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User's Manual - finger gmbh & co. kg

1. Illegal commands commands whose parameters are outside the legal range and commands which contain more characters than the maximum 12 characters will be rejected by the SLS sensor Batch Commands The Distance Value Measurement Validity Laser Intensity and Probe Temperature commands all take a parameter nnnnn which determines how many values the SLS sensor should transmit The data transmitted as a result of such a command is referred to as a batch in the rest of this document These four commands may also be concatenated into a single command In this case they may appear in any order but they must precede the nnnnn parameter The parameter applies equally to all the data types in the command i e it is not possible to ask for one number of distance values and another number of temperature values 00 04 20 58 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Distance Value Command Dnnnnn gt msm unit LSBs Reply Dnnnn gt Drrr rrr gt msm unit millimeters Drr rrrrr gt msm unit inches This command causes the SLS sensor to transmit a number of distance values The number of values is determined by the parameter nnnnn The maximum value that can be used is 65535 A parameter value of 0 causes the SLS sensor to transmit distance values continuously until it receives another batch command The reply to this command differs with the measurement unit that is used The actual number of fractional di
2. 00 04 20 26 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB 4 6 Mechanical installation The SLS sensor must be mounted rigidly in such a way that neither thermal expansion of the fixture nor external forces may influence its position Otherwise the accuracy of the system will be affected and frequent re calibrations of the system may be necessary Calibrate the system as often as possible to avoid influence of mechanical fixture drift due to time and temperature Make sure that the optical path is not obstructed It is possible during installation that unintentional exposure to laser light may occur take extra care not to look into the laser aperture of the SLS sensor unless you are certain that the laser beam is turned off Tools that are used during installation may give mirror like reflections If possible wear protective goggles The laser beam of the SLS sensor cannot burn skin Eight plastic mounting washers are enclosed in the delivery These washers may be used to electrically isolate the sensor from its mounting surface see figure below M6 mounting bolts Isolation Washers washers Mounting surface Figure 24 Illustration of how to mount the plastic mounting washers 00 04 20 27 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Mounting Surface oo lt gt Air purge inlet Drill diam 10 5 11 0 mm Mounting plate Bolt M8 Isolation washer 4x Washer 4x Mounting Holes M8 4x DANGER L
3. SO Example Sensor is SLS5325 400 gt SF 16 64 mm mA SO 400 mm D 10 13 5 16 64 400 341 76 mm SO 400mm 00 04 20 19 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 Analog current scale factors SFr for SLS5 6000 sensors MR mm 0 20 mA SF 4 20 mA SF mm mA mm mA 0 3072 16 0 8192 20 1 024 2 6 i 3 4 100 5 1 6 7 6 9 2 48 4 6 11 2 12 8 14 4 16 0 19 2 00 04 20 20 LMI Selcom AB 809022 4 4 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Load conditions for analog output The current output load resistance should not exceed 500 ohms A return path to ground should be provided via pin 11 GND The total resistance in the analog out lead and the ground lead must not exceed 15 ohms SLS5000 connector 0 20mA pin 13 max 500 ohm 0 10 VDC DID T max 100 meters max 7 5 ohm signal lead Figure 15 Example of connection Note We recommend the use of temperature stable resistors to reduce the effects of voltage variations due to resistance changes Always turn the power off before connecting or disconnecting the analog output load 00 04 20 21 809022 4 4 1 Valid out SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Alternative connections for valid output The output transistor conducts as long as the measurement is valid BV V SLS2000 4 7 k ohm 100 ohm green LOW Valid I max 50 mA HIGH Invalid yellow pues Figure 1
4. 1991 and American standard IEC 825 The following is an example of a calculation Laser safety class Wave length Pulse frequency Duty cycle Pulse length Laser diode power Max sensor power 50 loss in optics and mechanics Normal pulse power Normal average working power 50 duty cycle Aperture 3B L Pmax Psmax Ppmax Pnave 785 nm 16 kHz 50 31 2microsec 35 mW 17 5 mW lt 10 mW lt 5 mW 4 8 mm The calculations are made as follows 1 Calculate by using tables in the standards the maximum permissible exposure MPE during a specified period of time 2 Calculate the maximum energy in each pulse sent out by the sensor 3 This energy must be distributed over an area to satisfy the MPE value 4 The results stated in section 3 3 are adjusted upwards compared to the calculations below 00 04 20 52 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB 5 Maximum Permissible Exposure for a single pulse MPEs at the cornea for direct exposure to laser radiation during T 31 2 10 6 seconds is given by the equation EN 60825 1991 table VI page 42 MPEs t T 31 2 10 s 18 C4 t0 75 J m 2 where C4 10 L 700 500 MPE 0 011 J m2 During 1000 seconds 16 10 6 pulses are produced The Maximum Permissible Exposure for the pulse train MPE must be reduced by a factor given by the equation EN60825 1991 13 3 1 MPEt MPEs N 9 25 where N number of pu
5. Conventions The following conventions are used in this document hnnnnn Rrr rrr UX X X OxXXXX 00 04 20 Groups of the letter n stand for integer numbers written with ASCII characters The number of n s indicate the maximum permitted number of characters Fewer characters may be used Groups of the letter r stand for real numbers i e numbers with an integer part and a fractional part written with ASCII characters The number of r s to the left of the decimal point indicate the maximum permitted number of characters for the integer part and the number of r s to the right of the decimal point indicate the maximum number of characters for the fractional part Fewer characters may be used and the decimal point may be omitted if it is not needed The notation 0xXX indicates a binary byte value The two following characters are in hexadecimal notation NOTE This is not an ASCII representation For example if a byte value is given as 0x41 only one character one byte will be sent in this case the character A and not the four characters 0 x 4 1 Where successive bytes refer to different types of data they are distinguished by the notation 0xXX OxYY etc The notation 0xXXXX indicates a binary word value It is transmitted as two characters bytes with the most significant byte first Where successive words refer to different types of data they are distinguished by using the notation 0x
6. Figure 19 Example of filter 00 04 20 23 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB 4 5 Electrical installations examples Below are four examples of electrical connections using the available interfaces provided by the SLS sensor 4 5 1 Analog output 0 20 mA Analog output with filtering see Appendix C SLS5000 User end 4 7 k ohm connector 8 i i i LOW Invalid HIGH Valid A 24 VDC Remote control N 24 VDC Key switch Figure 20 Analog output with filtering 00 04 20 24 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB 4 5 2 Selcom synchronous serial interface SLS5000 User end connector 3 Clock 4 Clock inverse ____Data 5 D Connect to SSP connector J1 or J2 ref to SSP manual 6 Data inverse Connect to OIM II board connector P2 ref to OIM manual If an OIM I board is used the Key switch must be provided GND 11 A ref fig 4 4 1 14 Laser ON 15 _ Power 24 VDC I Figure 21 Selcom synchronous serial interfaceRS422 interface SLS5000 User end connector 6 E Tx Rx 11 OND GND 14 L LON igoal Power 24 VDC R 24 VDC Remote control v 24 VDC Key switch Figure 22 RS422 interface 00 04 20 25 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB 4 5 3 RS232 interface SLS5000 User end connector 14 Laser ON 15 Power 24 VDC I l R 24 VDC Remote control es 24 VDC Key switch Figure 23 RS232 interface
7. 1 LSB Stop LSBs 1 LSB HW handshake None SW handshake XON XOFF RS 232 ASCII reply mode only Max update 50 Hz RS 232 ASCII reply mode rate 100 Hz RS 232 binary reply mode 1000 Hz RS 422 The SLS sensor always operates as a slave i e it never initiates a data transfer itself All data transfers must be requested by an external device referred to in the rest of this document as the master The master can communicate with the SLS sensor either via RS 232 or RS 422 The RS 422 command set is a subset of the full RS 232 command set RS 232 commands are always ASCII whereas RS 422 commands are binary The output from the SLS may be either ASCII or binary over RS 232 but is always binary over RS 422 00 04 20 56 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Definitions Distance Value The reply differs with the measurement unit that is used The actual number of fractional digits in the case of millimeters or inches depends on the sensors scale factor Measurement The reply gives the validity of the signal as a percentage of the Validity last 100 samples Laser Intensity The reply gives the laser intensity as a percentage of the maximum The maximum is calibrated when the sensor is manufactured A command for reading the actual laser power in milliwatts exists in RS232 ASCII reply mode see section Laser Intensity Sensor The reply gives the temperature in degrees Celsius It is Temperature measured inside the sensor
8. 3 Sensor configurations SLS 5000 Spot size Irradiance Resolution at SO angle A 1LSB mm degree 7 4 Spot size Irradiance Resolution at SO angle A 1 LSB mm degree m 0 5 0 25 0 5 0 25 0 5 0 16 0 5 0 16 93 75 750 0 5 0 16 131 25 1000 0 5 0 12 93 75 1000 0 5 0 12 143 75 1000 0 5 0 12 181 25 0 5 0 1 137 5 0 5 0 1 212 5 0 1 250 00 04 20 47 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Eh CE Close end of SO Stand FE Far end of measurement range Off distance measurement range MR Measurment Range Figure 39 Illustration of laser beam Output signal interface Analog current source external impedance max 500 Q max cable length 100 m selectable at delivery 0 20 mA see manufacturers serial number label Far end value U mA Close end value 20 mA Resolution 4 88 microA LSB or 4 20 mA Far end value 4mA Close end value 20 mA Resolution 3 90 microA LSB 00 04 20 48 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB a fo Step function l i Analog output l Td time ms Figure 40 The step response Td delay time Tc time constant Time Error of step Te 36 2Tc 13 3Tc 5 4 Tc 2 External impedance 500 QTd 200 us Tc 80 us at 2 kHz bandwidth External impedance 500 Q filter according to appendix C Td 300 us Tc 100 us at 1 6 kHz bandwidth Digital RS232 C No hardware handshaking Protocol SLS ASYNCH 1 Ref Appendix E
9. For a given sensor measurement range the only valid scale factor figure is given in the table on page 19 It is NOT CORRECT and will lead to erroneous results if the measurement range is simply divided by the current range If an absolute distance between the target and the sensor or some other ref Point is to be computed it is necessary to be aware of the fact that the fixed calibration point between the sensor and the current output is defined at the Stand Off distance as being 10 mA for a 0 20 mA sensor and 12 mA for a 4 20 mA sensor 00 04 20 17 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB 4 3 2 Referencing of analog current output to sensor target distance 4 20 mA case D mm Far End SO is fixed point for the relation between MR and I Stand off SO Close End 4 12 20 I mA Compute distance D sensor target D 12 I SF SO Where SO Stand Off distance i e distance from sensor front to MR midpoint SF Analog current output scale factor Expressed as mm mA I Analog current output in mA D Measured distance from sensor front to target in mm Example Sensor is SLS5200 300 gt SF 12 8 mm mA SO 300 mm D 12 5 5 12 8 300 383 2 mm 00 04 20 18 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB 0 20 mA case D mm Far End Stand off SO Close End 0 10 20 I mA Compute distance D sensor target D 10 D SF
10. Temperature 0x0001 is of course the data count 1 OxXXXX is the distance value OxYY is the validity 0xZZ the intensity and OxTT the temperature Single Commands Laser On Off Command L1 gt laser on L0 gt laser off Reply 0x71 laser on 0x70 laser off Averaging Factor Filter Cutoff Frequency Command Annnn gt Reply 0xA0 OxXXXX The first binary word after the identifier 0xA0 is the parameter nnnn in binary form 00 04 20 66 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Set Output Rate For Batch Data Command Bnnn gt Reply 0xB0 0xXX The first binary byte after the identifier 0xB0 is the parameter nnn in binary form The parameter may be as low as in binary reply mode giving an output rate of 100 Hz Synchronize reset filter Command S gt Reply 0x90 Set Nominal Value for calibration Command Nnnnn gt measurement unit LSBs Reply 0x80 OxXXXX This command can be used only if the measurement unit is LSBs The first binary word after the identifier 0x80 is the parameter nnnn in binary form Calibrate Command C gt Reply 0xC1 calibration was OK 0xC0 calibration failed Reset Calibration Command R gt Reply 0xD0 00 04 20 67 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Illegal commands Command Q gt as an example of an illegal command Reply 0xFF Binary commands and replies RS 422 Both commands and replies sent over RS 422 are binary The comm
11. an example of a calculation Laser safety class 3B Wave length L 675 nm Pulse frequency f 16 kHz Duty cycle 50 Pulse length T 31 2 microsec Laser diode power Pmax 30 mW Max peak sensor Ppmax 20 mW power Max average sensor Pgmax 10 mW power Aperture a 5 4 The calculations are made as follows 1 Calculate by using tables in the standards the maximum permissible exposure MPE during a specified period of time 2 Calculate the maximum energy in each pulse sent out by the sensor 3 This energy must be distributed over an area to satisfy the MPE value 4 The result stated is adjusted upwards compared to the calculations below 5 The results Maximum Permissible Exposure for a single pulse MPEs at the cornea for direct exposure to laser radiation during T 31 2 10 8seconds is given by the equation EN 60825 1991 table VI page 42 MPEs t T 31 2 10 6 s 18 t9 75 J mr 2 MPEs 0 0075 J m 2 00 04 20 82 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB During 1000 seconds 16 10 6 pulses are produced The Maximum Permissible Exposure for the pulse train MPEt must be reduced by a factor given by the equation EN60825 1991 13 3 1 MPEt MPEs N 0 25 where N number of pulses expected in an exposure 16 10 6 pulses MPEt 0 00012 J m 2 Energy in each pulse H P T 3 1 10 7 J where P is Psmax for calculations according to standards power losses due to mechanical constraints and optical transmissio
12. be transmitted in the batch The maximum is OxFFFF 65535 values and the minimum is 0x0001 1 value If the parameter is 0x0000 data will be transmitted continuously until the next batch command is received 00 04 20 68 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Measurement Validity Command OxE2 0xXXXX Reply OxE2 OxXXXX OxYY OxYY repeated OxXXXX times The parameter 0xX XXX works the same as for the Distance Value command Laser Intensity percent of maximum Command OxE4 0xXXXX Reply OxE4 OxXXXX OxYY OxYY repeated OxXXXX times The parameter 0xXXXX works the same as for the Distance Value command Sensor Temperature C Command OxE8 0xXXXX Reply OxE8 OxXXXX OxYY OxYY repeated OxXXXX times The parameter 0xX XXX works the same as for the Distance Value command Special Batch Command OxFO OxXXXX Reply OxF1 OxYYYY repeated OxXXXX times 0xZZ OxTT This command requests a batch of OxXXXX distance values followed by one laser intensity and one temperature value Note that the reply identifier in this case is not identical to the command identifier This is for backward compatibility reasons A parameter value of 0x0000 cannot be used with this command and would in any case be useless this would in effect be equivalent to the command 0xE1 0x0000 Note For compatibility the count parameter is NOT included in the reply of this command 00 04 20 69 809022 SLS User Manua
13. direction of the receiving lens can vary rapidly over time and with a wide range of magnitude Black materials scatter only a small part of the incident light Black materials in combination with a shiny appearance like fresh extruded rubber or wet asphalt require a very powerful light control It is important to use an SLS sensor specially designed for measurement on this type of surface Black material General group Shiny material Figure 32 Illustration of reflection Advise For extremely shiny materials like molten metal magnesium with protection gas or coated zinc plates very close to the bath without any skin or oxide on the surface it may be necessary to tilt the SLS sensor somewhat to get enough light in the direction of the receiving optics consult LMI Selcom Note that some material ages optically e g car paint or uncured rubber Compare an absolutely fresh sample from the extruder measured immediately and after 15 minutes a great difference will be noticeable Transparent materials Transparent materials cannot be measured since no light is scattered on the surface e g glass Transparent materials like coolant oil or water on a surface will add roughly half the thickness of the oil or water layer given by the refraction index to the thickness or position data Advise The compensation for the layer thickness is roughly 50 of the actual transparent layer thickness For oil and water layers 00 04 20 36 80902
14. means Section Sensor Info Sensor type The sensor s official type designation Part number LMI Selcom s internal part number Serial number The serial number of this particular sensor Date The date when the Quality Record was printed Operator The name of the person who was responsible for preparing this sensor for delivery Signature The operator s personal signature Section Parameters Measurement Range The nominal Measurement Range for the sensor type The actual Measurement Range for each individual sensor may be different from the nominal value by as much as shown by the tolerance indication in parenthesis Mounting Standoff The nominal Mounting Stand Off for the sensor type The actual Mounting Stand Off for each individual sensor may be different from the nominal value by as much as shown by the tolerance indication in parenthesis Scale Factor The nominal Scale Factor for the sensor type The actual Scale Factor for each individual sensor may be different from the nominal value by as much as shown by the tolerance indication in parenthesis The output interfaces available in this sensor Optocators always have just one output the Selcom output SLS sensors have multiple outputs RS 232 one out of two different analog outputs and one out of either the Selcom or RS 422 See section Explanations below for 00 04 20 76 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Sel
15. measurements Geometry of the material Secondary reflections The SLS sensor position data is given by the center of gravity of laser light on the detector The laser light must origin from the laser spot on the surface If laser light scattered from the spot reaches the detector via a secondary reflection that may affect the reading In most cases the phenomena can be avoided by orienting the SLS sensor according to the figure below WRONG CORRECT Profiling Figure 37 Sensor orienteering 00 04 20 40 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE It is possible during service and maintenance that unintentional exposure to laser light may occur takes extra care not to look into the laser aperture of the SLS sensor unless you are certain that the laser beam is turned off Tools that are used during installation may give mirror like reflections If possible wear protective goggles The laser beam of the SLS sensor cannot burn skin No changes or modifications may be made to the sensor or its cable unless you have a written permission from LMI Selcom If the sensor is opened or modified without permission warranty is voided For service contact the LMI Selcom office closest to your location or your local distributor It is recommended that the following be performed on a regular basis depending on environmental conditions Keeping the front glass clean 1 Turn the power OFF s If LMI Selcom
16. provides the power supply remove the key e Other wise make sure that the power cannot be unintentionally turned on 2 Wipe the front glass clean using a soft lint free cloth if necessary moisten with mild cleaning fluid e g cleaning alcohol 3 Check the front glass for adherent particles or damage If damaged contact your LMI Selcom representative 4 Turn the power ON 00 04 20 41 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Visual check for damage 1 Turn the power OFF If the power supply is provided by LMI Selcom remove the key Other wise make sure that the power cannot be unintentionally turned on 1 Check the sensor for mechanical damage 2 Check the cable for damage 3 Check that mounting screws bolts are tightened 4 Check that any extra accessories are working 5 Check filters and hoses for air purge 6 Check calibration block 7 Turn the power ON LED indicators Yellow and Green 1 Both LED OFF Main power to the SLS is OFF Check the 24 VDC supply 2 Both LED ON e Power up and initialization sequence approximately 10 sec e The sensor set up menu is active SLS5000 and SLS6000 only see Appendix E Parameter Setup 3 Green LED ON Laser is ON Object in measurement range or in a false measurement range check distance between sensor and object Laser spot invisible to the naked human eye 00 04 20 42 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB 4 Yellow LED ON e Laser i
17. 16 pin CONTACT series R2 5 pin connector front views Note The DSUBmin connector meets IP50 NEMA 1 The connector may require extra protection if mounted in a humid environment although dust alone will not require any added precautions The CONTACT connector meets IP65 NEMA 4 when connected with mating connector The SLS data can only be accessed through the interface that was specified at the time of ordering see serial number label Output 00 04 20 15 809022 4 2 4 2 1 4 2 2 4 2 3 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 Cable requirements Cable length Interface Pin number RS 232 1 9 11 S or Selcom 3 4 5 6 Analog 11 13 Invalid 8 12 LMI Selcom AB Max cable length 15m 100 m 100 m lt 7 5 Q signal lead 100 m Signal leads with demand for twisted pairs Interface Pin number RxD GND 1 11 RS232 TxD GND 9 11 RS232 CLOCK CLOCK 3 4 inverse DATA DATA 5 6 inverse Rx Rx RS422 3 4 Txt Tx RS422 5 6 Signal leads without demand for twisted pairs Signal lead Pin number Analog out Current 13 source Laser ON 24VDC 14 5 32 VDC Invalid out 12 optocoupled Invalid out 8 optocoupled 00 04 20 16 809022 4 2 4 4 2 5 4 3 4 3 1 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Power supply leads Main power The power supply leads should be dimensioned so that the voltage between pin 15 24VDC and pin 11 GND never falls below 18 VDC For a 24 VDC powe
18. 2 4 8 5 4 8 6 4 8 6 1 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Semitransparent materials The semitransparent material will scatter enough light to produce a stable measurement but there will also be a penetration of light into the material and a contribution from internal reflections as well as background reflections The result is a position reading that is below the actual surface The offset value depends on the degree of transparency In many situations the offset is small and constant and can be calibrated for A method to measure this offset is to stick a thin strip of adhesive paper to the surface and scan the material the thickness of a paper is approximately 0 1 mm Transparent Reflective Semi transparent Figure 33 Light behaviour on transmission material Unstable thickness reading In the case of a dual sensor system the sensors will receive not only reflected light but also the transmitted light from the opposite SLS sensor Since they are working at nearly the same frequency they will interfere with each other The output from the system will contain a low frequency component 1 Hz even if the set up is in steady state This is an important phenomenon that has to be considered in all dual applications Note that special designed SLS sensors can be ordered to avoid this phenomenon Advise Single sensor thickness measurement using a mechanical reference Offset compensation for penetration can b
19. 22 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB 2 3 Manufacturers serial number label Selcom 1 1 BOX 250 S 433 25 PARTILLE SWEDEN 2 o 4 5 6 8 Figure 3 Manufacturers serial number label The serial number label contains the following information 1 The address of LMI Selcom AB in Sweden 2 The part number of the product Refer to this part number when contacting LMI Selcom 3 Type description of the sensor SLS5070 200 BM means SLS5000 Measurement Range 70 mm Stand Off 200 mm Optimized for Building Material BM Other applications are MM Molten metal RO Road RU Rubber SW Saw mill Other letter combinations may occur 4 Serial number of the sensor Refer to this serial number when contacting LMI Selcom 00 04 20 5 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB 5 Available outputs one analog and one digital The outputs are selected when ordering the sensor Possible combinations are mA Selcom mA Selcom mA RS422 mA RS422 RS232 is always available ref to appendix E for details 6 Month of manufacture 7 Year of manufacturer 8 CE mark Indicates that the product fulfills the emc directive according to EN 89 336 EEC The SLS sensors consist of a light source and a detector integrated with optics and electronics The light source is a near infrared semi conductor laser diode This laser diode illuminates a spot on the surface of the object to be measured log car body gy
20. 6 Example of connection current sink BV SLS connector pin 12 I max 50 mA LOW Invalid HIGH Valid 4 7 k ohm Figure 17 Example of connection current source 00 04 20 22 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Due to cable crosstalk the spectral characteristics of the analog current output as measured over a 100 Ohm resistor may have the following principal appearance SLS5000 signal spectrum HF noise spectrum 1 10 100 kHz Figure 18 Illustration of spectrum The analog output of the SLS sensor mainly finds its use in low bandwidth industrial measurement and control applications The signal conversion equipment in such applications is normally band limited to low frequencies making the system insensitive or high frequency noise For some wide band applications like vibration analysis or when the signal is to be manually studied with an oscilloscope the high frequency noise may be a problem In these casesan anti aliasing filter may be added between the load resistor and the registration equipment A simple but in most cases sufficient filter is shown below The components as chosen will give an upper frequency limitation of 1 6 kHz It is important that the filter and the registration equipment is connected with as short cabling as possible to avoid additional noise pick up SLS5000 connector l output pin 13 pr 10 k ohm Registration 10nF equipment pin 11
21. 900 Fax 1 248 355 3283 LMI Sensors 95 Valkenburgweg 223 6419 AT Heerlen Netherlands Tel 31 45 571 93 00 Fax 31 45 574 25 00 LMI Selcom AB LMI DynaVision 205 7088 Ventura Street Delta BC V4G 1H5 Canada Tel 1 604 940 0141 Fax 1 604 940 0793 Printed in Sweden 809022 O N J Ln RD WN GE O 4 4 Ln Ln Ln Ln Ln E BB DB BR G d LJ L D DIN a mm a k fm K Ne NANDAAN a ONN Lh Lh Lh E a PAI E aA G Lh MW a OO SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB INTRODUCTION This manual is a description of the Selcom Laser Sensor SLS family SLS 5000 and SLS 6000 The sensors have laser classification 2 or 3B Read chapter 3 Safety Requirements before connecting the sensor For specific sensor configurations such as wide spot see Appendix I This sensor is intended for use in applications where distance thickness or level is to be measured The ambient temperature surrounding the sensor should be 0 C to 50 C but the temperature of the measured object may vary from deep frozen to 1600 C The sensor is equipped with a temperature guard that shuts the laser off should the surrounding temperature exceed the limits The sensor is not intended for measurement on objects hotter than 1600 C No changes or modifications may be made to the sensor or its cable unless you have a written permission from LMI Selcom If the sensor is opened or modified without permission warranty is voided For your own safety follow the instructions in th
22. ASER MEASUREMENTS SLS 6000 Class 3B Figure 25 SLS 6000 00 04 20 28 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB 4 6 1 For a single SLS sensor system The distance between the SLS sensor and the reference plane must not be changed a z 7 Target gt q 4 Reference Reference roller roller Figure 26 Measurement against the reference plane 1 Laser beam 2 Ifthe incoming laser beam is not perpendicular to the measured surface compensation for the angle may be necessary 3 Good contact between the reference surface and the measured material is important 4 Eccentricity of a reference roll may cause variation in the thickness value Keeping track of the roll while performing multiple calibrations may solve this problem 00 04 20 29 809022 4 6 2 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB For a dual SLS sensor system The distance between the two SLS sensors must not be changed between calibration and measurement The accuracy of a dual SLS sensor system for thickness measurement is highly dependent on laser beam adjustment of the two sensors It is necessary to have the two laser beams concentric through the entire measurement range In the left figure below the thickness will decrease when the measured object is tilted as in the figure and increase more than correct when tilted the other way In the right figure the thickness of the measured object will increase for any tilt angle W
23. IMISelcom finger ing MEASUREMENT amp CONTROL User s Manual SLS 5000 SLS 6000 SLS 2400 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 2 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION 2 1 IDENTIFICATION OF PARTS SLS 5000 2 2 IDENTIFICATION OF PARTS SLS 6000 2 3 MANUFACTURERS SERIAL NUMBER LABEL 2 4 THE ANALOG POSITION SENSITIVE DETECTOR 3 SAFETY REQUIREMENT 3 1 SYMBOLS 3 2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS 3 3 SAFETY DISTANCE 3 4 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS 3 5 WARNING LABELS 4 INSTALLATION 4 1 PIN CONFIGURATION 4 2 CABLE REQUIREMENTS 4 3 ANALOG OUTPUT 4 4 LOAD CONDITIONS FOR ANALOG OUTPUT 4 5 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS EXAMPLES 4 6 MECHANICAL INSTALLATION 4 7 HINTS FOR MEASUREMENTS 4 8 MATERIAL 5 SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE 6 BLOCK DIAGRAM 7 TECHNICAL DATA 7 1 DIMENSIONS SLS 5000 7 2 DIMENSIONS SLS 6000 7 3 SENSOR CONFIGURATIONS SLS 5000 7 4 SENSOR CONFIGURATIONS SLS 6000 7 5 SELCOM SERIAL SYNCHRONOUS INTERFACE APPENDIX A REVISION PAGE APPENDIX B SAFETY DISTANCE CALCULATIONS APPENDIX D ACCESSORIES APPENDIX E SLS ASYNCH 1 PROTOCOL APPENDIX F SLS POWER UNIT 24 APPENDIX G QUALITY RECORD APPENDIX H DIMENSIONAL DRAWINGS APPENDIX I WIDE SPOT SAFETY DISTANCE CALCULATION LMI Selcom AB Box 250 S 43325 Partille SWEDEN Tel 46 0 31 336 25 10 Main 46 0 31 336 25 00 Fax 46 0 31 44 61 79 Internet http www mint com 00 04 20 LMI Selcom INC 21666 Melrose Ave SOUTHFIELD MI 48075 USA Tel 1 248 355 5
24. LS sensor and the mounting surface Turn sensor 2 off Fix its position finally 10 Remove the covers for the receiver apertures The sensors should now be correctly mounted A control procedure is described on the next page 00 04 20 31 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB The following control procedure can be used to verify that an installation is correctly made or to check for mechanical changes in the mounting structure l Cover the receiver apertures of sensor 1 and 2 to make the sensor output maximum laser intensity Turn sensor 1 and 2 on Put the piece of cardboard paper in the measurement range Make sure by moving the paper along the laser beams that they coincide everywhere between the sensors If an infrared 820 nm laser is used the IR viewer is necessary to see the light spots A near infrared 780 nm laser can be seen without the help of an IR viewer especially on a blue color Since the cardboard paper is semi transparent for infrared light the light control circuits of the two SLS sensors will interfere This is noted as a variation in the light intensity of the spot on the paper This phenomenon will not occur when using special designed sensors for semi transparent materials Remove the cover over the receiver opening Put the piece of non transparent material in the measurement range Try to keep it as perpendicular to the laser beams as possible If the sensors are correctly aligned you
25. OID EXPOSURE Invisible laser radiation emitted from this aperture Product complies with appli Ga s LASER cable DHEW standards under the AI pau cook ew Radiation Control tor Health and CLASS Wim LASER PRODUCT Safety Act of 1968 ANSI Figure 11 a Explanatory label Figure 11 b Aperture label 00 04 20 13 809022 3 6 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Warning labels class 2 The following labels are attached to the sensor All languages Selcom MEASUREMENT amp CONTROL BOX 250 S 433 25 PARTILLE SWEDEN PART NO S N TYPE OUTPUT MANUFACTURED Made in Sweden CE Figure 12 Manufacturers serial number label MONTH YEAR AVOID EXPOSURE laser radiation emitted b from this aperture Figure 13 IEC 825 example English Aperture Label 00 04 20 14 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB 4 INSTALLATION 4 1 Pin configuration DSUB 15 pin pin connector CONTACT series R2 5 16 pin pin connector 1 12 1 tele ae 1 Receive data RS232 C 9 Transmit data RS232 C 3 CLOCK SELCOM interface or RS422 Rx 4 CLOCK inv SELCOM interface or RS422 Rx 5 DATA SELCOM interface or RS422 Tx 6 DATA inv SELCOM interface or RS422 Tx 8 Invalid out when analog interface is used 12 Invalid out when analog interface is used 13 Analog out 11 Ground 14 Laser ON 24 VDC 15 Power 24 VDC Figure 14 15 pin DSUB miniature pin connector 3 rows and
26. Optional digital 00 04 20 49 809022 7 5 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Selcom serial synchronous interface Selcom C C inv D D inv standard input Logical C gt 0 6 V C inv r D gt 0 6 V D inv Logical C inv gt 0 6 V C i inv gt 0 6 V D or RS422 Full duplex Protocol SLS ASYNCH 1 Ref Appendix E Invalid output 100 ohm Inv out Inv out Figure 41 Optocoupled Max ratings VCE 35 V Ic 50mA Rise time 60 us typical Fall time 53 us typical 00 04 20 50 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB APPENDIX A Revision page Revision Date Page Description P6 0 971216 All AB7 130 Chapter 4 3 Analog output revised P7 0 980326 All AB8 19 Update the SLS manual with safety calculations for wide spot P8 0 980915 All The lay out is changed B8 44 Chapter 4 3 1 General considerations is revised P8 1 99 08 31 28 Fig 23 SLS 6000 is changed Front The text in the front is changed SLS2401 is added P9 0 00 01 25 All Laser safety Class 2 added and Class HIb changed to Class 3B Selcom changed to LMI Selcom P9 1 00 04 19 Chapter 3 Safety distance table and calculation Laser revised safety Appendix Old revision information deleted from this A list Appendix Quality record sheet added G 00 04 20 51 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB APPENDIX B Safety distance calculations Assumptions and equations are in accordance with European standard EN60825
27. RONG CORRECT Figure 27 Installation example dual sensor thickness measurement s Useful equipment e IR viewer e Piece of cardboard paper about 0 5 x 100 x 100 mm preferably blue e Piece of non transparent material about 5 x 100 x 100 mm with even thickness e Horizontal spirit level 00 04 20 30 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Sensor is mounted in its fixed position Use the horizontal sprit level Make sure that the mechanical flap in front of the laser aperture is in the closed position Start by making this plane horizontal Sensor 1 Figure 28 Illustration of how to mount the sensor 2 9 Sensor 2 should be loosely mounted not fixed The sensor should be turned off with the mechanical flap open Turn sensor 1 on Cover the receiver aperture of sensor 1 to make the sensor output maximum laser intensity Open the mechanical flap Adjust sensor 2 The light spot from sensor 1 must fall on the laser aperture of sensor 2 as concentricity as possible Turn sensor 1 off and leave the mechanical flap open Secure the position of sensor 2 not finally Cover the receiver aperture of sensor 2 to make the sensor output maximum laser intensity Turn sensor 2 on Adjust sensor 2 by tilting it only The light spot from sensor 2 must fall on the laser aperture of sensor 1 as concentricity as possible Sensor 2 can be tilted by carefully loosening some bolts and placing thin shims between the S
28. Range that has been achieved both in millimeters and as a percentage of the nominal Measurement Range The upper right corner of the diagram contains the date and time when the check was performed the sensor type and serial number and the name of the operator 00 04 20 79 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB LMiISelcom Service report MEASUREMENT amp CONTROL Please fill in the header and a description of the problem and send the form to LMI SELCOM together with your equipment Customer OOS Date Reported by Telephone Address Teef Attention LMI SELCOM Service Dep Equipment Type S N Description of the problem or symptom Repair and return Send us an estimate of the cost of repair and wait for our confirmation Filled in by LMI SELCOM Checked by Service check Action performed by Germany USA finger GmbH amp CO KG LMI SELCOM INC Sapelloh 84 21666 Melrose Sapelloh 84 SOUTHFIELD MI 48075 USA Telephone 49 0 5767 9602 0 Telephone 1 248 355 5900 Main 49 0 5767 9602 0 Telefax 1 248 355 3283 email info finger kg de 00 04 20 80 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB APPENDIX H Dimensional drawings 00 04 20 81 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB APPENDIX I Wide Spot Safety distance calculation Assumptions and equations are in accordance with European standard EN60825 1991 and American standard IEC 825 The following is
29. XXXX OxYYYY etc 57 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB ASCII Commands and Replies RS 232 Command and Reply Structure RS 232 commands and replies are structured as follows Every command sent from the master must be preceded by a dollar character Every command sent from the master must be terminated by a greater than character gt This terminating character will be referred to as the prompter in the rest of this document There will be no output from the SLS sensor until the prompter has been received Between the leading dollar character and the prompter comes the actual command It consists of a command character always an uppercase letter and possibly a numerical parameter depending on the command The commands belonging to the batch class described in section Batch Commands may be concatenated in a single command so that there may be up to four command characters at the same time The SLS sensor outputs a prompter as soon as it is ready to process commands after power on No commands may be issued by the master until it has received this initial prompter Replies from the SLS sensor always start with the command character and end with the prompter In between there may be data depending on the command There is no initial dollar character in the reply The master may not output a new command until it has received a prompter back from the SLS sensor in response to the previous command
30. and set is basically a subset of the RS 232 ASCII command set but there is also a special command for requesting a batch of distance values with single laser intensity and probe temperature values added at the end of the batch This command has no counterpart in the RS 232 command set and is included for backward compatibility with a specific software version Command and Reply Structure The RS 422 commands and replies are not structured in any special way It is m the nature of binary communication that any byte value may occur as data and therefore it is not possible to set aside certain values for exclusive use as prompters command indicators etc Instead it is of vital importance that both the master and the SLS sensor keeps a correct byte count in order to interpret commands and replies correctly The SLS sensor will not output anything over the RS 422 lines on power up Batch Commands If more two or more commands are concatenated the identifier bytes are ORed together in the reply to allow the master to check that the SLS sensor understood the command correctly Distance Value Command OxE1 0xXXXX Reply OxE OxXXXX OxYYYY OxYYYY repeated OxXXXX times This command will report measurement values in LSBs and without any calibration offset applied The command works even if a measurement unit other than LSBs has been entered in the setup The first binary word after the command identifier 0xE1 is the number of data items to
31. and stored in non volatile memory inside the sensor When the sensor measures the raw data values are used as addresses into the table and the output consists of the data from those addresses Using a moving target and simultaneously reading data from the sensor and a reference scale which gives the target s position with great accuracy makes the linearization The target material is white paper which is a neutral material in terms of light reflection and dispersal The diagram shows the result from a check on the same white paper target which is made after the translation table has been installed in the sensor The ideal result is a perfectly flat graph on the zero line In practice there are always a few small deviations because of noise from the sensor The important thing is that the general trend of the line is horizontal i e that the scale factor is correct The linearization as well as the linearity check is both made with the Selcom interface The target s distance in millimeters from the sensor s mounting surface is shown in the diagram s horizontal axis On the vertical axis you can see the deviation from linearity in sensor LSBs The size of one LSB least significant bit in millimeters is given by the sensor s scale factor The scale factor that results from the check measurement is printed out explicitly in the upper part of the diagram In the line above that one you can see the Measurement
32. anual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Material General group Mat surfaces There is a bulk of different materials that falls into the general group i e easily measured on for the SLS sensor Generally these materials have a mat type of surface Examples from this group are paper hot rolled steel concrete gypsum etc Fibrous material The obvious example in this group is any kind of wood logs sawn boards parquet blocks etc When the laser light meets this type of surface it is spread somewhat along the fibers The center of gravity of the spot can then move out of the expected position and the result will be an error in the output data This will occur if the optical triangle is oriented parallel to the direction of the fibers Top view Side view Side view The light spot along the board across the board is spread along Optical triangle Optical triangle the fibres perpendicular to the fibres parallell to the fibres Figure 31 Fibrous material Advise Mount the sensor with the optical triangle perpendicular to the direction of the fibers 00 04 20 35 809022 4 8 3 4 8 3 1 4 8 4 4 8 4 1 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Shiny materials Black and shiny materials Stainless steel molten metal and other mirror like surfaces They scatter very little light back to the detector due to the fact that most of the light is reflected according to optical law of reflections The amount of light scattered in the
33. asier in decoding the SLS sensor s output Only a subset of the commands described in section Conventions can be used with binary replies For instance it would be impossible or at least rather complicated to transmit a fractional value in binary mode Note Only the replies are binary The commands sent by the master to the SLS sensors are the same as in ASCII reply mode Reply structure In binary mode the reply to each command has a leading identifier which consists of one byte but there is no trailing prompter In the replies to batch commands only one identifier is output for the whole batch i e no identifying byte is prefixed to each data item This means that the master must keep a correct count of received bytes in order to decode data properly and to know when the next command can be sent This is especially important in the batch commands where large amounts of data with different types of data intermixed may occur Batch Commands The batch commands can be used in binary mode If two or more commands are concatenated the identifier bytes are ORed together in the reply to allow the master to check that the SLS sensor understood the command correctly 00 04 20 64 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Distance Value Command Dnnnnn gt Reply OxE1 OxXXXX OxYYYY OxYYYY repeated nnnnn times This command can be used only if the measurement unit is LSBs The first binary word after the identifier 0xE1 is
34. calculated and stored in the sensor 00 04 20 8 809022 3 1 3 2 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB SAFETY REQUIREMENT Symbols The following symbol appears in the manual The symbol identifies conditions or practices that are hazardous Safety precautions The light source of the SLS is a semiconductor laser emitting visible or invisible light The SLS has a 2 or 3B classification The classification for each sensor is stated on the laser warning labels on the sensor Make sure that you take the proper precautions for the laser class of the sensor you are using If you are uncertain of the laser class or if you have questions regarding precautions or laser safety standards please contact your nearest LMI office The following safety precautions must be observed when working with the equipment The emitted light can damage the eye if directly exposed or if the laser light is reflected by a mirror or any mirror like surface directly into the eye Follow all warnings and instructions in the manual Personnel working with or near the SLS must be informed about safety distance hazardous area and other installation specific hazards Ensure that the voltage from the power supply matches the specifications for the equipment If otherwise is not explicitly stated always disconnect the power supply unit during installation service and maintenance of the SLS The power supply unit delivered from LMI Selcom is provided with a key
35. com AB information about these different interfaces Sampling Frequency The basic rate of raw data collection in this sensor see Explanations section below Bandwidth The analog bandwidth of this sensor Special tests Some sensor types for specific applications must be put through special tests which are not compulsory for all sensors The operator must check one of these two boxes to indicate whether such tests are required and if so that they have been carried out Section Laser Safety Max average power The laser in LMI Selcom s sensors is a pulsed type i e it emits pulses of very brief duration and is shut off in between This number indicates the maximum power if the pulses are averaged over time Wavelength The laser emits light of a single wavelength given in nanometers There is an indication in parenthesis which tells whether light at this particular wavelength is visible see Explanations section below Safety distance The laser light always has a certain divergence which makes the energy density decrease as the distance from the laser increases At a certain distance the energy density falls below the level where a direct exposure can cause damage to the human eye How this distance is defined and how it should be calculated is specified in international standards EN60825 and IEC825 The number here is calculated according to these standards Control logic inside the sensor will prevent outp
36. control Remove this key to prevent that the laser is turned on unintentionally It is recommended to use safety goggles during installation service and maintenance If possible seal off the hazardous area defined in fig 8 below to prevent unauthorized personnel from getting exposed to laser light 00 04 20 9 809022 3 3 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Safety distance SLS with laser class 2 Precautions are only required to prevent continuous viewing of the direct beam a momentary t lt 0 25s exposure as would occur in accidental viewing situations is not considered hazardous However the laser beam should not be intentionally aimed at people SLS with laser class 3B The safety distance is depending on Stand Off and working power and can be found in the Quality record that comes with each sensor delivered See appendix G Quality Record for the actual safety distance of your sensor In appendix B and I you can find examples of calculation The Stand Off distance valid for your equipment can be read from the manufacturers serial number label on the SLS sensor in accordance with the figure below Stand Off value 200 mm Selcom BOX 250 S 433 25 PARTILLE SWED 810555 SLS2070 200 WO PARTNO v SN OUTPUT MANUFACTURED NOVEMBER 1996 MONTH YEAR Figure 7 Label Definition of safety distance and hazardous area Hazardous area Maximum divergence Safety distance Figure 8 Definiti
37. e lower than the sampling frequency it may not exceed 50 of the sampling frequency and for that reason the signal is put through an analog filter stage before the A D conversion Although it is not a theoretically correct way to express it one might say that the bandwidth determines how fast a measurement signal may change and have the change detected by the sensor The wavelength of a laser is important for two reasons You need to know if you want to purchase protective equipment goggles It determines if the light spot can be detected by human eyesight This is an important safety factor because invisible radiation obviously constitutes a danger to people who are not aware of its presence The lasers used by LMI Selcom are classed as visible near visible IR infra red or invisible IR The near visible IR class needs some further explanation At these wavelengths the laser light spot is visible under favorable circumstances i e output near the laser s maximum low ambient light and a suitable surface e g a piece of blue paper Bottom Part 00 04 20 78 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB The bottom part of the Quality Record shows a diagram which is generated during the linearization procedure Every sensor goes through the linearization process because the raw signal from the detector is non linear due to optical geometry and reproduction errors In the linearization process a translation table is constructed
38. e useful if the material is homogeneous Dual sensor thickness measurement on semitransparent materials Use SLS sensors designed for semitransparent materials 00 04 20 37 809022 4 8 7 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Surface texture Static texture error A basic statement to take care of is that the light spot produced on the target covers a certain area and the SLS sensor will respond to the center of gravity of the image of that spot on the detector If the spot covers an area that gives an irregular amount of scattered light in the direction of the receiving optics the SLS sensor reads a position of the surface below or above the true surface Receiving lense Laser Laser beam beam Black surface White surface Rolled steel Figure 34 Reflection depending on target material The change in the position output depends on the orientation of the sensor The magnitude and the duration in length depend on the size of the laser spot As a general rule the spot must be as small as possible An example of output from the SLS sensor is shown in the figure below Note that if the SLS sensor is rotated 90 degrees to the orientation indicated no error spikes occurs Black strip spot Position J output Figure 35 Example of output from the SLS sensor 00 04 20 38 809022 4 8 7 1 4 8 8 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Surfaces with a regular pattern from machining e g rolling marks
39. gits in the case of millimeters or inches depends on the probe s scale factor The numbers shown here represent the maximum Measurement Validity Command Vnnnnn gt Reply Vnnn gt The parameter nnnnn works the same as for the Distance Value command Laser Intensity percent of maximum Command Innnnn gt Reply Innn gt The parameter nnnnn works the same as for the Distance Value command Sensor Temperature C Command Tnnnnn gt Reply T nn T nn The parameter nnnnn works the same as for the Distance Value command 00 04 20 59 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Examples Command DITV200 gt Reply DnnnnVnnnInnnT nn gt DnnnnVnnnInnnT nn gt 200 repetitions This command causes the SLS sensor to send 200 groups of values where each group contains one distance value one validity value one intensity value and one temperature value The example shows LSBs as measurement unit Note Although the command letters were given in the order D I T V in this example the SLS sensor always replies with the values ordered D V I T Command D0 gt Reply Dr rr gt Dr rr gt Repeated continuously This command causes the SLS sensor to send distance values continuously until a new command is received The example shows millimeters or inches as measurement unit Single commands All commands except the four described in section Batch Commands will only cause a single re
40. is manual If you get problems when using the SLS sensor contact your local LMI Selcom office or your local distributor The delivery of a SLS 5000 sensor contains e SLS 5000 sensor e Isolation washers 8 pcs e Users manual 1 pcs The delivery of a SLS 6000 sensor contains s SLS 6000 sensor e Isolation washers 4 pcs e Users manual 1 pcs 00 04 20 2 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB 2 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION 2 1 Identification of parts SLS 5000 Emission indicator device ref chapt 5 sec C 1 Illuminated when power is ON 2 Green when target is within the measurment range 3 Yellow when no target is present within the measurment range Manufacturers serial number label Laser shutter Laser emitting lable eer enone Receiver aperture perture Front glass Mounting holes Side view Front view Figure 1 Identification of parts SLS 5000 00 04 20 3 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB 2 2 Identification of parts SLS 6000 Laser emitting Air purge inlet Mounting Holes label M8 4X top mount if ve Selcom DANGER LASER MEASUREMENTS SLS 6000 Class 3B Emission indicator 1 Illuminated when power is on 2 GREEN when target is within the measurement range 3 YELLOW when no target is present within the measurement range Manufactures serial Laser aperture incl laser shutter Receiver Aperture number label Figure 2 SLS 6000 00 04 20 4 8090
41. l Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Examples Command OxE3 0x0100 Reply OxE3 0x0100 OxXXXX OxYY OxXXXX OxYY repeated 256 times This command requests 256 groups consisting of a distance and a validity value The identifier 0xE3 is the inclusive OR of 0xE1 Distance and 0xE2 Validity and allows the master to check that the command was properly understood 0x0100 is the data count being the binary word equivalent to 256 After these items there will come 256 groups consisting of one 2 byte distance value OxXXXX and one 1 byte validity value OxYY Command OxFO 0x2710 Reply OxF1 0xXXXX repeated 10000 times OxYY OxTT This command requests a batch of 10000 0x2710 distance values followed by one laser intensity and one temperature value Single Commands Laser On Off Command 0x71 laser on 0x70 laser off Reply 0x71 laser on 0x70 laser off Averaging Factor Filter Cutoff Frequency Command 0xA0 OxXXXX Reply 0xA0 OxXXXX 00 04 20 70 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Set Output Rate For Batch Data Command 0xB0 0xXXXX Reply 0xB0 0xXXXX The first binary word after the command identifier 0xB0 is a divisor which is applied to the 16 kHz sampling frequency It may take on any value between 0x0010 16 and OxFFFF 65535 inclusive This gives output rates from 1000 Hz to 0 244 Hz one value every 4 seconds Synchronize reset filter Command 0x90 Reply 0x90 Illegal Commands Command 0
42. lses expected in an exposure 16 10 6 pulses MPE 0 000174 J m 2 Energy in each pulse H P T 1 09 10 6 J where P is Psmax for calculations according to standards power losses due to mechanical constraints and optical transmission is estimated conservatively to 50 Ppmax for calculations during normal working conditions This energy must be distributed over an area A to satisfy the MPEt value H A MPE gt A H MPEt A 0 0063 square meters A n r2 gt 2 r d diameter of this area A d 0 089 meter Geometry gives Aperture ASO d s s distance from focus to area A ASO Aperture Stand Off SO 22 mm for SLS 5000 ASO Aperture Stand Off SO 53 mm for SLS 6000 s d ASO a 00 04 20 53 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB The safety distance or the Nominal Ocular Hazard Distance NOHD Stand Off 5 E D Safe d sLs5000 Oo ae Safe A NOHD Figure 42 The safety distance or the NOHD NOHD s SO 00 04 20 54 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 APPENDIX D Accessories LMI Selcom can supply the following accessories Additional cables Heat protected cables Air purge adapter Power supply Heat shield temperatures lt 750 C 00 04 20 55 LMI Selcom AB 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB APPENDIX E SLS asynch 1 protocol General information Baud rate 9600 baud RS 232 38400 baud RS 422 Character 8 LSBs length Parity None Start LSBs
43. n Command R gt Reply R gt This command resets the offsets calculated by a calibration to zero Parameter Setup Command P gt Reply PWD gt This command is used to enter a setup menu where some of the SLS sensor s internal parameters can be modified This is an interactive menu which demands the use of an ANSI terminal or a PC running an ANSI terminal emulation program Before the setup menu is shown the user must enter the password after the PWD gt reply from the probe Command SELCAT gt Parameter Options Keyb Measurement LSBs Millimeters Inches Tab key Units Protocol Type ASCII Binary Tab key Interface Selcom RS 422 Tab key Samples Per 1 1024 Num Keys Enter Average Valid threshold 10 90 Num Keys Enter Analog Output Hold Latest Valid Output Tab key On Invalid Zero F1 Save And F1 Exit F2 Save Do F2 Not Exit F3 Exit Do F3 Not Save 00 04 20 63 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Illegal commands Command Q gt as an example of an illegal command Reply All commands which are illegal have parameters with values outside the legal range or contain too many characters more than 12 will be rejected by the SLS sensor and cause the reply shown above Binary replies RS 232 The SLS sensor can be set up to give binary replies over RS 232 The primary reason for using this mode would be to speed up the data transfers and to make the master s job e
44. n is estimated conservatively to 50 This energy must be distributed over an area A to satisfy the MPEt value H A MPEt gt A H MPEt A 0 0026 square meters The laser spot has a rectangular form This results in a second degree equation expressing the area as a function of the distance x in front of the sensor At x NOHD the MPE constraint is satisfied For details please contact the laser safety officer at LMI Selcom As a consequence of some inaccuracy in numbers and sensor individuals 20 is added on the hazard distance Part no L F Duty T P mnax Pima Pemas SO NOH mm kHz cycle us mW AW mW mm mm m 00 04 20 83 809022
45. n the sensor signals Invalid e g no object inside the measurement range too little light scattered back to the detector to much light scattered back to the detector e The green LED is lit when the measurement is Valid Warning X Follow precautions on warning signs Warning labels are signs attached to the sensor See section 3 5 Beam path X X Terminate beam at the end of its useful path by a valid for diffusely reflecting material or an absorber both laser class 2 and 3B 00 04 20 11 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Class Class 3B 2 Specula X Prevent unintentional reflections reflection Eye X Required if engineering and administrative procedures protection not practicable Protective X Not required clothing Training X Required for all operator and maintenance personnel Personnel working with or near the SLS5000 must be informed about safety distance hazardous area and other installation specific hazards 00 04 20 12 809022 3 5 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Warning labels class 3B The following labels are attached to the sensor All languages Selcom MEASUREMENT amp CONTROL BOX 250 S 433 25 PARTILLE SWEDEN PART NO TYPE S N OUTPUT MANUFACTURED Made in Sweden CE Figure 9 Manufacturers serial number label MONTH YEAR AVOID EXPOSURE invisible laser radiation emitted from this aperture IEC 825 1 1993 Figure 10 IEC 825 example English AV
46. on of safety distance and hazardous area Maximum divergence TAN 5 Safety distance Actual divergence for each Stand Off configuration is stated in section 7 Technical data 00 04 20 10 809022 3 4 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Safety precautions The safety precautions below are mainly for class 3B laser sensors The recommendation for Beam path termination is valid for both class 2 and 3B laser sensors It is always recommended to follow as many of the precautions as possible irrespective of laser class Summary of use precautions for products with a laser safety class 2 or 3B see text of standard for complete precautions Class Class 3B 2 Remote X Connect to room or door circuits Pin no 14 LASER interlock ON of the SLS connector can be used for this purpose Key control X Remove key when not in use Key control is provided when power supply is delivered by LMI Selcom To conform to safety requirements a key control must be installed Pin no 14 LASER ON or pin no 15 24 VDC of the SLS connector can be used for this purpose Laser shutter X When in use prevents inadvertent exposure Provided by LMI Selcom and permanently mounted on the front of the sensor See chapter 2 figure 1 Emission X Indicates that the laser is energized See chapter 2 figure indicator 1 device Provided by LMI Selcom and permanently mounted on the side of the sensor One of the LEDs is always lit e The yellow LED is lit whe
47. or from grinding will cause a uniform scattered reflection This will result as a static error that varies depending on where on the machining marks the center of gravity of the light spot is located Scanning across the marks and averaging the measured data can eliminate this error FIGURE 1A FIGURE 2 ee P FIGURE 1B Figure 36 Fig 1 A The regular surface is often produced in a rolling mill and looks like a rib mark structure along the strip Fig 1 B In other words regular thickness variations across the strip Fig 2 The SLS sensor should be mounted parallel to the ribs and with a scanning direction across the direction of travel Advise If possible orient the optical triangle parallel to surface irregularities If possible try to calibrate by letting the laser spot scan over a distance e g 10 mm of the surface to eliminate static texture error Calculate an average over distance when measuring Temperature of the material Due to the given specification of the SLS sensor it has a maximum temperature coefficient of 200 ppm That is for the SLS sensor housing temperature The temperature of the object does not affect the accuracy at all within the given specifications 00 04 20 39 809022 4 8 8 1 4 8 9 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Advise The SLS sensor system will measure the actual thickness of the hot material Be sure to take into account the temperature expansion effect when comparing with other
48. ply from the SLS sensor They cannot be concatenated but must be given individually Laser Intensity milliwatts Command W gt Reply Wr rr gt Laser On Off Command L1 gt laser on LO gt laser off Reply L1 gt L0 gt 00 04 20 60 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Set Averaging Factor Filter Cutoff Frequency Command Annnn gt Reply Annnn gt nnnn same as in command The current SLS sensor software employs an averaging filter In this case the parameter nnnn determines how many samples should be included in every average Any number between 1 and 1024 may be given Set Output Rate For Batch Data Command Bnnn gt Reply Bnnn gt nnn same as in command This command makes it possible to control the rate at which output is produced by the SLS sensor in response to a batch command The parameter nnn is a divisor which is applied to the basic 100 Hz frequency used by the RS 232 communication routines In ASCII reply mode the highest possible output rate is 50 Hz so nnn may not be lower than 2 The limitation to three characters means that the highest legal value is 999 giving an output rate of about 0 1 Hz or one value every 10 seconds Synchronize reset filter Command S gt Reply S gt This command causes the SLS sensor to restart its filtering cycle from scratch It may be used to ensure that several probes are in sync with each other 00 04 20 61 809022 SLS User Manual Re
49. psum board etc An electronic eye that detects a light spot The spot is only detectable to the human eye but clearly visible to the detector of the SLS SENSOR The detector is situated at the back of the receiver part similar to the retina of the human eye PSD Position Sensitive photo Detector Semiconductor laser and optics Receiver optics Stand Off Distance SO Close End CE Measurement Range MR Far End FE Figure 4 Measurement principle and definitions 00 04 20 6 809022 2 4 2 4 1 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Depending of the distance between the SLS sensor and the light spot the Stand Off distance the image of the light spot will be focused on a certain spot on the detector The detector is a high resolution position sensitive detector It converts the light spot to electrical signals from which the electronics can calculate the actual distance to the object Moving objects no problem The measurement is very rapid The SLS sensor repeats the measurement sequence 16000 times per second This makes it possible to measure moving and vibrating objects By using several SLS sensors you can measure thickness profiles diameter etc The accuracy is high the error is normally less than 0 2 of the measurement range The analog position sensitive detector 1 Incoming light 12 SNe F sr 0 x E Light spot Typical size of the detec
50. r source this means that the total resistance in the power and ground leads must not exceed 15 ohms Laser ON control input Pin 14 must be held at 24 VDC 5 32 VDC to enable the laser Cable screening The cable shall include a screen connected to GND at the sensor end of the cable Analog output General considerations The analog current output of the SLS5 6000 sensors is derived from the same high performance and accuracy digital distance data as available over the Selcom Serial RS232 and RS422 interfaces The digital information has passed through a high performance digital to analog current converter supplying an easy to acquire signal form for many industrial users and processes As a complement to the analog output an Invalid out signal is available The sensors are available in two versions factory set not to be changed by the user regarding the state of the analog output when data is considered invalid Hold latest valid i e the analog output current is held at the latest valid D A converted data value Zero out on invalid is only available with 4 20 mA output i e the analog current output is set to 0 mA as long as data is considered invalid IMPORTANT The transformation of the current output to engineering units i e mm inches etc in a control computer PLC etc requires the use of a scale factor SF that defines the relation between current output and engineering unit
51. round 14 Laser ON 24 VDC 15 Power 24 VDC Figure 45 SLS1 and SLS2 connector pin configuration 00 04 20 73 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB D Two output connectors H1 and H2 Pin connectors with capacity to output all signals available from the SLS sensor Front view DSUB 15 pin pin connector SLS Powerbox 24 connectors H1 and H2 1 T 1 Receive data RS232 C 9 Transmit data RS232 C 3 CLOCK SELCOM interface or RS422 Rx 4 CLOCK inv SELCOM interface or RS422 Rx 5 DATA SELCOM interface or RS422 Tx 6 DATA inv SELCOM interface or RS422 Tx 8 Invalid out when analog interface is used 12 Invalid out when analog interface is used 13 Analog out 11 Ground Figure 46 H1 and H2 connector pin configuration Technical specification Dimensions Length 218 6 mm 8 5 inches Height 62 8 mm 2 5 inches Width 143 7 mm 5 6 inches Weight 1 4 kg 3 1 Ibs Environmental conditions Protection class IP50 NEMA 1 Temperature Operating 0 50 C 32 120 F Storage 30 70 C 20 160 F Power requirements Input voltage 110 230 VAC 10 Line frequency 50 60 Hz Power consumption 40 W 50 W peak at startup 00 04 20 74 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB APPENDIX G Quality Record The Quality Record is delivered together with every sensor from LMI Selcom Its purpose is to present the most important data about the sensor in a compact way More informa
52. s OFF or e Laser is ON but no object in the measurement range or e Laser is ON with an object in the measurement range Indication that the Laser is faulty contact LMI Selcom 5 Yellow and Green LED is blinking Faulty sensor condition contact LMI Selcom 00 04 20 43 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB BLOCK DIAGRAM Principal diagram Internal data bus B Host processor Interface Power regulator 24 VDC Figure 38 Principal diagram 00 04 20 44 809022 7 1 7 2 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB TECHNICAL DATA Dimensions SLS 5000 Length 135 mm 5 3 inches Height 105 mm 4 1 inches Width 51 mm 2 0 inches Weight 1 1 kg 2 2 Ibs Dimensions SLS 6000 Length 376 mm 14 8 inches Height 169 mm 6 6 inches Width 70 mm 2 7 inches Weight 4 4 kg 9 9 Ibs Environmental conditions Temperature e Operating 0 50 C 32 120 F e Storage 30 70 C 20 160 F Protection class IP65 NEMA 4 excluding connector Power requirements e Input voltage 24 VDC 18 32 VDC e Input current 250 mA 350 200 mA e Start up current gt 500 mA 00 04 20 45 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Resolution 0 025 of Measurement Range Inaccuracy 0 2 of Measurement Range Includes non linearity and error Sampling frequency 16 kHz Bandwidth up to 2 kHz 00 04 20 46 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB 7
53. the parameter nnnnn in binary form Measurement Validity Command Vnnnnn gt Reply OxE2 OxXXXX OxYY OxYY repeated nnnnn times The first binary word after the identifier 0xE2 is the parameter nnnnn in binary form Laser Intensity percent of maximum Command Innnnn gt Reply OxE4 OxXXXX OxYY OxYY repeated nnnnn times The first binary word after the identifier 0xE4 is the parameter nnnnn in binary form Sensor Temperature C Command Tnnnnn gt Reply OxE8 OxXXXX OxYY OxYY repeated nnnnn times The first binary word after the identifier 0xE8 is the parameter nnnnn in binary form 00 04 20 65 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Examples Command DI100 gt Reply 0xE5 0x0064 OxXXXX OxYY OxXXXX OxYY repeated 100 times This command requests 100 groups consisting of a distance and an intensity value The identifier 0xE5 is the inclusive OR of 0xE1 Distance and 0xE4 Intensity and allows the master to check that the command was properly understood 0x0064 is the data count being the binary word equivalent to 100 After these items there will come 100 groups consisting of one 2 byte distance value OxXXXX and one byte intensity value OxYY Command DVIT1 gt Reply OxEF 0x0001 OxXXXX OxYY 0xZZ OxTT This command requests one group of data containing all four possible items The identifier OxEF is the inclusive OR of 0xE1 Distance 0xE2 Validity OxE4 Intensity and 0xE8
54. tion about different aspects of the Quality Record information such as laser safety specifications etc are available in the relevant manual sections This appendix is just intended as a quick reference IMISelcom MEASUREMENT amp CONTROL QUALITY RECORD NOTE A general description of the Quality Record as well as explanations for terms and abbreviations can be found in the Optocator SLS5000 User s Manual appendix G Sensor type SLS5000 70 200 SW Date 7 Apr 2000 Part number 808617 Serial number N399 Parameters Measurement Range 70 0 mm 0 2 4 Mounting Stand Off 200 0 mm 4 0 mm Scale Factor 0 017500 mm LSB 1 Output s Selcom 0 20 mA RS 232 Special tests P Not required T Required have been carried out Laser Safety Max average power 4 mW Wavelength 675 nm Visible Red Safety distance 45m according to EN60825 and IEC825 Emission delay Power ON Check Error E check 01 Whee Paper VR 71 921 mm 102 2 7 Age 2000 1203 SF 0017450 mm L5B SL 80000 70 200 SYN NBS Sign Jot Quaeciieg FE wo o nen 10 g or Evan nnn ee z i 10 4 Fe E 1 235 000 165 000 1220 000 200 000 220 000 Distance from mounting mm 00 04 20 75 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Top part The top part of the Quality Record page is devoted to text information It is subdivided into sections which group related parameters together The following list explains what each parameter
55. tor is 1710 mm Figure 5 The analog position sensitive detector The detector current generated by the light spot is divided into two parts I1 and I2 The distances between the light spot and the electrodes 1 and 2 give the ratio between the currents Advantages Advantages Fast Rise time 10 90 typical 0 2 usec High suppression of ambient light Very high resolution Limited only by the following Analogue to Digital converter The technique also enables fast regulation of the output laser power This fast regulation makes measurement of almost any material or surface possible and allows for fast and big variations of measured surfaces color and reflectiveness 00 04 20 7 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB 2 4 2 Linearization Linearization The function between the raw output from the detector and the actual distance between the SLS sensor and the measured object is non linear This non linearity is mainly due to the geometry of this type of measurements and to the analog portion of the data processing Therefore each sensor is factory calibrated to compensate for any non linearity or other built in error O O C SELCOM Detector output SLS5000 Non linearized function Desired function A small portion of the scattered light Scattered light reflection Figure 6 Illustration of linearization Linearization is performed for each sensor by means of a correction table which is
56. ut of more than normal working power A faulty or damaged sensor may however exceed this level of output power The safety distance for a faulty sensor will never exceed the safety distance calculated 00 04 20 77 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Emission delay Selcom s sensors can be equipped with two different types of emission delay One called Laser ON delay will always cause a short delay every time the laser control signal is turned on before the laser actually starts emitting laser light The other type called Power ON delay will only cause a delay when the sensor is first powered up All subsequent cycling of the laser control signal will control the laser without any delays Explanations The Selcom output is a proprietary synchronous serial output It uses a clock and a data signal with the clock only running while data is being transmitted Each data item is 16 bits RS 232 and RS 422 are standard asynchronous serial interfaces The analog output from the SLS sensors can be configured either for 4 20 mA or 0 20 mA operation Sampling frequency and bandwidth are related but not identical quantities The sampling frequency tells how often the sensor evaluates the raw analog signal by performing an A D conversion The bandwidth value tells how that analog signal is conditioned before the A D conversion In order to avoid certain signal processing problems the bandwidth has to b
57. v P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Set Nominal Value for calibration Command Nnnnn gt measurement unit LSBs Nrrr rrr gt measurement unit millimeters Nrr rrrrr gt measurement unit inches Reply Nnnnn gt nnnn same as in command Nrrr rrr gt rrr rrr same as in command Nrr rrrrr gt rr rrrrr same as in command This command is used to set a nominal value to be used at a subsequent calibration see section Calibrate Calibrate Command C gt Reply C1 gt calibration was OK calibration failed C0 gt The SLS sensor can be calibrated against a reference if for example it is desired to measure thickness of an object The reference object should be in place and its thickness should have been given to the probe with the Nominal Value command before the calibration is started Example An SLS sensor is set up to measure the thickness of steel plates in millimeters The plates rest on a flat surface while they are measured A calibration piece with the known thickness of 50 mm is used First the Nominal Value command is given N50 0 gt The SLS sensor replies N50 0 gt Then the calibration piece is put in place and the Calibration command is given C gt The SLS sensor replies C1 gt presuming that the calibration was OK After this the SLS sensor will present the actual thickness in mm of every plate that passes 00 04 20 62 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Reset Calibratio
58. will note an increase of the thickness when you tilt the plate A decrease of the thickness value is an indication that the sensors are misaligned Sensor 1 Sensor 1 L e e e Increase of Increase of thickness thickness Figure 29 Illustration of item 4 above 00 04 20 32 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Avoid set ups where the two sensors can see each other when they are supposed to measure A set up as described in the left figure will produce a variation in the output value at approximately 1 Hz See also section 4 3 1 WRONG CORRECT Figure 30 Dual sensor thickness measurement 00 04 20 33 809022 4 7 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Hints for measurements The SLS sensor is designed to give a true and dependable measurement for a vast range of materials surfaces and speed of target surface Sensor features All sensors High speed of light power control Dynamic range of light power output extremely wide from nanowatts to 5 mW Selected before production Bandwidth of position data from up to 2 kHz Sampling rate 16 000 times per second Small laser spot Some materials or surfaces requires some considerations and advises to get the best possible performance The target characteristics can be structured into 1 Material 2 Surface texture 3 Temperature of the material 4 The geometry of the material 00 04 20 34 809022 4 8 4 8 1 4 8 2 4 8 2 1 SLS User M
59. x33 as an example of an illegal command Reply OxFF 00 04 20 71 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB APPENDIX F SLS power unit 24 The SLS Power unit 24 can supply one or two SLS sensor sensors The customer must provide a power cable of suitable length fitting the power receptacle Demands on additional cables to the sensor s or to registration equipment according to chapter 4 2 Cable requirements Front panel Figure 43 Front panel A Key switch The key is removable when power is off B Power ON LED Illuminated when power is turned on Color Green 00 04 20 72 809022 SLS User Manual Rev P9 1 LMI Selcom AB Figure 44 Rear panel A Power receptacle Laser Remote Control LRC connector Screw terminal with a jumper controlling the LASER ON signal to both SLS1 and SLS2 The lasers are on if power is on AND the jumper or a remote switch is closed C Two SLS sensors connectors SLS1 and SLS2 Socket connectors for easy connection of one or two SLS sensors with DSUBmin connectors Front view DSUB 15 pin socket connector SLS Powerbox 24 connectors SLS1 and SLS2 1 1 Receive data RS232 C 9 Transmit data RS232 C 3 CLOCK SELCOM interface or R8422 Rx 4 CLOCK inv SELCOM interface or RS422 Rx 5 DATA SELCOM interface or R8422 Tx 6 DATA inv SELCOM interface or RS422 Tx 8 Invalid out when analog interface is used 12 Invalid out when analog interface is used 13 Analog out 11 G

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User's Manual - finger gmbh & co. kg