Brain Machine - Adafruit Learning System
Contents
1. If it doesn t fit turn it 90 degrees It should snap into place and sit flat against the circuit board Solder in all four legs of the button Use plenty of solder because the button needs to be strongly attached to the PCB or it won t work You dont need to clip the leads of the button as they are already short Now we will place the chip socket A socket is a protector In case you want to replace the chip or it gets damaged or something it s important to have it in a socket That way you don t have to permanently solder in the chip The socket has a little U in one end The U should match the U in the silkscreen image printed on the PCB In this photo the U is on the right If you mess this up don t try to desolder the socket instead just keep going and remember that it is upside down later when it s time to install the chip the U is just to help you place the chip properly The socket doesn t have long leads to bend and it doesn t snap into place nicely You can tape it to the PCB or if you have sharp fingernails you can sort of bend two corners in and it ll keep in place while you solder Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 14 of 28 You might want to start by soldering two corner pins This keeps the socket on straight while you do the rest Solder all 8 of the pins of the socket Now we will do the big headphone jack This is the mechanical connection from the chip in2. Drill Either a hand drill cordless bench or whatever you ve got A 13 64 drill bit is perfect but a little larger is better than a little smaller https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 7 of 28 image missing image missing image missing H O t a i r You can get hot air from a hair dryer hot air gun or even a lighter be careful if you re using a lighter Hot Glue Gun Or white glue or even tape You ll need this to attach the paper to the glasses fix the LEDs in place etc Helping Third Hand With Magnifier Not absolutely necessary but will make things go much much faster and it will make soldering much easier Pick one up here http adafru it 291 Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 8 of 28 Parts list ve adafruit learning system Check your kit Check to make sure your kit comes with the following parts Sometimes we make mistakes so double check everything and email support adafruitcom if you need replacements Parts list Image Adafruit Industries Name Description Microcontroller IC1 preprogrammed when purchased in a kit IC1 8 pin socket X1 Stereo headphone jack https learn adafruit com brain machine Part information Qty ATTINY25V 10 PU unprogrammed 1 when not purchased from Adafruit Generic 1 STX 3100 5N 1 Page 9 of 28 R LED C L LED 5mm Diffused Red LED R3 RA 1 AW 596 47 ohm resist
3. LED in the left eye and the green blue LED in the right eye drill hole Be sure to push the LEDs into the glasses from the front so they will shine in to your eyes Use tape on the opposite side to keep the LEDs in place Use hot glue white glue epoxy silicone adhesive rubber cement or your adhesive of choice to glue the LEDs into place from the inside We think hot glue or epoxy will work best Superglue may not work be careful not to glue everything If necessary glue on the back outside as well especially if the hole is large enough that the shoulder of the LED goes through Now it s time to extend the battery pack We re going to stick the batteries on the right side arm of the glasses to balance out the PCB on the left Problem is the wires aren t long enough to reach all the Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 19 of 28 way So we re going to make wire extenders First thing cut two pieces of heatshrink at least 1 2 1 cm long and slip them onto the battery pack wires we ll use them later Zz Take the third wire pair red brown and strip tin it on both sides just like you did before in Solder the red wire to the red wire of the battery pack B Next solder the black wire to the brown wire Make sure the heat shrink is on the battery pack wires but out of the way so you don t accidentally heat them up before it s time E y Once the wires are
4. big mess about 2 extra length is sufficient I cut it a little shorter than necessary give yourself plenty of space Xm Cut trim split strip and tin the wires Then slide the Red wire through the hole marked positive plus and the Brown wire through the hole marked negative minus md Then bend the wires into the silver pads gt Solder the Red wire to and the Brown wire to You can do a quick test now by putting AAA s into the holder and the headphone into the headphone jack You should be able to hear the tones when you press the ON OFF button Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 21 of 28 D ad c Cut the Orange Yellow and Green Blue wires so that there is plenty of slack for them to reach the LED solder holes on the right edge of the PCB Be sure to have enough wire so that you can fold the arms of the glasses Cut trim split strip and tin the four wires Insert the wires as follows Yellow gt L Orange L Blue R Green gt R Use the same over under technique to place the wires This time don t solder them in yet We ll do a test to make sure we have the right polarity Insert AAA batteries and press the buton you should see both LEDs blink red If one does not blink try flipping the wires between the and pins in case it s in backwards If so just solder in the wires so that they work don t try to desolder the
5. on the left you can see the little black dot on the chip at the lower left and the text is right side up You may need to squeeze the pins together a little so that they slide into the socket When the chip is placed right it will seat nice and snug into the socket Optional if you think you would like to re program your Brain Machine s microcontroller solder in the 2x3 pin socker into the 6 pins marked ISP on the PCB e Be sure to place the short leads into the PCB Now you can do a test This test will check that what you ve done so far worked out e well Make sure you don t have batteries in the battery holder Take the battery holder red and black wires and thread them through the holes near the chip that say Battery next to them make sure the red goes in the hole nearer to the chip with a plus positive on it and the black wire goes through the hole nearer the chip with a minus negative Now bend the wires around so that the silver ends go through the solder pads right next to the holes Don t solder these in Just have them press fit there Click on the photo to the left if you need to see a bigger version of the photo Plug the headphones all the way into the jack Put the headphones on Put the two AAA batteries into the holder in the right way Now press the ON OFF button you should hear tones in both ears Now that you ve done the test remove the headphones Take out the batteries and put the battery holder awa
6. soldered slip the heatshrink so that it covers the soldered joints Then heat the heatshrink with something hot You can use a heat gun hairdryer ey soldering iron rub gently or even a lighter as long as you don t catch the whole thing on fire stay a few inches away c The heatshrink protects the wires and keeps them from shorting to each other It also makes the solder joint stronger Squeeze a big blob of hot glue on to the left arm of the glasses and stick the BP battery pack on making sure that the wires from the battery pack are facing the front of the glasses e IMPORTANT Fold the arms of the glasses before gluing in the following steps Use tape to attach the red brown orange yellow and blue green wires to the top edge of the glasses so they run together Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 20 of 28 As in the photo make sure that the arms of the glasses are folded and use your wd adhesive of choice to glue the wires to the top of the glasses The tape will keep the wires in place while the glue hardens Turn over the glasses we ll be gluing the PCB to the right arm but not yet me First we will solder the wire harness to the PCB m Start with the two power wires red brown Place the PCB on the arm maybe use tape to hold it in place and cut the red brown wire pair so that you have plenty of WS wire to solder it to the Battery terminals but not so much it s a
7. strip the wires twist them and finally tin them e First use the nippers to notch the orange yellow pair and tear them apart about 1 e 2cm Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 17 of 28 idm Strip the wires about 1 2 1cm away from the end using any kind of wire V strippers If you mess up and cut the middle wires just cut the wires short tear them apart and try again You have a lot of wire so there s plenty to practice with t Once you have the wires stripped twist them with your fingertips to keep the wire strands together CM N Now we will tin the ends of the wire Wire needs to be tinned to make good s contact Tinning basically means melting a little solder onto the wires before we attach it to something else It keeps the strands from flying around and also makes for better solder connection Ts We ll use a 3rd hand tool to hold the wires steady Melt a little solder onto the iron tip Use the soldering iron side to sweep the wire strands while also melting some more solder on You will see the solder wick into the strands and strengthen the wire Now we will wire up the LEDs that blink in front of the eyes LEDs are Light Emitting Diodes the light emitting part is pretty easy to understand The Diode part is a little more difficult but basically a diode is a component that only works one way e Like the capacitors we have to keep track of which pin is whic
8. the brain machine kit to a pair of standard 3 5mm headphones e The jack will only fit one way It may snap in or you may want to use a piece of tape to keep it in place You can also hold one finger against the jack while you solder a single pin Once one pin is soldered right you can continue The headphone pins are a bit long if you can clip them down a bit but cover the pins as you clip cause you don t want them flying into your eye e Next are the two electrolytic capacitors C1 and C2 These help smooth the output of the microcontroller audio generation to make it less squeaky o Electrolytic capacitors are polarized and must be placed correctly or the circuit will not work The longer lead is the positive one and must go into the pad marked with a as shown Once you ve placed the capacitors in the right way check them against the photo on the left you really want to make sure that the capacitors are in right or they won t work well Solder in the capacitors and clip the long wires Now we can place the microcontroller chip This chip holds the brain machine program and is burned in here at the Adafruit factory The chip has a small black dot in one corner This small dot should be positioned Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 15 of 28 towards the U in the socket if you placed the socket correctly Make sure that when the PCB is oriented as in the photo
9. LED After you ve tested the board remove the AAA batteries and solder in the four wires Cut the excess leads from the four wires Now we ll attach the PCB Spread some hotglue epoxy silicone adhesive etc on to the right arm Then press the PCB on so that there s enough wire slack for the glasses to fold If you like you may use the included zipties to help secure the PCB to the glasses OK you re done with building the Brain Machine kit now you can decorate it We included a trippy color graphics overlay for you to use We have other designs you may like on the download page http adafru it C1C or experiment with Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 22 of 28 Whatever you nave around the house AMT you print out this convenient glasses template http adafru it C1B it will make it easy to cut out the overlays to glue on to the front of your glasses And if you used this template to drill the holes in the glasses the template will also show ef Where to cut holes for the LEDs in the overlay You can glue the overlay on to the glasses using hot glue or your adhesive of choice Be aware that the overlay will not lie flat on the glasses due to the curvature of the glasses Now you are ready to rock out read the user manual for tips on how to best enjoy e your kit http adafru it C1C Don t Forget The Brain Machine works with blinking lights Be aware that blinking li
10. Ye adafruit learning system Brain Machine Created by lady ada Last updated on 2014 04 07 11 22 41 AM EDT Guide Contents Guide Contents 2 Overview 2 Explore altered states of consciousness 3 The Brain Machine 3 Another great project from Mitch Altman 3 Make it s How to 9 Preparation 6 Prep 6 Tools 6 Parts list 9 Check your kit 9 Parts list 9 oolder it 13 Glasses 16 Use it 24 What does the Brain Machine do 24 How to use it 24 Battery Life 24 Download 26 Files 26 Overlays 26 Buy Kit 2f Forums 28 Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 2 of 28 se adafruit learning system Overview Explore altered states of consciousness The Brain Machine Relax and rejuvenate as your brain synchronizes to a wonderful meditative state and enjoy as you hallucinate beautiful colors and patterns from your subconscious mind The Brain Machine provides you with a fun easy way to meditate all the while being very photogenic They work with lights and sounds that pulse at a 14 minute long meditation sequence of brainwave frequencies Your brain synchronizes to this meditation sequence and you meditate It s that easy And the beautiful colors and patterns you vividly imagine along the way make it fun and enjoyable Build your own Brain Machine to expand your brain s technical skills then lean back and enjoy the light show They are a blast at parties a fun way to practice meditation and t
11. ave it move in the hole Once you are happy with the first solder joint solder the other resistor wire You can zoom in by clicking on the photos for a bigger look Now we will get rid of all that excess wire Use your diagonal nippers to clip the wire just above the end of the solder joint there should be almost no wire sticking out There are another 3 resistors and we ll finish them all up Place resistor R3 another 47 ohm yellow violet black resistor right next to R4 This is the resistor that sets the Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 13 of 28 brightness for the other eye s LED Then place both R1 and R2 they are both 2 2K resistors red red red These resistors set the loudness of the earphones for either ear Using a larger resistor more resistance would make the volume quieter Using a smaller resisor would make the volume louder Remember it doesn t matter which way you place each resistor since they are non polarized Place them flat against the PCB and bend out the legs Solder all the pins of the resistors to the circuit board We ll clip the leads again so that they don t short or interfere with anything else Next is the tactile button that is used to tell the microchip in the kit to turn on and off The button is also nonpolar it s just a mechanical switch so you cant put it in backwards It should snap into place right next to the ON OFF silkscreen label on the PCB
12. dafruit com brain machine Page 26 of 28 x adafruit learning system Buy Kit Buy Kit http adafru it aJD Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 27 of 28 x adafruit learning system Forums Forums http adafru it forums Adafruit Industries Last Updated 2014 04 07 11 22 44 AM EDT Page 28 of 28
13. etty simple but you should follow these steps fully so that you ll have no problems 1 Tools and preparation http adafru it cly 2 Check the parts list http adafru it c1z 3 Assemble the kit http adafru it C1A Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 5 of 28 ve adafruit learning system Preparation Prep Learn how to solder with tons of tutorials http adafru it aTk Don t forget to learn how to use your multimeter too http adafru it aZZ Tools There are a few tools that are required for assembly None of these tools are included If you don t have them now would be a good time to borrow or purchase them They are very very handy whenever assembling fixing modifying electronic devices I provide links to buy them but of course you should get them wherever is most convenient inexpensive Many of these parts are available in a place like Radio Shack or other higher quality DIY electronics stores ul Adafruit Industries Soldering iron Any entry level all in one soldering iron that you might find at your local hardware store should work As with most things in life you get what you pay for Upgrading to a higher end soldering iron setup like the Hakko FX 888 that we stock in our store http adafru it 180 will make soldering fun and easy Do not use a ColdHeat soldering iron They are not suitable for delicate electronics work and can damage the kit
14. ghts are not good for some people especially those prone to seizures Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 23 of 28 ve adafruit learning system Use It What does the Brain Machine do The Brain Machine provides you with a fun easy way to meditate all the while being very photogenic They work with lights and sounds that pulse at a 14 minute long meditation sequence of brainwave frequencies Your brain synchronizes to this meditation sequence and you meditate It s that easy And the beautiful colors and patterns you vividly imagine along the way make it fun and enjoyable How to use it Using the Brain Machine kit is easy Put on the headphones and glasses Close your eyes gently Press the ON OFF button on the right side PCB Meditate Hallucinate and Trip Out and enjoy with your eyes gently closed the entire time for as long as you like The Brain Machine will automatically turn itself off when the trip sequence is complete 6 If you want to stop the sequence early just press the ON OFF button again or just remove the headphones and glasses DUN H UI The Brain Machine works with blinking lights Be aware that blinking lights are not good for some people especially those prone to seizures Some peoples eyes are more sensitive to bright lights than others Using the Brain Machine should be a great experience They should also be comfortable If the blinking lights are
15. h or the LED won t y tum on and light when we want it to The good news is that if you power an LED backwards nothing bad will happen to destroy it it just won t light up For LEDs the longer lead is positive Cut tbe shorter wire of the LED negative lead so that only about 1 4 half a cm is left 1 4 Then tin it just like you did with the wires so there is some solder on the wire lead R Because there is already solder on the LED and wire you should be able to hold the yellow wire to the short lead and heat it up with the iron and they ll melt together and hold Se Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 18 of 28 N Clip the remaining LED wire and solder the orange wire to it Pi When both leads of the LED are soldered you can go back and melt more solder over them if they re not solidly connected but be sure to hold the wire in place as you solder or it will fall off Now we ll do the other eye s LED Cut strip and tin the green blue wire pair just like the orange yellow Solder the blue wire to the positive longer LED pin and the green wire to the negative shorter LED pins Finally bend both LEDs gently and only once so they are at right angles to the X5 wire It doesn t matter which way they are bent The easiest way to do this is to hold the LED in one hand and use a finger to bend the wires j Now we ll attach the LEDs to the glasses Place the orange yellow
16. or 1 AW 596 2 2K resistor R1 R2 Red Red Red Gold 1 0 uF electrolytic capacitor C1 C2 6V or greater voltage rating ON OFF 6mm tactile switch 6 pin ICSP header ICSP to reprogram the microcontroller Don t solder in until then Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine For advanced users who want Generic 2 Generic 2 Generic 2 Generic 2 B3F 1000 1 Generic 1 Page 10 of 28 BATT 2 x AAA battery holder 1 OW era meo mad MT ee 1 E X NECEM c d e EE E 5 909009 MER 8 o is aI IOR PC B Circuit board Adafruit 1 NEER kf KE Industries CARK E Over ear Headphones l Safety Glasses l Rainbow Ribbon Wire The rainbow type makes it easier to keep track of wires 4 Zip wire ties These are bonus parts in case you need them for securing the electronics to the glasses Heat shrink tubing 1 16 diameter Paper Overlay l Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 11 of 28 GREENCELL GREEN CELL AAA batteries 2 Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 12 of 28 ve adafruit learning system Solder it Vd Vm First Check the Bill of Materials to verify you have all the parts necessary to make the kit http adafru it c12z Place the PCB in a vise if you have one and turn on the soldering iron Make sure you have all the tools you ll need to assemble the kit ht
17. rip out The Brain Machine works with blinking lights Be aware that blinking lights are not good for some people especially those prone to seizures Another great project from Mitch Altman TV B Gone http adafru it C1w inventor Mitch Altman first created the Brain Machine when he thought to himself What would happen if you could play a recording of brain waves into someone s brain Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 3 of 28 Being a skilled inventor and engineer he decided to make such a thing himself Using a microcontroller a small programmable chip he created a pair of glasses that blink LEDs at the same frequencies as brain waves The result is a Sound and Light Machine wearing the glasses often induces colorful hallucinations while in use a sense of relaxation afterwards and are a fun 14 minute brain trip EN ss r 4 i 1 Lu de p S n i ki bn FT 3 y i i uw i ut te PN t d THE BRAIN By Mitch Altman He published this first design in Make Magazine http adafru it c1x and it was an instant hit with hundreds of people building their own Now we ve partnered with Mitch to make an updated Brain Machine kit easier to build and comes with all the parts you need Pick one up at the Adafruit shop to build your own Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 4 of 28 ve adafruit learning system Make it How to This kit is pr
18. see here http adafru it aOo Click here to buy our entry level adjustable 30W 110V soldering iron http adafru it 180 Click here to upgrade to a Genuine Hakko FX 888 adjustable temperature soldering iron http adafru it 303 Solder You will want rosin core 60 40 solder Good solder is a good thing Bad solder leads to bridging and cold solder joints which can be tough to find Click here to buy a spool of leaded solder recommended for beginners http adafru it 145 https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 6 of 28 Sr SS image missing image missing image missing Adafruit Industries Click here to buy a spool of lead free solder http adafru it 7 34 Multimeter You will need a good quality basic multimeter that can measure voltage and continuity Click here to buy a basic multimeter http adafru it 71 Click here to buy a top of the line multimeter http adafru it 308 Click here to buy a pocket multimeter http adafru it 850 Flush Diagonal Cutters You will need flush diagonal cutters to trim the wires and leads off of components once you have soldered them in place Click here to buy our favorite cutters http adafru it 152 Solder Sucker Strangely enough that s the technical term for this desoldering vacuum tool Useful in cleaning up mistakes every electrical engineer has one of these on their desk Click here to buy a one http adafru it 148
19. tp adafru it C1y If you don t know how to solder we suggest checking out the videos in the link above They re quite good Keep them in a window so you can watch and review as you work through the kit The first part we will place is the resistor R4 this is a small oval tan thing with two wires leads and color stripes The stripes are yellow violet black which indicates a 47 ohm resistor This resistor is used to set the brightness of the lightbulbs LED for the right eye A smaller resistor less resistance would make the LED brighter A larger resistor would make the LED dimmer The resistor goes right in the middle over the silkscreen text on the PCB that says R4 Resistors are non polar which means they don t have a direction you don t have to worry about putting it in backwards because they work the same either way Bend the resistor into a staple and slip it onto the top of the Printed Circuit Board Bend the little leads out so that you can flip over the PCB and the resistor will stay in place Now you ll solder Place the flat of the soldering iron tip against the silver ring pad and one of the wires of the resistor lead at the same time for 2 seconds This will heat them both up to 600 700 degrees Then poke the end of the solder so that it flows into the hole and forms a solder joint Solder joints should be smooth and shiny and fill the entire pad wicking up to the lead you shouldnt be able to wiggle the wire and h
20. uncomfortable for you then there are two ways to reduce the brightness to make them less intense e f at any time you want to make the experience less intense simply slide the glasses down your nose until you feel comfortable e Use every day masking tape to cover the red LEDs to make them less bright Just keep putting tape over the LEDs until they are not too bright Battery Life The Brain Machine Kit comes with 2 AAA standard alkaline batteries These should last for Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 24 of 28 hundreds of trip sequences If you ever need to replace the batteries just use any AAA s from the store The brain machine works fine with low cost economy batteries so you don t need to spend a lot for the expensive batteries Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 25 of 28 ve adafruit learning system Download Files You can get the latest schematics board layouts and firmware from the github repository http adafru it C1D The hardware files are released under CC BY SA attribution share alike Overlays Snazzy up your brain machine with the original graphix overlay or many other 60 s style designs you can print and use http adafru it c1E There are also some templates that may be handy for drilling the eye LED holes http www tvbgone com mfaire sIm GlassesTemplate1 pdf http adafru it C1B Adafruit Industries https learn a
21. y Glasses e we Now we will prepare the glasses for the project We like these dark tinted safety glasses You can use nearly any plastic glasses You ll want to mark where your pupils are If you have a friend ask them to mark X s e directly over the middle of your eyes while you wear the glasses If you don t have a friend handy try your best to get the X s right in the middle of the lens m Alternatively you can print out this convenient glasses template http adafru it C1B X marks the spot This template will also be helpful for cutting out the decorative trippy graphics later Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com brain machine Page 16 of 28 L Now we ll drill out the holes for the LEDs to fit in We used 13 64 drill 0 20 inches 5 2mm with great success You can also try a 3 16 drill bit 5mm but it may be a little small EA e We ll need to wire up the LEDs and batteries to the PCB using wires While you can A use any wires we like the rainbow ribbon cables Each wire is a different color and the wires are 24 AWG stranded If you don t use the ribbon cables try to get thin wires from somewhere else One nice thing about the ribbon cable is that if you clip the wires at the end you can e tear off strips Ed i Use the clip and tear technique to pull off three strips of two wires each One is e red brown another orange yellow and the last pair green blue a Next we will split and
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