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ADC CRA-C Network Card User Manual

1. CONFIGURE AND VIEW STATUS Connect to an ASCII How to Log On and Navigate the Menus How to Configure a Remote Unit Configure System Settings sesssss Configure ADSL Transceiver Configuration esee Reset ADSL Transceiver sees Configure the Configure as a Configure as a 0 Configure SNMP see Reset the Ethernet Bridge View Stats EENS EE System Information eene ADSL Transceiver Status Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 17 17 19 23 24 26 26 29 30 31 34 38 40 41 41 42 48 49 vii Contents viii NETWORK AND MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW 51 MAC Layer Bridging and Spanning Tree Protocol 51 Static IP Routing rede gerer eret 53 Megabit Modem CRA C IP Addresses 59 Management Drotocols 61 aicut RO ie 61 Megabit Modem CRA C SNMP Agent 62 MIB and Trap Support 63 Network Configuration and Image Code Download 64 BOQOTP 5 iit ettet 64 OR NEE 66 Encapsulation Protocols uureeeesanesenesssersnnersnersnnennnennene 66 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 67 TECH
2. Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Manual Number 425 613 150 02 PAIRGAIN Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual P N 425 613 150 02 Revision 02 May 1998 Copyright 1998 PairGain Technologies Inc All rights reserved This document contains proprietary information which is protected by copyright Information contained in this document is company private to PairGain Technologies Inc and shall not be modified used copied reproduced or disclosed in whole or in part without the written consent of PairGain PairGain is a registered trademark and Megabit Modem is a trademark of PairGain Technologies Inc Other product names mentioned in this manual are used for identification purposes only and may be trademarks and or registered trademarks of their respective companies The information in this publication is believed to be accurate in all respects However PairGain Technologies cannot assume responsibility for any consequences resulting from the use thereof The information contained herein is subject to change Revision to this publication or new additions to it may be issued to incorporate such changes ii Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual FCC NOTICE This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a comme
3. Network and Management Overview Network Access Provider Figure 10 Simple Configuration for Static IP Routing 54 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Network and Management Overview Figure 11 shows a more complex example of multiple gateways that use static IP routing to route packets sourced from specific users to different destination gateways ISP Subscriber Site 1 Site 2 The A Internet Site 3 Corporate Network A Telecommuter Internet Network Access Provider Internet Service Network Subscriber Intranet Corporate Network Figure 11 Multiple Gateways Specified for Static IP Routing Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 225 Network and Management Overview When you configure the static IP routing feature set the parameters defined in Table 17 through the Megabit Modem CRA C console menus Set the parameters defined in Table 18 in an external router used as a gateway Table 17 Megabit Modem CRA C Static IP Routing Parameters Parameter Definition Bridge Router Select router for the Megabit Modem CRA C to route based Mode on IP addresses Both the Megabit Modem CRA C and Megabit Modem CRA units connected via ADSL must be set to router mode Packet Select either PPP or HDLC PPP is the preferred Encapsulation encapsulation for routing whe
4. The format of this entry will vary among different router vendors but it will typically be in the form of Destination Mask and Next Hop Gateway Destination is the remote IP subnet or host address Gateway is the IP address of the Megabit Modem CRA C on the same subnet as the external router Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 57 Network and Management Overview Figure 12 shows an example of a point to point ADSL system and hypothetical values of parameters defined in Tables 17 and 18 LAN Remote Site ADSL Modem Bridge Routing Mode Router Remote User IP Address 192 168 200 5 Packet Encapsulation PPP IP Static Routing Table emply empty empty empty empty empty Default Router IP Address 10 10 10 2 LAN IP Address 192 168 200 1 LAN Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 LINE IP Address 10 10 10 1 LINE Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Default Router 192 168 200 1 ADSL Line Local Site ADSL Modem Bridge Routing Mode Router Packet Encapsulation PPP IP Static Routing Table Destination 172 20 0 0 Gateway 172 16 100 1 Destination 172 30 0 0 Gateway 172 16 100 2 Destination 192 168 200 5 Gateway 10 10 10 1 Default Router IP Address 172 16 100 3 LAN IP Address 172 16 100 4 LAN Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 LINE IP Address 10 10 10 2 LINE Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 LAN Router to 172 20 0 0 LAN IP Address 172 16 100 1 Static Route to 192
5. 00000 00000 C lear R eturn UPSTREAM 00000 00000 00003 00038 00000 00000 00000 00000 00000 00000 00000 00000 00000 00000 M ain Type to clear all ES and UAS counts including the equivalent counts in the remote unit The minimum SNR for the period is reset to the current SNR e The 7 Day ADSL Performance History data is lost 72 when the Megabit Modem CRA C is turned off 46 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Configure and View Status ADSL Alarm History The ADSL Alarm History screen consists of five columns Table 14 describes the information found in each column Type 4 on the ADSL Menu to open the ADSL Alarm History screen 09 08 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES C ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL ADSL ALARM HISTORY Type First Last LOF DOWN 09 08 97 16 50 46 09 08 97 17 53 20 LOF UP 09 08 97 16 50 46 09 08 97 17 53 20 MARGIN DOWN MARGIN UP ES DOWN ES UP SES DOWN SES UP SELFTEST LAST CLEARED 09 08 97 16 50 45 C lear R eturn M ain ENTER CHOICE Type to update the first and last date time stamps and clear the time to 0 e The Alarm History data is lost when the Megabit 72 Modem CRA C is turned off Table 14 ADSL Alarm History Screen Columns Name Description Type Identifies local remote and ADSL link alarms LOF Loss of frame failure MARGIN Low SNR margin alarm ES Excessive errored seconds SES Severely errored seconds SELF Self test First Lists t
6. This section describes how to configure the Ethernet interface bridge of the modem as either a bridge or a router Then configure the management protocol options through the SNMP Configuration menu On the Main Menu type 3 to display the Bridge Router Menu 07 02 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES 08 55 55 ATU C ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 BRIDGE ROUTER MENU MAC ADDRESS 00 20 A7 20 68 F2 10 BASE T LINK STATUS LINK UP EBM STATUS BRIDGE ROUTER CONFIGURATION SNMP CONFIGURATION STATISTICS SETTINGS ENTER CHOICE The Bridge Router Menu shows the MAC address for the unit you are viewing and current IOBASE T and Ethernet Bridge Mode link status See View Status page 41 for more information on the Statistics menu Through the Bridge Router Configuration menu you can configure the Megabit Modem as either a bridge to forward Ethernet data based on MAC addresses or as a router to route Ethernet data based on IP addresses You must configure both Megabit Modems local and remote with the same mode both as bridges or both as routers Bridge mode can be a less secure method of sending data because the desired MAC address is broadcast over the network but it allows protocols other than IP to be forwarded Router mode provides security by statically mapping route entries Routing can prevent eavesdropping and provide broadcast filtering Select either the Configure as a Bridge section page 31 or the Configure as
7. to the above directives and standards Signature Place Date CE Roy Stephens Director of Quality Assurance Tustin CA U S A March 16 1998 IPAIRGAIN THE CoPPEROPTICS COMPANY Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual USING THIS MANUAL This manual helps you understand the features of the PairGain Megabit Modem CRA C and how the unit operates as a component within a network install the Megabit Modem CRA C configure your unit to operate within the network contact PairGain if you need additional help Three types of messages with icons appear in the text a Notes inform you of special circumstances Cautions indicate the possibility of damage equipment e Warnings indicate the possibility of personal injury Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual y Using This Manual vi Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual CONTENTS ABOUT THE MEGABIT MODEM CRA C About Rate Adaptive Transmission Rate Adaptatnon Reach Data Rate SNR Margin and Noise Environment INSTALL THE MEGABIT MODEM CRA C Unpack and Inspect the Shipment Identify LEDs and Connectors Front Panel ies Rear Panel eee eet Install the Megabit Modem CRA C Connect to the ADSL Line Connect to the Data Network Power Up and Check LEDs
8. 10 then press ENTER Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 31 Configure and View Status Table 10 Bridge Configuration Type No 2 32 For Option Local IP Addr Local Subnet Mask Boot Router IP Addr Default Router IP Addr Spanning Tree Boot Server IP Addr Boot Mode Function Configure for the modem to respond to an application that uses IP protocol including SNMP and TFTP The default is 0 0 0 0 You can either type in the address supplied by a system administrator or get the IP address via the boot server when boot mode is set to Network Determines if a host TFTP server SNMP management station or trap receiver is on the same local subnet If it is the modem sends messages directly to the host If it is not the Megabit Modem CRA C sends messages through a default router The default is 255 255 255 0 Sets the IP address of the Boot Router used to forward BOOTP requests to the proper BOOTP server When configured the modem sends its BOOTP requests directly to this device rather than sending a broadcast packet The default is 0 0 0 0 Sets the address of the router which must be used to reach a host TFTP server SNMP management station or trap receiver located on another network The default is 0 0 0 0 Select either Enable or Disable default for Spanning Tree mode Type the IP address of the TFTP server The default is the value of the BOOTP server if you have not configured a d
9. BASE T LINK STATUS LINK UP EBM STATUS BRIDGE ROUTER CONFIGURATION SNMP CONFIGURATION STATISTICS SETTINGS ENTER CHOICE WARNING This will bring down all connections Are you sure Y N Make all changes in the Bridge Routing Configuration menu and the SNMP Configuration menu Type 4 to select Reset Type either Y for yes to Reset or N for no to cancel Reset When you select Y to Reset the Megabit Modem CRA C Ethernet link is dropped the bridge is reset then the Ethernet link is re established The changes made to the Ethernet bridge are now effective 40 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Configure and View Status View Status This section describes status menus You can view information such as current alarm status performance history and product information See the following section for e system information page 41 ADSL transceiver status page 42 Ethernet bridge statistics page 48 System Information The System Information screen provides general product information for the units at both the service provider ATU C and subscriber ATU R sites This includes hardware and software revision information as well as the product number and manufacturing information Access the System Information screen by typing 1 on the Main Menu then typing 1 on the System Status and Configuration menu to display the System Information screen 07 02 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES 08 43 44 ATU C
10. IMAGE FILE NAME IMAGE LOAD MODE LOCAL PACKET ENCAPSULATION LAN PORT CONF LINE PORT CONF OTHER CONF Ei CO D t 0 gt C o nfirm U ndo R eturn M ENTER CHOICE gt 3 Do the following for each Router Configuration option you want to change the number or letter of the option you want to configure Select using the spacebar or type in the appropriate information for each option as indicated in Table 11 then press ENTER Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 35 Configure and View Status Table 11 Router Configuration Type For No Option 2 Default 3 IP Static 4 Routing 5 Table 6 LAN IP Addr 7 LAN Subnet Mask 8 Line IP Addr 9 Line Subnet Mask A Boot Server IP Addr B Boot Mode 36 Function Contains the address of the default gateway Consists of the Destination Subnet Mask and Gateway Must be configured for the Megabit Modem CRA C to operate as a static IP router 0 0 0 0 is the format for each field and the default Input the network address of the Megabit Modem CRA C 10BASE T port It is necessary for static IP mapping to function properly 0 0 0 0 is the format for the field Input the subnet mask of the Megabit Modem CRA C 10BASE T port Necessary for static IP mapping to function properly 0 0 0 0 is the format for the field 255 255 255 0 is the default Input the network address of the Megabit Modem CRA C ADSL port Necessary fo
11. IP routing addresses Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 59 Network and Management Overview 60 Dft Gateway upstream router address 192 168 13 209 Destination 192 168 242 0 Next Hop 192 168 240 10 Mask 255 255 255 0 Next Hop IP 192 168 13 210 IP 192 168 240 1 Mask 255 255 255 0 Mask 255 255 255 0 DNS Server IP 192 168 240 20 Mask 255 255 255 0 Provider Server Dft Gateway 192 168 240 1 Next Hop 172 16 100 2 Destination 192 168 242 0 Mask 255 255 255 0 Provider Modem IP 192 168 240 10 IP 172 16 100 1 Mask 255 255 255 0 Mask 255 255 255 0 Dft Gateway 172 16 100 1 IP 172 16 100 2 IP 192 168 242 1 Mask 255 255 255 0 Mask 255 255 255 0 A Subscriber Modem IP 192 168 242 5 Mask 255 255 255 0 Default Gateway 192 168 242 1 DNS 192 168 240 20 Subscriber PC Figure 13 IP Addresses Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Network and Management Overview Management Protocols SNMP is used for configuring system and bridge parameters monitoring statistics and performing advanced management SNMP This management protocol specifies how to send information between a Network Management System NMS and managed devices on a network Managed devices such as the Megabit Modem CRA C run a program called an agent The agent interprets SNMP requests and responds to them The NMS communicates with the agents in the managed devices to setconfiguration g
12. Manual Network and Management Overview You can enable or disable Spanning Tree on the Bridge Router Configuration Menu The Megabit Modem CRA C uses the Spanning Tree defaults shown in Table 16 These values are user configurable through SNMP as part of the Spanning Tree group in RFC 1493 Table 16 Spanning Tree Defaults Spanning Tree Attribute Default Value ST Bridge Priority Hx0000 ST Max Age 30 seconds ST Hello Time 10 seconds ST Hold Time 10 second ST Forward Delay 10 second ST Port 1 Priority LAN 0 ST Port 2 Priority ADSL 0 ST Port Path Cost 1 Static IP Routing Through the static IP routing feature you can configure the Megabit Modem CRA C as an IP router with statically programmed route entries You can enable this function as a security feature to prevent eavesdropping and to provide broadcast filtering as well as to specify multiple destination gateways When static IP routing is enabled you can access only specific remote IP subnets or hosts Since IP routers make forward or filter decisions based on the network layer IP address instead of the MAC hardware address MAC level broadcast frames are prevented from reaching unwanted destinations in the network The example in Figure 10 shows a simple Internet Service Provider ISP site that uses the static IP routing feature to filter MAC level broadcast frames sourced by ISP Subscriber A from reaching ISP Subscriber B Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 53
13. as a zero or a one A two port internetworking device that selectively filters or forwards traffic based or MAC addresses A pair of wires connected in parallel across a single line to form a T Tap configuration Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 73 Glossary CAP Crosstalk Downstream Ethernet HDLC Hub IEEE ISP kbps kpps LAN LED Line code Link MAC Margin 74 Carrierless Amplitude Phase Modulation A two dimensional line code used in ADSL Line noise that occurs due to coupling of signals between pairs in the same bundle The direction of data reception from the Megabit Modem CRA C to a remote unit A baseband LAN specification that has become a series of standards produced by IEEE referred to as IEEE 802 3 High level Data Link Control A common wiring point for star topology networks and a common synonym for a concentrator Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers A professional organization that defines network standards Interface or Interface Card Internet service provider Kilobits per second A measure of transmission speed at 1 000 bits per second Kilo packets per second Local Area Network The means by which a local community of users and workgroups can share information and resources electronically Light emitting diode Any method of converting digital information to analog form for transmission on a communicaton line Another term used for t
14. e Margin SNR margin is the amount of degradation in SNR that the system can tolerate under the current conditions and still achieve a 10 BER A margin of 6 dB for example would mean that the SNR can degrade by 6 dB and still provide a performance of 10 BER The PairGain Megabit Modem CRA C has a margin configuration option that defaults to 6 dB but may be set anywhere between 3 dB to 9 dB e Reach is the longest loop length that the system can support with a given margin and a BER of less than 10 at the given data rate Rate Adaptation With PairGain s rate adaptive technology the Megabit Modem CRA C can automatically adjust to the fastest speed possible given the transmission distance and line conditions Alternatively the provider can manually set the modem to a specific rate The available data rates are e downstream transmit rates 3 168 Mbps 2 528 Mbps 2 208 Mbps 1 888 Mbps 1 568 Mbps 1 248 Mbps 928 Kbps 608 Kbps e upstream receive rates 1 080 Mbps 944 Kbps 808 Kbps 672 Kbps 536 Kbps 400 Kbps 264 Kbps 82 66 Kbps 2 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual About the Megabit Modem CRA C The Megabit Modem CRA C can be set to any one of three modes that determine how the data rate is selected It is important to note that rate adaptation occurs only during startup The Megabit Modem CRA C will not change its data rate while the link is up The three startup modes are e Full startup always In the full start
15. is the startup margin setting This setting defaults to 6 dB but may be set from 3 dB to 9 dB The modems will attempt to come up at the programmed margin setting Setting the margin high allows for a cushion against changing line conditions and impulse noise Setting the margin low provides less protection but allows the modems to come up at a higher data rate if in the rate adaptive modes or at a longer loop length if in the fixed data rate mode The default setting of 6 dB is recommended and provides an overall BER better than 10 Reducing the setting to 0 dB will only provide a BER of less than 10 and is not recommended 4 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual About the Megabit Modem CRA C Reach 26 AWG Upstream Reach 26 AWG Downstream 18 16 14 12 kft 8 eec 6 F 1000 800 600 kbps Reach 24 AWG Upstream 40 200 kbps 500 Reach 24 AWG Downstream 24 22 20 18 16 kft kft 14 12 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 800 1000 00 6i kbps 400 200 0 00 3000 25 500 2000 kbps 1 000 1 500 Note Charts show typical operating range Figure 1 Reach for a Rate Adaptive ADSL Megabit Modem Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual About the Megabit Modem CRA C 6 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual INSTALL THE MEGABIT MODEM CRA C Install the Megabit Modem CRA C using these sections For inf
16. network parameters and save them to flash so the BOOTP operation can be bypassed The BOOTP server should be connected to the same segment as the Megabit Modem 10BASE T port Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 65 Network and Management Overview TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP is used to download networking image code to the Megabit Modem CR A C from a TFTP server This allows software upgrades to be performed over the network The Megabit Modem CRA C initiates a TFTP download of application code in these situations current application code is not valid this occurs when the CRC calculated on power up doesn t match the expected CRC user sets the value of Image Load Mode to NETWORK save the configuration to flash and reboots the Megabit Modem CRA C In either case the Megabit Modem CRA C performs a BOOTP request first to get the most current network configuration If the BOOTP fails the TFTP session is attempted TFTP conforms to RFC 1350 The TFTP Protocol Revision 2 TFTP uses the connectionless User Datagram Protocol UDP for file transfer with minimum overhead Encapsulation Protocols You can select from two packet encapsulation formats for data transported across the ADSL WAN link Point to Point Protocol PPP or High level Data Link Control HDLC which is the default HDLC is the preferred when the system is terminated at each end with PairGain products that have Ethernet ports PPP is used when inter
17. seconds snr DOWNSTREAM UPSTREAM 000 000 gt 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 gt 000 000 000 000 gt 000 000 000 000 gt 000 000 000 000 e 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 P 000 000 C lear P revious N ext R eturn M ain ENTER CHOICE gt to clear all ES UAS counts including the equivalent counts in the remote unit The minimum SNR for the period is reset to the current SNR The 24 Hour ADSL Performance History data is lost when the Megabit Modem CRA C is turned off 4 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 45 Configure and View Status 7 Days ADSL Performance History The 7 Day ADSL Performance History menu displays the ES and UAS counts and the minimum SNR margins for the previous 6 days and the current day The division of the intervals is based on 12 am midnight as the dividing boundary and the current day count is not necessarily equal to the total count for the past 24 hours 3 on the ADSL Menu to open the 7 Day ADSL Performance History menu 07 02 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES ATU C ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 7 DAY ADSL PERFORMANCE HISTORY errored seconds unavailable seconds snr 07 02 97 07 01 97 06 30 97 06 29 97 06 28 97 06 27 97 06 26 97 ENTER CHOICE gt DOWNSTREAM 00000 00000 00003 00038 00000 00000 00000 00000 00000 00000 00000 00000
18. the Megabit Modem CRA C or view system status using an ASCII terminal connected to the console port Go to the following sections To complete this task Go to page Connect to an ASCII terminal 17 How to log on and navigate the menus 19 How to configure a remote unit 23 Configure the system settings 24 Configure the ADSL transceiver 26 Configure the Bridge Router 30 View status 41 Log out 49 Connect to an ASCII Terminal Connect the Megabit Modem CRA C to an ASCII terminal 1 Plug the console adapter into the standard 9 pin COM port on the ASCII terminal and tighten the captive screws until they are snug Figure 7 Skip this step if the ASCII terminal has an RJ 48 jack 2 Connect one end of the silver console cable to the console adapter 3 Connect the other end of the silver console cable to the console port on the Megabit Modem CRA C rear panel Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 17 18 Configure and View Status Megabit Modem CRA C ASCII terminal d en A Console Ne adapter Console cable Figure 7 Connecting to an ASCII Terminal 4 Configure these communication settings for the ASCII terminal e 9600 to 19 200 baud e no parity e 8 data bits e stop bit flow control to OFF 5 Select ANSI for terminal emulation Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Configure and View Status How to Log On and Navigate the Menus This section shows you how to log on and then how to navigate the menu structu
19. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 LAN IP ADDR 192 168 240 10 LAN SUBNET MASK 255 255 255 0 LINE IP ADDR 172 16 100 1 LINE SUBNET MASK 255 255 255 0 BOOT SERVER IP ADDR 0 0 0 0 BOOT MODE LOCAL IMAGE FILE NAME IMAGE LOAD MODE LOCAL PACKET ENCAPSULATION LAN PORT CONF LINE PORT CONF OTHER CONF t P 0 ENTER gt 2 1 press the spacebar to toggle to Router then press ENTER Atthe prompt Save current setting Y N type Y to display the screen below Ensure the mode setting is Router The following screen shows configuration for a Megabit Modem CRA C ATU C routed toward a remote Megabit Modem CRA ATU R using IP addresses from the example in Figure 12 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Configure and View Status The following screen shows configuration for a Megabit Modem CRA ATU R routed toward a Megabit Modem CRA C ATU C using IP addresses from the example in Figure 12 07 02 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES 08 54 33 ATU R ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 BRIDGE ROUTING CONFIGURATION MENU MODE SETTING 1 BRIDGE ROUTER MODE ROUTER IP STATIC ROUTING DESTINATION SUBNET MASK GATEWAY ADDRESS TABLE DEFAULT 172 16 100 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 LAN IP ADDR 192 168 242 1 LAN SUBNET MASK 255 255 255 0 LINE IP ADDR 172 16 100 2 LINE SUBNET MASK 255 290 250 0 BOOT SERVER IP ADDR 00 00 BOOT MODE LOCAL
20. 168 200 5 via 172 16 100 4 Router to 172 30 0 0 LAN IP Address 172 16 100 2 Static Route to 192 168 200 5 via 172 16 100 4 Default Router LAN IP Address 172 16 100 3 Static Route to 192 168 200 5 via 172 16 100 4 Figure 12 Example for Static IP Routing 58 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Network and Management Overview Megabit Modem CRA C IP Addresses The Megabit Modem CRA C has two IP addresses one for the ADSL WAN port and one for the Ethernet port In Figure 13 the non shaded side of the provider and subscriber modems indicates the LAN address for the Ethernet 10BASE T connection The shaded side of the provider and subscriber modems is the IP Line address for the ADSL line connection Note that the IP Line address is unique from the LAN addresses When connecting a Megabit Modem CRA C and a Megabit Modem CRA point to point via ADSL the IP Line addresses are completely isolated and hidden from the rest of the network As a result any valid IP address can be assigned to these ports but should be on the same subnet When routing data travels one hop at a time Figure 13 shows destination and next hop IP addresses The destination address indicates the network and subnetwork of the next hop for a common network topology The default gateway is the router to which datagrams are sent that do not have an assigned route in the static routing table Use Figure 13 as a worksheet to help you determine record static
21. 8 shows the structure for the Megabit Modem CRA C menus Type the number of the menu item you want to view or configure 1 System Status and Configuration 1 System Information 2 System Configuration ADSL Menu 1 ADSL Performance Status N 2 24 Hour ADSL Performance History 3 7 Day ADSL Performance History 4 ADSL Alarm History 5 ADSL Transceiver Configuration 6 Full ADSL Reset 7 Session ADSL Reset 3 Bridge Router Menu 1 Bridge Router Configuration 2 SNMP Configuration 3 Statistics Remote Logon Logout gt Figure 8 Megabit Modem CRA C Menu Structure Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 2 Configure and View Status Table 6 shows the ASCII terminal key functions used to navigate the menus and to select settings Table 6 Keyboard Functions Key 210 Function Restores the parameter to the last saved setting Applies to parameters where you type a value but not to parameters you toggle Goes to Main Menu Performs a log out from the Main Menu Returns to the next higher level menu Refreshes the current screen Toggles between ATU C and ATU R menus Status Menus and Reports Clears the current values Selects the next page Selects the previous page Restores previous setting by undoing the last action When configuring Megabit Modem CRA C parameters 22 Toggle among predefined optional settings for example select STARTUP OPTION in the ADSL Co
22. ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 SYSTEM INFORMATION ATU C ATU R PRODUCT NUM 1704 01 1704 02 HARDWARE REV POO MANUF DATE 01 01 96 01 01 96 SERIAL NUM 000000000000 000000000000 SOFTWARE REV 01 01 01 01 PROM CHECKSUM 5D7D 1038 300C AFF9 TRANSCEIVER HARDWARE NUM 1752 01 1764 01 HARDWARE REV POO BRIDGE MODULE SOFTWARE REV v2 22 V2 22 PROM CHECKSUM 1234 1234 HISTORY DAY IN OPERATION 4 4 R eturn M ain ENTER CHOICE gt Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 41 Configure and View Status ADSL Transceiver Status From the Main Menu type 2 to display the ADSL Menu 07 02 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES 08 44 57 ATU C ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 ADSL MENU ADSL PERFORMANCE STATUS 24 HOUR ADSL PERFORMANCE HISTORY 7 DAY ADSL PERFORMANCE HISTORY ADSL ALARM HISTORY ADSL TRANSCEIVER CONFIGURATION MENU FULL ADSL RESET SESSION ADSL RESET M ain ENTER CHOICE Select options 1 through 4 to view status for the ADSL transceiver The ADSL ES counts UAS counts and minimum SNR margins are updated every second and can be viewed from the ADSL Performance History screens shown on pages 43 through 47 42 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Configure and View Status ADSL Performance Status The ADSL Performance Status screen is updated every second and provides a summary of the ADSL parameters and outstanding ADSL related alarms This screen displays the upstream and downstream ADSL links Th
23. C User Manual LIMITED WARRANTY PairGain Technologies Incorporated warrants its products to be free of defective and faulty workmanship for a period of 60 months under normal use from the date of shipment PairGain s obligation under this warranty is limited to replacing or repairing at PairGain s option any such product which is returned during the warranty period per PairGain s instructions and which product in PairGain s sole option is determined to be defective upon examination at our plant CRA C The unit S components are not user serviceable Opening the system chassis or attempting to modify the unit in any way voids its warranty Do not disassemble the Megabit Modem The transportation charges from the Buyer to PairGain will be prepaid by the Buyer When the equipment is shipped back to the Buyer PairGain will pay the charges unless no trouble is found NTF in which case the buyer will pay for the shipment PairGain may use reconditioned parts for such repair or replacement This warranty does not apply to any product which has been repaired worked upon or altered by persons not authorized by PairGain or in PairGain s sole judgment has subjected to misuse accident fire or other casualty or operation beyond its design range Repaired products have a 90 day warranty or until the end of the original warranty period whichever period is greater Modules sent to PairGain for repair will be repaired or replaced
24. CII terminal for configuring the Megabit Modem s 10BASE T RJ 45 MDI X cross over port used to connect the Megabit MDI X port Modem CRA C to a 1OBASE T port of a data network device ADSL port RJ 48 port used to connect the Megabit Modem CRA C to the ADSL transmission line Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 11 Install the Megabit Modem CRA C Install the Megabit Modem CRA C Complete the steps in the order listed to install the Megabit Modem CRA C e connect to the ADSL line connect to the data network Connect to the ADSL Line The Megabit Modem CRA C requires a single pair of telephone wires to connect the subscriber to the service provider One wire is the Tip and the other is the Ring See Table 4 for pinouts Connect the Tip and Ring wires to your Megabit Modem CRA C 1 Plug the RJ 45 connector of the ADSL cable gray into the ADSL port on the Megabit Modem CRA C rear panel Figure 4 2 Connect the RJ 11 connector to the ADSL line Megabit Modem CRA C To Service Provider ADSL Category 3 Straight through cable Figure 4 Connecting to the ADSL Line 12 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Install the Megabit Modem CRA C Table 4 ADSL Pin Assignments for RJ 45 Connector Pin Signal 1 Not Used 2 Not Used 3 Not Used 4 ADSL Ring 5 ADSL Tip 6 Not Used 7 Not Used 8 Not Used Connect to the Data Network The IOBASE T MDI X port connects the Megabit Modem CRA C to the data network If the dat
25. NICAL ASSISTANCE 69 World Wide Web 69 ouest oor ERROR DEDE 69 LIMITED WARRANTY 71 GLOSSARY 73 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual ABOUT THE MEGABIT MODEM CRA C The PairGain Megabit Modem CRA C uses Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line ADSL technology to provide on a single pair telephone line a multi megabit Ethernet connection between the subscriber and the service provider The Megabit Modem CRA C transmits data up to 3 16 Mbps from a service provider and receives data up to 1 08 Mbps from a subscriber The Megabit Modem CRA C is rate adaptive its speed is adjusted to the maximum attainable data rate depending on distance and line condition Additionally ADSL technology allows ordinary telephone service to coexist with the high speed data service on the same wire pair The rate adaptive Megabit Modem allows the service provider to deliver the best possible data rate for any subscriber Typically a subscriber closest to the provider receives the highest data rate available while subscribers farther away receive data at a lower transmission rate The Megabit Modem CRA C has field proven Carrierless Amplitude modulation and Phase modulation CAP line coding The 2 dimensional 8 state Trellis coding with Viterbi decoding and the Reed Solomon forward error correction provide robust transmission in harsh environments Use the Megabit Modem CRA C for application solutions particularly those requiring high speed tran
26. RESS 0 0 0 0 RECEIVER 2 COMM STRING C onfirm U ndo R eturn M ain ENTER CHOICE gt 2 Dothe following for each SNMP Configuration option you want to change the number of the option you want to configure Select using the spacebar or type in the appropriate information for each option as indicated in Table 12 then press ENTER 38 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Configure and View Status Table 12 SNMP Configuration Options No For Option 1 SNMP Read Only Comm String 2 SNMP Read Write Comm String 3 Authentication Trap Status 4 Trap Receiver 1 IP Address 5 Trap Receiver 1 Comm String 6 Trap Receiver 2 IP Address 7 Trap Receiver 2 Comm String Function Provides the authentication string used for SNMP read only operations At the prompt NEW COMMUNITY STRING type in appropriate community string Typically use either Public or Private The read only community string setting must match the network manager community string setting of Public or Private The authentication string is required for the Megabit Modem CRA C to correctly respond to SNMP set and get requests Provides the authentication string used for SNMP read write operations At the prompt NEW COMMUNITY STRING type either Public default or Private The read write community string setting must match the network manager community string setting of Public or Private The authentication string is requi
27. a Router section page 34 After you change Bridge Router Configuration or the SNMP Configuration options Reset the Ethernet bridge page 40 to make the changes effective 30 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Configure and View Status Configure as a Bridge Configure Bridge parameters at the Bridge Router Menu Bridge configuration options are maintained and restored through the system s local service port and are kept in NVRAM to be used in subsequent initializations 1 Type at the Bridge Router Menu to display the Bridge Configuration Menu 2 Type 1 press the spacebar to toggle to Bridge then press ENTER Atthe prompt Save current setting Y N type Y to display this screen Ensure the mode setting is Bridge 07 02 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES ATU C ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 BRIDGE CONFIGURATION MENU SETTINGS BRIDGE ROUTER MODE BRIDGE LOCAL IP ADDR 192 168 240 LOCAL SUBNET MASK 29552554255 BOOT ROUTER IP ADDR 0 0 0 0 DEFAULT ROUTER IP ADDR 192 168 240 SPANNING TREE DISABLE BOOT SERVER IP ADDR 0 0 0 0 BOOT MODE LOCAL IMAGE FILE NAME IMAGE LOAD MODE LOCAL PACKET ENCAPSULATION C onfirm R eturn M ain ENTER CHOICE gt 3 Do the following for each Bridge Configuration option you want to change the number or letter of the option you want to configure Select using the spacebar or type in the appropriate information for each option as indicated in Table
28. a network has an MDI X port use the yellow cross over Category 3 or better cable If the data network has an MDI port use the black straight through Category 3 or better cable Table 5 and Figure 5 show the IOBASE T Ethernet interface data signals for both MDI and MDI X configurations Table 5 IOBASE T Interface Control Signals MDI Pin MDI X Pin Signal Description 1 3 TD Transmit Data 2 6 TD Transmit Data 3 1 RD Receive Data 4 4 5 5 6 2 RD Receive Data 7 7 8 8 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 13 Install the Megabit Modem CRA C Megabit Modem CRA C MDI X port Straight through cable Megabit Modem CRA C MDI X port MDI port Cable jack Cable jack data network device 3 3 gem 1 1 2 2 Cross over cable Cable jack MDI X port Cable jack data network device Figure 5 Straight through and Cross over Cable Pinouts 14 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Install the Megabit Modem CRA C Connect to the data network using either the black straight through cable or the yellow cross over cable 1 Plug the RJ 45 connector of the Category 3 cable into the 10BASE T MDI X connector on the Megabit Modem CRA C rear panel Figure 6 2 Attach the other end of the Category 3 cable to the IOBASE T port of your data network Megabit Mode
29. an press 18 T atthe logon screen or at any menu shown in the menu tree Figure 8 to toggle between the local and remote Megabit Modems Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 23 Configure and View Status Configure the System Settings This section describes configurable system settings You can change factory default settings like time and date or create a password and unique ID for the unit 1 On the Main Menu type 1 to display the System Status and Configuration menu 07 02 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES 08 43 23 ATU C ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 SYSTEM STATUS AND CONFIGURATION 1 SYSTEM INFORMATION 2 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION ENTER CHOICE 2 2 to display the System Configuration menu 07 02 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES 08 54 52 ATU C ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION CHANGE SYSTEM TIME CHANGE SYSTEM DATE CHANGE PASSWORD FACTORY DEFAULT CONFIGURATION R eturn M ain ENTER CHOICE 24 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Configure and View Status 3 Do the following for each system setting option you want to change the number of the option you want to configure the appropriate information for each option as indicated in Table 7 then press ENTER Table 7 System Configuration Options Type For Option No 1 Change System Time 2 Change System Date 3 Change Password 4 Factory Default Configuration Function Type
30. and returned to you as soon as possible Normally current products are repaired within 14 calendar days and out of production products are repaired within 30 calendar days To return equipment to PairGain 1 Call PairGain Customer Service at 800 370 9670 or send a fx to 714 730 2961 to get a Return Material Authorization RMA Number and instructions for returning your equipment For other information or questions PairGain Technologies can be contacted by telephone at 800 638 0031 or 714 832 9922 or by fax at 714 832 9924 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 71 Limited Warranty 72 7 Provide the following information along with the equipment you re returning e Your company name address and the name of the person whom we can contact in case we have any questions e The same Purchase Order Number you gave us when you requested your RMA number e description of the equipment as well as the number of units you re returning to us Don t forget to include the model and part number of each unit e Shipping address so that we can return your equipment to you So we can determine why you re sending the equipment to us let us know which of the following applies to you The equipment needs an ECO ECN upgrade The equipment is defective Please tell us what you observed just before the equipment malfunctioned Be as detailed in your description as possible If there s another reason f
31. dem CRA C Front Panel Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 9 Install the Megabit Modem CRA C Table 2 Front Panel LEDs LED Mode Description Power Green Indicates power is on 10BASE T LINK Green Ethernet connection up Off Ethernet connection down TX Green Transmit activity at port Off No transmit activity at port COL Green Collisions occurring on the port Off No collisions occurring on the port ADSL SYNC Solid green Normal operation Flashing green Training in progress Off Megabit Modem CRA not synchronized with Megabit Modem CRA C STAT Solid green Normal operation Flashing green Test Alarm condition exists MAR Solid green Margin is above threshold Flashing green Margin is below threshold 10 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Install the Megabit Modem CRA C Rear Panel Figure 3 and Table 3 describe the Megabit Modem CRA C rear panel features PAIRGAIN Megabit Modem CRA C POWER 1 Ir Power On Off Console 10BASE T ADSL port connector Switch port MDI X port Figure 3 Megabit Modem CRA C Rear Panel Table 3 Rear Panel Components Name Function POWER connector 6 pin mini DIN type port that supplies power to Megabit Modem CRA C Do not connect any other wall plug supply to the Megabit Modem CRA C unit otherwise you can permanently damage the unit ON OFF switch Toggle switch used to turn modem ON and OFF CONSOLE port RJ 45 connector RS 232 compatible used to connect an AS
32. dless of the line quality 28 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Configure and View Status Reset the ADSL Transceiver When you change any of the options 1 through 4 at the ADSL Menu Reset the ADSL transceiver to make the changes effective and re establish the ADSL link 07 02 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES 08 44 57 ATU C ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 ADSL MENU ADSL PERFORMANCE STATUS 24 HOUR ADSL PERFORMANCE HISTORY 7 DAY ADSL PERFORMANCE HISTORY ADSL ALARM HISTORY ADSL TRANSCEIVER CONFIGURATION MENU FULL ADSL RESET SESSION ADSL RESET M ain ENTER CHOICE Type either 6 7 from the ADSL Menu to Reset the ADSL transceiver Table 9 describes the Reset options Table 9 Reset ADSL Transceiver Options Type No 6 For Option Full ADSL Reset Session ADSL Reset Function Select this option to reset and set a transmission rate up to the maximum specified in options 2 and 3 of the ADSL Transceiver Configuration Menu It determines this rate by assessing the signal quality data line length and noise conditions for example and the SNR value set in option 4 of the ADSL Transceiver Configuration Menu Select this option to reset and use the data rates acquired during the previous full startup rather than re assessing the signal quality data and determining new rates Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 29 Configure and View Status Configure the Bridge Router
33. e CRC calculated on power up matches the expected CRC If it does not the Megabit Modem CRA C attempts to get a new image using the TFTP Set Network with local backup to attempt to download the image file over the network It first issues a BOOTP request to get the image filename and image server IP address then it initiates a TFTP session If the BOOTP fails the TFTP fails or the downloaded image is invalid the image file is loaded using the local image mode If no image is loaded after cycling through the TFTP process at least five times the Megabit Modem CRA C resets and repeats the process Indicates the format used to encapsulate the Ethernet packets over ADSL Choices are HDLC default and PPP Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 33 Configure and View Status Configure as a Router Configure Router parameters at the Bridge Router Menu Router configuration options are maintained and restored through the system s local service port and are kept in NVRAM to be used in subsequent initializations 34 1 at the Bridge Router Menu to display the Bridge Routing Configuration Menu 07 02 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES 08 54 33 ATU C ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 BRIDGE ROUTING CONFIGURATION MENU MODE SETTING 1 BRIDGE ROUTER MODE ROUTER IP STATIC ROUTING DESTINATION SUBNET MASK GATEWAY ADDRESS TABLE DEFAULT 192 168 240 1 192 168 242 0 255 255 255 0 172 16 100 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
34. e SNR signal to noise ratio margin column displays both the current SNR margins as well as the minimum SNR margins for the current 24 hour period Press on the ADSL Menu to display the ADSL Performance Status screen 07 02 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES ATU C ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 ADSL PERFORMANCE STATUS DOWN ALARMS NONE UP ALARMS NONE SYSTEM STATE DATA DOWNSTREAM UPSTREAM SNR MARGIN dB 13414131 LINE ATTN 0 1 24 HOUR ES 3 24 HOUR UAS 38 DATA RATE kbps 3168 1080 C lear R eturn M ain ENTER CHOICE gt A Do not type unless you want to clear the ADSL performance and alarm counters in both the local and remote units Type to clear the ADSL performance and alarm counters This also clears the counts in the remote Megabit Modem CRA Table 13 describes the ADSL Performance Status screen fields Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 43 Configure and View Status Table 13 ADSL Performance Status Screen Fields Field Meaning Down Alarms Identifies the current alarms in the path to the subscriber Up Alarms Identifies the current alarms in the path from the subscriber System State Describes the state of the ADSL system Startup states DATA normal operation HAND handshake TRAIN training transceivers for loop conditions WSYNC waiting for frame synchronization SNR Margin dB Identifies the current cur and minimum min margin values for the ADSL loop for the curren
35. enance Port Type RS 232C RJ 45 Data Rate Autobaud from 2400 to 19 200 baud Hardware Flow Control Not Supported Agency Certifications FCCB UL CE CSA PairGain reserves the right to change features and specifications without notice Cd 68 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PairGain Technical Assistance is available 24 hours a day 7 days a week by contacting PairGain s Customer Service Engineering group at one of the following numbers Telephone 800 638 0031 714 832 9922 Fax 714 832 9924 During normal business hours 8 00 AM to 5 00 PM Pacific Time Monday Friday excluding holidays technical assistance calls are normally answered directly by a Customer Service Engineer At other times a request for technical assistance is handled by an on duty Customer Service Engineer through a callback process This process results in a callback normally within 30 minutes of initiating the request World Wide Web PairGain product company and application information can be found at http www pairgain com using any Web browser FTP PairGain Management Information Bases MIBs are available using the Internet at ftp pairgain com use e FTPftp pargain com login using anonymous as you log in name use guest or your e mail address as you user password enter cd snmp rex mibs e getpgrexmib txt Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 69 Technical Assistance 70 Megabit Modem CRA
36. ession startup is not successful for 30 seconds This is the default Fixed data rate At startup the system attempts only the data rates that you select in options 2 and 3 for maximum upstream and downstream data rates The system attempts to come up at the programmed data rates with a margin greater than or equal to the configured margin If the data rates cannot be obtained then the system will continue to attempt the data rate If it does not achieve it syne will not occur Max Up Select a maximum data rate for the upstream channel from Data Rate subscriber to service provider Use the spacebar to scroll through the available rates continued Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 27 Configure and View Status Type No 3 Table 8 ADSL Transceiver Options continued For Option Max Down Data Rate Startup SNR Margin Margin Threshold ES Threshold Alarm Configuration Transmit Spectrum Function Select a maximum data rate for the downstream channel from service provider to subscriber Use the spacebar to scroll through the available rates Press the spacebar to select a startup SNR margin from 3 to 9 dB or NA don t care about startup SNR margin The default is 6 dB Type a dB value from 0 to 15 The Margin Threshold in dB is the excess SNR relative to the SNR at 10 BER operation When the margin falls below the threshold this causes an SNR margin alarm and the MAR LED on the fron
37. etconfiguration get status A Management Information Base MIB defines these configuration and status parameters The Internet Engineering Task Force IETF specifies standard MIBs for certain types of devices ensuring any NMS can manage them Additionally vendors can issue proprietary MIBs for their devices to fit specific needs Table 19 shows the Megabit Modem CRA C SNMP configuration parameters that are maintained and restored through the local console port These parameters are kept in the Megabit Modem CRA C NVRAM and are parameters that must be configured for SNMP to work Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 61 Network and Management Overview Table 19 SNMP Configuration Default Values Attribute Download Image File Name Factory Default Not configurable via console Local IP Address 0 0 0 0 Local Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Boot Router IP Address 0 0 0 0 Default Router IP Address 0 0 0 0 Boot Server IP Address 0 0 0 0 Boot Mode local network local Image Load Mode local network local SNMP RO Community String public SNMP RW Community String private Trap Receiver 1 IP Address 0 0 0 0 Trap Receiver 1 Community String Trap Receiver 2 IP Address Trap Receiver 2 Community String Authentication Trap enable disable ST Enable disable null string 0 0 0 0 Null string disable disable Megabit Modem CRA C SNMP Agent An agent is program resident in managed devices for example Megabit Modem CRA C m
38. facing to a WAN port on non PairGain equipment In PPP mode the Megabit Modem CRA C supports the Bridge Control Protocol BCP RFC 1638 when configured as a bridge and the Internet Protocol Control Protocol IPCP RFC 1332 when configured as a router 66 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ADSL Line Signal Format Transmit Signal Power Connector Ethernet Port Connector Bandwidth Filtering Forwarding Performance Address Learning Encapsulation Format Bridging Routing Physical Height Width Depth Electrical Power Input Power Dissipation Environmental Temperature Relative Humidity Electromagnetic Emissions Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual CAP Line Code up to 23 dBm RJ 48 RJ 45 10BASE T 14 Kpps 64 byte packets both directions 2 7 Kpps 2000 MAC addresses with aging Low overhead HDLC or PPP IEEE 802 1d transparent with Spanning Tree Protocol Static IP maps 2 2 inches 5 6 cm 7 5 inches 19 0 cm 9 5 inches 24 13 cm 100 to 130 VAC 60 Hz 8W 0 to 50 C 0 to 85 Per FCC Part 15 Class A 67 Technical Specifications Management and Maintenance Embedded SNMP Agent BOOTP TFTP download with RFC 1542 extensions RFC 1533 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol RFC 1213 MIB II RFC 1493 bridge MIB base ST transparent groups PairGain xDSL bridge MIB extensions RFC 1215 Traps link state and ST Traps newRoot topology Changed ASCII Terminal Maint
39. gure and View Status Do the following for each system setting option you want to change e the number of the option you want to configure e Select using the spacebar or type the appropriate information for each option as indicated in Table 8 then press ENTER After you type R or and have made changes to the ADSL transceiver you are prompted Save current settings Y N Type Y for yes or N for no You then return to the ADSL Menu Table 8 ADSL Transceiver Options Function Option Startup Select one of three startup options using the spacebar The unit Option uses the option you select to achieve a transmission rate for the ADSL line at a reboot or if the line is dropped and recovered Full startup always System will always attempt a full startup where it will set a transmission rate up to the maximum specified in options 2 and 3 for maximum upstream and downstream data rate It determines this rate by assessing the signal quality data line length and noise conditions for example and the SNR value set in option 4 for SNR startup margin It then uses the highest available rate based on this information Session startup Session startup uses the data acquired during a full startup to achieve a transmission rate rather than re assessing the signal quality data In this mode the system performs a session startup upon every powerup or reset and would also revert back to a full startup attempt when a s
40. he first time an alarm is detected Last Lists the last time an alarm was detected Current Identifies the current status of the alarm Durations Indicates the total accumulated number of seconds the system was in alarm condition since the last clear Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 47 Configure and View Status Ethernet Bridge Statistics The Megabit Modem CRA C provides real time non disruptive monitoring of system performance This menu displays a count of the valid Ethernet and ADSL frames received and forwarded by the IOBASE T MDI X and the line ports respectively The display is updated every 10 seconds and whenever you access this menu Access the Statistics screen for the bridge by typing on the Main Menu then typing on the Bridge Router Menu 07 02 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES 08 55 07 ATU C ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 ENTER CHOICE BRIDGE STATISTICS MENU INPUT FRAMES 10443613 OUTPUT FRAMES 5277712 DISCARDED FRAMES ERRORED FRAMES INPUT FRAMES 5278375 OUTPUT FRAMES 10437290 DISCARDED FRAMES ERRORED FRAMES R eturn M ain Table 15 describes the Bridge Statistics fields 48 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Configure and View Status Table 15 Bridge Statistics Fields Field Definition Ethernet Port Input Frames The number of frames correctly received Output Frames The number of frames correctly transmitted Discarded Frames The number of frames dropped due
41. ifferent TFTP server address on the BOOTP configuration file Select either Local default or Network for how the Megabit Modem CRA C learns its protocol and network configuration boot information during power on or reset Local Boot configuration is contained in NVRAM When Network is selected the Megabit Modem CRA C learns its configuration over the network via a BOOTP server It is recommended that the BOOTP server be connected to the same segment as the Megabit Modem CRA C 10BASE T port continued Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Configure and View Status Table 10 Bridge Configuration continued Type For Option No 9 Image File Name A Image Load Mode B Packet Encapsulation Function Read only value This parameter can be configured only in the BOOTP configuration file and is acquired when Boot Mode and Image Load Mode are set to network This name must match the name of a file on the TFTP server in order for an image file download to occur Specifies how the operational image code is loaded for the Ethernet bridge The Megabit Modem CRA C supports both local and remote loading Local image code is contained in flash devices for local loading of operation code When loading over the network use BOOTP RFC 951 and TFTP RFC 783 to obtain image files Set Local default to load the image file from the application sector of the Megabit Modem CRA C non volatile device if valid The code is valid if th
42. lt to load the image file from the application sector of the Megabit Modem CRA C non volatile device if valid The code is valid if the CRC calculated on power up matches the expected CRC If it does not the Megabit Modem CRA C attempts to get a new image via the TFTP Set Network with local backup to attempt to download the image file over the network It first issues a BOOTP request to get the image filename and image server IP address then it initiates a TFTP session If the BOOTP fails the TFTP fails or the downloaded image is invalid the image file is loaded using the local image mode If no image is loaded after cycling through the TFTP process at least five times the Megabit Modem CRA C resets and repeats the process E Packet Indicates the encapsulation format used to envelope the Encapsulation Ethernet packets over ADSL Choices are HDLC default and PPP Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 37 Configure and View Status Configure SNMP Configure SNMP parameters and trap addresses at the SNMP Configuration menu 1 2 at the Bridge Router Menu to display the SNMP Configuration Menu 07 02 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES 08 53 26 ATU C ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 SNMP CONFIGURATION MENU SETTINGS SNMP READ ONLY COMM STRING SNMP READ WRITE COMM STRING private AUTHENTICATION TRAP STATUS ENABLE TRAP RECEIVER 1 IP ADDRESS 0 0 0 0 TRAP RECEIVER 1 COMM STRING public TRAP RECEIVER 2 IP ADD
43. m CRA C Data network device 10BASE T port www e Category 3 or better cable Figure 6 Connecting to the Data Network Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 15 Install the Megabit Modem CRA C Power Up and Check LEDs Install the power cable and power up the Megabit Modem CRA C 1 Plug the mini DIN connector on the wall plug supply into the power connector on the rear of the Megabit Modem CRA C then plug the wall plug supply into the facility power Do not connect any other wall plug supply to the Megabit Modem CRA C If you use another wall plug supply you can permanently damage the unit 2 Turn ON the ON OFF switch on the rear panel The unit enters self test mode with the following LED indications e ADSL STAT LED flashes green e ADSL SYNC LED flashes green e Power LED lit solid green Allow the Megabit Modem CRA C approximately 30 to 60 seconds to synchronize with the Megabit Modem CRA at the other end of the ADSL line 3 Verify the following LED indications after the self test is completed e 10BASE T LINK LED is solid green when the Ethernet port is connected e ADSL SYNC LED is solid green e ADSL STAT LED is solid green e ADSL MAR LED is solid green If conditions other than those listed above exist check the installation See Table 2 for a description of the front panel indications 16 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual CONFIGURE AND VIEW STATUS In this chapter you configure
44. mation is sent to a physical address known as a Media Access Control MAC address The Megabit Modem CRA C provides transparent Ethernet MAC level bridging Itis a completely self contained bridge with a CPU memory subsystems RAM Flash etc an Ethernet controller and Ethernet drivers and other glue logic It provides complete main bridging tasks of learning forwarding filtering and hashing buffer management Additionally it offers 802 1d Spanning Tree protocol packet encapsulation via HDLC or PPP framing and other local tasks Forwarding performance is at 2 7 kpps kilo packets per second and filtering performance is at full Ethernet rate of 14 kpps for 64 byte frames minimum size Spanning Tree Spanning Tree protocol eliminates loops in a LAN topology by partitioning out redundant links between LAN segments This ensures that there is only one path or link between any two nodes on the network If this link goes down Spanning Tree enables the partitioned links to create a new loop free topology if possible An example of the active topology is shown in Figure 9 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 51 Network and Management Overview 52 Example LAN Physical Network This physical configuration is valid only when used with Spanning Tree to eliminate loops Loop free Topology Using Spanning Tree Protocol N N I I 1 Bridge 5 Figure 9 Spanning Tree Topology Megabit Modem CRA C User
45. mpts to accomplish it When a connection is lost in any mode the cable disconnected for example the system attempts reconnection as if it has been reset Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 3 About the Megabit Modem CRA C Reach Data Rate SNR Margin and Noise Environment The maximum transmission rate of the Megabit Modem CRA C is determined by distance SNR margin and the condition of the line wire gauge condition noise environment Figure 1 shows the relationship between reach and data rate for a given set of conditions The plots can be used to determine the achievable reach at a given data rate or they may be used to determined the achievable data rates at a given distance In all of the cases except the no noise case a margin of 6 dB was allocated above the SNR that provides a Bit Error Rate BER of 10 These line conditions fall within the range of the plots shown in Figure 1 e no noise 0 dB margin low noise 140 dBm Hz Additive White Gaussian Noise AWGN e 24 ISDN lines in the same binder group e 24 HDSL lines in the same binder group e 24 ADSL lines in the same binder group e 10 Tl lines in an adjacent binder group e one T1 line in the same binder group Sal The performance shown is typical for PairGain Megabit 4 Modem CRA products Due to variations in environment and test setup PairGain does not guarantee performance to the figures shown One of the configuration options in the Megabit Modem CRA C
46. n interfacing with non PairGain equipment HDLC is lower overhead and preferred when interfacing PairGain to PairGain equipment Default Router Specify the next hop default router entry This entry tells IP Address Megabit Modem CRA C what to do with a packet that has a destination address which is not in the Static IP Routing table IP Static Specify up to three static routes and one default route The Routing Table default route specifies where to send packets which do not match any of the other configured static routes LAN IP Configure the IP address and the Subnet Mask for the Address and 10BASE T port These must be configured for static IP Subnet Mask mapping to function properly Line IP Configure the IP address and Subnet Mask for the ADSL Address and WAN port Subnet Mask Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Network and Management Overview Table 18 External Router Static Route Entry Parameter Static Route Entry in External Routers Definition Configure a Static Route entry in any of the external routers which may have been specified as a Default Router or as a Gateway This is required because the static IP routing feature does not send periodic route updates using protocols like Routing Information Protocol RIP or Open Shortest Path First OSPF so that other external routers can automatically update their routing tables This implementation prevents other parties from discovering routes through eavesdropping
47. nfiguration Menu and then toggle through the choices as follows 1 Type the number of the option 2 Press the spacebar to select the new setting then press ENTER e Type required information for example to change system time type in the hour minute and second as hh mm ss as follows 1 Type the number of the option The screen prompts you to type specific information Type the information following the instructions on the screen then press ENTER Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Configure and View Status How to Configure a Remote Unit From the Megabit Modem CRA C you can view system parameters and set configuration options for the remote Megabit Modem CRA The remote console menu header reflects the remote unit as ATU R This shows that the console program is physically connected to the unit at the service provider site ATU C but is virtually configuring the unit at the subscriber site ATU R At the Main Menu type 4 for Remote Logon to display the configuration and status menus for Megabit Modem CRA remote ATU R 07 02 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES 08 43 18 ATU C ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 MAIN MENU SYSTEM STATUS AND CONFIGURATION ADSL MENU BRIDGE ROUTER MENU REMOTE LOGON Q LOGOUT ENTER CHOICE The following Remote Logon screen is displayed 07 02 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES 08 42 28 ATU R ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 LOGON PASSWORD gt Optionally you c
48. nications equipped computer system The direction of data transmission from the Megabit Modem CRA C to a remote unit Unshielded Twisted Pair Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 75 Glossary 76 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Corporate Office 14402 Franklin Avenue Tustin CA 92780 Tel 714 832 9922 Fax 714 832 9924 For Technical Assistance 800 638 0031 ISO 9001 DNVC ion Inc Certificated Firm PAIRGAIN
49. odems nodes routers and hubs Agents translate data into code the NMS can read Agents and NMS communicate using SNMP as the transport mechanism SNMP uses standard Internet Protocol IP to transport incoming and outgoing messages to the appropriate agent or NMS address Each SNMP command requires an IP address or NMS from the agent to transport these messages 62 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Network and Management Overview The Megabit Modem CRA C provides an SNMP agent that supports several MIBs for the management of the system The SNMP agent can process datagrams received from both the Ethernet interface LAN and the ADSL interface Line The agent and the protocol stack complies with the following RFCs 1155 Structure of Management Information SMI RFC 1157 Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP RFC 826 Address Resolution Protocol ARP e 792 Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP RFC 791 Internet Protocol IP e RFC 768 User Datagram Protocol UDP MIB and Trap Support Each managed device has configuration status and statistical information that defines its functionality and operational capabilities These elements together are the MIB for the device being managed The MIB defines the kind of information an NMS can retrieve from a managed device and the settings an NMS can control in a managed device Megabit Modem CRA C supports the following MIBs e 1213 MIB II Management Inf
50. or returning the equipment please let us know what it is so we can help you Pack the equipment in a shipping carton Write clearly on the outside of the carton PairGain s address and the assigned Return Material Authorization Number PairGain Technologies Inc 14352 Franklin Avenue Tustin CA 92780 7013 Attention Repair and Return Department Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual GLOSSARY The Glossary defines technical terms and abbreviations used in this manual Access Provider Access Rate ADSL Alarm Asymmetric Transmission AWG ATU C ATU R Bandwidth BER Binder Group Bit Bridge Bridged See Service Provider The transmission speed in bits per second of the physical access circuit between the end user and the network Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line A method of transmitting at different downstream and upstream speeds Any valid change of state from its normal condition detected at an alarm point Transmission which sends data at different rates in each direction American Wire Gauge ADSL Terminal Unit at the service provider site ADSL Terminal Unit at the remote site Used to describe the capacity or amount of traffic data voice or video a certain communications line is capable of accommodating Bit Error Rate The ratio of received bits that are in error A group of 25 or 50 pairs of wires In a binary system the smallest unit of information It is represented
51. ormation Base for Network Management of TCP IP Based Internet MIB II supported groups system interfaces IP ICMP UDP and SNMP groups 1215 A Convention for Defining Traps for Use with the SNMP supported objects ColdStart linkUp linkDown and authenticationFailure traps Link status traps are sent for events related to Ethernet e RFC 1493 Definition of Managed Objects for Bridges supported objects Base Spanning Tree and transparent bridging groups Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 63 Network and Management Overview The Spanning Tree MIB can only be accessed if the 2 Spanning Tree protocol is enabled Zi PairGain REX MIB an enterprise specific MIB designed for the agent in the Megabit Modem CRA C for managing the ADSL portion of the unit The Ethernet interface has the ifIndex value of 1 and the WAN ADSL interface has an ifIndex of 2 Access any PairGain specific MIBs through the Internet at ftp pairgain com Use the following e FTPftp pargain com login using anonymous as you log in name use guest or your e mail address as you user password enter cd snmp rex mibs getpgrexmib txt Network Configuration and Image Code Download BOOTP BOOTP is used to supply network configuration information to Megabit Modem CRA C from a BOOTP server Used in conjunction with TFTP you can use BOOTP to download image code The Megabit Modem CRA C initiates a BOOTP request in these situations curren
52. ormation about this topic Go to page Unpack and inspect the shipment 7 Identify LEDs and connectors 9 Install the Megabit Modem CRA C 12 Power up and check LEDs 16 Unpack and Inspect the Shipment Upon receipt of the equipment 1 Unpack each container and visually inspect it for signs of damage If the equipment has been damaged in transit immediately report the extent of damage to the transportation company and to your sales representative Order replacement equipment if necessary 2 Check the contents to the packing list to ensure complete and accurate shipment If the shipment is short or irregular contact your sales representative If you must store the equipment for a prolonged period store the equipment in its original container The shipping carton contains in addition to the Megabit Modem CRA C and this manual the cables described in Table 1 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 7 Install the Megabit Modem CRA C Table 1 Cables for Megabit Modem CRA C Item Straight through Category 3 cable Cross over Category 5 cable ADSL cable Console cable Console adapter Power supply Description Black unshielded twisted pair UTP cables terminated with RJ 45 connectors Yellow UTP cable terminated with RJ 45 connectors Gray UTP cable terminated with RJ 11 and RJ 45 connectors Flat silver eight wire cable with RJ 45 connectors at each end A rectangular DB 9 F to RJ 48 adapter wi
53. performance and alarm status menu options 1 through 4 See View Status page 41 for more information on options 1 through 4 Configure parameters for ADSL data transmission in the Configuration section that follows Then reset the Megabit Modem CRA C to make the changes effective using the Reset the ADSL Transceiver section page 29 From the Main Menu type 2 to display the ADSL Menu 07 02 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES 08 44 57 ATU C ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 ADSL MENU ADSL PERFORMANCE STATUS 24 HOUR ADSL PERFORMANCE HISTORY 7 DAY ADSL PERFORMANCE HISTORY ADSL ALARM HISTORY ADSL TRANSCEIVER CONFIGURATION MENU FULL ADSL RESET SESSION ADSL RESET M ain ENTER CHOICE gt Configuration Configure ADSL transmission parameters for the Megabit Modem CRA C ATU C only The Megabit Modem CRA ATU R uses the parameters specified for the Megabit Modem CRA C 1 Press 9 at the ADSL Menu to display the ADSL Configuration Menu 05 05 98 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES 08 51 00 ATU C ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 ADSL CONFIGURATION MENU STARTUP OPTION SESSION STARTUP MAX UP DATA RATE 1080 MAX DOWN DATA RATE 3168 STARTUP SNR MARGIN 6dB MARGIN THRESHOLD 4 ES THRESHOLD 100 ALARM CONFIGURATION LOF E MAR E ES E SES E SELF E TRANSMIT SPECTRUM STANDARD C onfirm U ndo R eturn M ain ENTER CHOICE gt 26 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Type No 2 For Confi
54. r static IP mapping to function correctly Input the subnet of the Megabit Modem CRA C ADSL port Necessary for static IP mapping to function correctly 255 255 255 0 is the default Gives the address of the TFTP server The default is the value of the BOOTP server if you have not configured a different TFTP server address on the BOOTP configuration file Describes the manner in which the Megabit Modem CRA C learns its protocol and network configuration during power on or reset Supports both local and remote loading of Boot information IP configuration only Local Boot configuration is contained in NVRAM The Megabit Modem CRA C obtains its configuration using values found in NVRAM when Local the default is selected When Network is selected the Megabit Modem CRA C learns its configuration over the network via a BOOTP server continued Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Configure and View Status Table 11 Router Configuration continued Type ForOption Function No C Image File Read only parameter The name must match the name Name of a file on the TFTP server for an image file download to occur D Image Load Specifies how the Ethernet bridge code is loaded The Mode Megabit Modem CRA C supports both local and remote loading Local image code is contained in flash devices for local loading of operation code When loading over the network use BOOTP RFC 951 TFTP RFC 783 to obtain image files Set Local defau
55. ransmission line Media Access Control Associated with Layer 2 or the Data Link Layer of the ISO 7 layer protocol model An ADSL parameter measured in dB It indicates the excess SNR relative to the performance of 107 BER at the receiver point Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Mbps MDI MDI X MIB NVRAM Port POTS PPP RAM Repeater RFC Router Service Provider SNMP SNR Spanning Tree Telecommuter Upstream UTP Glossary Megabits per second 1 000 000 bits per second Media Dependent Interface Media Dependent Interface cross over Management Information Base Non Volatile Random Access Memory An I O interface A point at which signals may be introduced or extracted in a similar manner Plain Old Telephone Service Point to Point Protocol Random Access Memory Connects to line segments to amplify and reshape the analog waveform to extend network segment distances Request for Comment Device that decides whether to forward a packet by looking at the protocol level address Organization providing and maintaining network services for subscribers Simple Network Management Protocol A network management standard initially established to allow multi vendor networking devices to be managed more easily with common management tools Signal to Noise ratio An algorithm used to open bridging loops A person who performs work at home while linked to the office by means of a telecommu
56. rcial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with this instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communication However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures e Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna e Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver e Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected e Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for help Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the grantee of this device voids the user s authority to operate the equipment Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual iii DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY Manufacturer s name and address declares that Product name conforms to the following Standards Application of Council Directives PairGain Technologies Inc 14402 Franklin Ave Tustin CA 92780 7013 U S A Megabit Modem CRA C EN55022 1987 EN50082 1 1992 EN60950 1994 89 336 EEC 73 23 EEC I the undersigned hereby declare that the equipment specfied above conforms
57. re Every console screen has a menu header which displays the time in the upper right corner and the date in the upper left corner Through the menus you can configure a local and a remote modem The header on each menu screen identifies the modem being monitored or configured e ATU C is the ADSL Transceiver Unit ATU at the service provider site which is the Megabit Modem CRA C e ATU R is the remote Megabit Modem CRA at the subscriber site Log on to the Megabit Modem CRA C 1 Press the spacebar several times to activate the autobaud feature and to display the Logon Password screen 07 2 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES 08 42 36 ATU C ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 LOGON PASSWORD Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 19 Configure and View Status ENTER is the factory default password If you 2 establish a different password you must type the new password at the LOGON PASSWORD prompt on a subsequent log on 2 Type your password at the password prompt or press ENTER factory default password if you have not customized your password The Main Menu displays 07 02 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES 08 43 18 ATU C ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 MAIN MENU SYSTEM STATUS AND CONFIGURATION ADSL MENU BRIDGE ROUTER MENU REMOTE LOGON Q LOGOUT ENTER CHOICE See the section Configure System Settings to establish a new password 20 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Configure and View Status Figure
58. red for the Megabit Modem CRA C to correctly respond to SNMP set and get requests Select Disable default or Enable for use of authentication error trap generation The trap is sent to the trap receiver address when an SNMP request is received with an invalid or incorrect community string Sets the first IP address for the server receiving the trap Enter the first string used for trap authentication is entered Trap Receiver 1 Community String is blank if no trap is being used The field is case sensitive Enter the second IP address for the server receiving the trap Enter the second string used for trap authentication Trap Receiver 2 Community String is blank if no trap is being used The field is case sensitive Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 39 Configure and View Status Reset the Ethernet Bridge Changes you make to the Ethernet bridge through the Bridge Router Configuration menus pages 31 and 37 and SNMP Configuration menu page 38 write immediately to flash memory when changes are confirmed However they do not take effect until the Megabit Modem CRA C Ethernet bridge is reset The Reset option causes the bridge to reboot with the new configuration Reset the Megabit Modem CRA C Ethernet bridge 1 3 4 3 at the Main Menu to display the Bridge Router menu 07 02 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES 08755095 ATU C ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 BRIDGE ROUTER MENU MAC ADDRESS 00 20 A7 20 68 F2 10
59. smission to the subscriber such as e nternet access e remote Local Area Network LAN access telecommuting small office or home office Other features of the Megabit Modem CRA C include embedded Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP agent EEE 802 1d transparent MAC level bridging with Spanning Tree protocol support static IP routing to provide secure access to the Internet BOOTP and TFTP to download software JOBASE T Ethernet port for connection to an Ethernet LAN line port for Rate adaptive ADSL single pair connection console port for maintenance and management Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 1 About the Megabit Modem CRA C Use the Megabit Modem CRA C with these other PairGain products e Megabit Modem CRA at subscriber site e 51 Network Interface Device network interface at subscriber site About Rate Adaptive Transmission The following definitions are useful for understanding the operation of the Megabit Modem e Bit Error Rate BER is the ratio of received bits that are in error relative to the total number of bits received measured over time For example 10 BER means that on average one error occurs per 10 bits received e Signal to Noise Ratio SNR is the ratio typically expressed in dB of the received signal power to the received noise power It is a measure of the quality of the transmission The theoretically achievable BER can be extrapolated from the measured SNR
60. t 24 hour period The SNR margin represents the margin relative to the SNR required for a BER of 10 A margin greater than zero indicates a performance better than 10 The system provides a default margin of 6 dB which translates to a performance of 10 BER or better See page 2 for information on SNR margin and BER Line Attn dB Indicates the decrease in amplitude of the transmitted upstream and downstream signals as measured at the ADSL respective receivers for that channel upstream or downstream 24 Hour ES Indicates the total number of ES that have been detected on the ADSL link during the previous 24 hour period 24 Hour UAS Indicates the total number of unavailable seconds UAS that have been detected on the ADSL link during the previous 24 hour period This figure represents the amount of time that the lines were not available for transmission since power on or last clear Data Rate kbps Identifies the actual data rates of the ADSL link 44 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Configure and View Status 24 Hours ADSL Performance History The 24 Hour ADSL Performance History report consists of eight screens Each screen displays three hours of data providing a 24 hour report in 15 minute increments Type 2 on the ADSL menu to open the 24 Hour ADSL Performance History screen 07 02 97 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES ATU C ADSL MEGABIT MODEM TERMINAL 01 01 24 HOUR ADSL PERFORMANCE HISTORY errored seconds unavailable
61. t configuration sector is determined to be invalid this can occur when the CRC of configuration sector does not match the expected CRC on power up user sets the value of Boot Mode to NETWORK saves the configuration to flash and then reboots the Megabit Modem CRA C 64 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Network and Management Overview BOOTP conforms to the following RFCs e RFC 951 Bootstrap Protocol BOOTP 1533 DHCP Options and BOOTP Vendor Extensions e 1542 Clarification and Extensions for the Bootstrap Protocol updates 951 A BOOTP request is broadcast through the Ethernet port to the local network The request is not sent from the ADSL port because the boot sector does not contain the code necessary to transmit over the WAN link If a BOOTP server is on the local network and is configured correctly it returns a BOOTP response Once the Megabit Modem CRA C receives a BOOTP response it keeps the IP address boot server default router and any other information associated with the module in the configuration sector of the flash Subsequent BOOTP responses for the Megabit Modem CRA C are ignored When a BOOTP server is not on the local network the request fails unless there is a BOOTP agent on the network that recognizes and forwards the request to the server The BOOTP server does not contain an entry that corresponds to the MAC address of the Megabit Modem CRA C From the console interface you can configure
62. t panel to blink The default value is 4 Type in a value from 0 to 255 for the ES errored second Threshold If the current 15 minute interval ES exceeds the set value then this causes an ES alarm The default is 100 Configure each alarm as either major or minor alarm or disable the alarm Enabling alarms affects the ADSL STAT LED but not the alarm history The available options for each alarm are E for enabled minor alarm D for disabled alarms and M for enabled major alarm Type 7 then press until you highlight the alarm you want to configure Press the spacebar to toggle among the choices listed above and press ENTER to select When you disable an alarm it affects the system ALARM STATUS LED or alarm relays but it does not affect the reporting of alarm information in the menu displays Select downstream power option of either STANDARD default or HI PERFORMANCE Unit uses the selected option to set the upper limit of the downstream power spectral density PSD during data transmission PSD for STANDARD is set to 40 dBm Hz PSD for HI PERFORMANCE is set to 34 dBm Hz for frequencies higher than 220 kHz Certain data rate combinations are invalid If such a combination is selected in fixed data mode the modem will change the rates to a valid combination When such a combination is selected in full startup mode the modem accepts it but the actual data rate to be achieved will not match the setting regar
63. th two captive mounting screws An AC to DC power supply that plugs into the power outlet Function Connects the Megabit Modem CRA C Ethernet MDI X port to a network device with an MDI port Connects the Megabit Modem CRA C Ethernet MDI X port to a network device with an MDI X port Connects the Megabit Modem CRA C to the ADSL line Plugs into the Console port to connect the Megabit Modem CRA C to an ASCII terminal Do not use as a IOBASE T Ethernet cable Optional Connects the Megabit Modem CRA C to an ASCII terminal for configuration and viewing status Provides primary power to the Megabit Modem CRA C and establishes a safety ground Do not tamper with the power supply safety prong is a critical element for the secondary lightning protection provided within the Megabit Modem CRA C If you tamper with the safety prong you risk serious injury Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual Install the Megabit Modem CRA C Identify LEDs and Connectors The Megabit Modem CRA C front panel has LEDs that show status for power and data transmission The rear panel has external interface connectors and a power switch Front Panel Figure 2 and Table 2 describe the LEDs on the Megabit Modem CRA C front panel Power 10BASE T ADSL PAIRGAIN 9 000 000 MEGABIT MODEM CRA C o e of 49 PowerLED 10BASE T ADSL LEDs LEDs Figure 2 Megabit Mo
64. the new time in the 24 hour clock format hh mm ss at the prompt The new time shows in the upper right corner of the screen Type the month day and year in the mm dd yy format at the prompt The new date shows in the upper left corner of the screen Enter a maximum of eight characters To enter a new password do the following Type 3 andthe message Creating user password press ENTER displays Press ENTER When prompted Pleas nter the new password type the new password then press ENTER An appears on the screen as you type each character of the password When prompted Please retype th password type the new password again then press ENTER You get this confirmation Password accepted If you change the default password write it down and save it in a secure place You cannot recover the password if it is forgotten Resets all ADSL transceiver and Ethernet bridge values to default After you type 4 a message warns you that you will reset these values Select either N no or Y yes to reset When you select Y the modem restarts Press the spacebar several times to autobaud You must then log in again All ADSL transceiver and Ethernet bridge values are now at default values including the password Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 25 Configure and View Status Configure the ADSL Transceiver The ADSL menu provides access to set ADSL configuration parameters and to view ADSL
65. to an overflow of the input or output buffer for the port Errored Frames The number of frames received in error CRC alignment and dribbling bit from the input buffer ADSL Port Input Frames The number of frames correctly received Output Frames The number of frames correctly transmitted Discarded Frames The number of frames dropped due to an overflow of the input or output buffer for the port Errored Frames The number of frames received in error CRC alignment and dribbling bit from the input buffer Log Out Log out from the Main Menu by pressing Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual 49 Configure and View Status 50 Megabit Modem CRA C User Manual NETWORK AND MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW Through the console menus you can configure the Megabit Modem CRA C as a bridge to forward Ethernet data based on MAC addresses or as a router to route Ethernet data based on IP addresses Additionally you can configure parameters for management and encapsulation protocols using the Megabit Modem CRA C console menus For information about this topic Go to page MAC layer bridging and spanning tree protocol 51 Static IP routing 53 Management protocols 61 Network configuration and image code download 64 Encapsulation protocols 66 MAC Layer Bridging and Spanning Tree Protocol MAC Layer Bridging A bridge moves information across an internetwork from a source to a destination at the link layer of an OSI reference model The infor
66. up mode the system figures out the highest upstream and downstream data rates it can support under the current line conditions with a margin greater than or equal to the configured margin This is done during every ADSL startup attempt The system will always attempt a full startup where it will set a transmission rate up to the maximum specified It determines this rate by assessing the signal quality data line length and noise conditions for example and the margin configuration setting It then comes up in the highest available rate based on this information e Session startup In session startup mode the system uses the data rates set during a previous full startup rather than re assessing the signal quality data In this mode the system performs a full startup upon every powerup or reset and would also revert back to a full startup attempt when a session startup is not successful for 30 seconds Fixed data rate In a fixed rate mode fixed data rate the user programs both the upstream and the downstream data rates using the Transceiver Configuration Menu The user can select from available data rates shown above Another configuration parameter is the startup SNR margin that is also configurable using the Transceiver Configuration Menu The system will attempt to come up to the programmed data rates with a margin greater than or equal to the configured margin Failure to complete startup with the desired margin results in repeated atte

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