clock LED error TTL Input external trigger TTL Input external clock TTL Input forward reverse TTL Input waveform hold RS232 Serial Port connector 57600 baud 8 bit no parity 1 stop Note TTL Inputs accept TTL compatible signal with amplitude between and 5V i e logic LOW and External trigger After chosing menu OUT gt External triggering a LOW level default at this input will perform command Run while HIGH level will execute the STOP command External clock A square wave no minimum frequency Observe the output to establish the max frequency Forward Reverse A LOW level
75. ite script ez ea es we ey xe Repeat Add new row STER 5 lt lt Previous Next gt gt Cancel In this dialog you have to state how the waveforms in each channels should be rolled see ROLL WAVEFORM command before entering each consecutive step The rolling is defined in terms of the number of pulses negative numbers mean roll left e positive numbers mean roll right FLC Electronics AB Sweden Using WFG600 5 1 SCRIPT Using Script Zero means unchanged The number of pulses is relative to the previous state Values in the fields corresponding to channels that are not present in the hardware have no effect Note the rolling refers to channels not waveforms Same waveform can be assigned to all channels but each channel is then treated individually in the script In each row you have also to state how many frames are to be generated in the step 3 Step 3 Write script Total number of steps 5 Repeat script A times lt lt Previous Cancel The script can be generated once or a 32 bit number of times Please note the total number of steps in the script shown in this dialog one initial step plus the number of rows in the second dialog USING SCRIPT B B B OR OR d d d Each time you press the RUN button or ctrl R all waveforms will be reloa
76. lay Max amplitude increase or decrease the value by 17 arrow icon keep pressed to roll Max amplitude Option increase or decrease the value by 0 057 arrow icon keep pressed to roll Slot width display type new width of the selected slot and rescale the waveform timing accordingly 1f in Waveform scaling mode Slot width display Command type new width of the selected slot in opposite mode to what is currently set FLC Electronics AB Sweden Using WFG600 1 MACINTOSH SHORTCUTS Keyboard Click in Modifier Action E EH EH EH E E E E BOB HON HON E E E FE A A A dB d Slot width arrow increase or decrease by 10 units the width of the icon selected slot and rescale the waveform timing accordingly 1f in Scaling mode corresponds to Ilys step with 10MHz clock Slot width arrow Option increase or decrease by unit the width of the icon selected slot and rescale the waveform timing accordingly if in Scaling mode corresponds to 0 1 step with 1OMHz clock Icon above slot change mode Waveform scaling or One width display pulse only DC offset display if dimmed calculate and show the current value Waveform pop up choose the waveform to appear in the menu corresponding display area Amplitude units choose between arbitrary units default and pop up menu volts the superposition display will adjust accordingly and change color Time units pop up choose between default ms and arbitrary
77. ll at STOP C 3 Download waveform s at RUN Send one data value 4 Multiple send 1 data value 4 Set software clock C 4 Setup C 5 Delete range of pulses 5 Insert range of pulses C 5 Set amplitudes to zero in the range of pulses C 6 Roll waveform C 6 Invert amplitudes of pulse selection in one waveform C 6 Status state and error codes C 7 Status record 7 State codes 8 Setup codes C 8 D Notes D 1 http www flce se Using WFG600 vii viii Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden INTRODUCTION Operating modes The web site http www flcelectronics com contains the most recent software updates and information about new hardware All software can be downloaded free of charge MANUFACTURER S INFORMATION Address FLC Electronics Inc Sippedalsv gen 8 S 433 31 Partille Sweden Fax 46 31 340 18 48 alt 46 31 741 26 30 Phone 46 31 741 26 31 alt 46 31 340 18 49 urgent 46 707 50 50 23 Electronic mail ficeOfice se preferred form of communication Internet flce se flce com flcelectronics com alternative server flc biz TECHNICAL DATA e continuous e continuous with frame counting burst e burst with waveform inversion multiple burst script programmable burst and roll sequence matrix 4x4 part of virtual matrix forward reverse direction controlled by an external signal halt indefinetly controlled by an external signal FLC
78. lly during debugging of your VIs LCWFG500 Error Query vi VISA session dup VISA session Error Error Message Loa error out error in no error This is a mandatory utility VI for Instrument drivers However the WFG500 generator does not support an error query as such instead it returns an error byte after most commands All VT s that have to deal with this error byte will do so and place a warning in the error out cluster 1f necessary You can read the warnings directly in the source string from the error cluster or you can call the Error Message VI to display them in a window Calling this VI will place the Error query not supported warning in the error cluster This VI is only added to comply to http www flce se Using WFG600 6 3 LABVIEW CORE DRIVER LIBRARY BENI LCWFG3500 Illb core library contents National Instruments strict standards for inclusion of this driver into the IDL Instrument Driver Library LCWFG500 Frequency Generator vi This is a soft panel example which simulates an interactive frequency generator using the WFG500 Connect the generator to a serial port and select that port s number in the front panel then start the program Click UPDATE to send the desired waveform to the generator When this is done the generator should be ready to run click RUN Connect an oscilloscope to one of the channels and connect the external trigger input of the oscilloscope to the trigger output of the gene
79. lse of the selection like the pulse 5 in this example and you will not alter other pulses Let s change it to 40 ys File Edit View Goto Waveform Pulse Timing Coupling Output 7 f Brian waveform 1 7 waveform 2 In the other case when the waveform symbol is shown you will scale the entire timing Let s try it Click on the mode symbol or use the menu TIMING gt SCALE TIMING The symbol changes Click on the digital display The dialog comes up Mac only in Windows you may edit the displayed text directly The message in the dialog explains what you are about to do Type 20 and press Enter key or click on OK button if you like We are changed the width of the pulse number five from 40 to 20 and at the same time we changed the widths of all other pulse by multiplying them by one half 20 40 0 5 The result you can see on the next figure http www fice se Using WFG500 2 7 TUTORIAL File Edit View Goto Waveform Pulse Timing Coupling Output 7 PULSE 5 If you think that the picture is too dense now use a Zoom function from the View menu You can zoom in or out in the ratio of 2 each time but there 1s no limit on the zoom level You might prefer to use the keyboard shortcuts command to zoom in command to zoom out and command 0 zero to return to the 1 1 scale And after zoom in twice File Edit View Goto Waveform Pulse Timing Coupli
80. m If the option add is true existing triggers will remain in the array otherwise triggers will only be set at the index positions FLCWFG Unmold Data vi waveform name z Waaa i time unit pz zcaled data Full Data trigger c bit channel data This vi takes data from a full data cluster as obtained from the file translator and transforms it into easy to use arrays in LabView The data is contained in a two dimensional array with the first row the timing data in microseconds and all other rows representing the amplitude data of a waveform in volts The same data layout is used in the array containing trigger c bit data http www flce se Using WFG600 7 13 7 LABVIEWO TOOLBOX LIBRARY FLCWFG Waveform Check vi VISA Session dup VISA session Full Data error in no error check error nut This vi will perform a set of test to ensure that the waveforms make sense Appropriate actions will be taken to correct errors IT IS RECOMENDED THAT YOU USE THIS VI EACH TIME BEFORE DOWNLOADING THE WAVEFORMS FLCWFG Waveform Editor vi This is an application example that enables you to make selections on a graph scale and step values dynamically and set trigger or c bit information FLCWFG Waveform Player vi This is an application example with which you can open a file scale it and send it to the generator 7 14 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden WINDOWS SHORTCUTS In ad
81. ments any PC running Windows95 98 NT 2000 ME XP having a free serial port and a color monitor of at least 800x600 resolution Minimum requirements any Macintosh with a serial port acting as printer or modem port running MacOS 7 or higher including MacOS X in Classic mode and at least 10Mb free RAM Free download of all software for the waveform generator from the Company s web site http www flce se FLC Electronics AB Sweden INTRODUCTION Warranty WARRANTY HON BOB BOB BOB N O OB BOB B BOB BOB B BO HOW FLC Electronics warrants that this product will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of two years from the date of the shipment If any such product proves defective during this warranty period FLC Electronics at 1ts option either will repair the defective product without charge for parts and labour or will provide a replacement for the defective product In order to obtain service under this warranty Customer must notify FLC Electronics of the defect before the expiration of the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the performance of the service Customer shall be responsible for packing and shipping the defective product to the service center designed by FLC Electronics with shipping charges prepaid FLC Electronics shall pay for the return of the product to the Customer if the shipme
82. mn of pulses simultaneously you can first transpose the array and then wire it to a for loop To view the data in a graph use FLCWFG Build Graph Data vi to obtain the correct LabVIEW format for graphs set the graph to square interpolation with the jump on the fist point or copy it from the VI HANDLING WAVEFORM DATA E BE BE HE BE EB BE One of the major differences with working with the 2D arrays and the full data clusters is that the timing is in true values We recommend that you use microseconds throughout your programs and convert appropriately when desired In doing so one will encounter situations where a pulse as entered in the 2D array can no longer be represented by a single slot on the generator As an example consider that you have selected 10MHz clock and want to create a pulse of 5 ms that is 50000 clock units then one needs to split this pulse into two slots As a user you do not want to be bothered with this and hence FLCWFG Partition Raw data vi does the job for you A situation as described above can appear quite easily when you scale timing data which can be done with FLCWFG Scale Data vi This VI takes a set of scaling factors and changes the 2D data accordingly but be sure to partition the data before you mold it back into a full data cluster which is needed for downloading operations Tirne Unit Trigger c bit gt LOADING WAVEFORMS INTO THE GENERATOR B HE
83. n empty This vi will increment all data points at the index selection positions with the add step value To select timing wire O to the timing waveform control another value represents the subsequent rows of waveforms in the data array When the option symmetric adding is true the vi will add the step when the data is positive and subtract it when it is negative This allows for setting the amplitude of the selected pulses as in a frequency generator no additional offset will be created FLCWFG Assign Channels vi waveform Marnels Channels 1 to 17 YISA session dup VISA session ri error in no error eee LE o error out This vi opens a pop up panel in which you must assign each available channel a waveform or action The vi probes automatically which channels are available on the generator connected to the VISA reference The input array of strings Waveform name s 1s in principle unlimited This means that you can not only pass the physical waveforms themselves but also actions related to that string The output channel data contains as much elements as the waveform name s input If elements are added for actions e g as is or set zero this must be detected afterwards and these elements should be removed from the channel data before they are replaced in the waveform cluster The input Channels can be used to preload a choice of the channels If the given channel a
84. n 5 or higher of the controller SPECIAL COMMANDS Direction Data Description A ASCII character T repeated twice transmit Rx TT see the description of the status record receive 10 status bytes total number of bytes to receive 12 bytes Direction Data Description E EH EH EH NH NH BN B BN NS NH NS NE BH B B BH A d Tx bytel State see the description of the State record byte2 ErrCode total number of bytes to receive 2 bytes not echoed FLC Electronics AB Sweden Using WFG600 C 1 C COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL Commands not containing data Ready for communication Direction Data Description NH UN OU UON HON B ONE B B BO B BOB HORN Bd I Tx once only Rx one of the following Q ok to communicate D expecting the status command error send T to cancel error flag or none busy Reset the generator Direction Data Description DAA A Tx COMMANDS CONTAINING DATA run R stop S normal burst e G burstand invert B all waveforms end of data e F ends L W commands transfer Example Direction Data Description E EH EH NH E E E E E RE EE EBE EE E E E E E E E E E E dH Tx R R send 2 bytes Rx
85. n the picture above 100 units correspond to 10 volts as you can see in the maximum amplitude control panel Click on an arrow symbol to increase or decrease this value in 1V steps or 0 1 V steps if you press an option key You can also click on the digital display and type a new value directly in a dialog which will come up If you now click on the pop up menu the rectangle with a shadow you may change units to volts and the superposition waveform will be calculated according to max amplitude values for both waveforms note the color change In the timing control you have more possibilities You can read the pulse width in units or ms Not all the choices are available at the same time They depend on the choice of the time base clock which you select using the TIMING menu 2 6 Using WFG500 FLC Electronics AB Sweden TUTORIAL Drawing pulses Please notice the small symbol between the up and down arrows above the time display Normally it resembles a waveform If you click on it it changes to a symbol presenting a width of one pulse File Edit View Goto Waveform Pulse Timing Coupling Output 2 KH 55 2 h Bras FE waveform 1 waveform 2 20 us PULSE 5 This symbol tells you what will change when you click on one of the arrows or the digital display In the case as above when one pulse width symbol is shown you will change the width of the selected pulse only or the first pu
86. n the program refuses to place the amplitude bar exactly where you want it check what happens with other pulses in the coupling chain Amplitude Promote to master Move the master properties over to the selected slave pulse The waveforms will not change the name will not change but the colors of the pulses will interchange indicating the transfer of the properties Use this menu command if you wish to delete cut or clear a sequence containing a master or paste over it and the program does not allow this Amplitude Clear coupling Erase the coupling of this slave pulse to 1ts master Amplitude Couple selection Couple together the selection of pulses creating a new coupling chain preserving the current relations between pulse amplitudes The first pulse in the selection becomes a master Pulses with zero amplitude will not be included in the chain hence 1f the first pulse 1s zero 1t will be excluded from the selection Amplitude Connect masters Join two coupling chains Amplitude Append selection Timing Set master Timing Couple to Append the selected pulses to an existing coupling chain chosen from dialog Make the selected slot a width reference You will be prompted to give it a name The default name consists of the text TauMaster1 You may change the name later using RENAME MASTER hierarchical menu The color of the pulse changes to red Note th
87. ne and make sure that the red frame surrounds the A letter Choose COUPLING gt SET MASTER AMPLITUDE and the dialog will be displayed asking you to type a name for this master pulse File Edit View Goto Waveform Pulse Timing 2 Untitled give a name to this MASTER pulse 55 2 O the first masten Bas EH 10 0 _ 7 waveform 1 All slave pulses will follow the master in the way defined by their coupling parameters A 28 7 26 7 B 2 D vs PULSE 1 Type a name like the first master as in the example and click OK Now go to the pulse number 4 and choose COUPLE TO from the same menu or press cmd K You will see another dialog It has a pop up menu to choose the master and two edit fields to write the equation describing the relation between this slave pulse and its master amp File Edit View Goto Waveform Pulse Timing 2 4 untitled The amplitude of this pulse will follow the amplitude af the master pulse the first master If you type the factor 1 as in this example the pulse number 5 will be a counter pulse of the pulse number 1 Click OK and try to change the amplitude of the master or the slave pulse to see how they follow each other http www fice se Using WFG500 2 9 2 TUTORIAL File Edit View Goto Waveform Pulse Timing Coupling Output 7
88. ng Output 2 20 PULSE 5 Please notice that the display has scrolled to make the selected pulse number 5 well visible Before proceeding to the next chapter scroll 1t back to the first pulse by using the scroll bar or the menu GOTO gt START or by pressing command left cursor USING COUPLINGS BETWEEN PULSES BON BOB HON HB OH BOB B B B BH B B ee eee ee E B BH BE ee ee ee E BE BE E BE HEB RR OR OH d d d Quite often it is necessary to change parameters of many pulse at the same time Doing it by hand one by one would not be a nice solution Let the computer do the job All you need is to describe the relations between these pulses And you can do it using the COUPLING menu It works in the following way let us start with the amplitudes the timing is analogous First you have to choose a reference pulse we call it a master Next you make another pulse to be this master s slave and define the function for its amplitude Aslave Amaster factor offset 2 8 Using WFG500 FLC Electronics AB Sweden TUTORIAL Using couplings between pulses You can create many masters and each of them may have many slaves There is no limit on their number nor on their placement different waveforms even those not seen on the screen Let us make the pulse number in the A waveform a master amplitude If this pulse is not selected click on it in the superposition pa
89. nt is to a location within the country in which the FLC Electronics service center is located Customer shall be responsible for paying all shipping charges duties taxes and any other charges for products returned to any other locations This warranty shall not apply to any defect failure or damage caused by improper use or inadequate maintenance and care FLC Electronics shall not be obligated to furnish service under this warranty a to repair damage resulting from attempts by personnel other than FLC Electronics representatives to install repair or service the product b to repair damage resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible equipment c to service a product that has been modified or integrated with other products when the effect of such modification or integration increases the time or difficulty of servicing the product This warranty is given by the FLC Electronics with respect to this product in lieu of any other warranties expressed or implied FLC Electronics and its vendors disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose FLC Electronics responsibility to repair or replace defective products is sole and exclusive remedy provided to the customer for breach of this warranty FLC Electronics and its vendors will not be liable for any indirect special advance notice of the possibility of such damages The instrument may generate hazardous voltage levels It should be op
90. nts and forcing the modules to make corresponding change in their data selector blocks Swapping does not cause any delay The relation between the microprocessor address lines and the address inputs of the memory circuits is not straightforward The microprocessor s lowest address line AO is used as Low High Byte control signal which activates one of the two memory circuits The memories address inputs are thus shifted up by one bit and the RAM AO inputs are connected to the microprocessor s Al line _ 1 to A2 and so on Since the memories on all modules occupy the same address space the microprocessor has to use the module access selector functional block to aid choosing the desired memory circuit to communicate with The specific memory circuit is thus chosen by three signals module select the board swap the memory set and low high byte the circuit The data may be written into a few modules at once if so desired While one memory set is associated with the microprocessor the second one gets its addresses from the scanning counter which counts from zero upwards The counter is driven by the scanning clock delivered by the timing module The value generated by the scanning counter is compared with the address of the last waveform pulse data stored in a top address register When the end of the waveform is reached the comparator sends the equal signal to the control logic block which in turn checks if t
91. ommand below You may copy a master and the copied pulse will automatically become its slave equal in size Amplitude Couple to Couple the selected pulse to a reference pulse make it a slave pulse Invokes a dialog where have to chose a master using a pop up menu and type the coupling parameters multiplication and offset Its amplitude will from now on follow the equation n Amaster Offset The default is n 1 and offset 0 When a coupled pulse is altered the software readjusts the amplitude of the master pulse propagates the change to all members of the coupling chain coupled pulses may be in different waveforms even those not shown on the screen and 3 10 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden THE MENUS Coupling finally transmits the appropriate Information to the waveform generator if connected and in auto mode The color of the coupled pulse changes to blue A slave can be created by simply executing DUPLICATE or COPY PASTE commands on a master pulse The slave created in such way will have the same amplitude as its master To obtain an inverted master invoke INVERT SELECTION command ctrl F5 If changing an amplitude of a coupled pulse should cause that another coupled pulse runs out of range the amplitude of the current pulse will be readjusted in order to keep all amplitudes within limits So do not get angry whe
92. or on PC use the right click to drag the pulse width Change the amplitude of the whole waveform using max and controls at right hand side of the screen Change the waveform frequency using the timing control at the bottom right The display shows the width of the selected pulse The remaining pulses are scaled proportionally 1 4 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden 10 Run self test Red ERROR LED is on INTRODUCTION Troubleshooting e Click on the icon next to the timing control Its picture changes from waveform to single pulse The width control concerns now the selected pulse only End the signal generation e Use menu OUT gt STOP or click on STOP button in order to stop the generator When the data is loaded to the generator it can be started simply by clicking on RUN button or using menu OUT gt RUN More advanced functions or described in the Tutorial Chapter TROUBLESHOOTING Press and keep the RESET button on the generator Observe the LED diodes The six LEDs in the control module should light on and none in the other modules Release the RESET button Observe the LED diodes LED diodes on all modules will sequentially blink and then all LEDs should be off This means that the generator has successfully performed the self test and is ready for operation If this test fails contact the manufacturer e There was a communication error probably caused by an unex
93. ormation in a LabVIEW program therefore a translator is provided FLCWFG File Data Translator vi that will create a cluster containing all necessary information for handling the waveforms It is such a cluster which is send ready that is all information to unambiguously send the data to the generator As mentioned above the best way to handle the real data is in a 2D array FLCWFG Unmold Data vi does just this starting from the full data cluster Once you have a 2D array you are ready to perform all sorts of operations on it In addition to the data array an array containing all trigger bit and control bit information with the same dimension as the data array is available as well as arrays containing the waveform names and http www fice se Using WFG600 7 3 LABVIEW TOOLBOX LIBRARY Call chain for scaling and molding 7 4 Using WFG600 open a file and extract reform the data into an all information easy to handle 2D array create a full data cluster for the waveforms from the file data there channel data and the time unit used for these waveforms e g 0 1 us for the 10 MHz clock The data array is structured as rows that is the first row first index 0 contains the timing data in microseconds all subsequent rows contain the voltage data of a waveform The above layout of the data array makes it possible to access timing and individual waveforms subsequently by wiring it to a for loop Should you wish to access a colu
94. pected command sent to the generator It may occur 1f the generator was reset and the computer program was not notified Execute OUT gt CONFIGURE CHANNELS command to cancel the error If the problem persists reset the generator and invoke the OUT gt DISCONNECT command e If you always get an error then check the communications speed You need a software communicating at 57600 baud Older instruments require 19200 baud Do not forget to Select the baud rate in FILE gt PREFERENCES If the error occurs in response to a certain function in the software you might need a firmware update Please contact FLC Electronics AB TIME OUT message when trying to communicate Observe the yellow BUSY LED on the control panel while executing OUT gt CONFIGURE CHANNELS command it should briefly light on If there is no light blink check the cable and port connections The new WFG600 uses PC standard modem cable pinout One universal cable with both PC and Mac contacts is supplied together with the instrument A standard straight serial cable can also be used here for example a home made cable made with Dsub 9 connectors pressed on a flat cable The WFG400 and some older versions of WFG500 used a Macintosh standard printer cable pinout Two cables were supplied with the instrument Please use the supplied serial communication cable since a standard PC cable will not work http www fice se Using WFG600 1 5 I INTRODUCTIO
95. rator select external triggering on the oscilloscope If you now change the phase of the waveform in the cluster and click UPDATE you will see the waveform roll left or right This is because the application VI also sets a trigger point at the first point of the waveform Click STOP to stop signal generation on the generator Click END PROGRAM to end this example VI LCWFG500 Getting Started vi This VI shows how to use the Application VI and other driver VI s in this library When running it first initializes the serial port configures the clock calls the Application VI which will send a waveform to the generator see LCWFG500 Application vi for more information 6 4 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden LCWFG500 Initialize vi LABVIEW CORE DRIVER LIBRARY 500 core library contents and sends the run command It finishes by calling the Error Query VI the Error Message VI and then closes the VISA session on the serial port session Reset Don t Reset error out error in no error ex This VI will initialize the serial port you have specified in the instrument descriptor you can reset the generator by wiring true to the reset input An identification query is not supported by the WFG500 and setting this input to true will set the ID Query not supported warning in the error cluster This VI sets all necessary serial parameters LCWFG500 Insert Range vi
96. reen volts time units pop up choose between arbitrary units default and menu ms Waveform A or Alt drag pulse boundary or pulse width opposite Waveform B display action to the setting chosen in the Timing menu Superposition Shift extend pulse selection display Right click in Modifier Action NH ONE B NH NH E RE ER E E E E RE B HB EB HON ee B NS ee ee B BH HB S ee ee A NS NS BN B dg Waveform A or drag pulse width or pulse boundary according Waveform B display to the setting chosen in the Timing menu FLC Electronics AB Sweden Using WFG600 1 A WINDOWS SHORTCUTS Keyboard KEYBOARD EE BOB BON BOB BOB BONS BH RE E RE R EBE HOH BH EE EBE E HH RH RR RR OR d od Key Modifier Action E EH l EH E E E BOB HON NH ONU E E E BE HB RE RE E E BE E A space set remove trigger point Left right arrow move pulse selection left and right Up down arrow changes the waveform selection A or B Left right arrow Control Jump with trigger between marked pulses Left right arrow Control Alt roll waveform Left right arrow Shift Control Alt roll selection A 2 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden MACINTOSH SHORTCUTS In addition to the command key sequences shown next to menu items there exist shortcuts listed in the tables below The modifier keys Command Option Control Shi
97. rmation about waveforms and timing What actually is sent to the generator can be controlled with the boolean array Send It should contain the number off wavefroms 1 elements The first element of that array controls the timing If an element is true the corresponding waveform or timing will be sent If it is left unwired the timing and the first eight waveforms will be sent This vi actually translates functionality already available in the Core Library but is added here to ensure compatibility with previous posted beta versions and examples therein FLCWFG File Data Translator vi File Data This vi translates data obtained from a file to a convenient LabView cluster This version October 2000 does not yet contain the coupling data it will be added as a separate cluster in a later version If the file indicates that the software clock must be used the data in reserved 1 contains the time unit in microseconds 1000 35000 If this is O a pop up window will appear prompting you to enter the value of the time unit FLCWFG File Export vi canceled 7 10 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden LABVIEW TOOLBOX LIBRARY Alphabetic index This vi exports a full data cluster to a wfe file which can be read by the other programs Data which is not relevant in LabView has been set to a default value If you replace an existing file then all coupling data will be lost as the current version does not yet support coupling
98. roller module time base and a number of output channels The microprocessor CPU with the computer interface is separated from the waveform synthesis hardware and communicates with it using only two flags RUN and SWAP The latter causes the in terchange swap of memory banks 1 12 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden INTRODUCTION Circuit Description Mathematical relations between pulses in the waveforms and between different time steps can be programmed in to avoid repeated manual adjustments of many pulses each time the waveforms should be altered The waveforms may also be grouped for simultaneous amplitude adjustments as for example row and column electrodes General Concept Undisturbed waveform modification during operation is based on the incorporation of two memory sets When the data from one memory set are used for the waveform synthesis the other memory set can be freely updated After successful updating the memory sets are interchanged swapped immediately after completing the generation of the old waveform It is thus possible to consider the waveform generator as consisting of two fairly independent parts a microprocessor system associated with one memory set and a hardware controlled waveform synthesis circuitry Figure 1 Here the second memory set is scanned by an address counter at a rate defined by the timing module Obtained data are then transformed into a corresponding voltage level by a digi
99. rray 18 non unique e g a channel is assigned twice or more the last in order will be pre loaded FLCWFG Build Graph Data vi Data Cempty pet Sri graph data This vi prepares the data in such a way that it can be displayed in an xy graph An extra 0 0 element is added to each waveform in order to be able to show the data in the graph in a correct manner The interpolation style of the plot should be set to squaring with the transition on the first point or just choose create indicator when you wire the output of this vi http www fice se Using WFG600 7 9 7 LABVIEW TOOLBOX LIBRARY Alphabetic index FLCWFG Build Picture Data vi plots Data empty bald 22 2 Starting from the array Data this v1 will create the necessary output to create plot of the waveforms such that it can be build up with line segments in a picture FLCWFG Clock Pop Up vi Boolean time unit pz This vi is a pop up window that may be called to set the time unit The FLCWFG Waveform Check vi calls this window if the data contains an incorrect time unit FLCWFG Download Waveforms vi Send timing and 8 waveforms VIS Session Full Data error in no error s S dup VISA session error out This vi uses the vis contained in the Core Library LCWFG500 llb to send the data to the waveform generator The cluster full data contains all necessary info
100. running error in error un 3 pene error out This VI will issue a run command to the generator if it is ready to run and not already running If the Generator was not ready to accept run e g not enough or no data stored then this warning will appear in the error cluster The actual state of the generator is returned through the output running LCWFG500 Self Test vi VISA session dup VISA session Self Test Error y Self Test Response Loa error out error in no error This is a mandatory utility VI for instrument drivers However the WFG500 generator does not support a self test command The WFG300 always performs a self test at startup Calling this VI will place the Self test not supported warning in the error cluster This VI is only added to comply to National Instruments strict standards for inclusion of this driver into the IDL Instrument Driver Library LCWFG500 Send Data vi Channels 1 through 2 seper C bits empty no c bitz Waveforms empty wavefo VIS session Timing empty no timing Triggers empty no triggers error in no error dup VISA session error out This is a VI which takes care for sending entire waveforms timing c bit information and trigger information to the generator Timing 15 passed to this VI as a 1D array where each element represents a pulse and its value 2 32767 1s the length of that pulse in basic clock units e g 1 ys for 1 MH
101. s FLCWFG File Filter vi File Path dialog if empty iG E canceled This vi opens and translates a file created with the FLC Electronics program for the WFG waveform generator The output is a cluster containing all necessary data for reconstruction Translation of the coupling data will be added in later versions FLCWFG Find Index by Time vi This vi finds the index column in the array Data of the pulse which is active at a given time FLCWFG Frequency generator vi This is an application program that simulates a frequency phase generator FLCWFG Make Picture vi Settings eua Draw Area Size eua feo Data Plot Nurnber qu origin picture out High Light scale This vi constructs a picture of the supplied Data which may be viewed in a picture indicator It also supplies origin and scale data which can be used for on picture editing FLCWFG Mold Data vi waveform Marnels Time Unit pz full data Trigger c bit Channel Data http www fice se Using WFG600 7 11 LABVIEW TOOLBOX LIBRARY Alphabetic index This vi takes correct unitized and partitioned data and reshapes it into a full data cluster which can be used directly for sending to the generator use FLCWFG Partion Raw Data vi to convert raw data into a suitable format for the WFG 500 FLCWFG Mouse Position to VT vi House Pos km z
102. s marked A and B respectively may simultaneously be designed since we are usually interested in the relation between row and column signals For the same reason the superposition of these two waveforms A B or B A corresponding to the effective driving voltage seen by the liquid crystal cell is presented for the reference in a quarter scale on the upper part of the screen The optional thin vertical lines mark here the line addressing periods The waveforms to be displayed on the screen are chosen via pop up menus The text on the menu button consists of the associated output channel number and the waveform name The pulses may be created or altered either by the usual point click and drag method cursor or by entering the desired value from the keyboard A grid may be defined to facilitate the editing operation The timing information is drawn in the lower part of the screen Short vertical lines mark the time slots The widths of the pulses may be altered in the same way as their amplitudes Additionally the boundary between two time slots may be moved An arbitrarily placed oscilloscope trigger signal marked as a small triangle is also visible here Since the waveforms are normally much longer than the available window size a scroll bar is provided at the bottom of the window The Goto menu assists in finding the desired waveform step Pulses sequences and entire waveforms may be copied cut pasted cleared deleted and
103. s of the generator The output of the summation module is low voltage in the range 10V low power and intended for oscilloscope only http www fice se Using WFG600 1 15 1 INTRODUCTION ws Programmable Logic Design All digital logic is Incorporated into programmable logic devices CPLDs from Lattice Options The generator is controlled through a standard serial interface and different computers or programs may be used in order to adapt the system to specific requirements The communication protocol and commands are described at the end of this manual This allows also to control the generator using LabView or similar software It is advisable to contact FLC Electronics AB flce flce se for the latest listing before programing a dedicated driver Do not hesitate to contact the company when specific needs arise as 1t may be possible to adapt the software or hardware of the generator THE SOFTWARE Overview The software has initially been written for Macintosh computer and then translated to the PC Windows environment It has its origin in the liquid crystal research The waveform generator is designed to be as straightforward to work with as possible but containing all the features we found helpful in addressing of liquid crystal displays The snapshot of the Windows screen indicates the important functional parts of the program Macintosh screen is analogous and can be seen in the Tutorial Chapter of this manual Two waveform
104. second index equals number of pulses 1 12287 You should take care that the number of pulses is equal to the size of the Timing array otherwise incorrect rendering of the waveforms on the generator may occur If you leave the Trigger array unwired or empty no trigger point will be set 1f you leave C bits unwired or empty no c bit will be set If you leave Timing unwired or empty no timing data including triggers will be sent If you leave Waveforms unwired or empty than no waveform data including c bits will be sent On the other hand if you leave Channels unwired the VI will send waveforms to individual channels starting from 1 up to eight provided that Waveforms 1s not empty You should reconfigure the clock after calling this VI 1f the generator was running When the generator is running the amount of data that can be sent is reduced The actual amount that can be sent is about 7000 individual pulses if only one waveform and timing is sent If you need to sent more data you should first stop the generator and set it to run after loading all the data LCWFG500 Send Multiple Times vi Triggers Times VISA session Addresses error in error dup VISA session error out This VI allows you to change time values and triggers of the timing data which is already stored in the generator You specify arrays containing addresses time values in basic clock units 2 32767 and trigger data The address is given as a pulse number 1 being
105. tal to analog converter DAC and a series of operational amplifiers Waveforms are not synthesized from equidistant points Instead there is a 15 bit width data associated with each pulse number Controller Module The central device in the controller module is a Motorola 68HC11F1CFN4 microprocessor It communicates with the host computer by a standard serial port Received commands and data are used to update the currently associated memory on the designated module or modules They are also stored in the 32k byte own note pad memory since identical updating must later be performed on the other memory set READ WRITE BIDIRECTIONAL DATA BUS TIMER CHANNEL 1 MODULE ACCESS TOP SELECTOR MICROPRO ADDRESS CHANNEL 8 RS232 CESSOR REGISTER 2 amp CLOCK amp CONTROL EQUAL MEMORY ZERO MEMORY 1 JN TO ADDRESS BUS CLOCK ADDRESS BUS MEMORY 2 SELECTOR ADDRESS BUS MICROPROCESSOR ADDRESS BUS LOW HIGH BYTE EXTERNAL CLOCK SCANNING CLOCK EXTERNAL TRIGGER TIME BASE CLOCK DONE SWAP RUN STOP Figure 2 Block scheme of the controller module http www fice se Using WFG600 1 13 1 INTRODUCTION Circuit Description Both memory sets have separate address busses The address bus selector block connects one of them to the microprocessor s address bus and the other to the scanning counter The memory swapping is performed by interchanging the above address bus assignme
106. te a remote reset of the generator The default setup is sent after resetting LCWFG500 Revision Query vi VISA session dup VISA session Instr Driver Revision q Instr Firmware Revision s error out error in error This VI queries the current instrument firmware revision and instrument driver revision This Instrument Driver s Revision number is Rev 1 0 May 2001 LV 6 0 2 and is compatible with Instrument Firmware Revision 128 http www flce se Using WFG600 6 5 LABVIEW CORE DRIVER LIBRARY LCWFG3500 llb core library contents WFG500 high voltage waveform generator Created By FLC Electronics Release Date May 2001 Originally Developed in LabVIEW Version 6 0 2 Originally Developed in Firmware Revision 128 LCWFG500 Roll Waveform vi Channel 13 Step count 1 Directian CF left VISA session dup VISA session error in error error out With this VI you can roll waveforms stored in the generator over a specified amount of steps pulses You specify the Direction F left default T right and the amount of steps in Step count 1 12287 You also need to specify the channel byte this is a number which represents the binary translation of the eight possible channels a true will address that channel e g 2 00000010 selects channel 2 only 131 10000011 selects channel 8 2 and 1 etc Only the selected channels will be affected LCWFG500 Run vi VISA session dup VISA session Be
107. the row selection sequences as shown and place a trigger point before calling the BUILD ADDRESSING SCHEME dialog The default values will then be set properly Build 4x4 matrix addressing scheme A DATA SEQUENCES SELECTION there are 4 pulses Sequence from to 15 sequences are defined set trigger in number 2 Al 1 line at a time static row waveforms Reapeat background sub frame times BUILD OPTIONS length 384 control windows z El Choose data frame file Look in Waveforms Name Size Amalfi waveforms Folder El rolling 11 segs in 8 cws 1KB CWS File amp rolling 16 segs in 16 cws 3KB CWS File File name rolling 16 segs in 16 cws Files of type CWS files cws and the created waveforms will be transmitted to the Waveform Generator The above will work if there are exactly 2 waveforms defined FLC Electronics AB Sweden MATRIX The cws file If there are exactly 3 waveforms then the program assumes that the row waveforms in odd and even frames are different The waveform will define the odd frame and the hidden waveform will define the even frame For example 90 0 H 30 0 50 0 Build 4x4 matrix addressing scheme 3 A DATA SEQUENCES B SELECTION El there are 4 pulses sequence from Cw 2 to 115 23 6 sequences are defined set trigger in number 2 4
108. the generator and starts 1t You may also exit the dialog without starting or sending data This command will also cancel the red error LED on the controller panel if such 15 turned on Use this command to cancel the red error LED on the controller panel http www flce se Using WFG600 3 13 3 THE MENUS Out Disconnect Terminate connection with the generator Useful to inform the program that the generator has been reseted and also to inhibit updating the generator memories when a large number of changes are about to be performed and the generator should not follow alternatively switch the updating mode to manual Run ctri R The same as RUN button Start the generation of the waveforms It is enabled only when the data has been downloaded to the generator Stop ctri H The same as STOP button Terminate the generation of the waveforms after the end of the current scan Send all ctri E Same as SEND ALL button Send all data to the generator After execution of this command the RUN command will be enabled If you chose this command when the generator is running 1t will be stopped all data downloaded and the generator restarted Update now Use this command to update the data in the generator if the MANUAL UPDATE mode is chosen Auto update All changes you make to the waveforms will immediately be transmitted to the generator if a contact has been established and all data downloaded This is t
109. to a pulse containing the oscilloscope trigger point This menu is active 1f there 1s a trigger point and only one trigger point at a time is allowed the default setting Master pulse If you have coupled pulses or time slots you can scroll the display to a chosen reference 1 master pulse End ctrI HOME The waveform display will be scrolled to the last pulse and the last pulse will be selected WAVEFORM Add new waveform ctri N Put a new empty waveform into the selected display A or B The waveform currently present there will be hidden and you may access it again via pop up menus on the right margin of the window or via tabs at the bottom of the window Use gt WAVEFORM to undo Remove waveform Remove and delete the selected waveform Replace it with a first available from the waveform list or a new empty one Cannot be UNDONE Edit name ctri L Change the name of the active waveform Max amplitude Calls a dialog to set the maximum amplitude of the selected waveform in volts that corresponds to 100 units full scale of the amplitude Same result can be achieved by clicking in the max amplitude display and typing a value 3 6 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden Group waveforms Set amplitude limit Functions gt Ramp THE MENUS Pulse To fine tune the value use up down arrow buttons on the right hand side of the display They
110. tton and drag to the right The 2 4 Using WFG500 FLC Electronics AB Sweden TUTORIAL Drawing pulses marching ants pattern will show the selection There are two other ways to make a selection read the description of the PULSE menu Choose EDIT gt COPY or press cmd C Click on the B letter or anywhere to the left from Y axis of the B waveform to select the B waveform Pressing a down arrow key would also select the B waveform Choose EDIT gt PASTE or press cmd V Your screen might now look like this File Edit Goto Waveform Pulse Timing Coupling Output 7 FU Rag EH 10 0 F Bray EH 10 0 7 waveform 1 7 waveform 2 OK that was simple But there is a snag in it the copy always contains both the information about amplitudes and about the timing Since we pasted the selection at the same place only in the other waveform there was no problem because there was no difference in timing If we now paste our 4 pulses over the pulses to 4 the widths of pulses in the copy and waveform differs and we must decide what to keep The default setting as you start the program is to override without asking both the existing amplitude and the existing timing Do not worry the paste command can be undone You may choose to override only the amplitude or only the timing or to be asked each time call PREFERENCES dialog from the EDIT menu to do this With the default settings you would get
111. ttp www flce se Using WFG600 1 11 1 INTRODUCTION Circuit Description CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION Introduction The Waveform Generator has its origin in the research work on liquid crystals It is thus optimized to produce simultaneously in many channels trains of pulses each having its own duration polarity and amplitude value Typical arbitrary waveform generators are not well suited to this task since they were designed with quite different application in mind generation of advanced analog functions usually in one channel and at low voltage Frequency and amplitude of such signals may be changed easily but there is no easy and safe for the connected device way to alter the pulse trains during operation The generator has 8 channels and a common time base The minimum pulse width is 200ns and the maximum amplitude is 100 volts The resolutions 100ns and 50mV respectively The generator is controlled by a Macintosh or a PC Windows computer taking advantage of the user friendly operating system The waveform generator has the ability to change the applied waveforms during operation without transients It has been accomplished by doubling the memory COMPUTER INTERFACE OUT 8 NEXT SCANNING Puse COUNTER MEMORY 2 c NB aum E x MEMORY 2 TIME BASE CONTROLLER OUTPUT MODULE MODULE CHANNELS Figure 1 The functional concept of the waveform generator It consists of the cont
112. will be generated Avoid frames shorter than about 500 Script Roll Programmable burst mode with waveform rolling described in separate Chapter Matrix mode The mode corresponding to the MATRIX menu which is described in separate Chapter Computer in control The RUN and STOP commands control the generator This is the default choice External triggering The generator is controlled by the signal supplied to the X TRG input on the front panel of the Control module High level TTL compatible corresponds to the RUN command and low level to the STOP command Special Force reset It is possible to reset the generator by a menu command The advantage of this feature is that the program becomes aware that the generator has been restarted and adjusts its menus accordingly Special Firmware revision Displays the revision number of the microprocessor software stored in controller s read only memory HELP Start the default browser and access documentation manuals and FLC Electronics web site Menu help Fi Starts your default browser and searches for a folder named Help in the same directory where the waveform_generator exe file resides It then tries to open file index html in this folder If not successful then tries to reach FLC Electronics AB server on internet http www fice se Using WFG600 3 15 3 THE MENUS EA Manuals Starts your default browser and searches for a folder
113. will not move You will be prompted for the direction and number of pulses First time you use the keyboard shortcut a dialog will ask you the number of steps and that number will then be used until you invoke the command from the menu not from shortcut Choose ROLL SELECTION from the menu to get the dialog again Example roll right by 2 pulses means that the following operation will be performed twice the last pulse will be moved to the first position and the remaining pulses will be shifted right by one slot Roll waveform ctrl alt left right arrow Roll the active waveform to the left or right Only the amplitudes will be shifted the timing will not move You will be prompted for the direction and number of pulses First time you use the keyboard shortcut a dialog will ask you the number of steps and that number will then be used until you invoke the command from the menu not from shortcut Choose ROLL SELECTION from the menu to get the dialog again Example roll right by 2 pulses means that the following operation will be performed twice the last pulse will be moved to the first position and the remaining pulses will be shifted right by one slot Paste preferences Call the dialog to set the way the PASTE command should be performed you can paste amplitudes or timing information or both You may also chose to be asked before each paste VIEW Pixel Control the presentation of the superposition wave
114. y drag it far you might encounter another limit at 32000 units which is the maximum pulse width allowed by the generator hardware Click now in the B pane to the right of the pulse end You will create a new pulse there Observe that the red frame surrounding the letter A has now jumped to B This symbol tells you which of the two waveforms is active it is important if you for example want to copy the current selection of pulses you take them from the active waveform Try now to draw a screen like this 2 2 Using WFG500 FLC Electronics AB Sweden TUTORIAL Drawing pulses File Edit View Goto Waveform Pulse Timing Coupling Output 7 current selection __ m cursor 42 42 Oe E unis PULSE 4 The last click created the pulse number 4 in the A pane The current selection is shown by an animated pattern called marching ants on the Mac and a grey box in Windows Remember if you click on the existing pulse you will change its amplitude If you click to the right of the last pulse you will create a new one You know also that if you drag the pulse boundary marker you will change the width Try now to drag such marker with the option key pressed Notice a change in the cursor shape You are now moving the boundary between two pulses see fig on the next page If you are not happy with the new width or amplitude of the pulse just select Undo from the Edit menu
115. z clock or 0 1 ys for 10 MHz clock Together with the array containing the trigger information the correct string is distilled and sent to the generator the same goes for the 2D array Waveforms together with the 2D C bits array and the 1D Channels array If the Trigger array contains less elements than the Timing array it will be filled up with extra false no trigger elements when it contains more elements it will be truncated to the length 1 12287 of Timing The same applies to the C bits array with the Waveforms array whose data values represent voltages 100 100 with 0 05 V resolution The Channels array should have the same size as the size along the first index of the Waveforms array 1 e number of waveforms If it contains more elements it will be truncated if it contains less elements it becomes dominant and only those waveforms with a corresponding element in the channels 6 6 Using WFG600 FLC Electronics AB Sweden LABVIEW CORE DRIVER LIBRARY 500 core library contents array will be sent Valid values for elements of the Channels array are numbers that represents the binary translation of the eight possible channels will address that channel e g 16 00010000 selects channel 5 only 7 00000111 selects channel 1 2 and 3 etc Only the selected channels will be affected The correct interpretation of the indices of both Waveforms and C bits arrays are first index equals number of waveforms 1 8

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