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Tecmar - Captain - Installation Manual

1. INSTALLATION MANUAL USERS GUIDE TECMAR INCORPORATED Personal Computer Products Division 6225 Cochran Road Solon Cleveland Ohio 44139 3377 Telephone 216 349 0600 Telex 466692 20044 Rev 1 3 Printed by Tecmar Presses Limited Warranty Tecmar Inc Tecmar warrants to the original purchaser that boards and cables manufactured by Tecmar will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for one year from the date of delivery to purchaser Tecmar warrants to the original purchaser that disc controllers and drives terminals printers and any other non board item not bearing a Tecmar label will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of ninety days from the date of deliyery to purchaser Tecmar warrants to the original purchaser that the media for software will be free from defects in materials and will be readable by the computer system for a period of ninety days from the date of delivery to purchaser The software is thoroughly tested and thought to be functional when released at Tecmar s sole option Tecmar may endeavor to correct any serious problems discovered in the software Under the above warranty Tecmar will at its option either repair or replace a non conforming or defective product or return to purchaser the purchase price Tecmar shall have no obligation hereunder if the product has been misused carelessly handled defaced including unauthorized repairs made
2. Trans mitter Holding Register en Break Clear to arity Loop Interrupt Send 12 Select BI CTS EPS Stick Bit 5 Bit 13 Parity Empty THRE Trans mitter Set Break Shift Ring et Brea Register Indicator Bit 14 Empty RI TSRE Divisor Received Line Signal Bit 7 Detect 8580 Latch Access Bit DLAB Programmable Baud Rate Generator Divisor Latches 3F8 DLAB 1 3F9 DLAB 1 The INS8250 contains a programmable Baud Rate Generator that takes the clock input 1 8432 and divides it by the 16 bit value in the two divisor latches The result of this divison is 16 times the Baud rate that will be produced Address 3F8 DLAB 1 is the least significant byte of the 16 bit divisor Address 3F9 DLAB 1 is the most significant byte of the divisor These Divisor latches must be loaded during initialization in order to ensure the desired operation of the baud rate generator Table 2F indicates the divisors to use for various Baud Rates Table 3F Interrupt Control Functions Desired Divisor Used Percent Error Baud to Generate Difference Between Rate 16x Clock Desired and Actual 50 2304 Dec 75 1536 Dec 110 1047 Dec 0 026 134 5 857 Dec 0 058 150 768 Dec 300 374 Dec 600 192 Dec 1200 96 Dec 1800 64 Dec 2000 58 Dec 0 69 2400 48 Dec 3600 32 Dec 4800 24 Dec 7200 16 Dec 9600 12 Dec Line Status Register 3FD Hex This 8 bit register
3. Alarm Comparator General Description Example 2 demonstrates how to set the latches on the 58167 timer The alarm comparator interrupt is also used and the procedure of polling the interrupts is demonstrated When the interrupt status register in dicates that an interrupt has occurred a message to that effect is printed The example is a purely artificial one but it demonstrates how this type of process would be programmed in a context where polling the inter rupts would be useful Line by Line Explanation 10 100 120 180 200 240 261 360 370 380 390 460 480 540 560 620 640 680 700 750 770 850 870 990 14G Define functions to convert BCD to decimal and decimal to BCD Set the clock latch address and real time clock address Read the time of day and date from the board starting with the seconds and reading every counter through the month Print the time of day and date Enter the time which you wish to set in the latches The time you enter here will be the time at which the alarm will occur Call the subroutines to convert the day of the week and month numbers into names Print the time at which the interrupt will occur the time set in the latches indicating all latches that are set to don t care states Don t care states are noted by printing that any unit in that counter will satisfy the alarm requirements Convert latch settings to BCD All don t care ent
4. lor2 baud 110 150 300 600 1200 2400 4800 or 9600 parity lt N none O odd E even Default is E databits 7 or 8 Default is 7 stopbits 1 or 2 Default is 2 when baud 110 otherwise dafault is 1 P include if COMn is a printer 2 Then reroute LPT1 output to so printer commands will send information to the serial port MODE LPT1 3 Use the PC DOS or BASIC printer commands CTL P SHIFT PRT SC or COPY to generate printer output 4 To reestablish normal LPT1 output to the parallel port type MODE LPT1 AN BASIC Serial Port Commands You can use the serial port as your printer port in BASIC by using the MODE command explained above Then enter BASIC and use the BASIC printer commands explained under the Using the Parallel Port to send output to COM1 or COM2 To resume normal parallel printer output re enter PC DOS and use the MODE command in Step 4 above Use the BASIC OPEN statement to access COMI 2 as a BASIC data file OPEN COMn baud parity databits stopbits AS Z filenum where n lor2 baud 75 11 150 300 600 1200 1800 2400 4800 9600 Default is 300 parity 5 space O odd M mark E even N none Default is E databits 4 5 6 7 or 8 Default is 7 stopbits 1 or 2 Default is 2 for 75 and 110 otherwise default is 1 filenum valid file number Then you can use the BAS
5. returns program control to the main menu 1120 Prints end of program message and ends the program 10 REM Example i Setting and heading the Time of Day and Date on the 58167 Time of Day 20 REM 30 REM Set the Clock Address Latch and Real Time Clock Address 40 EASE 833 Clock Address Latch 15 833 5 50 Define a Function to Convert from Decimal to BCD 70 DEF FNTOBCD X X 10 6 X 80 REM 90 REM Define a Function to Convert from ECD to Decimal 100 DEF FNTODEC X X iG 16 X MOD 1 110 120 CLS PRINT PRINT CHOOSE THE FUNCTION YOU WISH TO FERFORM 130 PRINT 1 SET THE TIME OF DAY AND DATE 140 PRINT 2 READ THE TIME OF DAY AND DATE 150 PRINT 3 EXIT FROGRAM 150 INPUT 170 A GOTO 200 600 1120 130 190 200 Enter Time of Day and Date from Keyboard 210 CLS 220 PRINT WHEN PROMPTED BELOW WITH MTH DW DT 230 PRINT THE MONTH 1 12 240 PRINT THE DAY OF THE WEEK 1 7 250 PRINT THE DAY OF THE MONTH 1 31 260 PRINT 270 PRINT PLEASE SEPARATE VOUR ENTRIES WITH COMMAS 280 PRINT 290 INPUT ENTER MONTH DAY OF WEEK AND DATE MTH DW DT MONTH DW DATE 300 REM 310 PRINT PRINT 320 PRINT WHEN PROMPTED BELOW WITH HR MIN SEC ENTER 330 PRINT THE HOUR 0 23 340 PRINT THE MINUTES 0 59 350 PRINT THE SECONDS 0 59 360 PRINT 370 PRINT PLEASE SEPARATE YOUR ENTRIES WITH COMMAS 380 PRI
6. 833 Read time of day and date from the board OUT BASE X INP BASE 2 SEC FNTODEC X OUT BASE 3 X zINF BASE 2 MIN FNTODEC X OUT EASE 4 X INF BASE 2 HR FNTODEC X OUT BASE 5 X INF BASE 2 DW FNTODEC X QUT X INF BASE 2 DATE FNTODEC X OUT X INF 5 2 MONTH FNTODEC X REM REM Print Time of Day and Date CLS PRINT PRINT Time of Day and Date gt ON DW GOSUB 790 300 510 320 839 840 850 ON MONTH GOSUB 380 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 380 990 PRINT DW MNTH DATE sHR3 s 3MINg s 3 SEC REM Enter the Time to Set in the Latches PRINT PRINT PRINT IN RESPONSE TO THE PROMPTS BELOW ENTER THE ALARM TIME PRINT ENTER A CARRIAGE RETURN TO SET A DON T CARE STATE IN A PARTICULAR ATCH PRINT PRINT PRINT TAE 10 INPUT DAY OF WEEK LDW LDW VAL LDW PRINT TAB 10 INPUT MONTE LMNTH LMNTH VAL LMNTH PRINT TAB 10 INPUT DATE LDATE LDATE VAL LDATES PRINT TAE 10 INFUT HOUR LHOUR LHOUR VAL LHOUR PRINT TAB 10i INPUT MINUTE LMIN LMIN VAL LMIN PRINT TAB 10 INPUT SECOND LSEC LSEC VAL LSEC ON LDW GOSUB 790 800 810 820 830 840 850 ON LMNTH GOSUE 980 890 900 910 920 930 340 950 360 970 380 930 PRINT PRINT INTERRUPT WILL OCCUR PRINT TAB 10 IF LEN LDW 0 THEN PRINT ANY DAY ELSE PRINT DWE PRINT 1 IF LEN LMNTH 0 THEN PRINT ANY MONTH ELSE PRINT M
7. Hex Serial Data or R W Divisor Latch LSB W 1017 Dec 3F9 Hex Interrupt enable register or R W Divisor Latch MSB W 1018 Dec 3FA Hex Interrupt identification R register as COM1 1019 Dec 3FB Hex Line Control Register W R 1020 Dec 3FC Hex Modem Conrol Register W R 1021 Dec 3FD Hex Line Status Register R 1022 Dec 3FE Hex Modem Status Register R 760 Dec 2F8 Hex Serial Data or R W Divisor Latch LSB W 761 Dec 2F9 Hex Interrupt enable register or R W Divisor Latch MSB W 762 Dec 2FA Hex Interrupt identification as COM2 R register 763 Dec 2FB Hex Line control register W R 764 Dec 2FC Hex Modem control register W R 765 Dec 2FD Hex Line status register R 766 Dec 2FE Hex Modem status register R In the rest of this manual all programming references assume the Captain board is configured as Time 1 COMI and LP11 If any of these three sections is addressed at its alternate location then use the corresponding address for that location 1D 20 Appendix DIRECT CONTROL OF THE PARALLEL PRINTER PORT The printer port is hardware and software compatible with the IBM parallel printer adaptor interface It can be easily used with an IBM printer or Epson MX80 using the IBM software It could also be used as a general parallel port for input and output The board has 12 buffered output points which are latched and can be written to or read from under program control and 5 steady state input points that may be read at any t
8. Pin Signal 7 Ground 20 DSR Data Set Ready 4 CTS Clear To Send 2 Serial Data In 3 Serial Data Out 11 Data Out Current Loop 9 Current Loop Return for Data Out 18 Current Loop Return for Data In 25 Data In Current Loop 8 RLSD Received Line Signal Detect 6 DTR Data Terminal Ready 5 RTS Request To Send 22 RI Ring Indicator The functions of these signals are Data Terminal Ready DTR When low informs the MODEM or data set that the INS8250 is ready to communicate The DTR output signal can be set to an active low by programming Bit 0 DTR of the MODEM Control Register to a high level The DTR signal is reset high upon a Master Reset operation See Section on Programming the Serial Port Request to Send RTS When low informs the MODEM or data set that the INS8250 is ready to transmit data The RTS output signal can be set to an active low by programming Bit 1 RTS of the MODEM Control Register to be high The RTS signal is reset high upon a Master Reset operation Serial Output SOUT Serial data output to the communications link peripheral MODEM or data set The SOUT is set to the Marking Logic 1 state upon a Master Reset operation Serial Input SIN Serial data input from the communications link peripheral device MODEM or data set Current Loop Data In and Out The Current Loop Data In and Out is the same as the Serial Data In and Out except that the interface is im plemented as illustrated
9. a Phillips head screwdriver if you will be installing Captain in the Expansion Chassis 1 TURN OFF THE POWER TO YOUR PERSONAL COMPUTER OR EXPANSION CHASSIS It is important that there be no power applied to the unit while the board is being installed or serious damage to the computer could result 2 Tecmar recommends the use of two adjacent slots in your computer or Expansion Chassis Captain will be installed in one slot and the Captain parallel port connector which is attached to the board bya ribbon cable will be installed in the other slot Choose the two slots in the computer where Captain will be installed You may need to move another board to have the two Captain slots adjacent to each other If you only have one expansion slot left the Captain should be in stalled in the slot and the Captain parallel port ribbon cable can be draped over the top back edge of the unit Replacing the unit cover will not damage the ribbon cable 3 Facethe front of the computer or expansion chassis Remove the slot cover in the leftmost chosen slot by loosening and removing the screw at the top which holds it in place See Figure 14 Set the slot cover and screw aside MW Figure 14 If a plastic card edge guide Figure 15 is not already present on the front wall of your computer install the one included with Captain The card edge guide will hold the front edge of the board in place SSS pe ee 22 F
10. beginning of the next minute actually occurs will synchronize the timer and your real time clock 6G Programming the Latches Overview The 8 latches are for setting the alarm comparator When the counters equal the contents of the latches then the alarm interrupt inter rupts are discussed in the next section is set The latches are written read and reset in a manner very similar to the writing reading and resetting of the counters A Setting the latches Each latch is set in the same two step process as setting the counters the latch is selected and the setting is written to it in BCD If you wish to set a latch to a don t care state set it to 204 decimal CC Hex This has the effect of having the latch always read the same as the counter So if you wished to set the latches so that the alarm interrupt would be triggered every day at 3 p m you would set the month day of week and day of month to 204 the hours to 15 decimal and the minutes seconds and all other latches to 0 The following procedure details how to program the latches 1 Select the latch to be set and send its address value 8 15 to the clock address latch Example To set the hours OUT 893 11 2 Set the latch to a particular value by sending that value in BCD to the clock Example To set the latch to 25 decimal OUT 895 37 To set any latch to don t care send out 204 decimal OUT 891 204 3 Repeat from step 1 to conti
11. communications within 100 feet Connect position A to select the current loop data input which is good for communications up to 1000 feet The board is shipped jumpered in position B B As Figure 12 Jumper Block JPR2 JPR3 Interrupts Jumper block JPR3 can be used to connect the serial ports and the clock calendar to various interrupt request lines IRQ lines in the IBM Personal Computer Your Captain board was shipped jumpered at posi tion B This setting illustrated below in Figure 13 is sufficient for nor mal applications B D A A As Shipped V A C Figure 13 Jumper Block JPR3 Table 4 Connections at Jumper Block JPR3 Position Interrupt Source Interrupt Request Line Interrupt No A Serial Port IRQ 3 for COM2 0B Hex B Serial Port IRQ4 for 1 0C Hex C Clock Calendar IRQS 0D Hex D Clock Calendar IRQ7 OF Hex To connect the two pins corresponding to one of the above functions place one of the jumper connectors provided with the board over the two pins of the jumper position For more information on the serial port interrupt review Appendix F 23 INSTALLATION OF THE CAPTAIN BOARD 25 INSTALLATION OF THE CAPTAIN BOARD You can install the Captain board in your Tecmar Expansion Chassis or IBM Personal Comptuer The diagrams in this section feature the IBM Personal Computer The installation of your Captain board is very simple and only requires the use of a medium sized flat blade screwdriver Use
12. following sections OPEN is the same as OFF and CLOSED is the same as ON When a switch is OPEN or OFF it is set toward the side opposite the numbers on the switch module 11 Setting System Switches Before you change switches on your computer make a note of how they are presently set Then if you get unusual errors after installing the board you can check to see if you moved another switch accidentally Set SW1 switches 3 and 4 of the system board switch module to the off position See Appendix B for information on switch modules In the XT SW1 is the only switch module Consequently this is the only setting necessary on the XT system board ECT ERED OPEN Figure 3 System Board SW1 Do not change any other switches on SW1 In the other computer models switch module SW2 must be set The ap propriate settings for SW2 are illustrated for each type of computer on the next pages Column 1 of Table 2 lists the amount of Captain memory Column 2 contains the proper switch settings for the IBM PC and PC2 for the amount of Captain memory Column 3 shows the switch settings for the IBM PC with a 64K system board for the amount of Cap tain memory The assumption is that you have fully expanded memory on your system board First find the column for your computer system Next read down the Captain column until you find the amount of memory on the Captain board Circle that number Circle the corresponding diagram in your compu
13. in the diagram below 2F 5 510 TRANSMIT CIRCUIT PIN 9 1002 Tx DATA ow 11 5 RECEIVE CIRCUIT ISOLATOR PIN 18 Rx DATA PIN 25 5V i SERIAL CONNECTOR 3F Figure 2F Received Line Signal Detect RLSD When low indicates that data carrier has been detected by the MODEM or data set The RLSD signal is a MODEM Control function input whose condition can be tested by the CPU by reading Bit 7 RLSD of the MODEM Status Register Bit 3 DRLSD of the MODEM Status Register indicates whether the RLSD input has changed state since the previous reading of the MODEM Status Register Note Whenever the RLSD bit of the MODEM Status Register changes state an interrupt is generated if the MODEM Status Interrupt is enabled Data Set Ready DSR When low indicates that the MODEM or data set is ready to establish the communications link and transfer data with the INS8250 The DSR signal isa MODEM control function input whose condition can be tested by the CPU by reading Bit 5 DSR of the MODEM Status Register Bit 1 DDSR of the MODEM Status Register indicates whether the DSR input has changed state since the previous reading of the MODEM Status Register Note Whenever the DSR bit of the MODEM Status Register changes state an interrupt is generated if the MODEM Status Interrupt is enabled Clear to Send CTS The CTS signal is a MODEM control function in put whose condition can be tested
14. of the 8250 register to be used and either reading from it or writing the data to it with the IBM Personal Computer s input or output instructions The 8250 s registers their addresses and the function of each bit of data are shown in Table 2 Following Table 2 is a description of each register and its use SF Table 2F Register Address Receiver Buffer Holding Interrupt Register Register Interrupt Identifi Line MODEM Line MODEM Divisor Write Enable cation Control Control Status Status Latch Latch Only Only Register Register Register Register Register Register LS MS Enable Received Data Delta Data Biro Data Interrupt Terminal Clear to Available Pending Ready Send Interrupt OTR DCTS ERBFI Enable Trans Word mitter Interrupt Length Request Overrun Delta Data Holding Select to Send Error Data Set Register RTS OR Ready Empty WLS1 DDSR Interrupt ETBEI Enable Receiver Interrupt Trailing Line Out 1 Edge Ring Status Indicator Interrupt TERI ELSI Enable Delta MODEM Framing Receive Data Bit3 Data Bit 3 Status Out 2 Error Line Signal Interrupt FE Detect EDSSI DSLSD peee peee e Bil 0 is the least significant bit It is the first bit serially transmitted or received
15. provides status information concerning the data transfer The contents of the register are described below Bit 0 This bit is the receiver Data Ready DR indicator Bit 0 is set toa logic 1 whenever a complete incoming character has been received and transferred into the Receiver Buffer Register Bit 0 may be reset to a logic 0 either by the CPU reading the data in the Receiver Buffer Register or by writing a logic 0 into it from the CPU Bit 1 This bit is the Overrun Error OE indicator Bit 1 indicates that data in the Receiver Buffer Register was not read by the CPU before the next character was transferred into the Receiver Buffer Register thereby destroying the previous character The OE indicator is reset after the CPU reads the contents of the Line Status Register Bit 2 This bit is the Parity Error PE indicator Bit 2 indicates that the received data character does not have the correct even or odd parity as selected by the even parity select bit The PE bit is set to a logic 1 upon detection of a parity error and is reset to a logic 0 after the CPU reads the contents of the Line Status Register Bit 3 This bit is the Framing Error FE indicator Bit 3 indicates that the received character did not have a valid Stop bit Bit 3 is set to a logic one whenever the Stop bit following the last data bit or parity bit is detected as a zero bit Spacing level It is reset after a read from the Line Status Register Bit 4 This bit is
16. register is more than it takes for the tenths of seconds to advance Using the Go register allows simultaneous reset of all the fast counting timers thus reducing this problem The procedure for using the Go register is as follows 1 Use the Setting the Counters procedure to set the months days of month days of week hours and minutes counters Example Set the counter to Thursday July 29 10 15 a m when your real time clock says 00 14 30 2 Send a 21 out the clock address latch to select the Go register OUT 893 21 3 Type the command to send a 1 to the real time clock to issue the Go command OUT 895 1 4 Repeat step 3 except this time do not type the carriage return to send the command 5 When your real time clock reads exactly 10 15 00 00 00 hit the car riage return to send the Go register command The command will clear all the counters for seconds and faster thus synchronizing the timer with your real time clock The purpose of setting the timer a few seconds ahead of the real time in step 2 is to assure that the minutes timer is not a minute behind the real time when the Go register is set Setting the minutes to the actual time minutes would cause the timer to be reset to the beginning of that minute when the Go command is issued the first time Setting the timer to the next minute allows the counter to be reset to the beginning of that next minute so that issuing another Go command when the
17. the Break Interrupt BI indicator Bit 4 is set to a logic 1 whenever the received data input is held in the Spacing logic 0 state for longer than a full word transmission time that is the total time of Start bit data bits Parity Stop bits Note Bits 1 through 4 are the error conditions that produce a Receiver Line Status interrupt whenever any of the corresponding conditions are detected Bit 5 This bit is the Transmitter Holding Register Empty THRE in dicator Bit 5 indicates that the INS8250 is ready to accept a new character for transmission In addition this bit causes the INS8250 to issue an interrupt to the CPU when the Transmit Holding Register Emp ty Interrupt enable is set high The THRE bit is set to a logic 1 when a character is transferred from the Transmitter Holding Register into the Transmitter shift Register The bit is reset to logic 0 concurrently with the loading of the Transmitter Holding Register by the CPU Bit 6 This bit is the Transmitter Shift Register Empty TSRE indicator Bit 6 is set to a logic 1 whenever the Transmitter Shift Register is idle It is reset to logic 0 upon a data transfer from the Transmitter Holding Register to the Transmitter Shift Register Bit 6 is a read only bit Bit 7 This bit is permanently set to logic 0 8F Interrupt Identification Register The INS8250 has an on chip interrupt capability that allows for complete flexibility in interfacing to the micro
18. the computer 29 p TN USING THE PARALLEL PORT PC DOS Printer Commands BASIC Printer Commands 31 USING THE PARALLEL PORT Each computer language and operating system uses its own commands protocols to send output to the parallel port The reference below tells you how to use your Captain parallel port with PC DOS or BASIC in structions PC DOS Printer Commands There are three easy ways to use the parallel port in PC DOS 1 Copy Command The COPY command can be used to transfer files to and from Per sonal Computer peripherals To print the contents of a file named EXAMPL FIL you can type COPY EXAMPL FIL LPT1 The file must be composed of ASCII characters which excludes all files with the extensions COM EXE OBJ and BAS CTL P Hold the CTRL key down and then press the P key As you type characters on the keyboard they will appear on the printer Hold the CTRL key down and press the P key once more to stop printing This command will work only if your parallel port is designated as LPTI SHIFT PRT SC Hold the SHIFT key down and press the PrtSC key to print all the information appearing on the screen When the end of the present screen is reached printing stops Only the information appearing on the screen when SHIFT PRT SC is pressed will be printed This command will only work on the parallel port designated as LPT Refer to your PC DOS manual for
19. will interrupt the CPU if pin 10 of P2 goes from high to low A 0 in bit 4 dissables the interrupt The power on reset clears all these bits to zero The four output pins are driven by open collector drivers pulled up to 5v through 4 7Kohm resistors They can each sink 7mA Input from 37A Hex Printer control The value read from 37AH is the data latched by the most recent output to 37AH Input from 379 Hex Printer status The value read from 379H presents the CPU with the real time status of the following pins Data Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P2 Pin No 11 10 12 13 15 Signal Name Busy ACK PE SEL ERROR No function The Parallel Printer Port may be used with any IBM software that uses a parallel printer For a description of each of the printer signals refer to the printer manual 2E Appendix DIRECT CONTROL THE SERIAL I O PORT The serial port is fully programmable and supports asynchronous com munications only It will add and remove start bits stop bits and parity bits A programmable baud rate generator allows operations from 50 baud to 9600 baud Five six seven or eight bit characters with 1 1 1 2 or 2 stop bits are supported A fully prioritized interrupt system controls transmit receive error line status and data set interrupts Diagnostic capabilities provide loopback functions of transmit receive and put output signals It is implemented using an INS8250 serial com munication I C The serial port
20. 67 chip is a time of day counter with alarm capabilities Eight 8 bit counters are used to count the time of day In addition a series of eight 8 bit latches are provided for setting the alarm comparator An alarm is triggered when the contents of the latches matches the contents of the timer registers Counters and latches can be read and latches can be written or read without disturbing the real time clock functions Inter rupts can be controlled by any one of 8 timer sources The use of all these facilities will be explained below All of the timer counters and latches count in BCD and therefore must be written to and read from using BCD notation BCD Binary Coded Decimal is an encoding system whereby each four bits of an 8 bit byte has value of 0 to 9 decimal The usual binary can code from 0 to 15 decimal in four bits However for timer purposes the use of BCD is simpler and more common In BCD a two digit number is always coded in two 4 bit groups For example 27 would be 0010 0111 in BCD The high four bits represent the 2 of 27 and the low four bits represent the 7 BASIC does not distinguish between the use of BCD and normal binary It is therefore necessary to convert from decimal to BCD to write to the timer and to convert from BCD to decimal when reading from the timer So to write 27 to the timer the BCD representation must be determined This BCD representation must then be written to the timer We determin ed above that 27 in BC
21. D is 0010 0111 which equals 39 dec To set the timer to 27 then a 39 would have to be sent out the appropriate port Fortunately there are equations for converting from BCD to decimal and from decimal to BCD This saves the user the trouble of writing down a BCD representation for every value to be sent to the timer and then converting that representation to binary The conversion equations are as follows BCD to Decimal Decimal INT BCD 16 10 BCD MOD 16 Note MOD is the remainder of a division operation In this case BCD MOD 16 the remainder of BCD 16 INT is the function signalling an integer divide Decimal to BCD BCD INT Decimal 10 6 Decimal In the first formula the BCD number divided by 16 integer division is multiplied by 10 and then the integer remainder of the BCD number which has been divided by 16 BCD MOD 16 is added For example 3G The BCD number received was 27 hex which is 39 decimal 2 x 16 7 1 39 39 16 2 integer result with a remainder of 7 2 10 20 39 mod 16 7 20 7 27 the decimal number As an example of the second formula the decimal number to be output is 38 38 10 3 integer result BCD 38 10 x 6 38 3 x 6 38 BCD 56 decimal which gets output as 38 Hex If you are programming in assembly language any BCD number is equivalent to a hexadecimal number with no digit greater than nine 4G Programming the Counters The eight c
22. FNTODEC X read seconds set up rollover read seconds check IF SEC gt PLUSEC GOTO 690 if a second has passed OUT BASE 3 X INP BASE 2 MIN FNTODEC X read minutes OUT BASE 4 X INP BASE 2 HR FNTODEC X read hours QUT BASE 5 X INP BASE 2 DW FNTODEC X read day cf week OUT BASE 6 X INP BASE 2 DATE FNTODEC X read day of month OUT EASE 7 X INP BASE 2 MONTH FNTODEC X read month REM REM Print Time of Day and Date PRINT PRINT Time of Day and Date ON DW GOSUB 960 870 880 8390 900 910 920 ON MONTH GOSUB 950 960 970 930 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 PRINT DW GOTO 680 REM REM REM Convert Day of Week Numbers to Day of Week Names DW Sunday RETURN DW Monday RETURN DW Tuesday RETURN DW Wednezday RETURN DW Thursday RETURN DW Friday RETURN DW Saturday RETURN REM REM Convert Month MONTH January MONTH Februarv MONTH March RETURN MONTH April RETURN MONTH May RETURN MCNTH June RETURN MONTH July RETURN MONTH August RETURN MONTH September RETURN MONTH October RETURN MONTH November RETURN MONTH December RETURN REM REM Stop Print ng the T me and Return to the Menu RETURN 120 REM REM End of Program PRINT FRINT PRINT 3MONTH DATE SEC Numbers to Month Names RETURN RETURN END OF PROGRAM read tne time 13G Example 2 Programming the Latches and Using
23. IC file I O statments to communicate with the serial device PRINT PRINT 7 USING WRITE Y INPUT LINE INPUT Read your IBM DOS manual carefully for more details of these func tions 37 Appendix Appendix Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix I Appendix J Appendix K LIST OF APPENDIXES Cover Removal and Replacement 1A Jumper 1B Block C1 Using I O SectionS oooooooom 1D Direct Control of the Parallel Port 1 Direct Control of the Serial Port IF Direct Control of the Timer Chip 1G Adding Memory to Captain 1 11 The Programmable Array Logic PAL Option 1J Error IK Appendix A COVER REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT Removing the IBM Personal Computer Cover Follow the instructions below to remove the cover of the IBM Personal Computer PC2 or XT 1 Position your computer to allow access to the rear Use a flat blade screwdriver to remove the six cover mounting screws by turning them counterclockwise as shown in Figure 1A Save the screws for replac ing the cover Figure 1A 1A 2 Slide computer s cover towards front of th
24. If you have never set switches or connected jumpers or if it has been Some time since you have done so looking through Appendix B at this point would be quite useful Appendix B gives a complete explanation of switch modules and jumper blocks You will also find instructions for setting the switch modules and connecting jumper block positions in Ap pendix B Setting the System Board for Memory Expansion You need to know how much total memory you currently have in your system to set the switches on the system board and Captain board To find the size of your system memory at the DOS prompt Type A gt CHKDSK A gt CHKDSK 322560 bytes in total disk space 9216 bytes in 2 hidden files 102400 bytes in 7 user files 210944 bytes available on disk 262144 bytes total memory 249734 bytes free Figure 1 Screen produced by CHKDSK command The second line from bottom tells you how much total memory you have in your system The number displayed is the total bytes of memory To determine the total RAM in your system bytes must be converted to kilobytes or K Use Table 1 to convert total bytes to total K Table 1 Byte Conversion Table BYTES KILOBYTES K 65535 64K 131072 128K 196608 192K 262144 256K 327680 320K 393216 384K The number that applies to your system is an important number You may find it helpful to write the RAM number along with the amount of memory you plan to activate on your Captain Board in the spac
25. M PC can be run The Captain board can start at either 64K or 256K Note Owners of the earlier IBM PC s with only 64K RAM on the system board will have the possibility of expansion to 448K RAM with Captain Serial Input Output Port The serial port is an RS 232 port used for controlling a modem serial printer or other serial device It can function as either COM1 or COM2 The serial port connector is a male DB25 mounted on the Option Retain ing Bracket at the rear of the board This connector is identical to the connector on the IBM asynchronous adaptor Parallel Port The Centronics compatible parallel port interfaces with the IBM printer or equivalent The printer port can function as either LPT1 or LPT2 Access to the parallel port is through a female DB25 connector You don t need any extra parts since the connector mounting hardware and cable are supplied with the board Treasure Chest of Software The Treasure Chest is 24 programs that include games business applica tions home applications a security system and hardware tests They were designed to be easy and fun to use The PAL Programmable Array Logic Option Every Captain board is equipped with the appropriate circuitry to ac commodate a Programmable Array Logic Chip You can use PAL to protect restricted software This feature is especially attractive in an of fice setting where many personal computers are available but certain in formation must be restric
26. NT 390 INPUT ENTER TIME OF DAY HR MIN SEC MIN SEC 400 REM 410 KEM 420 REM Convert Time of Day and Date from Decimal to BCD 430 MONTH FNTORCD MONTH convert month 440 lt convert date 450 DW FNTOBCD DW convert day of week 460 HR FNTOBCD HR convert hour 470 MIN FNTOECDIMIN convert minutes 480 SEC FNTOBCD SEC convert seconds 430 REM 500 REM 310 REM Set Time of Day and Date as Entered 320 OUT BASE 7 OUT BASE 2 MONTH zet month 330 QUT OUT 2 DATE set day of month 540 OUT 5 OUT DW set day of week 550 OUT 4 OUT BASE 2 HR set hour 560 OUT BASE 3 OUT BASE 2 MIN set minutes 570 OUT BASE 2 OUT BASE 2 SEC zet seconds 580 REM 530 REM 12G 500 Read Time of Day and Date 10 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 30 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 TTO T80 730 800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 370 380 330 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1030 1100 1110 1120 from Timer CLS PRINT FRESS Fi KEY TO STOF PRINTING AND RETURN TO MENU FRINT KEY 1 ON Turn on Fi key for key trapping ON KEY 1 GOSUE 1030 When Fi key is struck exit program REM Read Time and Print once per Second QUT 2 X INP BASE 2 SEC FNTODEC X IF SEC 53 THEN FLUSEC 0 ELSE PLUSEC SEC 1 QUT BASE 2 X INP BASE 2 SEC
27. NTH PRINT 3 IF LEN LDATE 6 THEN PRINT ANY DATE ELSE PRINT LDATE FRINT i IF LEN LHOUR 0 THEN FRINT ANY HOUR ELSE PRINT LHOUR PRINT IF LEN LMIN 0 THEN PRINT ANY MINUTE ELSE PRINT LMIN PRINT IF LEN LSEC 0 THEN PRINT ANY SECOND ELSE PRINT LSEC REM Convert data to BCD equivalents Determine Don t Care locations IF LEN LMNTH 0 THEN LMNTH 204 ELSE LMNTH FNTOBCD LMNTH IF LEN LDW 0 THEN LDW 204 ELSE LDW FNTOBCD LDW IF LEN LDATE 0 THEN LDATE 204 ELSE LDATE FNTOECD LDATE IF LEN LHOUR 0 THEN LHOUR 204 ELSE LHOUR FNTORCD LHOUR IF LEN LMIN 9 THEN LMIN 204 ELSE LMIN FNTOBCD LMIN IF LEN LSEC 0 THEN LSEC 204 ELSE LSEC FNTORBCD LSEC REM Set times and Don t Carez in the latches OUT BASE 15 OUT EASE 2 LMNTH OUT BASE OUT LIW 15 16G QUT QUT QUT QUT OUT 14 12 11 BASE 10 OUT OUT OUT OUT FASE 2 LDATE BASE 2 LHOUR BASE 2 LMIN PASE 2 LSEC Enable Interrupt on Latch Alarm BASE 17 reference OUT BASE 2 1 select to QUT EASE 16 reference X INP BASE 2 read REM REM Wait for alarm OUT EASE X INF EASE 2 IF X 0 GOTO 720 PRINT PRINT INTERRUPT HAS OCCURRED FRINT PRINT END OF PROGRAM END REM REM Convert day of week numbers to day of week names REM GET DAY OF WEEK AND MONTH NAMES DW SUNDAY RETURN DW MONDAY RETURN interrupt inter
28. Replacement Appendix B Switch Modules and Jumper Blocks Appendix C Block Diagram Appendix D Using the I O Sections Appendix E Direct Control of the Parallel Port Appendix F Direct Control of the Serial Port Appendix G Direct Control of the Timer Chip Appendix Adding Memory to Captain Appendix I Specifications Appendix J The Programmable Array Logic PAL Option Appendix K Error Messages 1A 1B 1C 1D 1E 1 1 1H 1 19 1K INTRODUCTION Features of Captain Manual Overview INTRODUCTION CONGRATULATIONS ON YOUR PURCHASE OF THE TECMAR PC MATE CAPTAIN BOARD Captain is a multifunction board that fits into any slot of your IBM Personal Computer XT or PC2 It can also be installed in the Tecmar Expansion Chassis Captain offers four popular expansion features and the software to get maximum use out of your board Tecmar s Captain board gives you Maximum Memory Captain is fully socketed for easy memory expansion from 0 384K RAM in 64K increments Your IBM PC2 or XT system board must be fully ex panded to 256K RAM before installing the Captain Thus you have the possibility of installing 640K RAM which is the total maximum memory recognizable to the operating system With this amount of RAM all software for the IB
29. S BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSSES OR DAMAGES SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF INCIDEN TAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LIMITATIONS ON HOW LONG AN IM PLIED WARRANTY LASTS SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU THIS WARRANTY SHALL NOT BE APPLICABLE TO THE EXTENT THAT ANY PROVISION OF THIS WARRANTY IS PROHIBITED BY ANY FEDERAL STATE OR MUNICIPAL LAW WHICH CANNOT BE PREEMPTED THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS AND YOU MAY ALSO HAVE OTHER RIGHTS WHICH VARY FROM STATE TO STATE Keep your original sales receipt for the product with this warranty statement PRODUCT KK SERIAL DATE OF NUMBER______________ PURCHASE WHERE PURCHASED AAA EA rn Table of Contents Introduction Features of Captain Manual Overview Configuration Section Setting the System Board for Memory Expansion Configuration for the Captain Board Installing a New Battery Installation of the Captain Board Using the Parallel Port PC DOS Printer Commands BASIC Printer Commands Using the Serial Port vo oo oo eo 00 PC DOS Serial Port BASIC Serial Port Commands 14 20 25 31 32 33 35 36 37 Appendix A Cover Removal and
30. allel port 3 1E 2E 14 direct control 1E 2E installation 26 28 location 14 pin signals 1E PC DOS 5 6 32 35 S serial port 4 1F 14F direct control 1F 14F installation 26 28 interrupt 9F 11F interrupt enable register 11F interrupt identification register 9F line status register 8F location 14 modem control register 12F modem status register 13F pin signals 1F programmable baud rate 7F sample programs 14F 15F SHIFT PRT SC 32 slot cover 26 system requirements 6 T time of day interrupt 23 1G NOTES NOTES PC MATE Expansion Products Product Comment Form Captain 20044 Your comments are a vital tool in assisting us in our efforts to continue the improvement of PC Mate products and the accompanying manuals Suggestions may be used or distributed by Tecmar in any form it believes appropriate without any obligation whatever This does not limit your use of the information that you originate and supply to Tecmar Comments Name Address City 1 State Zip Code INCORPORATED PERSONAL COMPUTER PRODUCTS DIVISION 6225 COCHRAN ROAD SOLON CLEVELAND OHIO 44139 3377 TELEPHONE 216 349 0600 TELEX 466692
31. by the CPU by reading Bit 4 CTS of the MODEM Status Register Bit 0 DCS of the MODEM Status Register indicates whether the CTS input has changed state since the previous reading of the MODEM Status Register Note Whenever the CTS bit of the MODEM Status Register changes state an interrupt is generated if the MODEM Status Interrupt is enabled Ring Indicator RI When low indicates that a telephone ringing signal has been received by the MODEM or data set The RI signal is a MODEM control function input whose condition can be tested by the CPU by reading Bit 6 RI of the MODEM Status Register Bit 2 TERI of the MODEM Status Register indicates whether the RI input has changed from a low to a high state since the previous reading of the MODEM Status Register Note Whenever the RI bit of the MODEM Status Register changes from a high to a low state an interrupt is generated if the MODEM Status Interrupt is enabled There is one other signal associated with the serial port and that is the serial port interrupt that goes to IRQ4 The interrupt is enabled by set ting the 8250 OUT2 output to zero low Interrupt Goes high whenever any one of the following interrupt types has an active high condition and is enabled via the Interrupt Enable Register Receiver Error Flag Received Data Available Transmitter Holding Register Empty and MODEM Status The INTRPT Signal is reset low upon the appropriate interrupt service or a Master Reset ope
32. ch or a small depression on the top of the plastic case Do not assume that the printing on the top of the module will orient it correctly 2H Slots I O Address Clock Calendar Address Load PAL IC RAM IC Battery Life Baud Power Appendix I SPECIFICATIONS One slot in IBM PC XT or Tecmar expansion chassis Fixed at IBM serial and IBM parallel printer I O locations COM1 or COM2 LPT1 or LPT2 Jumper selectable to 37D Hex or 27D Hex 1 TTL load bus line max PAL16R8 Intel 4164 or equivalent Approximately one year Serial Port 50 9 600 with 256K 1 6A 5V max 25mA 12V max 25mA 12V max 11 21 Appendix J THE PROGRAMMABLE ARRAY LOGIC PAL OPTION N Programmable Array Logic chips PALs perform pre programmed logical operations on data inputs The logical operations PALs can per form may be very simple but are often highly complex In the microcomputer realm PALs may perform functions ranging from data manipulation aids for fast Fourier transforms and butterfly sorts to soft ware locks to prevent unauthorized software access Fast Fourier transforms and butterfly sorts for example require that the bits in a byte of data be reversed Software algorithms to perform this operation are slow and cumbersome A PAL could on the other hand be programmed to do bit reversals of this kind with much greater speed and they eliminate the cumbersome software one normally needs for s
33. counter hours 5 R W counter day of the week 6 R W counter day of the month 7 R W counter months 8 R W latch thousandths of seconds 9 R W latch hundredths and tenths of seconds 10 R W latch seconds 11 R W latch minutes 12 R W latch hours 13 R W latch day of the week 14 R W latch day of the month 15 R W latch months 16 R interrupt status register 17 W interrupt control register 18 W counter reset 19 W latch reset 20 R rollover bit 21 W go command 1G The thousandths of seconds hundredths and tenths of seconds counters and latches run from 0 to 9 The seconds and minutes run from 59 The hours use the 24 hour clock and begin with 0 12 midnight and run to 23 11 p m The day of week day of month and month counters all begin with 1 not 0 The day of week runs from 1 Sunday to 7 Saturday The day of month ranges from 1 to 31 and the months begin with 1 January through 12 December In the hundredths and tenths of seconds counter and latch the high order four bits are the tenths of seconds and the low order four bits are the hundredths of seconds R W 58167 Clock Data After the location is selected by writing its number 0 21 to the clock ad dress latch data can be written to or read from the 58167 real time clock from this location The results of writing and reading each of the 22 loca tions of the clock will be detailed in the next section Programming 58167 Timer 2G Overview The 581
34. e Output 2 OUT 2 signal which is an auxiliary user designated output Bit 3 affects the OUT 2 output in a manner iden tical to that described above for bit 0 This OUT 2 enables the serial port interrupt when set to zero Bit 4 This bit provides a loopback feature for diagnostic testing of the INS8250 When bit 4 is set to logic 1 the following occur the Transmit ter Serial Output SOUT is set to the Marking logic 1 state the Receiver Serial Input SIN is disconnected the output of the Transmit ter Shift Register is looped back into the Receiver Shift Register input the four MODEM Control inputs CTS DSR RLSD and RI are disconnected and the three MODEM Control outputs DTR RTS OUT 2 are internally connected to the four MODEM control inputs In the diagnostic mode data that is transmitted is immediately received This feature allows the processor to verify the transmit and receive data paths of the INS8250 In the diagnostic mode the receiver and transmitter interrupts are fully operational The MODEM Control Interrupts are also operational but the interrupts sources are now the lower four bits of the MODEM Con trol Register instead of the four MODEM Control inputs The interrupts are still controlled by the Interrupt Enable Register The INS8250 interrupt system can be tested by writing into the lower four bits of the MODEM Status Register Setting any of these bits to a logic 1 generates the appropriate interrup
35. e computer When the cover will go no further tilt it up and remove it as shown in Figure 2A Figure 2A 2A rn Replacing the IBM Personal Computer Cover Use the following instructions to replace the cover of the IBM Personal Computer PC2 or XT computer 1 Position the computer s cover as shown in Figure Then push down on the cover while gently sliding it towards the rear of the com puter Figure 3A 2 When the cover is in place insert the six screws into the holes in the rear of the computer and tighten using a flat blade screwdriver See Figure 4A Figure 4A 3A Removing Expansion Chassis Cover Follow the instructions given below to remove the cover of the Tecmar expansion chassis 1 Remove the three screws on each side of the expansion chassis using a phillips head screwdriver as shown in Figure 5A Save the screws a Figure 5 2 Remove expansion chassis cover by lifting rear of cover and pulling towards the back of the expansion chassis as shown in Figure 6A Figure 6A 4A Replacing Tecmar Expansion Chassis Cover Follow the instructions given below to replace the cover of the Tecmar expansion chassis 1 Slide the front of the cover onto the back of the expansion chassis while holding the back of the cover up as shown in Figure 7A Push the cover forward and down to complete the installation Fi
36. ead first By masking the appropriate bits Data Ready receive or Transmitter Holding Register Empty transmit can be ascertained Since the Serial Port emulates the IBM serial port all supporting soft ware supplied by IBM can be used 14F ms PC DOS initializes the COM1 AUX port to 2400 baud 8 data bits 1 stop bit and no parity Also note that BASIC reinitializes this port dur ing it s initialization process and at this point the state of this port is undefined The user must explicitly define the port parameters using the OPEN statement For example the statement OPEN COMI 300 E 7 1 as 1 will set the COMI port to 300 baud even parity seven data bits and one stop bit No spaces occur within COML1 parameter string in the OPEN statement No error will be reported in the case of spaces occur ing but initialization will not be performed correctly Under 1 0 the PC DOS and BASIC COMI AUX software is designed for use with a modem not necessarily for use with a serial printer When using a serial printer one must tie CTS clear to send pin 7 on P1 to DSR data set ready pin 6 This will prevent Device Timeout or AUX I O errors from occuring because of modem expectations Below is a diagram of sample wiring connections to an Integral Data Systems Model 460 serial printer as an example Board P1 Port Function IDS 460 Printer Pin Pin 2 TX 3 3 RCV 2 5 CTS 20 6 DSR 20 7 Signal Ground T Also yo
37. ect valid interrupt source informa tion whether or not the board is interrupt jumpered This gives the op tion of not generating real hardware interrupts but instead reading the status register and acting upon the occurrence of a 1 at any bit as a polled operation The interrupt status register is referenced and read in the following way 1 Write a 16 to the clock address latch to choose the interrupt status register OUT 893 16 2 Read the register from the clock address The decimal number returned as a result will indicate which of the status bits is turned on Remember that performing a read on this register will clear it and reset the interrupt output Example To read the contents of the status register into the variable X X INP 895 If X equals 1 then the alarm comparator was the cause of the interrupt If X 4 then the seconds counter was the cause of the interrupt 9G Software Examples The following two software examples illustrate the programming pro cedures outlined in the previous section Each example treats a different function of the board Example 1 demonstrates setting and reading the time of day and date from the 58167 timer chip Example 2 illustrates the programming of the interrupts and how to read them in a polled manner Example 1 is written in BASICA and must be run in BASICA because it uses key trapping functions not available in BASIC Example 2 may be run
38. efore being sent to the clock registers Set the time of day and date entered on the 58167 clock This is accomplished by referencing each time and date registers and writing to it the entered data in proper BCD form This completes the setting of the time Enables the key trapping function which will allow you to terminate program execution when you are satisfied that the program is running correctly and the time is set correctly Reads the seconds register of the clock and converts the value to decimal using the TODEC function defined in line 100 A value one greater than the current second is deter mined PLUSEC The seconds are read again and again until the seconds roll over making the value of the seconds equal to the value of PLUSEC Read the rest of the time registers at the end of a one se cond interval Print the time of day and date on the screen The printing will occur every second because of the control loop in lines 690 700 Go back to line 680 and wait for another second to pass Sets a string equal to the name of the day of the week so that when the day and date are printed the name of the day of the week is printed instead of the number associated with that day 11G 940 1060 Sets a string equal to name of the month so that when the day and date are printed the name of the month is printed instead of the number associated with that month 1090 Upon entry of the Fl key this line is referenced It
39. es pro vided below Total System Memory ______K Total Captain Memory___________ K If you do not have 64K 65535 or 256K 262144 you will not be able to install the Captain board If you have 128K or 192K add more memory to your system board to bring it up to 256K If you have more memory than 256K you must readdress the memory above 256K to start where your Captain memory ends The following three pages should be used by persons who will be install ing Captain in the IBM Personal Computer the PC2 the XT or the Compaq computer If you will be installing Captain in the Columbia Desktop or another IBM look alike computer that does not use a system switch block to recognize memory skip the rest of this section and go to Configuration for the Captain Board 10 In order for the computer system to recognize Captain s RAM system memory the computer s system configuration switches must be set The system board is the bottom board on the computer system chassis Figure 2 below is a diagram showing a switch module exploded N out of a system board Figure 2 System Board Switch Module Locate the switch modules on your system board They are located just beyond the back left corner of Disk Drive A In the IBM Personal Com puter or PC2 the switches consist of switch modules labelled SW1 and SW2 The switch modules of your computer may have the word OPEN or ON printed on it In the
40. gure 7 2 Replace three screws on each side of the cover as shown in Figure 8A E Int Figure 8A Appendix SWITCH AND JUMPER MODULES Switch Overview Figure 1B shows the two types of switch modules that may be found ona system board or on an adaptor board AA ee oN PEDES Slide Switch Module Rocker Switch Module Figure 1B Switch Module You set the switch modules by depressing one side of the designated rocker switch or by sliding a slide switch towards one side of the switch module A switch set on OPEN or OFF is depressed or moved towards the bottom side of the switch module side opposite the numbers and a switch set on CLOSED or ON is depressed or moved towards the top side of the switch module slide toward the numbers Jumper Blocks There are two types of jumper blocks Either type may be found on an adaptor board The first type of jumper block is a plastic rectangle with small sockets holes in the top Positions in this type of jumper block are connected by placing a preformed U shaped piece of wire in the sockets of two adja cent sockets The two sockets must represent a position of the jumper block To disconnect a position remove the U shaped piece of wire with a pair of tweezers or needle nose pliers 1B The second type of jumper block is a plastic block with perpendicular wire pins Positions in this type of jumper block are connected by placing a
41. igure 15 Slide the Captain board down into the slot inserting the black metal Option Retaining Bracket ORB attached to the end of the board in to the opening created by the removal of the slot cover See Figure 16 Make sure that the gold fingers of the edge connectors on the bottom of the board are completely in the computer slot The serial port mounted in the ORB should now be accessible from the back of the computer 27 28 NZ p 5 c Figure 16 Install the screw layed aside in Step 3 into the top of the ORB to hold the board firmly in place Remove the slot cover from the remaining empty slot adjacent to the Captain board using the same procedure as in Step 3 The parallel port cable is attached at one end to the P2 connector See Figure 4 and at the other end to a black metal Option Retaining Bracket ORB Place the ORB attached to the end of the parallel port cable into the open slot as shown in Figure 17 Figure 17 FEN 9 Line up the hole in the top of the parallel port ORB with the hole left by the slot cover Make sure that the cable connector on the board is firmly attached to the parallel port pins P2 10 Remove all tools from the inside of the computer 11 Replace the cover of the IBM Personal Computer or the Tecmar pansion Chassis using the instructions in Appendix A This completes the installation of the Captain board It is now safe to ap ply power to
42. ime All signals associated with this port are on connector P2 The signal names apply only when connecting the port to an IBM printer or equivalent The pin out of P2 is Pin No Signal Name Pin No Signal Name 1 Strobe 14 AUTO FEED 2 DO 15 ERROR 3 Di 16 INIT 4 D2 17 SEL INP 5 D3 18 GROUND 6 D4 19 GROUND 7 DS 20 GROUND 8 D6 21 GROUND 9 D7 22 GROUND 10 ACK 23 GROUND 11 BUSY 24 GROUND 12 PE 25 GROUND 13 SEL The Parallel Printer Port responds to two output and three input instruc tions The output instructions transfer data into two latches whose out puts are available on P2 These outputs are also available to the CPU with two of the input instructions The third input instruction allows the CPU to read the steady state input points The five instructions their addresses and functions are Output to 378 Hex Printer data Output Bit 7 6 5 43 2 1 0 P2 Pin 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 The 8 bit value written to 378 Hex appears on the respective pins of P2 These pins are capable of sourcing 2 6mA and sinking 24mA 1E Input from 378 Hex Printer data The 8 bit value read from 378 hex is the 8 bit value latched by the most recent output to 378 hex Output to 37A Hex Printer control Output Bit 7 6 5 4 3210 Function No function Interrupt 17 16 14 1 Enable P2 pins Bit 0 thru 3 are used as control signals for the printer Of these bits 3 1 and 0 are sent out inverted If bit 4 is a 1 the card
43. in either BASIC or BASICA These example programs are provided to you only in these listings If you wish to actually run these programs you must first type the complete program in BASIC or BASICA Once the program has been completely entered you can then run it Complete listings and line by line explana tions of each example begin on the next page User entries required by the programs are clearly presented in menu form in the programs themselves 10G Example 1 Setting and Reading Time from the Captain Board General Description Example 1 illustrates the programming needed to set and read the time of day and date on the Captain board It allows the user to enter the time of day and then reads the time of day back from the board and prints it once per second Line by Line Explanation 10 100 120 170 200 390 420 480 510 570 600 640 660 700 710 750 770 810 820 850 920 Set the location of the clock address latch and the real time clock Define functions to convert decimal numbers to BCD and to convert BCD numbers to decimal Menu to allow choice between setting the time reading the time and exiting the program Prompts entry of the current time of day and date The en try format is described and the meaningful limits on the en tries are given Converts each item entered from decimal to BCD by use of the TOBCD function defined in line 70 All date and time entries must be converted to BCD b
44. indicates that the RLSD input to the chip has changed state Note Whenever bit 0 1 2 3 15 set to alogic 1 a MODEM Status in terrupt is generated if enabled Bit 4 This bit is the complement of the Clear to Send CTS input If bit 4 loop of the MCR Modem Control Register is set to a 1 this bit is equivalent to RTS in the MCR Bit 5 This bit is the complement of the Data Set Ready DSR input If bit 4 of the MCR is set to a 1 this bit is equivalent to DTR in the MCR Bit 6 This bit is the complement of the Ring Indicator RI input If bit 4 of the MCR is set to a 1 this bit is equivalent to OUTI in the MCR Bit 7 This bit is the complement of the Received Line Signal Detect RLSD input If bit 4 of the MCR is set to a 1 this bit is equivalent to OUT 2 of the MCR Receiver Buffer Register 3F8 Hex DLAB 0 The Receiver Buffer Register contains the received character Bit DO is the least significant bit and is the first bit received serially Transmitter Holding Register 3F8 Hex DLAB 0 The Transmitter Holding Register is written to with the character to be serially transmitted Bit DO is the least significant bit and is the first bit serially transmitted 13F Sample Program A simple example of setting up the INS 8250 Serial Port follows 10 OUT 1019 128 20 OUT 1016 12 30 OUT 1017 0 40 OUT 1019 3 50 OUT 1016 DATA Line 10 The address 1019 will access the Line Control Register as shown o
45. ion on PAL programming 1 Appendix Error Messages Parity Check If you see a Parity Check 2 error message on the screen you have prob ably set the switches wrong Just before this message appears two numbers will flash on the screen The second set of numbers will be 201 if you really have a memory error message The first set of numbers tells you which address in memory is involved The number will mean either 1 the memory on the Captain board is conflicting with existing memory or 2 you have set the switches on your computer s system board to indicate more memory than you have Check your switch settings Look at the charts below to find out what memory bank your error message has occured Table 1K Corresponding section on ist two Captain Board when the Range of Range of characters system board has Memory Memory of error Decimal HEX 64K 256K 00 System board 0 64K 0000 FFFF 10 1 system board 64 128K 10000 20 2 system board 128 192K 20000 30 3 system board 192 256K 30000 40 4 1 236 320K 40000 50 5 2 320 384K 50000 60 6 3 384 448K 60000 70 4 448 512 70000 80 5 512 576 80000 90 6 576 640 90000 1K Table 2K Last two characters of Row on error number Captain Board 01 0 02 1 04 2 08 3 10 4 20 5 40 6 8 0 7 If the first two characters of the error number are 00 then the switches on your system board have been set wrong Review Pages 8 13 and then check your system board swi
46. is correct I O select logic When the address is correct this section selects one of the I O sections for I O read or write operations Serial I O An RS 232 standard serial I O port jumper configurable as either DTE or DCE The serial port also can be used as a 20ma current loop port and has modem control signals The serial port is available through connector P1 Time of day clock The real time clock is made up of an address latch the clock itself 58167 and the battery for standby power Parallel printer port The printer port is completely compatible with all IBM software and is meant to connect to an IBM EPSON or equivalent printer The parallel printer port is available through connector P2 1 audi P TIME OF DAY 1 0 SELECT CLOCK b PARALLEL CONNECTOR PRINTER CONTROL ea DATA BUFFER MEMORY CONTROL PARITY GENERATOR Captain Board Block Diagram Figure 1 1 AA 2 Appendix D USE OF THE I O SECTIONS I O addresses used Address Function Read and or Write 888 Dec 378 Hex Printer Data R W 889 Dec 379 Hex Printer Status as LPTI R 890 Dec 37A Hex Printer Control R W 632 Dec 278 Hex Printer Data R W 633 Dec 279 Hex Printer Status as LPT2 R 634 Dec 27A Hex Printer Control R W 893 Dec 37D Hex Clock Address latch as TIME 1 W 895 Dec 37F Hex Clock data R W 637 Dec 27D Hex Clock Address latch W 639 Dec 27F Hex Clock data SUME AN 1016 Dec 3F8
47. memory to your system before continuing Tecmar supplies RAM expansion kits which can be installed with minimum effort on the Personal Computer s system board or you can remove memory from the Captain board to fill your system board The Columbia Desktop computer can only hold 128K on its sytem board You must add an additional memory board such as the Tecmar Dynamic Memory board in order to upgrade your computer to 256K Then you can install Captain The Compaq can only address 512K of memory Therefore Compaq cannot address more than 256K on your Captain As previously stated Captain is fully socketed for easy memory expan sion from 0 384K Ram in 64K increments Be sure before you install this board as normal system memory that your computer system board the board on the floor of your computer system has fully expanded RAM The Captain board offers many possible combinations of memory con figurations Each configuration requires unique switch settings on the system board and the Captain board As the potential user of the Cap tain you must set the proper memory configuration for your unique system In order to accomplish this task you must know two things about your system 1 The amount of memory RAM on your fully ex panded system board A formula for determining the total memory of your system is included in the switch setting section of this manual 2 The amount of memory you acquired on the Captain 8 board
48. more information about these com mands 32 Basic Printer Commands The following commands can be used in BASIC to control the printer 1 LPRINT list of expressions LPRINT USING x list of expressions These statements are identical to PRINT and PRINT USING except that output goes to the printer instead of printing on the screen 2 WIDTH LPTI size This statement sets the width of the output line in characters SIZE can be a number from 0 to 255 3 LLIST line line LLIST is equivalent to LIST but it sends the lines to the printer in stead of displaying them on the screen Refer to the IBM BASIC manual for more information about these com mands If you have configured your parallel port as LPT2 certain print com mands may not work They were designed to work with only You can be sure your parallel port LPT2 works by typing the following BASIC program 10 OPEN 1 2 FOR OUTPUT AS 1 20 PRINT 1 HELLO 30 CLOSE 1 33 USING THE SERIAL PORT PC DOS Serial Port Commands BASIC Serial Port Commands 35 USING THE SERIAL PORT Each computer language and operating system has its own commands protocols to send output to the serial port The reference below gives these commands for PC DOS and BASIC N PC DOS Serial Port Command To send information to COM1 or COM2 1 Set the port parameters with the MODE command MODE COMn baud parity databits stopbits P l where n
49. n the previous page as well as Table 2 Data 128 will set bit 7 high the Division Latch Access Bit DLAB 1 With this set high access can be gained to the Division Latches of the Baud Rate Generator Line 20 The address 1016 with 1 will access the Division Latch as shown in Table 2 which is the least significant of two 8 bit lat ches The data output to this latch will be determined by the desired baud rate Table 3 shows the proper divisor to use with the 1 8432 MHz crystal In this case we output 12 since 9600 is the desired baud rate Line 30 The address 1017 with DLAB 1 will access the Most Significant of two 8 bit latches Since our divisor of 12 was not above 255 it is represented by the Least Significant word Therefore our data Output to this register will equal zero Line 40 Once again the Line Control Register is accessed Data output is 3 which sets both word length bits to 1 number of stop bits to zero all parity bits to zero Sets Break to zero and resets the DLAB Setting both word length bits to 1 will result in a word length of 8 bits Because bit 3 equals zero parity is disabled so bits 4 and 5 will have no effect Bit 6 Set Break equals zero so the transmitter output will not be disabled Line 50 With DLAB 0 address 1016 will now access the Transmitter Holding Register Any data sent to this register will now be out put in serial format To send or receive the Line Status Register should be r
50. ng in the cable Remember a port configured as DTE only communicates with a DCE device If the ports are configured the same the Captain board or other device must be jumpered differently Check the manual included with the device you wil be connecting to the serial port for its configuration DCE or DTE Both DTE and DCE connections are given Circle the appropriate con figuration for your application To change the configuration on your Captain board connect the appropriate points on JPR1 DTE Connect positions A C E G I and K PIN 1 21 DCE Connect positions B D F H J and Sala EE F eB Figure 11 Block JPRI Connections Note The modem control signals RI and RLSD and the two 20mA cur rent loop data signals cannot have their signals changed by changing a jumper It is necessary to make the appropriate connections in the cable if these signals are required Note If you are connecting a serial printer to P1 you may get a Device Timeout error This is because IBM s software is looking for hand shaking signals on Pin 6 If you do not want to construct a special cable you may remove jumper wires E and G and connect Pin 6 to Pin 8 Refer to Figure 2F in Appendix F for the pinout of P1 22 Serial Port Jumper block JPR2 allows selection of a particular kind of data input Connect position B to select the standard RS 232 data input which is good for
51. nue setting latches B Reading the latches The procedure to read the latches is nearly the same as the procedure to read the counters 1 Select the latch to be read and send its address value 8 15 out the clock address latch Example To read the month OUT 893 15 2 Read the counter from the real time clock address Example To set X equal to the value of the latch X INP 895 If the value read is 204 then the latch is set to the don t care state C Resetting the latches The latches are reset in exactly the same manner as the counters except that the address value to select from the clock address latch is 19 the latch reset instead of 18 the counter reset See the section Resetting the counters for details and examples of the reset procedure 7G Programming Interrupts The 58167 timer includes interrupt control and status registers for setting and reading timer generated interrupts The interrupts can be generated from any of eight different sources By setting the interrupt control register you determine which source will cause an interrupt Reading the interrupt status register will tell you which source generated an interrupt that has just occurred The interrupt control and status registers are organized as follows Bit Interrupt Source month week day hour minute second tenth of second latch alarm output O NW 4 tA AS A Setting the interrupt control register The proced
52. or attempted by others modified or altered The product must be returned with proof of purchase in its original or other adequate packag ing to the point of purchase or by prior arrangements with Tecmar to Tecmar Claims must be made in accordance with the provisions of this paragraph within the applicable warranty period or they will be barred Tecmar reserves the ultimate authority to determine what constitutes warranty repair If it is determined that the product is not under warranty it will be repaired using Tecmar s standard rates for parts and labor Tecmar will use its best efforts to repair the product within three days after receipt thereof Tecmar shall not be responsible however for delays caused by shipping of non availability of replacement components or other similar or dissimilar causes events or conditions beyond its reasonable control The above warranty is the only warranty authorized by Tecmar THE ABOVE WARRANTY STATES THE PURCHASER S EXCLUSIVE REMEDY FOR ANY BREACH OF TECMAR S WARRANTY AND FOR ANY CLAIM WHETHER SOUNDING IN CON TRACT TORT OR NEGLIGENCE FOR LOSS OR INJURY CAUSED BY THE SALE OF ANY PRODUCT WITHOUT LIMITING THE GENERALITY OF THE FORE GOING TECMAR SHALL IN NO EVENT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY LOSS OF BUSINESS OR PROFITS DOWNTIME OR DELAY LABOR REPAIR OR MATERIAL COSTS INJURY TO PERSON OR PROPERTY OR ANY SIMILAR OR DISSIMILAR CONSEQUENTIAL LOSS OR DAMAGE INCURRED BY PUR CHASER EVEN IF TECMAR HA
53. ounters contain the real time clock information They may be written into to set the time or change it and may be read at any time without affecting the counting A Setting the counters The procedure for setting or changing the counters is as follows 1 Write to the clock address latch the number of the counter to which you wish to write Example To set the hours write OUT 893 4 2 Set the timer by writing to the clock the number to which you wish to set the counter Example To set the counter selected to 15 write OUT 895 21 15 decimal 21 BCD 3 Continue with these two steps until the counter registers desired are set B Reading the counters The procedure for reading the counters is very similar to the process of writing the counters Read the counters as follows 1 Write to the clock address latch the number of the counter which you wish to read Example To read the minutes write OUT 893 3 2 Read the counter from the clock Example To read the selected counter give the command X INP 895 X will equal the value of the counter selected in BCD If you are programming in assembly code it is possible to use the rollover bit This bit will go high if any counter changes its value during the read operation If the rollover bit is set then the counter must be re read within 900 microseconds or the rollover bit will be set again To use this feature write 20 to the clock address latch to select the rollover regis
54. plastic cap over two adjacent pins The two pins must represent a posi tion of the jumper block To disconnect a position remove the plastic cap by hand or with a pair of tweezers or needle nose pliers The two types of jumper blocks and connectors are shown in Figure 2B RR ME Figure 2B Jumper Blocks and Connectors When the connection has been made the position is jumpered In Figure 3B Jumper Block JPR1 is jumpered in Positions A and C Jumper Block JPRS is jumpered in Position B JPRS CD E Ola JPR1 Figure 3B Jumpered Positions 2B IBM 1 0 CHANNEL Appendix C BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION Data buffer A bidirectional buffer transfers data between the IBM data lines and the RAM and 1 sections on the board Memory control This sections controls the selection refresh and ad dress timing of the 256K bytes of RAM Using the settings of swit ches SW1 and SW2 this section determines which 64K byte sections of memory will be addressed The refresh provides the signals to the memory necessary to maintain the integrity of the memory It is user transparent 384K Bytes RAM An array of RAM modules providing 256K bytes by 8 bits 1 parity bit of memory space Parity generator When any word is written into the memory this sec tion produces the correct parity bit and when any word is read from the ISTMATE Board memory this section checks for the correct pari ty Checks to verify the data
55. positions of each jumper block Battery Figure 9 Right End of Captain Board The Captain clock calendar backup battery can be replaced by a Matsushita BR2325 or equivalent The location of the battery is illustrated in Figure 9 To replace it simply slip it out from beneath the clip which holds it in place Slip the new one into place with the same orientation as the original A safety fuse is also provided to prevent high voltages from entering the battery If this fuse blows contact Tecmar Do not simply replace the fuse it can only burn out as a result of some other hardware malfunction 20 JPR1 Serial Port The jumper block JPR1 is used to select the serial port as either Data Terminal Equipment DTE or Data Communication Equipment DCE Some devices such as modems are configured as DCE Others such as printers are configured as DTE Note DTE ports only communicate with DCE devices The Captain board is configured for DTE when shipped by Tecmar Therefore you do not have to change the jumper block if you will be con necting your serial port to a device configured as DCE for example a modem To connect it to a serial printer or another IBM compatible serial port jumper the board for DCE The configurations differ only in the location of the pin signals on the serial port The purpose of block JPR1 is to change the location of the pin signals Thus two different ports can be connected without any special wiri
56. processor In order to provide minimum software overhead during data character transfers the INS8250 prioritizes interrupts into four levels The four levels of inter rupt conditions are as follows Receiver Line Status priority 1 Received Data Ready priority 2 Transmitter Holding Register Empty priority 3 and MODEM Status priority 4 Information indicating that a prioritized interrupt is pending and the type of that interrupt are stored in the Interrupt Identification Register refer to Table 4 The Interrupt Identification Register IIR when ad dressed freezes the highest priority interrupt pending and no other inter rupts are acknowledged until that particular interrupt is serviced by the CPU The contents of the IIR are indicated and described below One interrupt line is provided to the system This interrupt is IRQ4 and will be active high To allow the serial port to send an interrupt to the system Bit 3 of the Modem Control Register must be set 0 low At this point any interrupts allowed by the Interrupt Enable Register will cause an interrupt Bit 0 This bit can be used in either a hardwired prioritized or polled en vironment to indicate whether an interrupt is pending When bit 0 is a logic 0 an interrupt is pending and the IIR contents may be used asia pointer to the appropriate interrupt service routine When bit 0 is a logic 1 no interrupt is pending and polling if used may continue Bit 1 and 2 These t
57. ps head screwdriver for Expansion Chassis The steps you must follow to use Captain are explained in the following pages or Appendixes of this manual They are 1 2 3 4 5 6 Unpack the PC Mate Captain board and place it on a flat surface Remove the cover of the computer system or Tecmar expansion chassis See Appendix A for step by step instructions Configure the system board and the Captain board Install the board Install the time setting software DOSTIME Familiarize yourself with the PC DOS and BASIC commands to control the serial and parallel port System Requirements Your system must meet the following requirements in order to use Captain 1 The Captain board may be installed in an IBM Personal Computer XT model computer Tecmar Expansion Chassis and some IBM look alike computers such as the Compaq or Columbia Desktop sonal Computer In the case of the look alikes be sure to set the ports LPT2 and COM2 At least one expansion slot in your Personal Computer or Expansion Chassis is required to install your Captain board If you have other memory expansion boards in the IBM PC XT PC2 or Compaq they must be removed set to a high memory area inaccessible to the operating system or set to memory addresses that do not conflict with the addresses used by the Captain board Refer to the manual that accompanied the memory expansion board and this manual to get the memory addresses cor
58. r Com paq personal computers your Captain serial port must be set as COM2 and your parallel port must be set as LPT2 Time 2 You must have a thorough understanding of the configuration your system requires The diagrams in Figure 8 show the settings that are possible for SW1 switches 5 6 7 and 8 Find the switch settings that cor respond to the requirements you have Circle each switch setting for your configuration Set the switches on the Captain board Double check the settings You will select one setting in the first column and one setting in the second column 8 nage CH OPEN COM1 selected LPT1 and Time 1 selected nad 00000808 COM2 selected LPT2 and Time 2 selected 123 45 6 7 12345678 00000080 00000004 Serial Port disabled Printer Port and Clock Calendar disabled Figure 8 Choices for Switch Settings The I O addresses corresponding to the selections you made for switches 5 6 7 and 8 are listed in Table 3 18 Table 3 I O Addresses for Selected Switches Selection Starting Address COMI 1016 DEC 3F8 HEX COM2 760 DEC 2F8 HEX LPTI 888 DEC 378 HEX LPT2 632 DEC 278 HEX TIME1 893 DEC 37D HEX TIME 2 637 DEC 274 19 Jumper Configuration Look at Figure 9 of the right end of the Captain board below The sym bols labelled JPR1 JPR2 and JPR3 represent jumper blocks on the board The numbers at each end of the jumper blocks represent the first and last jumper
59. ra tion This interrupt is routed thru IRQ4 for COMI for 2 4F Serial Port Registers Since the INS8250 is completely programmable the system programmer may set up the serial port for any of the different modes available as needed for communicating with a particular device The 8250 must first be initialized to the desired mode Table 1 shows the reset conditions of all registers in the 8250 The control Master Reset is the power on reset generated anytime the IBM Personal Computer power is turned on Table 1F Reset Control of Registers and Pinout Signals Register Signal Reset Control Reset State Interrupt Enable Register Master Reset All Bits Low 0 3 Forced and 4 7 Permanent Interrupt Indentification Master Reset Bit 0 is High Register Bits 1 and 2 Low Bits 3 7 are Permanently Low Line Control Register Master Reset All Bits Low MODEM Control Register Master Reset All Bits Low Line Status Register Master Reset All Bits Low Except Bits 5 amp 6 are High MODEM Status Register Master Reset Bits 0 3 Low Bits 4 7 Input Signal SOUT Master Reset High INTRPT Errs Read LSR MR Low INTRPT RCVR Data Read RBR MR Low Ready INTRPT RCVR Data Read IIR Write Low Ready THR MR INTRPT MODEM Read MSR MR Low Status Changes OUT 2 Master Reset High RTS Master Reset High DTR Master Reset High OUT 1 Master Reset High MR Master Reset All programming is accomplished by selecting the address
60. rcle the diagram Set switch 4 of SW1 of your Captain board according to one of the diagrams below Double check the setting 00080000 008100 1 5 Start at 64K Start at 256K Original IBM PC XT PC2 Columbia Desktop and Compaq models Figure 7 SW1 Switch 4 Settings Parallel and Serial Port Switches 5 6 7 and 8 on the Captain board SW1 switch module allow you to select COM1 COM2 LPT1 LPT2 and Timel Time 2 I O loca tions Read each of the following before proceeding with setting the four switches e Ifyou have an IBM Parallel Printer Adaptor already in your system you must set the parallel port on the Captain board to LPT2 If Cap tain is the third parallel port in your system the Captain port will be assigned the default name LPT3 e If you have the IBM Monochrome Display Adaptor in your system you do not need to set the parallel port as LPT2 The Captain ad dress settings do not conflict with the IBM Monochrome Display Adaptor address IBM s boot up procedures will assign the name LPT to the Captain port if it is the only other parallel port in the system 17 If you have additional serial port in your system as in an XT you must set the serial port on the Captain board to COM2 This is done to prevent I O address conflicts between the ports You will also need to change JPR3 the interrupt jumper e If you will be installing Captain in the Columbia Desktop o
61. rectly allocated The Columbia Desktop computer must have a memory expansion board that gives the computer 128K of memory for a total memory amount of 256 The software for setting the time and date on the clock calendar as well as the MEMDISK PRINTER and COPRINT programs can be run on either DOS V1 1 or V2 n The system board of your computer system must have its memory fully expanded before Captain can be installed The Compaq and Columbia Desktop Personal Computer must have the Captain serial port designated as COM2 and the Captain Parallel port designated as LPT2 The section Setting the Captain Jumpers of this manual will advise you how to set these ports as COM2 and LPT2 The Captain manual refers to the serial port as COMI or COMO and the parallel port as LPT1 or LPT2 These names assigned by PC DOS during boot up represent the port I O locations on the Captain board Timel Time2 in the manual represent the starting address of the Clock Calendar For information about these addresses refer to Appendix C of this manual N CONFIGURATION SECTION Setting the System Board for Memory Expansion 9 Configuration for Captain Board 14 CONFIGURATION SECTION Listed below is the amount of memory certain systems must have before Captain can be installed IBM PC 64K system board 64K IBM PC2 256K IBM XT 256K Columbia Desktop 256K Compaq 256K If you have less than the required memory you must add
62. ries are set to 204 decimal Write the converted times and the don t care codes established in lines 480 540 to the latches Enable the interrupt latch alarm by writing a 1 to the in terrupt control register Read the interrupt status register to clear it Read the interrupt status register until it indicates that the alarm comparator is true meaning that the time in the lat ches is the same as the time in the counters When this oc curs print a message indicating that an interrupt has oc curred print an end of program message and end the program Subroutines to assign day of the week names to the day of the week numbers This allows the day of the week to be printed for example as Sunday instead of 1 Subroutines to assign month names to the month numbers This allows the month to be printed for example as May instead of 5 pa o ou ep co tut gt pr pa wre OOO oo 140 150 150 170 180 190 200 240 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 REM Example 2 Program to set latcnes the 58167 and to cause interrupt on latch comparator aiarm KEM FEM Define a function to convert from BCD tq Decimal DEF FNTODEC X X 46G 1C X MOD 15 KEM Define a function to convert from Decimal to BCD DEF FNTOBCDIX 1X1103 6 X REM Set the Clock Address Latch and Real Time Clock Addresses RASE 833 Clock Latch is at
63. rupt on interrupt status interrupt to occur reference interrupt status DW TUESDAY RETURN DU WEDNESDAY RETURN DW THURSDAY RETURN DW FRIDAY RETURN DW SATURDAY RETURN REM REM Convert month numbers to month names MNTH JANUARY RETURN MNTH FEBRUARY RETURN MNTHS MARCH RETURN MNTHS APRIL RETURN MNTH MAY RETURN MNTH JUNE RETURN MNTH JULY RETURN MNTH AUGUST RETURN MNTH SEPTEMEER RETURN MNTH OCTOBER RETURN MNTH NOVEMBER RETURN MNTH DECEMEER RETURN control latch register status register to clear register alarm register fM Appendix H ADDING MEMORY TO CAPTAIN There are four rows or sections on your board where RAM chips may be installed for memory expansion When a section is filled with nine chips eight RAM chips and one chip for parity then 64K of memory has been installed The RAM chips must be installed in specified sections on the Captain board These rows and the order in which they should be filled are shown below 2 Parallel Printer Memory Section p 00 p ex vd p O N ne N p oo e 0OTTEPSILAd Figure 1H Memory Section of Captain 1H When adding memory insert modules so Pin 1 of each module is in the lower left hand corner of the socket There is always a mark on every chip to indicate which end Pin 1 is on This mark is usually a not
64. select for serial port Staring Memory Address Memory Activation Figure 5 Note When using the Treasure Chest of software you must give the 2 option for DOSTIME and SETTIME if your Cap tain board is jumpered for TIME2 Refer to the Treasure Chest Technical Reference for more detailed information 15 Memory Activation Switches 1 2 and 3 of switch module SW1 control the amount of RAM on the Captain board The switch module illustrations below show how switches 1 2 and 3 of SW1 would be set to activate 0 384K RAM in in crements of 64K Locate and circle the module that represents the amount of memory to be configured for your Captain Board ulis T 0 bytes activated 256K activated ca 8800000 99900000 o 10800000 WERDE 10800000 192K activated Figure 6 Captain Board Memory Settings Set switches 1 2 and 3 of SW1 of your Captain board according to the diagram of the switch module above Double check the settings See Appendix K for error messages that could occur when you turn on your computer 16 Starting Memory Address Switch 4 on the Captain board as SW1 lets you choose between two start ing addresses for Captain memory If you have an XT or PC2 computer you will have 256K on your system board If you have the original mode of the IBM Personal Computer you will have 64K on your system board Select the diagram that reflects the proper setting for your con figuration Ci
65. signals are available on connector P1 and the pin out is listed below P1 Serial Port Pinout configured as DTE Pin Signal 7 Ground 20 DTR Data Terminal Ready 4 RTS Request to Send 2 Serial Data Out 3 Serial Data In 11 Data Out Current Loop 9 Current Loop Return for Data Out 18 Current Loop Return for Data In 25 Optically Coupled Data In Current Loop 8 RLSD Received Line Signal Detect 6 DSR Data Set Ready 5 CTS Clear to Send 22 RI Ring Indicator Note There is a small but important difference between the IBM Asyn chronous Communications Adapter and Tecmar s IBM compatible serial ports IBM s serial port may function even when the Data Set Ready DSR line is left floating either unconnected or not driven by the serial device used this is however an improper and dangerous way to run an RS232 interface Tecmar serial ports by contrast will operate in DTE mode only when the DSR line pin 6 is driven by the remote device If this line is not driven the operating system will respond with a Device Timeout error Analogously if the Captain board is used in DCE mode pin 20 must be driven by the remote device or a Device Timeout error will occur To use Tecmar boards with a serial device which does not drive DSR pin 6 must be jumpered to pin 20 on the Tecmar serial port in either DTE mode or DCE mode 1F P2 Serial Port Pinout configured as DCE
66. stem inhibits the Interrupt Identification Register and the active high INTRPT output from the chip All other system functions operate in their normal manner including the setting of the Line Status and MODEM Status Registers The contents of the Interrupt Enable Register are indicated and described below Bit 0 This bit enables the Received Data Available Interrupt when set to logic 1 Bit 1 This bit enables the Transmitter Holding Register Empty Interrupt when set to logic 1 Bit 2 This bit enables the Receiver Line Status Interrupt when set to logic l Bit 3 This bit enables the MODEM Status Interrupt when set to logic 1 Bits 4 through 7 These four bits are always logic 0 MODEM Control Register MCR Hex This register controls the interface with a MODEM or device emulating a MODEM The use of the Modem Control Register is described below Bit 0 This bit controls the Data Terminal Ready DTR output When bit 0 is set to a logic 1 the output is forced to a logic 0 When bit 0 is reset to a logic 0 the DTR output is forced to a logic 1 Note The outputs of the INS8250 may be applied to an EIA inverting line driver such as the DS1488 to obtain the proper polarity input at the MODEM or data set Bit 1 This bit controls the Request to Send RTS output Bit 1 affects the RTS output in a manner identical to that described above for bit 0 Bit 2 No function Bit 3 This bit controls th
67. t if enabled The resetting of these interrupts is the same as in normal INS8250 operation To return to normal operation the registers must be reprogrammed for normal operation and then bit 4 of the MODEM Control Register must be reset to logic 0 Bits 5 through 7 These bits are permanently set to logic 0 12F IN MODEM Status Register Hex This 8 bit register provides the current state of the control lines from the MODEM peripheral device to the CPU In addition to this current state information four bits DO to D3 of the MODEM Status Register provide change information These bits are set to a logic 1 whenever a control input from the MODEM changes state They are reset to logic O whenever the CPU reads the MODEM Status Register The contents of the MODEM Status Register are indicated and described below Bit 0 This bit is the Delta Clear to Send DCTS indicator Bit 0 indicates that the CTS input to the chip has changed state since the last time it was read by the CPU Bit 1 This bit is the Delta Data Set Ready DDSR indicator Bit 1 in dicates that the DSR input to the chip has changed state since the last time it was read by the CPU Bit 2 This bit is the Trailing Edge of Ring Indicator TERI detector Bit 2 indicates that the RI input to the chip has changed from an On Logic 1 to an Off logic 0 condition Bit 3 This bit is the Delta Received Line Signal Detector DRLSD in dicator Bit 3
68. tches If the last two characters of the error number are anything other than the numbers given in Table 2K then either your parity chip is defective the parity chip is at the bottom in each column or there is a problem with another chip on your Captain board Contact your dealer If the last two characters do appear on the table in Figure 2K then the problem could be one of the following 1 a chip is in backwards refer to Appendix H 2 a chip has a bent leg or 3 a switch on the Captain board is set incorrectly Check the switches on your Captain board and also the chips in the indicated row 2K INDEX B BASIC 32 33 15F ER C clock calendar 3 4 battery changing 20 direct control 1G 15G interrupts 1G 15G I O function 18 19 23 jumpers 20 23 2B programming latches 7G synchronizing counters with real time 6G software examples 11G 16G COMI 4 6 15 18 19 23 15 COM2 4 6 15 18 19 23 15 connector 2B configuration 8 COPY command 32 CTRL P command 32 current loop 22 1F 3F D DCE 21 22 default drive 34 DTE 21 22 E Expansion Chassis 6 26 F features 4 I IBM parallel printer adaptor 17 installation 25 29 I O sections 1D J 21 22 JPR2 23 JPR3 23 jumpers 20 23 L LLIST 33 LPRINT 33 LPTI 3 6 15 18 32 1E 2E LPT2 3 6 15 18 32 1 2 M MODE command 36 37 modem 12F 13F O OPEN COM 37 Option Retaining Bracket ORB 27 P PAL 3 1J par
69. ted to management groups on a need to know basis The PAL chip is an option that must be purchased separately Features of Captain Fully socketed for easy memory expansion from 0 to 384K Bytes in 64K Byte increments Standard IBM PC parity checking RS 232 serial port is identical to the IBM serial port can be COM1 or COM2 and is compatible with IBM communications software Parallel port replaces the IBM Printer Adaptor board or the parallel port can be used with the IBM Monochrome Printer Adaptor On board jumper to configure serial port as DTE or DCE without rewiring or soldering Clock Calendar includes a battery and application software with automatic time setting functions Clock Calendar can generate interrupts from once a month to once every tenth of a second Both serial and parallel ports can be interrupt driven Treasure Chest Users Manual is included Treasure Chest Technical Reference Manual is included Manual Overview The Captain manual will help you configure your Captain board install it in your computer and use the software provided The manual is arranged in consecutive order The steps can be performed as you read them We do suggest however that you familiarize yourself with the entire manual before attempting to install the board Before proceeding you should assemble the following tools 1 regular flat blade screwdriver 1 pair tweezers or needle nose pliers 1 ballpoint pen 1 Philli
70. ter Then read the data port location to clear the rollover register Select and read the counter as described above Select and read the rollover bit again if it is a 1 re read the counter immediately Other wise the read was valid and you can continue to the next operation C Resetting the counters The counters can be reset through the reset registers on the timer chip To set all the counters to their lowest values write 255 to the counter reset register as follows 1 Write to the clock address latch an 18 to select the counter reset location OUT 893 18 2 Write to the clock a 255 to select reset of all the counters Example OUT 895 255 will reset all of the counters to their minimum values 5G D Synchronizing the counters with real time A special register is provided on the 58167 chip to make synchronizing the counter with real time easier This register is called the Go register Writing a 1 to the Go register resets the thousandths hundredths and tenths of seconds counters and the seconds counter The purpose of simultaneously resetting these registers is to allow the user to set the slower counters and then issue the Go command at the time when real time indicates that their values should all be zero Setting each of the faster counters seconds and faster individually results in inaccuracy because the setting process takes some time The time it takes the user to set the tenths of seconds
71. ter system column Set the switch SW2 on your system board ac cordingly 12 Table 2 System Board Switch Settings SW2 IBM PC Models With 64K RAM With 256K RAM IBM PC Models Amount of Captain Memory to Activate A 9 mmi 2 ei e w gt 64 128 Tl ON 192K ni e N N 320K e Double check your settings ONLY DESIGNATED SWITCHES SHOULD BE CHANGED Follow the diagrams and make no other changes 13 Configuration for the Captain Board Overview Look at the Captain board and then at Figure 4 below The labelled sym bols in the diagram are Switch 1 SW1 jumper blocks 1 3 JPR and the printer ports for parallel P2 and serial P1 ports The symbols represent parts of the Captain board Find each of the labelled parts on your board The parts will be important in configuring and using the Captain board Serial Port JPR2 1 SSS 24 v vt em Parallel Printer Port Memory Section 384K 320K 256K 192 128K 64K 0TTEPSILAd Figure 4 14 The Captain Board The symbol labelled SW1 in the Figure 4 diagram is switch module SW1 Eight numbered switches are on the module The switches serve as in dicators to convey information to the Captain board Figure 5 explains the use of the SW1 switch positions L enable disable printer port clock calendar enable disable serial port LPT1 LPT2 select for printer port COM1 COM2
72. u may experience difficulty when using a serial printer at high speeds If the printer has a large character buffer a Device Timeout or Device Fault error may occur during the time required for the printer to empty its buffer 15 16 DIRECT CONTROL OF THE TIMER CHIP This section explains how to program the 58167 Timer chip on the Tec mar Captain board The I O ports and their functions are presented A detailed explanation of the use of the 58167 IC as a time of day counter is given Example programs are included in this section The two examples illustrate the setting and reading of the 58167 as a time of day counter the setting of the latches and the use of the alarm comparator I O Locations and Functions The Captain Board clock address latch is located at 893 decimal 37D Hex for TIME1 or at 637 decimal 27D Hex for TIME2 and the Time of Day I C data is located at 895 decimal 37F Hex for TIME2 The use of these two locations is covered below and it is assumed the board is configured as TIME 1 R Read Function W Write Function The value written to this location from 0 through 21 decimal is the pointer to the internal location in the 58167 that is to be accessed next The functions of the 22 locations are as follows Location Functional Location in 58167 0 R W counter thousandths of seconds 1 R W counter hundredths and tenths of seconds 2 R W counter seconds 3 R W counter minutes 4 R W
73. uch operations One use of the PAL enables you to scramble data according to a set of predefined rules If a PAL is programmed in such a way whole disks full of data may be translated via PAL logic into an unintelligible form if the data is fed back through the PAL again then with proper programming it can be translated back into its original form Another important use of the PAL provides your system with a software lock out In such applications machine code instructions are imbedded in the software to write an eight bit byte to the PAL and to read the returned byte If the appropriate byte is not returned the software knows that the properly programmed PAL is not installed in the com puter being used It can then abort operation to keep important software from being accessed by non privileged systems For the user who lacks the resources necessary for PAL programming a limited service is offered by Tecmar to provide custom programmed software lock out PALs You specify a key number and a response number and Tecmar will program your PAL so that when the key number you selected is written to the PAL the PAL will always return your selected response number The user who wishes to custom program his PAL must have 1 a thorough understanding of PAL logic and 2 a properly equipped PROM programmer Refer to the PAL Programmable Array Logic Handbook Monolothic Memories 1981 for complete informat
74. ure to enable the timer interrupts involves setting the bits of the control register to select the interrupt source Writing a 1 into the bit will enable the interrupt to occur when the counter indicated by that timer rolls over to zero A 0 in a bit will disable that interrupt source If more than one of the interrupt control bits is set to 1 the interrupt will occur at the fastest rate selected An interrupt source is chosen and enabled in the following manner 1 Write a 17 to the clock address latch to select the interrupt control register OUT 893 17 2 Select the interrupt source by writing the decimal number to the clock that will turn on the desired bit s Example To enable an in terrupt to occur at the beginning of every hour OUT 895 16 Writing a 16 will set the fourth bit to 1 and enable the hour inter rupt Example To enable an interrupt to occur when the time set in the latches is the same as the time of the counters OUT 895 1 B Reading the interrupt status register The interrupt status register can be read to determine the source of an in terrupt A 1 at any bit indicates that the source for which that bit stands was the cause of the interrupt The bit will be a 0 if that source did not cause the interrupt The status bits that are 1 and the interrupt output are reset to 0 after a read of the status register 8G Note that status register will refl
75. wo bits of the IIR are used to identify the highest priority interrupt pending as indicated in Table 3F Bits 3 through 7 These five bits of the IIR are always logic 0 9F 10F Table 4F Interrupt Control Functions Priority Interrupt Interrupt Interrupt Bit 2 Level Source Reset Control 0 1 1 Highest Parity Error or EB Framing Error or Break Interrupt uu i 7 Receiver Line Status Reading the Line Status Register Reading the Receiver Buffer Register Reading the IIR Register if source of interrupt or Writing into the Transmitter Holding Register Received Data Available Receiver Data Available Transmitter Holding Register Empty Transmitter Holding Register Empty Clear to Send or Data Set Ready or Ring Indicator or Received Line Signal Detect Reading the MODEM Status Register MODEM Status Interrupt Enable Register 3F9 DLAB 0 This register enables the four types of interrupts of the INS8250 to separately activate the chip Interrupt INTRPT output signal It is possi ble to totally disable the interrupt system by resetting bits O through 3 of the Interrupt Enable Register Similarly by setting the appropriate bits of this register to a logic 1 selected interrupts can be enabled Disabling the interrupt sy

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